Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'FITC-d'

Statistics
Ph.D.
The purpose of mixture experiments is to explore the optimum blends of mixture components, which will provide desirable response characteristics in finished products. D-Optimal minimal designs have been considered for a variety of mixture models, including Scheffe's linear, quadratic, and cubic models. Usually, these D-Optimal designs are minimally supported since they have just as many design points as the number of parameters. Thus, they lack the degrees of freedom to perform the Lack of Fit tests. Also, the majority of the design points in D-Optimal minimal designs are on the boundary: vertices, edges, or faces of the design simplex. In this dissertation, extensions of the D-Optimal minimal designs are developed to allow additional interior points in the design space to enable prediction of the entire response surface. First, the extensions of the D-Optimal minimal designs for two commonly used second-degree mixture models are considered. Second, the methodology for adding interior points to general mixture models is generalized. Also a new strategy for adding multiple interior points for symmetric mixture models is proposed. When compared with the standard mixture designs, the proposed extended D-Optimal minimal design provides higher power for the Lack of Fit tests with comparable D-efficiency.
Temple University--Theses

Statistics
Ph.D.
Sigmoid curves have found broad applicability in biological sciences and biopharmaceutical research during the last decades. A well planned experiment design is essential to accurately estimate the parameters of the model. In contrast to a large literature and extensive results on optimal designs for linear models, research on the design for nonlinear, including sigmoid curve, models has not kept pace. Furthermore, most of the work in the optimal design literature for nonlinear models concerns the characterization of minimally supported designs. These minimal, optimal designs are frequently criticized for their inability to check goodness of fit, as there are no additional degrees of freedom for the testing. This design issue can be a serious problem, since checking the model adequacy is of particular importance when the model is selected without complete certainty. To assess for lack of fit, we must add at least one extra distinct design point to the experiment. The goal of this dissertation is to identify optimal or highly efficient designs capable of checking the fit for sigmoid curve models. In this dissertation, we consider some commonly used sigmoid curves, including logistic, probit and Gompertz models with two, three, or four parameters. We use D-optimality as our design criterion. We first consider adding one extra point to the design, and consider five alternative designs and discuss their suitability to test for lack of fit. Then we extend the results to include one more additional point to better understand the compromise among the need of detecting lack of fit, maintaining high efficiency and the practical convenience for the practitioners. We then focus on the two-parameter Gompertz model, which is widely used in fitting growth curves yet less studied in literature, and explore three-point designs for testing lack of fit under various error variance structures. One reason that nonlinear design problems are so challenging is that, with nonlinear models, information matrices and optimal designs depend on the unknown model parameters. We propose a strategy to bypass the obstacle of parameter dependence for the theoretical derivation. This dissertation also successfully characterizes many commonly studied sigmoid curves in a generalized way by imposing unified parameterization conditions, which can be generalized and applied in the studies of other sigmoid curves. We also discuss Gompertz model with different error structures in finding an extra point for testing lack of fit.
Temple University--Theses

Tato práce si klade za cíl obeznámit čtenáře s 2D CNC obráběním a rozličnými metodami popisu a manipulace s dvojrozměrnými objekty. Poté je představen tzv. Nesting problém a jsou popsány různé metody přístupu k jeho vyřešení. Praktická část pokrývá implementaci vlastního nesting softwaru, jenž je schopný efektivně rozmístit nepravidelné tvary do nepravidelné ohraničené plochy. Na závěr je provedeno zhodnocení řečeného softwaru a také je zmíněno jeho možné využití v praxi.

Ce travail traite de la simulation numérique des équations de Navier Stokes et Euler pour un fluide non homogène avec des conditions aux limites sur la pression et divergence non nulle. Dans un premier temps, on linéarise en partie le problème en découplant la densité du reste du système. La difficulté principale pour le traitement numérique des équations provient de l'équation sur la divergence non nulle (fluide échangeant de la chaleur avec le milieu extérieur). La discrétisation en espace, est opérée par la méthode des moindres carrés en formalisme éléments finis. La non linéarité du problème, est ensuite conservée en utilisant un schéma d'Euler implicite en temps et une méthode de newton Krylov en espace. On montre que, a partir d'un certain temps t* inversement proportionnel a la divergence, des oscillations de la densité apparaissent donnant ainsi un comportement instable a tout le système

Une des caractéristiques histopathologiques de la maladie d'Alzheimer (AD) est la présence de plaques amyloïdes formées par les peptides amyloïdes β (Aβ) de 40 et 42 résidus, qui sont les produits de clivage par des protéases de l'APP. Afin de comprendre le rôle des variations structurelles du TM dans le traitement de l'APP, les peptides APP_TM4K ont été étudiés dans la bicouche lipidique en utilisant l’ATR-FTIR et ssNMR. Tandis que la structure secondaire globale du peptide APP_TM4K est hélicoidale, hétérogénéité de conformation et d'orientation a été observée pour le site de clivage γ et , que peuvent avoir des implications dans le mécanisme de clivage et donc dans la production d’Aβ. Les peptides Aβ s'agrègent pour produire des fibrilles et aussi de manière transitoire d'oligomères neurotoxiques. Nous avons constaté qu'en présence de Ca2+, l’Aβ (1-40) forme de préférence des oligomères, tandis qu'en absence de Ca2+ l'Aβ (1-40) s’agrège sous forme de fibrilles. Dans les échantillons sans Ca2+, l’ATR-FTIR révèle la conversion des oligomères en feuillets β antiparallèles en la conformation caractéristique des fibrilles en feuillets β parallèles. Ces résultats nous ont amené à conclure que les Ca2+ stimulent la formation d'oligomères d'Aβ (1-40), qui sont impliqués dans l’AD. Les positions et une orientation précise de deux nouveaux médicaments puissants modulateurs de la γ-sécrétase - le benzyl-carprofen et le sulfonyl-carprofen  dans la bicouche lipidique, ont été obtenus à partir des expériences des ssNMR. Ces résultats indiquent que le mécanisme probable de modulation du clivage par la y-sécrétase est une interaction directe avec le domaine TM de l’APP
A histopathological characteristic of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the presence of amyloid plaques formed by amyloid β(A) peptides of 40 and 42 residues-long, which are the cleavage products of APP by proteases. To understand the role of structural changes in the TM domain of APP, APP_TM4K peptides were studied in the lipid bilayer using ATR-FTIR and ssNMR. While the overall secondary structure of the APP_TM4K peptide is helical, conformational and orientational heterogeneity was observed for the y- and for the -cleavage sites, which may have implications for the cleavage mechanism and therefore the production of Aβ. Starting from its monomeric form, Aβ peptides aggregate into fibrils and / or oligomers, the latter being the most neurotoxic. We found that in the presence of Ca2 +, Aβ (1-40) preferably forms oligomers, whereas in the absence of a2 + Aβ (1-40) aggregates into fibrils. In samples without Ca2 +, ATR-FTIR shows conversion from antiparallel β sheet conformation of oligomers into parallel β sheets, characteristic of fibrils. These results led us to conclude that Ca2 +stimulates the formation of oligomers of Aβ (1-40), that have been implicated in the pathogenesis of AD. Position and precise orientation of two new drugs  powerful modulators of γ-secretase  benzyl-carprofen and carprofen sulfonyl  in the lipid bilayer were obtained from neutron scattering and ssNMR experiments. These results indicate that carprofen-derivatives can directly interact with APP. Such interaction would interfere with proper APP-dimer formation, which is necessary for the sequential cleavage by β -secretase, diminishing or greatly reducing Aβ42 production

Enterocytes comprising the single layer of epithelial cells in the intestine are linked together by a series of proteins known as tight junction proteins (TJP). TJP absorb nutrients through selective permeability and act as a barrier between intestinal contents and blood. When the barrier function is compromised this is known as increased intestinal permeability (IP). The aim of the thesis was to investigate biomarkers of increased IP in chickens. Increased IP has been studied extensively in rats, pigs and humans. In contrast, this is a relatively a new area in chickens (Chapter 2). Based on published studies in rats and pigs, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an endotoxin produced by Gram-negative bacteria, was selected as a method for increasing IP in chickens. Three experiments were conducted utilizing LPS to increase IP in chickens (Chapter 3). These studies concluded that LPS failed to increase IP as measured by permeability of lactulose, rhamnose and mannitol sugars (LMR) and fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-d) across the epithelial barrier. However, this work generated useful data and indicated for the first time that 90 minutes post-oral gavage was the optimal time-point for blood sampling. Since fasting for 19.5 hours was applied in the protocol of LPS administration (Chapter 3), a second experiment was conducted with fasting for 19.5 hours and dextran sodium sulphate ingestion along with the LMR sugars and FITC-d (Chapter 4). Additional biomarkers such as intestinal fatty acid binding protein, fecal antitrypsin inhibitor, diamine oxidase and d-lactate were also utilized. This paper concluded that 19.5 hours fasting increased IP that could be evaluated by LMR sugar and FITC-d methods. However, DSS ingestion did not show any IP increase in chickens. Since fasting is routinely applied in the chicken meat industry, fasting and its effects on IP were further investigated (Chapter 5). This study revealed that fasting for as little as 4.5 and 9 hours also increased IP in chickens. The study also confirmed that both methods (LMR sugars and FITC-d) could be utilized to evaluate increased IP. Chapter 6 focused on delayed feeding at the time of chicken placement at the farm. However, this study revealed that delayed feeding did not alter IP in very young chickens. Finally, as short-term fasting also increased IP in older chickens, a further study was conducted to investigate whether mRNA expression of gut barrier associated genes was altered (Chapter 7). This study showed that mRNA expression of claudin-3 only was significantly different from control for 9 and 19.5 hours fasting. This thesis has identified several biomarkers that could be utilized to evaluate increased IP in chickens. Some of these biomarkers such as fecal antitrypsin inhibitor, fatty acid binding protein, diamine oxidase and d-lactate could not detect IP changes induced by fasting in the current studies, they could potentially eliminate the need for oral gavage which is required in the FITC-d and LMR sugar tests. Nonetheless, this research project has shown that permeation of LMR sugars and FITC-d across the intestinal epithelium was able to demonstrate IP changes in chickens.
Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, 2017

碩士
中原大學
企業管理研究所
82
This study investigate the influence of the fitness of functional strategy with new product performance based on the concept of dynamic industry typology of thecnology trajectory taking industries of food, machinery, automobile and electronics as research object. The conclusions are as follow: 1.By cluster analysis, we divide the R&D strategy into offensive R&D and defensive R&D, they are the leader of technology able to evaluate the technology competences of their competitors, and to predict formal technology, they are usually aggressive, challenging, acquiring opportunity, so there are high performances resulted. On the other side, opposite effects are founded on factories with defensive R&D. 2.We divide manufacturing strategy into strategy of flexible-respone and strategy of stable-low cost. Factories with flexible respone strategy are able to proactive to extenal changes, closed to their customer, high volume buffer and internally reactive to higher rescheduling, rerouting, closed job relvance, high quality authorization, high process change. They emphasize quickly external response, customer service, and more flexible operation, while stable-low cost strtegy resulted oppositely. These two groups have no significant difference on performance, it seems we need to include the influence of other strategy fitness for the explanation. 3.On the total performance of strategy fitness, the best is the fiting of offensive R&D with flexible-respone strategy, the worst is the fiting of defensive R&D with flexible- respone strategy. This is due to to the reason that R&D investment and involvement are the critical factor of new product performance. 4.For the relationship of technology enviroments, strategy fitnesss and new product performance.Factories under technology enviroments of low uncertainty have high performance than that under enviroments of high uncertainty. For interaction effects, there are no interactive effects among these four strategy types.

碩士
國立中央大學
人力資源管理研究所碩士在職專班
98
The major purpose of this study is to explore if there is positive relationship of the relevance of Person-Organization Fit level with intention to retain level on the high oriented professional RD field. In addition, to confirm if the strength openness style which is a part of Big Five with RD’s effectiveness will affect the relationship of “Person-Organization Fit” with “intention to retain level”. This study uses correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, and simple linear models statistical analysis to validate above issues. This report will be provided to M company for selection and management tools. In this paper, we can find: 1. Person to Co-worker Fit is the greatest impact factor of “P-O Fit “dimensions on R&D’s intention to stay. 2. The interrelation between” Openness & Professional retention” is greater than “Openness & Organization retention”. 3. The higher “P-O Fit level”, R & D has higher intention to stay. 4. The positive interrelation between Person to Co-worker Fit with Organization retention is higher with stronger openness character’s. 5. The positive interrelation between Person-Supervisor Fit with Organization retention is weaker with stronger openness character’s. 6. The positive interrelation between Person-Co-worker Fit with Professional retention is higher with stronger openness character‘s.

碩士
國立東華大學
企業管理學系
95
This research attempt to explore the relationships among transformational leadership, culture of innovation, P-O (Person-Organization) fit and job satisfaction in term of the employees’ trust for their supervisor and organization. Furthermore the research also tries to identify the P-O Fit and Job Satisfaction which affect. And affiliation by questionnaire survey way, conducts the real diagnosis research, expect to provides organizes the leader solid service by this findings achievement the reference. The research is focus on R&D peoples which work on server ODM suppliers in Taiwan. The people are means they are working on research, innovation, development and execution tasks in R&D department. This research asked the volume way carries on the investigation, various companies R&D to provide asks the volume, altogether recycles 547 effective recycling to ask the volume. Depending on the analysis of real evidences, this research results that (1) Transformation leadership has positive effect on P-O Fit. (2) Transformation leadership has positive effect on Job Satisfaction. (3) P-O Fit has positive effect on Job Satisfaction. (4) The culture of innovation has positive effect P-O Fit. (5) The culture of innovation has positive effect Job Satisfaction. (6) The P-O Fit is showed mediate effect between Transformation leadership and Job Satisfaction. The moderate effect of P-O Fit is not significant. (7) The P-O Fit is showed mediate effect between Culture of innovation and Job Satisfaction. The moderate effect of P-O Fit is significant. Finally, we make some suggestions for the practice and further study

The way that Venture Capital is able to optimize its contribution towards the benefit of the venture has been debated for numerous years. Some authors show the competitive edge of the Corporate Venture Capital (CVC) with complementary assets while others suggest that Independent Venture Capital (IVC) offers other decisive attributes like strategy formulation and networking. Additionally, current literature also discusses the impact of creating a syndicate and of being within the same industry and location. Therefore, this dissertation studies the optimal setting a venture should have in regard to their investor in order to maximize its innovation output. Understanding what type of investor to have (CVC vs IVC) and the proximity to it in terms of industry and location, could play a paramount role. Based on the main sample of 1022 ventures between 1990 and 2019, there is strong evidence of an existing superiority of CVC compared to IVC. The syndicate can further boost the innovation output contribution when it is composed by more than twelve members. The regressions also show that having industry and geographical proximity augments the innovation output of the venture. To give additional support to the current findings, the sample was transformed into a Pre- and Post-IPO period. The results were similar to the ones before, except the geographic location that only is significant in a Post-IPO period. To solidify the conclusions, various regressions were done with different timeframes and different SIC restrictions. The findings were consistent with the original regressions.
Tem sido debatido durante vários anos qual o perfil ideal que os fundos de Capital de Risco têm de ter de forma a conseguirem maximizar a sua contribuição em termos de inovação para as startups. Certos autores mostram a vantagem competitiva do Capital de Risco Corporativo (CRC) com os ativos complementares, enquanto outros sugerem que o Capital de Risco Independente (CRI) oferece outros atributos decisivos, como formulação de estratégia e networking. Além disso, a literatura atual também discute o possível impacto da criação de um sindicato e de se encontrar dentro do mesmo setor e localização. Desta forma, esta dissertação estuda o cenário ideal que uma startup deve ter em relação ao seu investidor, a fim de maximizar o rendimento da sua inovação. Com base na amostra de 1022 startups entre 1990 e 2019, há fortes evidências de uma superioridade por parte da CRC em relação ao CRI em termos de inovação das startups. Adicionalmente, um sindicato, quando composto por mais de doze membros, aumenta ainda mais a contribuição para a inovação. As regressões também mostram que ter compatibilidade tecnológica e proximidade geográfica maximiza a produção de inovação do empreendimento. Para dar suporte adicional aos resultados, a amostra foi convertida em outras duas: Pré e Pós-IPO. Os resultados foram semelhantes aos anteriores, excepto a proximidade geográfica que só tem impacto relevante num período Pós-IPO. Estes resultados são robustos, o que significa que quando os períodos de tempo são alterados e/ou as restrições de SIC são diferentes, os resultados são idênticos.

碩士
國立體育大學
休閒產業經營學系碩士班
95
ABSTRACT The widespread attention was given to Porter’s (1980) reflecting its strong intuitive appeal. But because the theory used general terms and could be measured only within the industry where large firms competed (Smith, Guthrie and Chen, 1989), it would be much proper to use the theory proposed by Miles and Snow (2003), which was developed from lots of investigations and analyses of different industries. Therefore, this study empirically examined the relationship between the research and development (R&D) strategies vertically fit the configuration of the strategy and the organizational effectiveness using Miles and Snow’s theory of configuration. This study examined the relationships among business strategy, R&D strategy and organizational effectiveness on two samples based on the same theory and scales. The findings showed, first of all, in computer and vehicle manufacturing industries if the firms adopted prospector of business level strategy, they would have much better organizational effectiveness. Moreover, it is also found that in these two industries, if the firms adopted entrepreneurial R&D system, they would have much better organizational effectiveness. Finally, in the dynamic environment, vertical fit index between business strategy and R&D system would be important factor not only to influence their financial and operational performance but to holistic performance as well. This study also found in relatively stable environment, the firms’ business strategy would be more important than R&D system, and R&D was not the core competency of firms. Thus, this study suggests that the firms in vehicle and computer manufacturing industries carefully adopt appropriate business strategy to adapt environment.

The aim of this thesis was to investigate the use of effect sizes to report the results of statistical credit rating models in a more practical way. Rating systems in the form of statistical probability models like logistic regression models are used to forecast the behaviour of clients and guide business in rating clients as “high” or “low” risk borrowers. Therefore, model results were reported in terms of statistical significance as well as business language (practical significance), which business experts can understand and interpret. In this thesis, statistical results were expressed as effect sizes like Cohen‟s d that puts the results into standardised and measurable units, which can be reported practically. These effect sizes indicated strength of correlations between variables, contribution of variables to the odds of defaulting, the overall goodness-of-fit of the models and the models‟ discriminating ability between high and low risk customers.
Statistics
M. Sc. (Statistics)

The COVID-19 pandemic sprouted a surge of borderless societal modifications. As individuals felt their lifestyles suddenly arriving to a halt, businesses did as well. However, consequential of corporations’ involvement in socially responsible practices growth, individuals have sprinkled these with added responsibility to take action in easing the effects of the pandemic. This research addresses the socially responsible corporate practice of Cause-Related Marketing and seeks to fill the gaps in the literature by uncovering if or how a cause’s temporal orientation (immediate vs ongoing) sways consumers’ behaviours, taking into consideration the involving society’s current pandemic standpoint. In order to study the detected gaps, two distinct causes: Banco Alimentar Contra a Fome (immediate cause) and Liga Portuguesa Contra o Cancro (ongoing cause); are assessed. Relying on the use of partial least squares structural equation modelling and a total of 300 consumers’ answers, a myriad of deductions are extracted. Results show that there will be an impact on Cause-Related Marketing, since consumers’ behaviour are set to change as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, it is found a contrast in consumers’ responses to a Cause-Related Marketing campaign depending on the temporal orientation of the cause. For instance, in an ongoing cause the higher the brand-cause fit the higher the attitudes toward the Cause-Related Marketing campaign will be, and the higher the cognitive flexibility of their consumers the higher the impact on purchase intentions.
A pandemia de COVID-19 gerou uma onda de modificações sociais sem fronteiras. À medida que os indivíduos sentiam que o seu estilo de vida abrandava repentinamente, as empresas também o sentiram. No entanto, como consequência do crescente envolvimento das corporações nas práticas socialmente responsáveis, os indivíduos pressionaram-nas para tomarem medidas de modo a aliviar os efeitos da pandemia. Esta pesquisa aborda a prática corporativa de Marketing de Causas e procura preencher as lacunas encontradas na literatura propondo a descoberta de como, ou se, a orientação temporal de uma causa (imediata vs contínua) influencia o comportamento dos consumidores; tendo em consideração a pandemia em que a sociedade se encontra envolvida, atualmente. De modo a estudar as lacunas detectadas, duas causas distintas: Banco Alimentar Contra a Fome (causa imediata) e a Liga Portuguesa Contra o Cancro (causa contínua); são analisadas. Tendo por base o uso de modelagem de equação estrutural partial least squares e um total de 300 respostas de consumidores, várias deduções são extraídas. Os resultados demonstram que haverá um impacto da pandemia no Marketing de Causas, uma vez que o comportamento dos consumidores se alterou. Além disso, é encontrado um contraste nas respostas dos consumidores a uma campanha de Marketing de Causas, dependendo da orientação temporal da causa. Por exemplo, numa causa contínua, quanto maior o fit entre a marca e a causa, maiores serão as atitudes em relação à campanha de Marketing de Causas, e quanto maior a flexibilidade cognitiva dos consumidores, maior será o impacto nas intenções de compra.