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Daw, Tim M. "How fishers count : engaging with fishers' knowledge in fisheries science and management /." Newcastle upon Tyne : University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/114.
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Daw, Timothy. "How fishers count : engaging with fishers' knowledge in fisheries science and management." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.490129.
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Engaging with fishers’ knowledge (FK) is increasingly valued in fisheries management (a) for FK’s utility for science and management, and (b) to improve the legitimacy of fisheries governance. Referring to both perspectives, this thesis examines: the nature and types of FK; FK’s relationship to scientific knowledge; and ‘extractive’ and ‘participative’ approaches taken to engage with FK. Chapters 3 and 4 compare fishers’ reports of catch rates with official landings data and underwater visual census (UVC). In Seychelles, contemporary reported catch rates and landings were consistent; but FK, landings and UVC perceived different trends over time. Over five western-Indian-Ocean countries, reported catch rates had no detectable relationship with UVC-measured fish biomass, despite a six-fold range in biomass. Such disparities between fishers’ and scientists’ perceptions provide opportunities to broaden the information base for monitoring; but challenge the legitimacy of science-based management in the eyes of resource users. Chapters 5 and 6 examine extractive approaches to engage FK. An interview-based stock assessment in Seychelles indicated that stocks were overexploited in contradiction to the qualitative perceptions of interviewed fishers. The extractive approach did not take account of fishers’ mental models which diverged from scientific assumptions about fish population dynamics and catch rates. In the North Sea, a postal questionnaire collected FK on stock trends, but had limited potential to influence scientific advice and satisfy fishers’ expectations, due to its limited scope T. Daw. How Fishers Count Page 3 and the lack of frameworks to utilise FK. Both cases illustrate the limitations of extractive methods, and the importance of engaging with more complex types of FK. Disagreements with science seem likelier, and more difficult to resolve for abstract types of FK. Extractive approaches can engage large numbers of fishers, but are less reliable and fail to improve governance. Participatory approaches, including collaborative research have greater promise for improving fisheries science and management.
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McCafferty, James Ross. "An assessment of inland fisheries in South Africa using fisheries-dependent and fisheries-independent data sources." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005072.
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The role of inland fisheries as contributors to local and national economies in developing African countries is well documented. In South Africa, there is increasing interest in inland fisheries as vehicles for achieving national policy objectives including food security, livelihoods provision, poverty alleviation and economic development but there is surprisingly little literature on the history, current status, and potential of inland fishery resources. This lack of knowledge constrains the development of management strategies for ensuring the biological sustainability of these resources and the economic and social sustainability of the people that are dependent on them. In order to contribute to the knowledge base of inland fisheries in South Africa this thesis: (1) presents an exhaustive review of the available literature on inland fisheries in South Africa; (2) describes the organisation of recreational anglers (the primary users of the resource); (3) compiles recreational angling catch records and scientific gill net survey data, and assesses the applicability of these data for providing estimates of fish abundance (catch-per-unit effort [CPUE]); and finally, (4) determines the potential for models of fish abundance using morphometric, edaphic, and climatic factors. The literature review highlighted the data-poor nature of South African inland fisheries. In particular information on harvest rates was lacking. A lack of knowledge regarding different inland fishery sectors, governance systems, and potential user conflicts was also found. Recreational anglers were identified as the dominant user group and catch data from this sector were identified as potential sources of fish abundance and harvest information. Formal freshwater recreational angling in South Africa is a highly organised, multi-faceted activity which is based primarily on angling for non-native species, particularly common carp Cyprinus carpio and largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides. Bank anglers constituted the largest number of formal participants (5 309 anglers affiliated to formal angling organisations) followed by bass anglers (1 184 anglers affiliated to formal angling organisations). The highly structured nature of organised recreational angling and dominant utilisation of inland fisheries resources by this sector illustrated not only the vested interest of anglers in the management and development of inland fisheries but also the role that anglers may play in future decision-making and monitoring through the dissemination of catch data from organised angling events. Generalised linear models (GLMs) and generalised additive models (GAMs) were used to standardise CPUE estimates from bass- and bank angling catch records, which provided the most suitable data, and to determine environmental variables which most influenced capture probabilities and CPUE. Capture probabilities and CPUE for bass were influenced primarily by altitude and conductivity and multiple regression analysis revealed that predictive models incorporating altitude, conductivity, surface area and capacity explained significant (p<0.05) amounts of variability in CPUE (53%), probability of capture (49%) and probability of limit bag (74%). Bank angling CPUE was influenced by conductivity, surface area and rainfall although an insignificant (p>0.05) amount of variability (63%) was explained by a predictive model incorporating these variables as investigations were constrained by small sample sizes and aggregated catch information. Scientific survey data provided multi-species information and highlighted the high proportion of non-native fish species in Eastern Cape impoundments. Gillnet catches were influenced primarily by species composition and were less subject to fluctuations induced by environmental factors. Overall standardised gillnet CPUE was influenced by surface area, conductivity and age of impoundment. Although the model fit was not significant at the p<0.05 level, 23% of the variability in the data was explained by a predictive model incorporating these variables. The presence of species which could be effectively targeted by gillnets was hypothesised to represent the most important factor influencing catch rates. Investigation of factors influencing CPUE in impoundments dominated by Clarias gariepinus and native cyprinids indicated that warmer, younger impoundments and smaller, colder impoundments produced higher catches of C. gariepinus and native cyprinids respectively. A predictive model for C. gariepinus abundance explained a significant amount of variability (77%) in CPUE although the small sample size of impoundments suggests that predictions from this model may not be robust. CPUE of native cyprinids was influenced primarily by the presence of Labeo umbratus and constrained by small sample size of impoundments and the model did not adequately explain the variability in the data (r² = 0.31, p>0.05). These results indicate that angling catch- and scientific survey data can be useful in providing predictions of fish abundance that are biologically realistic. However, more data over a greater spatial scale would allow for more robust predictions of catch rates. This could be achieved through increased monitoring of existing resource users, the creation of a centralised database for catch records from angling competitions, and increased scientific surveys of South African impoundments conducted by a dedicated governmental function.
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Chen, Dayuan. "Taiwanese offshore (distant water) fisheries in Southeast Asia, 1936-1977." Connect to this title online, 2007. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20070328.92412.
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Walshe, Kim A. R. "The fisheries' trinity : re-conceptualising New Zealand's inshore fisheries management /." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/5657.
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This thesis is the culmination of 35 years of fisheries management experience shaped by reflections and academic study. While New Zealand is often positioned as an acclaimed success with the development and application of the Quota Management System, this thesis outlines some of the serious flaws that underpin current trajectories. Tensions have been created by the Ministry of Fisheries focusing almost exclusively on developing solutions for New Zealand's fisheries policy and management problems through the commercial sector management regime. The 'command and control' management approach sits uneasily with the 'rights-based' management regime in the commercial fishery and the common property resource management regime in the customary Maori fishery.This study attempts to identify how the management of New Zealand inshore fisheries could be improved by using an integrated approach - a trinity of fisheries (institutions, rights, and governance) to manage all three sectors (commercial, recreational and customary Maori). The international literature provides a narrow view of fisheries policy and management in New Zealand and the discussion is strongly oriented around a limited range of issues - particularly commercial fisheries and a 'rights-based' approach. Drawing on a depth of experience in both central policy development and fisheries management (particularly in the Auckland Fisheries Management Area), four arguments are identified: Firstly, that New Zealand's fisheries management policies for both commercial and non-commercial fisheries management have been largely based on the commercial fishery. Secondly, that the international literature is heavily skewed towards issues and events in the commercial fishery without adequate recognition of the non-commercial (customary Maori and recreational) fisheries. Thirdly, that the three fisheries in the inshore waters cannot be managed effectively unless the management of all sectors is integrated under a common policy and management framework. And finally, that the 'rights-based' focus is faltering because of inadequate and inappropriate institutions and governance. The trajectories of the three inshore wild harvest sectors (commercial, recreational, and customary Maori) are explored, with a particular interest on how they influence and impact on each other. The primary focus of the analysis is the role that institutions, rights and governance play on the management and development of the three sectors. The thesis concludes with a chapter on the current positioning of institutions, rights, and governance within a three-sector trajectory and suggests tentative principles which could be used in New Zealand's inshore wild stock fisheries to build an integrated policy and management. It concludes that New Zealand's inshore fishery requires a re-conceptualisation to a governance approach, based on ecosystem management. A common management approach across all sectors of fisheries can be achieved by incorporating a wider institutional framework than a rights-based approach and moving beyond a focus on harvesting alone.
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Cahill, Paul C. "The economics of fisheries and fisheries management : a partial review." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63301.
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Salas, Silvia. "Fishing strategies of small-scale fishers and their implications for fisheries management." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0020/NQ56612.pdf.
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Salas, S. "Fishing strategies of small-scale fishers and their implications for fisheries management." online access from ProQuest databases online access from Digital Dissertation Consortium access full-text, 2000. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/pqdiss.pl?NQ56612.
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Manson, Fiona Jane. "Mangroves and fisheries: are there links between coastal habitats and fisheries production? /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18551.pdf.
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Dimech, Mark. "Conservation of the demersal fisheries resources within 25NM Maltese fisheries management zone." Thesis, Bangor University, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.496140.
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Nguyen, Quang Van. "Impacts of fisheries management objective on technical efficiency: Case studies in fisheries." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2019. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/131191/1/Quang_Nguyen_Thesis.pdf.
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This dissertation is the first to examine the impact of differing fisheries management objectives and potential trade-offs with respect to technical efficiency. Understanding this relationship is important, as fisheries managed with strong social objectives, such as maintaining livelihoods, may, potentially trap individuals in inefficient, low-income production systems. The key conclusions were that fisheries managed with strong economic objectives resulted in higher technical efficiency than those with social objectives. However, other factors (including efficiency estimation methods used, model specifications, input measures) also have an impact on technical efficiency levels. Hence, technical efficiency estimates between fisheries should be compared with caution.
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Chen, Ta-Yuan. "Taiwanese offshore (distant water) fisheries in Southeast Asia, 1936-1977." Thesis, Chen, Ta-Yuan (2007) Taiwanese offshore (distant water) fisheries in Southeast Asia, 1936-1977. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2007. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/652/.
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The Japanese colonial fisheries authorities of pre-war Taiwan played an important role in the diffusion of offshore and distant water fishing methods. Two of the main fisheries in post-war Taiwan, the longline and trawl fisheries, were introduced from Japan during the pre-war period. Although Taiwan's fishing industry was devastated in the course of World War Two, with financial aid from the international community and the government's policy guidance, it was revived in a comparatively brief period of time. Fishing vessels from Taiwan, especially Kaohsiung, soon became, once again, a common sight in the waters of Southeast Asia. The first part of thesis traces the pre-war historical background, the government's post-war policy guidance and the birth of Taiwan's offshore and distant water fishing industry in Southeast Asia after World War Two.
After the Chinese communists came to power in 1949 Taiwan's fishing communities were placed under the strict surveillance of the Kuomintang authorities out of consideration for national security. The Taiwanese Government and the military adopted a variety of measures to control and regulate the development of the fishing communities. Also, the people in the fishing industry did their best to cope with the Government intervention.
To safeguard their onshore business interests, Kaohsiung's fishing companies also put considerable energy and effort into dealing with local shipyards, ice-manufacturers, and other fishing ancillary industries. Vessel owners developed industry partnership with those who were cooperative, and either avoided or boycotted those who were viewed as a potential nemesis. With a view to analysing the interactions between the fishing industry, the Government, the military, and key ancillary industries, the second part of the thesis focuses upon the history of Taiwan's post-war fishing industry from the perspective of the national-industrial level.
The development of Kaohsiung's fishing industry was also deeply affected by ethnic factors. Siao Liouciou fishers were solely dedicated to the longline fishing method; Shandong people preferred to be involved in pair-trawl fishing. The final part of the thesis further narrows down the scope of the history of Taiwan's fishing industry to the local level context of the fishing communities. The histories of six fishing companies are used to compare the cultures and management styles of the trawling and longlining fisheries. Finally, the fishers' daily lives in the waters of Southeast Asia, and the culture and routine practices of Kaohsiung's fishing communities are explored in depth.
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Chen, Ta-Yuan. "Taiwanese offshore (distant water) fisheries in Southeast Asia, 1936-1977." Chen, Ta-Yuan (2007) Taiwanese offshore (distant water) fisheries in Southeast Asia, 1936-1977. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2007. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/652/.
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The Japanese colonial fisheries authorities of pre-war Taiwan played an important role in the diffusion of offshore and distant water fishing methods. Two of the main fisheries in post-war Taiwan, the longline and trawl fisheries, were introduced from Japan during the pre-war period. Although Taiwan's fishing industry was devastated in the course of World War Two, with financial aid from the international community and the government's policy guidance, it was revived in a comparatively brief period of time. Fishing vessels from Taiwan, especially Kaohsiung, soon became, once again, a common sight in the waters of Southeast Asia. The first part of thesis traces the pre-war historical background, the government's post-war policy guidance and the birth of Taiwan's offshore and distant water fishing industry in Southeast Asia after World War Two.
After the Chinese communists came to power in 1949 Taiwan's fishing communities were placed under the strict surveillance of the Kuomintang authorities out of consideration for national security. The Taiwanese Government and the military adopted a variety of measures to control and regulate the development of the fishing communities. Also, the people in the fishing industry did their best to cope with the Government intervention.
To safeguard their onshore business interests, Kaohsiung's fishing companies also put considerable energy and effort into dealing with local shipyards, ice-manufacturers, and other fishing ancillary industries. Vessel owners developed industry partnership with those who were cooperative, and either avoided or boycotted those who were viewed as a potential nemesis. With a view to analysing the interactions between the fishing industry, the Government, the military, and key ancillary industries, the second part of the thesis focuses upon the history of Taiwan's post-war fishing industry from the perspective of the national-industrial level.
The development of Kaohsiung's fishing industry was also deeply affected by ethnic factors. Siao Liouciou fishers were solely dedicated to the longline fishing method; Shandong people preferred to be involved in pair-trawl fishing. The final part of the thesis further narrows down the scope of the history of Taiwan's fishing industry to the local level context of the fishing communities. The histories of six fishing companies are used to compare the cultures and management styles of the trawling and longlining fisheries. Finally, the fishers' daily lives in the waters of Southeast Asia, and the culture and routine practices of Kaohsiung's fishing communities are explored in depth.
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Wagner, Brian Keith. "Modelling to compare harvest regulations in recreational fisheries : case study of smallmouth bass fisheries /." Thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08252008-162744/.
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Brotz, Lucas. "Jellyfish fisheries of the world." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/60243.
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Fisheries for jellyfish (primarily scyphomedusae) have a long history in Asia, where people have been catching and processing jellyfish as food for centuries. More recently, jellyfish fisheries have expanded to the Western Hemisphere, often driven by demand from buyers in Asia as well as collapses of more traditional local finfish and shellfish stocks. Despite this history and continued expansion, jellyfish fisheries are understudied, and relevant information is sparse and disaggregated. Catches of jellyfish are often not reported explicitly, with countries including them in fisheries statistics as “miscellaneous invertebrates” or not at all. Research and management of jellyfish fisheries is scant to nonexistent. Processing technologies for edible jellyfish have not advanced, and present major concerns for environmental and human health. Presented here is the first global assessment of jellyfish fisheries, including identification of countries that catch jellyfish, as well as which species are targeted. A global catch reconstruction is performed for jellyfish landings from 1950 to 2013, as well as an estimate of mean contemporary catches. Results reveal that all investigated aspects of jellyfish fisheries have been underestimated, including the number of fishing countries, the number of targeted species, and the magnitudes of catches. Contemporary global landings of jellyfish are at least 750,000 tonnes annually, more than double previous estimates. Jellyfish have historically been understudied, resulting in the current dearth of knowledge on population dynamics and jellyfish fishery management. However, many of the tools used in traditional fisheries science, such as length-frequency analysis, can be applied to jellyfish, as demonstrated herein. Research priorities are identified, along with a prospective outlook on the future of jellyfish fisheries.Science, Faculty of
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Sutton, Abigail. "Leadership in small-scale fisheries." Thesis, University of York, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14387/.
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Small-scale fisheries (SSF) management approaches which place communities at the centre of decision making are becoming increasingly popular. Local leadership is crucial to participative methods due to increased responsibility placed on local actors. Despite its importance, an initial literature review revealed limited, focused SSFs leadership research. This thesis aimed to contribute to the emerging field of SSF leadership and increase understanding of leadership processes. My objectives were to identify key leadership research gaps, explore how leadership interacts with other important contextual conditions, decipher the influences on effective leadership, and discuss how leadership can facilitate more effective SSFs management. I used a multi-method approach to research leadership at a global scale which includes Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) and interviewing. My research finds leadership to be complex, uncertain and dynamic. Leadership acts alone or in combination with other contextual conditions, to influence positive and negative, social and ecological outcomes. Numerous factors influence the propensity of an individual to engage with leadership, such as worldviews, resource constraints at the individual and community level, and interactions with other social actors. Despite the move to participatory approaches there are still numerous concerns about SSFs management, such as the sustainability of community-based organizations. A key finding is that leadership will have an increasingly important role to play in improving the longevity of community-based organizations through processes such as leaderful organizations, succession planning, and capacity building. Leadership is a new research field; therefore this work is of an explanatory nature in terms of its focus and use of novel methodologies. My research identifies important areas for further analysis, such as deciphering the influence of high level leadership on local processes, and investigating how to develop leaderful organizations. Future research should build on my findings to enhance knowledge of leadership functions and processes.
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Sinerchia, Matteo. "Testing theories on fisheries recruitment." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.443851.
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I have designed, coded and tested a new ecosystem model (the Lagrangian Ensemble Recruitment Model or LERM) to predict fisheries recruitment in a Virtual Ecosystem. This LERM is based on the Lagrangian Ensemble metamodel, which treats plankton as individuals obeying phenotypic equations for behaviour and physiology. The model extends the classical food chain. Physical environment is computed by submodels for optics (Liu, 25 spectral bands) and turbulence (WB mixed layer model). Chemical environment includes three nutrients (ammonia, nitrate, silicate) in solution and in Droop pools in each plankter. Diatoms feature Geider photo-adaptation, in which the growth rate and chlorophyll content of a cell vary with ambient irradiance, temperature and nutrient concentration. Copepods perform diel migration; ingestion is based on gut capacity; the ingested carbon is dynamically allocated to lipid, protein and carapace pools. Growth is staged to allow size specific ingestion by predators. They have an energy cost for each metabolic activity (basal, digestion, swimming). Squid include an explicit embryonic phase (temperature dependent) that determines the size and stoichiometry of the hatchling. They feed visually on the copepods and smaller squid, until they grow too big and switch diet. As in the copepods, respiration is related to activities (basal, new tissue production, swimming, feeding), which vary independently. Squid paralarvae are eaten by top predators with exogenous demography (trophic closure). The model is being used to realistically describe the trophic relations within the ecosystem (e.g. predator-prey interactions) and to test Cushing’s match-mismatch theory.
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Condie, Harriet. "Discarding in UK commercial fisheries." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2013. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/48716/.
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Discarding, or returning unwanted catch to the sea, is a common feature of European fisheries, and is widely acknowledged as morally wrong. It wastes food and economic resources, and has contributed to overfishing in EU stocks. However, under the current Common Fisheries Policy (CFP), catch that is below minimum landings sizes, exceeds quota, or does not match catch composition regulations must be discarded. The high profile of discarding in recent years has put pressure on the European Commission (EC) to reform the CFP. A key objective is to eliminate discards and reduce unwanted catches. A discard ban and catch quotas for regulated species will be implemented. The EC argues that this will create strong incentives for more selective fishing, but little supporting evidence from EC fisheries is available. This thesis aims to present such evidence. A desk based analysis of a number of global fisheries found that a discard ban in isolation created little or no incentive to avoid unwanted catches; supporting measures were required to encourage more selective fishing practices. Analysis of the potential impact of introducing a discard ban on English North Sea otter trawlers supported this finding. Models using economic, logbook and observer data showed that the cost of capturing unwanted catch is minimal unless a cap is placed on total catches. Catch quotas cap fishing mortality, creating a strong incentive to reduce catches of limiting species. This incentive is unequally distributed between and within fleets, and is strongest for the least selective vessels. If catch compositions are not adjusted to match available quota, substantial reductions in revenue could occur. So under the reformed CFP discards of regulated species could be eliminated, the cost of catching unwanted fish will be passed onto the fishers, and strong incentives for more selective fishing practices will be generated.
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Alencar, Carlos Alexandre Gomes de. "Fisheries and poverty in Brazil." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2014. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=13492.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel SuperiorThis study aims to make an approach on fisheries and poverty issues, which concepts have been used by several authors to present relations between these two issues. There are two contrasting interpretations in the literature on the relationship between fisheries and poverty. The first relates to the view that "they are fishermen, so they are poor". This is the perception of "endemic poverty" which is felt by the fishermen and that, regardless of what they try to do, remain poor. The second interpretation refers to the idea commonly transmitted in that the relationship between fisheries and poverty refers to the distributive role of fishing, or to the fact that fishing (because of its nature of open access) offers a poor livelihood by fishing activity. In other words this is the view that "they are poor, so the fishing is left to them". The socioeconomic profile of Brazilian fishermen for the year 2010, concludes that the Brazilian professional fishermen are mostly artisanal class, which represents 99.14% of the total 824,814 registered professionals. The average age was 39.21 years, with regional and gender differences. Unmarried predominates in the sector, with 49.92% of the total. Most fishermen have incomplete primary education (79.46%) or are either illiterate (6.53%). Informality prevails in the fishing industry with the activity as an individual work or as household economy. This fact is directly related to the character of the artisanal fisheries in Brazil. Furthermore, Brazilian fishermen have been reduced the amount of goods purchased over time, which may be indicative of a deterioration in activity. Regional differences are observed in almost all variables studied RGP. When faced socioeconomic indicators of the Brazilian population, the country may be divided into two groups, the first formed by the North, Northeast and Midwest regions, less developed than the Southeast and South regions. The distribution and concentration of Brazilian fishermen follows this characteristic of the indicators of population while maintaining strong relationship with poverty vulnerability (as more fishermen, more vulnerable) and the IDHM, especially regarding its education component.
O presente trabalho aborda os temas pesca e pobreza, cujos conceitos tÃm sido utilizados por diversos autores para apresentar relaÃÃes entre os dois temas. Existem duas interpretaÃÃes contrastantes na literatura sobre a relaÃÃo entre a pesca e a pobreza. A primeira relata a visÃo de que âsÃo pescadores, portanto sÃo pobresâ. Esta à a percepÃÃo da âpobreza endÃmicaâ a qual à sentida pelos pescadores e que, independente do que eles tentam fazer, continuarÃo pobres. A segunda interpretaÃÃo refere-se à ideia comumente transmitida na literatura de que a relaÃÃo entre pesca e pobreza deve-se ao papel distributivo da pesca, ou seja, ao fato de que a pesca (por causa de sua natureza de livre acesso) oferece aos pobres um meio de subsistÃncia por meio da atividade de pesca. Em outras palavras essa à a visÃo de que âsÃo pobres, portanto pescar à o que lhes restaâ. Foi elaborado o perfil socioeconÃmico dos pescadores brasileiros para o ano de 2010, onde conclui-se que os pescadores profissionais brasileiros sÃo majoritariamente da classe artesanal, que representa 99,14% do total de 824.814 profissionais registrados. A mÃdia de idade foi de 39,21 anos, com diferenÃas regionais e de gÃnero. Predomina no setor os pescadores solteiros, com 49,92% do total. A maioria dos pescadores possuem o ensino fundamental incompleto (79,46%) ou sÃo analfabetos (6,53%). A informalidade no setor pesqueiro à mais presente, por meio do trabalho individual ou economia familiar. Tal fato està diretamente relacionado com o carÃter essencialmente artesanal da pesca no Brasil. AlÃm disso, os pescadores brasileiros tÃm sofrido uma reduÃÃo da quantidade de bens adquiridos ao longo do tempo, o que pode ser indicativo de uma deterioraÃÃo da atividade. Hà diferenÃas regionais em praticamente todas as variÃveis estudadas. Quando confrontados os indicadores socioeconÃmicos da populaÃÃo brasileira, fica mais evidente a divisÃo do paÃs em dois grupos, sendo o primeiro formado pelas regiÃes Norte, Nordeste e Centro-Oeste, de caracterÃsticas menos desenvolvidas que as regiÃes Sudeste e Sul. A distribuiÃÃo e concentraÃÃo dos pescadores brasileiros acompanha essa caracterÃstica dos indicadores da populaÃÃo, mantendo forte relaÃÃo com a vulnerabilidade à pobreza (quanto mais pescadores, mais vulnerÃvel) e com o IDHM, principalmente quanto ao seu componente relacionado à educaÃÃo.
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Dawson, Robert Donald. "Vertical Integration in Commercial Fisheries." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28627.
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Vertical integration has received much attention in the last 25 years and there are well-known theories that explain this behavior. However, the one common thread that runs through virtually all of this research is the assumption of private property rights. Very little attention has been paid to how firms behave when the property rights structure under which they operate changes. The commercial fishing industry is a prime example of an industry where property rights have shifted. Due to problems of over-fishing and over-capitalization, economists have championed the conversion of fisheries from common property or open access resources, to private property through the use of quota programs.
Research shows that quota management is effective in reducing capitalization in fisheries, yet there are questions about other effects the programs might have. Among these is a concern over increased vertical integration. Some argue that this is leading to a loss of the independent fisherman that is a part of U.S. history, much like family farms. There is also concern that increased vertical integration is in turn leading to decreased competition in these markets; by owning the quota that is required to fish, processors are increasing their power over the market for unprocessed fish. In response to these and other concerns, the United States Congress imposed a moratorium on the implementation of individual transferable quota-style (ITQ) programs in 1996. Speculation aside, however, there is no empirical evidence to confirm or refute that the use of quota management actually leads to increased vertical coordination.
Three fisheries are used as case studies to analyze what affects the decision to vertically coordinate in commercial fisheries. The traditional reasons for vertical integration are to lower transaction costs or to foreclose a market. But now a new factor, shifting property rights, is also considered. Results indicate that the individual characteristics of the fishery are more important than the management or property rights regime itself. This gives some direction to designing management programs that meet our desire to reduce over-capitalization and over-fishing, yet avoid increasing vertical coordination, all the while minimizing the loss of resource rent in the fishery.Ph. D.
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Howard, Penny McCall. ""Working the ground" labour, environment and techniques at sea in Scotland." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2012. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=185673.
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Drawing on ethnographic research undertaken at sea in north-west Scotland, this thesis builds a labour and class analysis of human-environment and human-machine relations. Fishing 'grounds' are constituted through metabolisms of labour as fishermen develop the affordances of their environments to make them productive. Places are constituted as fishermen transform them through their labour, judge them as significant through their productivity, and name them through the social process of collectively developing their affordances. Fishermen have developed complex techniques for extending their bodily senses far beneath the sea and working there. Tension is manipulated in these extended working practices, and control over these processes must be maintained in order for them to be carried out safely. However, social relations can affect the exercise of control and the practice of maintenance to shape tools and machines around one's body and according to one's intentions. Techniques for moving through the land and seascape include tools and electronic devices such as the GPS, and market and class relations affect what tools are developed and how skippers and crew relate to them. Market pressures are incorporated into the daily lives and subjectivities of commercial fishermen, and can determine the species that are targeted and what techniques are used. They have also affected the relation between fishing boat owners, skippers, and crew as a transition from shared ownership and shared payment to casual labour and low-waged migrant labour has taken place. Class relations affect fishing techniques, subjectivities, their exposure to violence and danger in their work, their control over their own practices and skills, the balance between their work and the rest of their lives, the cosmopolitainisation of their workplaces, and their ability to develop affordances according to their own interests. Work under capitalism is regularly experienced both as an alienating and as a relational, and people develop multiple subjectivities which they draw on as they decide how to act. An 'ideology of nature' has developed with capitalist class relations and division of labour which contributes to mainstream conceptions of the sea as a wilderness where human labour is only destructive.
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Fike, William H. "Lobster Sampling Trap." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2007. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/FikeWH2007.pdf.
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Stephens, Andi. "Assessment in salmon and groundfish fisheries /." Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2005. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
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Northridge, Simon Patrick. "Interactions between fisheries and marine mammals." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/46474.
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Morato, Gomes Telmo Alexandre Fernandes. "Ecology and fisheries of seamount ecosystems." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31091.
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This thesis explores some fundamental questions about seamount ecology and fisheries. Initially, I characterized the seamount distribution on the Azores Exclusive Economic Zone using two bathymetry datasets. The algorithm developed was able to map and describe 63 large and 332 small seamount-like features in the EEZ of the Azores. The distribution suggests that large proportion of seamounts occur in chains along the Mid Atlantic Ridge, however, few isolated seamounts are also present in the Azores. In clarifying how seamounts affect primary productivity, I show that primary production enhancement is not sufficient to support often-observed large aggregations of fish. My work supports an alternative hypothesis, that a horizontal flux of prey is the key factor in sustaining rich communities living on seamounts. Additionally, the importance of seamounts to some large pelagic fish, marine mammals and seabirds is also demonstrated. In the case of skipjack and bigeye tuna, common dolphin and Cory's shearwater, these species were significantly more abundant in the vicinity of some seamount summits. I found that seamounts may act as feeding stations for some of these visitors. The methodology developed, however, failed to demonstrate seamounts' association for bottlenose dolphins, spotted dolphin, sperm whale, terns, yellow-legged gull, and loggerhead sea turtles. Fisheries exploitation is a major threat to seamount ecosystems, but I am not presently able to quantify the amount of catches taken from seamounts around the world. Instead, 1 demonstrate that global landings of demersal marine fishes have shifted to deeper water species over the last 50 years, an indirect indication that seamounts have also increased in importance. Moreover, I show that 'deep-water', 'seamount' and 'seamount-aggregating' fish stocks may be at serious risk of depletion, since their life histories render them highly vulnerable to overfishing with little resilience to overexploitation. Finally, ecosystem modelling analyses indicate that sustainable seamount fisheries with tolerable ecosystem impacts can be found only by maximizing an 'ecological' objective function. This suggests that industrial fisheries are not viable on seamounts. However, regulated small-scale artisanal fishing fleets could be sustained by seamount ecosystems.Science, Faculty of
Resources, Environment and Sustainability (IRES), Institute for
Graduate
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Reinhardt, Gilles. "Bioeconomic modelling: An application to fisheries." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5714.
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This thesis presents a bioeconomic model of a commercial fishery. Emphasis is on the decision making processes of the harvesting sector. A model of dynamic decision making by fishermen is developed to study the biological and economic impact of the commercial exploitation of the Georges Bank scallops fishery (Placopecten Magellanicus). Stock biomass abundance dynamics are modelled using Deriso's age structured population model. Growth rate, mortality rates and recruitment are included as part of the biological component of the model. Decision making by fishermen is modelled using two discrete decision algorithms, myopic and adaptive. The myopic model provides the fisherman with the area yielding the highest immediate expected return on the basis of cost, expected catch and the current measure of biomass abundance. A computer model simulates the application of both the myopic and adaptive algorithms by a single fisherman as well as by a fleet of fishermen. In the later case, each fisherman is assumed to be initially identical and independent of the others in the fleet with respect to landings and catch information compiled. Vessel performance is measured in terms of total catch, total costs, landed values and net incomes. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Hatton, Ian. "Graphical decision analysis of exploited fisheries." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=80287.
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The depletion of a great many conventional fish stocks is urgent testimony for fisheries management to evaluate risk and uncertainty in an interpretable manner. We propose a novel decision based approach to time-series analysis that explores the spectrum of alternative population trajectories, each of which can be formulated as hypotheses about the state of the fishery. In the first chapter, we evaluate the ability of different regions of the surplus production state space to describe the true state of three North American fisheries: Pacific cod, porbeagle shark and yellowtail flounder. We consider how environmental variability and life history traits may alter our assumptions about population productivity, and we lay the foundation for a decision based age-structured analysis. In the second chapter, the approach is extended further into the ecological realm by considering how community interactions between Atlantic cod and harp seals can be represented in state space. Our results indicate that since the fishing moratorium in 1992, harp seals have potentially lowered cod productivity, preventing their recovery.
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Almeida, Oriana Trindade de. "Fisheries management in the Brazilian Amazon." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.415981.
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Meraz, Hernando Juan Francisco. "Seabird ecology in relation to fisheries." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2011. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2684/.
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Previous research has hinted at changes in the migratory patterns of seabirds nesting in Scotland, including a decreasing number of Northern Gannets Morus bassanus wintering in the North Sea, and an increase in numbers of Northern Gannets and Great Skuas Stercorarius skua spending the winter off north-western Africa (NWA). Both species show increasing numbers of colonies in northern areas, including Norway and Russia. These seabird species move through the North Sea during autumn migration, and from there search for favourable wintering grounds mainly around Iberia, including the Atlantic coast of Portugal, the Bay of Biscay and the Gulf of Cadiz. By means of historic ring recovery data, provided by the British Trust for Ornithology, it was possible to establish that the number of records of adults of both species are increasing in recent years from NWA coasts, despite having to attend their nests in the colonies and, as a result, having limited time to migrate south. Differences were observed in ring recovery locations between years and months. The number of ring recoveries by month coincides with records from observation points along the coast of Western Europe. However, ring recovery data are limited and potentially biased. Using data loggers, it was possible to establish that both species are diurnal in habits during the entire winter period, showing noticeable differences in the times spent flying during the migration months (September-October) and during the wintering and breeding months (January and March respectively), and to confirm the increasing tendency to winter off NWA in recent years. Analyses of fishing landings, discard rates, and sea surface temperature data, show that food available to Northern Gannets and Great Skuas is increasing in NWA coasts where oceanographic conditions are stable; in contrast in the North Sea fisheries are decreasing and the sea surface is warming. Both species are apparently changing their migratory behaviour in order to face the constant changes in the abundance of food. Given the long life-span of Northern Gannets and Great Skuas, genetic changes can be ruled out of an explanation for the changes in migration behaviour, and the fact that the changes in winter distribution appear to be occurring within one generation of the birds. The winter distribution of Northern Gannets and Great Skuas may be due to an ideal free distribution over a wide range, in response to changes in the distribution of fish and the availability of discards.
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Cunningham, S. "Fisheries management within the enlarged EEC." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.372077.
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Al-Ansi, Mohsin Abdulla. "Fisheries of the state of Qatar." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262916.
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Total fish landings in Qatar increased from 1736t in 1980 to 7845t in 1992. Around 93% of this growth was due to an increase in the artisanal fleet. this increase was exemplified by increases in i) numbers of vessels from 174 to 422, ii) numbers of fishermen from 573 to 1962, iii) mean vessel power from 30 to 67 kW. The mean Qatar National Fishing Company (QNFC) CPUE during 1984 to 1991 was 112.4 kg.h-1. The QNFC trawlers ceased operation in 1992 when market share by value of catch had declined to 4.6%. The artisanal fleet continued to land a greater variety of high value species with landings reaching 6996t during 1993. Market 'consumption' of Siganus spp. generally increased during the spawning season. Females may release > 1 million eggs (mean - 400,000, ± 43,000) in a single spawning, generally between March and May. Spawning was later in 1993 than 1992 and is possibly linked to the lunar cycle. The main spawning grounds of Siganus are around islands, the coastline and coral reefs. Most fry were found in bays and lagoons near Wakrah and Dhakirah, no fry were found in mangroves. S. canaliculatus can reach maturity by year one (females at 14.5cm, males at 13.5cm total length) but most reach maturation in year two. S. canaliculatus is probably best aged by vertebral annuli, other studies also suggest it can easily withstand a salinities up to 58. Gulf salinity is approximately 42. Imposition of a closed season during April-May is recommended, particularly at sites close to the coastline and islands. Penaeus semisulcatus accounted for 97.5% by weight of total shrimp catches during this study. The mean annual CPUE for this species was 16.6 (S.D. 9.96) and 3.03 (S.D.2.2) kg.h-1 at Doha and Khore respectively (1992-93).
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Mangi, Stephen C. "Gear management in Kenya's coastal fisheries." Thesis, University of York, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.428447.
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Torres, Julio Alejandro Pena. "Economic analysis of marine industrial fisheries." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1996. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/28956.
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This thesis is a collection of essays on the problem of overfishing in multifirm fisheries with a common property fish stock. We focus on the case of marine industrial fisheries, where the costs of preventing free riding tend to preclude cooperative harvesting. We study the overfishing problem by analysing harvesting incentives that stem from variations in (i) technological (cost, production and biological growth) functions, (ii) institutional factors (access schemes, regulatory agencies' instruments and their monitoring and enforcement powers, harvesting competition), and (iii) objective functions (private firms' planning horizons, welfare functions). Chapter 2 discusses conditions under which a fishing collapse can occur and examines the commonly held argument that fishing collapse is a public bad. Chapter 3 studies Chilean fishing regulations over the last five decades. The regulator's persistent inability to enforce annual quotas is analysed. Distributive disputes and triggered lobbying powers are examined. The late 1980s controversies over a new Chilean fishing law are analysed in-depth from this perspective. Chapter 4 explains the main motivations and key assumptions leading us to the oligopoly harvesting models of chapters 5 (static setting) and 6 (dynamic setting). These models focus on a deterministic single fish species and a single sector harvesting fishery composed of profit maximizing and price taking private firms that compete with each other by following non-cooperative harvesting strategies. These models examine the overfishing rankings that result from comparing Cournot-Nash and Stackelberg equilibria. First best and second best welfare benchmarks are considered. The Cournot-Nash setting is intended to illustrate a large number oligopolistic fishery, while the Stackelberg equilibrium is meant to be a first approximation to analyse the implications of harvesting fisheries subject to industrial concentration. Empirical evidence suggesting the presence of industrial concentration in a series of important marine industrial fisheries is described in chapters 3 and 4.
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Papaioannou, Maria Andriana. "Fisheries management and flags of convenience." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/33432.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Ocean Engineering, 2004.Page 123 blank.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 105-107).
The over-exploitation of the world's fish resources and the depletion of many fish stocks have brought into focus the need for effective fisheries management and conservation measures. Many states have adopted international instruments or have participated in regional conservation committees to regulate and control fishing activities within their jurisdiction as well as on the high seas. However, compliance with the provisions of the fishery laws has been limited and as fishing restrictions increase, more incidents of illegal, unregulated and unreported (IUU) fishing activities are being reported. IUU fishing is facilitated by the use of flags of convenience (FOC), which enable fishing vessel owners to escape regulations, and often avoid liability for their actions. Many measures have been introduced and many existing laws have been reinforced to address the implications of FOCs in effective fisheries management. However, the FOC fishing fleet continues to increase, indicating that there are flaws in the current regulatory scheme. The objective of this thesis is to identify those flaws by examining both the conservation regime for fisheries as well as the role of FOCs in the world's fish trade, rather than focusing solely on their negative impact.
(cont.) By studying the rationale for the decisions of all participants in the fishing industry, from lawmakers, to major traders, we conclude that increasing transparency and flag state responsibility, although necessary, will not eliminate IUU fishing. FOCs are not the driving force for illegal fishing; on the contrary, they are the means to serve the purpose, which in this case is the satisfaction of high demand for high-valued scarce fishery resources.
by Maria Andriana Papaioannou.
S.M.
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Reedy-Maschner, Katherine Lena. "Aleut identity and indigenous commercial fisheries." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.616040.
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Karagiannakos, Apostolos. "Fisheries management in the European Communities." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1994. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU060624.
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In 1971, the European Communities introduced a Common Fisheries Policy (CFP), which was more fully developed in 1983. Its success remains largely questionable because it has failed to conserve fish stocks, has been unable to tackle the problem of vessel overcapacity or to generate rents from the fishery resource. This thesis presents an overview of the main components of the CFP and assesses their impact on different aspects of the fishing industry. The economic and biological knowledge on which the fisheries management is based has been evaluated and a management scheme for reforming the CFP is proposed. The thesis initially surveys the literatures in fisheries economics and in fish population dynamics. These should provide the basis for efficient management, and their role is evaluated. European Community institutions and the procedures which are involved in the policy formation are examined. Particular attention is paid to the evolution of the legislative framework of the Common Fisheries Policy from its establishment to the latest developments. The work evaluates the main constituent parts of the CFP, whose objectives are the rational development of the production factors, a fair standard of living for the producers, a stable market and the availability of supplies for consumers. The main conclusions reached are that the policy has been consistent with a decline in fish stocks, an increase in vessel capacity, a failure to stabilise market prices and a decline in the average fisherman's income. These outcomes can be attributed largely to an inadequate policy framework, which ignores the main conclusions of fisheries economics, and to an inadequate system of information gathering and of policing the regulations.
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Potts, Tavis William. "Sustainability indicators in marine capture fisheries." Connect to this title online, 2003. http://eprints.utas.edu.au/234/.
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Ish, Teresa Lin. "Conceptual tools for managing two Monterey Bay fisheries." scroll down to "CSTAR Publications, Theses and Technical Reports" section to link to desired title, 2003. http://www.cse.ucsc.edu/%7Emsmangel/CSTAR.html.
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Smith, Kristen Lynn. "Fisheries co-management and the Tahltan First Nation, from the aboriginal fisheries strategy to a treaty regime." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ33808.pdf.
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Miller, Timothy Jason. "Estimation of catch parameters from a fishery observer program with multiple objectives /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6379.
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Grace-Mccaskey, Cynthia. "Fishermen, Politics, and Participation: An Ethnographic Examination of Commercial Fisheries Management in St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands." Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4054.
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Currently, there is widespread debate regarding the overall status of the world's fisheries, with some researchers projecting their total collapse in only a few decades, and others concluding the situation is not quite as bleak. Additional debates include what strategies should be used to manage fisheries at various scales, and further research is needed to determine which strategies are most appropriate for use in particular situations and locales, as context is critical.
Recently, prominent common pool resources scholars have expressed the need for ethnographic approaches to studying resource management institutions in order to move beyond the current focus of simply identifying the factors and conditions that lead to the self-organization of resource users and long-term sustainability of management institutions. These authors describe the need for examining the larger context in which management institutions exist and taking various historical, political, and sociocultural factors into account when examining common pool resources. This dissertation is a response to that request.
This research is the result of over 20 months of ethnographic research in St. Croix, United States Virgin Islands (USVI). Drawing on research in political ecology and building on anthropological critiques of common pool resource institutions, I describe the historical, social, and political factors that influence how fisheries management occurs at the federal and territorial levels, and how commercial fishers, managers, and other stakeholders experience and participate in multi-scale management processes. Ethnographic data suggest that there are a variety of historical, social, and political factors that influence how commercial fishers, managers, and other stakeholders perceive the federal fisheries management process, the extent of their participation in that process, as well as interactions within and between stakeholder groups. Additionally, the mismatch that exists between the centralized management structure of the US federal system and the small-scale, multi-method nature of St. Croix's fishery creates a complex management environment in which few stakeholders participate.
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Brennan, William J. "Overcoming Transaction Cost Impediments to Resolving the Dilemma of Collective Action in the New England Fisheries." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2002. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/BrennanWJ2002.pdf.
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Ririnui, Teneti, and n/a. "The recognition of Maori customary fisheries in New Zealand�s fisheries management regime : a case study of taiapure." University of Otago. Department of Geography, 1997. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070530.143237.
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The Treaty of Waitangi specifically recognises the rights of Maori to control and manage their fisheries resources. However, since the imposition of fisheries legislation in New Zealand, this right has been consistently eroded. It is only recently that Maori customary fisheries rights have been given a degree of recognition in New Zealand�s fisheries management regime.
The taiapure provisions of the Fisheries Act 1996 are one of the few policy initiatives available for Maori to manage their fisheries resources in accordance with their customary tikanga. This study examines the effectiveness of the taiapure legislation in providing for Maori customary fisheries management. The Maketu taiapure in the Bay of Plenty is studied to analyse the implementation of the initiative at the local level.
The study has found that there are limitations inherent in the legislation and that these are further complicated by inadequacies in its implementation. Recommendations regarding the size, management and establishment process, are made at the conclusion of the study to highlight the amendments needed for the taiapure provisions to properly recognise and provide for the role of Maori, as Treaty partners, in the management of their local fisheries.
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Kaye, Stuart B. "International fisheries management, a comparative analysis of legal approaches to management in the context of polar fisheries regimes." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0020/NQ49269.pdf.
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Hutton, Trevor Patrick. "Fisheries management policy in South Africa : an evaluation of alternative management strategies for the Hake and Linefish fisheries." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0020/NQ56561.pdf.
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Al-Mukhaini, Hilal Mohamed. "Fisheries management in Oman : the relevance of local community participation in fisheries management in Sur, the Eastern region." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.415376.
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Nthane, Tsele Tommy. "Understanding the livelihoods of small-scale fisheries in Lamberts Bay : implications for the new small-scale fisheries policy." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15688.
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Small-scale fishers (SSFs) are among the most vulnerable socio-economic groups because of their high dependence on marine resource harvesting. While small-scale fisheries employ the overwhelming majority of the world's fishers and contribute substantially to the global catch, they are, on the whole, marginalised and ignored. Despite their importance in providing food security and livelihoods in coastal communities, state management authorities routinely neglect small-scale fisheries in favour of industrial fisheries. In South Africa, the exclusion of small-scale fishers is intricately linked with the oppressive policies of the apartheid government, which limited access to the fisheries for the largely Black and Coloured smallscale fishers. Changes within fisheries management practices led to the development of management tools that moved away from conventional resource-centred strategies, to management approaches that recognised the complexity of natural and ecological processes inherent within small-scale fisheries. Many of these new approaches have been embraced in South Africa's new small-scale fisheries policy. The policy represents a long line of arguably failed attempts at reforming South African fisheries undertaken by the South African government. While the policy is unique in the scale of participation by the small-scale fishers themselves it is still faced with the hurdle of implementation. The adoption of the individual rights approach embodied by the individual quota (IQ) system in the post-apartheid reforms has led to divisions within the community. Fishing rights benefited a small elite and disenfranchised many more fishers for whom fishing was a livelihood, but were excluded from the rights allocations. The new small-scale fisheries policy is widely acknowledged as progressive and carries the hope of inclusion for small-scale fishers along South Africa's coasts. After decades of disenfranchisement and individual rights allocations, the major challenge in the new policy's implementation will be dealing with the range of complex and unique communities in which the policy will be carried out. The purpose of this study was to establish a profile of the Lamberts Bay small-scale fisher groups and their perceptions regarding the new small-scale fisher policy, in order to inform the policy's implementation in Lamberts Bay.
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Davis, Michelle L. "Assessment of the South Atlantic red porgy (Pagrus pagrus) population under a moratorium." Connect to this title online, 2003. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-01062004-090503/.
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March, Morlà David. "Geospatial modeling in marine recreational fisheries science." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/283186.
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El presente trabajo de tesis doctoral propone diferentes enfoques geoespaciales destinados al análisis de la dimensión espacial de las pesquerías recreativas costeras utilizando métodos cuantitativos y herramientas computacionales. Diferentes tipos de información espacial,relativas a los hábitats bentónicos así como a la movilidad y a la calidad de las capturas, han sido combinadas para estimar el esfuerzo de pesca y las capturas totales, utilizando un enfoque original y espacialmente explícito. El objetivo es el de progresar en la comprensión del comportamiento espacial del pescador a través de un enfoque holístico basado en datos empíricos y modelos estadísticos. La modalidad de pesca del 'roquer', una de las pesquerías recreativas costeras más populares en el Mediterráneo, ha sido utilizada como caso de estudio en la bahía de Palma (en el Mediterráneo noroccidental).This thesis proposes different geospatial approaches for assessing the spatial dimension of the coastal recreational fisheries using quantitative methods and computational tools. Spatial information on benthic habitats, fish mobility and fishing quality were combined for estimating fishing effort and harvest using an original spatially-explicit approach. The aim is to advance in our understanding of angler spatial behaviour using a holistic approach based on empirical data and statistical models. In order to illustrate the proposed framework, the ‘roquer’ modality, one of the most popular coastal recreational fisheries in the Mediterranean Sea, was used as case study at Palma Bay (NW Mediterranean).
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Martin, Sarah Margaret. "An integrated analysis of multispecies tropical fisheries." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.538691.
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