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Academic literature on the topic 'FLEXIBLE BIOSENSOR'

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Published: 11 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "FLEXIBLE BIOSENSOR"

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Shin, Minkyu, Jinho Yoon, Chanyong Yi, Taek Lee, and Jeong-Woo Choi. "Flexible HIV-1 Biosensor Based on the Au/MoS2 Nanoparticles/Au Nanolayer on the PET Substrate." Nanomaterials 9, no. 8 (July 26, 2019): 1076. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9081076.

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An electrochemical flexible biosensor composed of gold (Au), molybdenum disulfide nanoparticles (MoS2 NPs), and Au (Au/MoS2/Au nanolayer) on the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate is developed to detect envelope glycoprotein GP120 (gp120), the surface protein of HIV-1. To fabricate the nanolayer on the PET substrate, Au is sputter coated on the flexible PET substrate and MoS2 NPs are spin coated on Au, which is sputter coated once again with Au. The gp120 antibody is then immobilized on this flexible electrode through cysteamine (Cys) modified on the surface of the Au/MoS2/Au nanolayer. Fabrication of the biosensor is verified by atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and cyclic voltammetry. A flexibility test is done using a micro-fatigue tester. Detection of the gp120 is measured by square wave voltammetry. The results indicate that the prepared biosensor detects 0.1 pg/mL of gp120, which is comparable with previously reported gp120 biosensors prepared even without flexibility. Therefore, the proposed biosensor supports the development of a nanomaterial-based flexible sensing platform for highly sensitive biosensors with flexibility for wearable device application.
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Wang, Yi, Tong Li, Yangfeng Li, Rong Yang, and Guangyu Zhang. "2D-Materials-based Wearable Biosensor Systems." Biosensors 12, no. 11 (October 27, 2022): 936. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios12110936.

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As an evolutionary success in life science, wearable biosensor systems, which can monitor human health information and quantify vital signs in real time, have been actively studied. Research in wearable biosensor systems is mainly focused on the design of sensors with various flexible materials. Among them, 2D materials with excellent mechanical, optical, and electrical properties provide the expected characteristics to address the challenges of developing microminiaturized wearable biosensor systems. This review summarizes the recent research progresses in 2D-materials-based wearable biosensors including e-skin, contact lens sensors, and others. Then, we highlight the challenges of flexible power supply technologies for smart systems. The latest advances in biosensor systems involving wearable wristbands, diabetic patches, and smart contact lenses are also discussed. This review will enable a better understanding of the design principle of 2D biosensors, offering insights into innovative technologies for future biosensor systems toward their practical applications.
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Fallatah, Ahmad, Nicolas Kuperus, Mohammed Almomtan, and Sonal Padalkar. "Sensitive Biosensor Based on Shape-Controlled ZnO Nanostructures Grown on Flexible Porous Substrate for Pesticide Detection." Sensors 22, no. 9 (May 5, 2022): 3522. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22093522.

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Developing an inexpensive, sensitive, and point-of-use biosensor for pesticide detection is becoming an important area in sensing. Such sensors can be used in food packaging, agricultural fields, and environmental monitoring of pesticides. The present investigation has developed a zinc oxide (ZnO)-based biosensor on porous, flexible substrates such as carbon paper and carbon cloth to detect organophosphates such as paraoxon (OP). Here, the influence of morphology and underlying substrate on biosensor performance was studied. The biosensors were fabricated by immobilizing the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme on ZnO, which is directly grown on the flexible substrates. The ZnO biosensors fabricated on the carbon cloth demonstrated good performance with the detection limit of OP in the range of 0.5 nM–5 µM, higher sensitivity, and greater stability.
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Yu, Wei, Pei Jie Cai, Rui Liu, Fang Ping Shen, and Ting Zhang. "A Flexible Ultrasensitive IgG-Modified rGO-Based FET Biosensor Fabricated by Aerosol Jet Printing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 748 (April 2015): 157–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.748.157.

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High-performance biosensors are the key elements for rapid and real-time detection of specific biomolecules. Herein, an ultrasensitive FET biosensor on a flexible polymer substrate was reported, and the aerosol jet printing (AJP) method offers a unique way for low-cost mass manufacturing of the flexible sensors. The stable PBA functionalized rGO layer and the goat-anti-rabbit IgG layer on the rGO were both printed by AJP method between the source/drain electrodes. The flexibe biosensors exposure to low concentrations of target rabbit IgG showed dramatic increase in the source-drain current, which exhibited great sensing performance with the lowest detection limit of 13 fM.
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Nan, Minghui, Bobby Aditya Darmawan, Gwangjun Go, Shirong Zheng, Junhyeok Lee, Seokjae Kim, Taeksu Lee, Eunpyo Choi, Jong-Oh Park, and Doyeon Bang. "Wearable Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance-Based Biosensor with Highly Sensitive and Direct Detection of Cortisol in Human Sweat." Biosensors 13, no. 2 (January 24, 2023): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios13020184.

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Wearable biosensors have the potential for developing individualized health evaluation and detection systems owing to their ability to provide continuous real-time physiological data. Among various wearable biosensors, localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)-based wearable sensors can be versatile in various practical applications owing to their sensitive interactions with specific analytes. Understanding and analyzing endocrine responses to stress is particularly crucial for evaluating human performance, diagnosing stress-related diseases, and monitoring mental health, as stress takes a serious toll on physiological health and psychological well-being. Cortisol is an essential biomarker of stress because of the close relationship between cortisol concentration in the human body and stress level. In this study, a flexible LSPR biosensor was manufactured to detect cortisol levels in the human body by depositing gold nanoparticle (AuNP) layers on a 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES)-functionalized poly (dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) substrate. Subsequently, an aptamer was immobilized on the surface of the LSPR substrate, enabling highly sensitive and selective cortisol capture owing to its specific cortisol recognition. The biosensor exhibited excellent detection ability in cortisol solutions of various concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 1000 nM with a detection limit of 0.1 nM. The flexible LSPR biosensor also demonstrated good stability under various mechanical deformations. Furthermore, the cortisol levels of the flexible LSPR biosensor were also measured in the human epidermis before and after exercise as well as in the morning and afternoon. Our biosensors, which combine easily manufactured flexible sensors with sensitive cortisol-detecting molecules to measure human stress levels, could be versatile candidates for human-friendly products.
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Nolan, James K., Tran N. H. Nguyen, Khanh Vy H. Le, Luke E. DeLong, and Hyowon Lee. "Simple Fabrication of Flexible Biosensor Arrays Using Direct Writing for Multianalyte Measurement from Human Astrocytes." SLAS TECHNOLOGY: Translating Life Sciences Innovation 25, no. 1 (November 26, 2019): 33–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2472630319888442.

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Simultaneous measurements of glucose, lactate, and neurotransmitters (e.g., glutamate) in cell culture over hours and days can provide a more dynamic and longitudinal perspective on ways neural cells respond to various drugs and environmental cues. Compared with conventional microfabrication techniques, direct writing of conductive ink is cheaper, faster, and customizable, which allows rapid iteration for different applications. Using a simple direct writing technique, we printed biosensor arrays onto cell culture dishes, flexible laminate, and glass to enable multianalyte monitoring. The ink was a composite of PEDOT:PSS conductive polymer, silicone, activated carbon, and Pt microparticles. We applied 0.5% Nafion to the biosensors for selectivity and functionalized them with oxidase enzymes. We characterized biosensors in phosphate-buffered saline and in cell culture medium supplemented with fetal bovine serum. The biosensor arrays measured glucose, lactate, and glutamate simultaneously and continued to function after incubation in cell culture at 37 °C for up to 2 days. We cultured primary human astrocytes on top of the biosensor arrays and placed arrays into astrocyte cultures. The biosensors simultaneously measured glucose, glutamate, and lactate from astrocyte cultures. Direct writing can be integrated with microfluidic organ-on-a-chip platforms or as part of a smart culture dish system. Because we print extrudable and flexible components, sensing elements can be printed on any 3D or flexible substrate.
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Khosravi, Safoora, Saeid Soltanian, Amir Servati, Ali Khademhosseini, Yangzhi Zhu, and Peyman Servati. "Screen-Printed Textile-Based Electrochemical Biosensor for Noninvasive Monitoring of Glucose in Sweat." Biosensors 13, no. 7 (June 27, 2023): 684. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios13070684.

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Wearable sweat biosensors for noninvasive monitoring of health parameters have attracted significant attention. Having these biosensors embedded in textile substrates can provide a convenient experience due to their soft and flexible nature that conforms to the skin, creating good contact for long-term use. These biosensors can be easily integrated with everyday clothing by using textile fabrication processes to enhance affordable and scalable manufacturing. Herein, a flexible electrochemical glucose sensor that can be screen-printed onto a textile substrate has been demonstrated. The screen-printed textile-based glucose biosensor achieved a linear response in the range of 20–1000 µM of glucose concentration and high sensitivity (18.41 µA mM−1 cm−2, R2 = 0.996). In addition, the biosensors show high selectivity toward glucose among other interfering analytes and excellent stability over 30 days of storage. The developed textile-based biosensor can serve as a platform for monitoring bio analytes in sweat, and it is expected to impact the next generation of wearable devices.
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Liu, Mingyang, Muqun Yang, Muxue Wang, Han Wang, and Jing Cheng. "A Flexible Dual-Analyte Electrochemical Biosensor for Salivary Glucose and Lactate Detection." Biosensors 12, no. 4 (March 31, 2022): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios12040210.

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Electrochemical biosensors have been widely applied in the development of metabolite detection systems for disease management. However, conventional intravenous and fingertip blood tests are invasive and cannot track dynamic trends of multiple metabolites. Among various body fluids, saliva can be easily accessed and is regarded as a promising candidate for non-invasive metabolite detection. Recent works on the development of electrochemical biosensors for monitoring salivary metabolites have demonstrated high sensitivity and wide linear range. However, most of this research has been focused on salivary detection of a single metabolite. Here, we present a dual-channel electrochemical biosensor for simultaneous detection of lactate and glucose in saliva based on a flexible screen-printed electrode with two working electrodes. The sensitivities of glucose and lactate channels were 18.7 μA/(mM·cm2) and 21.8 μA/(mM·cm2), respectively. The dual-channel biosensor exhibited wide linear ranges of 0–1500 μM for the glucose channel and 0–2000 μM for the lactate channel and the cross-talk between the two detection channels was negligible, which made it adequately suitable for sensing low-level salivary metabolites. Such attractive characteristics demonstrate the potential of this dual-analyte biosensor in the development of wearable devices for monitoring disease progression and fitness.
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Shalannanda, Wervyan, Ardianto Satriawan, Muhammad Fairuziko Nurrajab, Anchelmia Chyntia Hanna Ayulestari, Diah Ayu Safitri, Finna Alivia Nabila, Casi Setianingsih, and Isa Anshori. "Biosensors for therapeutic drug monitoring: a review." F1000Research 12 (February 13, 2023): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.130863.1.

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Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is a crucial and essential step for patient care when an accurate medication dosage is necessary. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and immunoassays are commonly used methods for TDM, but they are expensive and incapable of real-time monitoring. Biosensor technology is believed to have the potential to perform TDM effectively. Biosensors are flexible and can be tailored to individual patient needs. This article reviews the development of biosensors for TDM, including the types of biosensors that have been fabricated and the drugs they have successfully monitored. Biosensor technology is expected to have a bright future, particularly for real-time monitoring and integration with internet of things (IoT) systems.
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Masurkar, Nirul, Sundeep Varma, and Leela Mohana Reddy Arava. "Supported and Suspended 2D Material-Based FET Biosensors." Electrochem 1, no. 3 (July 23, 2020): 260–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electrochem1030017.

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Field Effect Transistor (FET)-based electrochemical biosensor is gaining a lot of interest due to its malleability with modern fabrication technology and the ease at which it can be integrated with modern digital electronics. To increase the sensitivity and response time of the FET-based biosensor, many semiconducting materials have been categorized, including 2 dimensional (2D) nanomaterials. These 2D materials are easy to fabricate, increase sensitivity due to the atomic layer, and are flexible for a range of biomolecule detection. Due to the atomic layer of 2D materials each device requires a supporting substrate to fabricate a biosensor. However, uneven morphology of supporting substrate leads to unreliable output from every device due to scattering effect. This review summarizes advances in 2D material-based electrochemical biosensors both in supporting and suspended configurations by using different atomic monolayer, and presents the challenges involved in supporting substrate-based 2D biosensors. In addition, we also point out the advantages of nanomaterials over bulk materials in the biosensor domain.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "FLEXIBLE BIOSENSOR"

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Arkhangelskiy, Artem. "Plasma-Assisted Deposition of Natural Polymers for Flexible Biosensor Applications." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/11572/362102.

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Flexible biosensors have gained increased attention in the scientific and medical community in the last decades. They provide an easy and fast way of monitoring the physiological condition of the human body, collecting and analyzing different types of data according to their location. Flexible biosensors for health monitoring can be distinguished into 2 categories: implantable biosensors and wearable devices. Temperature, contraction, elongation, pressure, and motion together with a wide range of physiological metabolites, including lactate, cortisol, and other tiny ions can be measured from sweat or tears using biosensors attached to the skin. On the other side, for the detection of (bio)chemical analytes within the body, such as metabolites, proteins, and biomarkers, the implantable biosensor should be in contact with the biological environment, such as the surface of organs, the endothelial walls of veins, the brain connections together with the internal physiological fluids (blood, saliva, or cerebrospinal fluid). Flexibility and stretchability are the key characteristics of flexible biosensors, which enable adaptability to the physical dynamics and non-rigid environment of the human body and enhance the interaction between analytes and sensing elements. Moreover, specific applications require implantable or wearable biosensors to provide a high level of biocompatibility and also biodegradability together with the essential requirements of biosensors, such as accuracy, selectivity, sensitivity, repeatability, and stability. Biocompatibility is essential for both types of flexible biosensors to prevent any kinds of inflammation or adverse reaction of the device, while biodegradability is necessary for implantable biosensors to avoid additional surgical intervention to remove the device from the body. To fulfill these requirements (flexibility, biodegradability, and biocompatibility), a diverse set of biocompatible and biodegradable polymers from synthetic and natural origins have been proposed for flexible biosensor production. Despite the advantages of synthetic polymers in terms of processing, stability, and mechanical properties, natural polymers are preferable for many applications due to their enhanced bioactivity, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. Among natural polymers, chitosan and silk fibroin have been widely investigated for biosensor production due to their remarkable properties, such as nontoxicity, and immunological activity. Different production approaches, from a thin coating deposition to the production of relatively big solid constructs, have been applied to natural polymers in order to achieve the necessary structure complexity for the realization of the biosensor structure. Generally, for flexible biosensors biopolymers have been proceeded into a film/layer/coating configuration as flexible substrates, electroactive (sensing) parts, or insulating layer. Despite the progress in the fabrication processes, the continuous evolution of flexible biosensors from 2-3 layered structures into multilayers structures requires the development of novel deposition/production methods for natural polymers in order to provide a high level of adhesion between layers, stability, and patterning capabilities. One of the possibilities is to use atmospheric plasma technologies, especially atmospheric pressure plasma jet (torch) (APPJ), that have been investigated for different types of biomedical applications. The increased attention got plasma processes related to surface cleaning, modification, and film formation. The combination of etching and deposition might allow the formation of the desired sensor structure. Moreover, cold plasma provides mild and technological processes at room temperature, with low changes in material properties. The core of the thesis is to develop novel deposition methods for the production of flexible biosensors. A special focus is put on the plasma- assisted deposition of silk fibroin and chitosan, representing 2 different natural polymers structures, proteins, and polysaccharides respectively, for a wide range of applications: bioactive coatings with enhanced adhesion and stability with no need for pre or post-treatment steps; layered biofilms with the ability to control and guide cell behavior; PEDOT:PSS electroactive coatings for the realization of biosensor layered structures.
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Tur, García Eva. "Development of a flexible biosensor for the monitoring of lactate in human sweat for its medical use in pressure ischemia." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2014. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/9254.

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Pressure ischemia is a medical condition characterised by the necrosis of the skin and underlying tissues in body areas exposed to prolonged pressure. This condition leads to the development of bedsores and affects 9% of hospitalised patients, costing the NHS between £1.4 and £2.1 billion per year. The severity of pressure ischemia has been linked to the concentration of sweat lactate, a product of sweat gland metabolism under anaerobic conditions, such as hypoxia. Normal levels of lactate in human sweat are 20±7 mM, but under ischemic conditions these can rise up to approximately 70 mM. This project presents the development of a novel flexible electrochemical enzyme-based biosensor for the continuous and non-invasive monitoring of sweat lactate with the potential for becoming a body-worn device for the early detection of pressure ischemia onset. The core of the recognition system is a flexible laminate, comprising two highly porous polycarbonate membranes, which provide support for the lactate oxidase enzyme, immobilised via covalent cross-linking. Oxidation of lactate produces H2O2, which is subsequently determined electrochemically. The transducer comprises a two-electrode system on a single flexible polycarbonate membrane, sputter-coated with gold (CE/RE) and platinum (WE) to render it conductive. The developed design has been improved through investigation into different factors regarding the immobilisation method of the enzyme in the laminate and the lowering of interferences from oxidising compounds present in sweat. The sensing system exhibits lactate selectivity at physiologically relevant concentrations in sweat for pressure ischemia (0–70 mM), with good reproducibility (7.2–12.2% RSD) for a hand-manufactured device. The reliability of the sensor’s performance and the capability to detect lactate fluctuations on human sweat samples has been demonstrated. The sensing system showed excellent operational and mechanical stability. The application of Nafion® on the WE lowered interferences from ascorbic acid and uric acid by 96.7 and 81.7% respectively. These results show promise towards the further development of a body-­‐worn monitoring device for determining lactate levels in undiluted human sweat samples in a reproducible, fast and accurate manner.
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Geitmann, Matthis. "Biosensor Studies of Ligand Interactions with Structurally Flexible Enzymes : Applications for Antiviral Drug Development." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskaplig biokemi, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-5797.

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The use of a surface plasmon biosensor fills a missing link in kinetic studies of enzymes, since it measures directly the interaction between biomolecules and allows determination of parameters that are determined only indirectly in activity assays. The present thesis deals with kinetic and dynamic aspects of ligand binding to two viral enzymes: the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) protease and the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase (HIV-1 RT). The improved description of interactions presented herein will contribute to the discovery and development of antiviral drugs. The biosensor method provided new insights into the interaction between serine proteases and a peptide substrate, as well as substrate-induced conformational changes of the enzymes. The direct binding assay served as a tool for characterising the binding mechanism of HCMV protease inhibitors. Kinetic details of the interaction between HIV-1 RT and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) were unravelled. The recorded sensorgrams revealed several forms of complexity. A general binding model for the analysis was derived from the data, describing a two-state mechanism for the enzyme and a high- and a low-affinity interaction with the inhibitor. Interaction kinetic constants were determined for the clinically used NNRTIs and several investigational inhibitors. The established method was applied to investigate the mechanism of resistance against NNRTIs. Amino acid substitutions in the NNRTI-binding site resulted in both decreased association rates and increased dissociation rates for the inhibitors. The K103N and the L100I substitution also interfered with the formation of the binding site, thereby facilitating inhibitor binding and unbinding. Finally, thermodynamic analysis revealed that, despite the hydrophobic character of the interaction, NNRTI binding was mainly enthalpy-driven at equilibrium. Large entropy contributions in the association and dissociation indicated that binding is associated with a dynamic effect in the enzyme.
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Zhang, Panpan, Sheng Yang, Roberto Pineda-Gómez, Bergoi Ibarlucea, Ji Ma, Martin R. Lohe, Teuku Fawzul Akbar, Larysa Baraban, Gianaurelio Cuniberti, and Xinliang Feng. "Electrochemically Exfoliated High-Quality 2H-MoS₂ for Multiflake Thin Film Flexible Biosensors." Wiley-VCH, 2019. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A73171.

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2D molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) gives a new inspiration for the field of nanoelectronics, photovoltaics, and sensorics. However, the most common processing technology, e.g., liquid‐phase based scalable exfoliation used for device fabrication, leads to the number of shortcomings that impede their large area production and integration. Major challenges are associated with the small size and low concentration of MoS₂ flakes, as well as insufficient control over their physical properties, e.g., internal heterogeneity of the metallic and semiconducting phases. Here it is demonstrated that large semiconducting MoS₂ sheets (with dimensions up to 50 µm) can be obtained by a facile cathodic exfoliation approach in nonaqueous electrolyte. The synthetic process avoids surface oxidation thus preserving the MoS₂ sheets with intact crystalline structure. It is further demonstrated at the proof‐of‐concept level, a solution‐processed large area (60 × 60 µm) flexible Ebola biosensor, based on a MoS₂ thin film (6 µm thickness) fabricated via restacking of the multiple flakes on the polyimide substrate. The experimental results reveal a low detection limit (in femtomolar–picomolar range) of the fabricated sensor devices. The presented exfoliation method opens up new opportunities for fabrication of large arrays of multifunctional biomedical devices based on novel 2D materials.
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Pal, Ramendra K. "Fabrication of flexible, biofunctional architectures from silk proteins." VCU Scholars Compass, 2017. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4995.

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Advances in the biomedical field require functional materials and processes that can lead to devices that are biocompatible, and biodegradable while maintaining high performance and mechanical conformability. In this context, a current shift in focus is towards natural polymers as not only the structural but also functional components of such devices. This poses material-specific functionalization and fabrication related questions in the design and fabrication of such systems. Silk protein biopolymers from the silkworm show tremendous promise in this regard due to intrinsic properties: mechanical performance, optical transparency, biocompatibility, biodegradability, processability, and the ability to entrap and stabilize biomolecules. The unique ensemble of properties indicates opportunities to employ this material into numerous biomedical applications. However, specific processing, functionalization, and fabrication techniques are required to make a successful transition from the silk cocoon to silk-based devices. This research is focused on these challenges to form silk-based functional material and devices for application in areas of therapeutics, bio-optics, and bioelectronics. To make silk proteins mechanically conformable to biological tissues, the first exploration is directed towards the realization of precisely micro-patterned silk proteins in flexible formats. The optical properties of silk proteins are investigated by showing the angle-dependent iridescent behavior of micropatterned proteins, and developing soft micro-optical devices for light concentration and focusing. The optical characteristics and fabrication process reported in the work can lead to the future application of silk proteins in flexible optics and electronics. The microfabrication process of silk proteins is further extended to form shape-defined silk protein microparticles. Here, the specificity of shape and the ability to form monodisperse shapes can be used as shape encoded efficient cargo and contrast agents. Also, these particles can efficiently entrap and stabilize biomolecules for drug delivery and bioimaging applications. Next, a smart confluence of silk sericin and a synthetic functional polymer PEDOT:PSS is shown. The composite materials obtained have synergistic effects from both polymers. Silk proteins impart biodegradability and patternability, while the intrinsically conductive PEDOT:PSS imparts electrical conductivity and electrochemical activity. Conductive micro architectures on rigid as well as flexible formats are shown via a green, water-based fabrication process. The applications of the composite are successfully demonstrated by realizing biosensing and energy storage devices on rigid or flexible forms. The versatility of the approach will lead to the development of a variety of applications such as in bio-optics, bioelectronics, and in the fundamental study of cellular bio electrogenic environments. Finally, to expand the applicability of reported functional polymers and composites beyond the microscale, a method for silk nano-patterning via electron beam lithography is explored. The technique enables one-step fabrication of user defined structures at the submicron and nano-scales. By virtue of acrylate chemistry, a very low energetic beam and dosage are required to form silk nano-architectures. Also, the process can form both positive and negative features depending on the dosage. The fabrication platform can also form nano scale patterns of the conductive composite. The conductive measurements confirm the formation of conductive nanowires and the ability of silk sericin to entrap PEDOT:PSS particles in nanoscale features.
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Andersson, Simon. "Point-of-care beta-hydroxybutyrate determination for the management of diabetic ketoacidosis based on flexible laser-induced graphene electrode system." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Sensor- och aktuatorsystem, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-179116.

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Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a life-threatening condition that can appear in patients with diabetes. High ketones in the blood lead to acidity of the blood. For DKA diagnosis and management, ketones such as hydroxybutyrate (HB) can be used to quantify the severity of the disease. The fabrication of electrochemical biosensors for the detection of HB is attractive since their capability to deliver fast response, high sensitivity, good selectivity and potential for miniaturisation. In this thesis, an integrated electrode system was prepared for the detection of HB. Laser-induced graphene (LIG) with a 3D porous structure was used as the flexible platform. Poly (toluidine blue O) (PTB) was electro-deposited on LIG (PTB/LIG) under the optimised conduction (pH of 9.7 and from 0.4 to an upper cyclic potential of 0.8 V). The single PTB/LIG working electrode demonstrated excellent performance towards the detection of NADH with a linear range of 6.7 M to 3 mM using chronoamperometry, high sensitivity of detecting NADH and excellent anti-fouling ability (94 % response current retained after 1500 s). Further integration of the 3-electrode system realised the static amperometric detection of NADH over the range of 78 M to 10 mM. Based on the excellent performance of PTB/LIG to NADH sensing, hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase was immobilised via encapsulation with chitosan and polyvinyl butyral (PVB) which was used for HB biosensing over the linear range of 0.5 M to 1 mM with NAD+ dissolved in solution. In addition, the co-immobilisation of NAD+ and HBD on PTB/LIG was conducted by optimisation of enzyme and NAD+ amount per electrode, which shows excellent reproducibility and satisfactory HB biosensing performance. Further experiments to improve the long-term stability of the enzyme electrode is expected in the future. The proposed integrated electrode system also possesses the potential to extend to a multichannel sensor array for the detection of multiple biomarkers (e.g. pH and glucose) for diagnosis and management of DKA.
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Cruz, Hugo Cardoso da. "Development of electrodes in polymeric flexible substrates for organic biosensors." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/16270.

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Mestrado em Engenharia Física
The increase of organic electronics and consequently, the development of sensors based on organic polymers have attracted a lot of attention of the scientific community. Intrigued by these multifunctional, easily processed and low cost materials, it has started to develop odour biosensors for different applications, including medical field and the detection of various diseases. The present work, is focused in the scaling-up of a devoted laboratory approach, in particular concerning the development of organic odour biosensors (electronic nose concept) based on a conductive polymer (PEDOT:PSS) in a pre-industrial approach and produced by means of electronic printing techniques, such as screen printing and slot die. New carbon microelectrodes with different geometrical parameters were designed and processed by the screen printing technique. Further, the slot die technique was applied in order to print the PEDOT:PSS film over the microelectrodes. After the fabrication process, the sensors were morphologically characterized by optical microscopy, atomic force microscopy, profilometry and electrically identified by the two points probe method. The sensors were tested with the use of different analytes with the main focus on two gynaecological analytes. The resistive and capacitive electrical sensor responses for the analytes were analysed and discussed in depth. Important results were obtained with regard to the influence of the geometrical parameters of the carbon microelectrodes and also to the polymer thickness. Finally, the tests on the sensors were also carried out with the use of other analytes which contained blue cheese.
O desenvolvimento de eletrónica orgânica e consequentemente o desenvolvimento de sensores baseados em polímeros orgânicos, atraíram a atenção da comunidade científica. Motivada pela multifuncionalidade, fácil processamento e baixo custo destes materiais, novos biossensores de odor para diversas aplicações começaram a ser desenvolvidos, incluindo na área médica, para a deteção de doenças. Este trabalho, baseou-se no processo de “scaling-up” de um trabalho prévio que teve um objetivo meramente laboratorial, em particular no desenvolvimento de biossensores orgânicos de odor (conceito de nariz eletrónico), baseados em polímeros orgânicos (PEDOT:PSS) num paradigma pré industrial e fabricados pelo meio de técnicas de impressão de eletrónica orgânica, tais como screen printing e slot die. Foram desenhados novos microelétrodos de carbono com diferentes parâmetros geométricos que foram posteriormente produzidos por screen printing. Através da técnica de impressa de slot die, foram posteriormente impresso filmes de PEDOT:PSS sobre os microelétrodos. Após o processo de fabrico, os sensores foram morfologicamente caraterizados por microscopia ótica, microscopia de força atómica, perfilometria e eletricamente caraterizados através da técnica de duas pontas. Os sensores foram testados para diferentes analitos, nomeadamente para dois analitos ginecológicos. A resposta resistiva e capacitiva dos sensores expostos aos analitos, foi obtida e analisada, com especial atenção na influência dos parâmetros geométricos dos microelétrodos de carbono e também na espessura do polímero. Por fim, os sensores foram também testados para outros analitos compostos por queijo azul.
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Joshi, Saumya [Verfasser], Paolo [Akademischer Betreuer] Lugli, Oliver [Gutachter] Hayden, and Paolo [Gutachter] Lugli. "Flexible biosensors using solution processable devices / Saumya Joshi ; Gutachter: Oliver Hayden, Paolo Lugli ; Betreuer: Paolo Lugli." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1201481619/34.

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Chang, Yun-Tzu, and 張云慈. "A Flexible Direct-Growth CNT Biosensor." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36164156537148135984.

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碩士
國立清華大學
材料科學工程學系
101
In this study, a biosensor was fabricated by growing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) directly on polyimide flexible substrate at low temperatures (400 °C) with chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process. Thereafter, a biocompatible polymer (parylene) was coated on the surface area without CNTs as an insulator for future applications in flexible biosensors for in-vivo sensing. The surface of CNTs was modified with functional groups by utilizing UV-ozone, 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC), and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) treatment to improve the biocompatibility for the following conjugation of protein. Following that, the sensing surface was modified with anti-human serum albumin (AHSA), blocked by bovine serum albumin (BSA), and then conjugated with different concentrations of targeted human serum albumin (HSA) for HSA detection. The electrical properties of the biosensors, applied with various HSA concentrations, were measured and quantified by using an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) system under AC conditions. Results showed that the impedance change was well correlated to the HSA concentration from 2 * 10^-12 to 2 * 10^-1 mg/ml, and exhibited a detection limit of the 3 * 10^-11 mg/ml. In summary, the feasibility of the CNTs flexible biosensor for HSA detection was demonstrated by utilizing electrochemical impedimetry to quantify human serum albumin concentration. Compared to other CNTs flexible biosensors, because of the employment of CVD process and the 3D structure of the direct-growth CNTs, the biosensor proposed in this work could be fabricated by a simpler process and provide a good detection limit. It shows a great potential for future application of wearable biosensor and implanting detection.
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Hsu, FangTzu, and 許芳慈. "The study of flexible electric material for pesticide detection biosensor." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/04108894866057028158.

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碩士
中華醫事科技大學
生物醫學研究所
99
The separative structure of an extended-gate field effect transistor (EGFET) is an extremely broad application for detecting ion content in a solution. Inflexible or brittle materials, such as glass, are commonly used as substrates for electrode fabrication. However, such materials limit the range for successful and cost effective application in the environment. In our research, indium tin oxide (ITO) films were directly deposited onto the polyethylenetelephthalate (PET) substrate as a working electrode for an EGFET. The component exhibited some advantages for pH sensors such as being small, bulk, low cost and material flexibility. The sensor facilitates package to biosensor of detecting pesticides. In the future, the proposed application will be able to detect pollutants rapidly. The initial experimental result showed this structure having the linear and pH Nerstern response of approximately 54-58 mV/pH between pH2 and pH12. In this study, The EnFET structure was immobilized acetylcholinesterase (AChE) resulting from a cross-link method. Normally, AchE hydrolyses acetylcholine (Ach). However these reactions were the result of hydrogen ion generation, causing the changed pH in the membrane. This allowed using the potentionmetric method for voltage value measurement. We changed the buffer pH, acetylcholine concentration and acetylcholinesterase concentration of this process. Result shows the optimization responses of the sensing for detection pesticides. Acetylcholinesterase has been used in the design of biosensors for the detection of pesticides, based on the inhibitor for AchE. This inhibition effect can decrease the hydrogen ions in the sensing membrane. In addition, the mechanisms can be a pesticide biosensor for detecting pollutants. Our experiential results shows that the EnFET is a detection method for 1 ppm Carbofuran pesticide sensing.
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Books on the topic "FLEXIBLE BIOSENSOR"

1

Kim, Jaehwan. Disposable and Flexible Chemical Sensors and Biosensors Made with Renewable Materials. WORLD SCIENTIFIC (EUROPE), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/q0112.

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Kim, Jaehwan, Joo-Hyung Kim, and Bong Sup Shin. Disposable and Flexible Chemical Sensors and Biosensors Made with Renewable Materials. World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd, 2017.

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Gerald, David. Smart Biosensors and Intelligent Devices for Salivary Biomarker Detection: Salivary Biomarkers,Smart Design,Flexible Electrode,Intelligent Biosensors,Integrated Device. Independently Published, 2021.

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Book chapters on the topic "FLEXIBLE BIOSENSOR"

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Yadav, Supriya, Mahesh Kumar, Kulwant Singh, Niti Nipun Sharma, and Jamil Akhtar. "Flexible Microfluidics Biosensor Technology." In Electrical and Electronic Devices, Circuits and Materials, 377–86. First edition. | Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press/Taylor & Francis: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003097723-23.

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Fayomi, Christian, Herve Achigui Facpong, and Gordon W. Roberts. "Passive Biosensors for Flexible Hybrid-Printed Electronic Systems." In Smart Biosensor Technology, 427–39. Second edition. | Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, 2018.: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429429934-19.

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Sekitani, Tsuyoshi. "Soft Biosensor Systems Using Flexible and Stretchable Electronics Technology." In Stretchable Bioelectronics for Medical Devices and Systems, 133–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28694-5_7.

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Chen, Jie-Ting, Jung-Chuan Chou, Yi-Hung Liao, Hsueh-Tao Chou, Chin-Yi Lin, and Jia-Liang Chen. "Fabrication of Real-Time Wireless Sensing System for Flexible Glucose Biosensor." In Transactions on Engineering Technologies, 425–37. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8832-8_31.

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Ferrara, V., A. Ottaviani, F. Cavaleri, G. Arrabito, P. Cancemi, Y. P. Ho, B. R. Knudsen, et al. "DNA-Based Biosensor on Flexible Nylon Substrate by Dip-Pen Lithography for Topoisomerase Detection." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 309–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04324-7_39.

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Amreen, Khairunnisa, and Sanket Goel. "Printable and Flexible Biosensors." In Bioelectronics, 357–71. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003263265-22.

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Liao, Caizhi, and Feng Yan. "Flexible Organic Bioelectronics and Biosensors." In Flexible Carbon-based Electronics, 289–310. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527804894.ch10.

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"Protein-Based Photoreceptor Array on Flexible Plastic Substrates." In Smart Biosensor Technology, 483–524. CRC Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420019506-27.

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Bassi, Amarjeet, Wei Wei Wang, and George Knopf. "Protein-Based Photoreceptor Array on Flexible Plastic Substrates." In Smart Biosensor Technology, 461–502. CRC Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420019506.ch17.

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Kumaresan, Yogeenth, Nirmal G. R., and Praveen Kumar Poola. "Flexible and stretchable indium-fallium-zinc oxide-based electronic devices for sweat pH sensor application." In Metal Oxides for Biomedical and Biosensor Applications, 525–43. Elsevier, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-823033-6.00018-1.

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Conference papers on the topic "FLEXIBLE BIOSENSOR"

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Zhang, Bo, and Tony Zhengyu Cui. "Flexible Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembled Graphene Based Glucose Biosensors." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-64423.

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The manufacture and characterization of glucose biosensor based on layer by layer self assembled graphene are presented. Due to self assembly technique and flexible polymer substrate, the cost of the biosensor is very competitive. The resolution of the graphene based biosensor reaches down to 10 pM, which shows greater advantages over CNT based biosensor under the same conditions. The response time of graphene biosensor is less than 3 s, which is much faster than other materials and methods. This work demonstrates that graphene and polymers are very promising materials for the applications of low-cost glucose biosensors.
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Miesse, Peyton, and Gymama Slaughter. "Flexible Electrochemical Lactate Biosensor." In 2020 IEEE 15th International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular System (NEMS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nems50311.2020.9265579.

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Radha Shanmugam, Nandhinee, Sriram Muthukumar, and Shalini Prasad. "Zinc Oxide Nanostructures as Electrochemical Biosensors on Flexible Substrates." In ASME 2015 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2015-9085.

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A novel flexible electrochemical biosensor for protein biomarker detection was successfully designed and fabricated on a nanoporous polyimide membrane using zinc oxide (ZnO). Nanostructures of ZnO were grown on microelectrode platform using aqueous solution bath. Electrochemical measurements were performed using gold, ZnO seed and nanostructured electrodes to study the influence of electrode surface area on biosensing performance. Feasibility analysis of sensor platforms was evaluated using high concentrations (in ng/mL) of troponin-T. The results showed that improved performance can be obtained on nanostructured platform by careful optimization of growth conditions. This study demonstrates the development of nanostructured ZnO flexible biosensors towards ultra-sensitive protein biosensing.
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Kafi, Md Abdul, Ambarish Paul, and Ravinder Dahiya. "Graphene oxide-chitosan based flexible biosensor." In 2017 IEEE SENSORS. IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsens.2017.8234441.

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Wang, Qian, Wenhao Lou, Sihong Chen, Jia Zhu, Mengyao Yuan, Chunhong Zhang, Tianyao Zhang, Guang Yao, and Yuan Lin. "Flexible Biosensor for Non-invasive Continuous Alcohol Monitoring." In 2022 International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (ISAP). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isap53582.2022.9998605.

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Escobedo, Pablo, Libu Manjakkal, Markellos Ntagios, and Ravinder Dahiya. "Flexible Potentiostat Readout Circuit Patch for Electrochemical and Biosensor Applications." In 2020 IEEE International Conference on Flexible and Printable Sensors and Systems (FLEPS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fleps49123.2020.9239515.

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Kanakamedala, Senaka K., Haidar T. Alshakhouri, Mangilal Agarwal, Ji Fang, and Mark A. DeCoster. "A simple enzyme based biosensor on flexible plastic substrate." In SPIE NanoScience + Engineering, edited by Hooman Mohseni and Manijeh Razeghi. SPIE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.860587.

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Goktas, Hasan, and Mona Zaghloul. "High sensitivity CMOS portable biosensor with flexible microfluidic integration." In 2013 IEEE Sensors. IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsens.2013.6688202.

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Knopf, George K., and Dogan Sinar. "Flexible hydrogel actuated graphene-cellulose biosensor for monitoring pH." In 2017 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2017.8050613.

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Narayanan, J. Shankara, and Gymama Slaughter. "Flexible Non-Enzymatic Glucose Biosensor Based on Gold-Platinum Colloidal." In 2018 IEEE Sensors. IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsens.2018.8589627.

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