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Academic literature on the topic 'Flaviviruses'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Flaviviruses"

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Heinz, Franz X., and Karin Stiasny. "Flaviviruses and flavivirus vaccines." Vaccine 30, no. 29 (June 2012): 4301–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.09.114.

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2

Huhtamo, Eili, Niina Putkuri, Satu Kurkela, Tytti Manni, Antti Vaheri, Olli Vapalahti, and Nathalie Y. Uzcátegui. "Characterization of a Novel Flavivirus from Mosquitoes in Northern Europe That Is Related to Mosquito-Borne Flaviviruses of the Tropics." Journal of Virology 83, no. 18 (July 1, 2009): 9532–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00529-09.

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ABSTRACT A novel flavivirus was isolated from mosquitoes in Finland, representing the first mosquito-borne flavivirus from Northern Europe. The isolate, designated Lammi virus (LAMV), was antigenically cross-reactive with other flaviviruses and exhibited typical flavivirus morphology as determined by electron microscopy. The genomic sequence of LAMV was highly divergent from the recognized flaviviruses, and yet the polyprotein properties resembled those of mosquito-borne flaviviruses. Phylogenetic analysis of the complete coding sequence showed that LAMV represented a distinct lineage related to the Aedes sp.-transmitted human pathogenic flaviviruses, similarly to the newly described Nounané virus (NOUV), a flavivirus from Africa (S. Junglen et al., J. Virol. 83:4462-4468, 2009). Despite the low sequence homology, LAMV and NOUV were phylogenetically grouped closely, likely representing separate species of a novel group of flaviviruses. Despite the biological properties preferring replication in mosquito cells, the genetic relatedness of LAMV to viruses associated with vertebrate hosts warrants a search for disease associations.
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Alkan, Cigdem, Sonia Zapata, Laurence Bichaud, Grégory Moureau, Philippe Lemey, Andrew E. Firth, Tamara S. Gritsun, et al. "Ecuador Paraiso Escondido Virus, a New Flavivirus Isolated from New World Sand Flies in Ecuador, Is the First Representative of a Novel Clade in the Genus Flavivirus." Journal of Virology 89, no. 23 (September 9, 2015): 11773–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01543-15.

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ABSTRACTA new flavivirus, Ecuador Paraiso Escondido virus (EPEV), named after the village where it was discovered, was isolated from sand flies (Psathyromyia abonnenci, formerlyLutzomyia abonnenci) that are unique to the New World. This represents the first sand fly-borne flavivirus identified in the New World. EPEV exhibited a typical flavivirus genome organization. Nevertheless, the maximum pairwise amino acid sequence identity with currently recognized flaviviruses was 52.8%. Phylogenetic analysis of the complete coding sequence showed that EPEV represents a distinct clade which diverged from a lineage that was ancestral to the nonvectored flaviviruses Entebbe bat virus, Yokose virus, and Sokoluk virus and also theAedes-associated mosquito-borne flaviviruses, which include yellow fever virus, Sepik virus, Saboya virus, and others. EPEV replicated in C6/36 mosquito cells, yielding high infectious titers, but failed to reproduce either in vertebrate cell lines (Vero, BHK, SW13, and XTC cells) or in suckling mouse brains. This surprising result, which appears to eliminate an association with vertebrate hosts in the life cycle of EPEV, is discussed in the context of the evolutionary origins of EPEV in the New World.IMPORTANCEThe flaviviruses are rarely (if ever) vectored by sand fly species, at least in the Old World. We have identified the first representative of a sand fly-associated flavivirus, Ecuador Paraiso Escondido virus (EPEV), in the New World. EPEV constitutes a novel clade according to current knowledge of the flaviviruses. Phylogenetic analysis of the virus genome showed that EPEV roots theAedes-associated mosquito-borne flaviviruses, including yellow fever virus. In light of this new discovery, the New World origin of EPEV is discussed together with that of the other flaviviruses.
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Dong, Hao-Long, Mei-Juan He, Qing-Yang Wang, Jia-Zhen Cui, Zhi-Li Chen, Xiang-Hua Xiong, Lian-Cheng Zhang, et al. "Rapid Generation of Recombinant Flaviviruses Using Circular Polymerase Extension Reaction." Vaccines 11, no. 7 (July 17, 2023): 1250. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11071250.

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The genus Flavivirus is a group of arthropod-borne single-stranded RNA viruses, which includes important human and animal pathogens such as Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), Zika virus (ZIKV), Dengue virus (DENV), yellow fever virus (YFV), West Nile virus (WNV), and Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV). Reverse genetics has been a useful tool for understanding biological properties and the pathogenesis of flaviviruses. However, the conventional construction of full-length infectious clones for flavivirus is time-consuming and difficult due to the toxicity of the flavivirus genome to E. coli. Herein, we applied a simple, rapid, and bacterium-free circular polymerase extension reaction (CPER) method to synthesize recombinant flaviviruses in vertebrate cells as well as insect cells. We started with the de novo synthesis of the JEV vaccine strain SA-14-14-2 in Vero cells using CPER, and then modified the CPER method to recover insect-specific flaviviruses (ISFs) in mosquito C6/36 cells. Chimeric Zika virus (ChinZIKV) based on the Chaoyang virus (CYV) backbone and the Culex flavivirus reporter virus expressing green fluorescent protein (CxFV-GFP) were subsequently rescued in C6/36 cells. CPER is a simple method for the rapid generation of flaviviruses and other potential RNA viruses. A CPER-based recovery system for flaviviruses of different host ranges was established, which would facilitate the development of countermeasures against flavivirus outbreaks in the future.
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Cook, Shelley, Gregory Moureau, Andrew Kitchen, Ernest A. Gould, Xavier de Lamballerie, Edward C. Holmes, and Ralph E. Harbach. "Molecular evolution of the insect-specific flaviviruses." Journal of General Virology 93, no. 2 (February 1, 2012): 223–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.036525-0.

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There has been an explosion in the discovery of ‘insect-specific’ flaviviruses and/or their related sequences in natural mosquito populations. Herein we review all ‘insect-specific’ flavivirus sequences currently available and conduct phylogenetic analyses of both the ‘insect-specific’ flaviviruses and available sequences of the entire genus Flavivirus. We show that there is no statistical support for virus–mosquito co-divergence, suggesting that the ‘insect-specific’ flaviviruses may have undergone multiple introductions with frequent host switching. We discuss potential implications for the evolution of vectoring within the family Flaviviridae. We also provide preliminary evidence for potential recombination events in the history of cell fusing agent virus. Finally, we consider priorities and guidelines for future research on ‘insect-specific’ flaviviruses, including the vast potential that exists for the study of biodiversity within a range of potential hosts and vectors, and its effect on the emergence and maintenance of the flaviviruses.
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Gibbs, Tristan, and David J. Speers. "Neurological disease caused by flavivirus infections." Microbiology Australia 39, no. 2 (2018): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ma18029.

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The Flavivirus genus contains dozens of species with varying geographical distributions. Most flavivirus infections in humans are asymptomatic or manifest as a non-specific febrile illness, sometimes accompanied by rash or arthralgia. Certain species are more commonly associated with neurological disease and may be termed neurotropic flaviviruses. Several flaviviruses endemic to Australia and our near northern neighbours are neurotropic, such as Murray Valley encephalitis virus, West Nile (Kunjin) virus and Japanese encephalitis virus. Flavivirus neurological disease ranges from self-limiting meningitis to fulminant encephalitis causing permanent debilitating neurological sequelae or death. The recent Zika virus outbreak in South America has highlighted the dramatic effects of flavivirus neurotropism on the developing brain. This article focuses on the neurotropic flaviviruses endemic to Australia and those of international significance.
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Liao, Ching-Len, Yi-Ling Lin, Bi-Ching Wu, Chang-Huei Tsao, Mei-Chuan Wang, Chiu-I. Liu, Yue-Ling Huang, Jui-Hui Chen, Jia-Pey Wang, and Li-Kuang Chen. "Salicylates Inhibit Flavivirus Replication Independently of Blocking Nuclear Factor Kappa B Activation." Journal of Virology 75, no. 17 (September 1, 2001): 7828–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.75.17.7828-7839.2001.

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ABSTRACT Flaviviruses comprise a positive-sense RNA genome that replicates exclusively in the cytoplasm of infected cells. Whether flaviviruses require an activated nuclear factor(s) to complete their life cycle and trigger apoptosis in infected cells remains elusive. Flavivirus infections quickly activate nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and salicylates have been shown to inhibit NF-κB activation. In this study, we investigated whether salicylates suppress flavivirus replication and virus-induced apoptosis in cultured cells. In a dose-dependent inhibition, we found salicylates within a range of 1 to 5 mM not only restricted flavivirus replication but also abrogated flavivirus-triggered apoptosis. However, flavivirus replication was not affected by a specific NF-κB peptide inhibitor, SN50, and a proteosome inhibitor, lactacystin. Flaviviruses also replicated and triggered apoptosis in cells stably expressing IκBα-ΔN, a dominant-negative mutant that antagonizes NF-κB activation, as readily as in wild-type BHK-21 cells, suggesting that NF-κB activation is not essential for either flavivirus replication or flavivirus-induced apoptosis. Salicylates still diminished flavivirus replication and blocked apoptosis in the same IκBα-ΔN cells. This inhibition of flaviviruses by salicylates could be partially reversed by a specific p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase inhibitor, SB203580. Together, these results show that the mechanism by which salicylates suppress flavivirus infection may involve p38 MAP kinase activity but is independent of blocking the NF-κB pathway.
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Hou, Baohua, Hui Chen, Na Gao, and Jing An. "Cross-Reactive Immunity among Five Medically Important Mosquito-Borne Flaviviruses Related to Human Diseases." Viruses 14, no. 6 (June 2, 2022): 1213. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14061213.

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Flaviviruses cause a spectrum of potentially severe diseases. Most flaviviruses are transmitted by mosquitoes or ticks and are widely distributed all over the world. Among them, several mosquito-borne flaviviruses are co-epidemic, and the similarity of their antigenicity creates abundant cross-reactive immune responses which complicate their prevention and control. At present, only effective vaccines against yellow fever and Japanese encephalitis have been used clinically, while the optimal vaccines against other flavivirus diseases are still under development. The antibody-dependent enhancement generated by cross-reactive immune responses against different serotypes of dengue virus makes the development of the dengue fever vaccine a bottleneck. It has been proposed that the cross-reactive immunity elicited by prior infection of mosquito-borne flavivirus could also affect the outcome of the subsequent infection of heterologous flavivirus. In this review, we focused on five medically important flaviviruses, and rearranged and recapitulated their cross-reactive immunity in detail from the perspectives of serological experiments in vitro, animal experiments in vivo, and human cohort studies. We look forward to providing references and new insights for the research of flavivirus vaccines and specific prevention.
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Guarido, Milehna M., Kamini Govender, Megan A. Riddin, Maarten Schrama, Erin E. Gorsich, Basil D. Brooke, Antonio Paulo Gouveia Almeida, and Marietjie Venter. "Detection of Insect-Specific Flaviviruses in Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in Northeastern Regions of South Africa." Viruses 13, no. 11 (October 25, 2021): 2148. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13112148.

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Mosquitoes in the Aedes and Culex genera are considered the main vectors of pathogenic flaviviruses worldwide. Entomological surveillance using universal flavivirus sets of primers in mosquitoes can detect not only pathogenic viruses but also insect-specific ones. It is hypothesized that insect-specific flaviviruses, which naturally infect these mosquitoes, may influence their vector competence for zoonotic arboviruses. Here, entomological surveillance was performed between January 2014 and May 2018 in five different provinces in the northeastern parts of South Africa, with the aim of identifying circulating flaviviruses. Mosquitoes were sampled using different carbon dioxide trap types. Overall, 64,603 adult mosquitoes were collected, which were screened by RT-PCR and sequencing. In total, 17 pools were found positive for insect-specific Flaviviruses in the mosquito genera Aedes (12/17, 70.59%) and Anopheles (5/17, 29.41%). No insect-specific viruses were detected in Culex species. Cell-fusing agent viruses were detected in Aedes aegypti and Aedes caballus. A range of anopheline mosquitoes, including Anopheles coustani, An. squamosus and An. maculipalpis, were positive for Culex flavivirus-like and Anopheles flaviviruses. These results confirm the presence of insect-specific flaviviruses in mosquito populations in South Africa, expands their geographical range and indicates potential mosquito species as vector species.
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Habarugira, Gervais, Jasmin Moran, Jessica J. Harrison, Sally R. Isberg, Jody Hobson-Peters, Roy A. Hall, and Helle Bielefeldt-Ohmann. "Evidence of Infection with Zoonotic Mosquito-Borne Flaviviruses in Saltwater Crocodiles (Crocodylus porosus) in Northern Australia." Viruses 14, no. 5 (May 21, 2022): 1106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14051106.

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The risk of flavivirus infections among the crocodilian species was not recognised until West Nile virus (WNV) was introduced into the Americas. The first outbreaks caused death and substantial economic losses in the alligator farming industry. Several other WNV disease episodes have been reported in crocodilians in other parts of the world, including Australia and Africa. Considering that WNV shares vectors with other flaviviruses, crocodilians are highly likely to also be exposed to flaviviruses other than WNV. A serological survey for flaviviral infections was conducted on saltwater crocodiles (Crocodylus porosus) at farms in the Northern Territory, Australia. Five hundred serum samples, collected from three crocodile farms, were screened using a pan-flavivirus-specific blocking ELISA. The screening revealed that 26% (n = 130/500) of the animals had antibodies to flaviviruses. Of these, 31.5% had neutralising antibodies to WNVKUN (Kunjin strain), while 1.5% had neutralising antibodies to another important flavivirus pathogen, Murray Valley encephalitis virus (MVEV). Of the other flaviviruses tested for, Fitzroy River virus (FRV) was the most frequent (58.5%) in which virus neutralising antibodies were detected. Our data indicate that farmed crocodiles in the Northern Territory are exposed to a range of potentially zoonotic flaviviruses, in addition to WNVKUN. While these flaviviruses do not cause any known diseases in crocodiles, there is a need to investigate whether infected saltwater crocodiles can develop a viremia to sustain the transmission cycle or farmed crocodilians can be used as sentinels to monitor the dynamics of arboviral infections in tropical areas.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Flaviviruses"

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Shomiad, Shueb Rafidah Hanim. "Contribution of different components of innate and adaptive immunity to severity of flavivirus-induced encephalitis in susceptible and resistant hosts." University of Western Australia. School of Biomedical, Biomolecular and Chemical Sciences, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0199.

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[Truncate abstract] Flaviviruses are small, positive-stranded RNA viruses belonging to the family Flaviviridae. Flavivirus infection in humans could cause diseases ranging from febrile illnesses to fatal encephalitis. Mice provide a useful small animal model to study flavivirus-induced encephalitis in humans since mice also develop encephalitis during flavivirus infection. Some strains of mice have been shown to be resistant to flavivirus challenge and this resistance is conferred by a single autosomal dominant gene, designated as Flvr. Recently, OAS1b gene has been identified to be a gene candidate for Flvr. Several congenic resistant mouse strains have been developed by introducing resistance genes from outbred or wild mice onto the genetic background of susceptible C3H mice. These new resistant strains that carry different allelic variants at the Flv locus include C3H/PRI-Flvr (RV), C3H.MOLD-Flvmr (MOLD) and C3H.M.domesticus-Flvr-like (DUB), the latter two being developed in the same laboratory in which the work described in this thesis was accomplished. Preliminary studies in this laboratory found that flavivirus resistant mice are vulnerable to certain flavivirus infections, particularly when challenged by intracerebral (i.c.) route. Intracerebral (i.c.) challenge with flaviviruses such as West Nile virus (WNV) Sarafend strain and Kunjin virus (KUNV) MRM16 strain were found to induce high mortality in flavivirus resistant mice while infection with Murray Valley encephalitis virus (MVEV) OR2 strain did not cause any apparent disease in the same mice. ... Thus, it can be concluded that CD8+ T cells exerted harmful effect to resistant DUB mice during KUNV i.c. infection by producing excessive IFN[gamma] that could be toxic, causing functional loss of the CNS cells. It was shown from in vitro studies that WNV had the highest tropism for macrophages and dendritic cells, followed by KUNV. MVEV however did not replicate well in these cells. This combined with the data from the in vivo studies indicates that macrophages might be involved in the pathogenesis of intraperitoneal (i.p.) infection of WNV but not KUNV and MVEV. The reason for this could be that the production of KUNV in macrophages may not be high enough to induce viraemia and subsequent fatal encephalitis in mice. In contrast, MVEV appears to use different mechanism or cells for virus dissemination. Although macrophages may not be involved in KUNV pathogenesis after i.p. infection, the fact that macrophages support KUNV replication in vitro may indicate the possibility that blood-borne macrophages were recruited to the brain where they can get infected with KUNV during i.c. infection and therefore could participate in KUNV pathogenesis in DUB mice. This study provides evidence for the first time on the detrimental effect of host antiviral immunity and inflammatory mediators during flavivirus i.c. infection in resistant mice. However, it also launches a new question on the selective cell tropism of KUNV versus MVEV responsible for inducing different pattern of immune responses and consequently leading to different outcomes of infection in resistant mice.
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Klitting, Bottero Raphaëlle. "Attenuation of viscerotropic flaviviruses." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0657/document.

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Avec plus de 20% de morts annuels dus aux maladies infectieuses, celles-ci restent un sujet majeur de santé publique. Des maladies d’origine virale (ré)émergent suite aux changements environnementaux, climatiques et sociétaux : le virus Ebola, la Dengue ou, plus récemment, le virus Zika. Dans ce contexte, il est donc aujourd’hui crucial de développer des vaccins efficaces et sûrs contre les infections virales émergentes. Ce projet de thèse vise à mettre en place une nouvelle stratégie de production de vaccins vivants atténués ciblant les virus à ARN en travaillant sur le virus de la fièvre jaune (genre Flavivirus). Après une analyse génomique qui a permis d’approfondir une technique de modification des virus appelée « ré-encodage », des mutants de la fièvre jaune ont été produits puis caractérisés in vitro et in vivo. En parallèle, un modèle rongeur de la fièvre jaune a été développé et a permis de tester in vivo à la fois l’innocuité et l’efficacité vaccinale des virus ré-encodés
Despite recent considerable improvements, infectious diseases remain a major issue for public health, with an estimated 20% of annual deaths caused by infections. Among them, viral diseases (re)emerge following environmental, climatic and societal changes: Ebola, Dengue and Zika viruses have recently been the object of special attention. The development of safe and efficient vaccines against emerging viruses is a major challenge for global public health. This thesis work is in line with this issue. Using the yellow fever virus (YFV, genus Flavivirus) as a model, we tried to define new strategies for the design of live-attenuated vaccines for viral infections prevention. After a genomic analysis that allowed to go further into a procedure for virus modification named “re-encoding”, we generated and characterised both in vitro and in vivo mutant strains of YFV. In parallel, a rodent model was set up to test in vivo both the safety and the protective efficiency of the re-encoded viruses
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Uzcategui, Cuello Nathalie Yumari. "Evolution and dispersal of mosquito-borne flaviviruses." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.288520.

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COSTA, Sónia Fernandes da. "Flaviviruses in mosquitoes from Southern Portugal, 2009-2010." Master's thesis, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/7156.

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Os flavivírus são vírus pertencentes à família Flaviviridae, género Flavivirus. Estes formam um grande grupo caraterizado pela sua ampla distribuição e diversidade genética. Os flavivírus são, na sua maioria, transmitidos por artrópodes vectores incluíndo agentes patogénicos para humanos e animais que podem potencialmente provocar grandes epidemias e causar elevadas taxas de mortalidade e morbidade. Nos últimos anos, tem-se registado uma grande expansão a nível da distribuição geográfica dos flavivirus e diversidade dos seus hospedeiros. O vírus do Nilo Ocidental tem sido continuamente detectado em toda a Europa recentemente, e também isolado de mosquitos colhidos no Sul de Portugal, onde já foram registados casos humanos e animais. O principal objectivo deste trabalho é o rastreio de flavivírus em mosquitos colhidos em duas regiões do Sul de Portugal, onde os mesmos foram anteriormente detectados. As colheitas de mosquitos foram realizadas em 24 locais em zonas húmidas nos districtos de Faro e Setúbal, através de armadilhas luminosas tipo CDC com CO2 e aspiradores mecânicos manuais para colheita de mosquitos em repouso em abrigos de animais. Os mosquitos colhidos foram agrupados por lotes contendo aproximadamente 50 espécimens cada, e rastreados para a presença de flavivírus por heminested RT-PCR, direccionado à amplificação de um pequeno fragmento do gene NS5 usando oligonucleótidos degenerados específicos para flavivírus. Entre Abril e Outubro de 2009 e 2010 foram colhidos no total 36273 mosquitos pertencentes às seguintes espécies: Anopheles algeriensis, An.atroparvus, Aedes berlandi, Ae.caspius, Ae.detritus, Coquillettidia richiardii, Culex laticinctus, Cx.pipiens, Cx.theileri, Cx.univittatus, Culiseta annulata, Cs.longiareolata, Cs.subochrea, e Uranotaenia unguiculata. As espécies mais abundantes foram Ae.caspius, Cx.theileri e Cx.pipiens, respectivamente. Contudo, as densidades de mosquitos foram variáveis de acordo com o método de colheita e área de amostragem. As densidades de mosquitos colhidos em 2010 foram quatro vezes superior às registadas no ano anterior. No total foram analisados 745 lotes dos quais 31% testaram positivos para a presença de sequências de flavivirus. As espécies que apresentaram taxas de positividade mais elevadas foram: An.algeriensis com uma Taxa Mínima de Infecção (TMI) de 56/1000 no Algarve em 2009, Cs.annulata TMI =22/1000 no Algarve em 2010, Cx.theileri e Cx.pipiens em Setúbal em 2010, TMI =20/1000. An. atroparvus, Ae. caspius, Ae. detritus e Cx. univittatus também produziram lotes positives. No geral, a positividade foi maior no Algarve. Análise das sequências virais obtidas revelou homologia das nossas sequências virais com sequências de referência de flavivírus específicos de mosquitos depositadas em bases de dados de acesso livre. A análise filogenética reflectiu a variabilidade genética dos flavivírus e revelou a relação genética das nossas sequências com as de outros flavivírus, especialmente os específicos de insectos. Tendo em consideração os anteriores isolamentos do vírus do Nilo Ocidental, o aumento acentuado nas densidades de mosquitos, o aumento de temperaturas que se tem vindo a registar, os casos recentes de transmissão de flavivírus por toda a Europa e o padrão desconhecido e imprevisível dos surtos destes vírus, os programas contínuos de vigilância epidemiológica têm-se revelado uma ferramenta indispensável para a Saúde Pública.
Flaviviruses are viruses belonging to the Flaviviridae family, genus Flavivirus. They comprise a large group of widely spread and genetically diverse arthropod-borne viruses including human and animal pathogens that can potentially cause large-scale epidemics and high mortality and morbidity. In the past few years, flaviviruses have largely expanded their geographical distribution and host range. West Nile virus has been continuously detected throughout Europe lately and has been isolated from mosquitoes in Southern Portugal, where human and animal cases have been reported. The main aim of this work was to search for flaviviruses in mosquitoes collected from two areas in Southern Portugal where West Nile virus and other flaviviruses have previously been detected. Mosquito surveys were carried out in 24 locations in the wetlands of the Faro and Setúbal districts, by CDC-CO2 light-traps and indoors resting collections. Pools containing approximately 50 mosquitoes were screened for flaviviruses by heminested RT-PCR, directed at the amplification of a small fragment of the viral NS5 gene, using degenerated flavivirus-specific primers. A total of 36273 mosquitoes were collected during 2009 and 2010 from April through October, from the following species: Anopheles algeriensis, An.atroparvus, Aedes berlandi, Ae. caspius, Ae. detritus, Coquillettidia richiardii, Culex laticinctus, Cx. pipiens, Cx. theileri, Cx. univittatus, Culiseta annulata, Cs. longiareolata, Cs. subochrea, and Uranotaenia unguiculata. Most abundant species were Ae. caspius Cx. theileri and Cx. pipiens, respectively. However, mosquito densities varied according to collection method and sampling area. A fourfold increase in mosquito density was registered in 2010 compared to 2009. A total of 745 pools were analysed of which 31% tested positive for flaviviral sequences. The species with higher positivity rates were An. algeriensis with Minimum infection rate (MIR) of 56/1000 in the Algarve 2009, Cs. annulata MIR =22/1000 in the Algarve 2010, Cx.theileri and Cx.pipiens in Setúbal 2010, MIR =20/1000. An. atroparvus, Ae. caspius, Ae. detritus and Cx. univittatus also yielded positive pools. Overall, positivity was higher in the Algarve. Viral sequences obtained from positive pools showed homology with insect-specific flavivirus (ISF) sequences deposited in free access public databases. Phylogenetic analysis reflected the genetic variability of flaviviruses and revealed the relatedness of our sequences with other known flaviviruses, especially the insect-specific. In view of previous WNV isolations and assessing from the four-fold increase in mosquito density, the increasing temperatures, the recent cases throughout Europe and the unknown and unpredictable pattern of flaviviruses outbreaks, continuous epidemiological surveillance programmes are quickly becoming indispensable tools for Public Health.
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Jenkins, Gareth. "Determinants of the molecular evolution of RNA viruses." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365413.

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Zanotto, Paolo Marinho de Andrade. "Aspects of the molecular evolution of baculoviruses and flaviviruses." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.318444.

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7

Proutski, Vitali. "RNA secondary structure of the 3'-UTR of flaviviruses." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.299156.

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Gao, George Fu. "Molecular biological and immunological studies of tick-borne flaviviruses." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.296917.

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Cook, Shelley. "The molecular evolution of the flaviviruses and their vectors." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.427883.

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10

Izuogu, Adaeze O. Izuogu. "Restriction of tick-borne flaviviruses in the white-footed mouse." University of Toledo Health Science Campus / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1501786858639212.

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Books on the topic "Flaviviruses"

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M, Chambers Thomas, ed. The flaviviruses. Oxford: Academic, 2004.

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M, Chambers Thomas, ed. The flaviviruses. Oxford: Academic, 2004.

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Sondra, Schlesinger, and Schlesinger Milton J, eds. The Togaviridae and Flaviviridae. New York: Plenum Press, 1986.

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Shi, Pei-Yong. Molecular virology and control of flaviviruses. Norfolk, UK: Caister Academic Press, 2012.

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Gregory, Bock, Goode Jamie, Novartis Foundation, and Novartis Institute for Tropical Diseases., eds. New treatment strategies for dengue and other flaviviral diseases. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, 2006.

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Chambers, Thomas J. The Flaviviruses: Detection, Diagnosis and Vaccine Development. Burlington: Elsevier, 2003.

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M, Chambers Thomas, Monath Aaron J, Maramorosch Karl, Murphy Frederick A, and Shatkin Aaron J, eds. Advances in virus research. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2004.

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M, Chambers Thomas, Monath Aaron J, Maramorosch Karl, Murphy Frederick A, and Shatkin Aaron J, eds. Advances in virus research. Amsterdam: Oxford, 2003.

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Schlesinger, Milton J., and Sondra Schlesinger. Togaviridae and Flaviviridae. Springer, 2012.

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Maramorosch, Karl, Frederick A. Murphy, Thomas P. Monath, Aaron J. Shatkin, and Thomas J. Chambers. Flaviviruses: Pathogenesis and Immunity. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "Flaviviruses"

1

Iglesias, Néstor G., Claudia V. Filomatori, Diego E. Alvarez, and Andrea V. Gamarnik. "Flaviviruses." In Viral Genome Replication, 41–60. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b135974_3.

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Rawlings, Ron H., Andrew Shaw, Howard R. Champion, Lena M. Napolitano, Ben Singer, Andrew Rhodes, Maurizio Cecconi, et al. "Flaviviruses." In Encyclopedia of Intensive Care Medicine, 944. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00418-6_1613.

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Brinton, M. "Flaviviruses." In Clinical and Molecular Aspects of Neurotropic Virus Infection, 69–99. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1675-6_3.

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Saxena, Shailendra K., Swatantra Kumar, and Amrita Haikerwal. "Animal Flaviviruses." In Emerging and Transboundary Animal Viruses, 137–59. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0402-0_7.

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Thomas, Stephen J., Timothy P. Endy, and Alan L. Rothman. "Flaviviruses: Dengue." In Viral Infections of Humans, 351–81. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7448-8_15.

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Johnson, Barbara W. "Neurotropic Flaviviruses." In Neurotropic Viral Infections, 229–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33133-1_9.

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Thomas, Stephen J., Timothy P. Endy, and Alan L. Rothman. "Flaviviruses: Dengue." In Viral Infections of Humans, 1–65. New York, NY: Springer US, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9544-8_15-1.

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Brinton, Margo A. "Replication of Flaviviruses." In The Togaviridae and Flaviviridae, 327–74. Boston, MA: Springer New York, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0785-4_11.

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Gould, E. A., A. Buckley, S. Higgs, and Sophia Gaidamovich. "Antigenicity of flaviviruses." In Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome, Tick- and Mosquito-Borne Viruses, 137–52. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-9091-3_17.

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Hase, Tatsuo, Peter L. Summers, Kenneth H. Eckels, and Joseph R. Putnak. "Morphogenesis of Flaviviruses." In Subcellular Biochemistry, 275–305. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1675-4_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Flaviviruses"

1

Karganova, G. G. "TICK-BORNE FLAVIVIRUSES: TICK-BORNE OR TICK-BORN?" In Viruses: Discovering Big in Small. TORUS PRESS, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.30826/viruses-2019-18.

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Mj, Counotte, Maxwell L, Kim Cr, Broutet Njn, and Low N. "O14.6 Sexual transmission of flaviviruses – a living systematic review." In STI and HIV World Congress Abstracts, July 9–12 2017, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2017-053264.83.

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Baltina, L. "LICORICE TRITERPENEACIDS AS SCAFFOLDS FOR OBTAINING NEW INHIBITORS OF FLAVIVIRUSES." In MedChem-Russia 2021. 5-я Российская конференция по медицинской химии с международным участием «МедХим-Россия 2021». Издательство Волгоградского государственного медицинского университета, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19163/medchemrussia2021-2021-436.

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Brito, Anielly, Marisa Ribeiro, Beatriz Barreto, Mônica Arruda, and Patrícia Baptista. "Development and standardization of the PAN–FLAVI assay for the detection of flaviviruses with epidemiological importance in Brazil." In International Symposium on Immunobiological. Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.35259/isi.biomang.2024_63904.

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Silva, Stephanie, Barbara Santos, Mariana Gomes, Ygara Mendes, Renata Pereira, Tiago Santos, Samir Campos, Vanessa Santos, Noemi Gardinali, and Sheila Lima. "Interference of EDTA on Flavivirus infectivity." In International Symposium on Immunobiologicals. Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35259/isi.2023_58027.

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Chaley, M. B., Zh S. Tyulko, and V. A. Kutyrkin. "Specifics of Coding Sequences in the Flavivirus Genomes." In Mathematical Biology and Bioinformatics. Pushchino: IMPB RAS - Branch of KIAM RAS, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17537/icmbb18.10.

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Lisboa, Aline Rebeca de Magalhães, Hayla Thatielle Cardoso de Oliveira Costa, Lídia Deyse Costa Mendes, Pryscylla Vieira Vezzosi, Thaís Cristina Castro Coelho, Victória Carvalho Falcone de Oliveira, Wesleyanne Soares Santana, and Bismarck Ascar Sauaia. "Neuroepidemiological and social risks in neonates related to Zika Virus." In IV Seven International Congress of Health. Seven Congress, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/homeivsevenhealth-093.

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Zika virus (ZIKV), a flavivirus transmitted by Aedes aegypti, has emerged as a serious global health problem following the Zika fever epidemic in Brazil in 2015. Infection in pregnant women can lead to congenital Zika virus syndrome (CZVS), characterized by microcephaly and other severe neurological malformations in newborns. Primary prevention is crucial, given the association between ZIKV and severe neurological complications, requiring ongoing support for those affected.
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"Recognition of flavivirus species on the base of coding genome sequences." In Bioinformatics of Genome Regulation and Structure/ Systems Biology. institute of cytology and genetics siberian branch of the russian academy of science, Novosibirsk State University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18699/bgrs/sb-2020-091.

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Chaley, M. B., Zh S. Tyulko, and V. A. Kutyrkin. "Fast Method to Recognize Flavivirus Species after Sequencing the Viral Genome." In Mathematical Biology and Bioinformatics. Pushchino: IMPB RAS - Branch of KIAM RAS, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.17537/icmbb20.12.

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woo Kim, Chan, Se Hwan Ahn, and Taeseon Yoon. "Comparison of flavivirus using datamining-Apriori, K-means, and decision tree algorithm." In 2017 19th International Conference on Advanced Communication Technology (ICACT). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/icact.2017.7890130.

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Reports on the topic "Flaviviruses"

1

Paul, Satashree. Flavivirus and its Threat. Science Repository, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31487/sr.blog.30.

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A number of studies found that the virus can activate the endothelial cells and affect the structure and function of the blood?brain barrier, promoting immune cell migration to benefit the virus nervous system target cells infected by flaviviruses.
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Fournier, Maurille J., and Thomas L. Mason. Structure and Expression of Genes for Flavivirus Immunogens. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada252662.

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