Relevant bibliographies by topics / Fixed-time control

Academic literature on the topic 'Fixed-time control'

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Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Fixed-time control"

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Muralidharan, Ajith, Ramtin Pedarsani, and Pravin Varaiya. "Analysis of fixed-time control." Transportation Research Part B: Methodological 73 (March 2015): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trb.2014.12.002.

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HAYASHI, Takuya, and Hisakazu NAKAMURA. "Fixed-time Control Using Locally Semiconcave Control Lyapunov Function." Transactions of the Society of Instrument and Control Engineers 57, no. 11 (2021): 478–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.9746/sicetr.57.478.

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Li, Huijie, and Yuanli Cai. "On SFTSM control with fixed-time convergence." IET Control Theory & Applications 11, no. 6 (April 14, 2017): 766–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-cta.2016.1457.

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Wang, Huanqing, Hanxue Yue, Siwen Liu, and Tieshan Li. "Adaptive fixed-time control for Lorenz systems." Nonlinear Dynamics 102, no. 4 (November 14, 2020): 2617–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11071-020-06061-z.

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Mercado-Uribe, Angel, and Jaime A. Moreno. "Fixed-Time Homogeneous Integral Controller." IFAC-PapersOnLine 51, no. 25 (2018): 377–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2018.11.136.

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Moulay, Emmanuel, Vincent Léchappé, Emmanuel Bernuau, Michael Defoort, and Franck Plestan. "Fixed-time sliding mode control with mismatched disturbances." Automatica 136 (February 2022): 110009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.automatica.2021.110009.

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Wang, Zeng, Yuxin Su, and Liyin Zhang. "Fixed-time attitude tracking control for rigid spacecraft." IET Control Theory & Applications 14, no. 5 (March 26, 2020): 790–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-cta.2019.0623.

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Lopez, Anthony, Wenlong Jin, and Mohammad Abdullah Al Faruque. "Security analysis for fixed-time traffic control systems." Transportation Research Part B: Methodological 139 (September 2020): 473–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trb.2020.07.002.

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Liu, Xinggui, and Xiaofeng Liao. "Fixed-time stabilization control for port-Hamiltonian systems." Nonlinear Dynamics 96, no. 2 (April 2019): 1497–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11071-019-04867-0.

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Zou, An-Min, Krishna Dev Kumar, and Anton H. J. de Ruiter. "Fixed-time attitude tracking control for rigid spacecraft." Automatica 113 (March 2020): 108792. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.automatica.2019.108792.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fixed-time control"

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Lopez, Ramirez Francisco. "Control and estimation in finite-time and in fixed-time via implicit Lyapunov functions." Thesis, Lille 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1I063/document.

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Dans ce travail, on montre des nouveaux résultats pour l’analyse et la synthèse des systèmes stables en temps fini et fixe. Ce genre des systèmes convergent exactement à un point d’équilibre dans une quantité du temps qui est fini et, dans le cas de systèmes stables en temps fixe, dans un temps maximal constant qui ne dépend pas des conditions initiales du système.Les chapitres 2 et 3 portent sur des résultats d’analyse ; ce premier present des conditions nécessaires et suffisants pour la stabilité en temps fixe des systèmes autonomes continues tandis que ce dernier combine l’approche de la fonction implicite de Lyapunov avec des résultats de stabilisation ISS pour étudier la robustesse de ce genre de systèmes.Les chapitres 4 et 5 présentent des résultats pratiques liés á la procédure de synthèse des contrôleurs et des observateurs. Le chapitre 4 emploie la méthode de la fonction de Lyapunov implicite afin d’obtenir des observateurs convergents en temps fini et fixe pour les systèmes linéaires MIMO. Le chapitre 5 utilise des propriétés d’homogénéité et des fonctions de Lyapunov implicites pour synthétiser un contrôleur de sortie en temps fixe pour une chaîne d’intégrateurs. Les résultats obtenus ont été validés par des simulations numériques et le chapitre 4 contient des tests de performance sur un pendule rotatif
This work presents new results on analysis and synthesis of finite-time and fixed-time stable systems, a type of dynamical systems where exact convergence to an equilibrium point is guaranteed in a finite amount of time. In the case of fixed-time stable system, this is moreover achieved with an upper bound on the settling-time that does not depend on the system’s initial condition.Chapters 2 and 3 focus on theoretical contributions; the former presents necessary and sufficient conditions for fixed-time stability of continuous autonomous systems whereas the latter introduces a framework that gathers ISS Lyapunov functions, finite-time and fixed-time stability analysis and the implicit Lyapunov function approach in order to study and determine the robustness of this type of systems.Chapters 4 and 5 deal with more practical aspects, more precisely, the synthesis of finite-time and fixed-time controllers and observers. In Chapter 4, finite-time and fixed-time convergent observers are designed for linear MIMO systems using the implicit approach. In Chapter 5, homogeneity properties and the implicit approach are used to design a fixed-time output controller for the chain of integrators. The results obtained were verified by numerical simulations and Chapter 4 includes performance tests on a rotary pendulum
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Laliotis, Dimitrios. "Financial time series prediction and stochastic control of trading decisions in the fixed income markets." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243831.

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Chow, Chee-Seng. "Multigrid algorithms and complexity results for discrete-time stochastic control and related fixed-point problems." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/14254.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1990.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 159-162).
by Chee-Seng Chow.
Ph.D.
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Abdel-Jalil, Awab. "Stimulus Control Effects of Changes in Schedules of Reinforcement." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2020. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1707360/.

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Sometimes, changes in consequences are accompanied by a clear stimulus change explicitly arranged by the experimenter. Other times when new consequences are in effect, there is little or no accompanying stimulus change explicitly arranged by the experimenter. These differences can be seen in the laboratory as multiple (signaled) schedules and mixed (unsignaled) schedules. The current study used college students and a single-subject design to examine the effects of introducing signaled and unsignaled schedules, and the transitions between them. In one phase, a card was flipped from purple to white every time the schedule was switched from VR-3 to FT-10. In another phase, the schedule still changed periodically, but the card always remained on the purple side. Results showed that the participants' responding was controlled by the schedule of reinforcement, by the color of the card, or both. These results suggest that changes in patterns of reinforcement lead to changes in stimulus control. In addition, the stimulus control for a behavior can come from several different sources. During teaching, it may facilitate the development of stimulus control to change the environment when a new behavior is required.
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Völker, Marten [Verfasser]. "Linear Robust Control of a Nonlinear and Time-varying Process : A Two-step Approach to the Multi-objective Synthesis of Fixed-order Controllers / Marten Völker." Aachen : Shaker, 2007. http://d-nb.info/1164339648/34.

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Anggraeni, Pipit. "Consensus décentralisé de type meneur/suiveur pour une flotte de robots coopératifs soumis à des contraintes temporelles." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019VALE0012/document.

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Un groupe de robots collaboratifs peut gérer des tâches qui sont difficiles, voire impossibles, à accomplir par un seul. On appelle un ensemble de robots coopérant un système multi-agents (SMA). L'interaction entre agents est un facteur clé dans la commande coopérative qui pose d'importants défis théoriques et pratiques. L'une des tâches du contrôle coopératif est le consensus dont l'objectif est de concevoir des protocoles de commande afin de parvenir à un accord entre leurs états respectifs. Cette thèse améliore la navigation pour les SMA, tout en tenant compte de certaines contraintes pratiques (modèle du robot et contraintes temporelles) dans la conception de contrôleurs coopératifs pour chaque agent, de manière décentralisée. Dans cette thèse, deux directions sont étudiées. D'une part, le taux de convergence est une spécification de performance importante pour la conception du contrôleur pour un système dynamique. La convergence rapide est toujours recherchée pour améliorer les performances et la robustesse. La plupart des algorithmes de consensus existants se concentrent sur la convergence asymptotique, où le temps d'établissement est infini. Cependant, de nombreuses applications nécessitent une convergence rapide généralement caractérisée par une stratégie de commande à temps fini. De plus, la commande à temps fini autorise certaines propriétés intéressantes, mais le temps de stabilisation dépend des conditions initiales des agents. L'objectif ici est de concevoir un protocole de consensus leader-follower à temps fixe pour les SMA décrits en temps continu. Ce problème est étudié en utilisant la théorie de la stabilisation à temps fixe, qui garantit que le temps de stabilisation est borné quelles que soient les conditions initiales. Les contrôleurs et les observateurs à modes glissants sont conçus pour que chaque agent résolve le problème du consensus à temps fixe lorsque le leader est dynamique. D'autre part, par rapport aux systèmes à temps continu, le problème du consensus dans un cadre à temps discret convient mieux aux applications pratiques en raison de la limitation des ressources de calcul pour chaque agent. Le modèle de commande prédictive (MPC) permet de gérer les contraintes de commande et d'état des systèmes. Dans cette thèse, cette méthode est appliquée pour traiter le problème du consensus en temps discret en laissant chaque agent résoudre, à chaque étape, un problème de commande optimale contraint impliquant uniquement l'état des agents voisins. Les performances de suivi sont également améliorées dans cette thèse en ajoutant de nouveaux termes à partir du MPC classique. Les contrôleurs proposés sont simulés et implémentés sur un groupe composé de plusieurs robots réels en utilisant ROS (Robotic Operating System). Dans cette thèse, quelques solutions correspondant au problème de la connexion entre plusieurs robots mobiles de manière décentralisée, du réglage des périodes d'échantillonnage et des paramètres de contrôle sont également abordées
Nowadays, robots have become increasingly important to investigate hazardous and dangerous environments. A group of collaborating robots can often deal with tasks that are difficult, or even impossible, to be accomplished by a single robot. Multiple robots working in a cooperative manner is called as a Multi-Agent System (MAS). The interaction between agents to achieve a global task is a key in cooperative control. Cooperative control of MASs poses significant theoretical and practical challenges. One of the fundamental topics in cooperative control is the consensus where the objective is to design control protocols between agents to achieve a state agreement. This thesis improves the navigation scheme for MASs, while taking into account some practical constraints (robot model and temporal constraints) in the design of cooperative controllers for each agent, in a fully decentralized way. In this thesis, two directions are investigated. On one hand, the convergence rate is an important performance specification to design the controller for a dynamical system. As an important performance measure for the coordination control of MASs, fast convergence is always pursued to achieve better performance and robustness. Most of the existing consensus algorithms focus on asymptotic convergence, where the settling time is infinite. However, many applications require a high speed convergence generally characterized by a finite-time control strategy. Moreover, finite-time control allows some advantageous properties but the settling time depend on the initial states of agents. The objective here is to design a fixed-time leader-follower consensus protocol for MASs described in continuous-time. This problem is studied using the powerful theory of fixed-time stabilization, which guarantee that the settling time is upper bounded regardless to the initial conditions. Sliding mode controllers and sliding mode observers are designed for each agent to solve the fixed-time consensus tracking problem when the leader is dynamic. On the other hand, compared with continuous-time systems, consensus problem in a discrete-time framework is more suitable for practical applications due to the limitation of computational resources for each agent. Model Predictive Control (MPC) has the ability to handle control and state constraints for discrete-time systems. In this thesis, this method is applied to deal with the consensus problem in discrete-time by letting each agent to solve, at each step, a constrained optimal control problem involving only the state of neighboring agents. The tracking performances are also improved in this thesis by adding new terms in the classical MPC technique. The proposed controllers will be simulated and implemented on a team of multiple Mini-Lab Enova Robots using ROS (Robotic Operating System) which is an operating system for mobile robots. ROS provides not only standard operating system services but also high-level functionalities. In this thesis, some solutions corresponding to problem of connection between multiple mobile robots in a decentralized way for a wireless robotic network, of tuning of the sampling periods and control parameters are also discussed
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Hakala, Tim. "Settling-Time Improvements in Positioning Machines Subject to Nonlinear Friction Using Adaptive Impulse Control." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2006. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/1061.

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A new method of adaptive impulse control is developed to precisely and quickly control the position of machine components subject to friction. Friction dominates the forces affecting fine positioning dynamics. Friction can depend on payload, velocity, step size, path, initial position, temperature, and other variables. Control problems such as steady-state error and limit cycles often arise when applying conventional control techniques to the position control problem. Studies in the last few decades have shown that impulsive control can produce repeatable displacements as small as ten nanometers without limit cycles or steady-state error in machines subject to dry sliding friction. These displacements are achieved through the application of short duration, high intensity pulses. The relationship between pulse duration and displacement is seldom a simple function. The most dependable practical methods for control are self-tuning; they learn from online experience by adapting an internal control parameter until precise position control is achieved. To date, the best known adaptive pulse control methods adapt a single control parameter. While effective, the single parameter methods suffer from sub-optimal settling times and poor parameter convergence. To improve performance while maintaining the capacity for ultimate precision, a new control method referred to as Adaptive Impulse Control (AIC) has been developed. To better fit the nonlinear relationship between pulses and displacements, AIC adaptively tunes a set of parameters. Each parameter affects a different range of displacements. Online updates depend on the residual control error following each pulse, an estimate of pulse sensitivity, and a learning gain. After an update is calculated, it is distributed among the parameters that were used to calculate the most recent pulse. As the stored relationship converges to the actual relationship of the machine, pulses become more accurate and fewer pulses are needed to reach each desired destination. When fewer pulses are needed, settling time improves and efficiency increases. AIC is experimentally compared to conventional PID control and other adaptive pulse control methods on a rotary system with a position measurement resolution of 16000 encoder counts per revolution of the load wheel. The friction in the test system is nonlinear and irregular with a position dependent break-away torque that varies by a factor of more than 1.8 to 1. AIC is shown to improve settling times by as much as a factor of two when compared to other adaptive pulse control methods while maintaining precise control tolerances.
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Chu, Xing. "Commande distribuée, en poursuite, d'un système multi-robots non holonomes en formation." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ECLI0035/document.

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L’objectif principal de cette thèse est d’étudier le problème du contrôle de suivi distribué pour les systèmes de formation de multi-robots à contrainte non holonomique. Ce contrôle vise à entrainer une équipe de robots mobile de type monocycle pour former une configuration de formation désirée avec son centroïde se déplaçant avec une autre trajectoire de référence dynamique et pouvant être spécifié par le leader virtuel ou humain. Le problème du contrôle de suivi a été résolu au cours de cette thèse en développant divers contrôleurs distribués pratiques avec la considération d’un taux de convergence plus rapide, une précision de contrôle plus élevée, une robustesse plus forte, une estimation du temps de convergence explicite et indépendante et moins de coût de communication et de consommation d’énergie. Dans la première partie de la thèse nous étudions d’abord au niveau du chapitre 2 la stabilité à temps fini pour les systèmes de formation de multi-robots. Une nouvelle classe de contrôleur à temps fini est proposée dans le chapitre 3, également appelé contrôleur à temps fixe. Nous étudions les systèmes dynamiques de suivi de formation de multi-robots non holonomiques dans le chapitre 4. Dans la deuxième partie, nous étudions d'abord le mécanisme de communication et de contrôle déclenché par l'événement sur les systèmes de suivi de la formation de multi-robots non-holonomes au chapitre 5. De plus, afin de développer un schéma d'implémentation numérique, nous proposons une autre classe de contrôleurs périodiques déclenchés par un événement basé sur un observateur à temps fixe dans le chapitre 6
The main aim of this thesis is to study the distributed tracking control problem for the multi-robot formation systems with nonholonomic constraint, of which the control objective it to drive a team of unicycle-type mobile robots to form one desired formation configuration with its centroid moving along with another dynamic reference trajectory, which can be specified by the virtual leader or human. We consider several problems in this point, ranging from finite-time stability andfixed-time stability, event-triggered communication and control mechanism, kinematics and dynamics, continuous-time systems and hybrid systems. The tracking control problem has been solved in this thesis via developing diverse practical distributed controller with the consideration of faster convergence rate, higher control accuracy, stronger robustness, explicit and independent convergence time estimate, less communication cost and energy consumption.In the first part of the thesis, we first study the finite-time stability for the multi-robot formation systems in Chapter 2. To improve the pior results, a novel class of finite-time controller is further proposed in Chapter 3, which is also called fixed-time controller. The dynamics of nonholonomic multi-robot formation systems is considered in Chapter 4. In the second part, we first investigate the event-triggered communication and control mechanism on the nonholonomic multi-robot formation tracking systems in Chapter 5. Moreover, in order to develop a digital implement scheme, we propose another class of periodic event-triggered controller based on fixed-time observer in Chapter 6
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OTSUBO, Shigeru, and Yumeka HIRANO. "Poverty-Growth-Inequality Triangle under Globalization: Time Dimensions and the Control Factors of the Impacts of Integration." 名古屋大学大学院国際開発研究科, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/16949.

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Peyre, Thierry. "Evaluation de performances sur le standard IEEE802.16e WiMAX." Phd thesis, Université d'Avignon, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00796477.

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Les dernières décennies ont connu l'apogée des transmissions hertziennes, et celles à venir connaîtront incontestablement le développement et le déploiement intense de systèmes de communications sans-fil. Dès à présent, il est possible de communiquer par onde sur petite et très petite distance (LAN et PAN). Les populations se sont familiariséesavec les interfaces bluetooth (IEEE802.15) présentes dans la majorité des objetscommuniquant (ordinateur portable, téléphone, PDA, etc...). Les foyers s'équipentmaintenant facilement et à bas prix d'interfaceWi-Fi (IEEE802.11), afin de profiter d'uneutilisation nomade de leur accès internet. Ainsi, la forte croissance dumarché des offresinternet combinée avec celle du marché des téléphones mobiles ont habitués un large spectre d'utilisateurs à communiquer sans fil. Ce contexte sociologique et financier encourage donc l'arrivée de solutions nouvelles répondant à des besoins latents. Parmi ceux-là, le marché met en évidence le manque de système de communication sur moyenne distance (MAN). Les réseaux ad-hoc peuvent répondre à ce genre de besoin. Mais àce jour, les performances sont trop faibles pour les besoins des utilisateurs et elles dépendenttrop fortement de la densité desmachines nomades. Aussi, le consortiumIEEEcherche au travers de sa norme IEEE802.16 à fournir un système complet de communicationsans-fil sur moyenne distance (MAN). Appelé aussiWiMAX, ce système se basesur une architecture composée d'une station de base (BS) et de nombreux mobiles utilisateurs(SS). Le standard IEEE802.16 définit les caractéristiques de la couche physiqueet de la couche MAC. Il décrit l'ensemble des interactions et événements pouvant avoirlieu entre la station de base et les stations mobiles. Enfin, le standard fournit différents paramètres et variables servant aux mécanismes de communication. Comme tout nouveau standard émergeant, la norme IEEE802.16 ne profite pas d'un état de l'art aussi développé que celui du IEEE802.11 par exemple. Aussi, de nombreuses études et idées sont à développer.En premier lieu, nous effectuons un large rappel de la norme WiMAX et en particulier le IEEE802.16e. Associé à cela, nous dressons un état de l'art des travaux traitant des aspects et perspectives liés au sujet de notre étude.Par la suite, nous proposons un modèle novateur de performance des communicationsIEEE802.16e. Au travers de ce modèle, nous développons une étude générale et exhaustive des principaux paramètres de communication. L'étude explicite l'impact deces paramètres ainsi que l'influence de leur évolutions possibles. De cela, nous critiquonsla pertinence de chacun d'eux en proposant des alternatives de configurations.5En sus, nous proposons un mécanisme novateur favorisant le respect de qualité de service(QoS) sur couche AC.Nous développons un principe original d'établissement de connexion favorisant l'accès aux communications sensibles aux délais de transmission.Dans une dernière partie, nous déterminons la capacité d'un système IEEE802.16 à gérer les arrivées et départs des utilisateurs. Tout en y associant une étude de performance d'un nouvel algorithme de contrôle d'admission. Cet algorithme d'admission vise à remplir des objectifs multiples : empêcher les famines de ressources sur les trafics les moins prioritaires, favoriser l'admission des utilisateurs en maintenant une gestion optimale de la ressource radio. Notre étude aboutit à une modélisation et une critique des variations de paramètre associés à ce nouvel algorithme. Nous y intégrons par la suite le principe de mobilité où les utilisateurs ont la capacité de se mouvoir au sein d'une cellule. Cette intégration se fait en y associant des mécanismes originaux afin d'assurer la pérennité du service aux utilisateurs mobiles.
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Books on the topic "Fixed-time control"

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Zuo, Zongyu, Qing-Long Han, and Boda Ning. Fixed-Time Cooperative Control of Multi-Agent Systems. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20279-8.

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Michailidis, Michail G., Kimon P. Valavanis, and Matthew J. Rutherford. Nonlinear Control of Fixed-Wing UAVs with Time-Varying and Unstructured Uncertainties. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40716-2.

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Han, Qing-Long, Zongyu Zuo, and Boda Ning. Fixed-Time Cooperative Control of Multi-Agent Systems. Springer International Publishing AG, 2020.

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Han, Qing-Long, Zongyu Zuo, and Boda Ning. Fixed-Time Cooperative Control of Multi-Agent Systems. Springer, 2019.

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Global Practices on Road Traffic Signal Control: Fixed-Time Control at Isolated Intersections. Elsevier, 2019.

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Nakamura, Hideki, Manfred Boltze, Keshuang Tang, and Zong Tian. Global Practices on Road Traffic Signal Control: Fixed-Time Control at Isolated Intersections. Elsevier, 2019.

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Valavanis, Kimon P., Michail G. Michailidis, and Matthew J. Rutherford. Nonlinear Control of Fixed-Wing UAVs with Time-Varying and Unstructured Uncertainties. Springer, 2020.

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Valavanis, Kimon P., Michail G. Michailidis, and Matthew J. Rutherford. Nonlinear Control of Fixed-Wing UAVs with Time-Varying and Unstructured Uncertainties. Springer International Publishing AG, 2021.

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Smith, Lisa Wynne, Laurence Totelin, Iona McCleery, Elaine Leong, Lisa Wynne Smith, Jonathan Reinarz, Todd Meyers, and Claudia Stein, eds. A Cultural History of Medicine in the Enlightenment. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781474206037.

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The Enlightenment, as concept and time period, was haunted by ambiguities about the relationships between mind and body, humans and the natural world, and reason and imagination. The 18th century was inherently contradictory, particularly when it came to ideas about medicine and the body. The growing optimism that medicine and science could control nature and disease was counterbalanced by the hierarchies of gender, race and class being fixed on the body. Enlightenment ideals emphasized rationalism and expertise, but they existed alongside religious belief and everyday authority. Focusing on Western Europe, this volume examines disability and suffering, emotional and physical sensations, supernatural phenomena and scepticism, medical authority and expertise, biologization and power, and bodily and environmental regulation. Volume contributors have used a range of cultural history methodologies – from material history to discourse analysis – to examine the Enlightenment’s tensions. The book’s chapters centre on topics (Environment, Food, Disease, Animals, Objects, Experiences, Mind/Brain and Authority) that have encouraged contributors to reframe their assumptions about the history of medicine and the Enlightenment.
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Story, Joanna. Lands and Lights in Early Medieval Rome. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198777601.003.0025.

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This chapter analyses the text and epigraphy of two monumental inscriptions in Rome; both are important sources of information on landholding in early medieval Italy, and both shed light on the development of the Patrimony of St Peter and the evolving power of the popes as de facto rulers of Rome and its environs in the seventh and eighth centuries. Pope Gregory the Great (d. 604) commissioned the earlier of the two inscriptions for the basilica of St Paul, where it still survives (MEC I, XII.1). The inscription preserves the full text of a letter from Gregory to Felix, rector of the Appian patrimony (Ep. XIV.14). It ordered Felix to transfer the large estate (massa) of Aquae Salviae, with all its farms (fundi) as well as other nearby properties, from the patrimony into the direct control of the basilica of St Paul in order to fund the provision of its lighting; it was one of the last letters that Gregory wrote. The patron of the second inscription was Gregory’s eighth-century namesake and successor, Pope Gregory II (715–31), indignus servus (MEC I, XIV.1). This one is fixed in the portico of the basilica of St Peter, where it stands alongside another eighth-century inscription, namely, the epitaph of Pope Hadrian I that was commissioned by Charlemagne after Hadrian’s death in 795. Gregory II’s inscription also records a donation in Patrimonio Appiae, this time to provide oil for the lights of St Peter’s. This chapter investigates the form, content, and historical context of the production and display of these two inscriptions, analysing parallels and differences between them. It considers what they reveal about estate organization and the development of the territorial power of the papacy in this formative period, as well as the role of Gregory the Great as an exemplar for the early eighth-century popes.
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Book chapters on the topic "Fixed-time control"

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Hull, David G. "Fixed Final Time Guidance." In Optimal Control Theory for Applications, 199–220. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4180-3_12.

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Hull, David G. "Fixed Final Time: Second Differential." In Optimal Control Theory for Applications, 173–98. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4180-3_11.

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Hull, David G. "Fixed Final Time: First Differential." In Optimal Control Theory for Applications, 140–65. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4180-3_9.

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Li, Dongyu, Shuzhi Sam Ge, and Tong Heng Lee. "Fixed-Time-Synchronized Control with Settling Time Estimation." In Time-Synchronized Control: Analysis and Design, 133–63. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3089-7_6.

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Zuo, Zongyu, Qing-Long Han, and Boda Ning. "Fixed-Time Stability and Stabilization." In Fixed-Time Cooperative Control of Multi-Agent Systems, 17–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20279-8_2.

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Hull, David G. "Fixed Final Time: Tests for a Minimum." In Optimal Control Theory for Applications, 166–72. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4180-3_10.

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Li, Dongyu, Shuzhi Sam Ge, and Tong Heng Lee. "Fixed-Time-Synchronized Control with Singularity Avoidance." In Time-Synchronized Control: Analysis and Design, 101–31. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3089-7_5.

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Liu, Bojun, Mingshan Hou, and Wencong Wang. "Nonsingular Fixed-Time Integrated Guidance and Control." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 3113–23. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8155-7_260.

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Sankaranarayanan, Sriram, Henny B. Sipma, and Zohar Manna. "Fixed Point Iteration for Computing the Time Elapse Operator." In Hybrid Systems: Computation and Control, 537–51. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11730637_40.

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Guo, Ge, Zhenyu Gao, and Pengfei Zhang. "Command-Filtered Fixed-Time Tracking Control of AMVs." In Stabilization, Tracking and Formation Control of Autonomous Marine Vessels, 109–33. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8109-7_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Fixed-time control"

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Yuan, Li, Chuanjiang Li, Boyan Jiang, and Guangfu Ma. "Fixed-time spacecraft attitude stabilization using homogeneous method." In 2016 UKACC 11th International Conference on Control (CONTROL). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/control.2016.7737656.

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Alsuwaidan, Mohammad, and Miroslav Krstic. "Fixed-Time Inflection Point Seeking." In 2022 American Control Conference (ACC). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/acc53348.2022.9867648.

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Alturbeh, Hamid, and James F. Whidborne. "Real-time obstacle collision avoidance for fixed wing aircraft using B-splines." In 2014 UKACC International Conference on Control (CONTROL). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/control.2014.6915125.

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Liu, Yang, Hong Yue, and Wei Wang. "Fixed-Time Stabilization of Second-Order Systems with Unknown Nonlinear Inherent Dynamics." In 2018 UKACC 12th International Conference on Control (CONTROL). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/control.2018.8516778.

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Keel, L. H., and S. P. Bhattacharyya. "Fixed order multivariable discrete-time control." In 2009 Joint 48th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC) and 28th Chinese Control Conference (CCC). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cdc.2009.5399726.

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Liu, Xiwei, Wenlian Lu, and Tianping Chen. "Finite-time and fixed-time stability and synchronization." In 2016 35th Chinese Control Conference (CCC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/chicc.2016.7554624.

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Poveda, Jorge I., and Miroslav Krstic. "Fixed-Time Gradient-Based Extremum Seeking." In 2020 American Control Conference (ACC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/acc45564.2020.9148026.

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Lee, Junsoo, and Wassim M. Haddad. "Fixed Time Stability of Discrete-Time Stochastic Dynamical Systems." In 2023 American Control Conference (ACC). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/acc55779.2023.10156569.

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Mutoh, Yasuhiko, and Tomohiro Hara. "Stability of the observer-based pole placement for discrete time-varying non-lexicographically-fixed systems." In 2012 UKACC International Conference on Control (CONTROL). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/control.2012.6334635.

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Jian, Wang, Qiu Feng, and Cheng Xiao-ming. "The optimal guidance method for fixed-time and fixed-point orbit injecting." In 2016 Chinese Control and Decision Conference (CCDC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccdc.2016.7531740.

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Reports on the topic "Fixed-time control"

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Morales, Leonardo Fabio, and Eleonora Dávalos. Diffusion of crime control benefits: Forced eradication and coca crops in Colombia. Banco de la República Colombia, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/dtseru.314.

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One explanation for the increasing number of hectares with coca cultivation is that eradication strategies displace coca crops but fail to completely clear affected areas. In the drug policy literature, that dynamic shifting is commonly known as the balloon effect. This study integrates georeferenced agricultural data through spatially explicit econometric models to test the hypothesis that forced eradication displace coca crops. Using annual data for 1,116 contiguous municipalities in Colombia between 2001 and 2015, we estimate a spatial Durbin model with municipal and time fixed effects. Our results suggest that, on average, aerial fumigation in a municipality diffuses the benefits of this crime control strategy to neighboring municipalities.
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Bonilla-Mejía, Leonardo, Mauricio Villamizar-Villegas, and María Alejandra Ruiz-Sánchez. The Leading Role of Bank Supply Shocks. Banco de la República de Colombia, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/be.1205.

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This paper studies the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on corporate credit in Colombia. We first exploit the geographic and temporal variation in the disease spread to estimate the effect of local exposure to the virus on credit. Our estimates indicate that neither local exposure to the virus, nor the sector-specific mobility restrictions had an impact on credit. We then assess the role of bank supply shocks. We create a measure of bank exposure, reflecting the geographic heterogeneity in pandemic vulnerability and deposits, and estimate its effect on credit. Results indicate that bank-supply shocks account for a credit contraction of approximately 5.2%. To further disentangle the role of bank supply shock, we control for the interaction between firm and time fixed-effects and restrict the sample to municipalities that were relatively spared from the pandemic, finding similar results. Most of the bank supply effects are driven by firms that are small, young, and have relatively low liquidity.
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Willson. L51709 Development-Test Electronic Gas Admission for Large Bore Engines. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), August 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010114.

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The pipeline industry uses over 8,000 large bore engines in gas transmission/compression service". These engines are typically gas fueled and spark ignited. Some early versions of the engines are piston scavenged, but most are turbocharged. Some models, especially those equipped for lean burn operation, utilize pre-combustion chambers for enhanced ignition. Typically, the gaseous fuel is admitted directly into the top of the engine combustion chamber by a cam-operated, mechanical gas admission valve (MGAV). The MGAV is operated by an engine driven cam, cam follower, push rod, and rocker assembly. Such mechanisms offer little in the way of adjustability of the gas admission event: the ability to change the start of gas admission (SOA) and end of gas admission (EOA). The gas admission system is generally optimized for a particular mode of engine operation, typically rated speed and full load, and is fixed in that state. Desired changes in the gas admission cycle are not easily accomplished. At the same time, however, undesired changes commonly occur due to wear, failure, and mis-adjustment of the MGAV drive train. This report documents the development of a natural gas-fueled large-bore engine test bed (LBET) at Colorado State University and the subsequent test of an electronic gas admissions valve (EGAV) with in-cylinder pressure feedback. The LBET is now a state-of-the-art natural gas-fueled test facility. It will be open for use in late 1994 or early 1995 to all parties interested in testing equipment that might lead to safer, more economical and cleaner burning gas fueled engines. The EGAV tests were successful. The valve allows for precise control of fuel admission and end of admission timing. This results in the engine running in a real-time balance condition. Laboratory tests showed a 30% reduction of hydrocarbons and nitrous oxides reductions with a 2% reduction in fuel consumption. Field testing will continue in 1995 prior to commercialization.
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Kyllönen, Katriina, Karri Saarnio, Ulla Makkonen, and Heidi Hellén. Verification of the validity of air quality measurements related to the Directive 2004/107/EC in 2019-2020 (DIRME2019). Finnish Meteorological Institute, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35614/isbn.9789523361256.

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This project summarizes the results from 2000–2020and evaluates the trueness andthequality control (QC) procedures of the ongoing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)and trace element measurements in Finlandrelating to Air Quality (AQ) Directive 2004/107/EC. The evaluation was focused on benzo(a)pyrene and other PAH compounds as well as arsenic, cadmium and nickel in PM10and deposition. Additionally, it included lead and other metals in PM10and deposition, gaseous mercury and mercury deposition, andbriefly other specificAQ measurements such as volatile organic compounds (VOC)and PM2.5chemical composition. This project was conducted by the National Reference Laboratory on air quality and thiswas the first time these measurements were assessed. A major part of the project was field and laboratory audits of the ongoing PAH and metal measurements. Other measurements were briefly evaluated through interviews and available literature. In addition, the national AQ database, the expertise of local measurement networks and related publications were utilised. In total, all theseven measurement networks performing PAH and metal measurements in 2019–2020took part in the audits. Eleven stations were audited while these measurements are performed at 22 AQ stations in Finland. For the large networks, one station was chosen to represent the performance of the network. The audits included also six laboratories performing the analysis of the collected samples. The audits revealed the compliance of the measurements with the AQ Decree 113/2017, Directive 2004/107/EC and Standards of the European Committee for Standardization(CEN). In addition, general information of the measurements, instruments and quality control procedures were gained. The results of the laboratory audits were confidential,but this report includes general findings, and the measurement networks were informed on the audit results with the permission of the participating laboratories. As a conclusion, the measurementmethodsusedwere mainly reference methods. Currently, all sampling methods were reference methods; however, before 2018 three networks used other methods that may have underestimated concentrations. Regarding these measurements, it should be noted the results are notcomparable with the reference method. Laboratory methods were reference methods excluding two cases, where the first was considered an acceptable equivalent method. For the other, a change to a reference method was strongly recommended and this realized in 2020. For some new measurements, the ongoing QC procedures were not yet fully established, and advice were given. Some networks used consultant for calibration and maintenance, and thus theywere not fully aware of the QC procedures. EN Standards were mostly followed. Main concerns were related to the checks of flow and calculation of measurement uncertainty, and suggestions for improvement were given. When the measurement networks implement the recommendations given inthe audits, it can be concluded that the EN Standards are adequately followed in the networks. In the ongoing sampling, clear factors risking the trueness of the result were not found. This applies also for the laboratory analyses in 2020. One network had concentrations above the target value, and theindicative measurementsshould be updated to fixed measurements.
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Schling, Maja, Roberto Guerrero Compeán, Nicolás Pazos, Allison Bailey, Katie Arkema, and Mary Ruckelshaus. The Economic Impact of Sargassum: Evidence from the Mexican Coast. Inter-American Development Bank, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004470.

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This paper assesses the local economic impact of pelagic Sargassum seaweed washed ashore in tourism-heavy coastal zones in the Mexican State of Quintana Roo. The study relies on a carefully designed Geographic Information Systems (GIS) dataset of monthly observations from 2016 to 2019 for 157 beach segments. The dataset comprises an innovate measure of Sargassum seaweed presence, remotely sensed nighttime light intensity as a proxy of economic growth, as well as information on key infrastructure, sociodemographic and beach characteristics. We apply a fixed-effects regression model that controls for general time trends and unobserved, time-invariant differences across observations. We estimate that the presence of Sargassum in a beach segment reduces nighttime light intensity by 17.5%, representing an approximate 11.6% decrease in gross local product. Considering that impacts of Sargassum on local economic activity may be delayed due to reputational effects, our analysis finds that significant lagged effects can be detected up until 12 months after Sargassum was detected on the shoreline. These effect sizes range between a 5.9 and a 9.9% reduction in gross local product. Various robustness checks, including an adjusted measurement of Sargassum and the consideration of potential spatial correlation across beach segments, indicate that estimated impacts are consistently significant and negative across numerous specifications. For one of most tourism-dependent regions in the world, the recurrent influx is one of the most threatening manifestations of climate change. Our research is the first to robustly quantify the economic impact of Sargassum, and highlights the extent to which economic activity is negatively affected by the accumulation of seaweed and how these effects persist over time. The next important step is for both public and private sectors to invest in forecasting systems and containment strategies as well as engage in cleanup efforts to mitigate severe accumulations, inducing economic resilience in coastal communities.
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Weissinger, Rebecca. Trends in water quality at Bryce Canyon National Park, water years 2006–2021. Edited by Alice Wondrak Biel. National Park Service, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2294946.

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The National Park Service collects water-quality samples on a rotating basis at three fixed water-quality stations in Bryce Canyon National Park (NP): Sheep Creek, Yellow Creek, and Mossy Cave Spring. Data collection began at Sheep Creek and Yellow Creek in November 2005 and at Mossy Cave in July 2008. Data on in-situ parameters, fecal-coliform samples, major ions, and nutrients are collected monthly, while trace elements are sampled quarterly. This report analyzes data from the beginning of the period of record for each station through water year 2021 to test for trends over time. Concentrations are also compared to relevant water-quality standards for the State of Utah. Overall, water quality at the park’s monitoring stations continues to be excellent, and park managers have been successful in their goal of maintaining these systems in unimpaired condition. Infrequent but continued Escherichia coli exceedances from trespass livestock at Sheep and Yellow creeks support the need for regular fence maintenance along the park boundary. High-quality conditions may qualify all three sites as Category 1 waters, the highest level of anti-degradation protection provided by the State of Utah. Minimum and maximum air temperatures at the park have increased, while precipitation remains highly variable. Increasing air temperatures have led to increasing water temperatures in Sheep and Yellow creeks. Sheep Creek also had a decrease in flow across several quantiles from 2006 to 2021, while higher flows decreased at Yellow Creek in the same period. Surface flows in these two creeks are likely to be increasingly affected by higher evapotranspiration due to warming air temperatures and possibly decreasing snowmelt runoff as the climate changes. The influx of ancient groundwater in both creek drainages helps sustain base flows at the sites. Mossy Cave Spring, which is sampled close to the spring emergence point, showed less of a climate signal than Sheep and Yellow creeks. In our record, the spring shows a modest increase in discharge, including higher flows at higher air temperatures. An uptick in visitation to Water Canyon and the Mossy Cave Trail has so far not been reflected by changes in water quality. There are additional statistical trends in water-quality parameters at all three sites. However, most of these trends are quite small and are likely ecologically negligible. Some statistical trends may be the result of instrument changes and improvements in quality assurance and quality control over time in both the field sampling effort and the laboratory analyses. Long-term monitoring of water-quality stations at Bryce Canyon NP suggests relatively stable aquatic systems that benefit from protection within the park. To maintain these unimpaired conditions into the future, park managers could consider: Regular fence checks and maintenance along active grazing allotments at the park boundary to protect riparian areas and aquatic systems from trespass livestock. Developing a springs-monitoring program to track changes in springflow at spring emergences to better understand bedrock-aquifer water supplies. These data would also help quantify springflow for use in water-rights hearings. Supporting hydrogeologic investigations to map the extent and flow paths of groundwater aquifers. Working with the State of Utah to develop groundwater-protection zones to protect groundwater aquifers from developments that would affect springs in the park. Prioritizing watershed management with proactive fire risk-reduction practices. Explicitly including watershed protection as a goal in plans for fire management and suppression. Using additional data and analyses to better understand the drivers of trends in water quality and their ecological significance. These could include higher-frequency data to better understand relationships between groundwater, precipitation, and surface flows at the sites. These could also include watershed metrics...
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