Journal articles: 'Flexible conductive fibers'

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Li, Yi, Jun Chen, Xiao Han, Yinghui Li, Ziqiang Zhang, and Yanwen Ma. "Capillarity-Driven Self-Assembly of Silver Nanowires-Coated Fibers for Flexible and Stretchable Conductor." Nano 13, no. 12 (December 2018): 1850146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793292018501461.

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The rapid development of smart textiles requires the large-scale fabrication of conductive fibers. In this study, we develop a simple, scalable and low-cost capillary-driven self-assembly method to prepare conductive fibers with uniform morphology, high conductivity and good mechanical strength. Fiber-shaped flexible and stretchable conductors are obtained by coating highly conductive and flexible silver nanowires (Ag NWs) on the surfaces of yarn and PDMS fibers through evaporation-induced flow and capillary-driven self-assembly, which is proven by the in situ optical microscopic observation. The density of Ag NWs and linear resistance of the conductive fibers could be regulated by tuning the assembly cycles. A linear resistance of 1.4[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]/cm could be achieved for the Ag NWs-coated nylon, which increases only 8% after 200 bending cycle, demonstrating high flexibility and mechanical stability. The flexible and stretchable conductive fibers have great potential for the application in wearable devices.

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Podsiadły, Bartłomiej, Piotr Walter, Michał Kamiński, Andrzej Skalski, and Marcin Słoma. "Electrically Conductive Nanocomposite Fibers for Flexible and Structural Electronics." Applied Sciences 12, no. 3 (January 18, 2022): 941. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12030941.

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The following paper presents a simple, low-cost, and repeatable manufacturing process for fabricating conductive, elastic carbon-elastomer nanocomposite fibers for applications in the textile industry and beyond. The presented method allows for the manufacturing of fibers with a diameter of 0.2 mm, containing up to 50 vol. % of graphite powder, 10 vol. % of CNT, and a mix of both fillers. As a result, resistivity below 0.2 Ωm for the 0.2 mm-diameter fibers was achieved. Additionally, conductive fibers are highly elastic, which makes them suitable for use in the textile industry as an element of circuits. The effect of strain on the change in resistance was also tested. Researches have shown that highly conductive fibers can withstand strain of up to 40%, with resistivity increasing nearly five times compared to the unstretched fiber. This research shows that the developed composites can also be used as strain sensors in textronic systems. Finally, functional demonstrators were made by directly sewing the developed fibers into a cotton fabric. First, the non-quantitative tests indicate the feasibility of using the composites as conductive fibers to power components in textronic systems and for bending detection.

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Xue, P., Xiao Ming Tao, and Keun Hoo Park. "Electrically Conductive Fibers/Yarns with Sensing Behavior from PVA and Carbon Black." Key Engineering Materials 462-463 (January 2011): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.462-463.18.

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In this study, electrical conductive yarns were prepared by wet-spinning technique and a physically coating process. Carbon black (CB) was used to make the fiber gaining electrical conductivity. The electrical conductivity and morphological characteristics of the developed conductive fibres were studied and compared. The results show that linear resistivity of the produced conductive yarns ranges from 1 to a few hundred kΩ per centimeter, mainly depending on processing technique and substrate fibers. It is also shown that the physically coating processes will not significantly affect the mechanical properties of the fibers and yarns. These conductive yarns are lightweight, durable, flexible, and cost competitive; and able to be crimped and subjected to textile processing without any difficulty.

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Ping, Bingyi, Zihang Zhang, Qiushi Liu, Minghao Li, Qingxiu Yang, and Rui Guo. "Liquid Metal Fibers with a Knitted Structure for Wearable Electronics." Biosensors 13, no. 7 (July 7, 2023): 715. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios13070715.

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Flexible conductive fibers have shown tremendous potential in diverse fields, including health monitoring, intelligent robotics, and human–machine interaction. Nevertheless, most conventional flexible conductive materials face challenges in meeting the high conductivity and stretchability requirements. In this study, we introduce a knitted structure of liquid metal conductive fibers. The knitted structure of liquid metal fiber significantly reduces the resistance variation under tension and exhibits favorable durability, as evidenced by the results of cyclic tensile testing, which indicate that their resistance only undergoes a slight increase (<3%) after 1300 cycles. Furthermore, we demonstrate the integration of these liquid metal fibers with various rigid electronic components, thereby facilitating the production of pliable LED arrays and intelligent garments for electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring. The LED array underwent a 30 min machine wash, during which it consistently retained its normal functionality. These findings evince the devices’ robust stable circuit functionality and water resistance that remain unaffected by daily human activities. The liquid metal knitted fibers offer great promise for advancing the field of flexible conductive fibers. Their exceptional electrical and mechanical properties, combined with compatibility with existing electronic components, open new possibilities for applications in the physiological signal detection of carriers, human–machine interaction, and large-area electronic skin.

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Jiang, Yanke, Meng Xu, and Vamsi K. Yadavalli. "Silk Fibroin-Sheathed Conducting Polymer Wires as Organic Connectors for Biosensors." Biosensors 9, no. 3 (August 28, 2019): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios9030103.

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Conductive polymers, owing to their tunable mechanical and electrochemical properties, are viable candidates to replace metallic components for the development of biosensors and bioelectronics. However, conducting fibers/wires fabricated from these intrinsically conductive and mechanically flexible polymers are typically produced without protective coatings for physiological environments. Providing sheathed conductive fibers/wires can open numerous opportunities for fully organic biodevices. In this work, we report on a facile method to fabricate core-sheath poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) PEDOT:PSS-silk fibroin conductive wires. The conductive wires are formed through a wet-spinning process, and then coated with an optically transparent, photocrosslinkable silk fibroin sheath for insulation and protection in a facile and scalable process. The sheathed fibers were evaluated for their mechanical and electrical characteristics and overall stability. These wires can serve as flexible connectors to an organic electrode biosensor. The entire, fully organic, biodegradable, and free-standing flexible biosensor demonstrated a high sensitivity and rapid response for the detection of ascorbic acid as a model analyte. The entire system can be proteolytically biodegraded in a few weeks. Such organic systems can therefore provide promising solutions to address challenges in transient devices and environmental sustainability.

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Jang, Jina, Haoyu Zhou, Jungbae Lee, Hakgae Kim, and Jung Bin In. "Heat Scanning for the Fabrication of Conductive Fibers." Polymers 13, no. 9 (April 26, 2021): 1405. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13091405.

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Conductive fibers are essential building blocks for implementing various functionalities in a textile platform that is highly conformable to mechanical deformation. In this study, two major techniques were developed to fabricate silver-deposited conductive fibers. First, a droplet-coating method was adopted to coat a nylon fiber with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and silver nanowires (AgNWs). While conventional dip coating uses a large ink pool and thus wastes coating materials, droplet-coating uses minimal quantities of silver ink by translating a small ink droplet along the nylon fiber. Secondly, the silver-deposited fiber was annealed by similarly translating a tubular heater along the fiber to induce sintering of the AgNPs and AgNWs. This heat-scanning motion avoids excessive heating and subsequent thermal damage to the nylon fiber. The effects of heat-scanning time and heater power on the fiber conductance were systematically investigated. A conductive fiber with a resistance as low as ~2.8 Ω/cm (0.25 Ω/sq) can be produced. Finally, it was demonstrated that the conductive fibers can be applied in force sensors and flexible interconnectors.

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Karahan Toprakçı, Hatice Aylin, Mukaddes Şeval Çetin, and Ozan Toprakçı. "Fabrication of Conductive Polymer Composites from Turkish Hemp-Derived Carbon Fibers and Thermoplastic Elastomers." Tekstil ve Mühendis 28, no. 121 (March 31, 2021): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.7216/1300759920212812104.

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In this study, carbon fibers filled flexible conductive polymer composites were fabricated. Turkish hemp was used to produce conductive carbon fibers. In order to do this, hemp fibers were carbonized under different conditions. After this step, flexible conductive composites were fabricated by using poly[styrene-b-(ethylene-co-butylene)-b-styrene] matrix and hemp-based carbon fibers. Composite films were produced by combination of solvent casting and hot pressing. Various levels of carbon fibers were used in order to determine the percolation behavior of the composites. Morphological and electrical properties of the composite films were analyzed. Electrical resistivity of the samples decreased by increasing the filler ratio.

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Xie, Juan, Menghe Miao, and Yongtang Jia. "Mechanism of Electrical Conductivity in Metallic Fiber-Based Yarns." Autex Research Journal 20, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aut-2019-0008.

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AbstractWe explore the conductive mechanism of yarns made from metallic fibers and/or traditional textile fibers. It has been proposed for the first time, to our knowledge, that probe span length plays a great role in the conductivity of metallic fiber-based yarns, which is determined by the probability and number of conductive fibers appearing on a cross section and their connecting on two neighboring sections in a yarn’s longitudinal direction. The results demonstrate that yarn conductivity is negatively influenced to a large extent by its length when metallic fibers are blended with other nonconductive materials, which is beyond the scope of conductivity theory for metal conductors. In addition, wicking and wetting performances, which interfere with fiber distribution and conductive paths between fibers, have been shown to have a negative influence on the conductivity of metallic fiber-based yarns with various structures and composed of different fiber materials. Such dependence of the conductivity on the probe span length, as well as on the moisture from air and human body, should get attention during investigation of the conductivity of metallic fiber-based composites in use, especially in cases in which conductive yarns are fabricated into flexible circuit boards, antennas, textile electrodes, and sensors.

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Wu, Yu, Sihao Zhou, Jie Yi, Dongsheng Wang, and Wen Wu. "Facile fabrication of flexible alginate/polyaniline/graphene hydrogel fibers for strain sensor." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 17 (January 2022): 155892502211146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15589250221114641.

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Continuous production of conductive hydrogel fibers has received extensive interests due to their wide application in strain sensors. In this paper, we report on the fabrication of continuous alginate/polyaniline/graphene hydrogel fibers by the in situ polymerization and wet spinning methods. The obtained hydrogel fiber with good flexibility, high water absorbability (11.37 g/g), proper resistivity (220 Ω·m ) and stable resistance changes at both low strain (10%) and high strain (20% and 50%) could be used as a working strain sensor for a wearable human movements monitor. The conductive alginate/polyaniline/graphene hydrogel fiber shows highly sensitive, flexible, and recoverable (90% retention after five cycles) properties when monitoring palm, elbow, and knee movements. This kind of hydrogel with high elasticity and high sensitivity provides a possibility for the preparation of electromechanical sensors.

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Liu, Wangcheng, Jinwen Zhang, and Hang Liu. "Conductive Bicomponent Fibers Containing Polyaniline Produced via Side-by-Side Electrospinning." Polymers 11, no. 6 (June 1, 2019): 954. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11060954.

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In this study, using a barbed Y-connector as the spinneret, camphoric acid (CSA) doped polyaniline (PANI) and polyethylene oxide (PEO) were electrospun into side-by-side bicomponent fibers. Fiber mats obtained from this side-by-side spinneret were compared with those mats electrospun from blended PEO and PANI in terms of fiber morphology, electrical conductivity, thermal stability, mechanical properties, and relative resistivity under tensile strain. The influence of different content ratio of insulating PEO (3/4/5 w/v% to solvent) and conductive PANI-CSA (1.5/2.5/3.5 w/v% to solvent) on the abovementioned properties was studied as well. Results showed that this side-by-side spinning was capable of overcoming the poor spinnability of PANI to produce fibers with PEO carrying PANI on the surface of the bicomponent fibers, which demonstrated higher electrical conductivity than blends. Although the addition of PANI deteriorated mechanical properties for both side-by-side and blended fibers when compared to the pure PEO fibers, the side-by-side fibers showed much better fiber strength and elongation than blends. In addition, the superior ductility and decent relative electrical resistivity of the side-by-side fibers imparted them great potential for flexible sensor applications.

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Huang, Fei, Jiyong Hu, and Xiong Yan. "Review of Fiber- or Yarn-Based Wearable Resistive Strain Sensors: Structural Design, Fabrication Technologies and Applications." Textiles 2, no. 1 (February 8, 2022): 81–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/textiles2010005.

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Flexible textile strain sensors that can be directly integrated into clothing have attracted much attention due to their great potential in wearable human health monitoring systems and human–computer interactions. Fiber- or yarn-based strain sensors are promising candidate materials for flexible and wearable electronics due to their light weights, good stretchability, high intrinsic and structural flexibility, and flexible integrability. This article investigates representative conductive materials, traditional and novel preparation methods and the structural design of fiber- or yarn-based resistive strain sensors as well as the interconnection and encapsulation of sensing fibers or yarns. In addition, this review summarizes the effects of the conductive materials, preparation strategy and structures on the crucial sensing performance. Discussions will be presented regarding the applications of fiber- or yarn-based resistive strain sensors. Finally, this article summarizes the bottleneck of current fiber- or yarn-based resistive strain sensors in terms of conductive materials, fabrication techniques, integration and performance, as well as scientific understanding, and proposes future research directions.

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Li, Yan, Hongwei Hu, Teddy Salim, Guanggui Cheng, Yeng Ming Lam, and Jianning Ding. "Flexible Wet-Spun PEDOT:PSS Microfibers Integrating Thermal-Sensing and Joule Heating Functions for Smart Textiles." Polymers 15, no. 16 (August 17, 2023): 3432. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15163432.

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Multifunctional fiber materials play a key role in the field of smart textiles. Temperature sensing and active thermal management are two important functions of smart fabrics, but few studies have combined both functions in a single fiber material. In this work, we demonstrate a temperature-sensing and in situ heating functionalized conductive polymer microfiber by exploiting its high electrical conductivity and thermoelectric properties. The conductive polymer microfibers were prepared by wet-spinning the PEDOT:PSS aqueous dispersion with ionic liquid additives, which was used to enhance the electrical and mechanical properties of the final microfibers. The thermoelectric properties of these microfibers were further studied. Due to their excellent flexibility and mechanical properties, these fibers can be easily integrated into commercial fabrics for the manufacture of smart textiles through knitting. We further demonstrated a smart glove with integrated temperature-sensing and in situ heating functions, and further explored thermoelectric fiber-based temperature-sensing array fabric. These works combine the thermoelectric properties and heating function of conductive polymer fibers, providing new insights that enable further development of high-performance, multifunctional wearable smart textiles.

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Liu, Xin, Zong Yi Qin, Xiao Lin Zhang, Long Chen, and Mei Fang Zhu. "Conductive Polypyrrole/Polyurethane Composite Fibers for Chloroform Gas Detection." Advanced Materials Research 750-752 (August 2013): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.750-752.55.

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Flexible conductive fibers were fabricated by in-situ chemical polymerization of pyrrole monomers on the surface of polyurethane (PU) fibers. Compact polypyrrole (PPy) surface layer were observed, and moreover, high structural stability of the composite fibers can be obtained due to interpenetrating interface formation and strong interaction between PPy layers and PU matrix. More importantly, the composite fibers exhibited high sensitivity with relative fast response and recovery time, and good reproducibility for chloroform vapor detection.

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Zhang, Jizhen, Shayan Seyedin, Si Qin, Zhiyu Wang, Sepehr Moradi, Fangli Yang, Peter A. Lynch, et al. "Highly Conductive Ti3C2TxMXene Hybrid Fibers for Flexible and Elastic Fiber-Shaped Supercapacitors." Small 15, no. 8 (January 17, 2019): 1804732. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smll.201804732.

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Tong, Yu-Long, Bin Xu, Xia-Fang Du, Heng-Yang Cheng, Cai-Feng Wang, Guan Wu, and Su Chen. "Microfluidic-Spinning-Directed Conductive Fibers toward Flexible Micro-Supercapacitors." Macromolecular Materials and Engineering 303, no. 6 (April 15, 2018): 1700664. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mame.201700664.

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Hong, Taekuk, Sang-Mi Jeong, Yong Kyu Choi, Taekyung Lim, and Sanghyun Ju. "Superhydrophobic, Elastic, and Conducting Polyurethane-Carbon Nanotube–Silane–Aerogel Composite Microfiber." Polymers 12, no. 8 (August 7, 2020): 1772. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12081772.

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Flexible fibers composed of a conductive material mixed with a polymer matrix are useful in wearable electronic devices. However, the presence of the conductive material often reduces the flexibility of the fiber, while the conductivity may be affected by environmental factors such as water and moisture. To address these issues, we developed a new conductive fiber by mixing carbon nanotubes (CNT) with a polyurethane (PU) matrix. A silane ((heptadecafluoro–1,1,2,2–tetra–hydrodecyl)trichlorosilane) was added to improve the strain value of the fiber from 155% to 228%. Moreover, silica aerogel particles were embedded on the fiber surface to increase the water contact angle (WCA) and minimize the effect of water on the conductivity of the fiber. As a result, the fabricated PU-CNT-silane-aerogel composite microfiber maintained a WCA of ~140° even after heating at 250 °C for 30 min. We expect this method of incorporating silane and aerogel to help the development of conductive fibers with high flexibility that are capable of stable operation in wet or humid environments.

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Chatterjee, Kony, Jordan Tabor, and Tushar K. Ghosh. "Electrically Conductive Coatings for Fiber-Based E-Textiles." Fibers 7, no. 6 (June 1, 2019): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fib7060051.

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With the advent of wearable electronic devices in our daily lives, there is a need for soft, flexible, and conformable devices that can provide electronic capabilities without sacrificing comfort. Electronic textiles (e-textiles) combine electronic capabilities of devices such as sensors, actuators, energy harvesting and storage devices, and communication devices with the comfort and conformability of conventional textiles. An important method to fabricate such devices is by coating conventionally used fibers and yarns with electrically conductive materials to create flexible capacitors, resistors, transistors, batteries, and circuits. Textiles constitute an obvious choice for deployment of such flexible electronic components due to their inherent conformability, strength, and stability. Coating a layer of electrically conducting material onto the textile can impart electronic capabilities to the base material in a facile manner. Such a coating can be done at any of the hierarchical levels of the textile structure, i.e., at the fiber, yarn, or fabric level. This review focuses on various electrically conducting materials and methods used for coating e-textile devices, as well as the different configurations that can be obtained from such coatings, creating a smart textile-based system.

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Chen, Mingxun. "Liquid metal based smart fiber sensor for human-computer interaction." E3S Web of Conferences 213 (2020): 03015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021303015.

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Flexible electronic devices based on liquid metal fibers have attracted the attention of many laboratories in the world due to their convenient use and characteristics of being able to be woven into flexible textiles or applied directly on the body surface. In this research, we utilized the liquid metal mixed with copper particles (Cu-EGaIn) as the outer conductive layer of stretchable fiber, developing a highperformance composite conductive fiber based on liquid metal. The composite conductive fiber has three layers: stretchable elastic fiber core; adhesion layer; liquid metal layer. Specifically, the stretchable elastic fiber core provides the high tensile property, the adhesion layer is used to hold the liquid metal on the fiber surface, and the liquid metal layer makes the fiber have a high electrical conductivity. This kind of fiber not only has the characteristic of high electrical conductivity of metal materials, but also can always maintain high electrical conductivity even in large-scale tensile state. Therefore, we developed a tension sensor based on liquid metal intelligent fiber for human-computer interaction.

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Zhang, Xiao Lin, Zong Yi Qin, and Long Chen. "Fabrication of Conductive Polypyrrole/Polyurethane Composite Fibers for Large Strain Sensing." Advanced Materials Research 482-484 (February 2012): 1142–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.482-484.1142.

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A kind of flexible, conductive polypyrrole–coated polyurethane (PPy/PU) fibers was fabricated by controlled chemical polymerization and its strain sensing ability was evaluated. The as-prepared fibers possessed high conductivity with a maximum value of 10-1 (Ω•cm)-1, and highly elastic nature of the PU matrix. It is further found that dense PPy layer was covered uniformly onto PU fiber surface, and an interpenetrating interface and strong hydrogen bonding interaction could be observed, which greatly benefited their high structural stability. More importantly, the composite fibers exhibited a wide strain deformation range up to 250% and high strain sensitivity of over 20 (at the large strain of 50%), and good reversible resistance response on cyclic force loading, which would open a high opportunity for fabricating strain sensing material in large volume for future smart device applications.

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Wei, Yong, Song Chen, Yong Lin, Xue Yuan, and Lan Liu. "Silver nanowires coated on cotton for flexible pressure sensors." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 4, no. 5 (2016): 935–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5tc03419a.

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Meng, Yuning, Lin Jin, Bin Cai, and Zhenling Wang. "Facile fabrication of flexible core–shell graphene/conducting polymer microfibers for fibriform supercapacitors." RSC Advances 7, no. 61 (2017): 38187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra06641d.

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We fabricated graphene core conductive polymer (PEDOT) shell fibers (GF@PEDOT). The unique cloth-like structure enabled the graphene fibers excellent electrochemical performance and greatly enhanced the flexibility.

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Krifa, Mourad. "Electrically Conductive Textile Materials—Application in Flexible Sensors and Antennas." Textiles 1, no. 2 (July 30, 2021): 239–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/textiles1020012.

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This paper reviews some prominent applications and approaches to developing smart fabrics for wearable technology. The importance of flexible and electrically conductive textiles in the emerging body-centric sensing and wireless communication systems is highlighted. Examples of applications are discussed with a focus on a range of textile-based sensors and antennas. Developments in alternative materials and structures for producing flexible and conductive textiles are reviewed, including inherently conductive polymers, carbon-based materials, and nano-enhanced composite fibers and fibrous structures.

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Wu, Songmei. "Recent Progress in Flexible Graphene-Based Composite Fiber Electrodes for Supercapacitors." Crystals 11, no. 12 (November 30, 2021): 1484. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11121484.

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Graphene has shown the world its fascinating properties, including high specific surface area, high conductivity, and extraordinary mechanical properties, which enable graphene to be a competent candidate for electrode materials. However, some challenges remain in the real applications of graphene-based electrodes, such as continuous preparation of graphene fibers with highly ordered graphene sheets as well as strong interlayer interactions. The combination of graphene with other materials or functional guests hence appears as a more promising pathway via post-treatment and in situ hybridism to produce composite fibers. This article firstly provides a full account of the classification of graphene-based composite fiber electrodes, including carbon allotropy, conductive polymer, metal oxide and other two-dimensional (2D) materials. The preparation methods of graphene-based composite fibers are then discussed in detail. The context further demonstrates the performance optimization of graphene-based composite fiber electrodes, involving microstructure design and surface modification, followed by the elaboration of the application of graphene-based composite fiber electrodes in supercapacitors. Finally, we present the remaining challenges that exist to date in order to provide meaningful guidelines in the development process and prospects of graphene-based composite fiber electrodes.

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Wang, Mingxu, Qiang Gao, Jiefeng Gao, Chunhong Zhu, and Kunlin Chen. "Core–shell PEDOT:PSS/SA composite fibers fabricated via a single-nozzle technique enable wearable sensor applications." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 8, no. 13 (2020): 4564–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9tc05527d.

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Core–shell PEDOT : PSS/SA composite fibers were prepared with a single-nozzle wet-spinning method. The flexible sensing fabric prepared by knitting the composite conductive fibers were used to monitor the various movement of human body.

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Li, Li, Chen Chen, Jing Xie, Zehuai Shao, and Fuxin Yang. "The Preparation of Carbon Nanotube/MnO2Composite Fiber and Its Application to Flexible Micro-Supercapacitor." Journal of Nanomaterials 2013 (2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/821071.

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In recent years, flexible electronic devices pursued for potential applications. The design and the fabrication of a novel flexible nanoarchitecture by coating electrical conductive MWCNT fiber with ultrathin films of MnO2to achieve high specific capacitance, for micro-supercapacitors electrode applications, are demonstrated here. The MWCNT/MnO2composite fiber electrode was prepared by the electrochemical deposition which was carried out through using two different methods: cyclic voltammetry and potentiostatic methods. The cyclic voltammetry method can get “crumpled paper ball” morphology MnO2which has bigger specific capacitances than that achieved by potentiostatic method. The flexible micro-supercapacitor was fabricated by twisting two aligned MWCNT fibers and showed an area specific capacitance of 2.43 mF/cm2. The flexible micro-supercapacitors also enable promising applications in various fields.

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Koenig, Kylie, Naveen Balakrishnan, Stefan Hermanns, Fabian Langensiepen, and Gunnar Seide. "Biobased Dyes as Conductive Additives to Reduce the Diameter of Polylactic Acid Fibers during Melt Electrospinning." Materials 13, no. 5 (February 27, 2020): 1055. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13051055.

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Electrospinning is widely used for the manufacture of fibers in the low-micrometer to nanometer range, allowing the fabrication of flexible materials with a high surface area. A distinction is made between solution and melt electrospinning. The former produces thinner fibers but requires hazardous solvents; whereas the latter is more environmentally sustainable because solvents are not required. However, the viscous melt requires high process temperatures and its low conductivity leads to thicker fibers. Here, we describe the first use of the biobased dyes alizarin; hematoxylin and quercetin as conductive additives to reduce the diameter of polylactic acid (PLA) fibers produced by melt electrospinning; combined with a biobased plasticizer to reduce the melt viscosity. The formation of a Taylor cone followed by continuous fiber deposition was observed for all PLA compounds; reducing the fiber diameter by up to 77% compared to pure PLA. The smallest average fiber diameter of 16.04 µm was achieved by adding 2% (w/w) hematoxylin. Comparative analysis revealed that the melt-electrospun fibers had a low degree of crystallinity compared to drawn filament controls—resembling partially oriented filaments. Our results form the basis of an economical and environmentally friendly process that could ultimately, provide an alternative to industrial solution electrospinning

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Zhang, Keliang, Xudong Zhang, Wen He, Wangning Xu, Guogang Xu, Xinli Yi, Xuena Yang, and Jiefang Zhu. "Rational design and kinetics study of flexible sodium-ion full batteries based on binder-free composite film electrodes." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 7, no. 16 (2019): 9890–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ta01026b.

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Jiang, Zhiping, Yue Shao, Peng Zhao, and Hong Wang. "Flexible heteroatom-doped graphitic hollow carbon fibers for ultrasensitive and reusable electric current sensing." Chemical Communications 55, no. 85 (2019): 12853–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cc06341b.

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Chhetry, Ashok, Hyosang Yoon, and Jae Yeong Park. "A flexible and highly sensitive capacitive pressure sensor based on conductive fibers with a microporous dielectric for wearable electronics." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 5, no. 38 (2017): 10068–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7tc02926h.

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Kong, Lushi, Guanchun Rui, Guangyu Wang, Rundong Huang, Ran Li, Jiajie Yu, Shengli Qi, and Dezhen Wu. "Preparation of Palladium/Silver-Coated Polyimide Nanotubes: Flexible, Electrically Conductive Fibers." Materials 10, no. 11 (November 2, 2017): 1263. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma10111263.

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Itoh, Toshihiro. "Continuous Process for Large-Area Flexible MEMS." Advances in Science and Technology 81 (September 2012): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.81.9.

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A novel fabrication process for large area flexible MEMS, having been developed in BEANS project, Japan, is introduced. The process consists of continuously high-speed coating for functional film materials, 3-D nano/micro-machining of the films on fibers, and weaving the functional fibers into large-area integration. In the coating process, functional materials, e.g., organic semiconductor, piezoelectric, conductor and insulator films could be formed on fibers with a speed of 20 m/min. In the 3-D nano/micro-machining, a compound reel-to-reel process system including both thermal roller imprint and photolithography functions was developed. In addition, the microfabrication of the 3-D exposure module and the spray deposition of thin resist films on the fibers were demonstrated. For the weaving assembly, a round-projection microspring contact structure was developed for the electrical contact between weft and warp fibers in a large area of woven textile. Evaluation of the durability showed that the microspring contact structures made of silicon elastomer and PEDOT:PSS are applicable to a movable contact. Weaving assembly process was verified by prototyping 1 × 1 m² or larger flexible touch sensor sheets using functional fibers with organic insulating/conductive films.

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Zhang, Junze, Jing Liu, Zeyu Zhao, Di Huang, Chao Chen, Zhaozhu Zheng, Chenxi Fu, et al. "A facile scalable conductive graphene-coated Calotropis gigantea yarn." Cellulose 29, no. 6 (March 1, 2022): 3545–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10570-022-04475-z.

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AbstractGraphene-functionalized fibers have attracted substantial attention due to their potential applications in flexible wearable electronics. However, these conventional conductive materials face difficulties in mass production, which limits their large-scale fabrication. In this paper, we report a graphene-coated Calotropis gigantea yarn by pad dyeing with graphene oxide and a reduction process, which endows it with high conductivity, outstanding conducting stability, and scale production capacity. By optimizing the dyeing parameters, the modified yarns display a high electrical conductivity of 6.9 S/m. Range analysis results indicate that the electrical conductivity of the graphene-coated yarns exhibits a strong dependence on the concentration of graphene oxide and pad dyeing cycles. The hydrogen bonding between the fiber and graphene during the dyeing process renders the functionalized yarns stable conductivity to washing and bending. Based on the simple fabrication process and fascinating performance, the graphene-coated yarn show great potential in facile scale production of conductive yarns.

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Goncu-Berk, Gozde. "3D Printing of Conductive Flexible Filaments for E-Textile Applications." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1266, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 012001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1266/1/012001.

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Electronic textiles (e-textiles) can incorporate conductive materials at all levels of integration, from fibers to yarns to fabric itself. There are many ways to connect the textile elements to electronic components with interconnect mechanisms from mechanical gripping to welding, to gluing, to printing, to embroidery, knitting, and weaving. 3D printing method offers the possibility of creating flexible and stretchable interconnects for e-textiles applications. This study explored 3D printing of flexible conductive filaments on fabric to create interconnects for hard electrical components as well as transmission lines and switches for electronic textile applications. NinjaTek Eel and Palmiga TPU based conductive filaments were printed on polyester knit fabric. Electrical characterization measurements as well as visual and haptic analysis of printed samples were conducted. The results showed that TPU based flexible conductive filaments offer possibilities of direct 3D printing onto textiles for electronic textile applications.

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Ago, Mariko, Maryam Borghei, Johannes S. Haataja, and Orlando J. Rojas. "Mesoporous carbon soft-templated from lignin nanofiber networks: microphase separation boosts supercapacitance in conductive electrodes." RSC Advances 6, no. 89 (2016): 85802–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra17536h.

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Lignin was used to fabricate electrospun fibers with mesopores from a PVA precursor (soft templating). The resultant carbon mat was flexible, conductive and displayed supercapacitance, a remarkable property in a biomass-derived electrode.

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Lee, Hee Uk, Chulhwan Park, and Jae Yeong Park. "Highly conductive and flexible chitosan based multi-wall carbon nanotube/polyurethane composite fibers." RSC Advances 6, no. 3 (2016): 2149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra23791b.

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Probst, Henriette, Konrad Katzer, Andreas Nocke, Rico Hickmann, Martina Zimmermann, and Chokri Cherif. "Melt Spinning of Highly Stretchable, Electrically Conductive Filament Yarns." Polymers 13, no. 4 (February 16, 2021): 590. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13040590.

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Electrically conductive fibers are required for various applications in modern textile technology, e.g., the manufacturing of smart textiles and fiber composite systems with textile-based sensor and actuator systems. According to the state of the art, fine copper wires, carbon rovings, or metallized filament yarns, which offer very good electrical conductivity but low mechanical elongation capabilities, are primarily used for this purpose. However, for applications requiring highly flexible textile structures, as, for example, in the case of wearable smart textiles and fiber elastomer composites, the development of electrically conductive, elastic yarns is of great importance. Therefore, highly stretchable thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) was compounded with electrically conductive carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and subsequently melt spun. The melt spinning technology had to be modified for the processing of highly viscous TPU–CNT compounds with fill levels of up to 6 wt.% CNT. The optimal configuration was achieved at a CNT content of 5 wt.%, providing an electrical resistance of 110 Ωcm and an elongation at break of 400%.

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Wang, Xiangdong, Xiaoyu Wang, Menghan Pi, and Rong Ran. "High-strength, highly conductive and woven organic hydrogel fibers for flexible electronics." Chemical Engineering Journal 428 (January 2022): 131172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2021.131172.

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Yuan, Yanan, Yangyang Xiao, Zhixin Jia, Lingyun Li, Donglan Sun, Hongfeng Zhang, Na Tang, and Xiaocong Wang. "Facile Synthesis of Flexible Hollow Conductive Polyaniline Composite Fibers from Willow Catkins." Journal of Natural Fibers 17, no. 10 (February 20, 2019): 1479–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15440478.2019.1579691.

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Kim, Young Ju, Ji Sub Hwang, Bui Xuan Khuyen, Bui Son Tung, Ki Won Kim, Joo Yull Rhee, Liang-Yao Chen, and YoungPak Lee. "Flexible ultrathin metamaterial absorber for wide frequency band, based on conductive fibers." Science and Technology of Advanced Materials 19, no. 1 (October 15, 2018): 711–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14686996.2018.1527170.

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Maillaud, Laurent, Robert J. Headrick, Vida Jamali, Julien Maillaud, Dmitri E. Tsentalovich, Wilfrid Neri, E. Amram Bengio, et al. "Highly Concentrated Aqueous Dispersions of Carbon Nanotubes for Flexible and Conductive Fibers." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 57, no. 10 (February 22, 2018): 3554–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.7b03973.

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Zhu, Chuang, Xinyi Guan, Xi Wang, Yi Li, Evelyn Chalmers, and Xuqing Liu. "Mussel‐Inspired Flexible, Durable, and Conductive Fibers Manufacturing for Finger‐Monitoring Sensors." Advanced Materials Interfaces 6, no. 1 (November 20, 2018): 1801547. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/admi.201801547.

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Li, Jin Liang, and Li Ping Zhu. "Intelligent Quilt Based on Conductive Textile Materials, Smart Flexible Sensors, and Composite Charging Technology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 607 (July 2014): 926–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.607.926.

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In this paper, domestic and foreign progress and some of the results obtained in the field of conductive textile research are introduced. An intelligent quilt concept is conceived. The intelligent quilt is made from natural plant improved by genetic technology. It has certain “conductivity”, which is not necessarily the true current conduction, but may be the conduction of some weak “unique signal” sent out by some specially bred textile fibers organization. The research results of flexible sensor are applied to trace gas detection in the intelligent quilt. Also, new energy supply strategy with combination of. Bioenergy technologies and other energy are employed. The proposed intelligent quilt may be applied to the monitoring biochemical and autonomic parameters of the human body and provide helpful suggestions on people’s health status.

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Zhang, Luman, Xuan Zhang, Jian Wang, David Seveno, Jan Fransaer, Jean-Pierre Locquet, and Jin Won Seo. "Carbon Nanotube Fibers Decorated with MnO2 for Wire-Shaped Supercapacitor." Molecules 26, no. 11 (June 7, 2021): 3479. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26113479.

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Fibers made from CNTs (CNT fibers) have the potential to form high-strength, lightweight materials with superior electrical conductivity. CNT fibers have attracted great attention in relation to various applications, in particular as conductive electrodes in energy applications, such as capacitors, lithium-ion batteries, and solar cells. Among these, wire-shaped supercapacitors demonstrate various advantages for use in lightweight and wearable electronics. However, making electrodes with uniform structures and desirable electrochemical performances still remains a challenge. In this study, dry-spun CNT fibers from CNT carpets were homogeneously loaded with MnO2 nanoflakes through the treatment of KMnO4. These functionalized fibers were systematically characterized in terms of their morphology, surface and mechanical properties, and electrochemical performance. The resulting MnO2–CNT fiber electrode showed high specific capacitance (231.3 F/g) in a Na2SO4 electrolyte, 23 times higher than the specific capacitance of the bare CNT fibers. The symmetric wire-shaped supercapacitor composed of CNT–MnO2 fiber electrodes and a PVA/H3PO4 electrolyte possesses an energy density of 86 nWh/cm and good cycling performance. Combined with its light weight and high flexibility, this CNT-based wire-shaped supercapacitor shows promise for applications in flexible and wearable energy storage devices.

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He, Kun, Pu Xie, Chengkui Zu, Yanhang Wang, Baoying Li, Bin Han, Min Zhi Rong, and Ming Qiu Zhang. "A facile and scalable process to synthesize flexible lithium ion conductive glass-ceramic fibers." RSC Advances 9, no. 8 (2019): 4157–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ra08401g.

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Li, Bo, Jianli Cheng, Zhuanpei Wang, Yinchuan Li, Wei Ni, and Bin Wang. "Highly-wrinkled reduced graphene oxide-conductive polymer fibers for flexible fiber-shaped and interdigital-designed supercapacitors." Journal of Power Sources 376 (February 2018): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.11.076.

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Rahman, Mohammad Jellur, and Tetsu Mieno. "Conductive Cotton Textile from Safely Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes." Journal of Nanomaterials 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/978484.

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Electroconductive cotton textile has been prepared by a simple dipping-drying coating technique using safely functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (f-MWCNTs). Owing to the surface functional groups, thef-MWCNTs become strongly attached with the cotton fibers forming network armors on their surfaces. As a result, the textile exhibits enhanced electrical properties with improved thermal conductivity and therefore is demonstrated as a flexible electrothermal heating element. The fabricatedf-MWCNTs/cotton textile can be heated uniformly from room temperature toca. 100°C within few minutes depending on the applied voltage. The textile shows good thermal stability and repeatability during a long-term heating test.

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Hupfer, Maximilian Lutz, Annett Gawlik, Jan Dellith, and Jonathan Plentz. "Aluminum-Doped Zinc Oxide Improved by Silver Nanowires for Flexible, Semitransparent and Conductive Electrodes on Textile with High Temperature Stability." Materials 16, no. 11 (May 25, 2023): 3961. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16113961.

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In order to facilitate the design freedom for the implementation of textile-integrated electronics, we seek flexible transparent conductive electrodes (TCEs) that can withstand not only the mechanical stresses encountered during use but also the thermal stresses of post-treatment. The transparent conductive oxides (TCO) typically used for this purpose are rigid in comparison to the fibers or textiles they are intended to coat. In this paper, a TCO, specifically aluminum-doped zinc oxide (Al:ZnO), is combined with an underlying layer of silver nanowires (Ag-NW). This combination brings together the advantages of a closed, conductive Al:ZnO layer and a flexible Ag-NW layer, forming a TCE. The result is a transparency of 20–25% (within the 400–800 nm range) and a sheet resistance of 10 Ω/sq that remains almost unchanged, even after post-treatment at 180 °C.

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Lai, Xiaoxu, Ronghui Guo, Hongyan Xiao, Jianwu Lan, Shouxiang Jiang, Ce Cui, and Wenfeng Qin. "Flexible conductive copper/reduced graphene oxide coated PBO fibers modified with poly(dopamine)." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 788 (June 2019): 1169–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.02.296.

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Lu, Ying, Jianwei Jiang, Sanghyuk Park, Dong Wang, Longhai Piao, and Jinkwon Kim. "Wet‐Spinning Fabrication of Flexible Conductive Composite Fibers from Silver Nanowires and Fibroin." Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society 41, no. 2 (January 8, 2020): 162–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bkcs.11945.

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Ruhunage, Chethani, Vaishnavi Dhawan, Chaminda P. Nawarathne, Abdul Hoque, Xinyan Tracy Cui, and Noe T. Alvarez. "Evaluation of Polymer-Coated Carbon Nanotube Flexible Microelectrodes for Biomedical Applications." Bioengineering 10, no. 6 (May 26, 2023): 647. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10060647.

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The demand for electrically insulated microwires and microfibers in biomedical applications is rapidly increasing. Polymer protective coatings with high electrical resistivity, good chemical resistance, and a long shelf-life are critical to ensure continuous device operation during chronic applications. As soft and flexible electrodes can minimize mechanical mismatch between tissues and electronics, designs based on flexible conductive microfibers, such as carbon nanotube (CNT) fibers, and soft polymer insulation have been proposed. In this study, a continuous dip-coating approach was adopted to insulate meters-long CNT fibers with hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber (HNBR), a soft and rubbery insulating polymer. Using this method, 4.8 m long CNT fibers with diameters of 25–66 µm were continuously coated with HNBR without defects or interruptions. The coated CNT fibers were found to be uniform, pinhole free, and biocompatible. Furthermore, the HNBR coating had better high-temperature tolerance than conventional insulating materials. Microelectrodes prepared using the HNBR-coated CNT fibers exhibited stable electrochemical properties, with a specific impedance of 27.0 ± 9.4 MΩ µm2 at 1.0 kHz and a cathodal charge storage capacity of 487.6 ± 49.8 mC cm−2. Thus, the developed electrodes express characteristics that made them suitable for use in implantable medical devices for chronic in vivo applications.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Flexible conductive fibers'

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