Journal articles: 'Flat formation'

1

Gulyaev, R. A. "The solar corona: Flat formation." Solar Physics 142, no. 1 (November 1992): 213–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00156645.

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2

Chuguev, A. P., A. N. Kukhto, and V. I. Makeev. "Flat gas jet formation and combustion." Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves 24, no. 6 (November 1988): 703–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00740414.

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3

Martel, Hugo. "Nonlinear structure formation in flat cosmological models." Astrophysical Journal 445 (June 1995): 537. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/175719.

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Link, Achim, and Christof Sparr. "Stereoselective arene formation." Chemical Society Reviews 47, no. 11 (2018): 3804–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cs00875a.

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The common perception of arenes as flat and symmetric entities is juxtaposed to the counterintuitive circumstance that stereoselective arene formation offers a means to prepare an exceptional range of chiral aromatic structures in isomerically enriched form.

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Rius, Gemma, Narcis Mestres, Yayoi Tanaka, Hidetoshi Miyazaki, Osamu Eryu, and Philippe Godignon. "Formation of Graphene onto Atomically Flat 6H-SiC." Materials Science Forum 778-780 (February 2014): 1158–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.778-780.1158.

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SiC crystal is a wide band gap material of high hardness and chemical inertness. Graphene is nowadays a ubiquitous 2D material that would revolutionize many applications. Combining the characteristics of SiC and graphene higher performance and efficiency are expected, e.g. for high frequency electronic devices. The obtaining of graphene directly on SiC substrates by a single step thermal decomposition process is promising, but optimal standardized conditions are not established. We present the use of chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP) as a pre-graphene growth SiC conditioning to enable deep comprehension of the mechanisms of SiC decomposition and control towards selective formation of graphene.

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Васильев and Vladimir Vasilyev. "Features of formation of draft of flat raft." Forestry Engineering Journal 4, no. 1 (April 21, 2014): 80–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/3349.

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Flat raft unit with high coefficient of raft section density is improved, characterizing in that it frames are fixed with oblique angles and screws, and after assembling it may be wrapped with flexible waterproof material. This gives shallow draft and stable buoyancy to the raft unit, because there is no water saturation of wood over time, and the space between the wood is not filled with a liquid that provides additional buoyancy.

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Alizadeh Otorabad, Hossein, Davood Younesian, Parisa Hosseini Tehrani, Jilt Sietsma, and Roumen Petrov. "Modeling temperature evolution of wheel flat during formation." International Journal of Thermal Sciences 140 (June 2019): 114–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2019.02.040.

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8

Dave, Tapan Rohitbhai, Mitesh Ishvarlal Shah, and Vishal N. Singh. "Numerical Modelling of Frost Formation of Flat Surface." Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series C 99, no. 5 (May 29, 2017): 531–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40032-017-0364-z.

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9

Luo, Shun She, Qi Qi Lv, and Guang Ming Hu. "The Lithofacies Palaeogeography and Control of the Reservoirs in Middle Ordovician Ma5₄¹ Submember in Western Jingbian Tableland." Advanced Materials Research 962-965 (June 2014): 193–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.962-965.193.

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The major rock types of Ordovician Majiagou Formation Ma541 Submember in western Jingbian Tableland include muddy dolomite, gypsum-bearing dolomite, gypsum dolomite, limy dolomite, and muddy powder crystal dolomite. This paper is based on the theory of sedimentary petrology and with the methodology of comprehensive mapping by using single factors to analyze multiple factors.Using stratum thickness, the content of gypsum and penecontemporaneous dolomite as single factors, we studied the lithofacies palaeogeography in Ma541 Submember.The results show that Ma541 is generally a set of sedimentation from supratidal limited evaporation environment and in the period of sea level decline with shallow water. The sedimentary microfacies are mainly composed of gypsum-bearing dolomitic flat and gypsum dolomitic flat ,dolomitic gypsum flat comes second. We combined the areas regional geological background with lithofacies palaeogeography to construct the limited evaporation tidal flat sedimentation maps of Ma541 Submember. Meanwhile,the control of reservoirs was studied. We thought that gypsum-bearing dolomitic flats and dolomitic flats provide a foundation for the development of large-area reservoirs.

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10

Riba Ruiz, J. R., Antonia García, and Alabern Morera. "Circulating sheath currents in flat formation underground power lines." Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal 1, no. 05 (March 2007): 61–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.24084/repqj05.217.

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11

Kim, Wondong, Hanchul Kim, Geunseop Lee, Sang-Yong You, Young-Kyu Hong, and Ja-Yong Koo. "Formation of atomically flat Si() surface with incorporated carbon." Surface Science 516, no. 3 (September 2002): L553—L556. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0039-6028(02)02056-3.

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12

Atkinson, Paul M., and Douglas R. Lloyd. "Anisotropic flat sheet membrane formation via TIPS: thermal effects." Journal of Membrane Science 171, no. 1 (June 2000): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0376-7388(99)00376-2.

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13

MÜLLER, VOLKER. "NON-FLAT PERTURBATION SPECTRA AND LARGE SCALE STRUCTURE FORMATION." International Journal of Modern Physics D 03, no. 01 (March 1994): 241–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021827189400037x.

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It is shown that fourth-order-gravity with a scalar field leads naturally to double inflation models. If both inflationary episodes are disconnected by a stage of power law expansion, we get a primordial inflation spectrum with a break in the power possibly relevant for the formation of large scale structures in the universe.

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14

Furutani, Masahiro, Masanori Takasawa, Nursuhana Bt Alauddin, and Yasuhiko Ohta. "Soot Precursor Formation in Low-Temerature Flat-Burner Flames." Proceedings of the JSME annual meeting 2004.3 (2004): 115–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecjo.2004.3.0_115.

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15

Smith, B. F., and R. H. Miller. "On the formation of galaxies with flat rotation curves." Astrophysical Journal 309 (October 1986): 522. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/164622.

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16

Adietama, Genta Putra, Sigit Sutikno, Muhamad Yusa, and Koichi Yamamoto. "Experimental Study of Tidal Flat Formation on Coastal Peat." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1655 (October 2020): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1655/1/012012.

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17

Duda, V. I., N. E. Suzina, L. O. Severina, V. V. Dmitriev, and G. I. Karavaiko. "Formation of Flat Lamellar Intramembrane Lipid Structures in Microorganisms." Journal of Membrane Biology 180, no. 1 (March 1, 2001): 33–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002320010057.

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18

Clague, David A., James G. Moore, and Jennifer R. Reynolds. "Formation of submarine flat-topped volcanic cones in Hawai'i." Bulletin of Volcanology 62, no. 3 (August 25, 2000): 214–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004450000088.

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19

Ebihara, M., I. Suemune, H. Kumano, T. Nakashita, and H. Machida. "Formation of CdO dots on atomically flat ZnO surfaces." physica status solidi (c) 3, no. 4 (March 2006): 933–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssc.200564746.

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20

Romanova, Victoryna A., and Stanislav V. Strashnov. "Modeling and visualizing of the formation of a snub dodecahedron in the AutoCAD system." Structural Mechanics of Engineering Constructions and Buildings 17, no. 1 (December 15, 2021): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/1815-5235-2021-17-1-42-50.

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The article is devoted to modeling and visualization of the formation of flat-nosed (snub-nosed) dodecahedron (snub dodecahedron). The purpose of the research is to model the snub dodecahedron (flat-nosed dodecahedron) and visualize the process of its formation. The formation of the faces of the flat-nosed dodecahedron consists in the truncation of the edges and vertices of the Platonic dodecahedron with the subsequent rotation of the new faces around their centers. The values of the truncation of the dodecahedron edges, the angle of rotation of the faces and the length of the edge of the flat-nosed dodecahedron are the parameters of three equations composed as the distances between the vertices of triangles located between the faces of the snub dodecahedron. The solution of these equations was carried out by the method of successive approximations. The results of the calculations were used to create an electronic model of the flat-nosed dodecahedron and visualize its formation. The task was generally achieved in the AutoCAD system using programs in the AutoLISP language. Software has been created for calculating the parameters of modeling a snub dodecahedron and visualizing its formation.

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21

Banjac, Nenad, and Divna Jovanovic. "Paraseqences in the Kotroman Formation, Western Serbia." Annales g?ologiques de la Peninsule balkanique, no. 72 (2011): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gabp1172063b.

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An attempt was made to describe two parasequences separated within the sediments of the Kotroman Formation at the Mokra Gora Village in western Serbia. The whole formation, of Albian-Cenomanian age, in some general characteristics corresponds to tidal flats, some of which were described in the literature (LARSONNEUR 1975), and the sediments were compared with ones from recent tidal flat environments. The heterogeneous composition of the Kotroman Formation influenced different authors to describe several non-synchronous and incomparable superpositioned packages. The parasequences were investigated in the attempt to correlate them with the stratigraphic age of the members. The parasequences were formed during the Albian transgression and represent a gradual deepening of the wider area. Well-developed flooding surfaces with significant deepening indicated retrogradational stacking of certain transgressive system tracts and reflect landward movement of the shoreline, indicating a gradual sea level rise.

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22

Marchenko, D., D. V. Evtushinsky, E. Golias, A. Varykhalov, Th Seyller, and O. Rader. "Extremely flat band in bilayer graphene." Science Advances 4, no. 11 (November 2018): eaau0059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau0059.

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We propose a novel mechanism of flat band formation based on the relative biasing of only one sublattice against other sublattices in a honeycomb lattice bilayer. The mechanism allows modification of the band dispersion from parabolic to “Mexican hat”–like through the formation of a flattened band. The mechanism is well applicable for bilayer graphene—both doped and undoped. By angle-resolved photoemission from bilayer graphene on SiC, we demonstrate the possibility of realizing this extremely flattened band (< 2-meV dispersion), which extends two-dimensionally in a k-space area around the K¯ point and results in a disk-like constant energy cut. We argue that our two-dimensional flat band model and the experimental results have the potential to contribute to achieving superconductivity of graphene- or graphite-based systems at elevated temperatures.

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23

VAN OYEN, TOMAS, and PAOLO BLONDEAUX. "Grain sorting effects on the formation of tidal sand waves." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 629 (June 15, 2009): 311–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112009006387.

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A model is developed to investigate the process which leads to the formation of sand waves in shallow tidal seas characterized by a heterogeneous sea bed composition. The main goal of the analysis is the evaluation of the effects that a graded sediment has on the formation of the bottom forms and the investigation of the sorting process induced by the growth of the bottom forms. The analysis is based on the study of the stability of the flat bed configuration, i.e. small amplitude perturbations are added to the flat bottom and a linear analysis of their time development is made. For an oscillatory tidal current dominated by one tidal constituent, the results show that the graded sediment can stabilize or destabilize the flat bottom configuration with respect to the uniform sediment case, depending on the standard deviation σ* of the grain size distribution and on the ratio between the horizontal tidal excursion and the water depth. For moderate values of , i.e. values just larger than the critical value for which the sediment is moved and sand waves appear, the presence of a sand mixture stabilizes the flat bed. On the other hand, for large values of , the mixture has a destabilizing effect. In both cases the effect that a sand mixture has on the stability of the flat bed configuration is relatively small. Moreover, for moderate values of , the fine fraction of the mixture tends to pile up at the crests of the bottom forms while the coarse fraction moves towards the troughs. For large values of , the grain size distribution depends on the value of σ*. The results are physically interpreted and provide a possible explanation of the apparently conflicting field observations of the grain size distribution along the sand wave profile, carried out in the North Sea.

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24

KIM, DAEGYOUM, and MORTEZA GHARIB. "Flexibility effects on vortex formation of translating plates." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 677 (April 18, 2011): 255–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2011.82.

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Vortex structures made by impulsively translating low aspect-ratio plates are studied experimentally using defocusing digital particle image velocimetry. The investigation of translating plates with a 90° angle of attack is important since it is a fundamental model for a better understanding of drag-based propulsion systems. Rectangular flat-rigid, flexible and curved-rigid thin plates with the same aspect ratio are studied in order to develop qualitative and quantitative understanding of their vortex structures and hydrodynamic forces. We find that the vortex formation processes of all three cases are drastically different from each other. The interaction of leading-edge vortices and tip flow near the tip region is an important mechanism to distinguish vortex patterns among these three cases. The drag trends of three cases are correlated closely with vortex structure and circulation. The initial peak of hydrodynamic force in the flexible plate case is not as large as the initial peak of the flat and curved rigid plate cases during the acceleration phase. However, after the initial peak, the flexible plate generates a large force comparable to that of the flat-rigid plate case in spite of its deformed shape, which results from the slow development of the vortex structure.

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25

Liu, Kang Ning, Zai Xing Jiang, Da Kang Zhong, Rong Kang, and Yue Cao. "Study on Sedimentary Facies of Carboniferous Kalashayi Formation in the South of Tahe Oilfield." Advanced Materials Research 433-440 (January 2012): 1745–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.433-440.1745.

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Tahe Oilfield is an significant petroleum exploitation and development area in Tarim Basin for SINOPIC. Carboniferous Kalashayi Formation has become an important oil-bearing series for increasing and maintaining production, and for finding backup resource in this Oilfield. Based on the theories and methods of sedimentology, by using the sesmic, log and core data, the sedimentary facies of Carboniferous Kalashayi Formation in the south of Tahe Oilfield are analyzed deeply. Through the study of characteristics of the rock type and texture,sedimentary structure, sedimentary sequence, stratic structure, paleontology, geochemistry and geophysics of Kalashayi Formation, the Sand-shale Section is attributed to tidal flat deposits which has a nature of estuary. The study area are mainly dominated by intertidal zone, including mud flat, sand-mud flat, sand flat, tidal channel and mouth bar microfacies. The Up-mudstone Section developed lagoonal facies. This study provides favorable support for the further petroleum exploration in study area.

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26

Filatov, Yu D., V. I. Sidorko, S. V. Kovalev, and A. G. Vetrov. "Formation of flat surfaces of optoelectronic components in diamond polishing." Journal of Superhard Materials 39, no. 2 (March 2017): 129–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1063457617020083.

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27

NIWA, Masaaki. "Atomically Flat SiO2/Si(001) Interface Formation by UHV Annealing." SHINKU 37, no. 11 (1994): 903–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3131/jvsj.37.903.

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28

Qian, Ma. "Heterogeneous Nucleation and Grain Formation on Spherical and Flat Substrates." Materials Science Forum 654-656 (June 2010): 1339–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.654-656.1339.

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Turnbull’s transformation nucleus model initiated the concept of a growth barrier for a spherical-cap crystal nucleus growing on a small flat substrate. The recently developed free growth model provided a clear physical picture of the growth barrier concept with experimental and modelling support. Fletcher’s spherical substrate model enhanced the understanding of the geometrical effect of a substrate on nucleation. A recent novel analysis of Fletcher’s model furnished new insights into the similarities and differences between nucleation on spherical and flat substrates. It is necessary to distinguish between the undercooling required for nucleation and that for overcoming the growth barrier; the greater one determines the early stages of grain formation.

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29

Alamara, Kadhim, Saeed Saber-Samandari, and Christopher C. Berndt. "Splat formation of polypropylene flame sprayed onto a flat surface." Surface and Coatings Technology 205, no. 7 (December 2010): 2518–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2010.09.056.

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30

Lee, Kwan-Soo, Sung Jhee, and Dong-Keun Yang. "Prediction of the frost formation on a cold flat surface." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 46, no. 20 (September 2003): 3789–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0017-9310(03)00195-9.

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31

Chen, Chao-Tai, Jer-Ru Maa, Yu-Min Yang, and Chien-Hsiang Chang. "Drop formation from flat tip nozzles in liquid-liquid system." International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer 28, no. 5 (July 2001): 681–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0735-1933(01)00272-x.

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32

Murad, Sohail, and Ishwar K. Puri. "Dynamics of nanoscale jet formation and impingement on flat surfaces." Physics of Fluids 19, no. 12 (December 2007): 128102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2773999.

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33

Bertz, A., and T. Werner. "The formation of very flat silicon sidewalls by dry etching." Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering 4, no. 1 (March 1, 1994): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0960-1317/4/1/003.

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34

Bönig, M., ChR Feldermann, H. Jander, B. Lüers, G. Rudolph, and H. Gg Wagner. "Soot formation in premixed C2H4 flat flames at elevated pressure." Symposium (International) on Combustion 23, no. 1 (January 1991): 1581–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0082-0784(06)80429-7.

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35

Léonetti, Marc, and E. Dubois-Violette. "Pattern formation by electro-osmotic self-organization in flat biomembranes." Physical Review E 56, no. 4 (October 1, 1997): 4521–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreve.56.4521.

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36

Sudoh, Koichi, Jun Nakamura, Muneyuki Naito, Kohei Higuchi, and Kazusuke Maenaka. "Formation of Silicon-on-Nothing Structures with Extremely Flat Surfaces." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 52, no. 7R (July 1, 2013): 075601. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/jjap.52.075601.

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37

Moffat, J. W., and D. C. Tatarski. "Redshift and structure formation in a spatially flat inhomogeneous universe." Physical Review D 45, no. 10 (May 15, 1992): 3512–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.45.3512.

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38

Tokuda, Norio, Hitoshi Umezawa, Sung-Gi Ri, Masahiko Ogura, Kikuo Yamabe, Hideyo Okushi, and Satoshi Yamasaki. "Atomically flat diamond (111) surface formation by homoepitaxial lateral growth." Diamond and Related Materials 17, no. 7-10 (July 2008): 1051–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.diamond.2008.01.089.

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39

Ping, Xie, J. J. Beaudoin, and R. Brousseau. "Flat aggregate-portland cement paste interfaces, II. Transition zone formation." Cement and Concrete Research 21, no. 5 (September 1991): 718–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0008-8846(91)90166-f.

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40

Mielke, Andreas. "Pair Formation of Hard Core Bosons in Flat Band Systems." Journal of Statistical Physics 171, no. 4 (March 31, 2018): 679–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10955-018-2030-0.

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41

Chu, Liangyong, Wouter J. B. Grouve, Martin Drongelen, Erik G. Vries, Remko Akkerman, and Matthijn B. Rooij. "Formation of Flat‐on Lamellar Crystals in Absence of Nanoconfinement." Advanced Materials Interfaces 8, no. 7 (February 22, 2021): 2001894. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/admi.202001894.

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42

Janušonis, Stepas. "Self-Formation of the Spatial Planar Object. Topological Approach." Solid State Phenomena 97-98 (April 2004): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.97-98.85.

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Eight-dimensional topological space providing an object evolution in time, including causes of evolution is presented. Part of Euclidean space separated by any close surface from complementary space, where any Euclidean point of space is juxtaposed with parameter, is being felt as an object. Coplanar approximation of flat planar devices is based on the flat, homogeneous, isotropic planar object and chaotic medium. The new, more general approximation of the topological space by equidistant surfaces, suitable for spatial planar objects, is presented. Selfformation of spatial objects (homogeneous, non-homogeneous, anisotropic), medium (chaotic, chaotic oriented, homogeneous oriented, structural) based on non-homeomorpheous mapping in peculiar points and evolution irreversibility, is discussed.

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43

Safaei, Mohammad, Asadollah Mahboubi, Soroush Modabberi, and Reza Moussavi-Harami. "Palaeoenvironment, sequence stratigraphy and palaeogeography of the Lower Cretaceous deposits of Mehdi Abad, Yazd Block, Central Iran." Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen 295, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 61–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/njgpa/2020/0868.

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Four Lower Cretaceous sections in the southern Yazd Block were measured and studied to interpret the palaeoenvironments, synsedimentary tectonics, and sequence stratigraphy. The Early Cretaceous sedimentary record of this block, consisting of the Sangestan, Taft, Abkuh, and Darreh Zanjir formations, was mainly influenced by synsedimentary tectonic activities in a tectonically unstable basin. Field observations and laboratory studies were used to identify lithofacies and microfacies, based on which six depositional environments were identified: upper coastal plain (alluvial fans), shore, tidal flat, lagoon, shoal, and open marine. A carbonate-siliciclastic shallow platform including an alluvial-coastal plain and an inner platform is suggested for the depositional environment of the Sangestan Formation. The depth of the overall shallow sedimentary basin of Sangestan Formation increases from west to east and deposition was controlled by long- term sea-level changes. A carbonate platform consisting of inner and outer parts, including tidal flat, lagoon, open marine belts, is suggested for the depositional environment of the Taft and Abkuh formations, while the Darreh Zanjir Formation accumulated in a deep basin. The predominant facies demonstrate an overall transgression-regression cycle (the 2rd order cycle) during the depositional time of these formations in the southern Yazd Block.

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Martino, Ronald L. "Trace fossils from marginal marine facies of the Kanawha Formation (Middle Pennsylvanian), West Virginia." Journal of Paleontology 63, no. 4 (July 1989): 389–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000019648.

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Seven sedimentary facies have been identified in a 40-m-thick portion of the Kanawha Formation near Chelyan in southern West Virginia. Lithology, sedimentary and biogenic structures, body fossils, paleocurrent patterns, and facies geometry have been used to identify the following paleoenvironments: Facies 1, fluviodeltaic channels represented by thick, cross-stratified channel sandstone; Facies 2, crevasse splays and tidal creeks represented by thin, cross-stratified wedge and channel sandstone; Facies 3, coastal swamps and lakes represented by coal seat and carbonaceous shale; Facies 4, restricted bay and upper tidal flats represented by dark-gray shale, mudstone; Facies 5, interdistributary bays represented by olive-gray siltstone and shale with brachiopods; Facies 6, bay or tidal flat scour fills represented by sandy limestone with brachiopods and pelmatozoans; and Facies 7, low to mid tidal flats and distributary mouth bars represented by thinly interbedded, rippled sandstone and siltstone.Trace fossils representing 17 ichnogenera are present with most being restricted to certain sedimentary facies. Three ichnoassemblages are recognized. 1) An annulated vertical burrow assemblage, consisting of arthropod(?) dwellings, occurs in an abandoned fluvial channel facies. 2) A Phycodes–Zoophycos assemblage is associated with dark-gray shales and mudstones of a restricted bay and/or upper tidal flat environment. Additional ichnogenera include Planolites and ?Conostichus. 3) An Olivellites assemblage with a high abundance and a high diversity of trace fossils occurs within a rippled sandstone/siltstone facies; trace fossils include (in order of abundance) Olivellites, Teichichnus, Planolites, Aulichnites, transversely ridged surface trails, Rosselia, Scolicia, Curvolithus, Helminthopsis, Tasmanadia, Petalichnus, Ancorichnus, and ?Asterosoma. The associated depositional environments are interpreted as low to mid tidal flats and possibly distributary mouth bars.The occurrence of salinity-sensitive trace fossils such as the assemblages described herein within otherwise faunally barren intervals facilitates the recognition of marine-influenced coastal facies in which stenohaline or brackish body fossils are lacking.

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45

Schreiber, Konstantin K., and Elena A. Korol'. "Theoretical aspects of normative and methodological basis formation for flat building common property overhaul." Vestnik MGSU, no. 11 (November 2019): 1473–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2019.11.1473-1481.

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Introduction. The federal-level approval of the long-term programme of flat building common property overhaul is aimed at the radical improvement of housing technical conditions. One of the significant problems on the way of its implementation is the absence of an actual normative basis of systematically integrated documents. Formation of the normative basis of the building and installation overhaul is implemented at various levels: intersectoral (at the level of a federal legislative authority), sectoral (at the level of authorized federal executive authority, i.e. the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation), organization group (self-regulating organizations) and specific organization. Materials and methods. To develop methodological approaches to the formation of a normative basis of the flat building common property overhaul, the methodology of multilevel hierarchical systems theory based on function-system, probabilistic, statistical, and simulation methods were used as the theoretical ground. Results. A normative and methodological basis of the flat building common property overhaul can be described as a two-level hierarchical system where a federal legislative authority is the superior managerial subsystem, federal executive authority is the inferior managerial subsystem, while the flat building common property overhaul is the managed process. A result of the efficient functioning of the system is the execution of the needed housing overhaul volumes with required quality and rational consumption of material, technical, labour, and financial resources. Conclusions. Applicability of multilevel hierarchical system methodology using function-system, probabilistic, statistical, and simulation methods is substantiated for developing methodological approaches to forming a normative basis of the flat building common property overhaul. It is shown that the main advantages of application of the multilevel hierarchical system theory for the purposes of this research are possibility of rigorous mathematical formulating of the principles and results of functioning of the normative and methodological overhaul support system for the flat building common property and availability of conditions for studying different aspects of the system functioning using mathematical methods.

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Zhao, Shuo, Yangyang Ge, Liang Ma, Tao Yan, Jingcai Lyu, and Zushu Li. "Formation Analysis of Edge Cracks of 33MnCrTiB Fork Steel." Metals 8, no. 8 (July 27, 2018): 587. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met8080587.

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A 33MnCrTiB is a high-strength low alloy steel used for a forklift truck. This study investigates the root causes of the edge cracks in 33MnCrTiB steel produced by a steel manufacturer. After sampling, inspecting and analyzing the 33MnCrTiB flat steel with edge cracks taken from the plant, it was found that the crack and porosity contain similar residues to the deoxidation products and continuous casting mold flux. It can be concluded that the edge surface cracking in the flat steel are mainly caused by the non-deformable inclusions in steel, slag sticking and surface cracks on the original billet. At the same time, the further expansion of cracks is closely related to the serious decarburization during the heating treatment in the billet heating process, and the improper rolling deformation system during the rolling process.

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Ерошкин, Aleksandr Eroshkin, Шаронов, Ivan Sharonov, Зыкин, Evgeniy Zykin, Курдюмов, Vladimir Kurdyumov, Долгов, and Sergey Dolgov. "QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF SOIL RIDGE FORMATION WHEN SOWING TILLED CROPS." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 11, no. 2 (July 5, 2016): 72–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/20640.

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A hillock drill was desighned, an application of which makes cost-effectively in one pass to perform sowing cultivation, sowing the seeds, form a soil mound above sown seeds, compact the soil mound from three sides and, finally, form a soil ridge of required dimensions and density in it. The article was justified the attack angles of flat disk of the working unit and the spherical roller-discs of roller-ridger of hillock drill. It was revealed, that the process of soil ridges forming of required dimensions and density at seeding tilled-crops are affected by structural and operational parameters of working units with flat discs and the roller-ridges, as well as the physical and mechanical properties of the soil.

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Nepershin, R. I. "Formation of a flange from a flat blank with a hole." Journal of Machinery Manufacture and Reliability 40, no. 2 (April 2011): 140–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1052618811010146.

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Zhang, Xuefeng, and H. Lü. "Exact black hole formation in asymptotically (A)dS and flat spacetimes." Physics Letters B 736 (September 2014): 455–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2014.07.052.

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Bormashov, V. S., E. P. Sheshin, Yu L. Al'shevskii, D. V. Batov, V. D. Blank, and S. G. Buga. "Novel method of flat cold cathode formation from carbon–nitrogen nanofibers." Ultramicroscopy 107, no. 9 (September 2007): 857–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultramic.2007.02.020.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Flat formation'

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