Relevant bibliographies by topics / Flexible fibres

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Flexible fibres'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Flexible fibres"

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Parasakthibala, Ms G., and Mrs A. S. Monisha. "A Review on Natural Fibers; Its Properties and Application Over Synthetic Fibers." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 8 (August 31, 2022): 1894–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.46530.

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Abstract: Fibre is a long, thin strand or thread of material made by weaving or knitting threads together. Fibre is a hair like strand of material. A fibre is the smallest visible unit of any textile product. Fibres are flexible and may be spun into yarn and made into fabric. Natural fibres are taken from animals, vegetables or mineral sources. A few examples of widely used natural fibres include animal fibre such as wool and silk vegetables fibres, especially cotton and flax and asbestos, a mineral. Natural fibers are more important part in our human environment. Natural fibers are ecofriendly and inexpensive which are readily available in nature. In this chapter we discuss about the overview of natural fiber and their characteristic. this paper also deals with the impact of natural fibers over the synthetic fibers and also the application of natural fiber in various fields.
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Guo, Y., C. Wassgren, B. Hancock, W. Ketterhagen, and J. Curtis. "Computational study of granular shear flows of dry flexible fibres using the discrete element method." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 775 (June 16, 2015): 24–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2015.289.

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In this study, shear flows of dry flexible fibres are numerically modelled using the discrete element method (DEM), and the effects of fibre properties on the flow behaviour and solid-phase stresses are explored. In the DEM simulations, a fibre is formed by connecting a number of spheres in a straight line using deformable and elastic bonds. The forces and moments induced by the bond deformation resist the relative normal, tangential, bending and torsional movements between two bonded spheres. The bond or deforming stiffness determines the flexibility of the fibres and the bond damping accounts for the energy dissipation in the fibre vibration. The simulation results show that elastically bonded fibres have smaller effective coefficients of restitution than rigidly connected fibres. Thus, smaller solid-phase stresses are obtained for flexible fibres, particularly with bond damping, compared with rigid fibres. Frictionless fibres tend to align with a small angle from the flow direction as the solid volume fraction increases, and fibre deformation is minimized due to the alignment. However, jamming, with a corresponding sharp stress increase, large fibre deformation and dense contact force network, occurs for fibres with friction at high solid volume fractions. It is also found that jamming is more prevalent in dense flows with larger fibre friction coefficient, rougher surface, larger stiffness and larger aspect ratio.
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Ullrich, Julia, Martin Eisenreich, Yvonne Zimmermann, Dominik Mayer, Nina Koehne, Jacqueline F. Tschannett, Amalid Mahmud-Ali, and Thomas Bechtold. "Piezo-Sensitive Fabrics from Carbon Black Containing Conductive Cellulose Fibres for Flexible Pressure Sensors." Materials 13, no. 22 (November 16, 2020): 5150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13225150.

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The design of flexible sensors which can be incorporated in textile structures is of decisive importance for the future development of wearables. In addition to their technical functionality, the materials chosen to construct the sensor should be nontoxic, affordable, and compatible with future recycling. Conductive fibres were produced by incorporation of carbon black into regenerated cellulose fibres. By incorporation of 23 wt.% and 27 wt.% carbon black, the surface resistance of the fibres reduced from 1.3 × 1010 Ω·cm for standard viscose fibres to 2.7 × 103 and 475 Ω·cm, respectively. Fibre tenacity reduced to 30–50% of a standard viscose; however, it was sufficient to allow processing of the material in standard textile operations. A fibre blend of the conductive viscose fibres with polyester fibres was used to produce a needle-punched nonwoven material with piezo-electric properties, which was used as a pressure sensor in the very low pressure range of 400–1000 Pa. The durability of the sensor was demonstrated in repetitive load/relaxation cycles. As a regenerated cellulose fibre, the carbon-black-incorporated cellulose fibre is compatible with standard textile processing operations and, thus, will be of high interest as a functional element in future wearables.
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Manikantan, Harishankar, Lei Li, Saverio E. Spagnolie, and David Saintillan. "The instability of a sedimenting suspension of weakly flexible fibres." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 756 (September 9, 2014): 935–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2014.482.

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AbstractSuspensions of sedimenting slender fibres in a viscous fluid are known to be unstable to fluctuations of concentration. In this paper we develop a theory for the role of fibre flexibility in sedimenting suspensions in the asymptotic regime of weakly flexible bodies (large elasto-gravitation number). Unlike the behaviour of straight fibres, individual flexible filaments rotate as they sediment, leading to an anisotropic base state of fibre orientations in an otherwise homogeneous suspension. A mean-field theory is derived to describe the evolution of fibre concentration and orientation fields, and we explore the stability of the base state to perturbations of fibre concentration. We show that fibre flexibility affects suspension stability in two distinct and competing ways: the anisotropy of the base state renders the suspension more unstable to perturbations, while individual particle self-rotation acts to prevent clustering and stabilizes the suspension. In the presence of thermal noise, the dominant effect depends critically upon the relative scales of flexible fibre self-rotation compared to rotational Brownian motion.
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Williams, Huw. "Marketable fibres need flexible physicists." Physics World 4, no. 5 (May 1991): 64–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2058-7058/4/5/33.

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Edgerton, V. R., T. P. Martin, S. C. Bodine, and R. R. Roy. "How flexible is the neural control of muscle properties?" Journal of Experimental Biology 115, no. 1 (March 1, 1985): 393–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.115.1.393.

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The issue addressed in this paper is to what extent are selected physiological properties and associated protein systems of muscle fibres controlled or regulated by neuronal systems. One extreme position would be that all muscle proteins are controlled completely by the neural system that innervates the muscle. The opposite position would be that none of the muscle proteins are under neural influence. Although the concept that there is complete neural control of all proteins has generally received more support, it is more likely that there is only partial neural control of some proteins. Identical physiological, morphological and metabolic properties of all muscle fibres within a motor unit would suggest a complete neural control of all protein systems in muscle fibres. However, evidence against this idea is provided by the marked heterogeneity in the activities of two enzymes, alpha glycerophosphate dehydrogenase and succinic dehydrogenase (SDH), and in the wide variations in muscle fibre cross-sectional areas among fibres of the same motor unit in the cat soleus and tibialis anterior.
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Prabu, Krishnaa, J. Srinivasan, and C. Prakash. "Ceramic and Glass Fibre Reinforced Flexible Composites for Particulate Filter Walls – A Novel Approach." Fibres and Textiles in Eastern Europe 27, no. 3(135) (June 30, 2019): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.7747.

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Flexible composites from high performance fibres were developed and targeted to replace the wall of existing rigid ceramic Particulate Filters. The composites are made from E Glass fibre webs of different density in the middle, with standard SiC Ceramic fibres webs in in the outer layers, forming a sandwich structure. Different needling densities were applied to form nonwoven composites, and they were stitched diagonally on the surface at specified intervals with continuous glass fibre filament yarn. In total, nine novel flexible composites were developed and evaluated for their structural, surface, mechanical and thermal properties. Based on the results and statistical analysis, the B2 sample is considered to be taken for further research to develop Particulate Matter (PM) filters.
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LUSIS, Vitalijs, Andrejs KRASNIKOVS, Olga KONONOVA, Videvuds-Arijs LAPSA, Rimvydas STONYS, Arturs MACANOVSKIS, and Arturs LUKASENOKS. "EFFECT OF SHORT FIBERS ORIENTATION ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL – FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE." Journal of Civil Engineering and Management 23, no. 8 (November 20, 2017): 1091–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2017.1381643.

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Traditional fiberconcrete structures have fibres in the mix oriented in all spatial directions, distributed in the struc­tural element volume homogenously, what not easy to obtain in practice. In many situations, structurally more effective is the insertion of fibres into the concrete structural element body by forming layers, with a predetermined fibre concentration and orientation in every layer. In the present investigation, layered fibre concrete is under investigation. Short steel fibres were at­tached to flexible warps with the necessary fibres concentration and orientation. Warps were placed into the prismatic mould separating them by concrete layers without fibres. Prisms were matured and tested under four-point bending. The bending-affected mechanical behaviour of cracked fibre concrete was simulated numerically by using a developed struc­tural model. Comparing the simulation results with experimental data, material micromechanical fracture mechanisms were analysed and evaluated.
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Harvey, G., A. Gachagan, J. W. Mackersie, T. Mccunnie, and R. Banks. "Flexible ultrasonic transducers incorporating piezoelectric fibres." IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control 56, no. 9 (September 2009): 1999–2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tuffc.2009.1276.

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Wan, Tao Yu, Mohammad Chowdhury, and George K. Stylios. "The Formation and Morphology of PVA Ferrogel Nanofibre by the Electrospinning Process." Materials Science Forum 650 (May 2010): 361–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.650.361.

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Aqueous solutions of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with FeCl3 were homogenously mixed and subsequently electrospun; and its characteristics were studied as a function of voltage, tip-target distance and solution flow rate. Fiber mats of (PVA)/FeCl3 composite, in the diameter of 700–1100 nm were prepared by electrospinning. Lower concentrations of solution tended to facilitate the formation of fibres with beads. With increasing concentration, the morphology was improved with smooth and uniform fibres and the increased fibre diameters in the nano range. Spinning voltage also had an important influence on the diameters of the nano fibres, while the collection distance affected fibre diameters. Nano fibres of smaller diameter were formed when lower voltages are applied. The morphology of the electrospun from PVA/FeCl3 nano fibres and their magnetic power was observed and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).The fibres produced in this way could potentially be applied to manufacture magnetic sensors, flexible magnets.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Flexible fibres"

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Daieff, Marine. "Deformation and shape of flexible, microscale helices in viscous flows." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC189/document.

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Les interactions fluide-structure sont d'un grand intérêt en ingénierie et pour des applications industrielles et médicales. Comprendre les interactions entre des particules aux formes complexes et des écoulements peut mener à de nouveaux projets pour l'administration ciblée de médicaments, pour des micro capteurs de débit et à une meilleure compréhension du comportement des micro-organismes. Dans cette thèse, nous étudions l'interaction fluide-structure de particules chirales de taille microscopique à bas nombres de Reynolds. Les particules sont rigides et confinées dans une géométrie 2D ou flexibles avec une forme hélicoïdale. Combiner des techniques de microfabrication, comme des méthodes d'assemblage multi-échelles et la microfluidique, permet d'avoir un excellent contrôle à la fois sur les propriétés géométriques et mécaniques des fibres et aussi sur les caractéristiques de l'écoulement comme ses propriétés Newtoniennes et non Newtoniennes, sa vitesse et sa géométrie. Dans un premier temps, nous avons étudié des fibres rigides, 2D et asymétriques, i.e. des fibres en L. Les confinements latéral et transversal ont été étudiés tout comme la forme de la fibre. Lorsque la particule est transportée dans un écoulement visqueux, elle tourne jusqu'à atteindre une orientation d'équilibre. Dans cette orientation particulière, la fibre se décale vers les murs latéraux du canal. Une étude complète des trajectoires de la fibre a été réalisée et des comparaisons avec des particules symétriques ont été faites. Ce sujet de recherche pourrait aider à concevoir des dispositifs pour trier des particules à des fins médicales. Dans un second temps, nous avons étudié des fibres hélicoïdales flexibles de taille micrométrique. La dynamique de formation de l'hélice a été analysée. Les hélices se forment à partir de rubans droits 2D qui, de façon spontanée, s'enroulent quand ils sont libérés dans l'eau. La forme hélicoïdale est obtenue seulement quelques minutes après la libération des rubans mais l'hélice continue à rétrécir pendant plusieurs heures jusqu'à ce qu'elle atteigne une courbure préférentielle. Deux temps caractéristiques sont identifiés dans cette dynamique de formation. Un modèle a été développé pour comprendre le complexe équilibre entre les forces élastiques, de tension de surface et visqueuses aux temps courts. Après avoir analysé plusieurs hypothèses, comme l'impact d'une couche sacrificielle, une possible modification du module du matériau et la présence de fluage, l'évolution du rayon de l'hélice aux temps longs s'explique probablement par du fluage. La dynamique d'extension et de relaxation de la fibre flexible a aussi été étudiée dans des fluides Newtonien et non Newtonien. L'étude dans des solutions de polymères est pertinente et intéressante car la taille des micro hélices est comparable à celle des flagelles des micro-organismes et à celle de chaînes de polymères de grande masse moléculaire. Il s'agit donc d'un problème mutli-échelles complexe car la viscosité locale au niveau du ruban pourrait être différente de la viscosité globale de l'écoulement
Fluid-structure interactions are of wide interest in engineering, industrial and medical applications. Understanding the interactions between complex shaped particles and flows might lead to new designs for targeted delivery, microflow sensors and to a better understanding of the behavior of microorganisms. In this thesis, we study the fluid-structure interaction of microscale chiral particles at low Reynolds numbers. The particles are rigid and confined in a 2D geometry or flexible with a helical shape. The combination of microfabrication techniques, such as multiscale assembly methods and microfluidics, enables to have a perfect control on both the geometrical and mechanical properties of the fibers and the flow features such as Newtonian or non Newtonian properties, the flow velocity and the flow geometry. First we studied asymmetric 2D rigid fibers, i.e. L-shaped fibers. Both lateral and transversal confinements have been investigated, as well as the shape of the fiber. When the particle is transported in viscous flows, it rotates until reaching an equilibrium orientation. In this specific orientation, the fiber drifts towards the lateral walls of the channel. A full investigation on the trajectories of the fiber has been performed and comparisons with symmetric particles have been done. Such research may help design devices to sort particles for medical purposes. Secondly we studied flexible microscale helical fibers. The dynamics of the helix formation has been investigated. The helices are formed from straight 2D ribbons, which spontaneously coil when released in water. The helical shape is reached only several minutes after the release but the helix keeps shrinking during several hours until reaching a preferred curvature. Two different timescales are identified in this formation dynamics. A model has been developed to understand the complex balance between elastic, surface tension and viscous forces at short times. After investigating several assumptions such as the impact of a sacrificial layer, a possible change in the modulus of the material and a creep behavior, the evolution of the radius at long times is most likely explained by creep. The extension and relaxation dynamics of the flexible fiber has also been studied in Newtonian and non Newtonian fluids. The study in polymer solutions is relevant and interesting because the size of the microhelix is comparable to the flagella of microorganisms and to the chains of high molecular weight polymers. Complex multiscale problems are then involved as the local viscosity at the scale of the ribbon might differ from the global viscosity at the scale of the flow
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Harris, Samantha Mary. "Dynamics of semi-flexible fibres in viscous flow." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2007. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/53/.

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The dynamics of semi-flexible fibres in shear flow and the effect of flexibility on the swimming speed of helical flagella are investigated. High aspect ratio particles such as carbon and glass fibres are often added as fillers to processed polymers. Although these materials have high rigidity, the large aspect ratiomakes the fibres liable to bending during flow. Other high aspect ratio fibres that behave as semi-flexible fibres include carbon nano-tubes, paper fibres and semi-flexible polymers such as the muscle protein f-actin. Most theoretical studies assume that fibres are either rigid or completely flexible, but in this thesis fibres with a finite bending modulus are considered. A semi-flexible fibre is modelled as a chain of shorter rods linked together. A bending torque is included at the joints between the rods to account for the rigidity. In shear flow the simulation reproduces the C and S turns observed in experiments on semi-flexible fibres. The results for finite aspect ratio fibres predict changes to the period of rotation and drift between Jeffery orbits. The direction of drift for a flexible fibre depends on both the intial orientation and the fibre’s flexiblity. We also present a linear analysis of how small distortions to a straight semi-flexible fibre grow when the flow places the fibre under compression. These results are in agreement with our full simulations and the growth rates of the distortions to a straight fibre allow us to predict the most unstable mode at a particular flow rate. To allow for intrinsically bent or helical equilibrium shapes a second simulation method is developed that includes a twisting torque at the joints between the rods as well as a bending torque. Using this simulation we measure the period of rotation and orbit drift of permanently deformed fibres in shear flow and show that due to the asymmetry of a helix, shear induced rotation results in translation and orbit drift for both rigid and semi-flexible fibres. Bacteria such as Vibrio alginolyticus and Escherichia coli swim by rotating one or more helical flagella. Vibrio alginolyticus has only one flagella and changes direction by altering its sense of rotation. Experimental observations of Vibrio alginolyticus have found that backwards swimming is 50% faster than forwards swimming speed however, previous numerical simulation results have shown only a 4% difference for flagella of the same dimensions. We use our simulation to consider how flexiblity affects the swimming speed of helical flagella and show that for a constant angular velocity, difference between forwards and backwards swimming speed ranges between 0-23%depending on the exact stiffness chosen. We explain the differences in swimming speeds of semi-flexible fibres by investigating the shape changes which occur and comparing them to the results for swimming speeds of rigid flagella of varying dimensions.
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Joung, Clint Gwarngsoo. "Direct simulation studies of suspended particles and fibre-filled suspensions." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/554.

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A new Direct Simulation fibre model was developed which allowed flexibility in the fibre during the simulation of fibre suspension flow.This new model was called the 'Chain-of-Spheres' model.It was hypothesised that particle shape and deformation could significantly affect particle dynamics,and also suspension bulk properties such as viscosity.Data collected from the simulation showed that flexible fibres in shear flow resulted in an order of 7 −10% bulk relative viscosity increase over the 'rigid' fibre result.Results also established the existence of a relationship between bulk viscosity and particle stiffness. In comparison with experimental results,other more conventional rigid fibre based methods appeared to underpredict relative viscosity.The flexible fibre method thus markedly improved the ability to estimate relative viscosity.The curved rigid fibre suspension also exhibited increased viscosity of the order twice that of the equivalent straight rigid fibre suspension.With such sensitivity to fibre shape,this result has some important implications for the quality of fibre inclusions used.For consistent viscosity,the shape quality of the fibres was shown to be important. The 'Chain of Spheres' simulation was substantially extended to create a new simulation method with the ability to model the dynamics of arbitrarily shaped particles in the Newtonian flow field.This new '3D Particle' simulation method accounted for the inertial force on the particles,and also allowed particles to be embedded in complex flow fields.This method was used to reproduce known dynamics for common particle shapes,and then to predict the unknown dynamics of various other particle shapes in shear flow. In later sections, the simulation demonstrated inertia-induced particle migration in the non-linear shear gradient Couette cylinder flow,and was used to predict the fibre orientation within a diverging channel flow.The performance of the method was verified against known experimental measurements,observations and theoretical and numerical results where available.The comparisons revealed that the current method reproduced single particle dynamics with great fidelity. The broad aim of this research was to better understand the microstructural dynamics within the fibre-filled suspension and from it,derive useful engineering information on the bulk flow of these fluids.This thesis represents a move forward to meet this broad aim.It is hoped that future researchers may benefit from the new approaches and algorithms developed here.
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Joung, Clint Gwarngsoo. "Direct simulation studies of suspended particles and fibre-filled suspensions." University of Sydney. Chemical Engineering, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/554.

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A new Direct Simulation fibre model was developed which allowed flexibility in the fibre during the simulation of fibre suspension flow.This new model was called the �Chain-of-Spheres �model.It was hypothesised that particle shape and deformation could signi ficantly a ffect partic e dynamics,and also suspension bulk properties such as viscosity.Data collected from the simulation showed that flexible fibres in shear flow resulted in an order of 7 −10% bulk relative viscosity increase over the �rigid �fibre result.Results also es- tablished the existence of a relationship between bulk viscosity and particle sti ffness.In comparison with experimental results,other more conventional rigid fibre based methods appeared to underpredict relative viscosity.The flexible fibre method thus markedly improved the ability to estimate relative viscosity.The curved rigid fibre suspension also exhibited increased viscosity of the order twice that of the equivalent straight rigid fibre suspension.With such sensitivity to fibre shape,this result has some important implications for the quality of fibre inclusions used.For consistent viscosity,the shape quality of the fibres was shown to be important. The �Chain of Spheres �simulation was substantially extended to create a new simulation method with the ability to model the dynamics of arbitrarily shaped particles in the Newtonian flow field.This new �3D Particle �simulation method accounted for the inertial force on the particles,and also allowed particles to be embedded in complex flow fields.This method was used to reproduce known dynamics for common particle shapes,and then to predict the unknown dynamics of various other particle shapes in shear flow. In later sections, the simulation demonstrated inertia-induced particle migration inthe non-linear shear gradient Couette cylinder flow,and was used to predict the fibre orientation within a diverging channel flow.The performance of the method was verified against known experimental measurements,observations and theoretical and numerical results where available.The comparisons revealed that the current method reproduced single particle dynamics with great fidelity. The broad aim of this research was to better understand the microstruc- tural dynamics within the fibre-filled suspension and from it,derive useful engineering information on the bulk flow of these fluids.This thesis represents a move forward to meet this broad aim.It is hoped that future researchers may bene fit from the new approaches and algorithms developed here.
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Thompson, Ian. "Use of steel fibres to reinforce cement bound roadbase." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.366364.

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Vakil, Ali. "Three-dimensional flow through forming fabrics and the motion of flexible fibres in flow." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/19328.

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This dissertation addresses the 3D flow through forming fabrics. In the first part of this thesis, the single phase 3D flow through certain specific fabrics was modeled. In practice, the Reynolds number of the fabric flow, based on paper-side filament diameter, is around 100. Consequently, it is not too surprising that the permeability of the fabrics was found to vary approximately as Re ⁻⁰˙⁴, which is intermediate between the expected low Re (Re⁻¹) and high Re (Re⁰) limits. The resistance of a multilayer fabric was found to be nearly equal to the sum of the resistance of each layer considered in isolation. The effect of filament-scale and weave-scale flow non-uniformity on the fiber distribution in the finished paper was considered. For one specific fabric, there was 3 times more chance for short fibers to accumulate initially over openings than blockages of the fabric. Jet-to-wire speed ratio was found to have an insignificant effect on permeability results, but a marked effect on the Machine Direction shear stress in the vicinity of the paper-side filaments. In an attempt to model sheet formation, numerical simulations of the motion of a single fiber in the flow field of a cylinder was carried out as a canonical test case of the fiber/filament interaction system. Seven dimensionless groups govern the problem. A range of dimensionless groups were found for which the fiber hung up on the cylinder, whereas for other values of the dimensionless groups the fiber slid over the cylinder. In general, longer and more flexible fibers had a greater likelihood to be caught by the filament. Yawed finite aspect ratio cylinders at moderate Reynolds numbers are approximate representations of fibers in the flow field of forming fabrics. No analytical solution or any experimental data are reported in the literature to predict the drag and lift force on such particles in such flows. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations were conducted to find the drag and lift coefficients of inclined finite circular cylinders at Reynolds numbers in the range 1-40. The simulations showed that the Independence Principle was highly inaccurate for low inclination angles.
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Zhang, Xi. "Polymer composites incorporating engineered electrospun fibres : flexible design and novel properties for biomedical applications." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2017. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/30904.

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Due to their unique structure and flexible choice of materials, electrospun degradable and biocompatible polymer fibres are considered to be extremely suitable for biomedical applications such as tissue engineering and drug delivery, either on their own or integrated within composites. Conventional electrospun fibre composites are typically based on non-woven mats and therefore limited to simple-curved geometries (films, membranes, etc.). For aqueous composites such as hydrogels, the hydrophobicity of the materials sometimes prohibits fibres to be easily integrated or distributed in these composites. In this thesis, a review on the topic is firstly presented in Chapter 2, introducing and discussing engineering of electrospun fibre as well as their biomedical applications. In Chapter 3, electrospun polylactide (PLA) fibres reinforced poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) composites are prepared. The composites are loaded with both continuous and short PLA fibres, achieving significant mechanical enhancement and offering opportunities to produce composites conveniently using liquid formulations. Chapter 4 presents the development of shape memory polymer composites based on a combination of PLA fibres and a PTMC matrix. By loading different amounts of short fibres with different aspect ratios or by using plasticisers, the shape memory behaviour is modulated; and composites of more complex geometries are produced. In Chapter 5, PTMC-PLA fibre composites are made into drug release system. Dexamethasone-loaded PLA fibres are integrated into a PTMC matrix, showing sustained drug release and stimulating stem cell osteogenic differentiation. This concept gives promise to loading various drugs into photo-crosslinked structures without denaturation. In Chapter 6, electrospun PLA fibres are functionalized by amphiphilic block copolymer polylactide-block-poly[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] (PLA-b-PDMAEMA) for the development of carboxymethylcellulose composites hydrogels. Functionalization of PLA fibres not only allows for easy integration and dispersion into the hydrogel, but also enhances the interfacial bonding between fibre and hydrogel. In the last chapter (Chapter 7), some conclusions are drawn and future works are discussed.
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Chegenizadeh, Amin. "Experimental approach to investigate reinforced clay." Thesis, Curtin University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/2288.

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Soil reinforcement with discrete flexible fibres has always been an issue for further research. In Geotechnical engineering field, the research on sandy soil has considerably been more than the clayey one. The main reason for this lack can be expressed as the complexity of clayey material due to their cohesion and interaction between clay and reinforcement.The present research aims to show possibility of discrete fibre usage in clay. For this purpose, selection of material has been conducted with special care to make the project outcome applicable to industry projects. The fibre which was used for this research prepared by BASF Company in Western Australia and currently is used in fibre reinforced concrete for infrastructure projects. Kaolin has been used as soil part and provided by Prestige Company.Experimental approach was applied to investigate the effect of different parameters on composite soil strength. These tests cover the variety range of soil mechanics tests from compaction tests to triaxial compression tests. The results from all the tests were presented in the thesis.A theoretical model was also developed for clayey material for the first time with the use of modified cam clay model to predict the behaviour of samples precisely. This model is based on the rule of mixture and considers the effect of soil and fibre separately. The model was validated with the results from CD triaxial test.
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Ducourthial, Guillaume. "Développement d'un endomicroscope multiphotonique compact et flexible pour l'imagerie in vivo haute résolution de tissus biologiques non marqués." Thesis, Limoges, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIMO0004/document.

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La microscopie multiphotonique est un outil essentiel d’investigation en biologie cellulaire et tissulaire. Son extension à l’endoscopie est l’objet d’intenses efforts de recherche pour des applications en neurosciences (imagerie cérébrale du petit animal) ou en clinique (diagnostic précoce, aide à la biopsie). Ce manuscrit porte sur le développement d’un endomicroscope multiphotonique présentant des performances inédites. Ce dispositif est alimenté par un oscillateur titane-saphir standard. Vient ensuite un module de pré-compensation des distorsions linéaires et non linéaires se produisant dans la fibre endoscopique. Ce module permet d’obtenir des impulsions compressées de 39 fs à la sortie d’une fibre microstructurée air-silice innovante à double gaine de 5 mètres de long qui est optimisée pour l’excitation multiphotonique (cœur central de 3,4 µm à maintien de polarisation) et la collection du signal produit par les cibles biologiques. A l’extrémité de la fibre, on trouve une sonde endoscopique, de 2,2 mm de diamètre pour 37 mm de long, composée d’un micro-scanner à fibre optique et d’un micro-objectif achromatique de distance de travail supérieure à 400 µm. La résolution spatiale de l’appareil vaut 0,83 µm et l’acquisition se fait en simultané sur deux canaux spectraux à 8 images/s. L’appareil a permis l’enregistrement d’images in vivo sans marquage des tubules et de la capsule rénale, respectivement par fluorescence à deux photons des flavines et par génération de second harmonique du collagène, avec 30 mW sur les tissus et jusqu’à 300 µm sous la surface de l’organe
Multiphoton microscopy is an essential investigative tool in cell and tissue biology. Its extension to endoscopy is the subject of intensive research for applications in neuroscience (brain imaging of small animals) or clinical (early diagnosis, help for biopsy). This manuscript focuses on the development of an endomicroscope with multiphoton unprecedented performance. This device is powered by a standard titanium-sapphire oscillator. Then comes a pre-compensation module of linear and nonlinear distortions occurring in the endoscopic fiber. This module provides compressed pulses of 39 fs at the direct output of 5 meters long innovative double-clad air-silica microstructured fiber which is optimized for multiphoton excitation (polarization maintaining central core of 3.4 µm) and the collection of the signal produced by biological targets. At the end of the fiber, there is an endoscopic probe, 2.2 mm in diameter and 37 mm long, composed of a micro fiber scanning system and an achromatic micro-objective with a working distance greater than 400 µm. The spatial resolution of the device is 0.83 µm and the acquisition is done simultaneously on two spectral channels at 8 frames/s. The device has recorded in vivo images without label of the tubules and the renal capsule, respectively by two-photon excitation fluorescence of flavins and second harmonic generation of collagen, with 30 mW on the tissues and 300 µm below the surface of the organ
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Nauman, Saad. "Geometrical modelling and characterization of 3D warp interlock composites and their on-line structural health monitoring using flexible textile sensors." Thesis, Lille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIL10010/document.

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Ce mémoire de thèse de doctorat est structuré en deux parties. Dans la 1ère partie, une nouvelle approche traitant la caractérisation géométrique et mécanique est décrite. La modélisation géométrique de tissu 3D interlock est corrélée avec les paramètres de tissage afin de mieux prendre en compte ces paramètres. Le tissage de tissu 3D interlock est décrit en détail. Par la suite, une étude a été menée pour mieux comprendre les changements qui se produisent dans une mèche de carbone lorsque cette dernière est intégrée dans un renfort. Un coefficient de transfert des propriétés mécaniques a été proposé permettant une meilleure compréhension de l’influence des paramètres structuraux sur les propriétés d’un composite. Dans la 2eme partie du mémoire, un système de mesure in situ pour les composites a été développé. Ce système comporte un capteur souple et un module de traitement de données et d’amplification des signaux. Le capteur fibreux développé durant nos recherches a été inséré pendant le tissage comme un fil de trame. Le système a été testé sur une plaque en composite, contenant les renforts en 3D interlock, en traction. Le capteur suit fidèlement les déformations de la plaque composite jusqu’à la rupture
This thesis is divided in two parts. In the first part a geometrical modelling approach has been developed in tandem with weaving parameters. The reinforcements were woven on a modified conventional loom to study the geometry of these structures. Their weaving has been described in detail. The weaving parameters have been correlated to the modelling approach. The meso structural modelling approach is capable of predicting essential reinforcement geometrical characteristics at meso structural level without being too complicated. Furthermore, mechanical characterization of 3D interlock reinforcements has been carried out in such a way that a track of mechanical properties during the complete production cycle has been maintained. A novel parameter called strength transfer coefficient was proposed which allows better understanding of the influence of structural parameters on the final properties of the composite. In the second part of the thesis an online structural health monitoring system which is composed of a textile based sensor and signal amplification and treatment module, has been developed. This system is capable of detecting structural deformations in the composite as the sensor is integrated during the manufacturing of the reinforcement and can follow its deformation pattern when composite is subjected to tensile loading in a real time
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Books on the topic "Flexible fibres"

1

Pen, Wang Ko, Mehta Atul C, and Turner J. Francis, eds. Flexible bronchoscopy. 2nd ed. Malden, Mass: Blackwell Pub., 2004.

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Brydon, A. G. Flexible card clothing and its application. Manchester: Textile Institute, 1988.

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Keller, Thomas. Use of fibre reinforced polymers in bridge construction. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/sed007.

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<p>The aim of the present Structural Engineering Document, a state-of-the-art report, is to review the progress made worldwide in the use of fibre rein­forced polymers as structural components in bridges until the end of the year 2000.<p> Due to their advantageous material properties such as high specific strength, a large tolerance for frost and de-icing salts and, furthermore, short installation times with minimum traffic interference, fibre reinforced polymers have matured to become valuable alternative building materials for bridge structures. Today, fibre reinforced polymers are manufactured industrially to semi-finished products and ccimplete structural components, which can be easily and quickly installed or erected on site.<p> Examples of semi-finished products and structural components available are flexible tension elements, profiles stiff in bending and sandwich panels. As tension elements, especially for the purpose of strengthening, strips and sheets are available, as weil as reinforcing bars for concrete reinforcement and prestressing members for internal prestressing or external use. Profiles are available for beams and columns, and sandwich constructions especially for bridge decks. During the manufacture of the structural components fibre-optic sensors for continuous monitoring can be integrated in the materials. Adhesives are being used more and more for joining com­ponents.<p> Fibre reinforced polymers have been used in bridge construction since the mid-1980s, mostly for the strengthening of existing structures, and increas­ingly since the mid-1990s as pilot projects for new structures. In the case of new structures, three basic types of applications can be distinguished: concrete reinforcement, new hybrid structures in combination with traditional construction materials, and all-composite applications, in which the new materials are used exclusively.<p> This Structural Engineering Document also includes application and research recommendations with particular reference to Switzerland.<p> This book is aimed at both students and practising engineers, working in the field of fibre reinforced polymers, bridge design, construction, repair and strengthening.
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Galperin, Inna. A numerical model of the motion of a curved flexible fibre in a shear flow. Ottawa: National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999.

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Dahl, Milo D. Effects of fiber motion on the acoustic behavior of an anisotropic, flexible fibrous material. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1987.

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1943-, Murry Thomas, ed. FEESST: Flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing with sensory testing. San Diego: Plural Pub., 2005.

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Turner, Roderick David. Dual wavelength fiber-optic polarimeter for path-integrated strain sensing: application to the measurement of local slope on a flexible beam. [Downsview, Ontario]: University of Toronto, Institute for Aerospace Studies, 1991.

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Turner, Roderick David. Dual wavelength fiber-optic polarimeter for path-integrated strain sensing: application to the measurement of local slope on a flexible beam. [Downsview, Ont.]: University of Toronto, Institute for Aerospace Studies, 1990.

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Melashvili, Yuri. Controlled structures with electromechanical and fiber-optical sensors. Hauppauge, NY, USA: Nova Science Publishers, 2008.

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Hearle, J. W. Mechanics of Flexible Fibre Assemblies. Ingramcontent, 2013.

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Book chapters on the topic "Flexible fibres"

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Ouagne, Pierre, and Mahadev Bar. "Natural Fibres-Based Hybrid Towpregs." In Flexible Towpregs and Their Thermoplastic Composites, 59–84. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003049715-3.

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Kuncová, G., J. Vlček, M. Kubečková, and J. Götz. "Flexible self-centering die for coating fibres." In Progress and Trends in Rheology II, 391–94. Heidelberg: Steinkopff, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-49337-9_135.

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Huang, YongAn, YeWang Su, and Shan Jiang. "Self-Assembly of Self-Similar Fibers for Stretchable Electronics." In Flexible Electronics, 257–87. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6623-1_10.

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Rath, Jan-Erik, Robert Graupner, and Thorsten Schüppstuhl. "Die-Less Forming of Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Composites." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 3–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18326-3_1.

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AbstractFiber-reinforced plastics (FRP) are increasingly popular in light weight applications such as aircraft manufacturing. However, most production processes of thin-walled FRP parts to date involve the use of expensive forming tools. This especially hinders cost-effective production of small series as well as individual parts and prototypes. In this paper, we develop new possible alternatives of highly automated and die-less production processes based on a short review of current approaches on flexible thin-walled FRP production. All proposed processes involve robot guided standard tools, similar to incremental sheet metal forming, for local forming of the base materials. These include woven glass fiber fabrics which are locally impregnated with thermoset resin and cured using UV-light, woven commingled yarns made out of glass fibers and thermoplastic fibers which are locally heated and pressed, as well as pre-consolidated thermoplastic organo sheets which require selective heating for forming. General applicability of the processes is investigated and validated in practical experiments.
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Knudsen, Bodo E. "Flexible Ureteroscopy: Holmium:YAG Laser and Optical Fibers." In Ureteroscopy, 161–67. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-206-3_14.

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Salem, David R. "Draw-Induced Structure Development in Flexible-Chain Polymers." In Structure Formation in Polymeric Fibers, 118–84. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9783446456808.004.

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Fukushima, Yasunori, Hiroki Murase, and Yasuo Ohta. "Dyneema®: Super Fiber Produced by the Gel Spinning of a Flexible Polymer." In High-Performance and Specialty Fibers, 109–32. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55203-1_7.

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Koumbourlis, Anastassios C. "Flexible Fibre-Optic Bronchoscopy in the Intensive-Care Unit." In Paediatric Bronchoscopy, 54–63. Basel: KARGER, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000314384.

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Dufek, W., C. Sebesta, K. Schütze, E. Hentschel, H. Rosen, and B. Bauer. "Submucous and Intravascular Application of Fibrin Sealant Using a Double-Luminal Flexible Needle." In Progress in Fibrin Sealing, 135–36. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-48362-2_16.

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Xiang, Dong. "Flexible Strain Sensors Based on Elastic Fibers of Conductive Polymer Composites." In Carbon-Based Conductive Polymer Composites, 113–25. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003218661-6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Flexible fibres"

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Berg, Arne, and Niels Jo̸rgen Risho̸j-Nielsen. "Integrity Monitoring of Flexible Risers by Optical Fibres." In ASME 2002 21st International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2002-28088.

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The use of fibre optic sensing technology for integrity monitoring of flexible risers has been demonstrated. A technique for integration of the sensors along the tensile armouring has been developed and used in testing of a full-scale riser where the strain in the tensile armour was measured. The integration technique is also applicable to fibre optic sensors for other measurands. The test riser was exposed to a fatigue test of 612 000 bending cycles. The strain measurements provided new and important data about the conditions in the annulus of a riser during operation. The small diameter of optical fibres (OD = 0.125mm) and the multiplexing features of sensors based on fibre Bragg gratings (FBG) make it possible to realise various sensing systems in the riser annulus. A possible combination of different fibre optic sensors is outlined.
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Plöschner, Martin, Tomáš Tyc, and Tomáš Čižmár. "Untangled modes in multimode fibres for flexible microendoscopy." In SPIE Optical Systems Design, edited by Daniel G. Smith, Frank Wyrowski, and Andreas Erdmann. SPIE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2191418.

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Kilpatrick, Robert J., Shuhui Li, and David B. Phillips. "Towards Multi-Guide-Star Assisted Imaging Through Flexible Multimode Fibres." In Frontiers in Optics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/fio.2022.jtu7a.2.

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Multimode optical fibres (MMFs) represent promising candidates for deep tissue micro-endoscopes. Here we present new approaches to overcome the time-dependent spatial scrambling of optical signals transmitted through flexible MMFs.
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Da Costa Santos, Ana Caroline, and Paul Archbold. "Mechanical Properties and Fracture Energy of Concrete Beams Reinforced with Basalt Fibres." In 4th International Conference on Bio-Based Building Materials. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/cta.1.316.

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Fibre-reinforced concrete (FRC) is widely employed in the construction industry, with assorted fibre types being used for different applications. Typically, steel fibres give additional tensile strength to the mixture, while flexible fibres may be used in large sections, such as floor slabs, to control crack width and to improve the handling ability of precast sections. For many reasons, including durability concerns, environmental impact, thermal performance, etc, alternatives to the currently available fibres are being sought. This study examines the potential of using basalt fibres, a mineral and natural material, as reinforcement of concrete sections in comparison to steel fibres and plain concrete mix. Mixes were tested containing 0.5% and 1.0% of basalt fibres measuring 25mm length, 0.5% of the same material with 48mm length and steel fibres measuring 50mm by 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.15% and 0.2% of the concrete volume. For the mechanical performance analysis, the 3-point bending test was led and the fracture energy, Young’s modulus and tensile strength in different moments of the tests were calculated. When compared to the control mixtures and the steel-fibre-reinforced concrete, the mixes containing basalt had a reduction in their elastic modulus, representing a decrease in the concrete brittleness. At the same time, the fracture energy of the mixtures was significantly increased with the basalt fibres in both lengths. Finally, the flexural strength was also higher for the natural fibre reinforced concrete than for the plain concrete and comparable to the results obtained with the addition of steel fibres by 0.15%.
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Lekosiotis, Athanasios, Federico Belli, Christian Brahms, Teodora Grigorova, Hesham Sakr, Ian A. Davidson, Francesco Poletti, and John C. Travers. "Progress in Ultrafast Optics Using Hollow-Core Fibres." In Specialty Optical Fibers. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/sof.2022.sotu4i.2.

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We report recent advances in pulse compression, frequency upconversion to the ultraviolet, polarisation control, and flexible pulse delivery experiments in the ultrafast regime, using different types of hollow-core fibres.
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Ellis, A. D., and D. M. Spirit. "The use of GaInAsP amplifiers for 40 Gbit/s signal processing." In Nonlinear Guided-Wave Phenomena. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nlgwp.1993.pd.2.

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Optical time domain multiplexed (OTDM) systems are expected to play an important role in increasing the aggregate fibre capacity in telecommunications networks beyond the levels attainable with electronic systems. Within these systems, one of the key elements is a flexible optical demultiplexer, and recently attention has been focused on the use of the Kerr effect in silica based fibres to produce optically controlled switching elements1,2. However, whilst offering attractive functionality, the relatively low nonlinear coefficientin silica fibres leads to excessively long devices and consequent latency, timing and stability issues. It is also necessary to carefully select the fibre properties and signal wavelengths for these switches to achieve a desired function. Thus a compact sub millimetre device, offering similar overall levels of nonlinearity offers clear advantages.
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Guezennec, Tristan, Laurent Provino, Eric Lallier, Olivier Le Goffic, David Landais, Achille Monteville, Thierry Taunay, and Adil Haboucha. "Sub-500 fs high power quasimonolithic FCPA laser using an all-solid step-index flexible PM VLMA Yb-doped fiber amplifier." In Micro-Structured and Specialty Optical Fibres VII, edited by Christian-Alexander Bunge, Kyriacos Kalli, and Pavel Peterka. SPIE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2624096.

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Dupont, Erwan, Frédéric Lamarque, Christine Prelle, and Tanneguy Redarce. "Tri-Dimensional Optical Inspection Based on Flexible Image Guide: First Step Toward 3D Industrial Endoscopy." In ASME 2012 11th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2012-82453.

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3D optical endoscopy is now a major challenge to allow the high resolution inspection of industrial equipments. The proposed instrument is based on a flexible image guide (70 000 fibres) and a Digital Micro mirror Device (DMD, 1024 × 768 “on-off” micro mirrors). The optical design is as follows: the light emitted by a 532 nm laser diode is dynamically structured by the DMD chip as a fringes pattern which is phase-shifted due to the active control of the DMD chip and projected onto an object on a circular field of 6 mm in diameter. Due to a telecentric and binocular arrangement that creates a stereoscopic angle, it is possible to get a depth of field of 2 mm along the optical axis without keystone distortions and few disturbances created by defocus and coma aberrations. Then, images are captured by a 1024 × 768 digital camera (not yet moved away by fibres) at 15 fps and directly used in the reconstruction algorithm to access the tri-dimensional shape of the unpainted object. The results are compared to incoherent white light results obtained with white painted mechanical objects. The lateral resolution is 31.3 μm and the RMS axial resolution is 10 μm for the laser-based design after speckle attenuation.
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Rogers, A. J. "Non-Linear Methods for High Performance Distributed Optical-Fibre Sensing." In The European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_europe.1998.cfd1.

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Optical fibres offer very special advantages for distributed sensing. They comprise a flexible, insulating, dielectric, minimally-intrusive, one-dimensional measurement medium for installation into critical structures. Examples of such structures are dams, bridges, pressure vessels, oil rigs, aerospace vehicles, mining installations and power system equipment.
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Urich, Artur, Robert R. J. Maier, Jonathan C. Knight, Fei Yu, Duncan P. Hand, and Jonathan D. Shephard. "Flexible delivery of Er:YAG radiation at 2.94 μm with novel hollow-core silica glass fibres: demonstration of tissue ablation." In SPIE BiOS, edited by Israel Gannot. SPIE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2002430.

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Reports on the topic "Flexible fibres"

1

McKeehan, K. Composite molding of SPECTRA{reg_sign} extended chain polyethylene fibers in a flexible rubber matrix. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/653949.

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AN ANALYTICAL METHOD FOR EVALUATING THE DEFLECTION AND LOAD-BEARING AND ENERGY ABSORPTION CAPACITY OF ROCKFALL RING NETS CONSIDERING MULTIFACTOR INFLUENCE. The Hong Kong Institute of Steel Construction, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18057/ijasc.2022.18.3.1.

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In this study, an analytical method for evaluating the structural performance, including maximum deflection, load-bearing, and energy absorption capacity of a steel wire-ring net, was proposed to effectively design the ring net of the flexible barrier systems. Puncture tests of the ring nets and two-point traction tests of the three-ring chains with various wire-ring specifications were conducted. Correlation analysis was used to test the results between ring nets and chains, revealing that three structural performance indicators of the test specimens were strongly related. The ring net’s structural performance was affected specifically by ring chains on the shortest load transfer path. Accordingly, a three-ring chain with a flexible boundary corresponded to a fibre–spring element. A three-dimensional analytical model of the ring net was established. Explicit formulas for computing the three indicators of the ring net were derived. Comprehensive quasi-static and impact tests, using different shapes and sizes of punching devices, were conducted, providing valuable data to calibrate and validate this analytical method. The ability of the model in yielding consistent results when implemented at the structure scale was then assessed, based on the data of full-scale impact tests on a 1500kJ-energy rockfall barrier. Lastly, the effects of various factors, such as single ring geometry, the length–width ratio of the net, loading area size, boundary stiffness, and load rate, influencing the structural performance indicators of the ring net were investigated, respectively.
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