Relevant bibliographies by topics / Flasher calibration

Academic literature on the topic 'Flasher calibration'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Flasher calibration"

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Chepurnov, A. S., M. B. Gromov, E. A. Litvinovich, I. N. Machulin, M. D. Skorokhvatov, and A. F. Shamarin. "The Calibration System Based On the Controllable UV/visible LED Flasher for the Veto System of the DarkSide Detector." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 798 (January 2017): 012118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/798/1/012118.

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Suggs, R. M., S. R. Ehlert, and D. E. Moser. "A comparison of radiometric calibration techniques for lunar impact flashes." Planetary and Space Science 143 (September 2017): 225–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pss.2017.04.016.

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Saint-Maurice, Pedro F., Youngwon Kim, Paul Hibbing, April Y. Oh, Frank M. Perna, and Gregory J. Welk. "Calibration and Validation of the Youth Activity Profile: The FLASHE Study." American Journal of Preventive Medicine 52, no. 6 (June 2017): 880–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2016.12.010.

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Zhang, Daile, Kenneth L. Cummins, Phillip Bitzer, and William J. Koshak. "Evaluation of the Performance Characteristics of the Lightning Imaging Sensor." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 36, no. 6 (June 2019): 1015–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-18-0173.1.

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AbstractThe Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) that was on board the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite captured optical emissions produced by lightning. In this work, we quantify and evaluate the LIS performance characteristics at both the pixel level of LIS events and contiguous clusters of events known as groups during a recent 2-yr period. Differences in the detection threshold among the four quadrants in the LIS pixel array produce small but meaningful differences in their optical characteristics. In particular, one LIS quadrant (Q1, X ≥ 64; Y ≥ 64) detects 15%–20% more lightning events than the others because of a lower detection threshold. Sensitivity decreases radially from the center of the LIS array to the edges because of sensor optics. The observed falloff behavior is larger on orbit than was measured during the prelaunch laboratory calibration and is likely linked to changes in cloud scattering pathlength with instrument viewing angle. Also, a two-season comparison with the U.S. National Lightning Detection Network (NLDN) has uncovered a 5–7-km north–south LIS location offset that changes sign because of periodic TRMM yaw maneuvers. LIS groups and flashes that had any temporally and spatially corresponding NLDN reports (i.e., NLDN reported the radio signals from the same group and/or from other groups in the same flash) tended to be spatially larger and last longer (only for flashes) than the overall population of groups/flashes.
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Kim, Sang-Hun, Sang-Geun Hong, Han-Yeol Lee, Won-Ki Park, Wang-Yong Lee, Sung-Chul Lee, and Young-Chan Jang. "1V 1.6-GS/s 6-bit Flash ADC with Clock Calibration Circuit." Journal of the Korean Institute of Information and Communication Engineering 16, no. 9 (September 30, 2012): 1847–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.6109/jkiice.2012.16.9.1847.

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Zhao, Li, Laurence R. Rilett, and Ernest Tufuor. "Calibrating the Robertson’s Platoon Dispersion Model on a Coordinated Corridor with Advance Warning Flashers." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2623, no. 1 (January 2017): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2623-02.

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Platoon dispersion (PD) is the foundation of traffic signal coordination in an urban traffic network. PD describes the phenomenon by which vehicles depart from an upstream intersection as a platoon and begin to disperse before they arrive at the downstream intersection. Recently, advance warning flashers (AWFs) have been applied in many high-speed corridors. There is a need to update the traditional PD model to include the effect of AWFs. This paper examines the traffic flow dispersion patterns when an AWF is present and tests the hypothesis that the AWF will affect PD on a coordinated signal corridor. Platoon vehicles, which are not affected by the operation of the AWF, are used for comparison. Results show that when the AWF effect is included in the PD model, the smoothing factor F of the Robertson’s PD model ranges from 0.11 to 0.13. This range is smaller than the smoothing factor without the AWF effect. The platoon arrival time coefficient β ranges from 0.777 to 0.819 with the AWF effect. This is approximately the same as the default value of 0.8 in the TRANSYT simulation model. The PD coefficient α increases from an average of 0.11 with the AWF effect to an average of 0.24 without the AWF effect, which indicates an increase in roadway friction. It was concluded that AWFs increase the dispersion of the platoons, which might affect signal coordination.
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Frye, G. E., C. K. Hauser, G. Townsend, and E. W. Sellers. "Suppressing flashes of items surrounding targets during calibration of a P300-based brain–computer interface improves performance." Journal of Neural Engineering 8, no. 2 (March 24, 2011): 025024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-2560/8/2/025024.

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Braune, Markus, Günter Brenner, Siarhei Dziarzhytski, Pavle Juranić, Andrey Sorokin, and Kai Tiedtke. "A non-invasive online photoionization spectrometer for FLASH2." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 23, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 10–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577515022675.

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The stochastic nature of the self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) process of free-electron lasers (FELs) effects pulse-to-pulse fluctuations of the radiation properties, such as the photon energy, which are determinative for processes of photon–matter interactions. Hence, SASE FEL sources pose a great challenge for scientific investigations, since experimenters need to obtain precise real-time feedback of these properties for each individual photon bunch for interpretation of the experimental data. Furthermore, any device developed to deliver the according information should not significantly interfere with or degrade the FEL beam. Regarding the spectral properties, a device for online monitoring of FEL wavelengths has been developed for FLASH2, which is based on photoionization of gaseous targets and the measurements of the corresponding electron and ion time-of-flight spectra. This paper presents experimental studies and cross-calibration measurements demonstrating the viability of this online photoionization spectrometer.
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Lu, Shan, Xinwei Wang, Tianzheng Wang, Xinran Qin, Xilin Wang, and Zhidong Jia. "Analysis of Salt Mixture Contamination on Insulators via Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy." Applied Sciences 10, no. 7 (April 10, 2020): 2617. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10072617.

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The composition of contamination deposited on transmission line insulators can affect their surface flashover voltage. Currently, there is no rapid on-line method to detect this contamination composition in power grids. In this paper, we applied laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) to analyze contamination on insulator surfaces. Usually, Na and Ca salts are found in contamination along with various sulfate, carbonate, and chloride compounds. As an element’s detection method, LIBS can only measure a certain element content, for example, Ca. The mixture of various compounds with the same cations can influence the LIBS signal. The influence of mixing ratios on the calibration curves and relative spectral intensity was studied via LIBS. Na2CO3, NaHCO3, CaSO4, and CaCO3 samples containing different proportions of Na and Ca were prepared. The linear correlation coefficients (R2) for the Na and Ca calibration curves generated using various mixing ratios were analyzed. The results showed that the mixture ratio did not dramatically affect the linear calibration curves for mixtures containing the same cations. This finding may significantly reduce the difficulty of applying LIBS analysis for complex contamination on insulators. The laser energy density had effects on the spectral characteristics of the measured elements. The partial least-square regression (PLSR) model can improve the accuracy of Na and Ca prediction.
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Hueso, R., M. Delcroix, A. Sánchez-Lavega, S. Pedranghelu, G. Kernbauer, J. McKeon, A. Fleckstein, et al. "Small impacts on the giant planet Jupiter." Astronomy & Astrophysics 617 (September 2018): A68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201832689.

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Context. Video observations of Jupiter obtained by amateur astronomers over the past 8 years have shown five flashes of light with durations of 1–2 s, each observed by at least two observers that were geographically separated. The first three of these events occurred on 3 June 2010, 20 August 2010, and 10 September 2012. Previous analyses of their light curves showed that they were caused by the impact of objects of 5–20 m in diameter, depending on their density, with a released energy comparable to superbolides on Earth of the class of the Chelyabinsk airburst. The most recent two flashes on Jupiter were detected on 17 March 2016 and 26 May 2017 and are analyzed here. Aims. We characterize the energy involved together with the masses and sizes of the objects that produced these flashes. The rate of similar impacts on Jupiter provides improved constraints on the total flux of impacts on the planet, which can be compared to the amount of exogenic species detected in the upper atmosphere of Jupiter. Methods. We extracted light curves of the flashes and calculated the masses and sizes of the impacting objects after calibrating each video observation. We also present results from a systematic search of impacts on >72 000 video amateur observations with a customized software that is based on differential photometry of the images. An examination of the number of amateur observations of Jupiter as a function of time over the past years allows us to interpret the statistics of these impact detections. Results. The cumulative flux of small objects (5–20 m or larger) that impact Jupiter is predicted to be low (10–65 impacts per year), and only a fraction of them are potentially observable from Earth (4–25 observable impacts per year in a perfect survey). These numbers imply that many observers are required to efficiently discover Jupiter impacts. Conclusions. We predict that more impacts will be found in the next years, with Jupiter opposition displaced toward summer in the northern hemisphere where most amateur astronomers observe. Objects of this size contribute negligibly to the abundance of exogenous species and dust in the stratosphere of Jupiter when compared with the continuous flux from interplanetary dust particles punctuated by giant impacts. Flashes of a high enough brightness (comparable at their peak to a +3.3 magnitude star) could produce an observable debris field on the planet. We estimate that a continuous search for these impacts might find these events once every 0.4–2.6 yr.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Flasher calibration"

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Crasso, Anthony. "Background Calibration of a 6-Bit 1Gsps Split-Flash ADC." Digital WPI, 2013. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/54.

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In this MS thesis, a redundant flash analog-to-digital converter (ADC) using a ``Split-ADC' calibration structure and lookup-table-based correction is presented. ADC input capacitance is minimized through use of small, power efficient comparators; redundancy is used to tolerate the resulting large offset voltages. Correction of errors and estimation of calibration parameters are performed continuously in the background in the digital domain. The proposed flash ADC has an effective-number-of-bits (ENOB) of 6-bits and is designed for a target sampling rate of 1Gs/s in 180nm CMOS. The calibration algorithm described has been simulated in MATLAB and an FPGA implementation has been investigated.
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Cicalo, James. "An embedded calibration technique for high-resolution flash time-to-digital converters." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31637.

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As CMOS technology continues to advance, device dimensions will continue to decrease, thus enabling the creation of circuits which operate at increasingly greater frequencies. However, this Increase In operating frequency has resulted in a reduced tolerance for circuit timing uncertainties. Therefore, techniques capable of measuring the timing characteristics of multi-GHz signals are needed to help address the growing number of timing problems found in modem CMOS circuits. For cost and accuracy reasons, embedded time interval measurement techniques which offer picosecond measurement accuracies and millisecond test-times are required to overcome these challenges. The "sampling offset" based flash time-to-digital converter (SOTDC) is an embedded time interval measurement technique that has recently garnered much attention due to its attractive properties. These properties include sub-millisecond test times of multi-GHz signals, in addition to the potential for measurement accuracies in the order of picoseconds. However, the accuracy of an SOTDC is strongly dependent upon the capabilities of its calibration technique, and present SOTDC calibration techniques suffer from some very serious limitations. In fact, these limitations are so severe that present calibration techniques are impractical under realistic production test conditions. This thesis presents the design and analysis of a novel embedded SOTDC calibration technique. The proposed calibration technique offers the potential for both sub-picosecond calibration accuracies and sub-100 millisecond calibration times. However, the main contribution of this work concerns the suitability of the proposed technique with a realistic production test environment. The capabilities of the proposed calibration technique have been proven using both mathematical analysis and behavioural modelling simulations.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of
Graduate
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Garambois, Pierre-André. "Etude régionale des crues éclair de l'arc méditerranéen français. Elaboration de méthodologies de transfert à des bassins versants non jaugés." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012INPT0102/document.

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D’un point de vue climatique la région méditerranéenne est propice aux évènements pluvio-orageux intenses, particulièrement en automne. Ces pluies s’abattent sur des bassins versants escarpés. La promptitude des crues ne laisse qu’un temps très court pour la prévision. L’amplitude de ces crues dépend de la grande variabilité des pluies et des caractéristiques des bassins versants. Les réseaux d'observations ne sont habituellement pas adaptés à ces petites échelles spatiales et l'intensité des événements affecte souvent la fiabilité des données quand elles existent d’où l’existence de bassin non jaugés. La régionalisation en hydrologie s’attache à la détermination de variables hydrologiques aux endroits où ces données manquent. L’objectif de cette thèse est de contribuer à poser les bases d’une méthodologie adaptée à la transposition des paramètres d'un modèle hydrologique distribué dédié aux crues rapides de bassins versants bien instrumentés à des bassins versants non jaugés, et ce sur une large zone d’étude. L’outil utilisé est le modèle hydrologique distribué MARINE [Roux et al., 2011] dont l’une des originalités est de disposer d’un modèle adjoint permettant de mener à bien des calibrations et des analyses de sensibilité spatio-temporelles qui servent à améliorer la compréhension des mécanismes de crue et à l’assimilation de données en temps réel pour la prévision. L’étude des sensibilités du modèle MARINE aborde la compréhension des processus physiques. Une large gamme de comportements hydrologiques est explorée. On met en avant quelques types de comportements des bassins versants pour la région d’étude [Garambois et al., 2012a]. Une sélection des évènements de calibration et une technique de calibration multi évènements aident à l’extraction d’un jeu de paramètres par bassin versant. Ces paramétrisations sont testées sur des évènements de validation. Une méthode de décomposition de la variance des résultats conduit aux sensibilités temporelles du modèle à ses paramètres. Cela permet de mieux appréhender la dynamique des processus physiques rapides en jeu lors de ces crues [Garambois et al., 2012c]. Les paramétrisations retenues sont transférées à l’aide de similarités hydrologiques sur des bassins versants non jaugés, à des fins de prévision opérationnelle
Climate and orography in the Mediterranean region tend to promote intense rainfalls, particularly in autumn. Storms often hit steep catchments. Flood quickness only let a very short time lapse for forecasts. Peak flow intensity depends on the great variability of rainfalls and catchment characteristics. As a matter of facts, observation networks are not adapted to these small space-time scales and event severity often affects data fiability when they exist thus the notion of ungauged catchment emerges. Regionalization in hydrology seeks to determine hydrological variables at locations where these data lack. This work contributes to pose the bases of a methodology adapted to transpose parameterizations of a flash flood dedicated distributed hydrologic model from gauged catchments to ungauged ones, and for a large study area. The MARINE distributed hydrologic model is used [Roux et al., 2011], its originality lies in the automatically differentiated adjoint model able to perform calibrations and spatial-temporal sensitivity analysis, in order to improve understanding in flash flood generating mechanisms and real time data assimilation for hydrometeorological forecasts. MARINE sensitivity analysis addresses the question of physical process understanding. A large panel of hydrologic behaviours is explored. General catchment behaviours are highlighted for the study area [Garambois et al., 2012a]. Selected flood events and a multiple events calibration technique help to extract catchment parameter sets. Those parameterizations are tested on validation events. A variance decomposition method leads to parameter temporal sensitivity analysis. It enables better understanding in catching dynamics of physical processes involved in flash floods formation [Garambois et al., 2012c]. Parameterizations are then transfered from gauged catchments with hydrologic similarity to ungauged ones with a view to develop real time flood forecasting
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Douinot, Audrey. "Analyse des processus d'écoulement lors de crues à cinétique rapide sur l'arc méditerranéen." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU30265/document.

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L'objectif de la thèse est d'améliorer la compréhension des processus hydrologiques lors des événements de crues éclair. Se basant sur un modèle existant (MARINE), l'étude se concentre sur les processus internes au sol. Une étape préliminaire permet, à partir de l'analyse des données, de confirmer l'activité du socle rocheux durant les crues éclair. Une analyse structurelle de MARINE est réalisée, afin de connaître la sensibilité des flux de subsurface aux choix structurels. Une nouvelle modélisation, plus robuste et intégrant explicitement une représentation des roches altérées, est mise en place. Supposant des chemins préférentiels à l'interface sol/roche, le modèle donne une bonne reproduction des bassins sédimentaires. Sur les bassins granitiques, il sous-estime les récessions et, en conséquence, les éventuels seconds pics de crue, montrant la nécessité de représenter des flux significatifs sur ces bassins, y compris dans la zone altérée
The purpose of this thesis is to improve the knowledge of hydrological processes during flash flood events using rainfall-runoff modelling. The project focuses on hydrological processes occurring into soil and subsoil horizons. A preliminary data analysis corroborates the activity of the weathered bedrock during flash floods. The hydrological response, simulated by the MARINE model, is then investigated to detect the sensitivity of subsurface flow processes to model assumptions. It leads to several modifications of the model structure in order to make it more robust. Moreover a two-layered soil column is implemented to explicitly integrate the activity of the weathered bedrock into the model. Assuming preferential path flows at the soil-bedrock interface, the model performs well on sedimentary watersheds, but underestimate recession curves and second flood peaks on granitic ones, showing the need to simulate as well significantcontribution from the weathered bedrock
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Swaby, David. "Flasher calibration of the T1 and T2 CANGAROO telescopes and TeV gamma ray observation of Markarian 421 and EXO 055625-3838.6 BL Lacertae blazars." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/66096.

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Calibration tests were made on the T1 and T2 telescopes of the CANGAROO collaboration in 2001 to 2003, using a custom-made LED light flasher apparatus to test the two (T1 and T2) telescope responses to a fixed amplitude light signal. The flasher apparatus was set up (a kilometre distance from the telescopes), to trigger the telescopes with a 10 nanosecond or 20 nanosecond pulse width flash, running at a rate of 1 kilohertz. Measurement of the light intensity of the flasher was achieved by using a custom-made PIN diode monitor coupled to the flasher output. After data analysis, it was found that the principal flasher signal amplitude variation (from month to month) as measured by a telescope, was due to errors in the encoders upon slewing and parking the telescope. This effect was found and measured by taking the two dimensional cross-correlation of the flasher pixel images (acquired in the camera of the two telescopes), taken monthly. Measurement of the T1 telescope energy threshold was attempted, using cosmic ray showers at the zenith, on two separate occasions. Finally, 2313.9 on-source minutes of data on the HBL Lac. blazar, Markarian 421 data was acquired by T1 in 2001 to 2003, and 1013 on-source minutes of data on the BL Lac. blazar EXO 055625-3838.6 were acquired in 2002 and 2003, by T1. From alpha plot distributions (where alpha ≤ 40°), it was found that the TeV gamma ray signal significance for Markarian 421 was 2.8 σ (in 2001-03); 3.3 σ (in 2001) and 0.4 σ (upper limit in 2002-03). Furthermore, from (alpha < 20°) to maximize signal over noise, the significance for Markarian 421 was found to be 3.5 σ (2001-03); 3.5 σ (in 2001) and 1.2 σ (upper limit in 2002-03). The TeV gamma ray signal significance (where alpha ≤ 20°), was 2.2 σ for EXO 055625-3838.6 over 2002-03.
Thesis (M.Sc.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Chemistry and Physics, 2010
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Sung, Chih-Kuo, and 宋治國. "A 6-bit 1GSPS Flash ADC with Background Offset Calibration." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24460788734903512727.

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碩士
國立成功大學
電機工程學系碩博士班
96
Offset calibration is a technique which detects the offset and adjusts the circuit configuration accordingly. However, foreground calibration only processes once which is not easy to prevent offset variations caused by temperature and supply voltage. In this thesis, the offset calibration circuit is proposed to make the circuit of the preamplifier and the comparator-latch match. It means that the offset voltages of the preamplifier and the comparator-latch are calibrated. Since the offset calibration circuit is based on the switch-capacitor circuit, the requirement of the power is less. The switch-capacitor circuit does not located at the connection of the conversion circuits, which does not affect the operating rate of the conversion. With the new switch network, the background offset calibration technique is implemented to prevent the offset variation. A 6-bit 1GSample/s flash ADC is implemented by TSMC 0.13um 1P8M CMOS process. After calibration, the simulation results show that SNDR is 36dB with 480MHz input frequency at 1GHz sample rate. The power consumption is 13.2mW where output buffers are not included. FoM of this ADC is 259fJ/conversion-step. Other comparable designs have FOMs between 0.5 to 10 pJ.
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Liau, Jiun-Jie, and 廖俊杰. "A 4-Bit 1GSPS Flash ADC with Step-Shifted Background Calibration." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/85125639040706939529.

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碩士
國立成功大學
電機工程學系碩博士班
96
A 4-bit flash ADC with step-shifted background calibration method is proposed in this thesis. This system would increase one comparator, switches for resistor ladder and use the random phase generator to generate shifted and non-shifted states. For the same comparator, its reference voltage would shift 1LSB in the two states. Because of the offset due to device mismatch, the probability of the input signal hitting into the same thermometer in shifted and non-shifted states would not be the same. Then, the system calculates the probability of the two states by ripple counter and applies the DAC circuit to cancel the offset. The counter would only work where the input signal hits in the thermometer code. Therefore, all of the counters wouldn’t work at the same time. Finally, the performance of the system would improve and keep after some calibration periods. This ADC is fabricated in a 0.13μm 1P8M CMOS process. The active area is only 0.027mm2. The ADC achieves a measured ENOB of 3.83b for a 435MHz input at 1GS/s. The power consumption (including clock buffer and resistor ladder) is 5mW at 1GS/s.
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Chiou, Ming-Chi, and 邱銘吉. "A 6-bit 1GSPS Flash ADC with Step-Shifted Background Calibration." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/96974104278031857942.

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碩士
國立成功大學
電機工程學系碩博士班
98
In this thesis, a 6-bit 1GSPS Flash ADC is implemented, and a background offset calibration circuit is proposed to calibrate the offset of the preamplifier and the latch due to mismatch. By using the switches for resistor ladder, the 1LSB step-shifted voltage from its reference voltage is generated. The probability of the input signal hitting into the same thermometer code would be not be the same in differential step-shifted. According to the output thermometer code and use the DAC with the ripple counter circuit to calibrate the offset. The two-level step-shifted method is proposed for higher resolution. A 6-bit 1G Sample/s flash ADC is implemented by TSMC 0.13um 1P8M CMOS process. Simulation results show that SNDR is 37dB with 441MHz input frequency at 1GHz sample rate. The power consumption is 13.2mW with a 1.2-V supply where output buffers are excluded.
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Chang, Hsuan-Yu, and 張軒瑜. "Design of Low-Power Flash Analog-to-Digital Converters Using Digital Calibration." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/47809309624999322555.

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博士
國立中興大學
電機工程學系所
104
Flash-type ADCs have the inherent advantage on high-speed sampling rates. Although the flash ADC is superiority in sampling rate but its large power consumption makes itself bottleneck in many applications. Speed, power and accuracy are tradeoff in high-speed CMOS ADC design. Process technology scaling trends toward smaller transistor dimensions and low supply voltage, and thereby it leads to greatly reduce power consumption in flash ADCs. The never-ending story of CMOS technology trending toward smaller transistor dimensions has resulted to date in deep submicron transistors with lower supply voltages. Transistor size scaling results in significant offset voltage and supply voltage scaling makes it more difficult in higher accuracy design. In order to improving above design issues, many techniques have been proposed, such as resistor-averaging networks and digital calibrated techniques. Especially, the digital calibrated techniques are main solutions recently. In this thesis, the new idea of digital calibrated technique is proposed to realize high-speed ADCs. First chip, using tree-type metal layout and digital calibration, a 6-bit 2-GS/s flash ADC without track-and-hold is presented. Since large offset voltages caused by using small device sizes in front-end of high-speed ADCs usually result in nonlinearity in output, a digitally calibrated method is applied to improve the performance of the proposed ADC. In addition, no track-and-hold circuit used will cause dynamic error but tree-type metal layout will avoid it. Measurement results show the ADC achieves a SNDR of 35.6 dB for a low frequency input at 2 GS/s sampling frequency, and 32.7 dB for an ERBW input frequency. The power consumption is 28 mW at 2 GS/s from a 1.2-V supply. The core area is 0.56mm × 0.62mm and the figure of merit is 0.54pJ/conv. Second chip, a 6-bit flash ADC using reference-voltage- interpolated calibration to improve linearity and reduce power dissipation is presented. In the ADC, the digital calibration logic employs successive approximation algorithm and minimized residue algorithm to determine precise calibration levels. Implemented by 90-nm CMOS process, the proposed ADC can achieve a signal-to-noise-and-distortion ratio of 36 dB for a low input frequency and 33.5 dB for a Nyquist-rate input frequency at 2-GS/s sampling rate. The peaks of integral and differential nonlinearities after calibration are 0.36 LSB and 0.42 LSB, respectively. The power consumption is 25 mW at 2-GS/s from a 1.2-V supply. The core area is 0.32 mm × 0.62 mm, and the figure of merit is 0.34 pJ/conversion step. Finally, we compare the two chips design considerations and improvements. The first chip is suitable only in single ADC system application due to no track-and-hold circuit. The second chip is suitable in multi-sub ADCs system application, such as time-interleaved ultra-high speed ADCs. The second chip consumes less power comparing to the first chip due to wider calibration range. Transistor size of the comparator in flash ADC can be designed smaller due to wide calibration range, and it consumes less dynamic power. Performance summary and comparison table will be shown finally.
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Lin, Yi-Huan, and 林依寰. "A 1.2V 6-bit 1GS/s Flash ADC with Foreground Offset Calibration." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92064142758735397577.

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碩士
國立中正大學
電機工程研究所
99
A 1.2V 6-bit 1G sample/s flash ADC with foreground digital calibration is designed and implemented in TSMC standard 90nm 1P9M mixed-signal process technology. The design considerations and analyses of the resistor ladder, track-and-hold circuits, comparator, and encoder are presented. To alleviate random offsets caused by process variation, a digital calibration technique is adopted. Considering power consumption and operating speed, current mode logic (CML) circuits are chosen instead of CMOS logic circuits. Post layout simulation shows with calibration the SNDR is improved to 35dB, where input frequency is 490MHz and the sampling rate is 1Gsample/s. The total power consumption of this converter at full speed is 156mW and the area is 1mm2.
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Book chapters on the topic "Flasher calibration"

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Rajab, Mohammed. "Error characteristics and read threshold calibration for flash memories." In Channel and Source Coding for Non-Volatile Flash Memories, 5–28. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-28982-9_2.

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Mark, Howard, and Jerry Workman. "Linearity in Calibration, Act III Scene VI: Quantifying Nonlinearity, Part II, and a News Flash ☆." In Chemometrics in Spectroscopy, 465–75. Elsevier, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-805309-6.00069-6.

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Mark, Howard, and Jerry Workman. "Linearity in Calibration: Act III Scene VI – Quantifying Nonlinearity, Part II, and a News Flash." In Chemometrics in Spectroscopy, 459–69. Elsevier, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-012374024-3/50069-6.

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Huang, M. H. A., S. Ahmad, P. Barrillon, S. Brandt, C. Budtz-Jørgensen, A. J. Castro-Tirado, S. H. Chang, et al. "THE CALIBRATION AND SIMULATION OF THE GRB TRIGGER DETECTOR OF THE ULTRA FAST FLASH OBSERVATORY." In Gamma-ray Bursts: 15 Years of GRB Afterglows, 531–36. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-1002-4-088.

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Huang, M. H. A., S. Ahmad, P. Barrillon, S. Brandt, C. Budtz-Jørgensen, A. J. Castro-Tirado, S. H. Chang, et al. "THE CALIBRATION AND SIMULATION OF THE GRB TRIGGER DETECTOR OF THE ULTRA FAST FLASH OBSERVATORY." In Gamma-ray Bursts: 15 Years of GRB Afterglows, 531–36. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-1002-4.c088.

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Mark, Howard, and Jerry Workman. "Linearity in Calibration, Act III, Scene VI: Quantifying Nonlinearity, Part II: A Calculus-Based Approach, and A News Flash." In Chemometrics in Spectroscopy, 465–75. Elsevier, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-91164-1.00069-4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Flasher calibration"

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Patterson, John R. "Calibration of Cangaroo II telescope using a fast blue LED light flasher." In The international symposium on high energy gamma-ray astronomy. AIP, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1370838.

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Brown, Anthony, Thomas Armstrong, Paula Chadwick, Michael Daniel, and Richard White. "Flasher and muon-based calibration of the GCT telescopes proposed for the Cherenkov Telescope Array." In The 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.236.0934.

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Islam Gamal, Islam Gamal. "AUTOSAR-Compliant Methodology for Calibrating ECUs using Universal Calibration and Measurement Protocol." In FISITA World Congress 2021. FISITA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46720/f2021-ves-039.

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Abstract:
"I. POINTS TO BE ADDRESSED Electronic Control Unit (ECU) calibration, i.e., finding optimal values for ECU-parameters of a new vehicle, has become a crucial element for the overall vehicle performance. It is an essential part of the development process: from functional development to production. The main challenges in calibrating complex ECUs are tuning thousands of calibration parameters and taking into account numerous interactions between different software functions and ECUs. In addition, calibration tasks are normally performed in a work-split between Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs), tier-1 suppliers and basic software (BSW) suppliers. Moreover, calibration of electronic systems have to be done for a number of model variants or different vehicles which are sold in the different markets. Accordingly, companies require solutions that combine human expertise and easy data handling to manage complex calibration tasks. II. METHODOLOGY A complete calibration system solution consists of: a target ECU, on top of which a specific system is running, along with an embedded Universal Calibration and Measurement Protocol (XCP) driver; a Measurement and Calibration (MC) tool that usually runs on a PC; and an interface through which the target ECU is connected to the MC tool. In this paper, we will introduce a complete and efficient toolchain for performing calibration and measurement processes, so that ECU software is parameterized in such a manner that the behavior of vehicle systems can be easily adapted to a variety of vehicle models or system variants. Additionally, we will explain the required data model through the different parts of the toolchain. III. CONCLUSION XCP has a distinct business advantage, as it increases functionality to help both the OEM and modules supplier focus on the development of electronic module applications. Additionally, internal support staff dedicated to maintain proprietary internal tools for module calibration, testing, measurement, and flash programming is no longer needed since “off-the-shelf” tools are available for this purpose. Finally, our toolchain is efficient to be used with OEMs cars that are composed of AUTOSAR-based ECUs."
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Rajab, Mohammed, Johann-Philipp Thiers, and Jurgen Freudenberger. "Read Threshold Calibration for Non-Volatile Flash Memories." In 2019 IEEE 9th International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE-Berlin). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icce-berlin47944.2019.8966181.

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Yun-Shiang Shu, Jui-Yuan Tsai, Ping Chen, Tien-Yu Lo, and Pao-Cheng Chiu. "A background calibration technique for fully dynamic flash ADCs." In 2013 International Symposium on VLSI Design, Automation and Test (VLSI-DAT). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vldi-dat.2013.6533857.

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Kijima, Masashi, Kenji Ito, Kuniyoshi Kamei, and Sanroku Tsukamoto. "A 6b 3GS/s flash ADC with background calibration." In 2009 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (CICC). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cicc.2009.5280860.

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R., Pradeep, Siddharth R.K., Nithin Kumar Y.B., and Vasantha M.H. "Process Corner Calibration for Standard Cell Based Flash ADC." In 2019 IEEE International Symposium on Smart Electronic Systems (iSES) (Formerly iNiS). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ises47678.2019.00051.

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Tzu-Yi Tang, Jhao-Wei Zeng, K. Chen, and Tsung-Heng Tsai. "A threshold-embedded offset calibration technique for folding flash ADCs." In 2013 2nd International Symposium on Next-Generation Electronics (ISNE 2013). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isne.2013.6512277.

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Baboi, N., P. Castro, O. Hensler, J. Lund-Nielsen, D. Nolle, L. Petrosyan, E. Prat, T. Traber, M. Krasilnikov, and W. Riesch. "Beam position monitor calibration at the FLASH linac at DESY." In 2007 IEEE Particle Accelerator Conference (PAC). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pac.2007.4439937.

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Chatterjee, Shatadal, Maryaradhiya Daimari, and Sounak Roy. "A Fully Digital Foreground Calibration Technique of A Flash ADC." In 2021 IEEE Computer Society Annual Symposium on VLSI (ISVLSI). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isvlsi51109.2021.00012.

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