Academic literature on the topic 'Fishery policy'

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Journal articles on the topic "Fishery policy"

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Suadi, Z. N. A. Nissa, R. I. Widyana, B. K. D. Atmojo, H. Saksono, and A. D. Jayanti. "Livelihood strategies of two small-scale fisher communities: adaptation strategies under different fishery resource at southern and northern coast of Java." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 919, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/919/1/012010.

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Abstract Small-scale fishers are frequently exposed to a variety of hazards that threaten their livelihood. Different socio-cultural, natural resource, environment conditions potentially create unique vulnerability and livelihood strategies which may exist in different places. Therefore, an investigation in two different fishing communities was carried out to understand the similarities and different of livelihood strategy works in both places. The study was conducted in two small scale fisheries community in village Betahlawang (north of java) and Glagah (south of Java). This research aims to describe livelihood aspects and strategies of fisher communities in both locations under different fishery resource and their dependency on the fishery through systematic surveys. The study showed that both communities are highly dependent on natural capital which mainly the abundance of the fishery resources. Others factors affecting both communities’ sustainable livelihood are the uncertainty in catch, weather and policy, limited capital ownership, access, and knowledge and skills other than fishing. Although the two study sites share some capital similarities, the livelihood vulnerability and their strategy is different. Betahlawang fishers more vulnerable than Glagah fishers because Glagah fishers has more diverse livelihood alternatives.
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Addicott, Ethan T., Kailin Kroetz, Matthew N. Reimer, James N. Sanchirico, Daniel K. Lew, and Justine Huetteman. "Identifying the potential for cross-fishery spillovers: a network analysis of Alaskan permitting patterns." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 76, no. 1 (January 2019): 56–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2017-0550.

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Many fishers own a portfolio of permits across multiple fisheries, creating an opportunity for fishing effort to adjust across fisheries and enabling impacts from a policy change in one fishery to spill over into other fisheries. In regions with a large and diverse number of permits and fisheries, joint-permitting can result in a complex system, making it difficult to understand the potential for cross-fishery substitution. In this study, we construct a network representation of permit ownership to characterize interconnectedness among Alaska commercial fisheries due to cross-fishery permitting. The Alaska fisheries network is highly connected, suggesting that most fisheries are vulnerable to cross-fishery spillovers from network shocks, such as changes to policies or fish stocks. We find that fisheries with similar geographic proximity are more likely to be a part of a highly connected cluster of susceptible fisheries. We use a case study to show that preexisting network statistics can be useful for identifying the potential scope of policy-induced spillovers. Our results demonstrate that network analysis can improve our understanding of the potential for policy-induced cross-fishery spillovers.
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Honarmand Ebrahimi, Sanaz, Marinus Ossewaarde, and Ariana Need. "Smart Fishery: A Systematic Review and Research Agenda for Sustainable Fisheries in the Age of AI." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (May 27, 2021): 6037. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13116037.

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Applications of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies for improving the sustainability of the smart fishery have become widespread. While sustainability is often claimed to be the desired outcome of AI applications, there is as yet little evidence on how AI contributes to the sustainable fishery. The purpose of this paper is to perform a systematic review of the literature on the smart fishery and to identify upcoming themes for future research on the sustainable fishery in the Age of AI. The findings of the review reveal that scholarly attention in AI-inspired fishery literature focuses mostly on automation of fishery resources monitoring, mainly detection, identification, and classification. Some papers list marine health and primary production which are vital dimensions for Large Marine Ecosystems to recycle nutrients to sustain anticipated production levels. Very few reviewed articles refer to assessing individual needs, particularly fishers, from AI deployment in fisheries and policy response from governments. We call for future AI for sustainable fishery studies on how fishers perceive AI needs, and how governments possess a tangible strategy or depth of understanding on the regulation of AI concerning smart fishery systems and research on resilience-enhancing policies to promote the value and potentials of the AI-inspired smart fishery in different locations.
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Macusi, Edison D., Lizel L. Sabino, and Erna S. Macusi. "Closed Season Policy Is Only Partly Practiced in Surigao del Sur, Philippines." World 3, no. 4 (December 16, 2022): 1067–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/world3040061.

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Small-scale fisheries (SSF) make a critical contribution in terms of employment and food security to coastal communities. Fish serves multiple purposes, mainly as a cheap source of protein and minerals for lower-income families. In order to help sustain this demand and to protect fishing resources, the closed season policy, temporal closure, and spatial closure were adopted to protect fish stocks and avoid fishery collapse. To assess the agreement and compliance of the three municipalities (Cortes, Lanuza, and Lianga) in Surigao del Sur to this policy, we surveyed their responses regarding this policy. We used focus group discussions, two focus groups per municipality (N = 80), followed by member checking to gather and clarify the data from six barangays with small-scale fishers (N = 192). The findings indicate that each community in the three municipalities studied have a different method of implementing the fishery closure or closed fishing season policy which resulted in a limited conservation impact on fish stocks. In the municipality of Cortes, 92% agreed with the policy, provided there would be enough money to comply with the policy. In Lanuza, 60% agreed to implement the policy, provided there would be alternative jobs available. In contrast, the municipality of Lianga, which did not implement this policy, had only 4% that agreed to impose the policy to restore depleted fish stocks. Other reasons for not implementing a closed season policy include lack of community organization, poor fishery management, and lack of strong government support for the policy. Moreover, fishers were only willing to stop fishing if they were given a subsidy of PHP 15,000 per month. In the long term, fishers who provide fish protein needs for the nation also need help and attention from policy and decision makers to realize sustainable fisheries.
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PETERSON, ANGELIE M., and SELINA M. STEAD. "Rule breaking and livelihood options in marine protected areas." Environmental Conservation 38, no. 3 (May 9, 2011): 342–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892911000178.

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SUMMARYTwo main drivers of global trends in noncompliance of marine protected areas regulations are food and income security. Declines in fish stocks have resulted in greater concerns for food security, especially in developing and coastal areas, and calls for environmental conservation are growing. Planning of marine protected areas has traditionally been based on biological and ecological data, only recently focusing on the human communities that are significantly dependent on coastal resources. The hypothesis that marine resource use is determined by socioeconomic factors (such as food security and income) and livelihood options was tested in two communities on the island of Rodrigues (Western Indian Ocean). As livelihood development can be a response to fisher displacement by protected areas, willingness towards alternative livelihood options and the differences in this between fisher demographic groups were also examined. Using semi-structured interviews, 72 fishers were surveyed on topics such as fishery and marine protected area (MPA) regulation noncompliance, current livelihoods and willingness to consider alternative livelihoods. Fishers believed Rodrigues fisheries suffer from high levels of noncompliance, owing mainly to a lack of livelihood alternatives and depleted stocks. Rodriguan fishers had low mobility, both within the fishery (for example gear types used and target species) and in movement to occupations outside the fishery. The fishers were generally willing to consider alternate livelihoods. Age was significantly correlated with overall willingness to consider alternative work, while gender and village were found to have a significant relationship with types of work that an individual was willing to consider. Policy makers and marine resource managers need to identify drivers of noncompliant behaviour and examine livelihood preferences at different scales (individual, within and between communities) prior to users being affected by MPA created displacement to more effectively address marine conservation and food security goals. The findings offer new empirical evidence to strengthen support for arguments that could be made by policy makers to demand more balanced consideration of the effects of MPAs on socioeconomic factors along with environmental considerations in communities highly dependent on access to the marine areas that will be affected by MPAs.
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Simfukwe, Kingdom, Moses Majid Limuwa, and Friday Njaya. "Are Chilimira Fishers of Engraulicypris sardella (Günther, 1868) in Lake Malawi Productive? The Case of Nkhotakota District." Sustainability 14, no. 23 (November 30, 2022): 16018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142316018.

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An ecological shift has populated Engraulicypris sardella as a livelihood and economic drive among fishers in Malawi. However, the paucity of biological information regarding E. sardella limits the effective monitoring and sustainable management of the fishery. This has created a heavily invested fishery in terms of the effort put into fishing, but it is poorly managed. Moreover, the current production capacity from the fishery has a negligible impact on lessening the shortfall of the national fish demand, indicating its underperformance. Therefore, the productive efficiency of Lake Malawi Chilimira fishers in exploiting E. sardella was analysed. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to sample 355 Chilimira fishers between July and October 2021. Results from the translog stochastic frontier model revealed that Chilimira fishers had an overall mean technical efficiency of 60% that ranged between 21% and 92%. This indicates that Chilimira fishers are 40% technically inefficient in exploiting E. sardella. The fishing inputs of bunt area, light emitting diode (LED) bulbs, and mesh size significantly contributed to technical efficiency, whereas boat size, fishing depth, number of hauls, and mosquito net lining significantly reduced the technical inefficiency. On average, the Chilimira fishery is operating with increasing returns to scale with bunt area, the quantity of fuel (litres), and the number of LED bulbs having positive input–output elasticity. This means that new developments in the fishery, including LED bulbs, increased bunt area, and boat size, are key factors that will improve fishing efficiency for sustainable fishery exploitation. In contrast, illegal fishing units of small bunt mesh size and mosquito net lining at the bunt threaten the sustainability of the fishery. It is, therefore, important that relevant stakeholders put policy measures in place that promote sustainable fishing effort approaches in exploiting the virgin offshore fishery to maximise catch.
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Maliang, Bambang Indratno Gunawan, and Elly Purnamasari. "ANALISIS EKONOMI USAHA PENANGKAPAN DAN PEMASARAN KEPITING BAKAU (Scylla serrata) DI DESA MUARA BADAK ILIR KECAMATAN MUARA BADAK KABUPATEN KUTAI KARTANEGARA." Jurnal Pembangunan Perikanan dan Agribisnis 3, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 27–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/jppa.v3i1.165.

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The study aims to: (1) analyze estimated profit of mangrove crab fishery at Muara Badak Ilir Village, Muara Badak Subdistrict Kutai Kartanegara Regency; (2) determine marketing channel and efficiency of mangrove crab fishery in the studied area and (3) know main problems faced by crab fishermen related to the ban policy to the capture of mature female and the specified crab species in the area. Results showed that the estimated profit of crab fisher was Rp 7.920.607,14,- /month. In addition, the estimated profit achieved by crab middleman was calculated as Rp 9.682.444,44,-/month. Marketing institutions those involved in the crab business in the village level were fishermen, middlemen and local consumers while retailers, wholesaler, exporter and national and foreign consumers are the remaining institutions those run out of the village. Margin level both fisher and middleman was determined Rp 4.700 with the marketing efficiency level was 86% meaning that the crab market was efficient. The main problems found in the field were the following: the lack of information regarding the ban policy, fishermen faced the increased income due to this policy, the fishermen’sdilemma onthe utilization of the mature female crabs as the natural resources and the lack of policy dissemination to the coastal community concerning the capture ban of mature and the specified crabs. Key words: Economic Analysis, Fishery, Marketing, Mangrove Crab, Muara Badak Ilir
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Pham, Ca-Van, Hui-Cheng Wang, Sheng-Hung Chen, and Jie-Min Lee. "The Threshold Effect of Overfishing on Global Fishery Outputs: International Evidence from a Sustainable Fishery Perspective." Fishes 8, no. 2 (January 24, 2023): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020071.

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Using global fishery outputs from 62 countries during the period 2001–2020, this study applies the threshold panel data model of Hansen (2000) to empirically explore the nonlinear relations between the number of fishing vessels, fishers, and fishery production, with distinct overfishing stocks (overfishing) and fish caught by trawling or dredging techniques (trawling) as the threshold variables. Our findings show that the levels of fishery outputs could be increased by different combinations of primary factors, such as the number of fishing vessels and fishers. More specifically, when the number of fishing vessels and fishermen operating in countries with a high ratio of overfishing (overfishing > 4.4456) increased, their fishery outputs significantly increased as compared with countries with a low percentage of overfishing. As overfishing activities increase, they can result in significant shortages and imbalances of fishery resources, directly influencing fish biomass, biodiversity, and sustainability of fisheries, as well as making destructive fishing practices worse for marine ecosystems. Countries with a relatively high proportion of trawler net usage (trawling > 4.5516) would have significantly lower fishery outputs, as more fishing vessels are invested in them, compared with countries with a low proportion of trawling net use. This implies that trawler net usage is a non-sustainable fishing technique and harms fishery resources. The policy implications of this study indicate that taxing overfished species and implementing trawling regulations could significantly improve species richness and site-based abundance, thus helping to sustain fishery outputs.
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Wei, Xinyi, Qiuguang Hu, and Jintao Ma. "Evaluation on the Effect of Fishery Insurance Policy: Evidence Based on Text Mining." Fishes 6, no. 3 (September 13, 2021): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fishes6030041.

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As a quasi-public product, fishery insurance has become an important starting point for the construction of the modern fishery industry chain, supply chain and value chain risk management mechanism. We used visual data processing methods and text mining technology to screen policy samples. We then built a fishery insurance policy evaluation system based on the Policy Modeling Consistency (PMC) index model. We combined the PMC index score and PMC surface to quantitatively analyze the policy samples. This paper has four important findings: (1) After three adjustments and developments, the fishery insurance policy has grown in terms of initial attention, changes, and development and gradually matured. (2) A gap exists between the content of the fishing insurance policy text and the actual demand. The scoring results of the policy samples are concentrated in the acceptable range, the policy effects are not satisfactory, and the formulation of fishery insurance policies has weak links that need to be improved. (3) The consistency and effectiveness of fishery insurance policies have developed simultaneously with fishery insurance research, and the practical effects of high-quality fishery insurance policies are conducive to the development of theoretical research. (4) The policy text of fishery insurance has major problems, such as missing joint force of issuing institutions, low professionalism of the text, inadequate subdivision guidance of fishery insurance, weak social effectiveness, high dependence on financial subsidies, lack of incentive sustainability and corresponding laws and regulations and reduction in policy feasibility among others. Considering the above issues, this paper puts forward relevant policy optimization paths and safeguard measures on the basis of giving priority to greater absolute value.
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Mome, Masud Ara, and Ragnar Arnason. "Monitoring artisanal hilsa fishery for economic efficient fisheries policy." Bangladesh Journal of Zoology 43, no. 1 (December 29, 2015): 37–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v43i1.26136.

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The hilsa shad (Tenualosa ilisha) fishery contributes to the largest single species fishery in Bangladesh. In this paper, a simple bio-economic year-class based model was developed from 1987 & 2007 fishing data to describe the fishery and examine its properties. With the help of this model, the optimum sustainable yield of the fishery was calculated and compared to the existing situation. The model was further used to locate socially and economically reasonable dynamic paths from the current situation to the optimal state. The results indicate that the fishing effort (measured in standardized boat units) required maintaining a maximum sustainable economic benefit is about one-third of the current fishing effort. At this sustainable fishing effort level, annual net economic benefits from the fishery amounted for closed to US$ 260 million compared to virtually nothing at present. The present value of the fishery along a moderate effort adjustment path to this long term equilibrium position was US$ 3,650 million at 6% rate of discount. The dynamic path that maximized the present value of the fishery involved quite dramatic effort reductions for the first two years. Such a path would probably increase the present value of the fishery by perhaps 8-10%.Bangladesh J. Zool. 43(1): 37-53, 2015
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fishery policy"

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Palma, Mary Ann. "Analysis of the adequacy of the Philippine legal, policy, and institutional framework to combat illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing." Access electronically, 2006. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20070320.121526/index.html.

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Sodik, Dikdik Mohamad. "Combating illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing in Indonesian waters the need for fisheries legislative reform /." Access electronically, 2007. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20080905.114951/index.html.

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Finley, Mary Carmel. "The tragedy of enclosure fish, fisheries science, and U.S. foreign policy, 1920-1960 /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2007. http://nsgl.gso.uri.edu/casg/casgy07001.pdf.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2007.
Title from first page of PDF file (viewed January 9, 2008). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Freeman, Matthew Alan. "Economic decisions in quota and lecense fishery management plans /." View online ; access limited to URI, 2009. http://0-digitalcommons.uri.edu.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/AAI3378084.

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Walshe, Kim A. R. "The fisheries' trinity : re-conceptualising New Zealand's inshore fisheries management /." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/5657.

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This thesis is the culmination of 35 years of fisheries management experience shaped by reflections and academic study. While New Zealand is often positioned as an acclaimed success with the development and application of the Quota Management System, this thesis outlines some of the serious flaws that underpin current trajectories. Tensions have been created by the Ministry of Fisheries focusing almost exclusively on developing solutions for New Zealand's fisheries policy and management problems through the commercial sector management regime. The 'command and control' management approach sits uneasily with the 'rights-based' management regime in the commercial fishery and the common property resource management regime in the customary Maori fishery.This study attempts to identify how the management of New Zealand inshore fisheries could be improved by using an integrated approach - a trinity of fisheries (institutions, rights, and governance) to manage all three sectors (commercial, recreational and customary Maori). The international literature provides a narrow view of fisheries policy and management in New Zealand and the discussion is strongly oriented around a limited range of issues - particularly commercial fisheries and a 'rights-based' approach. Drawing on a depth of experience in both central policy development and fisheries management (particularly in the Auckland Fisheries Management Area), four arguments are identified: Firstly, that New Zealand's fisheries management policies for both commercial and non-commercial fisheries management have been largely based on the commercial fishery. Secondly, that the international literature is heavily skewed towards issues and events in the commercial fishery without adequate recognition of the non-commercial (customary Maori and recreational) fisheries. Thirdly, that the three fisheries in the inshore waters cannot be managed effectively unless the management of all sectors is integrated under a common policy and management framework. And finally, that the 'rights-based' focus is faltering because of inadequate and inappropriate institutions and governance. The trajectories of the three inshore wild harvest sectors (commercial, recreational, and customary Maori) are explored, with a particular interest on how they influence and impact on each other. The primary focus of the analysis is the role that institutions, rights and governance play on the management and development of the three sectors. The thesis concludes with a chapter on the current positioning of institutions, rights, and governance within a three-sector trajectory and suggests tentative principles which could be used in New Zealand's inshore wild stock fisheries to build an integrated policy and management. It concludes that New Zealand's inshore fishery requires a re-conceptualisation to a governance approach, based on ecosystem management. A common management approach across all sectors of fisheries can be achieved by incorporating a wider institutional framework than a rights-based approach and moving beyond a focus on harvesting alone.
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Koehler, Gerd. "The Regional Advisory Councils in the Common Fisheries Policy : stakeholder participation between management and democracy." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2015. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=225788.

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The North Sea Regional Advisory Council serves as a case study. Established during the 2002 Common Fisheries Policy, the North Sea Regional Advisory Council (NSRAC) offers stakeholder participation in the decision-making process. Its establishment was to some extent an experiment based on a leap of faith that better governance could help the ailing fisheries policy. A short analysis reveals the shortcomings of the previous fisheries policy, all of which root in the discrepancy between political motivation and legal objectives. The 'Tragedy of the Commons' suggests that democracy might indeed not be perfect for fisheries management. Past decision-making procedures in the European Community lent themselves to state competition and 'tragic' decision-making in the Council. In this situation, Regional Advisory Councils were hoped by some to provide self-regulation fora. EC/ EU constitutional law prevents this. The Common Fisheries Policy requires balancing of highly diverse interests. The NSRAC is not suited for such balancing, due to its (enshrined) industry majority. Nevertheless the NSRAC has already made valuable contributions and offers some potential for more. The double-bind between decision-makers and grass roots fishermen incentivises industry representatives in the NSRAC to propose conservation measures. They are less inclined to be hard-handed on the industry, though. NSRAC members stepped beyond 'stalling tactics' with regard to scientific assessments and proactively support them. In return, the decision-making system needs to acknowledge NSRAC commitment and provide sufficient funds.
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Lee, Ching-yee Elsa. "Critical evaluation of the role of artificial reefs in fisheries management in Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk:8888/cgi-bin/hkuto%5Ftoc%5Fpdf?B23426925.

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Thummachua, Smith. "Prospects for sub-regional cooperation in the management and conservation of shared fishery resources in the Gulf of Thailand /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5359.

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Mbane, Nontuthuzelo Nosisa. "The South African marine fisheries policy since 1994." Thesis, Cape Technikon, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1664.

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Dissertation (MTech( Public Management))--Cape Technikon, Cape Town, 2004
Marine resources play a major role in sustaining the economy and social development of the nation and contribute to national economy, to employment and security of the local community. The South African fisheries management was conducted largel)' with political default. This denied most fishers access to marine resources. Since the democratic election of 1994, the government was left with the challenge to re-allocate rights in a way that would ensure that the under-presentation of historical disadvantaged individuals (HDl's) in the fishing industry would be corrected. The laws and regulations related to marine fisheries were also revised. The Marine Living Resources Act, No. 18 of 1998 attempted transformation in the fishing industry but lacked clear guidelines which led to litigation and crises in the fishing industry as many fishers were unhappy with the whole process. Marine fisheries policy was established and published in 1997 to address those historical imbalances by introducing the fishing right system of allocating rights to represent the national demographics of the country. This report seeks to describe the theory of the South African fishing industry, policy developments and the current status of permit allocation in South Africa. It will also examine the effectiveness in the implementation of the marine fisheries policy for South Africa. It will focus on the distribution of marine resources for commercial fishing purposes.
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Bwalya, Samuel Mulenga. "The experimental analysis of the political economics of fisheries governance /." View online ; access limited to URI, 2005. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/dlnow/3188837.

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Books on the topic "Fishery policy"

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McGinley, Joan. Ireland's fishery policy. Teelin, Co. Donegal: Croaghlin Press in association with T. O'Callaghan, 1991.

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Communities, Commission of the European. The European community's fishery policy. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1985.

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Canada. Dept. of Fisheries and Oceans. Proposed policy and procedures for fish habitat management. Ottawa, Ont: Communications Directorate, Fisheries and Oceans, 1985.

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Seychelles. The fisheries policy. Victoria - Mahe, Seychelles: Seychelles Fishing Authority, 2003.

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Salz, P. Policy instruments for development of fisheries. The Hague: Agricultural Economics Research Institute, 1986.

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O'Keeffe, Deirdre. Irish seafisheries policy. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1995.

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Uganda. The national fisheries policy. Kampala]: Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries, Dept. of Fisheries Resources, 2004.

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Satria, Arif. Ekologi politik nelayan. Bantul, Yogyakarta: Penerbit & distribusi, LKiS Yogyakarta, 2009.

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Simorangkir, Sam. Perikanan Indonesia. [Denpasar]: Penerbit Bali Post, 2000.

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National, Fisheries Law and Policy Symposium (2002 Bristol R. I. ). Symposium: National Fisheries Law and Policy. Bristol, R.I: Roger Williams University School of Law, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Fishery policy"

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Chen, Xinjun. "Fishery Resource Management and Policy Formulation." In Fisheries Resources Economics, 347–421. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4328-3_8.

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D’Andrea, Ariella, Margaret Von Rotz, Solène Devez, Brandon D. Hupka, Mele Ikatonga Tauati, and Siola’a Malimali. "Tonga: Enabling Coastal Communities to Protect Marine Resources and Secure the Livelihoods of Small-Scale Fishers." In MARE Publication Series, 429–50. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-56716-2_20.

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AbstractCoastal fisheries are the food basket of Pacific Islanders, and fishing is deeply rooted in Pacific Islands’ cultures and traditions. In Tonga, during the past century, marine resource management has been the sole responsibility of the government under the law. Although management measures aim to ensure the sustainability of small-scale fisheries, compliance is often a challenge. In 2002 and 2009, Tonga passed new fishery legislation that reformed access to marine resources for local fishers (particularly in lagoons and reef areas) with the introduction of its own community-based fishery management approach, known as the Special Management Area (SMA) program. The SMA program and supporting legislation allow coastal communities and local fishers, with assistance from the Ministry of Fisheries, to regulate adjacent marine areas through local fishery management plans that grant preferential access and assign stewardship duties to community members. Tonga has made a commitment to following the Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries in the Context of Food Security and Poverty Eradication (SSF Guidelines), with the SMA program representing an important step forward. This chapter explores the main venues and opportunities for Tonga to implement the SSF Guidelines while completing the SMA scaling-up process, in line with recent policy commitments made at a Pacific regional level, (In 2021, the members of the Pacific Community (SPC) adopted the Pacific Framework for Action on Scaling up Community-based Fisheries Management: 2021–2025.) to ultimately provide sustainable access for small-scale fishers to marine resources and markets (SDG 14b).
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Ho, Ching-Hsien, and Kuanting Lee. "Sustainable Fisheries Under Net-Zero Emissions: A Case Study of the Taiwan Fishery Administration." In Springer Climate, 91–105. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24545-9_6.

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AbstractThis study focuses on the marine fishing industry, takes Taiwan’s fishery authorities as the subject of discussion, collects and compiles documents related to international trends and policy implementation in various countries, incorporates the implemented or planned policies and measures by Taiwan fishery authorities to conduct a comparative analysis on fishery policies in Taiwan and other developed countries, and determines the green policy strategies and opportunities for a low-carbon economy in the context of net-zero emissions. The comparative analysis results were used to examine the gap between the current situation and the future policy goals through the goal, reality, options, and will (GROW) evaluation method. Possible implementation directions to address the gap are discussed. Finally, policy issues within short-, medium-, and long-term plans and possible opportunities are determined through Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) standards materiality analysis and the priority research direction determination method. Priority stakeholders to be considered or involved in each policy stage are identified using the boundary identification method.
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Black, Michael. "The unnatural policies of natural resource agencies: fishery policy on the Sacramento River." In Greening Environmental Policy, 53–65. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-08357-9_4.

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de Guzman, Asuncion B. "A Fishery in Transition: Impact of a Community Marine Reserve on a Coastal Fishery in Northern Mindanao, Philippines." In Marine and Coastal Ecosystem Valuation, Institutions, and Policy in Southeast Asia, 249–66. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0141-3_12.

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Leschine, Thomas M. "Policy analysis and the incorporation of biological objectives into fishery management decisions." In Fishery Science and Management: Objectives and Limitations, 141–64. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/ln028p0141.

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Schwindt, Richard, Aidan Vining, and Steven Globerman. "Net Loss: A Cost-Benefit Analysis of the Canadian Pacific Salmon Fishery." In Cost-Benefit Analysis and Public Policy, 419–39. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444307177.ch32.

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Healey, M. C. "Comments on policy analysis and the incorporation of biological objectives into fishery management decisions." In Fishery Science and Management: Objectives and Limitations, 164–69. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/ln028p0164.

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Wood, Geoffrey D. "16. Open Water Bodies and Capture Fishery: The Poverty of Policy." In Bangladesh, 384–400. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780444543.016.

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Pornpinatepong, Kunlayanee, Sakchai Kiripat, Sinad Treewanchai, Sukampon Chongwilaikasaem, Chotima Pornsawang, Pathomwat Chantarasap, and Chantip Chandee. "Pollution Control and Sustainable Fishery Management in Southern Songkhla Lake, Thailand." In Marine and Coastal Ecosystem Valuation, Institutions, and Policy in Southeast Asia, 155–83. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0141-3_8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Fishery policy"

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Kim, Jong Deog, and Sung Gwi Kim. "Evaluation and Prospect on Comprehensive Fishing-Village Development Project in the Republic of Korea." In ASME 2003 22nd International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2003-37333.

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In terms of fishery policy in the Republic of Korea (hereinafter Korea), efficient resources management and the improvement of the infrastructure have been main targets of the industrial policy for a long time. On the other hand, fishermen’s society has maintained an exclusive and conservative socio-economic structure based on fishery cooperatives. However, with the advent of the new global trade order, the so-called Uruguay Round (UR), Korea’s fishery policy was requested to change the existing paradigm. To address this change in circumstances, the Korea government has begun to emphasize a people-oriented policy, for example, welfare, safety, education and diversified income sources, etc., instead of a production-oriented policy. In particular, the new law — Act on Special Tax for Rural Development — was enacted in 1994 to provide financial funding for various policy changes, including the implementation of the Comprehensive Fishing-village Development Project (hereinafter CFDP) as a new measure to address fishermen’s difficulties originating from the new trade round. CFDP aimed at raising the competitiveness of the fishery and the improvement of the quality of life in fishing-villages. The present study was conducted as an interim evaluation of the socio-economic effects of the projects implemented in the early stage of the CFDP, from 1994 to 1998.
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Hardianti, Wiji, and Milla Setyowati. "Tax Allowance Policy to Increase Investment Climate in Fishery Sector." In Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Indonesian Politics, SIP 2019, 26-27 June 2019, Central Java, Indonesia. EAI, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.25-6-2019.2288029.

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Wang, Yan-Ling. "Risk model and insurance policy for international fishery logistics management." In 2010 2nd IEEE International Conference on Information Management and Engineering. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icime.2010.5478310.

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Kumaat, Joyce, Mercy Rampengan, and Revolson Mege. "Spatial model in Determining the Distribution of tuna Fishery Policy in the Bitung City." In Proceedings of the International Conference on Social Science 2019 (ICSS 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icss-19.2019.104.

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"Assessing the Impact of Policy Changes in the Icelandic Cod Fishery using a Hybrid Simulation Model." In 3rd International Conference on Simulation and Modeling Methodologies, Technologies and Applications. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0004488102940301.

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Negi, Keizo, Keizo Negi, Takuya Ishikawa, Takuya Ishikawa, Kenichiro Iba, and Kenichiro Iba. "MEASURES FOR ENVIRONMENT CONSERVATION IN ENCLOSED COASTAL SEAS." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31519/conferencearticle_5b1b940c149362.66419597.

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Japan experienced serious water pollution during the period of high economic growth in 1960s. It was also the period that we had such damages to human health, fishery and living conditions due to red tide as much of chemicals, organic materials and the like flowing into the seas along the growing population and industries in the coastal areas. Notable in those days was the issues of environment conservation in the enclosed coastal seas where pollutants were prone to accumulate inside due to low level of water circulation, resulting in the issues including red tide and oxygen-deficient water mass. In responding to these issues, we implemented countermeasures like effluent control with the Water Pollution Control Law and improvement/expansion of sewage facilities. In the extensive enclosed coastal seas of Tokyo Bay, Ise Bay and the Seto Inland Sea, the three areas of high concentration of population, we implemented water quality total reduction in seven terms from 1979, reducing the total quantities of pollutant load of COD, TN and TP. Sea water quality hence has been on an improvement trend as a whole along the steady reduction of pollutants from the land. We however recognize that there are differences in improvement by sea area such as red tide and oxygen-deficient water mass continue to occur in some areas. Meanwhile, it has been pointed out that bio-diversity and bio-productivity should be secured through conservation/creation of tidal flats and seaweed beds in the view point of “Bountiful Sea” To work at these challenges, through the studies depending on the circumstances of the water environment in the enclosed coastal seas, we composed “The Policy of Desirable State of 8th TPLCS” in 2015. We have also added the sediment DO into the water quality standard related to the life-environmental items in view of the preservation of aquatic creatures in the enclosed water areas. Important from now on, along the Policy, is to proceed with necessary measures to improve water quality with good considerations of differences by area in the view point of “Beautiful and bountiful Sea”.
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Negi, Keizo, Keizo Negi, Takuya Ishikawa, Takuya Ishikawa, Kenichiro Iba, and Kenichiro Iba. "MEASURES FOR ENVIRONMENT CONSERVATION IN ENCLOSED COASTAL SEAS." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21610/conferencearticle_58b4316091bec.

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Japan experienced serious water pollution during the period of high economic growth in 1960s. It was also the period that we had such damages to human health, fishery and living conditions due to red tide as much of chemicals, organic materials and the like flowing into the seas along the growing population and industries in the coastal areas. Notable in those days was the issues of environment conservation in the enclosed coastal seas where pollutants were prone to accumulate inside due to low level of water circulation, resulting in the issues including red tide and oxygen-deficient water mass. In responding to these issues, we implemented countermeasures like effluent control with the Water Pollution Control Law and improvement/expansion of sewage facilities. In the extensive enclosed coastal seas of Tokyo Bay, Ise Bay and the Seto Inland Sea, the three areas of high concentration of population, we implemented water quality total reduction in seven terms from 1979, reducing the total quantities of pollutant load of COD, TN and TP. Sea water quality hence has been on an improvement trend as a whole along the steady reduction of pollutants from the land. We however recognize that there are differences in improvement by sea area such as red tide and oxygen-deficient water mass continue to occur in some areas. Meanwhile, it has been pointed out that bio-diversity and bio-productivity should be secured through conservation/creation of tidal flats and seaweed beds in the view point of “Bountiful Sea” To work at these challenges, through the studies depending on the circumstances of the water environment in the enclosed coastal seas, we composed “The Policy of Desirable State of 8th TPLCS” in 2015. We have also added the sediment DO into the water quality standard related to the life-environmental items in view of the preservation of aquatic creatures in the enclosed water areas. Important from now on, along the Policy, is to proceed with necessary measures to improve water quality with good considerations of differences by area in the view point of “Beautiful and bountiful Sea”.
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Knorr, Paul Octavius. "Critical and Hard Minerals Management on the United States Outer Continental Shelf." In Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/32640-ms.

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Abstract The Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM), an agency within the U.S. Department of the Interior, has responsibility over both energy and non-energy mineral development on the United States Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) under the OCS Lands Act ("OCSLA"). BOEM’s Marine Minerals Program (MMP) manages federal offshore mineral deposits through non-competitive, negotiated agreements for federal sand and gravel ("sand") used in coastal restoration efforts and the competitive leasing of critical and hard economic minerals ("critical minerals"). As the sole federal steward of OCS critical minerals, BOEM MMP is responsible for understanding where critical minerals are located, identifying and understanding their environments, managing activities that affect these resources, and implementing pertinent federal policies. Fulfilling these responsibilities involves the collection and analysis of environmental, geological, and geophysical data; supporting the science needed to understand the impacts of resource-related authorized activities on the biological, physical, and sociocultural environments; encouraging emerging technologies that can reduce the environmental impact of activities; and communicating with stakeholders to foster an understanding of existing federal regulations and potential needs to revise the legal framework. Four U.S. federal rules in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) currently inform MMP’s procedures: 30 CFR 580 (prospecting for minerals), 30 CFR 581 (leasing of minerals), 30 CFR 582 (operations in the OCS related to minerals), and 30 CFR 583 (negotiated noncompetitive agreements for sand). Other federal laws and regulations are also pertinent, particularly those supporting the National Environmental Policy Act, Endangered Species Act, National Historic Preservation Act, Marine Mammal Protection Act, Coastal Zone Management Act, Clean Air Act, Federal Water Pollution Control Act, and Magnuson Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act.
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Hoog, Sven, Mark Longrée, and Andreas Menze. "Engagement in the Arctic: The ‘Modular Arctic Hub (MODARC)’ Facilitates the ‘Kick-Off’." In ASME 2015 34th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2015-41225.

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It seems to be certain that a huge variety of activities will be established in the Arctic in turn of global warming in the coming decades. These activities comprise fishery, tourism, cargo shipping and resource extraction mainly taking place in Arctic waters, at coastal areas and at shore. As history shows, these activities often suffer from a complicate supply of skilled personnel, insufficient infrastructure and not suitable tools for use in harsh environment, which are significant obstacles towards a cost efficient setup of required hubs supporting the ‘conquering of the Arctic’. IMPaC has taken the chance of participating in the European funded joint research project ACCESS (Ref. [3]) to develop a concept for the modular establishment of stations in the Arctic: MODARC (MODular ARCtic Hub). The basic module of MODARC shall act as initial hub providing fundamentals like accommodation, energy, communication in a safe and secure way. The hubs shall be self-sufficient for an extended kick-off period and operable conforming to a zero-emission policy, which IMPaC has already met during projects for the Caspian Sea (Ref. [2]). The basic modules are operable right after installation allowing supporting the establishment of further specialized activities serving the various means of activities mentioned above. Thus, the character of each settlement will be case (project) dependent but comparable in its basic concept. Paramount advantage of the MODARC concept is the idea of producing the floating modules in worldwide benign conditions like harbors or wharfs allowing testing and certifying each module prior to send out and installation at location. Even personnel can be trained before or during the shipment to the operation location — just like it is usual e.g. in Aerospace technology.
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Zhu, Yiwen, Jinyi Liu, Wenya Wei, Qianyi Fu, Yujing Hu, Zhou Fang, Bo An, Jianye Hao, Tangjie Lv, and Changjie Fan. "vMFER: Von Mises-Fisher Experience Resampling Based on Uncertainty of Gradient Directions for Policy Improvement." In Thirty-Third International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-24}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2024/633.

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Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a widely employed technique in decision-making problems, encompassing two fundamental operations -- policy evaluation and policy improvement. Enhancing learning efficiency remains a key challenge in RL, with many efforts focused on using ensemble critics to boost policy evaluation efficiency. However, when using multiple critics, the actor in the policy improvement process can obtain different gradients. Previous studies have combined these gradients without considering their disagreements. Therefore, optimizing the policy improvement process is crucial to enhance learning efficiency. This study focuses on investigating the impact of gradient disagreements caused by ensemble critics on policy improvement. We introduce the concept of uncertainty of gradient directions as a means to measure the disagreement among gradients utilized in the policy improvement process. Through measuring the disagreement among gradients, we find that transitions with lower uncertainty of gradient directions are more reliable in the policy improvement process. Building on this analysis, we propose a method called von Mises-Fisher Experience Resampling (vMFER), which optimizes the policy improvement process by resampling transitions and assigning higher confidence to transitions with lower uncertainty of gradient directions. Our experiments demonstrate that vMFER significantly outperforms the benchmark and is particularly well-suited for ensemble structures in RL.
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Reports on the topic "Fishery policy"

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Anderson, Lee G. Valuing the Linkages Between the Shrimp Fishery and Mangroves in Campeche, Mexico: This case will provide an example of market based valuation. Inter-American Development Bank, March 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006676.

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This presentation was commissioned by the Environment Network of the Regional Policy Dialogue for the III Hemispheric Meeting celebrated on March 9th and 10th, 2004. There are very productive shrimp stocks in the surrounding gulf waters. They support a large fishery which produces valuable food for national consumption and export. In 1991 it employed 13% of Campeche's total labor force.
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Fox, Clive J., L. Valcic, and Andrea Veszelovszki. Evidence gathering in support of sustainable Scottish inshore fisheries: work package (4) final report: a pilot study to define the footprint and activities of Scottish inshore fisheries by identifying target fisheries, habitats and associated fish stocks. Edited by Mark James and Hannah Ladd-Jones. Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland (MASTS), 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15664/10023.24673.

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[Extract from Executive Summary] This work was conducted under Work package 4 of the European Fisheries Funded program “Evidence Gathering in Support of Sustainable Scottish Inshore Fisheries”. The overall aim of the program was to work in partnership with Marine Scotland Fisheries Policy and with the Scottish Inshore Fisheries Groups to help develop inshore fisheries management. Specifically the program aims were to establish the location of fishing activities within inshore areas; to identify catch composition and associated fishery impacts; to define the environmental footprint and availability of stocks; to develop economic value within local fisheries and; to establish an information resource base to assist the development of inshore fisheries management provisions.
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Conrad, Jon, Linda Nøstbakken, Steven Stone, Henrik Franklin, and César Viteri. Fisheries Management in the Galapagos Marine Reserve: A Bioeconomic Perspective. Inter-American Development Bank, May 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008751.

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Despite numerous efforts and a large investment by the Ecuadorian Government and the international community, fishery management in Galapagos remains highly conflictive and essentially ineffective. Levels of mistrust and lack of communication have eroded the governance mechanisms in place to resolve conflicts over competing uses in the Reserve. In an effort to provide new information and analytical content into the policy debate regarding fisheries management in the marine reserve, the authors of this paper developed this research utilizing an economic approach to regulating use of the primary commercial fisheries in Galapagos. In particular, the objective of this study is to determine the optimal harvest, escapement, and fishing effort for the small-scale fishing fleet of the Galapagos Marine Reserve (GMR). In this study, the focus of attention is the two most important fisheries: the sea cucumber (pepino de mar, or "pepino") and the spiny red lobster. The authors base their analysis on a stochastic discrete time bioeconomic model developed by Reed (1979).
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van Gemert, Rob, Per Holliland, Konrad Karlsson, Niklas Sjöberg, and Torbjörn Säterberg. Assessment of the eel stock in Sweden, spring 2024 : fifth post-evaluation of the Swedish eel management. Department of Aquatic Resources, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54612/a.4iseib7eup.

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For decades, the population of the European eel has been in severe decline. In 2007, the European Union decided on a Regulation establishing measures for the recovery of the stock, which obliged Member States to implement a national Eel Management Plan by 2009. Sweden submitted its plan in 2008. According to the Regulation, Member States shall report regularly to the EU-Commission, on the implementation of their Eel Management Plans and the progress achieved in protection and restoration. The current report provides an assessment of the eel stock in Sweden as of spring 2024, intending to feed into the national reporting to the EU in August this year. This report updates and extends previous evaluation reports by Dekker (2012, 2015) and Dekker et al. (2018, 2021). In this report, the impacts on the stock - of fishing, restocking and mortality related to hydropower generation - are assessed. Other anthropogenic impacts (climate change, pollution, increased impacts of predators, spread of parasites, disruption of migration due to disorientation after transport, and so forth) probably have an impact on the stock too, but these factors are hardly quantifiable, and no management targets have been set. For that reason, and because most factors were not included in the EU Eel Regulation, these other factors are not included in this report. Our focus is on the quantification of silver eel biomass escaping from continental waters towards the ocean (current, current potential and pristine) and mortality risks endured by those eels during their whole lifetime. The assessment is broken down on a geographical basis, with different impacts dominating in different areas (west coast, inland waters, Baltic coast). In the last decade, a break in the downward trend in glass eel recruitment has been observed, with recruitment no longer declining consistently. Whether that relates to recent protective actions, or is due to other factors, is yet unclear. Nevertheless, recruitment levels remain at historically low levels. This report contributes to the required international assessment, but does not discuss the causing factors behind the recent recruitment trend and the overall status of the stock across Europe. For the different assessment areas, results summarise as follows: On the west coast, a commercial fyke net fishery on yellow eel was exploiting the stock, until this fishery was completely closed in spring 2012. A fishery-based assessment no longer being achievable, we present trends from research surveys (fyke nets). Insufficient information is currently available to assess the recovery of the stock in absolute terms. Obviously, current fishing mortality is zero (disregarding the currently unquantifiable effect of illegal fishing), but none of the other requested stock indicators (current, current potential and pristine biomass) can be presented. The formerly exploited size-classes of the stock show a recovery in abundance after the closure of the commercial fishery, and the smaller size classes show a break in their decline in line with the recent global trend of glass eel recruitment. In order to support the recovery of the stock, or to compensate for anthropogenic mortality in inland waters, young eel has been restocked on the Swedish west coast since 2010. Noting the quantity of restocking involved, the expected effect (ca. 50 t silver eel) is relatively small, and hard to verify – in comparison to the potential natural stock on the west coast (an order of 1000 t). However, for the currently depleted stock, the contribution will likely constitute a larger share of silver eel escapement. For inland waters, this report updates the 2021 assessment, with substantial changes in methodology being the use of a new natural recruitment model, and the full separation of Trap & Transport catches from the fisheries statistics. The assessment for the inland waters relies on a reconstruction of the stock from information on the youngest eels in our waters (natural recruits, assisted migration, restocking). Based on 78 years of data on natural recruitment into 22 rivers, a statistical model is applied which relates the number of immigrating young eel caught in traps to the location and size of each river, the distance from the trap to the river mouth, and the year in which those eels recruited to continental waters as a glass eel (year class). The further into the Baltic, the larger and less numerous recruits generally are. Distance upstream comes with less numerous recruits. Using the results from the above recruitment analysis, in combination with historical data on assisted migration (young eels transported upstream within a drainage area, across barriers) and restocking (young eels imported into a river system), we have a complete overview of how many young eels recruited to Swedish inland waters. From this, the production of fully grown silver eel is estimated for every lake and year separately, based on best estimates of growth and natural mortality rates. Subtracting the catch made by the fishery (as recorded) and down-sizing for the mortality incurred when passing hydropower stations (percentwise, as recorded or using a default percentage), an estimate of the biomass of silver eel escaping from each river towards the sea is derived. Results indicate, that since 1960, the production of silver eel in inland waters has declined from over 700 to below 300 tonnes per year (t/yr). The production of naturally recruited eels is still falling; following the increase in restocking since 2010, an increase in restocking-based production is expected to be starting right around now. Gradually, restocking has replaced natural recruitment (assisted and fully natural), now making up over 90 % of the inland stock. Fisheries have taken 20-30 % of the silver eel (since the mid-1980s), while the impact of hydropower has ranged from 25 % to 60 %, depending on the year. Escapement is estimated to have varied from 72 t in the late 1990s, to 175 t in the early 2000s. The biomass of current escapement (including eels of restocked origin) is approximately 15 % of the pristine level (incl. restocked), or almost 30 % of the current potential biomass (incl. restocked). This is below the 40 % biomass limit of the Eel Regulation, and anthropogenic mortality (70 % over the entire life span in continental waters) exceeds the limit implied in the Eel Regulation (60 % mortality, the complement of 40 % survival). Mortality being that high, Swedish inland waters currently do not contribute to the recovery of the stock. The temporal variation (in production, impacts and escapement) is partly the consequence of a differential spatial distribution of the restocking of eel over the years. The original natural (not assisted) recruits were far less impacted by hydropower, since they could not climb the hydropower dams when immigrating. Since 2010, inland restocking is increasingly concentrated to drainage areas falling to the Kattegat-Skagerrak, also including obstructed lakes (primarily Lake Vänern, and many smaller ones). Even though Trap & Transport of silver eel - from above barriers towards the sea - has contributed to reducing the hydropower impact, hydropower mortality remains the largest estimated contributor to silver eel mortality in inland waters. Without restocking, the biomass affected by fishery and/or hydropower would be only 5-10 % of the currently impacted biomass, but the stock abundance would reduce from 15 % to less than 3 % of the pristine biomass. In summary: the inland eel stock biomass is below the minimum target, anthropogenic impacts exceed the minimum limit that would allow recovery, and those impacts have been increasing. It is therefore recommended to reconsider the current action plans on inland waters, taking into account the results of the current, comprehensive assessment. For the Baltic coast, the 2021 assessment has been updated without major changes in methodology. Results indicate that the impact of the fishery continues to decline over the decades. The current impact of the Swedish silver eel fishery on the escapement of silver eel along the Baltic Sea coast is estimated at 0.3 %. However, this fishery is just one of the anthropogenic impacts (in other areas/countries) affecting the eel stock in the Baltic, including all types of impacts, on all life stages and all habitats anywhere in the Baltic. Integration with the assessments in other countries has not been achieved. Current estimates of the abundance of silver eel (biomass) indicates an order of several thousand tonnes, but those estimates are extremely uncertain, due to the low impact of the fishery (near-zero statistics). Moreover, these do not take into account the origin of those silver eels, from other countries. An integrated assessment for the whole Baltic will be required to ground-truth these estimates. This would also bring the eel assessments in line with the policy to regionalise stock assessments for other (commercial) fish species (see https://ec.europa.eu/oceans-and-fisheries/fisheries/rules/multiannual-plans_en). It is recommended to develop an integrated assessment for the entire Baltic Sea eel stock, and to coordinate protective measures with other range states.
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Orr, Kyla, Ali McKnight, Kathryn Logan, and Hannah Ladd-Jones. Scottish Inshore Fisheries Integrated Data System (SIFIDS): work package 7 final report engagement with inshore fisheries to promote and inform. Edited by Mark James. Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland (MASTS), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15664/10023.23453.

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[Extract from Executive Summary] This report documents Work Package 7 of the Scottish Inshore Fisheries Integrated Data Systems (SIFIDS) Project, which was designed to facilitate engagement with the key stakeholders including; inshore fishers, their representative bodies, Regional Inshore Fisheries Groups, Marine Scotland including Policy, Compliance and Science. The SIFIDS Project focused on 12 metre and under inshore fisheries vessels, of which around 1,500 are registered in Scotland including those that work part-time or seasonally. The facilitation team was set various targets for engagement based on the requirements of other work packages. The success of the overall project was dependent to a significant extent on securing voluntary engagement and input from working fishers. Previous experience has shown that having a dedicated project facilitation team is an extremely effective model for establishing the necessary trust to encourage industry-participation in projects such as this. The WP7 facilitation team comprised three individuals who have significant marine and fisheries related experience and wide-ranging skills in communications and stakeholder engagement. They worked together flexibly on a part-time basis, ensuring staffing cover over extended hours where required to match fishers’ availability and geographical coverage over Scotland.
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Do, Thao, and Eric Kasper. The Impact of Covid-19 Response Policies on Select Vulnerable Groups in Vietnam. Institute of Development Studies, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2022.038.

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Despite the significant impact of the pandemic’s fourth wave, Vietnam’s overall strategy was seen as well planned with one of the lowest infection rates globally in 2020–2021. In June 2019, an estimated 540,000 Vietnamese migrant workers were recorded working legally in 40 countries and territories, making Vietnam a major labour exporter and one of the top ten countries to receive international remittances. Our research shows how Vietnam’s Covid-19 policy response has influenced Vietnamese migrant workers and counter-trafficking work, particularly in border areas. The research discussed four main findings. Firstly, border closures left many overseas migrant workers vulnerable and led them to rely on people smugglers. Secondly, the suspension of commercial international flights and a lack of transparency and favouritism in allocating seats on repatriation flights left many stranded. Thirdly, the national pandemic response plan suffered from limitations. Lastly, Covid-19 policies have led to new trafficking trends and challenges. Based on this evidence, the research suggests that digitalising and modernising social services could strengthen the inclusion of vulnerable groups, simplify the administrative and management process, save costs, and reduce corruption. Participation of vulnerable groups, especially ethnic minorities and overseas migrant workers, including fishers, should be ensured in national policy design and local implementation. Additionally, improving transparency and accountability of support systems could help gain citizens’ trust in the government, which would be beneficial for future crisis responses.
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Berkström, Charlotte, Hampus Eriksson, Maria Eggertsen, Birgit Koehler, and Anna Norman Haldén. Securing sustainable access to aquatic foods. SLU Global, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54612/a.7fllvb7hr4.

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Global nutrition needs are increasing and aquatic foods have recently been identified as crucial in addressing many of the world’s urgent challenges, including hunger and malnutrition. This synthesis highlights the importance of aquatic foods as a source of protein, micronutrients and income, its potential to meet increasing food demands, as well as the challenges in aquatic food production and harvesting. Most importantly, it provides an overview of management initiatives and innovative solutions for secured sustainable access to aquatic foods in the future. Aquatic foods provide micronutrient-rich foods for 3.3 billion people and support the livelihoods of more than 800 million people. Small-scale fisheries, in particular, play a key role in supporting the diversity and nutritional benefits of aquatic foods. However, the capture and production of aquatic foods is not always sustainable, and access to these foods may be unequal. At the water-land nexus, new ways of producing aquatic foods hold the potential to reduce the climate footprint in the food system. The governance of, and investment in, aquatic food systems needs to aim to preserve, support and improve aquatic species diversity and to improve access to this highly nutritious food. These efforts need to include multiple stakeholders, such as fishers, community agencies, policy makers and researchers, and be firmly established in both the latest research and in a local/regional context - ecologically and socially. By incorporating different aspects of aquatic foods, this synthesis aims to inspire and inform the reader about the importance of these systems, and means for a sustainable way forward.
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Hodul, M., H. P. White, and A. Knudby. A report on water quality monitoring in Quesnel Lake, British Columbia, subsequent to the Mount Polley tailings dam spill, using optical satellite imagery. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/330556.

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In the early morning on the 4th of August 2014, a tailings dam near Quesnel, BC burst, spilling approximately 25 million m3 of runoff containing heavy metal elements into nearby Quesnel Lake (Byrne et al. 2018). The runoff slurry, which included lead, arsenic, selenium, and vanadium spilled through Hazeltine Creek, scouring its banks and picking up till and forest cover on the way, and ultimately ended up in Quesnel Lake, whose water level rose by 1.5 m as a result. While the introduction of heavy metals into Quesnel Lake was of environmental concern, the additional till and forest cover scoured from the banks of Hazeltine Creek added to the lake has also been of concern to salmon spawning grounds. Immediate repercussions of the spill involved the damage of sensitive environments along the banks and on the lake bed, the closing of the seasonal salmon fishery in the lake, and a change in the microbial composition of the lake bed (Hatam et al. 2019). In addition, there appears to be a seasonal resuspension of the tailings sediment due to thermal cycling of the water and surface winds (Hamilton et al. 2020). While the water quality of Quesnel Lake continues to be monitored for the tailings sediments, primarily by members at the Quesnel River Research Centre, the sample-and-test methods of water quality testing used, while highly accurate, are expensive to undertake, and not spatially exhaustive. The use of remote sensing techniques, though not as accurate as lab testing, allows for the relatively fast creation of expansive water quality maps using sensors mounted on boats, planes, and satellites (Ritchie et al. 2003). The most common method for the remote sensing of surface water quality is through the use of a physics-based semianalytical model which simulates light passing through a water column with a given set of Inherent Optical Properties (IOPs), developed by Lee et al. (1998) and commonly referred to as a Radiative Transfer Model (RTM). The RTM forward-models a wide range of water-leaving spectral signatures based on IOPs determined by a mix of water constituents, including natural materials and pollutants. Remote sensing imagery is then used to invert the model by finding the modelled water spectrum which most closely resembles that seen in the imagery (Brando et al 2009). This project set out to develop an RTM water quality model to monitor the water quality in Quesnel Lake, allowing for the entire surface of the lake to be mapped at once, in an effort to easily determine the timing and extent of resuspension events, as well as potentially investigate greening events reported by locals. The project intended to use a combination of multispectral imagery (Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2), as well as hyperspectral imagery (DESIS), combined with field calibration/validation of the resulting models. The project began in the Autumn before the COVID pandemic, with plans to undertake a comprehensive fieldwork campaign to gather model calibration data in the summer of 2020. Since a province-wide travel shutdown and social distancing procedures made it difficult to carry out water quality surveying in a small boat, an insufficient amount of fieldwork was conducted to suit the needs of the project. Thus, the project has been put on hold, and the primary researcher has moved to a different project. This document stands as a report on all of the work conducted up to April 2021, intended largely as an instructional document for researchers who may wish to continue the work once fieldwork may freely and safely resume. This research was undertaken at the University of Ottawa, with supporting funding provided by the Earth Observations for Cumulative Effects (EO4CE) Program Work Package 10b: Site Monitoring and Remediation, Canada Centre for Remote Sensing, through the Natural Resources Canada Research Affiliate Program (RAP).
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Saville, Alan, and Caroline Wickham-Jones, eds. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Scotland : Scottish Archaeological Research Framework Panel Report. Society for Antiquaries of Scotland, June 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.06.2012.163.

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Why research Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Scotland? Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology sheds light on the first colonisation and subsequent early inhabitation of Scotland. It is a growing and exciting field where increasing Scottish evidence has been given wider significance in the context of European prehistory. It extends over a long period, which saw great changes, including substantial environmental transformations, and the impact of, and societal response to, climate change. The period as a whole provides the foundation for the human occupation of Scotland and is crucial for understanding prehistoric society, both for Scotland and across North-West Europe. Within the Palaeolithic and Mesolithic periods there are considerable opportunities for pioneering research. Individual projects can still have a substantial impact and there remain opportunities for pioneering discoveries including cemeteries, domestic and other structures, stratified sites, and for exploring the huge evidential potential of water-logged and underwater sites. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology also stimulates and draws upon exciting multi-disciplinary collaborations. Panel Task and Remit The panel remit was to review critically the current state of knowledge and consider promising areas of future research into the earliest prehistory of Scotland. This was undertaken with a view to improved understanding of all aspects of the colonization and inhabitation of the country by peoples practising a wholly hunter-fisher-gatherer way of life prior to the advent of farming. In so doing, it was recognised as particularly important that both environmental data (including vegetation, fauna, sea level, and landscape work) and cultural change during this period be evaluated. The resultant report, outlines the different areas of research in which archaeologists interested in early prehistory work, and highlights the research topics to which they aspire. The report is structured by theme: history of investigation; reconstruction of the environment; the nature of the archaeological record; methodologies for recreating the past; and finally, the lifestyles of past people – the latter representing both a statement of current knowledge and the ultimate aim for archaeologists; the goal of all the former sections. The document is reinforced by material on-line which provides further detail and resources. The Palaeolithic and Mesolithic panel report of ScARF is intended as a resource to be utilised, built upon, and kept updated, hopefully by those it has helped inspire and inform as well as those who follow in their footsteps. Future Research The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarized under four key headings:  Visibility: Due to the considerable length of time over which sites were formed, and the predominant mobility of the population, early prehistoric remains are to be found right across the landscape, although they often survive as ephemeral traces and in low densities. Therefore, all archaeological work should take into account the expectation of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic ScARF Panel Report iv encountering early prehistoric remains. This applies equally to both commercial and research archaeology, and to amateur activity which often makes the initial discovery. This should not be seen as an obstacle, but as a benefit, and not finding such remains should be cause for question. There is no doubt that important evidence of these periods remains unrecognised in private, public, and commercial collections and there is a strong need for backlog evaluation, proper curation and analysis. The inadequate representation of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic information in existing national and local databases must be addressed.  Collaboration: Multi-disciplinary, collaborative, and cross- sector approaches must be encouraged – site prospection, prediction, recognition, and contextualisation are key areas to this end. Reconstructing past environments and their chronological frameworks, and exploring submerged and buried landscapes offer existing examples of fruitful, cross-disciplinary work. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology has an important place within Quaternary science and the potential for deeply buried remains means that geoarchaeology should have a prominent role.  Innovation: Research-led projects are currently making a substantial impact across all aspects of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology; a funding policy that acknowledges risk and promotes the innovation that these periods demand should be encouraged. The exploration of lesser known areas, work on different types of site, new approaches to artefacts, and the application of novel methodologies should all be promoted when engaging with the challenges of early prehistory.  Tackling the ‘big questions’: Archaeologists should engage with the big questions of earliest prehistory in Scotland, including the colonisation of new land, how lifestyles in past societies were organized, the effects of and the responses to environmental change, and the transitions to new modes of life. This should be done through a holistic view of the available data, encompassing all the complexities of interpretation and developing competing and testable models. Scottish data can be used to address many of the currently topical research topics in archaeology, and will provide a springboard to a better understanding of early prehistoric life in Scotland and beyond.
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Summary for policy: Capacity needs assessment and gap analysis to support the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries' Advance Fisher Village (Kampung Nelayan Maju) Programme in the Indonesian Seas Large Marine Ecosystem region. FAO, October 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4060/cc7589en.

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