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Mitchell, John T., Nathan A. Kimbrel, Natalie E. Hundt, Amanda R. Cobb, Rosemery O. Nelson‐Gray, and Christopher M. Lootens. "An analysis of reinforcement sensitivity theory and the five‐factor model." European Journal of Personality 21, no. 7 (November 2007): 869–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.644.
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Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (RST) and the Five‐Factor Model (FFM) are two prominent personality accounts that have emerged from different backgrounds. Although the two accounts are applied to similar research topics, there is limited empirical work examining the correspondence between them. The current study explored the relationship between RST‐based personality traits and the FFM domains and facets in an undergraduate sample (n = 668). Regression analyses indicated that Sensitivity to Punishment (SP) was positively associated with Neuroticism and Agreeableness, and negatively associated with Extraversion, Openness, and Conscientiousness. In contrast, Sensitivity to Reward (SR) was positively associated with Extraversion and Neuroticism, and negatively associated with Agreeableness and Conscientiousness. Exploratory analyses at the facet level specified the relationship between SP, SR, and each domain. A factor analysis was also conducted to explore the higher‐order factor structure of RST and the FFM domains. Three factors emerged, which we labelled SP, Stability‐Impulsivity, and Sensation Seeking. Taken together, these findings suggest that there is substantial overlap between these two accounts of personality. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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van Zyl, C. J. J. "The five factor model and infidelity: Beyond the broad domains." Personality and Individual Differences 172 (April 2021): 110553. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2020.110553.
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Mellor, David J., Ngaio J. Beausoleil, Katherine E. Littlewood, Andrew N. McLean, Paul D. McGreevy, Bidda Jones, and Cristina Wilkins. "The 2020 Five Domains Model: Including Human–Animal Interactions in Assessments of Animal Welfare." Animals 10, no. 10 (October 14, 2020): 1870. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10101870.
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Throughout its 25-year history, the Five Domains Model for animal welfare assessment has been regularly updated to include at each stage the latest authenticated developments in animal welfare science thinking. The domains of the most up-to-date Model described here are: 1 Nutrition, 2 Physical Environment, 3 Health, 4 Behavioural Interactions and 5 Mental State. The first four domains focus attention on factors that give rise to specific negative or positive subjective experiences (affects), which contribute to the animal’s mental state, as evaluated in Domain 5. More specifically, the first three domains focus mainly on factors that disturb or disrupt particular features of the body’s internal stability. Each disturbed or disrupted feature generates sensory inputs which are processed by the brain to form specific negative affects, and these affects are associated with behaviours that act to restore the body’s internal stability. As each such behaviour is essential for the survival of the animal, the affects associated with them are collectively referred to as “survival-critical affects”. In contrast, Domain 4, now named Behavioural Interactions, focusses on evidence of animals consciously seeking specific goals when interacting behaviourally with (1) the environment, (2) other non-human animals and (3) as a new feature of the Model outlined here, humans. The associated affects, evaluated via Domain 5, are mainly generated by brain processing of sensory inputs elicited by external stimuli. The success of the animals’ behavioural attempts to achieve their chosen goals is reflected in whether the associated affects are negative or positive. Collectively referred to as “situation-related affects”, these outcomes are understood to contribute to animals’ perceptions of their external circumstances. These observations reveal a key distinction between the way survival-critical and situation-related affects influence animals’ aligned behaviours. The former mainly reflect compelling motivations to engage in genetically embedded behavioural responses, whereas the latter mainly involve conscious behavioural choices which are the hallmarks of agency. Finally, numerous examples of human–animal interactions and their attendant affects are described, and the qualitative grading of interactions that generate negative or positive affect is also illustrated.
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Qin, Libo, Fuxuan Wei, Minheng Ni, Yue Zhang, Wanxiang Che, Yangming Li, and Ting Liu. "Multi-domain Spoken Language Understanding Using Domain- and Task-aware Parameterization." ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing 21, no. 4 (July 31, 2022): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3502198.
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Spoken language understanding (SLU) has been addressed as a supervised learning problem, where a set of training data is available for each domain. However, annotating data for a new domain can be both financially costly and non-scalable. One existing approach solves the problem by conducting multi-domain learning where parameters are shared for joint training across domains, which is domain-agnostic and task-agnostic . In the article, we propose to improve the parameterization of this method by using domain-specific and task-specific model parameters for fine-grained knowledge representation and transfer. Experiments on five domains show that our model is more effective for multi-domain SLU and obtain the best results. In addition, we show its transferability when adapting to a new domain with little data, outperforming the prior best model by 12.4%. Finally, we explore the strong pre-trained model in our framework and find that the contributions from our framework do not fully overlap with contextualized word representations (RoBERTa).
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Gillespie, R. J. "Electron densities and the VSEPR model of molecular geometry." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 70, no. 3 (March 1, 1992): 742–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v92-099.
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This paper reviews the present status of the VSEPR model of molecular geometry in relation to electron densities. The discussion is based on the electron pair domain version of this model. The fundamental postulates of the model are summarized and illustrated by a discussion of the structures of some molecules with five and seven electron pair domains in the valence shell, including the recently discovered ions XeF5− and XeOF6−. The total electron density does not provide any obvious support for the model and although electron density deformation maps do provide some support they are not always reliable. The Laplacian of the electron density, however, shows the presence of valence shell charge concentrations that correspond closely in number and properties to the electron pair domains of the VSEPR model. This correspondence between electron pair domains and valence shell charge concentrations provides a physical basis for a better understanding of the VSEPR model. Keywords: VSEPR model, electron densities, molecular geometry, Laplacian of the electron density, electron pair domain.
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Murphy, Lisa, Eimer Cadogan, and Samantha Dockray. "The Consideration of Future Consequences: Evidence for Domain Specificity Across Five Life Domains." Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 46, no. 5 (September 13, 2019): 663–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167219873478.
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The consideration of future consequences (CFC) is a cognitive-motivational construct describing the extent to which individuals consider the future outcomes of behavior during decision-making. The current research examined the extent to which CFC may be a domain-specific, as opposed to global, temporal construct. Across three surveys, adults ( n = 498; 66.9% female; 41.2% students) completed the 14-item general CFC scale, five newly adapted domain-specific CFC scales, and self-report measures of behavior in five substantive domains (work, health, the environment, money, and college). Confirmatory factor analyses replicated the two-factor model in the CFC-14, supporting the distinction between CFC-Future and CFC-Immediate in domain-specific CFC-14 scales. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that domain-specific, and not the general, CFC subscales were most strongly associated with the relevant domain-specific behavior and revealed differential patterns of association between domain-specific CFC subscales and behaviors in particular domains. The applied implications for behavioral interventions are discussed.
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Pellequer, Jean-Luc, Andrew Gale, Elizabeth Getzoff, and John Griffin. "Three-dimensional Model of Coagulation Factor Va Bound to Activated Protein C." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 84, no. 11 (2000): 849–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1614127.
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SummaryA complete molecular model of blood coagulation factor Va (FVa) bound to anticoagulant activated protein C (APC) and to a phospholipid membrane was constructed. The three homologous A domains and the two homologous C domains of FVA were modeled based on the X-ray crystallographic structures of ceruloplasmin and C2 domain of factor V, respectively. The final arrangement of the five domains in the complete FVa model bound to a membrane incorporated extensive published experimental data. FVa binds the phospholipid membrane through its C2 domain while the A-domain trimer is located from 40 through 100 Å above the membrane plane. From our model we infer a probable role for metal ions at the interface between FVa light and heavy chains, provide an explanation for the slower APC cleavage at Arg306 relative to Arg506, and predict specific interactions between positively and negatively charged exosites in APC and FVa, respectively.
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Woodyatt, Jessica J., Daniel N. Allen, Grace Goodwin, Nina Paul, Christine Salva, and Gregory Strauss. "A-172 Evaluating Associations Between the Five Negative Symptom Domains and Cognition in Schizophrenia." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 37, no. 6 (August 17, 2022): 1328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acac060.172.
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Abstract Objective: Recently, factor analysis has supported a five-factor model of negative symptoms in schizophrenia (anhedonia, avolition, alogia, asociality, and blunted affect). Associations between these unique negative symptom domains and neurocognition are yet to be examined. The following study investigates relationships between the five distinct negative symptoms and cognitive functioning. Methods: Outpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia (n=245) were assessed during periods of clinical stability for negative symptom severity using the Brief Negative Symptom Scale (BNSS). The MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) was used to assess seven domains of neurocognition, including processing speed, working memory, verbal learning, visual learning, reasoning, problem solving, and social cognition. To evaluate external correlates, the five-domain negative symptoms were correlated with measures of neurocognition. Results: Greater negative associations were found between the five negative symptom domains with processing speed, attention, working memory, social cognition, and overall MCCB scores. Correlational analyses demonstrated the strongest negative relationships between the domain of attention with alogia and blunted affect. Conclusions: The present study examined unique associations between cognitive abilities and the five negative symptom domains. Strong negative associations were found between negative symptoms and distinct measures of neurocognition, indicating a unique variance in cognitive performance correlates with severity of negative symptoms. Results suggest greater severity of negative symptoms is associated with greater impairments in select neurocognitive domains. Further research using analytic approaches would offer additional support for this hypothesis. Findings have implications for developing differential treatments targeting the five negative symptom domains separately, as they may have distinct underlying pathophysiological and neurocognitive mechanisms.
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Harvey, Andrea M., Ngaio J. Beausoleil, Daniel Ramp, and David J. Mellor. "Mental Experiences in Wild Animals: Scientifically Validating Measurable Welfare Indicators in Free-Roaming Horses." Animals 13, no. 9 (April 28, 2023): 1507. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13091507.
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The mental experiences of animals are what characterises their welfare status. The Five Domains Model for assessing welfare aligns with the understanding that physical and mental states are linked. Following measurement of indicators within each of the four physical/functional Domains (1. Nutrition; 2. Physical environment; 3. Health; and 4. Behavioural interactions), the anticipated negative or positive affective consequences (mental experiences) are cautiously inferred and assigned to Domain 5. Those inferences derive credibility from validated knowledge of the underlying systems of physiology, neurophysiology, neuroethology and affective neuroscience. Any indicators used for assessing welfare need to be scientifically validated. This requires, firstly, evidence of the links between a measurable/observable indicator and the physical/functional impact (in Domains 1 to 4), and secondly, a demonstrable relationship between the physical/functional impact and the mental experience it is inferred the indicators reflect (in Domain five). This review refers to indicators of physical/functional states in Domains 1 to 4, which have been shown to be measurable in free-roaming wild horses, and then evaluates the scientific evidence linking them to inferred mental experiences in Domain 5. This is the first time that the scientific evidence validating a comprehensive range of welfare indicators has been synthesised in this way. Inserting these indicators into the Five Domains Model enables transparently justifiable assessment and grading of welfare status in free-roaming horses.
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Winaryati, Eny, Suyata Suyata, and Sumarno Sumarno. "MODEL EVALUASI DALAM SUPERVISI PEMBELAJARAN IPA BERBASIS LIMA DOMAIN SAINS." Jurnal Penelitian dan Evaluasi Pendidikan 17, no. 2 (December 15, 2013): 241–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/pep.v17i2.1698.
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Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: 1) mengembangkan model evaluasi diri dan teman sejawat (EDTS) dalam supervisi pembelajaran IPA berbasis lima domain sains (5 DS); 2) mengevaluasi pembelajaran IPA berbasis 5 DS dalam supervisi melalui model EDTS; 3) menguji keefektifan model.Objek penelitian ini adalah SMP Negeri 7, 11, 14, 15, 19, 29, dan 32. Model EDTS dikembangkan melalui penelitian dan pengembangan (R&D). Subjeknya adalah guru sendiri, gurusejawat, dan kepala sekolah. Alur pelaksanaan evaluasinya adalah: guru sendiri dan guru sejawat mengobservasi kegiatan pra pembelajaran dan proses pembelajaran. Data observasi divalidasi oleh kepala sekolah, ditindaklanjuti dengan diskusi, dan dilanjutkan dengan kegiatan feedback dan evaluasi diri. Penelitian ini menghasilkan: 1) model EDTS melalui pendekatan ANTRANINPRO (Antacedent, Transaction, Interim Product), dikembangkan dengan metode R&D; 2) Model EDTS disusun untuk memperkuat pelaksanaan supervisi di sekolah, melalui dukungan informasi yang diberikan guru kepada kepala sekolah; 3) berdasarkan hasil evaluasi, diperoleh penilaian kurang baik pada item yang terkait dengan 5DS, terutama domain kreativitas dan aplikasi sains; 4) model EDTS efektif untuk digunakan, berdasarkan data: validitas model (sangat baik), validitas konten (96% relevan), reliabilitas (kriteria baik), model memberi kemudahan user untuk menggunakan, serta memberi dampak positif terhadap perbaikan pembelajaran.Kata kunci: model evaluasi, supervisi pembelajaran, lima domain sains______________________________________________________________EVALUATION MODEL IN THE TEACHING SUPERVISION OF NATURAL SCIENCES BASED ON FIVE DOMAINS OF SCIENCE Abstract The purposes of this study are: 1. deeveloping a self and peer evaluation model (EDTS model) in the teaching supervision of natural sciences based on five domains of science (DS 5); 2. evaluating the teaching in supervision of natural sciences based on five domains of science (DS 5) through EDTS model; 3. measuring the effectiveness of this model. The objects of this research are SMPN 7, 11, 14, 15, 19, 29, and 32. The EDTS model was developed through research and development (R&D). The subjects are teachers, teacher’s peers and headmasters. The steps of the evaluation were: teachers and teacher’s peers observed pre learning activities and learning processes. Observation data were validated by the headmasters, followed by discussion and feedback and self-evaluation. The results of this research are: 1) EDTS models through ANTRANINPRO approach (Antecedent, Transaction, Interim Product) is developed by the R & D method; 2) EDTS model is designed to strengthen the implementation of supervision in schools, through the support of information provided by the teacher to the headmaster; 3) Based on the evaluation, items associated with 5DS are considered not so good, especially the domain of creativity and scientific applications; 4) EDTS model is effective to be used, based on the data: the validity of the model (very good), content validity (96% relevant), reliability (good criteria), the model gives the user easiness to use, and gives a positive impact on learning improvement.Keywords: models of evaluation, teaching supervision, five domains of science.
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Mącik, Dorota, and Radosław Mącik. "Are four maladaptive schema domains a better option than five? Recommendations based on comparison of the latent structure of schemas on a large group of healthy adults." Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 50, no. 3 (February 2, 2022): 334–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352465821000539.
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AbstractBackground:Numerous publications and analyses conducted in various cultures lead to the conclusion that the latent structure of schemas is not unambiguous. The latest proposal by Bach et al. (2017a) includes 18 schemas and four domains; however, a five domain structure is also acceptable.Aim:The aim of the research was to directly compare both proposals based on the research of a large group of healthy people.Method:The schema questionnaire YSQ-S3 was completed by 2348 people aged 18–81 years, of whom women constituted slightly over 54%.Results:CFA analyses have demonstrated a poor fit to the data of all analysed models, with the model of four correlated domains, which is also characterised by higher loadings (standardised regression loadings), being the closest to fulfil the criteria. Exploratory factor analyses have shown an almost exact reflection of the structure with the assumed four factors; the structure of five factors has not been recreated. The released number of factors indicated a two-factor solution. The additional analysis confirmed positive medium correlations with negative affect and psychopathology symptoms. Negative correlations of self-esteem, positivity scale and positive affect indicate good divergent validity.Conclusion:The analysis confirms the existence of 18 schemas and supports the new four-domain model of the latent structure of schemas as more appropriate than a model consisting of five domains.
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Baggia, Alenka, Robert Leskovar, and Miroljub Kljajić. "Implementation of the Scheduling Domain Description Model." Organizacija 41, no. 6 (November 1, 2008): 226–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10051-008-0024-4.
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Implementation of the Scheduling Domain Description ModelThis paper presents the problem of auniform scheduling domain description. It was established that the algorithm used for scheduling is general, disregarding the type of scheduling domain. On the basis of five different scheduling domains, a general description model was developed. The research is focused on the programming application of the resource scheduling model, presented as a UML class diagram. Diverse meta-languages for the model description were considered. Of these XML, an EAV model and object oriented languages have shown to be the most effective. Even though Java is not widely used as a description language, it has proved effective as a meta-language for the description of the extensible scheduling model.
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Ross, Eric D., Ulrich Baxa, and Reed B. Wickner. "Scrambled Prion Domains Form Prions and Amyloid." Molecular and Cellular Biology 24, no. 16 (August 15, 2004): 7206–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.24.16.7206-7213.2004.
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ABSTRACT The [URE3] prion of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a self-propagating amyloid form of Ure2p. The amino-terminal prion domain of Ure2p is necessary and sufficient for prion formation and has a high glutamine (Q) and asparagine (N) content. Such Q/N-rich domains are found in two other yeast prion proteins, Sup35p and Rnq1p, although none of the many other yeast Q/N-rich domain proteins have yet been found to be prions. To examine the role of amino acid sequence composition in prion formation, we used Ure2p as a model system and generated five Ure2p variants in which the order of the amino acids in the prion domain was randomly shuffled while keeping the amino acid composition and C-terminal domain unchanged. Surprisingly, all five formed prions in vivo, with a range of frequencies and stabilities, and the prion domains of all five readily formed amyloid fibers in vitro. Although it is unclear whether other amyloid-forming proteins would be equally resistant to scrambling, this result demonstrates that [URE3] formation is driven primarily by amino acid composition, largely independent of primary sequence.
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Barel, Efrat, Yonathan Mizrachi, and Maayan Nachmani. "Quantifying the Predictive Role of Temperament Dimensions and Attachment Styles on the Five Factor Model of Personality." Behavioral Sciences 10, no. 10 (September 24, 2020): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs10100145.
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Background: The present study investigated the role of temperament and attachment security in predicting individual differences in the five factor personality traits among adults. As previous studies suggested the potential moderating role of attachment in the association between temperament and personality traits, the present study sought to examine an interactionist model combining attachment and temperament in explaining individual differences in personality traits. Methods: A sample of 1871 participants (1151 women and 719 men) completed self-report measures of adult attachment style (the Relationships Questionnaire—RQ), temperament dimension (the Fisher Temperament Inventory—FTI), and personality domain (the Five Factor Model—FFM). Results: Partial correlational analyses revealed associations between attachment security and each of the five domains of the FFM, and few associations between some temperament dimensions and several domains of the FFM. Moderated regression analyses showed that attachment security moderated the associations between temperament dimensions and the Agreeableness domain of the FFM. Among secure individuals, those with higher scores on the Curious/Energetic, Cautious/Social Norm Compliant and Prosocial/Empathetic scales exhibited higher Agreeableness scores, whereas among insecure individuals, those with higher scores on the Analytic/Tough-minded scale exhibited lower scores on the Agreeableness scale. Conclusion: Overall, the current study provides evidence in support of the substantive role of social-environmental factors (Adult Attachment) as a moderating element bridging temperament-related personality elements and a number of their FFM manifestations.
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Carle, Adam C., Isabella Pallotto, Todd C. Edwards, Richard Carpiano, Darragh C. Kerr, and Donald L. Chi. "Psychometric properties of the Fluoride Hesitancy Identification Tool (FHIT)." PLOS ONE 19, no. 1 (January 17, 2024): e0297188. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0297188.
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Introduction Some caregivers are hesitant about topical fluoride for their children despite evidence that fluoride prevents caries and is safe. Recent work described a five domain model of caregivers’ topical fluoride hesitancy. We developed the Fluoride Hesitancy Identification Tool (FHIT) item pool based on the model. This study sought to evaluate the FHIT’s psychometric properties in an effort to generate a short, simple to score, reliable, and valid tool that measures caregivers’ topical fluoride hesitancy. Methods In 2021 and 2022, we conducted an observational, cross-sectional study of caregivers, collecting data from two independent caregiver samples (n1 = 523; n2 = 612). The FHIT item pool included 33 items. We used confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) to examine whether the FHIT items measured five separate domains as hypothesized and to reduce the number of items. We then fit item response theory (IRT) models and computed Cronbach’s alpha for each domain. Last, we examined the construct validity of the FHIT and evaluated scoring approaches. Results After dropping 8 items, CFA supported a five factor model of topical fluoride hesitancy, with no cross-loadings (RMSEA = 0.079; SRMR = 0.057; CFI = 0.98; TLI = 0.98). We further reduced the items to four per domain (20 items total). Marginal alphas showed that the item sets provided reliability of ≥0.90 at hesitancy levels at and above average. The domains correlated more strongly with each other and topical fluoride refusal than with other questions on the survey. Discussion Our results support the FHIT’s ability to reliably and validly measure five domains of topical fluoride hesitancy using the average score of the four items in each domain.
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Shchebetenko, Sergei, Aleksey Y. Kalugin, Arina M. Mishkevich, Christopher J. Soto, and Oliver P. John. "Measurement Invariance and Sex and Age Differences of the Big Five Inventory–2: Evidence From the Russian Version." Assessment 27, no. 3 (July 9, 2019): 472–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073191119860901.
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The Big Five Inventory–2 (BFI-2) is a recently published 60-item questionnaire that measures personality traits within the five-factor model framework. An important aspect of the BFI-2 is that it measures the traits at both the domain and facet levels and also controls acquiescence bias via the balanced number of true- and false-keyed items across the domains and facets. The current research evaluates factorial measurement invariance of a Russian version of the BFI-2 across sex and age within samples of 1,024 university students (Study 1) and 1,029 Internet users (Study 2). Across these samples, men scored lower on the domains of negative emotionality and agreeableness and slightly higher on extraversion. Sex differences were also obtained on various facets. In the Internet sample, age correlated modestly with several Big Five domains in accordance with the well-documented maturity principle. The newly developed Russian version of BFI-2 showed good reliability and validity across both samples. Moreover, random intercept exploratory factor analyses showed that the BFI-2 displayed a hierarchical five-domain-15-facet structure that demonstrated strict measurement invariance across sex and age.
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Hernandez, Rick Obrian, Jorge Alberto Sánchez, and Marlyn H. Romero. "Iceberg Indicators for Animal Welfare in Rural Sheep Farms Using the Five Domains Model Approach." Animals 10, no. 12 (December 2, 2020): 2273. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10122273.
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Animal welfare for sheep in extensive rural farms is difficult to quantify among rural farmers due to several factors, including the lack of technology and the low level of interaction they have with the animals. The purpose of this study was to search for animal-based iceberg indicators using the Five Domains Model approach and study the relationship between sheep reactive behavior (flight distance), sheep handling training and farmers job satisfaction. Thirteen extensive commercial dual-purpose sheep farms (n = 520 animals) were evaluated in Marulanda, Caldas (Colombia, South America). On-farm Animal Welfare Indicators (AWIN) were assessed using an adapted version of this protocol. Socio-demographic characteristics, sheep handling training and job satisfaction were evaluated using a structured interview. Blood and stool samples were taken to determine Fecal Egg Count and Packed Cell Volume. Bivariate regression models were used to find animal-based indicators that predicted Nutrition, Ambience, Health and Behavior welfare domains, and a Qualitative Behavior Analysis was used for mind state domain analysis. Body condition score (BCS) (p = 0.001), fleece cleanliness (p = 0.03), FAMACHA© Score (p = 0.05), and flight distance in meters (p = 0.19) were found to be indicators, and were useful for predicting overall welfare assessment (R2 = 0.85) on theses farms. Regarding mind welfare domain, Qualitative Behavioral Assessment found two principal components (PC) that explained 82% and 67% of the variance, and described emotional valence and energy levels of sheep, respectively. Sheep handling training (β = −8.75, p = 0.004) and job satisfaction (β = −7.5, p = 0.013) had a negative association with the average flock flight distance. Spearman’s rank correlations were significant (p < 0.001) between Fecal Egg Count, Packed Cell Volume, FAMACHA© Score (FS), Body Weight (BW) and, BCS. The strongest association was observed between Packed Cell Volume (PCV) and Fecal Egg Count (FEC) (r = −0.43), also FS was correlated with PCV (r = −0.28) and FEC (r = 0.21), and BCS was correlated with weight (r = 0.32). We suggest that these animal-based indicators could be useful as iceberg indicators for extensive sheep production systems and may set the ground for more research in small extensive sheep farms to develop strategies to find welfare problems and solutions.
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Hyatt, Courtland S., Michael L. Crowe, Donald R. Lynam, and Joshua D. Miller. "Components of the Triarchic Model of Psychopathy and the Five-Factor Model Domains Share Largely Overlapping Nomological Networks." Assessment 27, no. 1 (July 13, 2019): 72–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073191119860903.
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The triarchic model of psychopathy is a recently developed model of psychopathy that identifies three primary domains: Boldness, Meanness, and Disinhibition. These traits overlap substantially with general and pathological five-factor model of personality (Boldness = low Neuroticism + high Extraversion; Meanness = low Agreeableness; Disinhibition = low Conscientiousness). In the current study (total N = 1,266), we compare domains from the triarchic model of psychopathy and five-factor model in relation to self- and informant-report of external criteria (e.g., pathological traits, antisocial behavior), and quantified their absolute similarity using a profile-matching approach. The corresponding traits from these models show large interrelations and very similar convergent and divergent relations, suggesting that unaltered traits from one can be considered excellent representations of the other. Results are discussed in terms of the benefits of using a unifying trait-based model to study psychopathy, as well as personality disorders more broadly.
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Carlsson, Monica. "Conceptualizations of professional competencies in school health promotion." Health Education 116, no. 5 (August 1, 2016): 489–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/he-07-2015-0022.
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Purpose – The purpose of the paper is to contribute to the conceptualization and discussion of professional competencies needed for supporting the development of the whole-school approach in school health promotion (SHP). Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based on a conceptual synthesis of literature, guided by a theoretical perspective on health promotion agency and professional competencies to identify core competency domains and elements. This is followed by a discussion of focus, gaps and links in conceptualizations of competency domains and elements. Findings – The synthesis identifies five core competency domains: policy-development; organizational development; professional development; development of students’ learning; and development of health promotion activities. Three critical gaps in the conceptualizations of competency domains and elements are identified and discussed: the downplay of the development of learning domain and the narrow focus on cognitive elements within it; the narrow focus on cognitive elements and technical-organizational elements in the development of HP activities domain; and the downplay of affective competency elements across domains. Practical implications – The five competency domains may provide an overall guiding tool for professionals tasked with practice and competency development in SHP, and a point of departure for the development of conceptualizations of professional competencies in concrete practice contexts. Originality/value – The paper delineates an overall professional competency model for SHP, discusses the specific demands on professional competencies within this field in relation to this model, and addresses three critical gaps in the conceptualizations of competency.
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Yamamoto, Akiji. "A five-dimensional model of dodecagonal Ta–Te quasicrystals with fractal occupation domains." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography 60, no. 2 (March 1, 2004): 142–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108767303029003.
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Park, Kyung Ae, Su Min Kang, Mi Ran Jo, Myung Hyun Moon, and Yoon Joo Lee. "A development of parent education model for child abusive parents as conducting Delphi survey." Korean Council For Children's Rights 27, no. 4 (November 30, 2023): 583–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.21459/kccr.2023.27.4.583.
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Objectives: The purpose of this studyistodevelopandpropose a model of parental education for the prevention of child abuse .
Methods: 21 previous studies on parental education for child abuse prevention and recurrence were analyzed, and the educational contents presented in the previous studies were extracted into cognitive, emotional, and behavioral areas. Three Delphi surveys including educational needs analysis interviews with five child abuse counselors were conducted, and the final educational model was established based on the results.
Results: Experts agreed that cognitive and emotional domains interact to influence behavioral domains, and field experts agreed that for abusive parents to practice what they learned in the training, the training should include a lot of self-reflection and healing. Finally, the final training model was derived by agreeing on the detailed contents of each cognitive, emotional, and behavioral domain for each stage of training.
Conclusions: Experts agreed that cognitive and emotional domains interact to influence behavioral domains, and field experts agreed that for abusive parents to practice what they learned in the training, the training should include a lot of self-reflection and healing. Finally, the final training model was derived by agreeing on the detailed contents of each cognitive, emotional, and behavioral domain for each stage of training.
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Gadisov, T. G., and A. A. Tkachenko. "Comparison of categorical and dimensional approaches to the diagnosis of personality disorders." V.M. BEKHTEREV REVIEW OF PSYCHIATRY AND MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY, no. 4 (December 17, 2020): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31363/2313-7053-2020-4-15-25.
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Summary. Objective: A comparative study of the personality structure from the perspective the Five-factor personality model (“Big Five”) in mentally healthy and in people with personality disorders depending on the leading radical determined by the clinical method.Materials and methods: a comparative study of personality structures in the mentally healthy (13 people) and in individuals with personality disorders (47 people) was carried out. To assess the personality structure, the NEO-Five Factor Inventory questionnaire was used. Persons with personality disorders were divided into groups in accordance with the leading radical: 24 — with emotionally unstable; 13 — with a histrionic; 6 — with schizoid; 4 — with paranoid radicals.Results: There were no differences in the values of the domains of the Five-Factor personality model between a group of individuals with personality disorders and the norm. The features of domain indicators of the Five-factor personality model were revealed in individuals with personality disorder depending on theradical.Conclusion: The NEO-Five Factor Inventory questionnaire, like most other tools from the perspective of the Five-Factor Model, is not suitable for assessing a person in terms of assigning it to variants of a mental disorder. When comparing the categorical and dimensional approaches to assessing the structure of personality disorders, it was found that the obligate personality traits identified using the categorical approach are fully reflected in the «Big Five» in individuals with a leading schizoid radical. The relations of obligate personal traits with the domains of the Five-factor model of personality in individuals with other (paranoid, histrionic,and emotionally unstable) radicals are less clear.
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Kumar, Kuldeep, Arti Bakhshi, and Ekta Rani. "Linking the Big Five personality domains to Organizational citizenship behavior." International Journal of Psychological Studies 1, no. 2 (November 17, 2009): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijps.v1n2p73.
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The aim of the present study is to explore the linkages between personality and organization citizenship behavior (OCB) using a field sample. Big-Five personality model was used to explore the relationship between personality and OCB. The participants in the study were 187 doctors working in medical college in north India. Four of the big five factors except Neuroticism were positively correlated with OCB. Hierarchical regression analysis on data after controlling for demographic variables indicated that, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness and Neuroticism were valid predictors for OCB. However, Openness to experience showed no significant relationship with overall measure of OCB. Theoretical and practical implications of the study are discussed. Keywords: Personality, OCB, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism, India
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Wang, Xuyang, Yajun Du, Danroujing Chen, Xianyong Li, Xiaoliang Chen, Yongquan Fan, Chunzhi Xie, Yanli Li, and Jia Liu. "Improving Domain-Generalized Few-Shot Text Classification with Multi-Level Distributional Signatures." Applied Sciences 13, no. 2 (January 16, 2023): 1202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13021202.
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Domain-generalized few-shot text classification (DG-FSTC) is a new setting for few-shot text classification (FSTC). In DG-FSTC, the model is meta-trained on a multi-domain dataset, and meta-tested on unseen datasets with different domains. However, previous methods mostly construct semantic representations by learning from words directly, which is limited in domain adaptability. In this study, we enhance the domain adaptability of the model by utilizing the distributional signatures of texts that indicate domain-related features in specific domains. We propose a Multi-level Distributional Signatures based model, namely MultiDS. Firstly, inspired by pretrained language models, we compute distributional signatures from an extra large news corpus, and we denote these as domain-agnostic features. Then we calculate the distributional signatures from texts in the same domain and texts from the same class, respectively. These two kinds of information are regarded as domain-specific and class-specific features, respectively. After that, we fuse and translate these three distributional signatures into word-level attention values, which enables the model to capture informative features as domain changes. In addition, we utilize domain-specific distributional signatures for the calibration of feature representations in specific domains. The calibration vectors produced by the domain-specific distributional signatures and word embeddings help the model adapt to various domains. Extensive experiments are performed on four benchmarks. The results demonstrate that our proposed method beats the state-of-the-art method with an average improvement of 1.41% on four datasets. Compared with five competitive baselines, our method achieves the best average performance. The ablation studies prove the effectiveness of each proposed module.
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Awawdeh, Malek N., and Hooi Lian Lim. "THE RELATIONSHIP OF CREATIVITY DOMAINS WITH BIG FIVE PERSONALITY TRAITS: A STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELLING ANALYSIS." International Journal of Education, Psychology and Counseling 8, no. 50 (June 1, 2023): 68–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.35631/ijepc.850005.
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The importance of fostering creativity in higher education has grown increasingly recognized. In this information age, universities have acknowledged the advantages of creativity for both individuals and societies. This study established a model to use Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to analyse the relationship between creativity domains and personality traits based on the psychometric method and expanding on the creativity domains theory and the traits theory. The measurement model survives the validity and reliability test. The structural model has shown acceptable goodness of fit tests. The instruments were administered to 415 Malaysian undergraduate students. The study concludes that personality traits have a significant relationship with creativity domains and can theoretically enrich the current research of creativity assessment in higher education. This is an essential skill for students to develop, with implications both for their personal futures and for society as a whole.
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Schmidt, Judith, and Romy Müller. "Diagnosing Faults in Different Technical Systems: How Requirements for Diagnosticians Can Be Revealed by Comparing Domain Characteristics." Machines 11, no. 12 (November 23, 2023): 1045. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines11121045.
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In complex work domains, not all possible faults can be anticipated by designers or handled by automation. Humans therefore play an important role in fault diagnosis. To support their diagnostic reasoning, it is necessary to understand the requirements that diagnosticians face. While much research has dealt with identifying domain-general aspects of fault diagnosis, the present exploratory study examined domain-specific influences on the requirements for diagnosticians. Scenario-based interviews were conducted with nine experts from two domains: the car domain and the packaging machine domain. The interviews revealed several factors that influence the requirements for successful fault diagnosis. These factors were summarized in five categories, namely domain background, technical system, typical faults, diagnostic process, and requirements. Based on these factors, we developed the Domain Requirements Model to predict requirements for diagnosticians (e.g., the need for empirical knowledge) from domain characteristics (e.g., the degree to which changes in inputs are available as domain knowledge) or characteristics of the diagnostic process (e.g., the extent of support). The model is discussed considering the psychological literature on fault diagnosis, and first insights are provided that show how the model can be used to predict requirements of diagnostic reasoning beyond the two domains studied here.
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Reichborn-Kjennerud, T., R. F. Krueger, E. Ystrom, F. A. Torvik, T. H. Rosenström, S. H. Aggen, S. C. South, et al. "Do DSM-5 Section II personality disorders and Section III personality trait domains reflect the same genetic and environmental risk factors?" Psychological Medicine 47, no. 12 (April 17, 2017): 2205–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291717000824.
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BackgroundDSM-5 includes two conceptualizations of personality disorders (PDs). The classification in Section II is identical to the one found in DSM-IV, and includes 10 categorical PDs. The Alternative Model (Section III) includes criteria for dimensional measures of maladaptive personality traits organized into five domains. The degree to which the two conceptualizations reflect the same etiological factors is not known.MethodsWe use data from a large population-based sample of adult twins from the Norwegian Institute of Public Health Twin Panel on interview-based DSM-IV PDs and a short self-report inventory that indexes the five domains of the DSM-5 Alternative Model plus a domain explicitly targeting compulsivity. Schizotypal, Paranoid, Antisocial, Borderline, Avoidant, and Obsessive-compulsive PDs were assessed at the same time as the maladaptive personality traits and 10 years previously. Schizoid, Histrionic, Narcissistic, and Dependent PDs were only assessed at the first interview. Biometric models were used to estimate overlap in genetic and environmental risk factors.ResultsWhen measured concurrently, there was 100% genetic overlap between the maladaptive trait domains and Paranoid, Schizotypal, Antisocial, Borderline, and Avoidant PDs. For OCPD, 43% of the genetic variance was shared with the domains. Genetic correlations between the individual domains and PDs ranged from +0.21 to +0.91.ConclusionThe pathological personality trait domains, which are part of the Alternative Model for classification of PDs in DSM-5 Section III, appears to tap, at an aggregate level, the same genetic risk factors as the DSM-5 Section II classification for most of the PDs.
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Reynolds, Sarah K., and Lee Anna Clark. "Predicting Dimensions of Personality Disorder From Domains and Facets of the Five Factor Model." Journal of Personality 69, no. 2 (April 2001): 199–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-6494.00142.
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Mellor, DJ, and NJ Beausoleil. "Extending the 'Five Domains' model for animal welfare assessment to incorporate positive welfare states." Animal Welfare 24, no. 3 (August 1, 2015): 241–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.7120/09627286.24.3.241.
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Shang, Kuo-Chung, Ching-Cheng Chao, and Taih-Cherng Lirn. "The application of personality traits model on the freight forwarding service industry." Maritime Business Review 1, no. 3 (August 31, 2016): 231–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mabr-09-2016-0021.
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Purpose The purpose of this study aims to investigate the relationship between employees’ personality traits and their job performances (including task performance and contextual performance) of Taiwanese freight forwarders by using responses from a NEO Personality Inventory-Revised Form (NEO-PI-R) questionnaire survey. Design/methodology/approach One of the most popular personality trait model is the five-factor model (FFM), which includes the big five domains, namely, openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness and neuroticism (OCEAN). Each of these five domains includes six facets. Previous researchers have used OCEAN factors to describe the relationship between human personality and job performance. NEO Personality Inventory is a professional psychological assessment instrument published by psychological assessment resources. Multivariate analysis technique and regression technique are used to analyze surveyees’ responses. Findings Research results reveal the following four issues. The seniority of employees in a company has a positive relationship with their conscientiousness. Employees with higher score on the facets of the neuroticism domain have a negative correlation with their task performance and contextual performance. The relationship between employees’ openness to experience and job performance (both task performance and contextual performance) is not significant. Employees’ seniority has a positive correlation with both their task performance and contextual performance. In a nutshell, freight forwarding industry in Taiwan can use the facets in the neuroticism domain to screen and recruit appropriate job applicants. In addition, retaining senior employees could increase a forwarder’s task performance and contextual performance by their high degree of conscientiousness. Originality/value FFM model is a psychological theory dealing with the personality traits and human behavior. Freight forwarding is a labor-intensive business and is one of the most important sectors in the logistics industry. According the authors’ knowledge, the application of FFM on the logistics industry is simply not existed.
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Maestre-Gongora, Gina Paola, and Wilson Nieto Bernal. "Conceptual Model of Information Technology Management for Smart Cities." Journal of Global Information Management 27, no. 2 (April 2019): 159–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jgim.2019040109.
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This article presents a proposal of conceptual model for public administrations that allows analyzing the level of IT management capacity as an enabler of smart cities from a multidimensional and dynamic approach taking into account technological, institutional and innovation aspects. The model includes five domains (e-government strategy, Public Innovation, Data Management, IT Services and Infrastructure) that are described in terms of key domain areas, objectives and questions. The model was conceptually validated with four IT offices in Colombia and a pilot test was developed in the Atlantic department. A profile of information technology management capabilities was obtained from public data of the Ministry of ICT in Colombia.
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Nemechek, Stephanie, and Kenneth R. Olson. "FIVE-FACTOR PERSONALITY SIMILARITY AND MARITAL ADJUSTMENT." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 27, no. 3 (January 1, 1999): 309–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.1999.27.3.309.
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No previous research has examined the relationship between marital adjustment and similarity of partner personality on a measure of the five-factor personality model. The present study examined this relationship in 99 married couples. Spousal similarity on the domains of Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, Neuroticism, and several personality facets was related to marital adjustment. With the exception of Conscientiousness, the traits on which similarity was related to adjustment differed for husbands and wives. Reasons for these sex differences are discussed.
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Zhao, Di, Yun Sing Koh, Gillian Dobbie, Hongsheng Hu, and Philippe Fournier-Viger. "Symmetric Self-Paced Learning for Domain Generalization." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 38, no. 15 (March 24, 2024): 16961–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v38i15.29639.
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Deep learning methods often suffer performance degradation due to domain shift, where discrepancies exist between training and testing data distributions. Domain generalization mitigates this problem by leveraging information from multiple source domains to enhance model generalization capabilities for unseen domains. However, existing domain generalization methods typically present examples to the model in a random manner, overlooking the potential benefits of structured data presentation. To bridge this gap, we propose a novel learning strategy, Symmetric Self-Paced Learning (SSPL), for domain generalization. SSPL consists of a Symmetric Self-Paced training scheduler and a Gradient-based Difficulty Measure (GDM). Specifically, the proposed training scheduler initially focuses on easy examples, gradually shifting emphasis to harder examples as training progresses. GDM dynamically evaluates example difficulty through the gradient magnitude with respect to the example itself. Experiments across five popular benchmark datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed learning strategy.
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Liu, Xiaoming, Mengyuan Cao, Guan Yang, Jie Liu, Yang Liu, and Hang Wang. "Harnessing Causal Structure Alignment for Enhanced Cross-Domain Named Entity Recognition." Electronics 13, no. 1 (December 22, 2023): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13010067.
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Cross-domain named entity recognition (NER) is a crucial task in various practical applications, particularly when faced with the challenge of limited data availability in target domains. Existing methodologies primarily depend on feature representation or model parameter sharing mechanisms to enable the transfer of entity recognition capabilities across domains. However, these approaches often ignore the latent causal relationships inherent in invariant features. To address this limitation, we propose a novel framework, the Causal Structure Alignment-based Cross-Domain Named Entity Recognition (CSA-NER) framework, designed to harness the causally invariant features within causal structures to enhance the cross-domain transfer of entity recognition competence. Initially, CSA-NER constructs a causal feature graph utilizing causal discovery to ascertain causal relationships between entities and contextual features across source and target domains. Subsequently, it performs graph structure alignment to extract causal invariant knowledge across domains via the graph optimal transport (GOT) method. Finally, the acquired causal invariant knowledge is refined and utilized through the integration of Gated Attention Units (GAUs). Comprehensive experiments conducted on five English datasets and a specific CD-NER dataset exhibit a notable improvement in the average performance of the CSA-NER model in comparison to existing cross-domain methods. These findings underscore the significance of unearthing and employing latent causal invariant knowledge to effectively augment the entity recognition capabilities in target domains, thereby contributing a robust methodology to the broader realm of cross-domain natural language processing.
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Harvey, Andrea M., Daniel Ramp, and David J. Mellor. "Review of the Foundational Knowledge Required for Assessing Horse Welfare." Animals 12, no. 23 (December 1, 2022): 3385. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12233385.
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A detailed understanding of what is usual for a species under optimal conditions is critical for identifying and interpreting different features of body function that have known impacts on animal welfare and its assessment. When applying the Five Domains Model to assess animal welfare, the key starting point is therefore to acquire extensive species-specific knowledge relevant to each of the four physical/functional Domains of the Model. These Domains, 1 to 4, address areas where objective information is evaluated and collated. They are: (1) Nutrition; (2) Physical environment; (3) Health; and (4) Behavioural interactions. It is on the basis of this detailed knowledge that cautious inferences can then be made about welfare-relevant mental experiences animals may have, aligned with Domain 5, Mental State. However, this review is focused entirely on the first four Domains in order to provide a novel holistic framework to collate the multidisciplinary knowledge of horses required for undertaking comprehensive welfare assessments. Thus, inferring the potential mental experiences aligned with Domain 5, the final step in model-based welfare assessments, is not considered here. Finally, providing extensive information on free-roaming horses enables a better understanding of the impacts of human interventions on the welfare of horses in both free-roaming and domestic situations.
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Ciardi, Gianluca, Gianfranco Lamberti, Vittorio Casati, and Elena Paris. "Rehabilitation Outcome Measures in Patients with Spinal Stenosis: A Literary Review." Physiologia 3, no. 3 (August 11, 2023): 421–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/physiologia3030029.
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Background: Lumbar spinal stenosis causes considerable disability in everyday life; its incidence is increasing due to aging in the world population. First-line treatment is generally conservative, but rehabilitation outcome is still unclear; the aim of this systematic review was to define which domains need to be evaluated for the lumbar stenosis physiotherapy approach, further specifying if the literature suggests patient-centred or objective measures. Methods: A systematic review of the literature according to the PRISMA statement was carried out; the PICO model was used to draw research questions. RCTs about the rehabilitation of lumbar spinal stenosis conducted in the last five years were considered includible, with no difference in terms of stenosis location. The following databases were screened through specific search strings: PubMed, EBSCO, PEDro, Cochrane Database, Scopus, and Google Scholar; two independent researchers assessed results and a third opinion was requested to solve conflicts. Critical appraisal of the included studies was conducted through Pedro Jadad scores. The following data were extracted: author and year, country, sample, intervention, outcome domains, and tools. Results: From 10,069 records, three RCTs were included in the final review stage; they all showed high methodological quality. It is recommended for physiotherapists dealing with lumbar spinal stenosis to assess five main domains: disability, pain, clinical tests, mental wellbeing and kynesiophobia, and quality of life. Domains were mainly assessed through self-reported questionnaires/scales, while objective tests evaluate general lower limb movements, the active range of motion, or the muscles’ endurance. Conclusion: This five-domain evaluation model is reliable and can be practised in each rehabilitation setting (home, outpatient, and hospital); sustainability is guaranteed by the prevalent employment of self-reported tools. Future studies should evaluate the best questionnaire/scale for each domain, especially the definition of a gold standard for pain assessment in patients with lumbar stenosis as this is a challenge for the future.
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Lin, Hailan, Yiyang Ran, and Haoyuan Tian. "A Review of The Relationships Between Psychopathy and Facets of Personality Under The Five Factor Model (FFM)." Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media 3, no. 1 (March 1, 2023): 911–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7048/3/2022418.
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In general personality structure models, the Five Factor Model (FFM) is the primary model which is of the most widely adopted and very well-studied theoretic model of personality. The article argues that the FFM can be use in the understanding of psychopathy and apply in assessing psychopathy by its facets. Researchers have studied that psychopathy traits are paralleled to specific domains of FFM. We raise some related researches as examples to represent the way FFM in assessing psychopathy traits then go deep into five facets of the FFM and specific domains in facets. The utility of FFM in psychopathy study is available for understanding the complicated personality of psychopaths and it renders analysis of the similarity between psychopathy and other personality disorders.
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Ledger, Rebecca, and David Mellor. "Forensic Use of the Five Domains Model for Assessing Suffering in Cases of Animal Cruelty." Animals 8, no. 7 (June 25, 2018): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani8070101.
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Thomas, Katherine M., Matthew M. Yalch, Robert F. Krueger, Aidan G. C. Wright, Kristian E. Markon, and Christopher J. Hopwood. "The Convergent Structure of DSM-5 Personality Trait Facets and Five-Factor Model Trait Domains." Assessment 20, no. 3 (September 3, 2012): 308–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073191112457589.
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Zinchuk, M., G. Kustov, A. Gersamija, A. Yakovlev, E. Pashnin, N. Voinova, S. Popova, and A. Guekht. "Evaluation of the factor structure of the Russian version of PID-5-BF." European Psychiatry 65, S1 (June 2022): S373—S374. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.948.
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Introduction Traditional categorical classifications of personality disorders (PD) have been criticized for insufficient structural and cross-cultural validity. In the DSM-5 Section III, alternative model of the PDs (AMPD), the maladaptive personality traits are divided into five domains: negative affect, detachment, antagonism, disinhibition and psychoticism. The Personality Inventory for DSM-5 Brief Form (PID-5-BF) is a 25-item self-report questionnaire that measures the severity of each of these five domains. To date, no questionnaires assessing pathological personality traits following the AMPD have been validated in Russia. Objectives This study aimed to investigate the factor structure of the Russian version of PID-5-BF. Methods Five hundred and 86 (female - 505 (86,2%), age - 18–77 years (M - 28.2, SD - 11.5)) consecutive inpatients with non-psychotic mental disorders were assessed with the Russian language version of the PID-5-BF. Exploratory structural equation modelling (ESEM) with Robust Diagonally Weighted Least Squares method of extraction and Robust Equamax rotation was performed in Factor v 11.04.02. Results The results of the ESEM analysis showed good fit of the five-factor model (CFI - 0.982; TLI - 0.971; RMSEA (95% CI) - 0.036 (0.01-0.05). Most of the items had the highest factor loadings on their mother domains. However, two items showed weak loadings on their designated factors (<0.4), and attention seeking item had a primary load to (low) detachment instead of antagonism. Conclusions The PID-5-BF was found to be a valid and reliable tool for the evaluation of the AMPD trait domain Disclosure No significant relationships.
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Mather, Phillip, Tony Ward, and Richard Cheston. "Presence and personality: A factoral exploration of the relationship between facets of dispositional mindfulness and personality." Counselling Psychology Review 34, no. 1 (June 2019): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpscpr.2019.34.1.27.
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Background/Aims/Objectives:The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between the discrete facets of personality and dispositional, or trait-like, mindfulness.Methodology/Methods:The study employed a factoral quantitative design and 229 participants completed two online measures, the Five Factor Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) and the NEO-PI-R Personality Questionnaire. The latter measured the ‘Big Five’ factors of personality (Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness, Agreeableness and Conscientiousness) and their 30 associated facets. Participant data was analysed via factor analysis utilising scores across all 35 variables, that is, the five dispositional mindfulness domains plus the 30 personality facets.Results/Findings:Analysis resulted in the emergence of a five-factor model. These five ‘new’ factors aligned closely with the ‘Big Five’ personality factors. Hence, dispositional mindfulness domains were statistically indistinct from established factors of personality. Notably, three out of the five FFMQ dispositional mindfulness domains (namely, Non-Judging of Inner Experience, Non-Reactivity to Inner Experience, and Acting with Awareness) loaded inversely on to the ‘Neuroticism’ factor. Additionally, two FFMQ domains (Acting with Awareness and Describing) loaded positively on to ‘Conscientiousness’, while one FFMQ domain (Observe) loaded positively on to ‘Openness’. These results align with previous studies conducted at factor level and deepen understanding of facet- level relationships.Discussion/Conclusions:Mindfulness training as a clinical intervention is now utilised extensively, often within the context of a broader counselling approach. The results of this study suggest that tailoring such clinical mindfulness interventions more to the client’s particular personality and needs may maximise benefit and negate the possibility of harmful consequences. For example, accentuating self-compassion, perhaps by setting the work in the context of a richer compassion-based approach, could be beneficial for a deeply self-critical client scoring highly on Neuroticism.
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Zhou, H., A. Fuks, G. Alcaraz, TJ Bolling, and CP Stanners. "Homophilic adhesion between Ig superfamily carcinoembryonic antigen molecules involves double reciprocal bonds." Journal of Cell Biology 122, no. 4 (August 15, 1993): 951–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.122.4.951.
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Both carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) belong to the immunoglobulin supergene family and have been demonstrated to function as homotypic Ca(++)-independent intercellular adhesion molecules. CEA and NCAM cannot associate heterotypically indicating that they have different binding specificities. To define the domains of CEA involved in homotypic interaction, hybrid cDNAs consisting of various domains from CEA and NCAM were constructed and were transfected into a CHO-derived cell line; stable transfectant clones showing cell surface expression of CEA/NCAM chimeric-proteins were assessed for their adhesive properties by homotypic and heterotypic aggregation assays. The results indicate that all five of the Ig(C)-like domains of NCAM are required for intercellular adhesion while the COOH-terminal domain containing the fibronectin-like repeats is dispensable. The results also show that adhesion mediated by CEA involves binding between the Ig(V)-like amino-terminal domain and one of the Ig(C)-like internal repeat domains: thus while transfectants expressing constructs containing either the N domain or the internal domains alone were incapable of homotypic adhesion, they formed heterotypic aggregates when mixed. Furthermore, peptides consisting of both the N domain and the third internal repeat domain of CEA blocked CEA-mediated cell aggregation, thus providing direct evidence for the involvement of the two domains in adhesion. We therefore propose a novel model for interactions between immunoglobulin supergene family members in which especially strong binding is effected by double reciprocal interactions between the V-like domains and C-like domains of antiparallel CEA molecules on apposing cell surfaces.
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Yang, Luhui, Guangjie Liu, Weiwei Liu, Huiwen Bai, Jiangtao Zhai, and Yuewei Dai. "Detecting Multielement Algorithmically Generated Domain Names Based on Adaptive Embedding Model." Security and Communication Networks 2021 (May 31, 2021): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5567635.
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With the development of detection algorithms on malicious dynamic domain names, domain generation algorithms have developed to be more stealthy. The use of multiple elements for generating domains will lead to higher detection difficulty. To effectively improve the detection accuracy of algorithmically generated domain names based on multiple elements, a domain name syntax model is proposed, which analyzes the multiple elements in domain names and their syntactic relationship, and an adaptive embedding method is proposed to achieve effective element parsing of domain names. A parallel convolutional model based on the feature selection module combined with an improved dynamic loss function based on curriculum learning is proposed, which can achieve effective detection on multielement malicious domain names. A series of experiments are designed and the proposed model is compared with five previous algorithms. The experimental results denote that the detection accuracy of the proposed model for multiple-element malicious domain names is significantly higher than that of the comparison algorithms and also has good adaptability to other types of malicious domain names.
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Segal, Daniel L., Lisa E. Stone, Frederick L. Coolidge, and Gabrielle Krus. "ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN DSM-5 PERSONALITY PATHOLOGY AND HORNEY’S INTERPERSONAL TRENDS AMONG OLDER ADULTS." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S162—S163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.581.
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Abstract Introduction: The Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) is a measure of the alternative model of personality disorders with limited evidence of validity among older adults. This study examined validity of the model through associations with the Horney-Coolidge Tridimensional Inventory (HCTI). Method: Older adults (N=125) completed the PID-5 and the HCTI. Results: Zero-order correlations were computed between the PID-5’s five domains (Negative Affect, Detachment, Antagonism, Disinhibition, and Psychoticism) and the HCTI’s three domains (Compliance, Aggression, and Detachment). Compliance was moderately negatively correlated with Detachment (r = -.27), as expected. Aggression was significantly positively related to all five PID-5 domains and was most strongly correlated with Antagonism (r = .56), Psychoticism (r = .48), and Disinhibition (r = .32). As predicted, Horney’s Detachment was most strongly related to the PID-5’s Detachment (r = .48). Regression analyses were also conducted with PID-5 domains predicting each HCTI type. The Compliance model was significant, with PID-5 domains predicting 13% of variability in Compliance. Negative Affect (positive) and Detachment (negative) were significant predictors. The Aggression model was also significant, with the PID-5 domains accounting for 40% of variability. Antagonism was the only significant positive predictor. Lastly, the Detachment model was significant, with the PID-5 domains predicting 29% of variance in Detachment scores. Negative Affect (negative) and Detachment (positive) were significant predictors. Discussion: Results indicate that the two measures of personality pathology generally converge regarding theoretically similar constructs and diverge around dissimilar domains, providing evidence of validity of the PID-5 for its ability to capture personality traits.
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Koike, T., K. Ichikawa, H. Kasahara, T. Atsumi, A. Tsutsumi, and E. Matsuura. "Epitopes on β2-GPI recognized by anticardiolipin antibodies." Lupus 7, no. 2_suppl (February 1998): 14–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096120339800700204.
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Anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) found in sera from patients with antiphospholipid syndrome recognize a cryptic epitope that appears on the β2-glycoprotein I (β2-GPI) molecule when β2-GPI interacts with a lipid membrane composed of negatively charged phospholipid or when β2-GPI is adsorbed on a polyoxygenated polystyrene plate. A homology based model of β2-GPI was constructed based on the NMR coordinates of sushi domains of human factor H. The conformation was like a cylinder consisting of five domains, its IV and V domains being glued by electrostatic interaction. We used phage-displayed random peptide libraries to search the epitopes of human aCL. Structures similar to consensus sequences selected by a biopanning method was found on domain IV of β2-GPI.
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Li, X., and Yan Qun Huang. "An Object-Oriented Modular Design Model Supported by Integrated Multi-Domain Knowledge." Materials Science Forum 697-698 (September 2011): 785–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.697-698.785.
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To enhance the ability and reliability of product variant design, an object-oriented framework was constructed using an extensible module/product class for setting up a modular design model. A module/product in a class was identified as an object by encapsulating the involved information as properties and the transforming or interaction activities as operations. This extensible object was gradually optimized through communications with other objects and integrations of design knowledge in five domains. These include Customer, Functional, Physical, Process and Engineering, which is a new domain introduced in this paper. The programmatic framework was implemented and successfully demonstrated using some typical machine tool products.
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Gamboa, Diana, Luis N. Coria, and Paul A. Valle. "Ultimate Bounds for a Diabetes Mathematical Model Considering Glucose Homeostasis." Axioms 11, no. 7 (June 30, 2022): 320. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/axioms11070320.
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This paper deals with a recently reported mathematical model formulated by five first-order ordinary differential equations that describe glucoregulatory dynamics. As main contributions, we found a localization domain with all compact invariant sets; we settled on sufficient conditions for the existence of a bounded positively-invariant domain. We applied the localization of compact invariant sets and Lyapunov’s direct methods to obtain these results. The localization results establish the maximum cell concentration for each variable. On the other hand, Lyapunov’s direct method provides sufficient conditions for the bounded positively-invariant domain to attract all trajectories with non-negative initial conditions. Further, we illustrate our analytical results with numerical simulations. Overall, our results are valuable information for a better understanding of this disease. Bounds and attractive domains are crucial tools to design practical applications such as insulin controllers or in silico experiments. In addition, the model can be used to understand the long-term dynamics of the system.
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Wuehr, Max, A. Huppert, F. Schenkel, J. Decker, K. Jahn, and R. Schniepp. "Independent domains of daily mobility in patients with neurological gait disorders." Journal of Neurology 267, S1 (June 12, 2020): 292–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00415-020-09893-2.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe aim of this study was to establish a comprehensive and yet parsimonious model of daily mobility activity in patients with neurological gait disorders. Patients (N = 240) with early-stage neurological (peripheral vestibular, cerebellar, hypokinetic, vascular or functional) gait disorders and healthy controls (N = 35) were clinically assessed with standardized scores related to functional mobility, balance confidence, quality of life, cognitive function, and fall history. Subsequently, daily mobility was recorded for 14 days by means of a body-worn inertial sensor (ActivPAL®). Fourteen mobility measures derived from ActivPAL recordings were submitted to principle component analysis (PCA). Group differences within each factor obtained from PCA were analyzed and hierarchical regression analysis was performed to identify predictive characteristics from clinical assessment for each factor. PCA yielded five significant orthogonal factors (i.e., mobility domains) accounting for 92.3% of the total variance from inertial-sensor-recordings: ambulatory volume (38.7%), ambulatory pattern (22.3%), postural transitions (13.3%), sedentary volume (10.8%), and sedentary pattern (7.2%). Patients' mobility performance only exhibited reduced scores in the ambulatory volume domain but near-to-normal scores in all remaining domains. Demographic characteristics, clinical scores, and fall history were differentially associated with each domain explaining 19.2–10.2% of their total variance. This study supports a low-dimensional five-domain model for daily mobility behavior in patients with neurological gait disorders that may facilitate monitoring the course of disease or therapeutic intervention effects in ecologically valid and clinically relevant contexts. Further studies are required to explore the determinants that may explain performance differences of patients within each of these domains and to examine the consequences of altered mobility behavior with respect to patients' risk of falling and quality of life.
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Fletcher, KA, LJ Cameron, and M. Freeman. "Contemplating the Five Domains model of animal welfare assessment: UK horse owner perceptions of equine well-being." Animal Welfare 30, no. 3 (August 31, 2021): 259–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.7120/09627286.30.3.003.
Full textAbstract:
Traditionally, assessment of animal welfare generally focused on physiological signs of health with less consideration of psychological well-being. More recently, the Five Domains model highlighted the concept of all aspects of an animal's life influencing their affective state. In equestrianism, however, there is a lack of awareness of the Five Domains model and, specifically, how different factors may affect the mental well-being of horses (Equus caballus). This divide between scientific research and lay horse owners could compromise equine welfare by failing to recognise horses as sentient beings with species-specific needs. The present study therefore aimed to explore how evidence-based information can be effectively communicated to equestrians (n = 259) through an online survey and whether increased knowledge of equine welfare needs has any impact on horse caregivers' assessment of their own horses' quality of life. Results showed that a simple educational infographic based on the Five Domains model had a significant impact on equestrians' assessment of equine welfare, although longitudinal, empirical studies are needed. Scores on a Likert scale for health, behaviour/human interactions and overall welfare were significantly lower following the intervention but scores for emotional well-being were significantly higher. This may suggest that, whilst the infographic increased participant awareness of the importance of emotional state and the factors affecting welfare, there were difficulties or inconsistencies in objectively assessing these emotions. This highlights the need for equine welfare science to be communicated more proactively to horse owners in an accessible, engaging format.
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Steinhart, Eric. "Beyond proportional analogy." Pragmatics and Cognition 2, no. 1 (January 1, 1994): 95–129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/pc.2.1.04ste.
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A model of analogical mapping is proposed that uses five principles to generate consistent and conflicting hypotheses regarding assignments of elements of a source domain to analogous elements of a target domain. The principles follow the fine conceptual structure of the domains. The principles are: (1) the principle of proportional analogy; (2) the principle of mereological analogy, (3) the principle of chain reinforcement; (4) the principle of transitive reinforcement; and (5) the principle of mutual inconsistency. A constraint-satisfaction network is used to find the set of assignments that preserves the greatest relational structure of the source. In contrast to the model proposed here, most models of analogical mapping use only the principle of proportional analogy. The use of many principles is shown to be superior in that it permits smoother integration of pragmatic factors and results in a more efficient mapping process.