Journal articles on the topic 'Flagman'
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Flores, David Lopez, Graciela Ramirez Alonso, Daniel Aguirre Prieto, Martin Acosta Corral, Arturo Armendariz Camargo, and Brian Granados Perez. "Implementation of two robotic flagmen controlled by CAN messages to increase the safety of human workers in road maintenance." Journal of Applied Research and Technology 18, no. 4 (August 30, 2020): 169–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/icat.24486736e.2020.18.4.1191.
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Commonly, the improper signaling in road construction zones is the cause of different accidents to drivers, pedestrians, and road construction workers. The signaling used when a vehicle is approaching a repairing section could be classified into two classes: stationary or active. Nevertheless, active warning systems have demonstrated to reduce accidents in road work zones. Within the active signaling class we have: portable changeable message sign, flashing arrow signs, flagman, to mention some. This paper describes the implementation of two robotic flagmen controlled by the Controller Area Network (CAN) protocol. Each robotic flagman can perform four different actions: speed reduction (right and left) and lane change (right and left). The electronic circuitry and mechanical motors of the two robotic flagmen have the option to be powered by a solar charging system considering working zones where there is no access to the electric grid. The solar charging system guarantees a sufficient electrical power supply for night conditions operations. Also, the CAN protocol can be used to monitor the correct operability of the robotic flagmen thus eliminating the need to incorporate more expensive electronic devices such as cameras. The hardware combination in the control, monitoring, and solar charging system allow us to propose a low-cost practical implementation. The results of our implementation show that the longest response time of the robot is less than 850 ms once that the CAN message has been sent to the network. This demonstrates that our proposal can meet real-time implementation requirements.
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Irina Khalip. "PRESIDENT AND FLAGMAN." Current Digest of the Russian Press, The 70, no. 042 (October 21, 2018): 14–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21557/dsp.52249832.
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Tsitskiev, Z., M. Bazgiev, K. Badurgova, and I. Arsamakov. "THE INFLUENCE OF GROWTH REGULATORS ON SUNFLOWER PRODUCTIVITY IN THE FOREST-STEPPE ZONE OF THE REPUBLIC OF INGUSHETIA." National Association of Scientists 2, no. 71 (October 10, 2021): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/nas.2413-5291.2021.2.71.474.
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ABSTRACT
The results of two-year observations of the growth and development of four sunflower varieties: Master, Flagman, Lakomka, Rodnik against the background of the use of three plant growth regulators: Zircon, Epin and Regoplant on the soil in the forest-steppe zone of the Republic of Ingushetia are presented.
Studies have shown that the effect of growth regulators begins to manifest itself even during the period of seed germination. The length of seedlings and roots was most influenced by Zircon, less by Regoplant and Epin. Sunflower seeds treated with these growth regulators had roots 2.0-2.5 cm longer than the roots of untreated seeds (control), and the length of seedlings exceeded the control by 2.7-3.5 cm, while the Flagman variety had a small length of seedlings and roots. advantage.
During the study period, the Flagman cultivar was distinguished by the highest yield, the Lakomka cultivar was somewhat less productive, and the Rodnik and Master cultivars were the least productive. On average, over two years of research, the varieties Flagman and Lakomka against the background of the use of Regoplant provided 2.5 t / ha of oilseeds, which is significantly more than other options.
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Shchukis, S. K., and E. R. Shchukis. "THE ESTIMATION OF PEAS COLLECTION IN THE ALTAI." Grain Economy of Russia, no. 3 (July 17, 2019): 48–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.31367/2079-8725-2019-63-3-48-52.
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The article emphasizes the importance of peas as a source of vegetative protein, and indicates on insufficient areas under peas both in Russia and in the Altai. One of the reasons of reducing its acreage is the high costs on peas planting and protecting from pests, diseases and weeds. Climate changing contributes to rapid development of such harmful diseases as ascohitoz, bacteriosis, fusarium, rust, significant number of weevil, pea aphid and moth mullet. Considering the main directions in pea breeding, it should be emphasized that the Altai Area, with its vast territory and diverse natural and climatic conditions, requires highly productive, well-adapted varieties of different use which are capable to effectively use agro-climatic resources of different zones. All this requires the active study of the source material, the selection of new, economically valuable forms and their introduction into the breeding process. It has been noted that the production requires more advanced varieties, the development of which is impossible without the presence of diverse source material. The purpose of the study was to identify the best productive plants in the pea collection of 2012-2017. The material has been represented by 113 variety samples of domestic and foreign selection. The varieties with best productivity were ‘Mnogoplodny 163’, ‘Rheinperle’, ‘Flagman 12’, ‘806’9, ‘Varyag’, ‘Altaisky Usaty’, ‘Pioner’, ‘LittleMarwel’, ‘Mnogoplodny 27’, ‘Zeleny Tsukat’, ‘Ryadovoy’, ‘576/80’. The best forage productivity was produced by ‘Novosibirets’, ‘Varyag’, ‘Pino’, ‘Zeleny Tsukat’, ‘Mnogoplodny 105’. The most fast-ripening varieties were ‘Rheinperle’ and ‘Pyrama’. The samples ‘Novosibirets’, ‘Varyag’, ‘Pino’ and ‘8067’ were characterized with high plant height. The samples ‘Pyrama’, ‘Flagman 12’, ‘Novosibirets’, ‘Sihirobana-Kinusaja’, the line ‘312’ produced large-sized kernels. The great lodge resistance has been shown by ‘Altaisky Usaty’, ‘Svetozar’, ‘Kamerton’, ‘Flagman 12’.
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Magomedov, N. R., F. М. Kazimetova, D. Yu Suleymanov, and A. A. Abdullaev. "Rice growth and development depending on cultivation conditions in the Tersko-Sulak sub-province of Dagestan." Grain Economy of Russia, no. 5 (October 30, 2020): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.31367/2079-8725-2020-71-5-3-8.
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The purpose of the current research is to study of the biological characteristics of rice growth and development, as well as the productivity of the new promising varieties in the Tersko-Sulak sub-province; to identify the optimal doses of mineral fertilizers and the best forecrops for the cultivation of these varieties by herbicide-free technology; to recommend the varieties identified by grain productivity and quality for regionalization in the republic. The novelty of the research is that for the first time in the RD conditions there have been studied the biological characteristics of growth and development, as well as the productivity of new promising rice varieties ‘Flagman' and ‘Kuboyar' in comparison with the standard variety ‘Regul' spread in the republic. The rice cultivation contributes to productivity increase of saline lands and the development of soils in the solonetz complex. The conditions of the Tersko-Sulak sub-province, the presence of large rivers (Terek, Sulak), a favorable thermal regime make it possible to obtain here high yields of rice meeting the requirements of agricultural technology. The ability of rice to withstand soil salinity from 0.05 to 1.5%, depending on the nature of salinity, makes it possible to significantly increase the productivity of saline lands, the area of which is more than 50%. There have been studied two forecrops (winter wheat, alfalfa), four doses of mineral fertilizers (N110P50K70, N140P80K100, N77P35K49, N98P56K70) and three rice varieties ‘Regul', ‘Flagman', ‘Kuboyar'. For two years of research, the variety ‘Flagman' sown after alfalfa with a dose of mineral fertilizers N98P56K70 produced the largest yields of 6.79 t/ha in 2018 and 6.85 t/ha in 2019, which was on 1.81 t/ha and 1.32 t/ha more than in the variant without fertilizing. The varieties ‘Regul' and ‘Kuboyar' with the same doses of mineral fertilizers produced the average yields of 5.76 and 6.20 t/ha, respectively. The highest efficiency of mineral fertilizers was established where the soil was well supplied with organic matter, i. e. when the varieties were sown after alfalfa.
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Tumanian, Natalia, Tatyana Kumejko, Svetlana Chizhikova, Elina Papulova, and Sergey Garkusha. "Impact of nitrogen fertilizers on protein and amylose content in grain of rice varieties grown in different agrolandscapes of Krasnodar region." E3S Web of Conferences 175 (2020): 07009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017507009.
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The article presents the results of evaluation of rice varieties Flagman, Novator, Favorit, Olimp, Yubileyniy 85, Atlant, Kurazh, Rapan 2, Patriot, Azovsky, Polevik, Kazachok 4, Nautilus, Yakhont, bred in 1996-2019 by Russian breeders and grown in the Abinsky district, Krasnodar region by protein and amylose content in the grain due to the level of nitrogen nutrition during the growing season. The protein content in grain in all varieties with an increase in the applied nitrogen fertilizers from N90 to N120 increased by 0.03-0.56%. In 2016, the varieties Novator, Flagman, Olimp, Atlant, Kurazh, Kazachok 4 were 0.40% and higher; in the varieties Favorit, Polevik, Yubileiny 85, Patriot, Nautilus and Yakhont by 0.03-0.39%. The variety Patriot showed a slight growth trend in PC. In polished rice, PC decreased in two variants of the experiment to 78.991.9% PC, and the indicator was not dependent on the variant. Under the conditions of rice cultivation at N 120, a decrease in the amylose content in grain in varieties by 0.2-0.7% was observed. There was a general trend of a more significant decrease in AC in varieties in 2018. All varieties were assigned to the group of low amylose varieties with AC from 15.1 to 19.0%.
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Dubina, Elena, Pavel Kostylev, Sergey Garkusha, Margarita Ruban, and Dmitry Pischenko. "Marker assisted rice breeding for resistance to biotic and abiotic stressors." BIO Web of Conferences 21 (2020): 00012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20202100012.
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Due to the fact that blast (causative agent – Pyricularia oryzae Cav.) is considered to be one of the harmful diseases of rice around the world, weeds compete with the crop for light, mineral nutrition and space, the accelerated development of resistant genotypes for these stressors is very relevant. The use of modern biotechnological approaches (molecular marking) is promising and especially in demand in breeding rice varieties of a new generation. This article presents the results on the introduction and pyramiding in the same genotype blast resistance genes Pi-1, Pi-2, Pi-33, Pi-ta, Pi-b, Pi-40 and the gene for tolerance to prolonged flooding Sub 1A, as a weed control factor, based on domestic rice varieties Flagman, Snezhinka, Novator, Boyarin, as well as large-grain lines, with a short growing season VNIIR5242, KP-25-14, KP-163 and VNIIR9678. As a result of the volumetric work using marker control of target genes in the genotypes of hybrid plants, 4 modern varietal samples and more than 400 backcross self-pollinated rice lines with introduced and pyramided blast resistance genes, as well as backcross self-pollinated lines with Pi and Sub1A genes, were obtained. These plants are adapted for cultivation in the south of Russia, have a duration of 115-117 days, a height of 87-100 cm, a mass of 1000 grains – 30 or more grams, a yield of 8.5 – 11 t/ha, which is significantly higher than that of the standard variety Flagman.
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Katyuk, A. I. "The formation of seed productivity of a peas collection of different morphotypes in the Middle Volga region (PoVolzhie)." Grain Economy of Russia, no. 5 (October 30, 2020): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31367/2079-8725-2020-71-5-32-38.
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The purpose of the current paper was to study the features of the formation of productivity components and their correlation in the peas varieties of different morphotypes to develop new breeding material with high productivity. The study was carried out in the conditions of the Middle Volga region (PoVolzhie) in 2005, 2008-2011 and 2018-2019 according to generally accepted methods. The objects of the study were the pea varieties of various ecological and geographical origin of domestic and foreign selection. There were studied from 50 to 194 varieties in different years. High seed productivity was identified in the mustachioed determinant group (3.5 g) and the chameleon group (4.0 g). The seed weight in the peas varieties belonging to these groups was 0.5 and 1.0 g per plant or on 16-30% higher than that of the traditional leafy indeterminate group of varieties, respectively. There has been established a positive correlation between seed weight per plant and number of seeds per plant (r = 0.742-0.887), number of beans per plant (r = 0.736-0.814) and seed weight per fertile node (r = 0.716-0.851). There has been shown that the variability of pea productivity was largely stipulated by number of seeds per plant in the favorable climatic years and by seed weight per fertile node in the arid years. In various morphological groups there have been identified the sources of high seed productivity, maximally adapted to the conditions of the region. The best sources ‘Ras tip', ‘Az26', ‘Az96637', ‘Flagman 9', ‘Az931776', the determinant ‘VSKhI', ‘Harvus', ‘Faraon', ‘Flagman 7', ‘Orel', ‘Kuibyshevsky', ‘Voronezhsky', ‘B3390/11') will be included in the breeding process.
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Saveleva, Natalia, Nadezhda Borzykh, Vladislav Chivilev, Andrey Yushkov, Aleksander Zemisov, and Tatiana Cherenkova. "Biochemical composition of scab-immune apple fruits varieties (Malus domestica B.) as a valuable component of healthy dietary." BIO Web of Conferences 30 (2021): 01018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20213001018.
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The article presents an analysis of the biochemical composition of apple varieties (Malus domestica B.) with immunity to scab. Domestic and foreign apple varieties are used as research objects. Variability in fruits in the content of ascorbic acid (AA), soluble solids (SDS), P-active compounds, and titratable acids was noted. The high content of AA is noted in Uspenskoe, Skala, Bylina, Flagman, Yubilyar apple varieties. Long-term studies have revealed intervarietal differences in biochemical composition and variation of this trait over the years in apples. Varieties with valuable biochemical composition and immunity to scab can be used in organic food production, as well as in further breeding work to improve the quality of fruits.
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Roik, M. V. "Creative achievements and thorny roads of the flagman of beet farming and bioenergy of Ukraine." Bioenergy, no. 1-2 (December 28, 2022): 4–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.47414/be.1-2.2022.271339.
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Dudchenko, T. V. "Resistance of the national collection of rice varieties to phytophagous pests." Interdepartmental Thematic Scientific Collection of Plant Protection and Quarantine, no. 62 (September 3, 2016): 100–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.36495/1606-9773.2016.62.100-118.
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The results of the field evaluation of the national collection of rice varieties, for resistance to Cricotopus silvestris Fabr., Hydrelia grisseola Fall., Ephydra macellaria Egg. & Schizaphis graminum Rond. by using an improved method of determining all types (antixenosis, antibiosis, evasion and tolerance) and adaptive resistance, are provided. Under conditions of 2011, among the 23 examined samples 3 varieties turned out to be resistant (with a score of 6) to Cricotopus silvestris Fabr., 1 to Hydrelia grisseola Fall., 2 to Ephydra macellaria Egg. In 2012, complex resistance (among 41 rice varieties) was observed in: UIR 3482, Flagman, Snezhynka, KOP-383-93 (red), which can be harnessed in a program of breeding resistant varieties. Rice samples exhibited different sensitivity to the scheme: mixed herbicide penoksulam + tsyhalofop-butyl and insecticide lambda tsyhalotryn after 10 days.
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Gudkovsky, V. A., L. V. Kozhina, Yu B. Nazarov, A. V. Sutormina, and D. V. Akishin. "Keeping ability of apple fruits of new cultivars under different storage technologies." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 845, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012099. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/845/1/012099.
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Abstract The fruits of new apple cultivars bred by the FSBSI “Federal Scientific Center named after IV Michurin”, adapted to the stressful weather conditions of the Central Black Earth Region of Russia, were used. During storage of control and 1-MCP-treated fruits of 5 studied apple cultivars in air (regular atmosphere: CO2 = 0.03%, O2 = 21%), modified atmosphere (O2 = 16-19%, CO2 = 1.5-5.0%) and controlled atmosphere with ultra-low oxygen content (O2 = 1.2-1.5%, CO2 = 1.2-1.5%), the following main diseases were identified: for cv. Uspenskoye – scald, bitter pit, breakdown; for cv. Fregat - bitter pit, breakdown, CO2-skin injury. Development of several diseases at the same time is also possible (CO2-skin injury + bitter pit, bitter pit + breakdown); for cv. Flagman - scald, bitter pit, breakdown, scald + bitter pit; for cv. Bylina - CO2-skin injury, bitter pit, breakdown, soft scald; for cv. Vympel - CO2-skin injury. Maximum storage efficiency was shown by fruits cv. Vympel stored under CA + 1-MCP technology. Data on the keeping ability of apple fruits of the studied cultivars allow developing high-precision varietal storage technologies.
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Kashirskaya, Natalia, Andrei Kuzin, Anna Kochkina, and Irina Kirina. "Results of "Shin-Etsu" pheromone application on immune cultivars in the apple protection system to control of codling moth." BIO Web of Conferences 47 (2022): 05009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20224705009.
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Codling moth is a very dangerous pest in apple orchards: the pest could damage up to 70-90% of pome fruits in the years of mass reproduction. The climate change increased the harmfulness of the pest during the last years. The aim of our study was the determination of “Shin-Etsu” dispenser application efficiency for codling moth disorientation comparing with conventional apple protection system. The experiment was done in apple orchards of JSC “Dubovoye” (Tambov oblast) in 2020-2021. The objects of the study were the scab immune cultivars Venyaminovskoye and Flagman grafted on B396 rootstock. Codling moth damaged 9.4-12.1% fruits in the control treatment after the first generation and 11.6-15.2% by the second generation. The application of the experimental protection system with dispensers decreased the fruit damage rate after the first generation up to 0.5-0.8% and second generation—0.9-1.1%. The biological efficiency of the experimental system in both cultivars was higher and reached 92.2-96.7% after the first generation and 90.5-94.0% after the second. The average yield in the “Shin-Etsu” protection system was 9.7-12.5 kg tree-1 where 87-90% fruits were premium quality.
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Truba, A. C., and O. N. Mikhaylyuk. "THE SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL CENTRE "MICHURINSK VALLEY" IS THE FLAGMAN PROJECT OF ECONOMIC GROWTH OF DOMESTIC AGRARIAN AND INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX." Экономика сельского хозяйства России, no. 9 (September 2019): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.32651/199-17.
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Makarova, Marina Vladimirovna. "Prospects of online education in Russia." Современное образование, no. 2 (February 2020): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8736.2020.2.29088.
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The subject of this article is the problems in the export of Russian education, particularly in online education. The author examines the prospects of demand for Russian online education in Russia and abroad. Such problematic questions of online education as its quality and control are raised in the course of this research. Attention is given to the export of education in the Russian Federation, namely online education in universities. The government conducts active import substitution policy since 2014, including in the sphere of education. The prospects of online education in Russia can be reflected in three vectors: 1) development of vocational education; 2) development of higher education; 3) development of business education. The scientific novelty consists in an attempt to answer the following question: is online education as an important element of import substitution policy and advancement of non-resource export is necessary for the government and educational organizations. The provided information testifies to the fact that online education is beneficial for flagman universities, as the grants are allocated to them. At the same time, it is an extremely rare case when nonprofit organizations gain advantage from it. Therefore, the question on the need for advancement of online education remains controversial.
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Jian, Jiun-Yin, Gerry E. Miller, and Sahil Shah. "Preventing Human Error in Crane Operations: A Case Study of Organizational and Design Elements." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 61, no. 1 (September 2017): 1695–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931213601912.
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Between 2009 and 2016, 57 offshore crane-related incidents in the process industry resulted in numerous injuries and fatalities in the Gulf of Mexico region (Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement, 2017) with estimated cost over 3.5 million US dollars. For this reason, crane incidents continue to be a major focus and of oil and gas industry concern. Despite the large progress made with crane technology and regulation (American Petroleum Institute, 2013, 2014), operators and workers remain exposed to risks due to inadequate consideration of human factors in design. This desk-based evaluation was conducted to address the human factors related to crane operations with a detailed focus on cabin display and control arrangements, identification of blind spots, safe lifting practices, and compliance with regulatory requirements. It was found that the one configuration of the two-lever controls recommended by API 2C was conducive to causing human error, and that a rearrangement of the labeling and color-coding could increase readability and legibility to the operator. A modification to this arrangement is recommended in order to further prevent exposures to crane hazards stemming from human error. In addition, the operator’s field of view (FOV) or line of sight (LOS) was simulated using schematics, 3D models, and anthropometric data in order to identify blind spots during lifting and lowering activities. This strategy can be implemented in the preparation of lift plans which will subsequently facilitate adequate communication between the operator and flagman during blind lifts.
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Golubev, A. S., and P. I. Borushko. "Efficiency of herbicide ACRIS (dimethenamid-P + terbuthylazine) on sunflower." Oil Crops 187, no. 3 (November 25, 2021): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.25230/2412-608x-2021-3-187-65-70.
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Trials with a herbicide Acris, SE (280 g/l of dimethenamid-P + 250 g/l of terbuthylazine) were carried out in the Astrakhan, Krasnodar and Altai regions. The aim of this work is studying biological and economic efficiency of pre-emergence treatment with the combined herbicide Acris, SE on sunflower. The treatment with the herbicide Acris, SE (2.0–3.0 l/ha) made it possible to prevent many annual dicotyledonous weeds: Chenopodium album, Amaranthus retroflexus, Fagopyrum tataricum, Abutilon theophrastii and Solanum nigrum. Ambrosia artemisiifolia, found in the Krasnodar region, is less sensitive to this herbicide. The herbicide Acris, SE was highly effective in suppressing annual monocotyledonous weeds: Echinochloa crusgalli and Panicum miliaceum. Efficiency of the herbicide ACRIS was at the level of the standard Gardo Gold, and at the maximum application rate (3.0 l/ha) exceeded the standard one. Pre-emergence soil treatment with the herbicide Acris, SE did not have a negative effect on the germination of sunflower. Significant increase of sunflower yield was noted in all regions of trials. The most significant values were observed on varieties Flagman and R 453 in the Krasnodar region (8.7–9.2 and 7.0–7.5 quintal/ha, respectively). The lowest yields of sunflower in untreated control (10.2 and 11.0 quintal/ha) were observed in the Altai region, but the relative increase in yield in variants with the herbicide Acris, SE application was maximum (from 29.1 to 67.6% in relation to yields in untreated control). In the Astrakhan region, application rates of the herbicide Acris, SE of 2.5 and 3.0 l/ha were characterized by statistical significance (increases up to 2.5 and 3.2 quintal/ha, respectively).
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Trots, N., and Aleksei Pakhomov. "ACCUMULATION OF HEAVY METALS BY PULSE CROPS UNDER THE APPLICATION OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES IN THE VOLGA REGION FOREST-STEPPE." Bulletin Samara State Agricultural Academy 5, no. 2 (May 8, 2020): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/37331.
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The aim of study is reduction of accumulation of heavy metals in agrocenosis of pulse crops due to the action of biologically active substances in the conditions of the middle Volga forest. An experiment study in order to reveal the effect of pre-sowing seed treatment with biologically active substances on the accumulation of heavy metals by soils and plants in agrocenoses of peas and soybeans was conducted in 2013-2015. The results of pre – sowing treatment of soybean seeds of the Samer 3 breed and peas of the Flagman 12 with the Rizotorfin and Rizotorfin in combination with analogues – Agrica and Humariz biologically active substance are presented. The analysis of heavy metals content in soil and plant samples was performed in the laboratory of the «Samara agrochemical ser-vice» Station by method of atomic adsorption spectroscopy. It is established that the introduction of biologically ac-tive substances into the soil containing heavy metals can reduce the concentration of their mobile forms and restrict access to grain. The content of mobile forms of elements in the soil under soybean growing areas, in comparison with the control, decreases: lead by 1.14 times when treated with Rhizotorphin+Humariz, cadmium – 1.18 times when treated with Rhizotorphin, copper – 1.2 times and cobalt – 2.0 times under the influence of the combination of Rhizotorphin and Agrica. According to the coefficients of biological absorption of pea and soy grains, the studied heavy metals are referred to the elements of biological capture of CАB<1. An effective inactivating effect on heavy metals is provided by pre-sowing treatment of pea and soy seeds with biologically active substances combined with Rhizotorphin+Agrica and Rhizotorphin+Humariz.
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Skazhennik, Michael, Vitaly Chizhikov, Anna Shevchenko, and Andrey Migachev. "Rice crops research according to remote sensing data (overview)." E3S Web of Conferences 285 (2021): 02038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128502038.
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The introduction of precision farming technologies using hightech equipment will increase the productivity of rice, reduce its cost, and improve the environment. The use of digital technologies in agriculture is especially relevant in the face of rising prices for seeds, fertilizers and fuel, as it helps to significantly reduce costs and increase the profitability of agribusiness. The paper reviews the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) in rice cultivation and describes methods for assessing the state of rice crops. Drones are a more versatile and efficient tool for obtaining data on the state of crops of crops compared to information obtained from satellite images. They allow real-time monitoring of the most important indicators of the state of crops, which allows agricultural producers to make timely decisions. The UAV was used to determine the boundaries of the rice system, terrain, microreliefs of checks, moisture of the surface soil layer and the state of rice crops. The studies were carried out on a test site of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Federal Scientific Rice Centre” with an area of 327 hectares. The main cultivated crop is rice variety Flagman. The survey was performed by a quadcopter with a Mica Sense Red Edge-M multispectral camera mounted on a fixed suspension. The shooting period using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) was limited to early June and additionally used the Sentinel-2A satellite data covering the entire analyzed period (06.05.2019 – 08.29.2019). To assess the state of rice crops, the normalized relative vegetative index NDVI was used. Based on the NDVI distribution and yield information from the combine TUCANO 580 (CLAAS), a statistical analysis was carried out in fields 7 and 9. Testing of the experimental methodology for monitoring crops in 2019 on the basis of remote sensing of test plots and geoinformation modeling and the statistical apparatus should be considered satisfactory.
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Dubina, Elena, Pavel Kostylev, Margarita Ruban, Sergey Lesnyak, Elena Krasnova, and Kirill Azarin. "Rice Breeding in Russia Using Genetic Markers." Plants 9, no. 11 (November 15, 2020): 1580. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9111580.
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The article concentrates on studying tolerance to soil salinization, water flooding, and blast in Russian and Asian rice varieties, as well as hybrids of the second and third generations from their crossing in order to obtain sustainable paddy crops based on domestic varieties using DNA markers. Samples IR 52713-2B-8-2B-1-2, IR 74099-3R-3-3, and NSIC Rc 106 were used as donors of the SalTol tolerance gene. Varieties with the Sub1A locus were used as donors of the flood resistance gene: Br-11, CR-1009, Inbara-3, TDK-1, and Khan Dan. The lines C101-A-51 (Pi-2), C101-Lac (Pi-1, Pi-33), IR-58 (Pi-ta), and Moroberekan (Pi-b) were used to transfer blast resistance genes. Hybridization of the stress-sensitive domestic varieties Novator, Flagman, Virazh, and Boyarin with donor lines of the genes of interest was carried out. As a result of the studies carried out using molecular marking based on PCR in combination with traditional breeding, early-maturing rice lines with genes for resistance to salinity (SalTol) and flooding (Sub1A), suitable for cultivation in southern Russia, were obtained. Introgression and pyramiding of the blast resistance genes Pi-1, Pi-2, Pi-33, Pi-ta, and Pi-b into the genotypes of domestic rice varieties were carried out. DNA marker analysis revealed disease-resistant rice samples carrying 5 target genes in a homozygous state. The created rice varieties that carry the genes for blast resistance (Pentagen, Magnate, Pirouette, Argamac, Kapitan, and Lenaris) were submitted for state variety testing. The introduction of such varieties into production will allow us to avoid epiphytotic development of the disease, preserving the biological productivity of rice and obtaining environmentally friendly agricultural products.
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Maistrenko, Oksana Alekseevna. "Promising breeding lines of grain peas as sources of new varieties." Agrarian Scientific Journal, no. 7 (July 21, 2022): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2022i7pp27-31.
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The studies were carried out in 2016-2020 at experimental field of the Samara Scientific Research Agriculture Institute - a branch of the Samara Federal Research Scienlific Center RAS. The object of research was promising pea lines of selection of the Samara Scientific Research Agriculture Institute. The aim of the study was to evaluate the lines on the yield and quality of seeds, resistance to lodging, adaptability to environmental conditions and to identify the best lines for transfer to state variety testing. Experiments, counts and observations were carried out according to generally accepted methods. The agrotechnology of peas in the experience is the usual accepted in the Samara region. The climatic conditions during the testing of the lines were different. According to the hydrothermal coefficient, the years of research can be estimated as humid (2017), dry (2016, 2018, 2019) and very dry (2020). A strong influence of the conditions of the year on the yield of lines was established. The contribution of meteorological conditions to the variation in grain yield was 80 %. Over the years of testing, the grain yield of the lines was either higher at the level of the “Samarius” standard variety. On average, the yield of the lines ranged from 3.05 to 3.36 t/ha, which is 0.1–00.41 t/ha higher than the standard. By the complex of adaptability indicators (bi, BVG – breeding value of the genotype), the lines Kt6358 and B3737/2-2 were distinguished. Lodging resistance for all lines was high, at the level of 82–89 %, while in the standard it was low, 57 %. The B3737/2-2 line with a protein content of 25.2 %, a seed cooking time of 116 minutes, a cooking property coefficient of 2.5 units and a cooked grains taste of 5 points turned out to be valuable in terms of seed quality. The pedigree of the line included “Flagman 10” and “Fokor” varieties with high quality, resistance to stressful environmental conditions, as well as “Taugo” variety with high seed productivity. Line B3737/2-2 was transferred in 2021 for state variety testing due to the high indicators of important economic characteristics.
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Shabolkina, E. N., N. V. Anisimkina, and O. А. Maistrenko. "The study of biochemical properties of legume flour (peas, soybeans), physical and baking indicators of the dough from mixtures with wheat flour." Grain Economy of Russia, no. 1 (February 25, 2022): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.31367/2079-8725-2022-79-1-65-69.
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High protein content, simplicity and time of cooking are two main advantages with which legumes have gained popularity among the population, however, this culture is used not only in its pure form, but also in the form of additives for baking. Adding pea and soybean flour to composite mixtures affects the behavior of the dough, requires corrections in the baking process, and all these issues can be resolved by farinographic analysis. The purpose of the current study was to determine the biochemical parameters of whole-meal pea and soybean flour, to study the rheological properties of the dough of composite mixtures with grain legume flour and to evaluate the efficiency of mixing pea and soybean flour with premium wheat flour according to the results of baking assessment. There has been identified nutritional value of whole-meal pea and soybean flour, additives exceeding the protein content on 13.2–23.6%, oil content on 1.3–21.2%, sugar content on 3.2–9.3%, which is very important in baking. There has been characterized the influence of the type of ingredients (pea, soybean flour) on the rheological properties of dough using farinographic analysis, when 5% addition of pea flour (the variety ‘Flagman 9’) to composite mixtures did not worsen the physical traits of the dough, 10 and 15% addition reduced dough stability on 1–2 minutes, valorimetric assessment on 4–6 e.u., but water absorption capacity of flour raised on 6% in relation to wheat flour. The addition of whole-meal soybeans (the variety ‘Samer 1’) strengthened and improved the physical the dough parameters, however, the volume of bread reduced because of a decrease in gluten percentage in the mixtures and the prevailing salt-soluble (globulins) and water-soluble (albumin) protein fractions. There has been estimated the efficiency of mixtures of premium wheat flour with wholemeal pea and soybean flour, when the overall baking assessment gave positive results of 4.0–4.6 points; in that case the bread is attractive, of regular shape, with smooth crust without cracks, the crumb color is light yellowish with fine porosity, but a little denser than in control, the smell is pleasant and fragrant.
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Luns, Fábio Dias, Rafaela Carolina Lopes Assis, Laryssa Pinheiro Costa Silva, Carolina Magri Ferraz, Fábio Ribeiro Braga, and Jackson Victor de Araújo. "Coadministration of Nematophagous Fungi for Biological Control over Nematodes in Bovine in the South-Eastern Brazil." BioMed Research International 2018 (March 26, 2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2934674.
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This study compared the coadministration among the three nematode predatory fungi, Duddingtonia flagrans, Monacrosporium thaumasium, and Arthrobotrys robusta, in the biological control of cattle gastrointestinal nematodiasis in comparison with the use of the fungus D. flagrans alone. Five groups consisting of eight Girolando heifers were kept in paddocks of Brachiaria decumbens for six months. Each heifer received 1 g/10 kg of pellets containing the fungi (0.2 g of fungus/10 kg b.w.). Group 1 (G1) received pellets with D. flagrans and M. thaumasium in coadministration, G2 received D. flagrans and A. robusta, G3 received M. thaumasium, A. robusta, and D. flagrans, and G4 received the fungus D. flagrans alone. Group 5 (control) received pellets without fungi. The monthly mean of fecal egg count (FEC) of Groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 were 93.8, 85.3, 82.7, and 96.4% smaller than the mean of control group. The treatments with pellets containing D. flagrans or D. flagrans + M. thaumasium produced significantly better results than the D. flagrans + A. robusta or the combination of the three fungi. The associations which include A. robusta were less efficient in this study than D. flagrans alone or associated with M. thaumasium.
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Zarrin, Majid, Mahmoud Rahdar, Farzad Poormohamadi, and Ali Rezaei-Matehkolaei. "In Vitro Nematophagous Activity of Predatory Fungi on Infective Nematodes Larval Stage of Strongyloidae Family." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 5, no. 3 (June 11, 2017): 281–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2017.064.
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AIM: The main goal of the present research conducted to assess the in vitro activity of the nematophagous fungi Duddingtonia flagrans, Fusarium solani, Verticillium chlamidosporium, and Trichoderma harzianum. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Four isolates of fungi including D. flagrans, F. solani , V. chlamidosporium and T. harzianum were used in this study. Horse faeces were used to provide the larvae stage of Strongyloidae family for the experiments.RESULTS: D. flagrans was the most effective fungus to reduce the population of the larval nematodes. D. flagrans was able to kill 100% of larvae after 14 days of incubation. The significant effect was seen after 7 days of incubation, therefore, the live larvae was decreased to 9, 11, 19 and 25 for D. flagrans, V. chlamidosporium, F. solani and T. harzianum, respectively. CONCLUSION: Our results illustrated that D. flagrans were most successful fungus for reducing the number of Strongylidae family larva stage from horse faeces. Follow D. flagrans, the live larvae was significantly reduced for V. chlamidosporium, F. solani and T. harzianum, respectively.
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Lani-Bayle, Martine. "Flagrant délit d’écriture." Connexions 114, no. 2 (May 3, 2021): 141–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/cnx.114.0141.
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Kolbeck, Ben. "A Flagrant Fabrication?" Historia 71, no. 3 (2022): 337. http://dx.doi.org/10.25162/historia-2022-0012.
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Kulikov, Ivan M., Julia V. Burmenko, Natalya YU Svistunova, Sergey N. Evdokimenko, Fedor F. Sazonov, Tatyana A. Tumaeva, and Sergey N. Konovalov. "Regionally Adapted Model of an Ideal Malus×domestica Borkh Apple Variety for Industrial-Scale Cultivation in European Russia." Agriculture 12, no. 12 (December 10, 2022): 2124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12122124.
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Apple is one of the most common fruit crops in the Russian fruit-growing industry, with huge varietal diversity and a vast cultivation area. The key regions for industrial-scale apple cultivation are the Central, Central Chernozem, and North Caucasian Districts. The main disadvantage of the relevant apple cultivars, especially the ones intended for intensified horticultural practices, is their low resistance against abiotic stresses and the fruit’s low quality and poor marketable condition. In Russia, apple is a crop of strategic importance that is consistently included in the household food basket, so fruit producers hold new varieties to higher standards and expect them to outperform their predecessors in terms of yield per plant, resistance against abiotic and biotic stresses, and quality, as well as show strong competitiveness and a more rapid return on investment, while satisfying stricter requirements. The objective of the present study was to summarize the data on the phenotypic manifestations of economically valuable traits of the apple cultivars approved for use in the Russian Federation depending on the region of cultivation; to determine the parametric characteristics of the most valuable traits in the form of a model of an “ideal” regionally adapted industrial cultivar, and to identify the sources of the traits in the regions suitable for their production. A regionally adapted model of commercial apple cultivars, characterized by 28 features and properties divided into three groups and defining the cultivar’s resistance against abiotic and biotic stresses, yield per plant, product quality, and suitability for mechanized harvesting, is presented in this paper. In the European part of Russia, the optimal parameters of a commercial apple tree cultivar are as follows: plant height on a medium-sized rootstock under 3 m; potential yield per plant of at least 25–50 kg; high fruit uniformity above 80%; winter and late-winter harvest maturity period; high storability of over 210 days and good transportability; average fruit mass from 120 g to 220 g; juicy and shattering crisp pulp; small seed cavity; fragrant fruits with taste rating of at least 4.5 points; appearance rating of 5 points and attractive, mostly red, glossy color with natural wax bloom; regular, symmetric, but diverse shapes; content of sugar above 10%, ascorbic acid above 15 mg/100 g, organic acids up to 1% (for dessert varieties); content of soluble dry solids of at least 20%. The cultivars that come closest to the regionally adapted model of an ideal variety based on the set of features discussed are as follows: Feya, Soyuz, Orfej, Margo, Sirius, Noktyurn, Vasilisa Karmen, Florina, Dayton, Early Mac, Gala and Gala Schniga in the North Caucasian District; Svezhest’, Orlovskoe Poles’e, Aprel’skoe, Ven’yaminovskoe, Bolotovskoe, Vympel, Uspenskoe, Fregat, Bylina, Flagman, and Akademik Kazakov in the North Caucasian District; and varieties Imrus, Mayak Zagor’ya, and Bolotovskoe in the Central District. These cultivars are characterized by high resistance against weather anomalies, scab immunity, high yields, marketable quality, and storability. In addition, in southern regions, a prolonged bloom period acts as a protective adaptive response to low-temperature stress.
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Saumell, C. A., A. S. Fernández, F. Echevarria, I. Gonçalves, L. Iglesias, M. F. Sagües, and E. M. Rodríguez. "Lack of negative effects of the biological control agent Duddingtonia flagrans on soil nematodes and other nematophagous fungi." Journal of Helminthology 90, no. 6 (December 1, 2015): 706–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x1500098x.
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AbstractThe possible environmental effects of the massive use of Duddingtonia flagrans for controlling sheep nematodes were evaluated in two regions. Non-supplemented faeces and faeces from sheep supplemented with D. flagrans were deposited three times on pasture plots and samples were collected 7 and 14 days post-deposition. Samples were cultured in agar-water (2%) with Panagrellus spp. to recover D. flagrans and other nematophagous fungi, and soil nematodes were extracted using Baermann funnels and counted. No significant differences in the populations of soil nematodes and fungi colonizing sheep faeces (P > 0.05) were observed between supplemented and non-supplemented groups, except in one sample. The topsoil in contact with the faeces was sampled 1–4 months post-deposition, revealing that, with one exception, D. flagrans did not persist in soil beyond 2 months post-deposition. Duddingtonia flagrans does not affect faecal colonization by other fungi and soil nematodes and, once deployed on pasture, does not survive for long periods in the environment.
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Silva, Manoel Eduardo, Fabio Ribeiro Braga, Pedro Mendoza de Gives, Jair Millán-Orozco, Miguel Angel Mercado Uriostegui, Liliana Aguilar Marcelino, Filippe Elias de Freitas Soares, et al. "Fungal Antagonism Assessment of Predatory Species and Producers Metabolites and Their Effectiveness onHaemonchus contortusInfective Larvae." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/241582.
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The objective of this study was to assess antagonism of nematophagous fungi and species producers metabolites and their effectiveness onHaemonchus contortusinfective larvae (L3). Assay A assesses the synergistic, additive, or antagonistic effect on the production of spores of fungal isolates of the speciesDuddingtonia flagrans,Clonostachys rosea,Trichoderma esau, andArthrobotrys musiformis; Assay B evaluates in vitro the effect of intercropping of these isolates grown in 2% water-agar (2% WA) on L3ofH. contortus.D. flagrans(Assay A) produced 5.3 × 106spores and associated withT. esau,A. musiformis, orC. roseareduced its production by 60.37, 45.28, and 49.05%, respectively.T. esauproduced 7.9 × 107conidia and associated withD. flagrans,A. musiformis, orC. roseareduced its production by 39.24, 82.27, and 96.96%, respectively.A. musiformisproduced 7.3 × 109spores and associated withD. flagrans,T. esau, orC. roseareduced its production by 99.98, 99.99, and 99.98%, respectively.C. roseaproduced 7.3 × 108conidia and associated withD. flagrans,T. esau, orA. musiformisreduced its production by 95.20, 96.84, and 93.56%, respectively. These results show evidence of antagonism in the production of spores between predators fungi.
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Mei, Xiaoyu, Xin Wang, and Guohong Li. "Pathogenicity and Volatile Nematicidal Metabolites from Duddingtonia flagrans against Meloidogyne incognita." Microorganisms 9, no. 11 (October 31, 2021): 2268. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9112268.
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Plant parasitic nematodes, especially parasitic root-knot nematodes, are one of the most destructive plant pathogens worldwide. The control of plant root-knot nematodes is extremely challenging. Duddingtonia flagrans is a type of nematode-trapping fungi (NTF), which produces three-dimensional adhesive networks to trap nematodes. In this study, the pathogenicity and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of the NTF D. flagrans against the plant root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, were investigated. The predatory process of D. flagrans trapping M. incognita was observed using scanning electron microscopy. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the VOCs from D. flagrans led to the identification of 52 metabolites, of which 11 main compounds were tested individually for their activity against M. incognita. Three compounds, cyclohexanamine, cyclohexanone, and cyclohexanol, were toxic to M. incognita. Furthermore, these three VOCs inhibited egg hatching of M. incognita. Cyclohexanamine showed the highest nematicidal activity, which can cause 97.93% mortality of M. incognita at 8.71 µM within 12 h. The number of hatched juveniles per egg mass after 3 days was just 8.44 when treated with 26.14 µM cyclohexanamine. This study is the first to demonstrate the nematicidal activity of VOCs produced by D. flagrans against M. incognita, which indicates that D. flagrans has the potential to biocontrol plant root-knot nematodes.
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Starostzik, Christine. "Rote Flaggen beim Rückenschmerz." CME 9, no. 7-8 (August 2012): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11298-012-1287-x.
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Vilela, Vinícius Longo Ribeiro, Thais Ferreira Feitosa, Fabio Ribeiro Braga, Antonielson dos Santos, Roberto Alves Bezerra, Gabriela Lucena Longo Silva, Ana Célia Rodrigues Athayde, and Jackson Victor Araújo. "Use of Duddingtonia flagrans in the control of gastrointestinal nematodes of feedlot goats." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 41, no. 3 (April 7, 2020): 915. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n3p915.
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This study aimed to evaluate the use of a sodium alginate matrix-pelletized formulation of Duddingtonia flagrans for biological control of gastrointestinal nematodiasis in feedlot goats in the semiarid region of Northeastern Brazil. We used 20 Saanen female goats (age, 4 months; average weight, 12 kg) that did not receive anthelmintic treatment and had counting of eggs per gram of faeces (EPGs) ? 500. The animals were divided into two groups: in group 1 (D. flagrans group), each animal received 3 g of pellets (0.6 g of D. flagrans mycelium) per 10 kg of body weight, twice a week, over 4 months; and in group 2 (control group), each animal received 3 g of pellets without fungus per 10 kg of body weight, twice a week, over 4 months. Each group was maintained in a separate 15-m2 stall. Larval cultures and measurements of weight, EPG, and packed cell volume (PCV) were performed every 15 days. We observed low EPG levels in the D. flagrans group throughout the experimental period, with a significant difference (p < 0.05) on day 30 and from day 60, having, at the end of the experiment, average OPG values of only 150, reduction of 92.3% when compared to control group. Haemonchus sp. was the most prevalent helminth in all larval cultures. The D. flagrans group showed a mean weight gain of 8.8 kg at the end of the experiment (p < 0.05), while the control group showed a mean weight gain of 4.8 kg. The best PCV results (p < 0.05) were also observed in the D. flagrans group from day 30. Thus, the use of D. flagrans pellets in a sodium alginate matrix was effective in controlling gastrointestinal nematodiasis of feedlot goats in the semiarid region of Northeastern Brazil.
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Grønvold, J., P. Nansen, S. A. Henriksen, M. Larsen, J. Wolstrup, J. Bresciani, H. Rawat, and L. Fribert. "Induction of traps by Ostertagia ostertagi larvae, chlamydospore production and growth rate in the nematode-trapping fungus Duddingtonia flagrans." Journal of Helminthology 70, no. 4 (December 1996): 291–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x00015571.
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AbstractBiological control of parasitic nematodes of domestic animals can be achieved by feeding host animals chlamydospores of the nematode-trapping fungus Duddingtonia flagrans. In the host faeces, D. flagrans develop traps that may catch nematode larvae. In experiments on agar, D. flagrans had a growth rate between 15 and 60 mm/week at temperatures between 20 and 30°C. The presence of nematodes induces the fungus to produce traps. The rate of trap formation in D. flagrans has an optimum at 30°C, producing 700–800 traps/cm2/2 days, when induced by 20 nematodes/cm2 on agar. Approaching 10 and 35°C the ability to produce traps is gradually reduced. The response of chlamydospore production on agar to changes in temperature is the same as that for trap formation. On agar, at 10, 20 and 30°C D. flagrans loses its trap inducibility after 2–3 weeks. During the ageing process, increasing numbers of chlamydospores are produced up to a certain limit. The time for reaching maximum chlamydospore concentration coincided with the time for loss of induction potential. The implications of these results in relation to biological control in faeces are discussed.
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Grønvold, J., J. Wolstrup, P. Nansen, M. Larsen, S. A. Henriksen, H. Bjørn, K. Kirchheiner, K. Lassen, H. Rawat, and H. L. Kristiansen. "Biotic and abiotic factors influencing growth rate and production of traps by the nematode-trapping fungus Duddingtonia flagrans when induced by Cooperia oncophora larvae." Journal of Helminthology 73, no. 2 (February 1999): 129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x99000190.
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A series of experiments on corn meal agar was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of the nematode-trapping fungus Duddingtonia flagrans in different abiotic and biotic conditions which occur in cow pats. Above a concentration of 50 parasitic larvae (L3) cm–2 the fungus produced a maximum of between 500 and 600 nets cm–2 at 20°C in 2 days on the surface of corn meal agar. There were no differences in the trap-producing capacity of three strains of D. flagrans (CIII4, CI3 and Trol A). On agar at 30° and 20°C, the fungus responded to Cooperia oncophora L3 very quickly producing a maximum of trapping nets 1 day after induction. At 10°C, traps were produced slowly starting on day 4 after induction and continued over the following week. Duddingtonia flagrans (CI3) grew at a normal rate at least down to an oxygen concentration of 6 vol.% O2, but it did not grow anaerobically. On agar, D. flagrans (CI3) did not produce trapping nets in an anaerobic atmosphere. Moreover, C. oncophora L3 stopped migration under anaerobic conditions. When the fungal cultures were transferred to a normal aerobic atmosphere, after 1 and 2 weeks under anaerobic conditions, the C. oncophora L3 resumed migrating on the agar and, in response, D. flagrans produced traps in the same amount as when it had not been under anaerobic stress. Under microaerophilic conditions (6 vol.% O2) D. flagrans was able to grow, but the C. oncophora L3 were not able to induce trapping nets in D. flagrans (Trol A) because of larval immobility. But, as under anaerobic conditions, the fungus could return to a nematode-trapping state when transferred to a normal aerobic atmosphere within 1 or 2 weeks if migrating nematodes were present. Under natural conditions in the cow pat it is expected that the fungus will be ready to attack parasitic larvae, when the oxygen tension increases as a result of, for example the activity of the coprophilic fauna. Artificial light giving 3000–3400 Lux on the surface of the agar significantly depressed the growth rate and the production of trapping nets in D. flagrans (CI3). On agar, D. flagrans (CI3) could grow and produce trapping nets at pH levels of 6.3 to 9.3. Net-production has its optimum between pH 7 and 8. On dry faeces mycelial growth was 7–10 mm during a 15 day period while on moist faeces the fungus expanded 15–20 mm during the same period. Based on the parameters investigated, D. flagrans is expected to be especially active in the well aerated surface layer of a cow pat, an area which normally contains a high concentration of infective nematode parasite larvae, but also an area where the temperature can be high and the water content low.
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Braga, Fabio Ribeiro, Jackson Victor de Araújo, Filippe Elias de Freitas Soares, Juliana Milani Araujo, Sebastião Rodrigo Ferreira, Alexandre de Oliveira Tavela, Wendeo Ferreira da Silveira, and José Humberto de Queiroz. "Proteolytic action of the crude extract ofDuddingtonia flagrans on cyathostomins (Nematoda: Cyathostominae) in coprocultures." Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária 22, no. 1 (March 2013): 143–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612013000100026.
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The objective of this study was to examine the action of the crude extract of Duddingtonia flagrans (isolates AC001 and CG722) on infective larvae (L3) of cyathostomins in coprocultures and to confirm its proteolytic activity by means of a zymogram. The following groups were formed in coprocultures: Group 1: 10 mL of crude extract of D. flagrans (AC001); group 2: 10 mL of crude extract of AC001 with 10 mM of Ca2+; group 3: 10 mL of crude extract of D. flagrans (CG722); group 4: 10 mL of crude extract of CG722 with 10 mM of Ca2+; and group 5: control group (distilled water). The third-stage larvae (L3) were obtained after eight days. The crude extract of D. flagrans was effective in reducing the number of L3, with the following percentage reductions: group 1, 49.5%; group 2, 52.5%; group 3, 36.8%; and group 4, 57.7%; in relation to the control group (p > 0.05). The proteolytic activity of the crude extract was confirmed through the zymogram. The results from this study confirmed that the crude extract of the fungusD. flagrans could be used for controlling cyathostomin L3, and suggested that at least one protease of approximately 38 kDa was present.
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Spurny, K. R. "Smoluchowski award: 1990 recipient Prof. Dr. Richard C. Flagan." Journal of Aerosol Science 21 (January 1990): S3—S4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-8502(90)90174-v.
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Kazantsev, S. V. "Two new species of the net-winged beetle genus Flagrax from the Albertine Rift Mountains, Central Africa (Coleoptera: Lycidae)." Zoosystematica Rossica 26, no. 1 (June 23, 2017): 154–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31610/zsr/2017.26.1.154.
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Two new species of net-winged beetles, Flagrax ziminae sp. nov. and F. vanschuytbroecki sp. nov., are described from the Albertine Rift (Rwanda and eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo). General view and aedeagi of these new species and of F. grandis (Kleine, 1942) as well as the aedeagus of F. auberti (Bourgeois, 1881) are illustrated. A key to the Flagrax species with uniformly testaceous elytra is provided.
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Fernandes, Fernanda Mara, Jackson Victor Araújo, Fabio Ribeiro Braga, Pedro Henrique Gazzinelli-Guimarães, Juliana Milani Araujo, Sebastião Rodrigo Ferreira, Rogério Oliva Carvalho, Ingrid Ney Kramer de Mello, and Ricardo Toshio Fujiwara. "In vitro biological control of infective larvae of Ancylostoma ceylanicum." Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária 21, no. 3 (September 2012): 283–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612012000300018.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the predatory activity of the fungus Duddingtonia flagrans (AC001) on infective larvae of Ancylostoma ceylanicum after gastrointestinal transit in hamsters. Twenty animals were used in the experiment, divided into two groups: a treated group (10 animals) and a control group (10 animals). In the group treated with D. flagrans, each animal received mycelium from the AC001 isolate, at an oral dose of 5 mg/25 g of live weight. To evaluate the predatory activity of the fungus, fecal samples were collected from the animals in both groups, at the times of 6, 8, 12, 24 and 36 hours after the treatment. Then, subsamples of 2 g of feces were placed in Petri dishes containing 2% water-agar (2% WA) culture medium and 1000 L3 of A. ceylanicum. Over the study period, the following percentage reductions were observed: 43.2% (6 hours), 30.8% (8 hours), 25.8% (12 hours), 30% (24 hours) and 11% (36 hours). The fungus D. flagrans presented predatory activity on the L3 of A. ceylanicum, after passing through the hamsters' gastrointestinal tract. It was therefore concluded that the fungus D. flagrans may be an alternative for biological control of the L3 of A. ceylanicum.
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Mazur, Paweł. "Uwagi o odpowiedzialności dyscyplinarnej sędziów za rażącą i oczywistą obrazę prawa w polskim systemie prawnym." ETHICS IN PROGRESS 8, no. 2 (September 26, 2018): 97–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/eip.2017.2.8.
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The paper deals with the disciplinary responsibility of judges for obvious and flagrant legal misconduct. A model of the aforementioned responsibility in the Polish law has been presented. The problems deliberated upon include: the moral justification of punishing judges for mentioned disciplinary delicts and critical evaluation of Supreme Court view about this responsibility. A question is asked about reconsidering the interpretation of obvious and flagrant legal misconduct according to modern times and the complicated social and law reality.
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Fernández Mondéjar, E., and Hugo Ceraso. "A flagrant case of scientific fraud." Medicina Intensiva (English Edition) 35, no. 6 (August 2011): 323–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.medine.2011.05.003.
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Popovic, Ivana. "Bronze flagon from Pontes with an inscription from the 29th Psalm of David." Starinar, no. 65 (2015): 121–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sta1565121p.
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During the campaign which took place in 1983 at the site of Pontes - Trajan?s Bridge near Kostol, in the layer between a house from the second half of the 9th century and a house from the 11th century, a treasury consisting of medieval iron tools placed around, or inserted into, a bronze flagon was discovered in a shallow pit. The whole find was named Treasury B. At first, the flagon itself was dated into the period between the 6th and the 8th centuries, however, we have recently dated it into the 6th-7th century. The inscription on the neck of the vessel is a paraphrase of the 3rd verse from the 29th Psalm of David. This is proof that the flagon was a liturgical vessel. In this text we are trying to show that this flagon was analogous to the specimen from the treasury from Vrap in Albania, whose deposition during the third part of the 7th century is connected with the activity of Bulgarian Khan Kuber. The Byzantine vessel was a part of treasure plundered from the Avars, and the production of this flagon, just as of that one from Pontes, can be dated into the period between the 6th century and the first half or the middle of the 7th century.
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MORGAN, M., J. M. BEHNKE, J. A. LUCAS, and J. F. PEBERDY. "In vitro assessment of the influence of nutrition, temperature and larval density on trapping of the infective larvae of Heligmosomoides polygyrus by Arthrobotrys oligospora, Duddingtonia flagrans and Monacrosporium megalosporum." Parasitology 115, no. 3 (September 1997): 303–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182097001297.
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The influence of nutrient level, temperature and larval density on the trapping of Heligmosomoides polygyrus L3 by the nematophagous fungi Arthrobotrys oligospora, Duddingtonia flagrans and Monacrosporium megalosporum were investigated by quantification of trapped nematodes. All 3 factors were found to have a significant effect on the number of larvae trapped by A. oligospora and M. megalosporum. Decreased nutrient concentrations resulted in increased trapping for these 2 fungi, but nutrient availability was not found to have a significant effect on trapping by D. flagrans. The 3 fungi were found to have similar responses to temperature, with peak trapping occurring at or near the optimum growth temperatures. Nematode trapping was found to be density dependent for all 3 fungi, with increased percentage trapping at increased larval densities. Comparison in a single experiment of the relative importance of these factors to each fungus showed that nutrient level was the main factor influencing trapping by A. oligospora, whereas D. flagrans and M. megalosporum were more dependent on larval density.
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Grønvold, J., J. Wolstrup, M. Larsen, S. A. Henriksen, and P. Nansen. "Biological control of Ostertagia ostertagi by feeding selected nematode-trapping fungi to calves." Journal of Helminthology 67, no. 1 (March 1993): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x00012827.
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AbstractThree nematode-trapping fungi, one Arthrobotrys oligospora and two Duddingtonia flagrans isolates, were fed to Ostertagia ostertagi-infected calves to test their ability to destroy larvae of this parasite in faeces and consequently to reduce the transmission of infective larvae to herbage. The fungi had previously been selected for their capability to pass the alimentary tract of cattle without losing growth and nematode-trapping potentials. Dung was collected from three calves each fed one of the three fungi and placed as 1-kg cow pats on a parasite-free grass plot together with control cow pats from a calf that was not given fungi. The cow pats contained comparable concentrations of parasite eggs. The two D. flagrans isolates were highly effective in that they reduced herbage larval infectivity by 74–85%. In contrast, A. oligospora did not show any effect in the present experiment. Field experiments will demonstrate if D. flagrans represents a potential organism for biological control of bovine gastrointestinal nematodes under practical agricultural management conditions.
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Braga, Fabio Ribeiro, Juliana Milani Araujo, Alexandre de Oliveira Tavela, Jackson Victor de Araújo, Filippe Elias de Freitas Soares, Hugo Leonardo André Geniêr, Walter dos Santos Lima, Lanuze Rose Mozzer, and José Humberto de Queiroz. "Atividade larvicida do extrato bruto enzimático do fungo Duddingtonia flagras sobre larvas de primeiro estádio de Angiostrongylus vasorum." Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 44, no. 3 (June 2011): 383–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0037-86822011000300024.
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INTRODUÇÃO: Angiostrongylus vasorum é um nematóide que parasita cães domésticos e eventualmente o homem. MÉTODOS: O objetivo deste trabalho foi observar a atividade predatória in vitro do extrato bruto enzimático do fungo Duddingtonia flagrans sobre larvas de primeiro estádio A. vasorum em condições laboratoriais no meio ágar-água 2%. RESULTADOS: Ao final do experimento, os percentuais de redução das L1 de A. vasorum observados foram de: 53,5% (24h) e 71,3% (48h) CONCLUSÕES: O extrato bruto enzimático do fungo D. flagrans destruiu in vitro as L1, podendo ser utilizado como controle biológico desse nematóide.
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Mendes, Luanderson Queiroz, Carolina Magri Ferraz, Carolina Motta Perim, Jackson Victor Araújo, Emanueli Simonassi Ferrari, Jossiara Abrante Rodrigues, Julia Roza Luz, et al. "Asociación in vitro de Duddingtonia flagrans con ivermectina en el control de nematodos gastrointestinales de búfalos." Revista MVZ Córdoba 27, no. 3 (September 1, 2022): e2398. http://dx.doi.org/10.21897/rmvz.2398.
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Objetivo. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la asociación in vitro del hongo Duddingtonia flagrans (AC001) e ivermectina en el control de nematodos gastrointestinales de terneros búfalo. Materiales y métodos. Se formaron cuatro grupos experimentales en microtubos, con cinco réplicas para cada grupo: G1 (nematodos + AC001), G2 (nematodos + ivermectina 1%), G3 (nematodos + AC001 + ivermectina 1%) y G4 (nematodos + agua destilada). Para cada grupo, después de 36 horas de interacción se leyó el contenido de los microtubos mediante microscopía óptica, contabilizando el número de nematodos por grupo. Resultados. Hubo una reducción larvaria significativa de los grupos tratados, con los siguientes porcentajes con relación al G4 (control): G1: 43,7%; G2: 82,3% y G3: 65,7%. También se observó que la asociación in vitro de D. flagrans con ivermectina fue más efectiva en la reducción de L3 en comparación con el uso aislado de este hongo. Conclusiones. Se concluyó que el uso conjunto de D. flagrans con ivermectina puede potenciar la eficacia del control biológico de los nematodos gastrointestinales de los búfalos, previendo su uso en las condiciones naturales de la cría de búfalos.
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Е.А., Симаков,, Митюшкин, А.В., Журавлев, А.А., Митюшкин, А.В., Гайзатулин, А.С., Салюков, С.С., Овечкин, С.В., and Семенов, В.А. "Selection of competitive potato varieties for various purposes." Kartofel` i ovoshi, no. 1 (January 9, 2023): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.25630/pav.2023.49.99.005.
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Цель работы – определить приоритетные направления современного развития селекции для повышения эффективности производства картофеля на основе использования отечественных сортов нового поколения. Анализ эффективности использования сортимента картофеля показывает, что в 2021 году из 460 сортов картофеля, включенных в Госреестр РФ, в производстве зафиксировано всего лишь 220, или 47,8%. Причем среди 20 сортов-лидеров только два российских сорта, составляющие 10,1% от общего объема сертифицированного семенного картофеля, использованного на товарных посадках. В целом за последние десять лет доля отечественных сортов в общем объеме семенного картофеля снизилась на 30,5%, а зарубежных возросла на 28,7%. Для преодоления зависимости от импорта зарубежного семенного материала, удовлетворения возросших требований к потребительским и столовым качествам клубней, структуре целевого использования урожая предложены новые перспективные сорта, полностью соответствующие запросам рынка картофеля. В условиях современной интенсификации картофелеводства ускорение внедрения новых высокопродуктивных сортов с комплексом потребительских и кулинарных качеств – решающий фактор увеличения валового урожая и снижения затрат на его производство. Учитывая возросшие требования к потребительским и кулинарным качествам клубней отечественных сортов и структуре целевого использования урожая, в ФГБНУ «ФИЦ картофеля имени А.Г. Лорха» успешно реализованы программы по целенаправленной селекции новой группы перспективных сортов картофеля. Для розничной сетевой торговли пригодны следующие столовые сорта: Гулливер, Метеор, Крепыш, Спринтер (ранние); Ариэль, Гранд, Краса Мещеры, Садон, Флагман (для длительного хранения). Для здорового (диетического) питания подходят сорта: Синеглазка 2016, Василек, Фиолетовый и Сюрприз, а для переработки на картофелепродукты – Дебют, Евпатий, Варяг (хрустящий картофель); Восторг, Фаворит, Фрителла, Экстра (картофель фри); Артур, Салют, Сигнал, Фобос (сухое пюре). Сорта Ноктюрн, Кумач, Пламя и Утро, сочетающие высокую урожайность с достаточно высокой крахмалистостью клубней, рекомендуются для производства крахмала. The purpose of the work is to determine the priority directions of modern development of breeding to increase the efficiency of potato production based on the use of domestic varieties of a new generation. An analysis of the effectiveness of the use of potato assortment shows that in 2021, out of 460 potato varieties included in the State Register of the Russian Federation, only 220, or 47.8%, were recorded in production. Moreover, among the 20 leading varieties there are only two Russian varieties that make up 10.1% of the total volume of certified seed potatoes used in commercial plantings. In general, over the past ten years, the share of domestic varieties in the total volume of seed potatoes has decreased by 30.5%, while foreign varieties have increased by 28.7%. In order to overcome the dependence on the import of foreign seed material, to meet the increased requirements for the consumer and table qualities of tubers, the structure of the intended use of the crop, new promising varieties are proposed that fully meet the needs of the potato market. In the conditions of modern intensification of potato growing, the acceleration of the introduction of new highly productive varieties with a complex of consumer and culinary qualities is a decisive factor in increasing the gross yield and reducing the cost of its production. Taking into account the increased requirements for the consumer and culinary qualities of tubers of domestic varieties and the structure of the intended use of the crop, programs for targeted breeding of a new group of promising potato varieties have been successfully implemented at the Russian Potato Research Centre. Table varieties Gulliver, Meteor, Sturdy, Sprinter (early); Ariel», Grand, Krasa Meshchery, Sadon, Flagman (for long-term storage) are suitable for retail network trade. For healthy (dietary) nutrition, the varieties Sineglazka 2016, Vasilek, Fioletovyi and Syurpriz are suitable, and for processing into potato products – Debyut, Evpatii, Varyag (crispy potatoes); Vostorg, Favorit, Fritella, Ekstra (French fries); Artur, Salyut, Signal, Fobos (dry puree). Varieties Noktyurn, Kumach, Plamya and Utro, combining high yields with sufficiently high starchiness of tubers, are recommended for starch production.
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Farrell, Liam. "The flagon… with the dragon." BMJ 331, no. 7521 (October 13, 2005): 913.2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.331.7521.913-a.
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Flores-Crespo, J., D. Herrera-Rodríguez, P. Mendoza de Gives, E. Liébano-Hernández, V. M. Vázquez-Prats, and M. E. López-Arellano. "The predatory capability of three nematophagous fungi in the control of Haemonchus contortus infective larvae in ovine faeces." Journal of Helminthology 77, no. 4 (December 2003): 297–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/joh2003197.
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AbstractThe effect of oral administration of three different nematode-trapping fungi, in aqueous suspension containing either Dactylaria sp. or Arthrobotrys oligospora conidia or Duddingtonia flagrans chlamydospores, on the number of Haemonchus contortus infective larvae in sheep faeces, was evaluated. The three selected species of fungi produce three-dimensional adhesive nets in the presence of nematodes. Sixteen Creole sheep were divided into four groups of four animals each. Groups 1 and 2 were orally drenched with a suspension containing 2×107 conidia of either A. oligospora or Dactylaria sp. Group 3, received a similar treatment, with D. flagrans chlamydospores, instead of conidia, being administered, at the same dose. Group 4 acted as control, without any fungi. Faecal samples were collected directly from the rectum of each sheep and faecal cultures were prepared and incubated at 15 and 21 days. Larvae were recovered from faecal cultures and counted. The highest reduction of the nematode population occurred in the D. flagrans group, reaching reductions of 96.3% and 91.4% in individual samplings in plates incubated for 15 and 21 days, respectively. Arthrobotrys oligospora showed moderate reductions in the faecal larval population, ranging between 25–64% at 15 days incubation. In general, Dactylaria sp., was less efficient in its trapping ability. Despite the inconsistent results with Dactylaria sp., reduction percentages of 73.4% and 80.7% were recorded in individual samplings during the first and second days, in plates incubated for 15 days. Duddingtonia flagrans, was shown to be a potential biological control agent of H. contortus infective larvae.
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Brkić, Snežana. "Procedural effects of flagrancy." Glasnik Advokatske komore Vojvodine 75, no. 9-10 (2003): 251–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/gakv0308251b.
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The work deals with the notion of flagrancy and its procedural effects. Previously applicable capital punishment and handing over the perpetrators to the court of lynch have stepped back in modern societies in order to make space for repressive competences of state authorities. Those competences entail the right to deprivation of liberty, retention, detention and special speeded up procedural forms applicable to flagrant acts. The work focuses on merely one of those special forms - the one that is proposed to be implemented into our law and which is related to perpetrators of flagrant acts who have been deprived from liberty.
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Sánchez-Romero, María Antonia, and Josep Casadesús. "Single Cell Analysis of Bistable Expression of Pathogenicity Island 1 and the Flagellar Regulon in Salmonella enterica." Microorganisms 9, no. 2 (January 20, 2021): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9020210.
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Bistable expression of the Salmonella enterica pathogenicity island 1 (SPI-1) and the flagellar network (Flag) has been described previously. In this study, simultaneous monitoring of OFF and ON states in SPI-1 and in the flagellar regulon reveals independent switching, with concomitant formation of four subpopulations: SPI-1OFF FlagOFF, SPI-1OFF FlagON, SPI-1ON FlagOFF, and SPI-1ON FlagON. Invasion assays upon cell sorting show that none of the four subpopulations is highly invasive, thus raising the possibility that FlagOFF cells might contribute to optimal invasion as previously proposed for SPI-1OFF cells. Time lapse microscopy observation indicates that expression of the flagellar regulon contributes to the growth impairment previously described in SPI-1ON cells. As a consequence, growth resumption in SPI-1ON FlagON cells requires switching to both SPI-1OFF and FlagOFF states.