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Academic literature on the topic 'Flavonoids'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Flavonoids"

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Ivey, Kerry L., Jonathan M. Hodgson, Kevin D. Croft, Joshua R. Lewis, and Richard L. Prince. "Flavonoid intake and all-cause mortality." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 101, no. 5 (April 1, 2015): 1012–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.113.073106.

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ABSTRACT Background: Flavonoids are bioactive compounds found in foods such as tea, chocolate, red wine, fruit, and vegetables. Higher intakes of specific flavonoids and flavonoid-rich foods have been linked to reduced mortality from specific vascular diseases and cancers. However, the importance of flavonoids in preventing all-cause mortality remains uncertain. Objective: The objective was to explore the association between flavonoid intake and risk of 5-y mortality from all causes by using 2 comprehensive food composition databases to assess flavonoid intake. Design: The study population included 1063 randomly selected women aged >75 y. All-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular mortalities were assessed over 5 y of follow-up through the Western Australia Data Linkage System. Two estimates of flavonoid intake (total flavonoidUSDA and total flavonoidPE) were determined by using food composition data from the USDA and the Phenol-Explorer (PE) databases, respectively. Results: During the 5-y follow-up period, 129 (12%) deaths were documented. Participants with high total flavonoid intake were at lower risk [multivariate-adjusted HR (95% CI)] of 5-y all-cause mortality than those with low total flavonoid consumption [total flavonoidUSDA: 0.37 (0.22, 0.58); total flavonoidPE: 0.36 (0.22, 0.60)]. Similar beneficial relations were observed for both cardiovascular disease mortality [total flavonoidUSDA: 0.34 (0.17, 0.69); flavonoidPE: 0.32 (0.16, 0.61)] and cancer mortality [total flavonoidUSDA: 0.25 (0.10, 0.62); flavonoidPE: 0.26 (0.11, 0.62)]. Conclusions: Using the most comprehensive flavonoid databases, we provide evidence that high consumption of flavonoids is associated with reduced risk of mortality in older women. The benefits of flavonoids may extend to the etiology of cancer and cardiovascular disease.
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P, Darmayuda I. P., Suardana I. G, and Bawa Putra A. A. "ANALYSIS OF TOTAL FLAVONOID LEVELS OF ETHANOL EXTRACT (Cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmanii Blume) LEAVES WITH UV-VIS SPECTROPHOTOMETRY METHOD." Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Indonesia 9, no. 3 (October 12, 2021): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31957/jipi.v9i3.1798.

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Cinnamon plants (Cinnamomum burmani Blume), including plants that have medicinal properties for diabetes mellitus because they contain flavonoid compounds. This study aimed to determine the total flavonoids content of the ethanol extract of cinnamon leaf ethanol extract using UV-Vis spectrophotometry method. The ethanol extract of Cinnamon leaf was obtained by maceration using ethanol as a solvent.The qualitative analysis used FeCl3by forming yellowish green complex. The determination of total flavonoids content is conducted basedon AlCl3method with total flavonoidse xpressed in QE (Quercetin equivalent) at the maximum wavelength of 435 nm. The result showed that the average content of flavonoid total is 19.544 mg QE/g extract.
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Choi, Roy C. Y., Judy T. T. Zhu, Amanda W. Y. Yung, Pinky S. C. Lee, Sherry L. Xu, Ava J. Y. Guo, Kevin Y. Zhu, Tina T. X. Dong, and Karl W. K. Tsim. "Synergistic Action of Flavonoids, Baicalein, and Daidzein in Estrogenic and Neuroprotective Effects: A Development of Potential Health Products and Therapeutic Drugs against Alzheimer’s Disease." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2013 (2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/635694.

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Despite the classical hormonal effect, estrogen has been reported to mediate neuroprotection in the brain, which leads to the searching of estrogen-like substances for treating neurodegenerative diseases. Flavonoids, a group of natural compounds, are well known to possess estrogenic effects and used to substitute estrogen, that is, phytoestrogen. Flavonoid serves as one of the potential targets for the development of natural supplements and therapeutic drugs against different diseases. The neuroprotection activity of flavonoids was chosen for a possible development of anti-Alzheimer's drugs or food supplements. The estrogenic activity of two flavonoids, baicalein and daidzein, were demonstrated by their strong abilities in stimulating estrogen receptor phosphorylation and transcriptional activation of estrogen responsive element in MCF-7 breast cells. The neuroprotection effects of flavonoids againstβ-amyloid (Aβ) were revealed by their inhibition effects onin vitroAβaggregation and Aβ-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 neuronal cells. More importantly, the estrogenic and neuroprotective activities of individual flavonoid could be further enhanced by the cotreatment in the cultures. Taken together, this synergistic effect of baicalein and daidzein might serve as a method to improve the therapeutic efficacy of different flavonoids against Aβ, which might be crucial in developing those flavonoidsin treating Alzheimer's disease in the future.
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Cheon, Minjung, Minsung Chung, and Yongsoon Park. "Association between Dietary Intake of Flavonoids and Cancer Recurrence among Breast Cancer Survivors." Nutrients 13, no. 9 (August 30, 2021): 3049. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13093049.

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Intake of flavonoids is associated with the incidence of breast cancer, but the association between the intake of flavonoids and cancer recurrence is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the hypothesis that intake of flavonoids and flavonoid-rich foods is negatively associated with cancer recurrence. Among 572 women who underwent breast cancer surgery, 66 patients had a cancer recurrence. Dietary data were collected using a structured 24-h dietary recall, and intake of flavonoids was calculated based on the Korea Rural Development Administration flavonoid database. Among overweight and obese patients, disease-free survival was associated with intake of flavonoids (p = 0.004) and flavonoid-rich foods (p = 0.003). Intake of flavonoids (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.249, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.09–0.64) and flavonoid-rich foods (HR = 0.244, 95% CI: 0.09–0.66) was negatively associated with cancer recurrence after adjusting for confounding factors in overweight and obese patients. Consumption of flavonoids and flavonoid-rich foods was lower in overweight and obese patients with cancer recurrence than those without recurrence and in normal-weight patients. This study suggests that intake of flavonoids and flavonoid-rich foods could have beneficial effects on cancer recurrence in overweight and obese breast cancer survivors.
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Gebhardt, S. E., J. M. Harnly, S. A. Bhagwat, G. R. Beecher, R. F. Doherty, J. M. Holden, D. B. Haytowitz, A. L. Eldridge, J. J. Peterson, and J. T. Dwyer. "USDA'S FLAVONOID DATABASE: FLAVONOIDS IN FRUIT." Journal of the American Dietetic Association 103 (September 2003): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-8223(08)70085-3.

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Nurlinda, Nurlinda, Virsa Handayani, and Faradiba Abdul Rasyid. "Spectrophotometric Determination of Total Flavonoid Content in Biancaea Sappan (Caesalpinia sappan L.) Leaves." Jurnal Fitofarmaka Indonesia 8, no. 3 (March 4, 2021): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.33096/jffi.v8i3.712.

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AbstractBiancaea sappan (BS) is traditionally used to treat anticonvulsants, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, anticoagulant, antiviral, immunostimulant, antioxidant, and antimicrobial treatments. Flavonoids are found in Secang; flavonoids are secondary metabolites that have antioxidant activity. This study aims to identify the flavonoids using TLC and determination of flavonoids content in BS leaves. Initially, The methanol extract of BS was obtained by maceration with ethanol. The qualitative analysis of flavonoid was using TLC and visualization by sprayed with AlCl3. The determination of total flavonoid content is conducted based on the AlCl3 method with total flavonoids expressed in QE (Quercetin equivalent) at the maximum wavelength of 431 nm. The research results showed that BS leaves contain flavonoids and the total flavonoid content of BS leaf extract is 1.0318 mg QE / g extract.Keywords: Caesalpinia sappan; Flavonoid content, Spectrophotometric
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Selvakumar, Priyanga, Aja Badgeley, Paige Murphy, Hina Anwar, Urvashi Sharma, Katharine Lawrence, and Ashakumary Lakshmikuttyamma. "Flavonoids and Other Polyphenols Act as Epigenetic Modifiers in Breast Cancer." Nutrients 12, no. 3 (March 13, 2020): 761. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12030761.

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Breast cancer is a common cancer that occurs due to different epigenetic alterations and genetic mutations. Various epidemiological studies have demonstrated an inverse correlation between breast cancer incidence and flavonoid intake. The anti-cancer action of flavonoids, a class of polyphenolic compounds that are present in plants, as secondary metabolites has been a major topic of research for many years. Our review analysis demonstrates that flavonoids exhibit anti-cancer activity against breast cancer occurring in different ethnic populations. Breast cancer subtype and menopausal status are the key factors in inducing the flavonoid’s anti-cancer action in breast cancer. The dose is another key factor, with research showing that approximately 10 mg/day of isoflavones is required to inhibit breast cancer occurrence. In addition, flavonoids also influence the epigenetic machinery in breast cancer, with research demonstrating that epigallocatechin, genistein, and resveratrol all inhibited DNA methyltransferase and altered chromatin modification in breast cancer. These flavonoids can induce the expression of different tumor suppressor genes that may contribute to decreasing breast cancer progression and metastasis. Additional studies are required to confirm the contribution of epigenetic modifications by flavonoids to breast cancer prevention.
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Pyo, Yeonhee, Ki Han Kwon, and Yeon Ja Jung. "Anticancer Potential of Flavonoids: Their Role in Cancer Prevention and Health Benefits." Foods 13, no. 14 (July 17, 2024): 2253. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods13142253.

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The term “flavonoid” encompasses a group of plant compounds, predominantly flavonoids, present in fruits, vegetables, and other plant-based foods. These compounds deliver significant health benefits, including potent antioxidant properties that protect cells from free radicals, thereby mitigating aging and disease. We assessed study quality and bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and the Newcastle−Ottawa Scale. Inclusion criteria specified that the studies must examine a natural flavonoid from fruits, must involve animal or human trials, must be original studies, and must be English articles on the flavonoid’s health and cancer-prevention effects, excluding conference abstracts and single-case studies. We conducted a comprehensive search of major databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar, reviewing six clinical trials with total sample sizes of over 50 to 1500 participants. The results indicate that consuming flavonoid-rich fruits can aid in cancer prevention by targeting angiogenic and cancer-protective pathways. We specifically selected tomatoes, mulberries, Amazon grapes, apples, and citrus fruits due to their well-documented high levels of flavonoids and the robust clinical evidence supporting their physiological effects. In particular, citrus fruits contain additional beneficial phytochemicals that complement the action of flavonoids, enhancing their overall health effects. The anti-cancer mechanisms of flavonoids are not well-defined in the scientific literature, suggesting a gap that this study aims to address. Our study provides novel contributions by demonstrating how flavonoid supplementation induces anti-cancer effects through angiogenesis, anti-inflammatory actions, antioxidant-induced apoptosis, and modulation of pathways like PI3K/Akt and MAPK. These effects were particularly notable in the prevention and progression of breast, colon, liver, and lung cancers, with statistical significance (p < 0.05). By elucidating specific mechanisms and pathways, this study contributes to the understanding of flavonoids’ role in cancer prevention and underscores the potential for developing natural anti-cancer therapeutics through the inclusion of flavonoid-rich fruits in the diet. Future research should focus on randomized controlled trials assessing long-term effects of flavonoid supplementation in diverse populations, exploring optimal dosages, and understanding interactions with conventional cancer therapies to provide comprehensive evidence for clinical applications.
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Zhou, Jin, Kai Zou, Shaodong Fu, Zhenchun Duan, Guoqing Zhang, Xinhong Wu, Jingwen Huang, et al. "Flavonoid Synthesis by Deinococcus sp. 43 Isolated from the Ginkgo Rhizosphere." Microorganisms 11, no. 7 (July 21, 2023): 1848. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11071848.

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Flavonoids are crucial in physiological and pharmaceutical processes, especially the treatment of cancer and the prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Flavonoid-producing plants and fungi have been extensively reported, but bacteria have been much less investigated as a source of flavonoid production. Deinococcus sp. 43, a spherical flavonoid-producing bacteria from the Ginkgo rhizosphere, was reported in this study. First, the whole genome of Deinococcus sp. 43 was sequenced and a series of flavonoid anabolic genes were annotated. Simultaneously, High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) results showed that Deinococcus sp. 43 was capable of producing flavonoids, with a maximum quercetin output of 2.9 mg/L. Moreover, the relative expression of key genes involved in flavonoid synthesis was determined to test the completeness of the flavonoid anabolic pathway. The results of LC-MS analysis demonstrated that the flavonoids produced by Deinococcus sp. 43 were significantly different between intracellular and extracellular environments. The concentration of multiple glycosylated flavonoids was substantially higher in extracellular than intracellular environments, while the majority of flavonoids obtained in intracellular environments were hydroxylated multiple times. Lastly, the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway of Deinococcus sp. 43 was constructed based on the genomic analysis and the detected flavonoids. In conclusion, this study represents the first comprehensive characterization of the flavonoid-producing pathway of Deinococcus. The findings demonstrate that the strain has excellent potential as a genetically engineered strain for the industrial production of flavonoids.
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Xiong, Chuanyong, Xiaoqing Li, Xin Wang, Jingxin Wang, Hans Lambers, Carroll P. Vance, Jianbo Shen, and Lingyun Cheng. "Flavonoids are involved in phosphorus-deficiency-induced cluster-root formation in white lupin." Annals of Botany 129, no. 1 (October 20, 2021): 101–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcab131.

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Abstract Background and Aims Initiation of cluster roots in white lupin (Lupinus albus) under phosphorus (P) deficiency requires auxin signalling, whereas flavonoids inhibit auxin transport. However, little information is available about the interactions between P deficiency and flavonoids in terms of cluster-root formation in white lupin. Methods Hydroponic and aeroponic systems were used to investigate the role of flavonoids in cluster-root formation, with or without 75 μm P supply. Key Results Phosphorus-deficiency-induced flavonoid accumulation in cluster roots depended on developmental stage, based on in situ determination of fluorescence of flavonoids and flavonoid concentration. LaCHS8, which codes for a chalcone synthase isoform, was highly expressed in cluster roots, and silencing LaCHS8 reduced flavonoid production and rootlet density. Exogenous flavonoids suppressed cluster-root formation. Tissue-specific distribution of flavonoids in roots was altered by P deficiency, suggesting that P deficiency induced flavonoid accumulation, thus fine-tuning the effect of flavonoids on cluster-root formation. Furthermore, naringenin inhibited expression of an auxin-responsive DR5:GUS marker, suggesting an interaction of flavonoids and auxin in regulating cluster-root formation. Conclusions Phosphorus deficiency triggered cluster-root formation through the regulation of flavonoid distribution, which fine-tuned an auxin response in the early stages of cluster-root development. These findings provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of cluster-root formation under P deficiency.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Flavonoids"

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Coqueiro, Aline [UNESP]. "Fracionamento bioguiado para selação de substâncias antioxidante, antimalárica e antibiótica potenciais nas espécies Kielmeyera variabilis (Clusiaceae) e Brosimum Glaziovii (Moraceae)." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/105815.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Os testes biológicos realizados por pesquisadores colaboradores do NuBBE para as espécies selecionadas para este estudo Brosimum glaziovii e Kielmeyera variabilis indicaram K. variabilis como uma importante fonte de metabólitos especiais bioativos. O fracionamento bioguiado da fração AcOEt dos galhos de K. variabilis para isolamento de substâncias com potencial antimalárico foi realizado via teste químico com -hematina e in vitro com Plasmodium falciparum, levando a identificação das xantonas oxigenadas 3,6-diidroxi-1,4,8-trimetoxixantona, 3,5-diidroxi-4-metoxixantona, 3,4-diidroxi-6,8-dimetoxixantona, 3,4-diidroxi-2-metoxixantona, 5-hidroxi-1,3- dimetoxixantona, 2,3-dimetoxi-4-hidroxixantona, 3-hidroxi-2-metoxixantona e 2-hidroxi- 1-metoxi-xantona e o xantonolignóide kielcorina. Dentre as substâncias isoladas, o xatonolignóide kielcorina foi considerado ativo quando comparado ao padrão cloroquina. A avaliação do potencial tripanocida também foi realizada para as xantonas isoladas e dentre estas, a 3,4-diidroxi-2-metoxixantona foi a mais ativa, principalmente para a cepa resistente ao benzonidazol (cepa Bolívia). Na fração EHFB das folhas de B. glaziovii foi observado o potencial antichagásico desta espécie. Os resultados observados para os ensaios antioxidantes levaram ao isolamento dos flavonóides quercitrina, podocarpusflavona A e da mistura de quercetina-3-Oglicosídeo e quercetina-3-O-galactosídeo, evidenciando a importância dos grupos catecólicos na potencialização da ação antioxidante. O estudo bioguiado pela atividade antimicrobiana com seis cepas de Staphylococcus aureus resistentes à meticilina culminou no isolamento de um derivado prenilado do floroglucinol (HGK-1) o qual demonstrou ser responsável pela potente atividade demonstrada pela fração hexânica dos galhos de K. variabilis. As xantonas isoladas tiveram seu potencial antimicrobiano...
Several biological activities have been carried out by NuBBE’s collaborators aiming the identification of active extracts from plant species, and Brosimum glaziovii and Kielmeyera variables showed to be important sources of bioactive secondary metabolites. Bio-guided fractionation of the EtOAc bioactive fraction of the branches of K. variabilis by using of the chemical test -hematin, and in vitro by using of Plasmodium falciparum, led to the isolation and identification of oxygenated xanthones 3,6-dihydroxy-1,4,8-trimethoxyxanthone, 3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxyxanthone, 3,4- dihydroxy-6,8-dimethoxyxanthone, 3,4-dihydroxy-2-methoxyxanthone, 1,3-dimethoxy- 5-hydroxyxanthone, 2,3-dimethoxy-4-hydroxyxantona, 3-hydroxy-2-methoxyxanthone and 2-hydroxy-1-methoxyxanthone and xantonolignoid kielcorin. Among the compounds isolated, the xatonolignoid keilcorine indicated activity when compared to the standard chloroquine. The assessment of potential trypanocidal was also a part of this work and among the isolated xanthones, 3,4-dihydroxy-2-methoxyxanthone showed to be the most active, especially against the resistant strain to benzonidazole (Bolivia strain). In hexane fraction of leaves from B. glaziovii was noted antichagasic potencial for this specie. The antioxidant test used in this study led to the isolation of several flavonoids with antioxidant activity: quercitrin, podocarpusflavone A and the mixture of quercetin-3-O-glucoside and quercetin-3-O-galactoside, showing the importance of catechol group for the potentiating of antioxidant activity. The bio-guided antimicrobial activity using six strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus resulted in the isolation of the prenylated phloroglucinol derivative (HGK-1), which proved to be responsible for the potent activity exhibited by the hexane extract of the branches of K. variabilis. The xanthones isolated were evaluated... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Roedig-Penman, Andrea. "Flavonoids as antioxidants." Thesis, University of Reading, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363806.

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Caruso, Ícaro Putinhon [UNESP]. "Estudo da interação entre flavonóides e a albumina do soro humano." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87502.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
Os flavonóides são uma grande classe de polifenóis ocorrendo de forma natural amplamente distribuídos nas plantas, essas moléculas exibem algumas atividades farmacológicas importantes como anti-inflamatória, antioxidante, anticancerígena e antibacteriana. A interação entre os flavonóides Rutina (Ru) e Guaijaverina (Gua) e a Albumina do Soro Humano (HSA) em pH 7,0 fisiológico foi investigado usando a técnica de espectroscopia de fluorescência de estado estacionário, cálculo ab initio e de modelagem molecular. A partir da supressão de fluorescência da HSA pelos flavonóides, a constante de supressão de Stern-Volmer ( SVK ) e sua forma modificada ( aK ) foram calculadas em 298, 303 e 308 K, como também os parâmetros termodinâmicos correspondentes H , G e S , para cada flavonóide. A análise do equilíbrio de ligação foi utilizada para determinar os valores do número de sítios de ligação ( n ) e a constante de ligação ( bK ) para a Rutina e a Guaijaverina em 298, 303 e 308 K. A distância média entre o doador (HSA-214Trp ) e o aceitador (Ru e Gua) foi estimada de acordo com a teoria de transferência de energia ressonante fluorescente. A otimização geométrica dos flavonóides Rutina e Guaijaverina foi realizada nos seus estados fundamentais usando o funcional DFT/B3LYP ab initio com um conjunto de bases 6-31G(d,p) utilizado nos cálculos. O cálculo de modelagem molecular indica que os flavonóides se localizam no sítio I da HSA, dentro do bolso hidrofóbico do subdomínio IIA. Os resultados teóricos obtidos pela modelagem molecular corroboram com os dados de espectroscopia de fluorescência
Flavonoids are a large class of naturally occurring polyphenols widely distributed in plants, these molecules exhibit some important pharmacological activities like anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and antibacterial. The interaction between Rutina and Guaijaverin flavonoids and Human Serum Albumin (HSA) at physiological pH 7.0 was investigated by using the technique of fluorescence spectroscopy, ab initio and molecular modeling calculation. From the fluorescence quenching of the HSA by flavonoids, the Stern-Volmer quenching constant ( SVK ) and its modified form ( aK ) were calculated at 298 , 303 and K308 , as well as the corresponding thermodynamic parameters H , G and S , for each flavonoid. Analysis of binding equilibria was utilized to determine the number of binding sites ( n ) and binding constants ( bK ) values for Rutin and Guaijaverin at 298 , 303 and K308 . The average distance between donor (HSA-214Trp ) e acceptor (Ru and Gua) was estimated according to the theory of fluorescence resonance energy transfer. The geometry optimization of Rutin and Guaijaverin flavonoids was performed in its ground state by using ab initio DFT/B3LYP functional with a 6-31G(d,p) basis set applied in calculations. Molecular modeling calculation indicated that the flavonoids are located in site I of HSA, within the hydrophobic pocket of the subdomain IIA. The theoretical results obtained by molecular modeling are corroborated by the fluorescence spectroscopy data
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Pereira, Gabriela Sterle. "Ação inibitória dos flavonoides quercetina e rutina sobre a ativação de neutrófilos humanos /." Assis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/150482.

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Orientadora: Karina Alves de Toledo
Banca: Luis Octávio Regasini
Banca: Flávia Aparecida Paina Brasil
Resumo: Rutina e Quercetina são flavonoides encontrados em diversos alimentos, incluindo aqueles indicados como complemento no tratamento de doenças inflamatórias. Durante o processo inflamatório, neutrófilos são as primeiras células a serem recrutadas por estarem diretamente relacionadas à ativação e resolução destes processos. Assim, frequentemente estas células são alvos para novos compostos anti-inflamatórios. A descrição da atividade anti-inflamatória de rutina e quercetina se estende para vários ativadores das vias clássicas dos neutrófilos. O estudo quanto aos compostos forbol ésteres, como PMA (phorbol myristate acetate), que ativam de maneira específica a sinalização da proteína quinase C, ainda são escassos.O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a atividade anti-inflamatória de rutina e quercetina sobre neutrófilos ativados por PMA. Para tanto, foram analisadas etapas importantes do processo inflamatório mediadas pelos neutrófilos: adesão, desgranulação, e liberação das NETs (Neutrophil Extracelular Traps). Nossos resultados demonstraram que, ativação de neutrófilos por PMA: (i) rutina e quercetina não inibem a adesão dos neutrófilos, (ii) quercetina inibe a desgranulção, (iii) ambos inibem a atividade da mieloperoxidase (MPO), assim como (iv) inibem a liberação das NETs na ausência de morte celular. Análises de docking molecular sugerem que tais eventos podem estar relacionados à geração de complexos quercetina/MPO e rutina/elastase
Abstract: Rutin and Quercetin are flavonoids found in several foods, including those indicated as a supplement in the inflammatory treatment diseases. During the inflammatory process, neutrophils are the first cells to be recruited. They are directly related to the activation and resolution of these processes. Thus, these cells often target new antiinflammatory compounds. The description of the anti-inflammatory activity of rutin and quercetin extends to several activators of classical neutrophil pathways. Studies involving forbol esters compounds, as PMA ((phorbol myristate acetate), which activate in a specific manner the protein kinase signalling, it is still poor. The aim of this study was to analyze the anti-inflammatory activity of rutin and quercetin on PMAactivated neutrophils. For this, important steps of the inflammatory process mediated by neutrophils were analyzed: adhesion, degranulation, and release of NETs (Neutrophil Extracelular Traps). Our results demonstrated that neutrophil activation by PMA: (i) rutin and quercetin did not inhibit neutrophil adhesion, (ii) quercetin inhibited degranulation, (iii) both inhibited myeloperoxidase activity (MPO), as well as (iv) both Inhibit the release of NETs in the absence of cell death. Molecular docking analyzes suggest that such events may be related to the generation of quercetin/MPO and rutin/elastase complexes
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Coqueiro, Aline. "Fracionamento bioguiado para selação de substâncias antioxidante, antimalárica e antibiótica potenciais nas espécies Kielmeyera variabilis (Clusiaceae) e Brosimum Glaziovii (Moraceae) /." Araraquara : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/105815.

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Orientador: Vanderlan da Silva Bolzani
Banca: Marcia Nasser Lopes
Banca: José Angelo Slveira Zuanazzi
Banca: Horácio Adolfo Heinzen Gozález
Resumo: Os testes biológicos realizados por pesquisadores colaboradores do NuBBE para as espécies selecionadas para este estudo Brosimum glaziovii e Kielmeyera variabilis indicaram K. variabilis como uma importante fonte de metabólitos especiais bioativos. O fracionamento bioguiado da fração AcOEt dos galhos de K. variabilis para isolamento de substâncias com potencial antimalárico foi realizado via teste químico com -hematina e in vitro com Plasmodium falciparum, levando a identificação das xantonas oxigenadas 3,6-diidroxi-1,4,8-trimetoxixantona, 3,5-diidroxi-4-metoxixantona, 3,4-diidroxi-6,8-dimetoxixantona, 3,4-diidroxi-2-metoxixantona, 5-hidroxi-1,3- dimetoxixantona, 2,3-dimetoxi-4-hidroxixantona, 3-hidroxi-2-metoxixantona e 2-hidroxi- 1-metoxi-xantona e o xantonolignóide kielcorina. Dentre as substâncias isoladas, o xatonolignóide kielcorina foi considerado ativo quando comparado ao padrão cloroquina. A avaliação do potencial tripanocida também foi realizada para as xantonas isoladas e dentre estas, a 3,4-diidroxi-2-metoxixantona foi a mais ativa, principalmente para a cepa resistente ao benzonidazol (cepa Bolívia). Na fração EHFB das folhas de B. glaziovii foi observado o potencial antichagásico desta espécie. Os resultados observados para os ensaios antioxidantes levaram ao isolamento dos flavonóides quercitrina, podocarpusflavona A e da mistura de quercetina-3-Oglicosídeo e quercetina-3-O-galactosídeo, evidenciando a importância dos grupos catecólicos na potencialização da ação antioxidante. O estudo bioguiado pela atividade antimicrobiana com seis cepas de Staphylococcus aureus resistentes à meticilina culminou no isolamento de um derivado prenilado do floroglucinol (HGK-1) o qual demonstrou ser responsável pela potente atividade demonstrada pela fração hexânica dos galhos de K. variabilis. As xantonas isoladas tiveram seu potencial antimicrobiano... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Several biological activities have been carried out by NuBBE's collaborators aiming the identification of active extracts from plant species, and Brosimum glaziovii and Kielmeyera variables showed to be important sources of bioactive secondary metabolites. Bio-guided fractionation of the EtOAc bioactive fraction of the branches of K. variabilis by using of the chemical test -hematin, and in vitro by using of Plasmodium falciparum, led to the isolation and identification of oxygenated xanthones 3,6-dihydroxy-1,4,8-trimethoxyxanthone, 3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxyxanthone, 3,4- dihydroxy-6,8-dimethoxyxanthone, 3,4-dihydroxy-2-methoxyxanthone, 1,3-dimethoxy- 5-hydroxyxanthone, 2,3-dimethoxy-4-hydroxyxantona, 3-hydroxy-2-methoxyxanthone and 2-hydroxy-1-methoxyxanthone and xantonolignoid kielcorin. Among the compounds isolated, the xatonolignoid keilcorine indicated activity when compared to the standard chloroquine. The assessment of potential trypanocidal was also a part of this work and among the isolated xanthones, 3,4-dihydroxy-2-methoxyxanthone showed to be the most active, especially against the resistant strain to benzonidazole (Bolivia strain). In hexane fraction of leaves from B. glaziovii was noted antichagasic potencial for this specie. The antioxidant test used in this study led to the isolation of several flavonoids with antioxidant activity: quercitrin, podocarpusflavone A and the mixture of quercetin-3-O-glucoside and quercetin-3-O-galactoside, showing the importance of catechol group for the potentiating of antioxidant activity. The bio-guided antimicrobial activity using six strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus resulted in the isolation of the prenylated phloroglucinol derivative (HGK-1), which proved to be responsible for the potent activity exhibited by the hexane extract of the branches of K. variabilis. The xanthones isolated were evaluated... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Alalwan, Tariq Abdulkarim Ebrahim. "Absorption of Dietary Flavonoids." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.491922.

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Flavonoids represent a major class of plant polyphenols that are distributed ubiquitously in the human diet. Interest in the possible health-promoting effects of flavonoids has increased due to their various bioactive properties, as demonstrated in several in vitro and in vivo studies. Knowledge about flavonoid absorption and bioavailability is essential in order to fully understand their potential health benefits. This thesis was concerned with the uptake and absorption of dietary flavonoids in humans, with an emphasis on the effect of the chemical form of the flavonoid (as a product of processing) and the effect of food matrix. The first study investigated the flavonol content in different varieties of commerciallygrown tomatoes and widely consumed tomato-based food products. It was shown that the levels of rutin varied considerably between different cultivars and food-based products, with the highest levels found in cherry tomatoes. Furthermore, cellulase -Blf h-=-y_d_ro---'l~~is_of rut~~_:v.~~_ shown to be a viable alternative for the release ~f queLc~~~~__ aglycone. The second study was aimed to investigate the absorption and bioavailability of dietary quercetin glycosides and its aglycone from a food-based system (non-supplement) in humans by implementing urinary time-course analysis. Ingested quercetin glycosides resulted in an observed earlier appearance of quercetin conjugates in urine then when quercetin aglycone was ingested (1 h compared to 2 h). Significantly more quercetin was absorbed than the aglycone when present in a similar onion-based food matrix system (1.8% compared to 1.3%). Finally, a second human study was carried out to investigate the effect of dietary fat, 8.3% (w/w), on the bioavailability of quercetin present in onion-based foods as either quercetin glycosides or its aglycone. Absorption of quercetin in its glycosidic form was shown to be significantly higher than the aglycone form when co-ingested with fat (2.8% compared to 1.7%). The ingestion of quercetin with fat, compared with the study without fat, enhanced the bioavailability of quercetin glycosides and its aglycone by about 50 and 23%, respectively, which was significant for the quercetin glycoside meal only.
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Lisseter, S. G. "Studies of phenolic flavonoids." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.355739.

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Noroozi, Mostafa. "Antioxidant effects of flavonoids." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1998. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5901/.

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Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds whose main dietary source are fruits and vegetables. Epidemiological evidence has suggested that dietary flavonoids may protect against heart disease but biological effects have not hitherto been demonstrated directly in humans and there was no consistent evidence about the absorption of flavonoids. The studies performed for this thesis aimed to test antioxidant properties of flavonoids using an in vitro system, ex vivo tests on human tissue (lymphocytes) and in a dietary intervention. The main conclusions of this thesis are: 1. There is a potent antioxidant action of dietary flavonoids demonstrated by the comet assay, of potential importance in protection against cardiovascular disease and cancer. 2. The antioxidant capacities of most major dietary flavonoids are greater than vitamin C. 3. Results from the comet assay and TEAC show reasonable agreement in ranking. 4. Antioxidant activities of free flavonoids are more than the conjugated flavonoids. 5. There was a strong positive correlation between the number of hydroxyl groups of flavonoids and the antioxidant activity. 6. Dietary flavonoids are absorbed and the fasting plasma concentration can be increased 12 fold by a simple and palatable food supplement. 7. Supplementation with onions, tomato ketchup and tea led to protection of lymphocytes against free radical damage (H2O2), a biological effect of potential medical importance possibly attributable to the absorption of dietary flavonoids. 8. Dietary flavonoids intake (and specifically quercetin) can be estimated with reasonable accuracy from 24 hour urinary flavonoid excretion or fasting plasma concentration. 9. The range of dietary flavonoid consumption in ten NIDDM patients was estimated at 20-80 mg/day from their normal diets. On the basis of results in this thesis, dietary difference within this range would influence tissue antioxidant status.
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Kavuru, Padmini. "Crystal engineering of flavonoids." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002463.

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Tangerina, Marcelo Marucci Pereira [UNESP]. "Extratos padronizados para o tratamento de doenças crônicas: Machaerium hirtium." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/97015.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:28:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-01-18Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:37:14Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 tangerina_mmp_me_araiq.pdf: 816490 bytes, checksum: 96f94fafc62bd5399efe597d9ef3fb05 (MD5)
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
O uso de fitoterápicos padronizados com assegurada comprovação de eficácia e segurança tem apresentado resultados terapêuticos surpreendentes em diversos países. Contudo, no Brasil, onde há grande potencial de produção de fitoterápicos devido a sua enorme biodiversidade, há deficiências na correta caracterização química das matérias-primas e escassez de ensaios farmacológicos e toxicológicos desses materiais, etapas essenciais para assegurar eficácia e segurança dos fitoterápicos. Machaerium hirtum (Fabaceae) é utilizada popularmente para o tratamento de diarréia, tosse e câncer. Um estudo químico que identifique as substâncias presentes nesta espécie e as quantifique pode fornecer subsídios para o entendimento destas atividades. A primeira etapa consistiu no isolamento das substâncias do extrato EtOH 70% das partes aéreas de M. hirtum por meio de cromatografia de permeação em gel seguida de purificação das substâncias por HPLC-RI. A identificação das substâncias foi feita por Ressonância Magnética Nuclear e por Espectrometria de Massas. O perfil químico do extrato foi estabelecido por HPLC-PDA e a quantificação das substâncias foi feita com base em suas agliconas, pelo método da calibração externa. Foi possível identificar as flavonas saponarina (8,69 ± 0,46 mg/g de extrato), isovitexina (6,44 ± 0,45 mg/g de extrato), isoorientina, que se apresentou abaixo do limite de quantificação (LOQ) e swertisina, presente no perfil cromatográfico em co-eluição com outra substância. Tais resultados são fundamentais para a padronização do extrato EtOH 70% das folhas de Machaerium hirtum
The use of standardized phytomedicines with proven efficacy and safety has shown surprising therapeutic results in various countries. Brazil has great potential for production of herbal medicine due to its enormous biodiversity. However, there are deficiencies in the correct characterization of chemical raw materials and few reliable pharmacological and toxicological tests of these materials, essential steps to ensure efficacy and safety of herbal medicines. Machaerium hirtum (Fabaceae) is popularly used to treat diarrhea, cough and cancer. A chemical study to identify the substances present in this species may provide and quantify contributions to the understanding of these activities. The first step was the isolation of substances of 70% EtOH extract of aerial parts of M. hirtum by gel permeation chromatography followed by purification of substances by HPLC-RI. The identification of substances was performed by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Mass Spectrometry. The chemical profile of the extract was established by HPLC-PDA and quantification of the substances was based on their aglycones by the method of external calibration. It was possible to identify the flavones saponarin (8,69 ± 0,46 mg/g of extract), isovitexin (6,44 ± 0,45 mg/g of extract), isoorientin, which was below the limit of quantification (LOQ) and swertisin, present in the chromatographic profile in co-elution with another substance. These results are fundamental to the standardization of the crude 70% EtOH extract from the leaves of Machaerium hirtum
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Books on the topic "Flavonoids"

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Harborne, J. B., ed. The Flavonoids. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2911-2.

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Harborne, J. B., ed. The Flavonoids. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2913-6.

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Saini, Deepika, Rajesh K. Kesharwani, and Raj K. Keservani. The Flavonoids. New York: Apple Academic Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003399964.

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M, Andersen Øyvind, and Markham Kenneth R, eds. Flavonoids: Chemistry, biochemistry, and applications. Boca Raton, FL: Taylor&Francis, 2005.

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Kesharwani, Rajesh K., Deepika Saini, Raj K. Keservani, and Anil Kumar Sharma. Flavonoids as Nutraceuticals. New York: Apple Academic Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003412441.

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Buslig, Béla S., and John A. Manthey, eds. Flavonoids in Cell Function. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5235-9.

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Grotewold, Erich, ed. The Science of Flavonoids. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-28822-2.

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Grotewold, Erich, ed. The Science of Flavonoids. New York: Springer-Verlag, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-387-28822-8.

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Lester, Packer, ed. Flavonoids and other polyphenols. San Diego, Calif: Academic Press, 2001.

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S, Buslig Béla, Manthey John A, American Chemical Society, and American Chemical Society Meeting, eds. Flavonoids in cell function. New York: Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Flavonoids"

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Harborne, J. B. "Flavonoids." In Natural Products of Woody Plants, 533–70. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74075-6_16.

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Hodek, Petr. "Flavonoids." In Metabolism of Drugs and Other Xenobiotics, 543–82. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527630905.ch20.

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Schwab, Manfred. "Flavonoids." In Encyclopedia of Cancer, 1. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27841-9_2204-2.

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Seigler, David S. "Flavonoids." In Plant Secondary Metabolism, 151–92. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4913-0_11.

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Antunes-Ricardo, Marilena, and Janet Alejandra Gutiérrez-Uribe. "Flavonoids." In Phenolic Compounds in Food, 173–84. Boca Raton : CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, 2018.: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315120157-10.

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Ribeiro, Tânia Bragança, Adma Melo, Ana A. Vilas-Boas, and Manuela Pintado. "Flavonoids." In Natural Secondary Metabolites, 73–105. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18587-8_4.

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Gangapuram, Madhavi, and Kinfe K. Redda. "Flavonoids." In Flavonoids and Anti-Aging, 1–22. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003225225-1.

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Nagu, Priyanka, Pankaj Sharma, Arun Parashar, Minaxi Sharma, Baskaran Stephen Inbaraj, Vineet Mehta, and Kandi Sridhar. "Flavonoids." In Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Activity of Flavonoids, 1–11. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003433200-1.

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Abidharini, Jothi Dheivasikamani, Ayyadurai Pavithra, Arthi Boro, Palanisamy Sampathkumar, Ramalingam Sivakumar, Saravanan Renuka, Gunna Sureshbabu Suruthi, and Arumugam Vijaya Anand. "Flavonoids." In Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Activity of Flavonoids, 233–42. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003433200-20.

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Geiger, Hans. "Miscellaneous flavonoids." In The Flavonoids, 389–97. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2913-6_10.

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Conference papers on the topic "Flavonoids"

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Nartea, Mihaela, Maria Cojocaru-Toma, Cristina Ciobanu, Anna Benea, and Maria Cristeva. "Total content of flavonoids in species of the genus heichrysum." In Scientific seminar with international participation "New frontiers in natural product chemistry". Institute of Chemistry, Republic of Moldova, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19261/nfnpc.2023.ab20.

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The genus Helichrysum (Asteraceae) comprises about 600 species of perennial or annual plants distributed in Europe, Asia, and Africa, which are an abundant source of secondary metabolites, such as flavonoids, chalcones, phenolic acids, coumarins, pyrones, and terpenes [1]. In the Republic of Moldova only one species H. arenarium (L.) Moench-(popularly known as everlasting), occurs sporadically on the cliffs of the right bank of the Nistru River, in the landscape reserve "Climăuții de jos", in the Steppe Hills steppes, on the limestones of Naslavcea, with a declining population [2]. Another species H. italicum L. is recently introduced (2021) in the collection of the Scientific Practical Centre in the Field of Medicinal Plants of “Nicolae Testemițanu” State University of Medicine and Pharmacy. We proposed identification and assay of flavonoids from species of the genus Heichrysum (H. arenarium and H. italicum). Aerial parts and flowers of H. arenarium were collected from wild flora, and for H. italicum - from the collection. Flavonoids were identified by specific reactions as well as by thin layer chromatography. Determination of flavonoids was performed with aluminium chloride using a Metertech UV/VIS SP 8001 spectrophotometer. By colour reactions and CSS in the aerial parts and flowers of H. arenarium were identified: apigenin, luteolin, rutozide, quercetin, quercitrin, while in H. italicum: apigenin, rutozide, luteolin. The flavonoid concentration (mg/ml), expressed as rutin (λ=430nm) shows a higher content in the H. arenarii flores (1.46), followed by the H. italici flores (1.31), while the flavonoid content in the aerial parts is lower and varies from 0.80 for H. italicum to 0.89 for H. arenarium. Where the total flavonoid content (mg/ml), expressed as quercetin (λ=425nm) is higher and shows 10,69 in H. arenarii flores; 9,87 in H. italici flores, followed by aerial parts (2,76 for H. italicum to 3,62 for H. arenarium) with a maximum extraction in ethanol of 50% for all products.
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Djelić, Gorica, Vesna Veličković, and Milica Pavlović. "SESELI RIGIDUM WALDST. & KIT: SECONDARY METABOLITES AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF METHANOL, ETHYL ACETATE AND ACETONE EXTRACTS." In 2nd International Symposium on Biotechnology. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/sbt29.34gdj.

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Representatives of the Seseli genus are recognized for their biological activities. The objective of this study was to analyze the phenolic and flavonoid content, along with the antioxidant effects, of methanol, ethyl acetate, and acetone extracts obtained from the roots, leaves, stems, and fruits of S. rigidum. Through spectrophotometric measurements of phenols and flavonoids, the results revealed that the polar (methanol) solvent extract from the leaves exhibited the highest concentrations of phenols (98.66 ± 2.64 mg GA/g) and flavonoids (20.74 ± 0.55 mg RU/g), surpassing those obtained from the stem. Specifically, the methanol extract from the leaves demonstrated the highest antioxidant activity at 25.87 ± 0.05 μg/mL, while the fruit extract exhibited the lowest antioxidant activity at 638.5 ± 0.01 μg/mL. Notably, the total phenol content displayed a strong positive correlation with the antioxidant activity of the extracts, unlike the total flavonoid content.
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Almughraby, E., M. I. Kalimullin, A. A. Mostyakova, and O. A. Timofeeva. "VARIETY SPECIFICITY OF PHYTOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION B. OLERACEA L. VAR. ACEPHALA." In STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF AGRIBUSINESS. DSTU-PRINT, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/interagro.2020.1.340-343.

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Purpose of work - Comparative analysis the content of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, carotenoids, vitamin C, protein and sugars in different varieties of cabbage kale (B. oleracea L. convar. Acephala). As an object of study, we used 2 varieties of cabbage kale - Premier cabbage, Dwarf Blue Curled with green leaves, Redbor with red leaves and Scarlet with purple. It was shown that the content of phenolic compounds and flavonoids was significantly higher in red varieties, compared with green. The content of carotenoids was higher in green varieties. The highest content of flavonoid was found in the variety «Scarlet» and vitamin C in the variety «Redbor». However, the amount of proteins and sugars, there were no significant differences between the varieties.
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Zavodnik, I. B., E. A. Lapshina, T. V. Ilyich, A. G. Veiko, T. A. Kovalenia, and V. U. Buko. "REGULATORY, ANTIOXIDATIVE AND HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF PLANT POLYPHENOLS AND THEIR NANOSTRUCTURED COMPLEXES." In SAKHAROV READINGS 2021: ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OF THE XXI CENTURY. International Sakharov Environmental Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46646/sakh-2021-1-255-258.

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Flavonoids, secondary plant metabolites, demonstrate a wide range of biological and pharmacological activities. In our experiment, flavonoids and their complexes with cyclodextrins (10—100 gM) dose-dependently prevented lipid peroxidation of erythrocyte and mitochondrial membranes, inhibited oxidation of reduced glutathione, and modulated the proapoptotic process of the mitochondrial permeability transition pores formation, that depends on flavonoid lipophilicity and structures. Generation of maps of the electron density distribution in the quercetin molecule and the quercetin semiquinone radical shows that the active electronic orbitals of quercetin and its semiquinone radical are delocalized along the phenolic rings, which, in the case of a radical, increases radical stability. The quercetin-hydroxypropyl-e-cyclodextrin complex proved to be a more effective antioxidant.
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Rodríguez-Ramírez, Juan, Irene Chaparro-Hernández, Lilia L. Méndez-Lagunas, and Luis Gerardo Barriada-Bernal. "Effect of spray drying conditions on antioxidants activity, flavonoids and total phenolic compounds of stevia rebaudiana." In 21st International Drying Symposium. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ids2018.2018.7518.

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In this work the spray drying of the fresh stevia leaves aqueous extract without encapsulating agents was carried out. The effect of the inlet air temperature (160-200 ºC) and the feed flow rate (2-3 kg/h) on the total phenolic content, the total flavonoid content and the antioxidant capacity were evaluated using Folin-Ciocalteau, aluminum chloride and DPPH methods respectively. The inlet air temperature had a significant effect on all parameters evaluated that showed a decrease when increasing the inlet air temperature, the feed flow rate had a significant effect on total flavonoids content and the antioxidant capacity, by increasing the feed flow rate the inhibition of the DPPH radical decreased and the total flavonoid content increased. The treatment at 160 ºC and 3 kg/h retained highest total flavonoid content and the antioxidant capacity. Keywords: Phenolic compounds, stevia, spray drying, antioxidant capacity
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Subbotina, E. A. "FLAVONOIDS IN BEE PRODUCTS." In Современные проблемы пчеловодства и апитерапии. Рыбное: Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Федеральный научный центр пчеловодства", 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51759/pchel_api_2021_463.

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Mitić, Milan, Pavle Mašković, and Jelena Mitić. "MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF TOTAL FLAVONOID COMPOUNDS EXTRACTION FROM DILL (Anethum graveolens L.) LEAVES." In XXVII savetovanje o biotehnologiji. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/sbt27.389m.

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In this paper, extraction of the total flavonoid compounds from dill (Anethum graveolens L) leaves using an aqueous ethanol solution (50% by volume) was studied at different temperatures (30, 40, and 50 0C). A physical unsteady- state diffusion model and empirical Ponomarev model were developed to model the extraction process’s kinetics. The enthalpy and entropy changes were positive, while the Gibbs free energy was negative and decreased when temperature increased during the thermodynamic analysis. Therefore, extraction of total flavonoids from dill leaves was endothermic, spontaneous, and irreversible.
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Syafni, N., AM Klemd, JK Reinhardt, O. Danton, C. Gründemann, and M. Hamburger. "Immunosuppressant flavonoids from Scutellaria baicalensis." In 67th International Congress and Annual Meeting of the Society for Medicinal Plant and Natural Product Research (GA) in cooperation with the French Society of Pharmacognosy AFERP. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3399888.

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Xu, Ying, Qichang Dai, Zongze Luan, Zheng Xiang, Jian Wu, and Yuling Fan. "Three Flavonoids from Cycas Revoluta." In The 2nd International Conference on Intelligent Systems and Image Processing 2014. The Institute of Industrial Applications Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.12792/icisip2014.054.

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Todorović, Jovana D., Aleksandra D. Vesić, Nevena N. Petrović, and Marijana M. Kosanić. "Edible mushrooms as promising antioxidants." In 2nd International Conference on Chemo and Bioinformatics. Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/iccbi23.300t.

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Antioxidant activity of the acetone extracts of the mushrooms Macrolepiota procera and Chlorophyllum rhacodes has been screened in vitro by using different methods (DPPH radical scavenging and reducing power assay), and also it has been determined the total phenolic compounds as total flavonoid content. The research findings indicate that the acetone extract of M. procera demonstrated superior antioxidant activities when compared to C. rhacodes. Similarly, the mushroom M. procera displayed a more pronounced effect on reducing power. In addition, the total content of phenol and flavonoid in extracts were determined as pyrocatechol equivalent, and as rutin equivalent, respectively. A higher content of total phenols and flavonoids was detected in the extract of M. procera. The strong relationships between total phenolic and flavonoid contents and the antioxidative activities of tested extracts imply that these compounds have a significant impact on antioxidant activity. The present study highlights that the tested mushroom species exhibit potent antioxidant properties and can be regarded as valuable sources of natural antioxidants.
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Reports on the topic "Flavonoids"

1

Henning, Susanne. Flavonoids and DNA Repair in Prostate Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada448584.

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Henning, Susanne M. Flavonoids and DNA Repair in Prostate Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada434003.

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Phillips, Donald, and Yoram Kapulnik. Using Flavonoids to Control in vitro Development of Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi. United States Department of Agriculture, January 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7613012.bard.

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Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi and other beneficial rhizosphere microorganisms, such as Rhizobium bacteria, must locate and infect a host plant before either symbiont profits. Although benefits of the VAM association for increased phosphorous uptake have been widely documented, attempts to improve the fungus and to produce agronomically useful amounts of inoculum have failed due to a lack of in vitro production methods. This project was designed to extend our prior observation that the alfalfa flavonoid quercetin promoted spore germination and hyphal growth of VAM fungi in the absence of a host plant. On the Israeli side of the project, a detailed examination of changes in flavonoids and flavonoid-biosynthetic enzymes during the early stages of VAM development in alfalfa found that VAM fungi elicited and then suppressed transcription of a plant gene coding for chalcone isomerase, which normally is associated with pathogenic infections. US workers collaborated in the identification of flavonoid compounds that appeared during VAM development. On the US side, an in vitro system for testing the effects of plant compounds on fungal spore germination and hyphal growth was developed for use, and intensive analyses of natural products released from alfalfa seedlings grown in the presence and absence of microorganisms were conducted. Two betaines, trigonelline and stachydrine, were identified as being released from alfalfa seeds in much higher concentrations than flavonoids, and these compounds functioned as transcriptional signals to another alfalfa microsymbiont, Rhizobium meliloti. However, these betaines had no effect on VAM spore germination or hyphal growth i vitro. Experiments showed that symbiotic bacteria elicited exudation of the isoflavonoids medicarpin and coumestrol from legume roots, but neither compound promoted growth or germination of VAM fungi in vitro. Attempts to look directly in alfalfa rhizosphere soil for microbiologically active plant products measured a gradient of nod-gene-inducing activity in R. meliloti, but no novel compounds were identified for testing in the VAM fungal system in vitro. Israeli field experiments on agricultural applications of VAM were very successful and developed methods for using VAM to overcome stunting in peanuts and garlic grown in Israel. In addition, deleterious effects of soil solarization on growth of onion, carrot and wheat were linked to effects on VAM fungi. A collaborative combination of basic and applied approaches toward enhancing the agronomic benefits of VAM asociations produced new knowledge on symbiotic biology and successful methods for using VAM inocula under field conditions
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Busby, Ryan, David Ringelberg, and Carina Jung. Flavonoids Differentially Influence Rhizosphere Bacterial Communities from Native and Introduced Lespedeza Roots. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/28063.

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Yao, Jia, Xianzhe Wang, Jia Zhao, Zhaojun Yang, Yuping Lin, Lu Sun, Yuan Zhang, Qiyun Lu, and Guanjie Fan. Flavonoids for viral acute respiratory tract infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.8.0107.

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Carraway, Robert E., and Paul Dobner. Prostate Cancer Cell Growth: Stimulatory Role of Neurotensin and Mechanism of Inhibition by Flavonoids as Related to Protein Kinase C. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada499617.

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Yao, Jia, Jia Zhao, Zhaojun Yang, Yuping Lin, Qiyun Lu, Wenwen Xie, Jianxuan Wen, and Guanjie Fan. Flavonoids on insulin resistance in overweight and obesity subjects: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.2.0011.

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Cao, Qian, Junjie Wu, Xintao Liu, and Jianbo Chen. Anti-osteoporosis Effects and Possible Mechanisms of the Total Flavonoids of Epimedium in Rat Models of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.10.0058.

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GAFNER, STEFAN. Ginkgo Leaf Extract Laboratory Guidance Document. ABC-AHP-NCNPR Botanical Adulterants Prevention Program, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.59520/bapp.lgd/zuyx3621.

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Adulteration of ginkgo leaf extracts with extracts from flavonol-rich extracts from sources such as Japanese sophora is well documented in the literature. The partial or complete substitution of ginkgo extracts with flavonol-rich ingredients, or highly purified flavonoids (e.g., quercetin or rutin) from other sources (Table 1) was documented as early as 2003, and has been evidenced in over 20 peer-reviewed publications since. This Laboratory Guidance Document (LGD) presents a review of the various analytical methods used to differentiate between authentic ginkgo leaf extracts and ingredients containing adulterating materials. This document can be used in conjunction with the Ginkgo biloba leaf extract Botanical Adulterants Prevention Bulletin published by the ABC-AHP-NCNPR Botanical Adulterants Prevention Program in 2018 and the AHP Ginkgo Monograph and Therapeutic Compendium.
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Eyal, Yoram, Gloria Moore, and Efraim Lewinsohn. Study and Manipulation of the Flavanoid Biosynthetic Pathway in Citrus for Flavor Engineering and Seedless Fruit. United States Department of Agriculture, October 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7570547.bard.

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The proposal was aimed to identify and functionally characterize key genes/enzymes in the citrus flavanone neohesperidoside biosynthetic pathway and to use them as tools for metabolic engineering to decrease bitterness levels in grapefruit. The proposed section on fruit seediness was dropped as suggested by the reviewers of the proposal. Citrus flavor and aroma is composed of complex combinations of soluble and volatile compounds. The former includes mainly sugars, acids and flavanones, a subgroup of flavonoids that includes bitter compounds responsible for the bitter flavor of grapefruit and pummelo. Bitter species contain mostly bitter flavanone neohesperidosides, while non-bitter species contain mostly tasteless flavanone rutinosides. Both flavanone versions are diglycosides consisting of a rhamnose-glucose oligosaccharide a-linked at position 7 to the flavanone skeleton. However, in the bitter neohesperidosides the rhamnose is attached at position 2 of the glucose moiety, while in the tasteless rutinosides the rhamnose is attached at position 6 of the glucose moiety. Thus, the position of the rhamnose moiety, determined by the specificity of the last enzymes in the pathway- rhamnosyltransferase (1,2 or 1,6 specificity), is the determinant of the bitter flavor. Flavanones, like all flavonoids are synthesized via one of the branches of the phenylpropanoid pathway; the first committed step is catalyzed by the enzyme Chalcone synthase (CHS) followed by Chalcone isomerase (CHI). During the course of the work a key gene/enzyme in the biosynthesis of the bitter flavanones, a 1,2 rhamnosyltransferase (1,2RT), was functionally characterized using a transgenic cell-culture biotransformation system, confirming that this gene is a prime candidate for metabolic engineering of the pathway. This is the first direct functional evidence for the activity of a plant recombinant rhamnosyltransferase, the first confirmed rhamnosyltransferase gene with 1,2 specificity and the second confirmed rhamnosyltransferase gene altogether in plants. Additional genes of the flavanone pathway that were isolated during this work and are potential tools for metabolic engineering include (I) A putative 1,6 rhamnosyltransferase (1,6RT) from oranges, that is presumed to catalyze the biosynthesis of the tasteless flavanones. This gene is a prime candidate for use in future metabolic engineering for decreased bitterness and is currently being functionally characterized using the biotransformation system developed for characterizing rhamnosyltransferases. (2) A putative 7-0-glucosyltransferase presumed to catalyze the first glycosylation step of the flavanone aglycones. Silencing of gene expression in grapefruit was attempted using three genes: (1) The "upstream" flavonoid biosynthesis genes CHS and CHI, by antisense and co-suppression; and (2) The "downstream" 1,2R T, by an RNAi approach. CHS and CHI silencing resulted in some plants with a dramatically decreased level of the bitter flavanone neohesperidoside naringin in leaves. We have yet to study the long-term effect of silencing these genes on tree physiology, and on the actual bitterness of fruit. The effect of 1,2RT silencing on naringin content in grapefruit has yet to be examined, but a slow growth phenotype for these plants was noted. We speculate that silencing of the final glycosylation step of the flavanones delays their evacuation to the vacuole, resulting in accumulation of flavanones in the cytoplasm, causing inhibitory effects on plant growth. This speculation is yet to be established at the product level. Future metabolic engineering experiments are planned with 1,6RT following functional characterization.
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