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Palma, Mary Ann. "Analysis of the adequacy of the Philippine legal, policy, and institutional framework to combat illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing." Access electronically, 2006. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20070320.121526/index.html.
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Sodik, Dikdik Mohamad. "Combating illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing in Indonesian waters the need for fisheries legislative reform /." Access electronically, 2007. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20080905.114951/index.html.
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Finley, Mary Carmel. "The tragedy of enclosure fish, fisheries science, and U.S. foreign policy, 1920-1960 /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2007. http://nsgl.gso.uri.edu/casg/casgy07001.pdf.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2007.Title from first page of PDF file (viewed January 9, 2008). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Freeman, Matthew Alan. "Economic decisions in quota and lecense fishery management plans /." View online ; access limited to URI, 2009. http://0-digitalcommons.uri.edu.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/AAI3378084.
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Walshe, Kim A. R. "The fisheries' trinity : re-conceptualising New Zealand's inshore fisheries management /." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/5657.
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This thesis is the culmination of 35 years of fisheries management experience shaped by reflections and academic study. While New Zealand is often positioned as an acclaimed success with the development and application of the Quota Management System, this thesis outlines some of the serious flaws that underpin current trajectories. Tensions have been created by the Ministry of Fisheries focusing almost exclusively on developing solutions for New Zealand's fisheries policy and management problems through the commercial sector management regime. The 'command and control' management approach sits uneasily with the 'rights-based' management regime in the commercial fishery and the common property resource management regime in the customary Maori fishery.This study attempts to identify how the management of New Zealand inshore fisheries could be improved by using an integrated approach - a trinity of fisheries (institutions, rights, and governance) to manage all three sectors (commercial, recreational and customary Maori). The international literature provides a narrow view of fisheries policy and management in New Zealand and the discussion is strongly oriented around a limited range of issues - particularly commercial fisheries and a 'rights-based' approach. Drawing on a depth of experience in both central policy development and fisheries management (particularly in the Auckland Fisheries Management Area), four arguments are identified: Firstly, that New Zealand's fisheries management policies for both commercial and non-commercial fisheries management have been largely based on the commercial fishery. Secondly, that the international literature is heavily skewed towards issues and events in the commercial fishery without adequate recognition of the non-commercial (customary Maori and recreational) fisheries. Thirdly, that the three fisheries in the inshore waters cannot be managed effectively unless the management of all sectors is integrated under a common policy and management framework. And finally, that the 'rights-based' focus is faltering because of inadequate and inappropriate institutions and governance. The trajectories of the three inshore wild harvest sectors (commercial, recreational, and customary Maori) are explored, with a particular interest on how they influence and impact on each other. The primary focus of the analysis is the role that institutions, rights and governance play on the management and development of the three sectors. The thesis concludes with a chapter on the current positioning of institutions, rights, and governance within a three-sector trajectory and suggests tentative principles which could be used in New Zealand's inshore wild stock fisheries to build an integrated policy and management. It concludes that New Zealand's inshore fishery requires a re-conceptualisation to a governance approach, based on ecosystem management. A common management approach across all sectors of fisheries can be achieved by incorporating a wider institutional framework than a rights-based approach and moving beyond a focus on harvesting alone.
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Koehler, Gerd. "The Regional Advisory Councils in the Common Fisheries Policy : stakeholder participation between management and democracy." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2015. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=225788.
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The North Sea Regional Advisory Council serves as a case study. Established during the 2002 Common Fisheries Policy, the North Sea Regional Advisory Council (NSRAC) offers stakeholder participation in the decision-making process. Its establishment was to some extent an experiment based on a leap of faith that better governance could help the ailing fisheries policy. A short analysis reveals the shortcomings of the previous fisheries policy, all of which root in the discrepancy between political motivation and legal objectives. The 'Tragedy of the Commons' suggests that democracy might indeed not be perfect for fisheries management. Past decision-making procedures in the European Community lent themselves to state competition and 'tragic' decision-making in the Council. In this situation, Regional Advisory Councils were hoped by some to provide self-regulation fora. EC/ EU constitutional law prevents this. The Common Fisheries Policy requires balancing of highly diverse interests. The NSRAC is not suited for such balancing, due to its (enshrined) industry majority. Nevertheless the NSRAC has already made valuable contributions and offers some potential for more. The double-bind between decision-makers and grass roots fishermen incentivises industry representatives in the NSRAC to propose conservation measures. They are less inclined to be hard-handed on the industry, though. NSRAC members stepped beyond 'stalling tactics' with regard to scientific assessments and proactively support them. In return, the decision-making system needs to acknowledge NSRAC commitment and provide sufficient funds.
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Lee, Ching-yee Elsa. "Critical evaluation of the role of artificial reefs in fisheries management in Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk:8888/cgi-bin/hkuto%5Ftoc%5Fpdf?B23426925.
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Thummachua, Smith. "Prospects for sub-regional cooperation in the management and conservation of shared fishery resources in the Gulf of Thailand /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5359.
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Mbane, Nontuthuzelo Nosisa. "The South African marine fisheries policy since 1994." Thesis, Cape Technikon, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1664.
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Dissertation (MTech( Public Management))--Cape Technikon, Cape Town, 2004Marine resources play a major role in sustaining the economy and social development of the nation and contribute to national economy, to employment and security of the local community. The South African fisheries management was conducted largel)' with political default. This denied most fishers access to marine resources. Since the democratic election of 1994, the government was left with the challenge to re-allocate rights in a way that would ensure that the under-presentation of historical disadvantaged individuals (HDl's) in the fishing industry would be corrected. The laws and regulations related to marine fisheries were also revised. The Marine Living Resources Act, No. 18 of 1998 attempted transformation in the fishing industry but lacked clear guidelines which led to litigation and crises in the fishing industry as many fishers were unhappy with the whole process. Marine fisheries policy was established and published in 1997 to address those historical imbalances by introducing the fishing right system of allocating rights to represent the national demographics of the country. This report seeks to describe the theory of the South African fishing industry, policy developments and the current status of permit allocation in South Africa. It will also examine the effectiveness in the implementation of the marine fisheries policy for South Africa. It will focus on the distribution of marine resources for commercial fishing purposes.
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Bwalya, Samuel Mulenga. "The experimental analysis of the political economics of fisheries governance /." View online ; access limited to URI, 2005. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/dlnow/3188837.
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Xue, Guifang. "China's response to international fisheries law and policy national action and regional cooperation /." Access electronically, 2004. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/369.
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Cheong, So-Min. "Korean fishing communities in transition : institutional change and coastal development /." Thesis, online access from ProQuest databases online access from Digital Dissertation Consortium access full-text, 2001. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/pqdiss.pl?3036456.
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Blundon, Joy. "Co-management and the Eastport lobster fishery." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ42352.pdf.
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Mather, Diarmid John. "Fishing rights, redistribution and policy : the South African commercial T.A.C. fisheries." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007531.
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The main objective of this thesis is to provide an analysis of the economic logic behind fisheries policy and redistribution in South African. An examination of the institutional and organizational evolution reveals that South African fisheries policy followed the world trend in the movement toward quota management systems. However, it is argued that due to the peculiarities of the Apartheid political system, South Africa developed a unique and persistent structure of individual fishing rights that resulted in a transfer of power from the fisher to monopsonistic, and subsequently vertically integrated, fish processing companies. Problems, however, arose with the need to redistribute fishing rights to previously repressed racial groups. It is proposed that, within a specific form (TAC), the structure of individual fishing rights can be decomposed into four operational rules, namely, the right of participation, asset size, tradability and duration of term. Policy design is restricted to a feasible set of rules that impact on the flexibility of the system, the incentives facing private fishing companies and fishers, the efficiency of the fisheries management plan and finally the effect it has on a redistribution strategy. Within this analytical framework, South Africa's policy yields a very flexible system favourable to monopsonistic industrial organisation. However, by adding a redistribution constraint, this structure has a number of important effects. First, as new quota holders are added the information costs for effective fisheries management increase exponentially. Second, the transaction costs to private fishing companies are increased. Third, only the resource rent is redistributed (weak redistribution). Next, the micro to small vessel fisheries, the medium vessel fisheries and the large vessel fisheries are examined separately. The major aim is to determine, within the available data, the effect that a weak redistribution policy (redistribution of the resource rent), has on strong redistribution (redistribution of fishing capital and skills). The evidence definitely supports the analytical framework and suggests that fundamentally the structure of individual fishing rights, which evolved in response to a monopsonistic industrial organisation during the apartheid era in South Africa, works against strong redistribution. Also, that different fisheries face different constraints and that these should in certain instances be treated separately.
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Smith, Roger. "Japan's international fisheries policy : the pursuit of food security." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670139.
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Cahill, Paul C. "The economics of fisheries and fisheries management : a partial review." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63301.
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Payne, Brian J. "Fishing the Borderlands: Government Policy and Fishermen on the North Atlantic." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2001. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/PayneBJ2001.pdf.
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Dutney, Luke. "Reproductive Biology and Controlled Reproductive Development of Captive Cobia (Rachycentron canadum)." Thesis, Fisheries Research and Development Corporation, 2016. http://era.daf.qld.gov.au/id/eprint/8755/.
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Cobia aquaculture began in Australia in 2007; however, expansion of commercial production has been limited, due in part to low and inconsistent supply of seed stock for ongrowing. This study aimed to address the constraints of reproductive performance of cobia in captive conditions and investigate strategies to improve the efficiencies of broodstock management in commercial and research facilities.
In a study evaluating the growth of three cohorts of captive reared cobia, to determine the existence and extent of sexually dimorphic growth, intersex development in cobia was identified and recorded for the first time. There was no sexually dimorphic growth in the first two cohorts of fish. In contrast, females from third cohort were significantly larger than males once mean body weight exceeded 2 kg. It is proposed that the observed variations in growth and gonad malformations observed in cohorts 1 and 2 were the result of exposure to endocrine disruptors, the type and source of which remains unknown.
In order to quantify the ovarian development of cobia, there was a need to develop an accurate method of assessing and quantifying ovarian maturation in the presence of asynchronous development. A simple, commercially applicable methodology was devised that used the proportional distribution of different oocyte stages to describe the developmental state of the ovary.
Two trials were conducted to examine the effect of repeated injections of luteinising hormone releasing hormone analogue (LHRHa) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) on stimulating vitellogenesis, supporting ovarian maturation and levels of circulating 17βestradiol (E2). Ovarian development was highly variable within treatments and those fish that initiated vitellogenesis continued to develop regardless of treatment with exogenous hormones. There was no change in E2 concentrations as a result of LHRHa injections and limited evidence to suggest a change in plasma E2 in response to hCG injection. While iv hormonal therapy is effective in inducing spawning in cobia, the results suggest that hormone therapy is not an effective approach to initiating or supporting early stage ovarian development in cobia.
Two cohorts of cobia broodstock were assessed to examine ovarian development and circulating E2 in response to photothermal manipulation. In each study, broodstock were subjected to either a temporally compressed regime or an ambient regime. In the first study ovarian development was generally limited, irrespective of the phototherm regime and there was no significant difference in development between treatments. At the completion of the second trial there was no significant difference in ovarian development between the compressed and ambient phototherm; however, fish in the compressed phototherm were found to develop earlier in the season than those in ambient conditions. Fish in the first trial showed sporadic development in which ovarian samples contained low numbers of late stage oocytes amongst a large percentage of previtellogenic oocytes, possibly due to exposure to endocrine disruption in the early life history of the cohort.
Two cohorts of captive reared cobia were progressively examined as pre- and postpubescent fish to examine the suitability of identifying gender by analysing the androgen 11-ketotestosterone (11KT) in blood and fin clip samples. The gender of individual cobia could be identified by analysing plasma 11KT between the months of October and March, provided the mean population weight was 2 kg or above. The measurement of 11KT concentrations in fin clip samples did not provide an accurate indication of plasma 11KT and as such, was not suitable for predicting gender in cobia. Overall the relative cost, infrastructure and equipment required to conduct steroid analysis limits the application of this methodology in commercial cobia production in comparison to the traditional method of gonadal biopsy.ref:68ga4
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Ellis, David W. "Perspectives on policy in the British Columbia salmon fisheries." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27875.
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The principal focus of this comparative-historical study is the fundamental differences in the perspectives of the Indian, commercial, and sportfishing user groups. A second focus is the differences in outlook of the professions involved in the management of the fisheries, and how their management paradigms have developed over time. Evidence is presented on the social history of the fisheries, including their regulatory history and the manager-user relationship.
Using the rich material presented by the participants in the Pearse Commission as a primary source, the perspectives of user and manager are outlined. In particular, the views users expressed on the emotional policy issue of TURFs are defined. A comparison of these views clarifies the major interests within the fisheries. Observation of the interactions between the user groups and regulatory authorities, both during and after the Commission, reveals the ability of these interest groups to lobby very effectively within the Canadian democratic system.
The major social conflicts within the fisheries that are representative of the importantly different perspectives are: culture conflict, sportfishing/commercial fishing conflict, political ideological conflict, and conflict between profession frames. The most serious conflict is between Indians and other resource users. Indians have sought legal recognition of existing aboriginal rights in fishing, involving increased allocations to Indian users; other users greatly fear displacement as the resources are reallocated. As independent "co-management" planning procedures are being carried on simultaneously between Indian bands and government, and between commercial and sport groups and government, the objectives of the two often conflict. The result is a management and allocation process that remains extremely volatile and subject to such intensive lobbying that rational planning is difficult.
The fisheries management and planning process could benefit from the greater inclusion of the social sciences, a move which would help describe with greater accuracy the complex human components of the fisheries. Such an approach would also seek to develop the potential of mediation and negotiation as a means of integrating a number of rational, professional frameworks with user group perspectives, and would imply a continuance in the recent shift from centralist to intermediary planning.
It is suggested that crucial management decisions relating to "endangered" stocks of salmon be delegated to councils of professional biologists, for in such cases it is important that lobbying processes not be allowed to compromise conservation principles. Also, economists should assume management roles that can better accommodate, in the processes of policy making, the heavy overlay of politically-important social policies inherent in the fisheries.
To date, intense negotiation and bargaining processes, involving both user groups and the management professions, have been effectively conducted on both a public and private level. These processes have promoted ongoing social learning which has had a positive effect within the B.C. salmon fisheries (examples are the Pearse Commission, MAC, CFIC, PARK, and the Canada/U.S. Treaty). These types of processes appear to lend themselves to the establishment of lasting bio-anthropological contracts, and the subsequent realization of more rational salmon fisheries management.
A planning process focused upon reducing social conflict, through the development of ongoing negotiation processes between the many participants in the fisheries, is considered the most likely to succeed. Not only will this better maintain the generally good record of biological sustainability of the B.C. salmon fisheries, but also it will gradually enable the full development of their considerable economic and social potential.Applied Science, Faculty of
Community and Regional Planning (SCARP), School of
Graduate
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Levieil, Dominique P. "Territorial use-rights in fishing (TURFs) and the management of small-scale fisheries : the case of Lake Titicaca (Peru)." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27435.
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The purpose of this thesis is to evaluate whether the Territorial Use-Rights in Fishing (TURFs) of Lake Titieaca, Peru, are effective in overcoming the common property problem of typical fisheries and therefore whether TURFs may prove valuable as part of a more formal management system. It has recently been argued that TURFs should be incorporated into small-scale fisheries management schemes since they should be effective in controlling fishing effort, in promoting a more equitable distribution of the benefits from fishing and in reducing administrative inefficiencies.
To determine whether TURFs are in fact effective in controlling fishing effort, I examine Lake Titieaca fisheries in Peru. First, I demonstrate the widespread existence of Lake Titicaca's TURFs and their control over the entire shoreline, most of the littoral area and even part of the pelagic area. Second, I document how, in spite of TURFs' illegality, Lake Titieaca shore dwellers are able to combine legal and illegal means to enforce their traditional rights over their fishing areas. Third, by showing that the relative difference between the returns to labour from fishing with those from alternative activities ranges from 50 to more than 100%, I demonstrate that local fishermen capture substantial fishing rents. If one takes into account that most fishing activities are carried out when there is little else to do, this range increases to 90-180%. I thus conclude that Lake Titieaca fisheries have not reached their bioeconomic equilibrium yet and that the predictions of the common property theory do not apply to them. And fourth, I demonstrate that the origins of these rents can be traced to fishermen's membership in TURF-holding communities, their ability to restrict physical access to the shoreline, and the obligations associated with this membership. Among these obligations are the participation in communal projects and celebrations, the fulfillment of administrative or ceremonial responsibilities, and the undertaking of agricultural activities, all of which constrain the amount of household labour available for fishing. In the concluding section, I consider the potential role of TURFs in a formal management context. I show that, in the long term, even formally recognized TURFs would not be sufficient in themselves to prevent overfishing. I therefore propose that Lake Titieaca TURFs be incorporated into a broader, decentralized management strategy which would capitalize on their strengths and promote cooperation between members of shore communities, fisheries scientists and administrators.Applied Science, Faculty of
Community and Regional Planning (SCARP), School of
Graduate
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Brzezinski, Danielle. "Ecological and Policy Implications of Voluntary Participation in Fisheries Management." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2009. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/BrzezinskiD2009.pdf.
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Dennis, Tracey Lee. "Perceptions of history and policy in the Cape Agulhas Area: could history influence policy on small-scale fishing?" Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/2650.
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Magister Philosophiae - MPhilThe principle aim of this study was to gain insights into the perceptions of the people living in the Cape Agulhas Area of South Africa on the issues of small-scale fishing and the historical claims to fishing rights of the communities living in the fishing villages of Struisbaai and Waenhuiskrans. A further aim was to identify the gap between knowledge and the implementation of fishing rights policies by analysing existing policies on small-scale fishing and thereby identifying possible lessons and guidelines for policy formulation. Key focus areas were the historical recollections of people, their knowledge of past, current and proposed fishing legislation and their opinions, recommendations and guidelines regarding new and proposed policies. A qualitative framework was used for this study, using key informants and the taking of life histories. The two fishing communities served as case studies and life histories were documented using semi-structured interviews. The study drew on previous research in historical practices and indigenous knowledge systems and special attention was given to scientific and archaeological research. The policy processes from 1994 to the present were described and themes were identified in the literature and the life histories. The study found that many of the methods used in earlier years is still used today, passed over from generation to generation.
South Africa
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Hirsch, Robb Young, and n/a. "Kindling tikanga environmentalism : the common ground of native culture and democratic citizenship." University of Otago. Department of Geography, 1997. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070530.150425.
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An innovative regime combining native culture and democracy in community fisheries management has crystallized in New Zealand. While researchers have looked into co-management of natural resources between communities and governments, and various studies have isolated indigenous ecologies on one hand and highlighted environmentalism in modern society on another society on another, no substantial research has gauged the opportunities for indigenous peoples and the wider citizenry of democratic-capitalistic societies to collaborate as cultures in concert with the environmental law. The primary research, involving local experimentation, concerns the viability of the novel cooperative endeavor called Taiapure-local fishery. I discovered in the principal trial communities in the North and South Islands that its design is compelling if properly understood. Yet the salience of the regime is hampered by external pressures from the commercial fishing industry, control by central government, and by internal lack of solidarity and trust. I conclude that human relationships and the leadership of local people are the keys to sucess of the New Zealand model and its wider dynamics.
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Hanrahan, Maura. ""We won't even get a sculpin;" the conflict between traditional economic adaptations in Newfoundland and federal government fisheries policy." Ottawa, 1986.
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Goldsmith, William Morris. "Characterizing the Biological Impacts and Human Dimensions of the U.S. East Coast Recreational Atlantic Bluefin Tuna Fishery." W&M ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1530192320.
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Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) are targeted by recreational anglers along the east coast of the United States, and the fishery is thought to be of considerable economic value. However, limited knowledge of the preferences and values of fishery participants impedes the ability of managers to maximize fishery benefits and predict harvest patterns, while an incomplete understanding of post-release mortality hinders efforts to estimate total mortality resulting from the fishery. This dissertation used a multidisciplinary approach that relied heavily on cooperative research with the recreational fishing community to examine these questions. A stated choice survey of private anglers permitted to target bluefin tuna (Chapter II) estimated a fishery consumer surplus of over $14 million in 2015 while revealing striking heterogeneity in angler preferences. Respondents placed a high value on harvesting bluefin tuna, but about half of anglers also valued non-consumptive aspects of bluefin tuna fishing such as catch-and-release. Preference segmentation was largely driven by income and recent bluefin tuna targeting behavior, with high-income anglers who had recently targeted bluefin tuna more likely to belong to the non-consumptive group. These results indicate that liberalization of harvest regulations could result in significant, non-linear increases in effort and harvest should consumptive-oriented anglers decide to re-enter the fishery. A second survey, of Atlantic bluefin tuna fishermen who possess a permit enabling them to fish either commercially or recreationally on a trip-by-trip basis, applied an online contingent sequential stated choice approach to better understand the decision-making of this unique group (Chapter III). Responses indicated that, while some permit holders consistently fish either recreationally or commercially, a substantial proportion of participants change trip type depending on fishery conditions such as prevailing fish size or regulations. The changing behavior of this latter group could potentially result in large shifts in targeting and lead to overages for the commercial handgear sector or recreational sector, and potentially the U.S. bluefin tuna quota as a whole. Lastly, post-release mortality was estimated for juvenile bluefin tuna caught in the increasingly popular light-tackle recreational fishery while also beta testing a newly developed, solar-powered pop-up satellite archival tag designed to enable large-scale, high-precision mortality studies (Chapter IV). Data were only obtained for 15 of 22 deployed tags, with 14 fish demonstrating behavior consistent with survival. One fish was predated upon, likely by a shortfin mako shark, after 17 days, and this was considered a natural rather than a fishing mortality. The low level of estimated post-release mortality, consistent with results from previous studies on different size classes of bluefin tuna caught with various angling gear types, suggests that catch-and-release angling, which Chapter II showed to be highly valued by some anglers, is a viable conservation strategy. Overall, this dissertation provides information regarding both angler preferences and fishery impacts that are of direct relevance to management. Future efforts should be directed to further engaging the recreational bluefin tuna fishing community in order to improve buy-in to management strategies and improve the ability of the United States to maintain fishing mortality within internationally prescribed limits.
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Scott, Tara L. "Accounting for undesirable outputs in productivity measurements: Application to the California-Oregon drift gillnet fishery." W&M ScholarWorks, 2010. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539616845.
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Many production activities typically produce undesirable outputs, e.g., the production of the pollutant sulfur dioxide in the generation of electricity. Traditional economic metrics may overstate the efficiency and productivity of these production activities by failing to account for the undesirable outputs. These omissions can lead to conclusions that are biased against resource conservation and protection. Many fisheries capture their target species concomitantly with undesirable outputs such as bycatch of juvenile fish, marine mammals, sea birds, and sea turtles. One such fishery is the California-Oregon (CA/OR) drift gillnet fishery (DGNF), which incidentally takes protected species, such as sea turtles and marine mammals while harvesting swordfish and thresher shark. Beginning in August of 2001, regulatory measures to reduce the take of endangered species (e.g., leatherback sea turtles) have required the annual closure of an area located between Point Conception and 45?? N. latitude, for the time period August 15 to November 15. This regulatory closure acts as a natural experiment for assessing the impact of the time-area closure on the productivity of the CA/OR DGNF. The three primary purposes of this research were to measure the impact of the 2001 time-area closure on the productivity of the CA/OR DGNF, and to estimate the opportunity cost or shadow price of undesirable outputs. These shadow prices provide lower bound estimates of the social costs of conservation regulations intended to protect endangered leatherback sea turtles and other bycatch species. An alternative method which models the joint production of both desirable and undesirable outputs, the directional output distance function approach, was used to estimate the efficiency and productivity of drift gillnet fishing trips, thus crediting trips with reductions in undesirable harvest and increases in desirable outputs for the time period 1996-2008. By incorporating undesirable harvest into the production process, a more appropriate measure of total factor productivity was calculated than what is provided by traditional productivity measures. The new productivity measure can be used to develop more effective policies designed to maintain or improve a fishery's economic performance. The results indicate that efficiency and productivity measures which ignore undesirable outputs substantially misinterpret the economic performance of economic trips. The model that incorporates undesirable outputs indicates that productivity per trip has been growing by 788 pounds of swordfish over the research period relative to the base year. This is considerably lower than the average growth of 964 pounds when undesirable outputs are ignored and 878 pounds when undesirable outputs are allowed to expand. However, post-closure averages suggest that conventional estimates understate the economic performance of the observed trips. Post-closure productivity growth resulted in an increase of 334 pounds of swordfish harvest when adjusted for undesirable outputs. Average trip shadow prices (per animal captured) revealed a conservation opportunity cost for the reduction of undesirable outputs of &2,500 for marketable discards, &6,600 for unmarketable discards, &28,800 for sea turtles, and &9,800 for marine mammals in forgone composite swordfish and thresher shark revenue.
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Salz, Ronald J. "Investigating saltwater anglers' value orientations, beliefs and attitudes related to marine protected areas : a dissertation /." [Amherst, Mass. : University of Massachusetts], 2002. http://unicorn.csc.noaa.gov/mpa/salz.pdf.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Massachusetts Amherst, 2002."September 2002." Includes bibliographical references (p. 199-207). Also available online in PDF format via the NOAA Coastal Services Center home page.
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Lam, Chun-ho, and 林振豪. "Sustainable fisheries in Hong Kong: an attitude survey." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45013469.
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Stumpf, Klara Helene [Verfasser], and Stefan [Akademischer Betreuer] Baumgärtner. "Sustainability and Justice - Conceptual Foundations and Cases in Biodiversity and Fishery Policy / Klara Helene Stumpf. Betreuer: Stefan Baumgärtner." Lüneburg : Universitätsbibliothek der Leuphana Universität Lüneburg, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1065044097/34.
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Siegfried, Kate I. "Fishery management in data-limited situations : applications to stock assessment, marine reserve design and fish by catch policy /." Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2006. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
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Katara, Isidora. "Teleconnection patterns and fisheries-environment interactions : case-studies from the Mediterranean." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2009. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=136693.
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The impact of climate on fisheries resources has become a focal point for fisheries research. The objective of this thesis is to describe different aspects of the impact of teleconnections on marine ecosystems within the Mediterranean. Chapter I describes interactions between teleconnection patterns and oceanic variability in the Mediterranean. Atmospheric variability over the Atlantic and Eurasian sector forces oceanic circulation in the western Mediterranean, by altering the route of Atlantic storm tracks. The Indian monsoons are found to be related to gyre and upwelling formations in the eastern Mediterranean. Important links between the Mediterranean Oscillation and hemispheric circulation are also discussed. Chapter II studies the impact of atmospheric and oceanic forcing on the spatiotemporal distribution of chlorophyll-a concentration in the Mediterranean. A number of teleconnection indices with an important role in determining chlorophyll-a concentration are identified, especially for coastal areas, upwellings and gyres. Chapter III has an exploratory nature, with common trends in the landings of 41 fish species from the eastern Mediterranean identified and compared to fishing effort or large-scale environmental drivers. Teleconnections over the Atlantic or El Nino-related teleconnections, filtered by local SST and wind variability, are highlighted as driving forces behind some of the observed common landing trends. Chapter IV focuses on the biological complex of two commercial species, anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) and sardine (Sardina pilchardus). The results suggest that the West African Summer Monsoon, the East Atlantic Jet and the Pacific North American teleconnection patterns have a consistent correlation with anchovy and sardine distribution and abundance. Relationships between oceanic circulation in the Mediterranean and atmospheric variability over the neighbouring oceanic and continental masses were described and linked to biological variability. Oceanic structures that interrupt the oligotrophic regime of the area are affected by teleconnection patterns and in turn they influence fisheries productivity. Interactions between teleconnection patterns and fisheries can explain a large proportion of the observed fluctuations in marine resources and synchronicity between species and locations. The processes modulating the effects of climatic forcing vary at fine spatiotemporal scales, the different characteristics and habitat requirements of the species and interactions between the species. Further research is essential in order to delineate these effects and improve the management of marine resources in the persistently over-exploited environment of the Mediterranean Sea.
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Skinder, Carolyn F. "Marine Protected Areas in the Gulf of Maine: Policy for a Common Resource." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2002. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/SkinderCF2002.pdf.
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Meehan, Brendan. "A historical analysis of the West Coast rock lobster fishery in South Africa with forward-looking implications for policy." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11467.
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Includes bibliographical references.The newly formed Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) began collecting data on fisheries in the early 1950s. At this time, the industry faced a period of extremely rapid expansion. Throughout the 1950s and 1960s the growth of yields far exceeded human population growth while fisheries remained largely intact.
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Lee, Ching-yee Elsa, and 李靜儀. "Critical evaluation of the role of artificial reefs in fisheries management in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31254986.
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Urquhart, Ian Thomas. "Interdependence, state competition, and national policy : regulating the British Columbia and Washington Pacific salmon fisheries, 1957-1984." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27555.
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This study explores the politics of regulating the British Columbia and Washington commercial salmon fisheries between 1937 and 1984. The principal focus of this comparative-historical study is upon one particularly striking exception to the tendency of regulators to tighten commercial salmon fishing restrictions over time - the persistence of liberal offshore trolling regulations. The dissertation argues that the anomalous treatment of the offshore troll fishery during this period may be ascribed to the competition between states for the right to harvest salmon - a common property resource.
In making this claim, the study questions the adequacy of the interest-group driven explanations of policy which figure prominently in the literature on regulation. Two pillars of interest group theory, the tendencies to explain national policy only through reference to domestic politics and to reduce state behaviour to little more than the product of the demands of private sector interests, are challenged in this comparative case study.
The challenge to the first tendency of interest group theory is sustained by examining the relations between national regulatory preferences and the foreign fishery policy goals of Canada and the United States. The pursuit of two goals - Asian exclusion and North American equity - in bilateral and multilateral negotiations demanded the adoption of particular regulatory profiles. Liberal offshore troll regulations may be explained according to the legitimacy and bargaining advantages they lent to Canadian and American efforts to incorporate these two goals into modifications to the traditional fishery regime.
The study also suggests that, in a setting characterized by intergovernmental competition, regulatory policies may not always be equated with the preferences of interested private parties. In this setting the state's ability or willingness to respond to even the most influential private sector interests may be limited by the state's evaluation of its bargaining resources and requirements. State competition created a context where government attitudes towards offshore salmon fishing could be understood in terms of state preferences, preferences derived from officials' perceptions of the legitimacy of various national regulatory policies in the context of valued international institutions.
While state competition is the centrepiece of the explanation of national fishery policy developed in this study its explanatory power is mediated by two intervening institutional variables - the capacities of states to formulate and implement policies and the structure of the international regime itself. The level of knowledge regarding the salmon resource played an instrumental role in the formulation of regime goals and of pertinent national policies. The extent to which state management in offshore waters was fragmented between different bureaus affected the ability of officials to adopt national policies which suited their international purposes. The redistribution of the American state's fishery management capacity in the 1970s was a catalyst for the severe restrictions visited upon Washington trailers at that time.
A second institutional factor, the structure of the international fishery regime, also mediated the competition between states. The series of reciprocal fishing privileges agreements between Canada and the United States was particularly important in maintaining established offshore regulatory preferences during the 1970s when the clash between American and Canadian salmon fishery perspectives was intensifying.Arts, Faculty of
Political Science, Department of
Graduate
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Daley, Christopher C. "An overview of the Newfoundland sealing industry, the animal rights movement and resource management issues currently facing the Newfoundland seal fishery." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0004/MQ42364.pdf.
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Holmes, Catherine Ann. "Healthy marketplaces : insights into policy, practice and potential for health promotion /." View thesis, 2003. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20031031.160623/index.html.
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Lipschitz, Steven. "Pollution control investment decisions and policy preferences of senior managers of the Southern African fish processing industry." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17268.
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Bibliography: pages 134-147.Pollution control regulations directed at the land-based factories of the Southern African fish processing industry do not appear to promote the required level of investment in pollution control systems. Two self-administered mail-questionnaires comprising undisguised fixed-alternative and open-ended questions were constructed to survey the opinions and viewpoints of a census consisting of twenty-seven senior managers responsible for making pollution control investments in the demersal and pelagic sectors of the fish processing industry. The first questionnaire was directed at establishing the relative importance of factors that influence waste and pollution control investment decisions as well as the perceptions and preferences of managers with regard to various pollution control policy options. Descriptive statistics such as the modal class were used to summarize the distribution of opinions and viewpoints within the research population. Rank ordered preference data was analyzed using a multidimensional unfolding computer algorithm. This structural multivariate statistical method is a special case of non-metric multidimensional scaling that generates perceptual maps which can aid in the discovery of the hidden structure underlying multidimensional decisions. Investments in waste and pollution control do not appear to have a high priority when compared to other strategic investments that the fish processing industry managers may make. The relative importance of factors that could influence the managers of the industry to invest in waste control equipment appear to be determined by the perceived financial returns that can be expected from such investments. Findings suggest that pollution control legislation is rendered ineffective due to inadequate enforcement. However, it appears that existing legislation needs to be rationalized in order to facilitate compliance. The most favoured pollution control instruments were those that lowered the cost of legally mandated expenses such as subsidies and income tax allowances. These were followed by permit systems which specified the allowable characteristics of discharges while allowing individual companies freedom of choice as to the method of achieving compliance. The second questionnaire was used to verify the researcher's interpretation of the findings and preliminary conclusions drawn from the replies to the first questionnaire.
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San, Cristóbal Mateo José Ramón. "Metodologías para el análisis del sector pesquero: una aplicación a Cantabria." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Cantabria, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/10598.
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La gestión de los recursos es un proceso complejo que requiere un análisis multidisciplinar amplio. Ello supone no sólo preservar los recursos, sino también procurar una actividad sostenible para el sector económico que los explota. Es necesario analizar los factores socioeconómicos e institucionales que afectan al desarrollo del sector pesquero, que permitan determinar los niveles sostenibles de producción, renta y empleo regionales; así como garantizar una aplicación equitativa tanto de ayudas como de medidas restrictivas, que impidan un reparto y desarrollo desigual de las flotas de las regiones y países afectados. De acuerdo con lo indicado anteriormente, son numerosas las publicaciones que avalan de forma incuestionable la transcendencia del sector pesquero en la actividad económica regional, aunque de forma cualitativa. Sin embargo, desde el punto de vista cuantitativo son escasos los trabajos publicados que evalúen la magnitud de dichas trascendencia en cuanto a los impactos socioeconómicos que dicha actividad pudiera originar en la economía regional. Asimismo no se conocen modelos que expliquen el comportamiento de la actividad pesquera aplicable a todas las regiones y tampoco indicadores con lo que evaluar las diferencias, tecnológicas y productivas, que pudieran darse con otros sectores pesqueros. Por todo ello, el objetivo del presente trabajo es formalizar una metodología para el análisis económico del sector pesquero y, empíricamente, determinar para Cantabria modelos que expliquen el comportamiento de la flota extractiva, multiplicadores que midan su impacto socioeconómico en la economía regional e indicadores de desigualdad que evalúen sus diferencias con otros sectores pesqueros.
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Wright, Miriam Carol. "Newfoundland and Canada : the evolution of fisheries development policies, 1940-1966 /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/nq23114.pdf.
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Harvey, Janell M. "Protecting Biscayne an analysis of strategies for the protection of Biscayne National Park /." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000530.
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Mueller-Fischler, Falco. "Assessing the impact of new Individual Vessel Quota legislation on the sustainability of the Peruvian anchoveta fishery." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-92528.
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The Peruvian anchoveta fishery was for nearly 60 years characterized by the unsustainable dynamics of open access resource pools. This thesis investigates whether the 2009 Peruvian Legislative Decree 1084 on Individual Vessel Quotas (IVQ's) is an effective response to the industrial overcapacity and race-to-fish problems that threatened the environment before its implementation. It employs Common-Pool Resource theory to assess the impact of the new IVQ scheme on collective dynamics, and Ribot and Peluso's access theory (2009) to elucidate evolving power relations in the fishery. In this framework, DL1084 is evaluated as a regulatory instrument, as a lens on fisheries governance in Peru, and as a source of insight into how environmental impact serves in developing regulations of natural resource exploitation. A triangulated mixed-method design is employed: (1) a two-stream literature review of fisheries management and of the fishery's political ecology; (2) a quantitative analysis of daily state-published landings reports; and (3) seven in-depth intensive interviews with key actors in the fishery, conducted in Peru over two field-trips of approximately 2 months in total. Results indicate that although IVQ's supported existing trends towards large-scale economic efficiency and altered extreme competitive strategies previously associated with open access, fishing companies have built larger ships, favour bigger catches and still concentrate fishing effort around a given annual peak. Meanwhile, capacity has again increased in the unregulated artisanal fishery sector. DL1084 appears to reflect a broader process of growing private sector involvement in managing the fishery, made official by its institutionalization of market self-regulation. Ultimately, it evidences deep structure and capacity limitations in the state's ability to govern marine resources. The law was nevertheless seen as a landmark for the environmental legal process in Peru and an opportunity for reform. This thesis suggests that studying such legislations can provide insight into state identity and the evolving relationship between a nation and its geography.Durante casi 60 años, la pesquería peruana de anchoveta estaba caracterizada por las dinámicas insostenibles de la explotación de recursos de propiedad común en situación de acceso abierto. Esta tesis investiga si el Decreto Legislativo Peruano 1084 (DL1084) sobre Límites Máximos de Captura por Embarcación (LMCE) es una respuesta efectiva a los problemas de sobrecapacidad industrial y de carrera por el recurso que amenazaban el ambiente antes de su aplicación en 2009. Se basa en la teoría de los Recursos de Propiedad Común (Common-Pool Resource theory) para evaluar el impacto del nuevo modelo de gestión por LMCE sobre las dinámicas colectivas, y en la teoría del Acceso de Ribot y Peluso (2009) para trazar la evolución de las relaciones de poder en la pesquería. En este marco, el DL1084 es evaluado como herramienta regulatoria, como lente sobre la gobernanza pesquera en el Perú y como reflejo del proceso por el cual el impacto ambiental sirve como base para el desarrollo de regulaciones sobre el acceso a recursos naturales. Sigue un diseño triangulado de métodos combinados: (1) una revisión de literatura en dos ramas de la gestión de pesquería como campo general y de la ecología política de la pesquería de anchoveta; (2) un análisis cuantitativo de los informes diarios de desembarques publicados por el estado (IMARPE); y (3) siete entrevistas intensivas de fondo con actores claves en la pesquería, realizadas en Perú durante dos visitas de aproximadamente dos meses en total. Los resultados indican que a pesar de que los LMCE soportaron una tendencia existente hacia una eficiencia económica de mayor escala y alteraron las estrategias competitivas extremas asociadas con el acceso abierto, las empresas pesqueras han construido embarcaciones más grandes, favorecen capturas de mayor tamaño y todavía concentran su esfuerzo pesquero alrededor de un pico anual de abundancia. En paralelo, ha aumentado la capacidad de captura en el sector artesanal, el cual no cuenta con límites de captura. El DL1084 aparece como parte de un proceso más general de creciente involucramiento del sector privado en el manejo de la pesquería, haciéndolo oficial por su misma institucionalización de la autorregulación del mercado. Por último, pone en evidencia profundas limitaciones de estructura y de capacidad en el estado en cuanto a cómo gobierna los recursos marinos. La ley ha sin embargo sido vista como un precedente importante para el proceso legislativo ambiental en el Perú así como una oportunidad para impulsar otras reformas. Esta tesis sugiere que el estudio de tales legislaciones puede ofrecer una mirada sobre los procesos de formación de la identidad de un estado y sobre la evolución de la relación entre una nación y su geografía.
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Yamanouchi, Yasuhide. "Kōshō no honshitsu kaiyō rejīmu no tenkan to Nihon gaikō /." Tōkyō : Tōkyō Daigaku Shuppankai, 1995. http://books.google.com/books?id=GXBpJsNdWbEC.
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Sauls, Beverly J. "Relative Survival of Gags Mycteroperca microlepis Released Within a Recreational Hook-and-Line Fishery: Application of the Cox Regression Model to Control for Heterogeneity in a Large-Scale Mark-Recapture Study." Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4940.
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The objectives of this study were to measure injuries and impairments directly observed from gags Mycteroperca microlepis caught and released within a large-scale recreational fishery, develop methods that may be used to rapidly assess the condition of reef fish discards, and estimate the total portion of discards in the fishery that suffer latent mortality. Fishery observers were placed on for-hire charter and headboat vessels operating in the Gulf of Mexico from June 2009 through December 2012 to directly observe reef fishes as they were caught by recreational anglers fishing with hook-and-line gear. Fish that were not retained by anglers were inspected and marked with conventional tags prior to release. Fish were released in multiple regions over a large geographic area throughout the year and over multiple years. The majority of recaptured fish were reported by recreational and commercial fishers, and fishing effort fluctuated both spatially and temporally over the course of this study in response to changes in recreational harvest restrictions and the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. Therefore, it could not be assumed that encounter probabilities were equal for all individual tagged fish in the population. Fish size and capture depth when fish were initially caught-and-released also varied among individuals in the study and potentially influenced recapture reporting probabilities. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to control for potential covariates on both the occurrence and timing of recapture reporting events so that relative survival among fish released in various conditions could be compared.
A total of 3,954 gags were observed in this study, and the majority (77.26%) were released in good condition (condition category 1), defined as fish that immediately submerged without assistance from venting and had not suffered internal injuries from embedded hooks or visible damage to the gills. However, compared to gags caught in shallower depths, a greater proportion of gags caught and released from depths deeper than 30 meters were in fair or poor condition. Relative survival was significantly reduced (alpha (underline)<(/underline)0.05) for gags released in fair and poor condition after controlling for variable mark-recapture reporting rates for different sized discards among regions and across months and years when individual fish were initially captured, tagged and released. Gags released within the recreational fishery in fair and poor condition were 66.4% (95% C.I. 46.9 to 94.0%) and 50.6% (26.2 to 97.8%) as likely to be recaptured, respectively, as gags released in good condition. Overall discard mortality was calculated for gags released in all condition categories at ten meter depth intervals. There was a significant linear increase in estimated mortality from less than 15% (range of uncertainty, 0.1-25.2%) in shallow depths up to 30 meters, to 35.6% (5.6-55.7%) at depths greater than 70 meters (p < 0.001, R2 = 0.917). This analysis demonstrated the utility of the proportional hazards regression model for controlling for potential covariates on both the occurrence and timing of recapture events in a large-scale mark-recapture study and for detecting significant differences in the relative survival of fish released in various conditions measured under highly variable conditions within a large-scale fishery.
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Rivera, Valle Silvia. "Contribution à la conception d´un modèle de politique publique de développement durable pour les zones côtières pauvres : le cas de la région du Sinaloa (Mexique) et du rôle des coopératives de pêcheurs artisanaux traditionnels." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LAROD001/document.
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La pêche, activité ancestrale, contribue aux moyens d’existence de 10 à 12% de la population mondiale. La pêche artisanale génère plus de la moitié des captures mondiales et fournit 90% des emplois correspondants. Au Mexique, elle fournit de l’emploi à plus de 350 000 pêcheurs, organisés principalement en coopératives. Au Sinaloa, « terrain » de la thèse, les coopératives de pêcheurs artisanaux se sont progressivement enfoncées dans une crise qui met en péril leur survie. Elles sont soumises à des défis endogènes et exogènes qui se renforcent mutuellement. Les politiques publiques liées à la pêche artisanale privilégient la préservation de l’environnement et ne contribuent pas à la sortie de la pauvreté des populations côtières. La thèse fait l’hypothèse que cette sortie de la pauvreté nécessite des politiques publiques qui prennent appui sur les coopératives de pêcheurs artisanaux et qui intègrent les trois piliers du développement durable : l’environnement, l’économie et les droits humains. Sur la base d’une étude de cas approfondie et pluridisciplinaire, la recherche propose des outils et des pistes pour l’action qui s’articulent autour d’un modèle ad hoc de renforcement des coopératives. Elle propose notamment un outil de diagnostic de celles-ci, et les conclusions suivantes ont été dégagées : 1) leur rôle économique, social et environnemental justifie leur pérennité 2) cette pérennité incombe tant aux coopératives elles-mêmes qu'à d'autres acteurs 3) les politiques publiques environnementales doivent non seulement intégrer les dimensions économiques et socioculturelles concernant la pêche artisanale, mais doivent aussi mettre en place des moyens légaux qui garantiront leur efficacitéFishing, an ancestral activity, contributes to the livelihoods of 10 to 12% of the world's population. Artisanal fisheries generate more than half of the world's catches and provide 90% of the corresponding jobs. In Mexico, it provides employment to over 350,000 fishers, organized mainly in cooperatives. In Sinaloa, the location of the fieldwork, artisanal fisher’s cooperatives have gradually sunk into a crisis that threatens their survival. They are subject to mutually reinforcing endogenous and exogenous challenges. Public policies related to artisanal fisheries that favour the preservation of the environment do not contribute to lifting poverty out of coastal populations. The thesis hypothesizes that poverty exit requires public policies that rely on artisanal fisher's cooperatives and that integrate the three pillars of sustainable development : the environment, the economy and the human rights. On the basis of an in-depth and multidisciplinary case study, the research proposes tools and avenues for action based on an ad hoc model for strengthening cooperatives. In particular, it proposes a tool for diagnosing them, and the following conclusions have been reached : 1) their economic, social and environmental role justifies their perpetuity 2) this perpetuity is the responsibility of both, the cooperatives and other stakeholders 3) environmental public policies must not only integrate the economic and sociocultural dimensions of artisanal fisheries but must also establish legal means to ensure their effectiveness
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Loftus, Molly R. "Coastal Environmental Policies and Water: Environmental Values in Ghana and Senegal." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1082.
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This thesis provides a comparative analysis of the environmental values present in Ghana’s and Senegal’s coastal regions, and the implications that those have for the surrounding environment. The countries approaches to urban farming, mining and oil and gas extraction, fishing, marine debris and municipal waste management are assessed in order to reach a greater understanding of these environmental issues. In undertaking this thesis, I attempted to draw a correlation between the handling of these issues and how people perceive their environment. Through the comparison of environmental degradation and the level of effort to achieve a more sustainable developmental framework in both countries, I draw examples from successes in Senegal’s coastal management framework to recommend appropriate environmental policy for the Greater Accra Region.
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Raemaekers, Serge. "Rethinking South Africa's small-scale fisheries management paradigm and governance approach : evidence from the Eastern Cape." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003921.
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This thesis presents a first analysis of how the South African fisheries authority (MCM) has utilised its fisheries management toolbox and governance framework in response to the emerging biological, economic and social challenges of post-apartheid fisheries in the Eastern Cape Province. Despite recognition of the socio-economic circumstances of traditional subsistence fishers in the region, the national fisheries management authority implemented a 'target resource orientated' management approach similar to that used for South Africa's rights-based commercial fisheries. Anecdotal evidence of entrenched illegal fishing for abalone, spiny lobster, and species targeted by subsistence fishers however suggested that MCM's management approach was encountering serious problems, as the needs and circumstances of inshore fishers and fishing communities were not adequately being understood and addressed. A review of fisheries management literature therefore shaped the hypothesis that an underlying governance problem was responsible for the symptoms of management failure being observed. In this regard, management is seen as more concerned with the technical and regulatory measures of the day-to-day operations of regulated fisheries, while fisheries governance needs to take account of "the sum of legal, social, economic and political arrangements used to manage fisheries ... ". Thus, governance includes policy making and management decision-making, with simultaneous recognition of issues outside of the fisheries sector. It thus appeared that the underlying problem was rather one of broader fisheries governance and inappropriate governance objectives with consequent inappropriate resource management arrangements. This thesis set out to gather evidence to test this hypothesis.
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Gregory, Kieran Benjamin. "Fishers are doing it for themselves? Responsibilisation and the framing of fish habitat rehabilitation and stewardship." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2018. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/122928/2/Kieran_Gregory_Thesis.pdf.
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The aim of this research is to understand the implications of the current framing of fisheries degradation and rehabilitation responsibilities in stewardship policy. By doing so, in this research the discursive strategies used to attribute blame for fish habitat degradation are identified, as is whether there is a dissonance between to whom blame is attributed and the stakeholder groups which the New South Wales Department of Primary Industries (NSW DPI)—the state government agency with policy responsibility for fisheries management—is advocating take responsibility for remedying the problem.
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Rachor, Hornsby Jacquelyn Lee. "Measuring Regulatory and Noncompliance Prevalence Among Maryland Commercial Blue Crab Fishers." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7327.
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Few empirical studies exist that compare regulation (R) and fishing crime (VL). The lack of information about R and VL effects stakeholder decision-making. Crime weakens conservation efforts and creates false baseline data. This furthers R and the cycle repeats. The purpose of this correlational study was to determine the statistical association between the number and type of annual commercial blue crab R and VL of the same. The Pearson's R correlation was used to analyze the data because it demonstrated the strength of each relationship. This quantitative study was grounded in enforcement theory. The data was public record and consisted of the number of R and VL issued yearly from the General Assembly of a Mid Atlantic's State Department of Natural Resources (MD-DNR). The intent was to correlate multiple decades, but the earliest available VL data began in 2009. The analysis uncovered divergent patterns. The correlation coefficient of 0.79644 confirmed laws from 2009 correlated positively with 2010 violations. Further analysis revealed a negative correlation for 2010 and 2011 that was indicated by a negative correlation coefficient of -0.3588 and -0.166. The mean average of VL was 12.5%. As restrictions keep increasing, the economic impact on local communities is substantial. This research has the potential to effect positive changes in restrictive harvest practices, record keeping of VL by Natural Resources of this Mid Atlantic State, and harvest reporting practices by crabbers. Sharing the findings with industry stakeholders may stimulate dialogue among stakeholders that answers why one type of regulation was violated more than another, encourage compliance by industry users, and improve conservation efforts to proliferate blue crab. This research contributes to future investigation of often-neglected variables that compromise conservation of blue crab.
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Pretorius, Graeme. "Big hopes for small-scale fishers: a critical review of South Africa's small-scale fishing policy and regulations." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25400.
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Some 18 years after the enactment of the Marine Living resources Act (18 of 1998), which gives express recognition to the subsistence or small-scale fisheries sector, a regime addressing the needs of this sector has finally been promulgated. That regime consists of the Policy for the Small Scale Fisheries Sector (20 June 2012) in South Africa and the Regulations relating to Small Scale Fishing (8 March 2016). Through a paradigm shift in small-scale fisheries governance, the regime seeks to put an end to the marginalisation and exclusion of these fishers from the fishing rights allocation process that has persisted in the absence of a formal regulatory regime. The Policy for the Small Scale Fisheries Sector purports to adopt and promote a human rights based approach and focuses on food security and livelihood. It seeks to employ co-management of the common pool resources and promote customary practices. It allocates a basket of multi-species rights to community legal entities allowing for a community based resource management with a strong developmental agenda. This paper seeks to reflect on the effectiveness of this regime by critically examining the regime governing the small scale fishing sector against the body of knowledge that has developed internationally regarding successful and effective management of the Small Scale fishing Sector.