Journal articles on the topic 'Fisheries – Hong Kong'
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1
Shuyong, Liu. "Hong Kong: A Survey of its Political and Economic Development over the Past 150 Years." China Quarterly 151 (September 1997): 583–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s030574100004683x.
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Hong Kong has been part of Chinese territory since ancient times. Before the British occupation, Hong Kong had achieved considerable development in agriculture, fisheries, the salt industry, transportation, cultural undertakings and education. It was by no means a desolate and barren land at that time. British troops occupied Hong Kong Island on 25 January 1841 during the Opium War. In August 1842, the British government formally annexed Hong Kong Island by forcing the Qing government to conclude the Sino-British Treaty of Nanking. In the Second Opium War, British troops forcibly occupied Kowloon in 1860. In October the same year, the British government annexed Kowloon after forcing the Qing government to conclude the Sino-British Convention of Peking. When imperialist powers were locked in their bid to carve up and grab spheres of influence in China, Britain again forced the Qing government into signing the Convention for the Extension of Hong Kong Territory in June 1898 by which it leased a large expanse of Chinese territory south of Shenzhen River and north of Boundary Street and some 235 islands, renamed later as the “New Territories,” thus achieving its occupation and control over the entire Hong Kong region.
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Tam, Paul WM. "Application of inflatable dam technology – problems and countermeasures." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 25, no. 2 (April 1, 1998): 383–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l97-090.
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The history of the use of inflatable dams has been a long one in Hong Kong. The first three inflatable dams were constructed in the sixties as an integral part of the Plover Cove Water Supply Scheme. Up to December 1996, a total of 16 inflatable dams had been constructed. The use of rubber as a construction material has been subject to much skepticism. There are many reasons for this and one of them is clearly the problem of durability. Despite the many problems, rubber dams have been successfully implemented in Hong Kong. Most of the rubber dams in Hong Kong had been constructed by the Agriculture and Fisheries Department, Hong Kong Government, for the replacement of polluted agricultural weirs which were still in use. A rubber dam is inflatable and deflatable; when it is inflated, it serves as an agricultural weir (low-level dam) and when it is deflated it functions as a flood mitigation device. This note reviews the problems associated with the application of the technology in Hong Kong. Some countermeasures are suggested.Key words: inflatable dams, flooding, flood mitigation, rubber, weathering, vandalism.
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Coleby, Alastor M., and Eric P. M. Grist. "Fishing Production and Fishing Changes in Hong Kong after the Ground Trawl Ban of 31st December 2012: A Geospatial Evaluation." Journal of Geographical Research 6, no. 1 (February 21, 2023): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.30564/jgr.v6i1.5315.
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From data published by the Hong Kong SAR (HKSAR) government in their two sole fisheries surveys of 2006 and 2016/2017, the authors produced regional maps using spatial interpolation to more accurately describe and estimate the geographic coverage of changes in fishing production in Hong Kong waters since the ground trawl ban of 2012 December 31st. These suggest the fishing industry has adapted to smaller craft, and that fishing production increased in several areas in the period after the ground trawl ban came into effect. In addition, the maps enable a smoother assessment to be made of the geospatial changes in fishing production which have occurred since the ground trawl ban and suggest a ‘workaround’ by fishermen. In particular, small fishing craft known as sampans are able to take advantage by being more suitable vessels for areas such as narrower or shallower bays. Marine plastics pollution is also a proxy indicator of these activities, as evidenced by discarded fishing gear that includes plastic nets, floats, and other fishing boat equipment.
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Cheung, William W. L., and Yvonne Sadovy. "Retrospective evaluation of data-limited fisheries: a case from Hong Kong." Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries 14, no. 2 (June 2004): 181–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11160-004-5422-y.
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Conand, Chantal. "Expansion of global sea cucumber fisheries buoys exports." Revista de Biología Tropical 65, no. 1-1 (December 8, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v65i1-1.31661.
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The sea cucumber fisheries have expanded during the past two decades, at a faster rate than the management capacity. The exploitation is now qualified as ‘serial’ and ‘contagious’. I present the most recent trends from the last six years of the FAO capture data. Hong Kong remains the most important market for the imports and re-exports of the processed products, mainly the dry “trepang” (or bêche-de-mer), but also other product forms, which raised difficulties for the analysis. The catches still increase. with new countries developing export fisheries, species targeted change and new products are traded. Rev. Biol. Trop. 65(Suppl. 1): S1-S10. Epub 2017 November 01.
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Conand, Chantal, Michel Claereboudt, Chamari Dissayanake, Ameer Ebrahim, Stella Fernando, Rodney Godvinden, Thierry Lavitra, et al. "Review of fisheries and management of sea cucumbers in the Indian Ocean." Western Indian Ocean Journal of Marine Science 21, no. 1 (August 23, 2022): 125–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/wiojms.v21i1.10.
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Several sea cucumber species (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) are fished, mostly for export of the dried product for Oriental consumers. Previous studies had analysed the historical trends at the world-scale until 2014. In the Western Indian Ocean (WIO) holothurian fisheries have a long history and several programmes have tried to ameliorate their management. Information has been recently gathered through a questionnaire and access to the most recent, yet unpublished available data (2015 to 2021) from different countries, through the evaluation of catches and/or processed product, present management systems, the imports of beche de mer and other products from Indian Ocean (IO) countries into the major market hub of Hong Kong SAR, and the Food and Agricuture Organisation (FAO) yearly statistics. The results are first presented for WIO countries, highlighting recent improvements in management. Imports from 16 WIO countries into the Hong Kong market (2017-2020 data) indicate the importance of the hub. The FAO world statistics are used to present the changes for the last few years, concentrating on the WIO countries. The recent trends show that demand for holothurians is still very high. Inconsistencies in the unit used in the reported statistics (fresh or dry weight) exist, and this needs to be addressed. The national data should be collected at the species level, to be able to follow the changes and the stock status. A regional approach is needed to encourage use of comparable management tools and follow future trends.
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Li, Yibo, Yuyang Lin, Pengtao Zhang, and Jingrui Pan. "Forecasts for the Ecology and Fisheries Economy of Scottish herring and mackerel." Highlights in Business, Economics and Management 16 (August 2, 2023): 524–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hbem.v16i.10644.
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In this project, we aimed to develop an efficient supervised learning system foranalyzing second-hand sailboat prices in Hong Kong. The project was divided into three main steps: data cleaning and denoising, dimensionality reduction, and efficient supervised learning. In the first step, we successfully cleaned and denoised the data by filling the missing values using mean, mode. We also detected and removed 154 outliers and abnormal points through Q-Q diagram. The remaining data passed the normality test after dimensionless standardization, and we confirmed that they all conformed to a normal distribution. In the second step, we reduced the dimensionality of the data by combining Pearson correlation coefficient and the mRMR algorithm. We selected the top 6 features as the inputs for the supervised learning model. In the third step, we established a supervised learning system with the second-hand sailboat price as the top layer, quality of the sailboat, year of production, region, and volume as the middle layer, and the remaining small index features as the bottom layer. We used an SVM model with penalty conditions for the S-N layer and a random forest model with parameter adjustment for the S-P layer. The S-N model achieved an accuracy of over 85%, AUC of 0.93, while the R2 of the S-P model was greater than 0.87 and the RMSE was less than 0.7, indicating the model was well optimized. Overall, our project successfully established an efficient supervised learning system to analyze second-hand sailboat prices in Hong Kong, providing insights into the regional effect and enabling better decision-making in the sailboat market.
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WILSON, K. "Restoration of Hong Kong fisheries through deployment of artificial reefs in marine protected areas." ICES Journal of Marine Science 59 (October 2002): S157—S163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jmsc.2002.1186.
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Ding, Qi, Xiujuan Shan, Xianshi Jin, and Harry Gorfine. "A multidimensional analysis of marine capture fisheries in China’s coastal provinces." Fisheries Science 87, no. 3 (April 1, 2021): 297–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12562-021-01514-9.
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AbstractChina (herein referred as China’s mainland, and excluding Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan) is the largest contributor to global seafood production. While China’s marine fisheries have been extensively documented, there is a gap in systematically quantifying production of its marine fisheries and the different challenges confronting them at the provincial level. We addressed this gap in spatial detail by providing a review that compares and contrasts the exploitation history of China’s fisheries at both the national and provincial levels based on official statistical data. We expanded upon this to explore aspects of bio-socio-economic challenges faced by the country’s 11 fishing provinces. Our analysis suggested that significant increases in domestic marine catches in China have been accompanied by escalating fishing power, which has had differential impacts at the provincial scale. Catch per unit effort (CPUE) sharply declined at both the national and provincial scales, and many traditionally targeted demersal fish stocks showed clear downward trends in terms of catches. The 11 fishing provinces in China can be grouped into four clusters with distinct biological, social, and economic attributes. Targeted measures are recommended accordingly when implementing fisheries management measures for each specific fishing province in order to deliver an overall improvement in the sustainability of China’s marine fisheries.
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Nur, Muhammad, and M. Hajir Susanto. "Special and Differential Treatment Concept After Buenos Aires Conference and Its Impact for Small Scale Fisheries in Indonesia." Varia Justicia 15, no. 2 (October 29, 2019): 74–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.31603/variajusticia.v15i2.3083.
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The WTO Conference held in Hong Kong in 2005 agreed that subsidies must be immediately abolished by each WTO member country. But the decision was not approved by many countries, especially developing countries and less developed countries, so the concept of Special and Differential Treatment appears. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the extent of this idea's impact on the small-scale fisheries in Indonesia after the Buenos Aires Conference. a normative juridical research method is used by authors that examining library materials and other secondary materials. The author uses the data collection method by the literature study. Documents in the form of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and non-legal materials are used in this paper. At the Ministerial Meeting in Buenos Aires in 2017 Special and Differential Treatment Concept was discussed. The result of this study found that regarding of conclusion in the 11th Ministerial Conference in Buenos Aires, Indonesia has a chance to protect their small-scale fisheries interest to continue to provide subsidies in the field of fisheries. However, Indonesia still has a lot of work to be done to develop disciplines of fisheries subsidies within the framework of cooperation at the WTO and prevent the misuse of subsidies provided.
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Wong, M. H., Y. H. Cheung, S. F. Leung, and S. P. Wong. "Reclamation of polluted riverwater for aquaculture: removal of nutrients by microalgae." Water Science and Technology 32, no. 3 (August 1, 1995): 271–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0149.
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The present experiment was designed to simulate an on-going field trial at Au Tau Substation, Agriculture and Fisheries Department, Hong Kong Government, using a series of fishponds to treat polluted riverwater, as well as for promoting algal growth, before the water was used for rearing freshwater fish. It was revealed that aeration was necessary to lower the level of ammonia. It also accelerated the conversion of ammonia to nitrite, and then nitrite to nitrate. Substantial amounts of metal (K, Mg, Cu, Zn) were also removed from the riverwater, possibly by algal assimilation. The algal products contained a high crude protein content (42% dry weight basis) which could be used to feed carp and tilapia.
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To, Allen W. L., and Yvonne Sadovy de Mitcheson. "Shrinking baseline: the growth in juvenile fisheries, with the Hong Kong grouper fishery as a case study." Fish and Fisheries 10, no. 4 (December 2009): 396–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2979.2009.00326.x.
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Gonzalez-Pestana, Adriana, Carlos Kouri J., and Ximena Velez-Zuazo. "Shark fisheries in the Southeast Pacific: A 61-year analysis from Peru." F1000Research 3 (July 21, 2014): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.4412.1.
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Peruvian waters exhibit high conservation value for sharks. This contrasts with a lag in initiatives for their management and a lack of studies about their biology, ecology and fishery. We investigated the dynamics of Peruvian shark fishery and its legal framework identifying information gaps for recommending actions to improve management. Further, we investigated the importance of the Peruvian shark fishery from a regional perspective. From 1950 to 2010, 372,015 tons of sharks were landed in Peru. From 1950 to 1969, we detected a significant increase in landings; but from 2000 to 2011 there was a significant decrease in landings, estimated at 3.5% per year. Six species represented 94% of landings: blue shark (Prionace glauca), shortfin mako (Isurus oxyrinchus), smooth hammerhead (Sphyrna zygaena), common thresher (Alopias vulpinus), smooth-hound (Mustelus whitneyi) and angel shark (Squatina californica). Of these, the angel shark exhibits a strong and significant decrease in landings: 18.9% per year from 2000 to 2010. Peru reports the highest accumulated historical landings in the Pacific Ocean; but its contribution to annual landings has decreased since 1968. Still, Peru is among the top 12 countries exporting shark fins to the Hong Kong market. Although the government collects total weight by species, the number of specimens landed as well as population parameters (e.g. sex, size and weight) are not reported. Further, for some genera, species-level identification is deficient and so overestimates the biomass landed by species and underestimates the species diversity. Recently, regional efforts to regulate shark fishery have been implemented to support the conservation of sharks but in Peru work remains to be done
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Gonzalez-Pestana, Adriana, Carlos Kouri J., and Ximena Velez-Zuazo. "Shark fisheries in the Southeast Pacific: A 61-year analysis from Peru." F1000Research 3 (April 12, 2016): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.4412.2.
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Peruvian waters exhibit high conservation value for sharks. This contrasts with a lag in initiatives for their management and a lack of studies about their biology, ecology and fishery. We investigated the dynamics of Peruvian shark fishery and its legal framework identifying information gaps for recommending actions to improve management. Further, we investigated the importance of the Peruvian shark fishery from a regional perspective. From 1950 to 2010, 372,015 tons of sharks were landed in Peru. From 1950 to 1969, we detected a significant increase in landings; but from 2000 to 2011 there was a significant decrease in landings, estimated at 3.5% per year. Six species represented 94% of landings: blue shark (Prionace glauca), shortfin mako (Isurus oxyrinchus), smooth hammerhead (Sphyrna zygaena), common thresher (Alopias vulpinus), smooth-hound (Mustelus whitneyi) and angel shark (Squatina californica). Of these, the angel shark exhibits a strong and significant decrease in landings: 18.9% per year from 2000 to 2010. Peru reports the highest accumulated historical landings in the Pacific Ocean; but its contribution to annual landings has decreased since 1968. Still, Peru is among the top 12 countries exporting shark fins to the Hong Kong market. Although the government collects total weight by species, the number of specimens landed as well as population parameters (e.g. sex, size and weight) are not reported. Further, for some genera, species-level identification is deficient and so overestimates the biomass landed by species and underestimates the species diversity. Recently, regional efforts to regulate shark fishery have been implemented to support the conservation of sharks but in Peru work remains to be done.
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BikramJit, Roy, Nripendra Kumar Singha, Hasan Ali, Gaziur Rhaman, and Fukrul Alam. "SHARK FISHERIES EXPLOITATION, TRADE, CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENTIN THE BAY OF BENGAL OF BANGLADESH REGION." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 2, no. 2 (November 30, 2014): 69–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v2.i2.2014.3068.
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The study was conducted during July, 2003 to June, 2013 about landing volumes of shark fishery (sharks and rays) in artisanal and industrial fishing sector only in group- wise not in species wise. In these periods, in artisanal fisheries gill nets (shark nets), set bag nets, long lines and trammel nets exploiting data were analyzed. But from 2012-13 periods in industrial fisheries harvesting data of sharks and rays by trawl fishing were started to record keeping in group wise. During 2012-13 total sharks and rays landing volume contributes only 0.85% (5017 MT) of total the marine fish production of Bangladesh.8
During 2010-11 to 2012-13 no sharks and rays product items had been traded from Bangladesh due to international market ban But from 2003-04 to 2009-10 period sharks and rays product with fish maws export to the Myanmar, India, Singapore, Thailand, Hong Kong, China, USA and other countries. Dried and iced sliced meat of shark and rays, its sun-dried hide, bones, fins, tails, teeth and shark liver oil all are sold for local consumers, but only sets of fins (2 pectoral, 2 pelvic, 1 dorsal, 2 anal and 1 caudal fin) and skins were exporting to the foreign markets, which has been stopped now. In the year 2009-10 total 955 MT of sharks and rays product (with fish maws) were exporting and earning (app.) USD 1.60 million. For the conservation and management of shark fishery need National Plan of Action, which exploiting in the MSY and help to banning of critically endangered sharks and rays species. Appropriate law in the Fish Act (at present Fish Act has no forms of restriction for harvesting sharks, while Forestry Act restricts it in Sundarbans area) for sustainable harvesting and conservation of the elasmobranchs. Such law should include how many boats (motorized- and non-motorized) and industrial trawlers could be allowed to harvest sharks from which area, in which season and the allowable limit of harvests; in every case proper ways of fishing methods should strictly be followed. Coastal areas around Saint Martin’s Island and Sundarbans proposed by the Bay of Bengal should be declared as Marine Protected Area as most sharks use these areas as their nursing grounds.
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Sri Subekti, Rahayu Kusdarwati, Ferlyn Hendra Wiyatno,. "Identifikasi Dan Prevalensi Ektoparasit Pada Ikan Kerapu Tikus (Cromileptes altivelis) Di Karamba Jaring Apung Unit Pengelola Budidaya Laut Situbondo [ Identification And Prevalence Of Ectoparasites In Grouper (Cromileptes altivelis) At Floating Net Cage Of Marineculture Management Unit Situbondo]." Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan 4, no. 1 (January 24, 2019): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jipk.v4i1.11592.
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Abstract Grouper is a fish that lives in coral reefs, which is the internationally known as groupers or coral reef fishes. These fish have high economic value and potential to be developed in Indonesia. Grouper traded alive, the price is relatively high. The price of grouper at the level fishermen to reach US$ 20 (Rp 200,000, -) for each kilogram.These fish are exported mainly to Hong Kong with high price. Development of grouper aquaculture in floating net a viable alternative to overcome the increasing production of marine fisheries. The problem that often inhibiting fish culture is the diseases emergence, among others, caused by the parasites. The emergence of the disease is the result of interaction between environmental conditions that dont support the cultivation of their life inside, fish (host) that are sensitive and the presence of parasites. Uncontrolled environmental conditions there for the fish become stressed with poor immune systems, and facilitate pathogenic substance attacked hosts. This study aimed to the identify ectoparasites that attacked the grouper (Cromileptes altivelis) in floating net cages and to determine the prevalence rate of ectoparasites that attacked the grouper (Cromileptes altivelis) in floating net cages. The method of this study was descriptive method. Samples were taken with body length between 15-20 cm and four months old from the floating net. The main parameters observed in this study was identification of ectoparasites that attacked the grouper (Cromileptes altivelis) in floating net cages and prevalence rates for each of ectoparasites. While the supporting parameters were that water quality value in floating net cages as follow temperature, pH and salinity were measured during sampling activities. The results showed that of 60 samples were taken from four plots of floating net cages, 21 fish infected with ectoparasites positive. 17 positive fishes infected Pseudorhabdosynochus sp., one sample positive infected Benedenia sp. 3samples positive infected fish Neobenedenia sp. The ectoparasites prevalence of from cages 1, 2, 3 and 4 of 26.66%, 33.33% , 53.33% and 26.66% The suggestion of this study is cleanness improvement of floating net cage management to reduce ectoparasites infectation.
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Cajiga, Rosa María. "Shark Finning Legislation and Shark Welfare. An Analysis of the Kristin Jacobs Ocean Conservation Act." Derecho Animal. Forum of Animal Law Studies 12, no. 3 (December 9, 2021): 78–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.5565/rev/da.566.
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Thousands of sharks are cruelly killed worldwide every day due to the lucrative shark finning trade. This practice is negatively impacting marine life, as sharks are the greatest ocean predators and maintain the delicate balance of the marine ecosystem. Shark finning consists of removing the fins and discarding the rest. The sharks are alive during the process, and when tossed back into the water without fins they cannot swim, thus sinking to the depths where they asphyxiate and / or are devoured by other fish. The fins are primarily consumed in China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Asian communities elsewhere in the world for making shark-fin soup. Efforts to stop the practice of shark finning vary, ranging from demanding fisheries to bring sharks to land before removing the fins, to prohibiting the trade of shark products, to the total ban of shark fishing. Legislation varies significantly between countries and states, ranging from zero to absolute protection, whereby absolute means prohibiting the possession, sale, importation and exportation of shark fins. The economic implications of the shark-fin trade are considerable, which renders the application of laws and regulations very difficult. However, the increasing business of diving with sharks offers an alternative that shows us that the value of a living shark is far greater than when it is sold for parts. Analyzing legislation from the United States, as well as international legislation, aims to show its weakness when it comes to efforts to protect sharks, and in particular the application of the concept of shark welfare when legislating in their favor. The case study will focus on the Kristin Jacobs Ocean Conservation Act, investigating and analyzing the legal efforts made in the state of Florida (USA) to stop shark finning, and analyzing the legal implications for shark welfare.
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Liu, Timothy. "Two Fishermen in Hong Kong." Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought 22, no. 2 (July 1, 1989): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/45225770.
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So, Ping-Man, and David Dudgeon. "Phenology and diversity of necrophagous Diptera in a Hong Kong forest." Journal of Tropical Ecology 6, no. 1 (February 1990): 91–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467400004077.
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ABSTRACTNecrophagous Diptera were sampled in a seasonal tropical mixed forest in Hong Kong from February 1985 to May 1986 using carrion-baited traps. Six families of flies were caught but only Calliphoridae, Muscidae and Sarcophagidae were considered. They made up a total of 14,669 flies of 21 species in the sample. Total species abundance followed Fisher's log-series distribution. The commonest five species were calliphorids, constituting 79.44% of the total combined catch. Temperature was apparently the main factor affecting seasonality of necrophagous Diptera in Hong Kong. Fluctuations in total abundance, species richness and H' followed seasonal changes in weekly mean air temperatures.
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Wong, L., S. C. Ho, D. Coggon, A. M. Cruddas, C. H. Hwang, C. P. Ho, A. M. Robertshaw, and D. M. MacDonald. "Sunlight exposure, antioxidant status, and cataract in Hong Kong fishermen." Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health 47, no. 1 (February 1, 1993): 46–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech.47.1.46.
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Cho, Shiu-Yin, Yung Ki, Vanessa Chu, and Chun-Kei Lee. "An Audit of Concomitant Dental Anomalies with Maxillary Talon Cusps in a Group of Children from Hong Kong." Primary Dental Care os15, no. 4 (October 2008): 153–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/135576108785891060.
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Aim To investigate the prevalence of various concomitant dental anomalies in Hong Kong children with true talon cusps on the permanent maxillary incisors. Methods Dental records and radiographs of a group of Hong Kong Chinese primary schoolchildren with true talon cusps (half crown height or more) on one or more permanent maxillary incisors were selected and studied retrospectively. The prevalence of various dental anomalies in this group of children was compared with that of the general population of Hong Kong Chinese children of similar age. Results A total of 11,537 records were reviewed and 58 children with true talon cusps on one or more permanent maxillary incisors were identified. A total of 69 permanent maxillary incisors were affected, of which all except one were lateral incisors. Dens evaginatus on premolars, supernumerary teeth in the anterior maxilla, and hypodontia were found in 5 (8.6%), 5 (8.6%), and 5 (8.6%) cases respectively. The prevalence of supernumerary teeth was significantly higher in children with true talon cusps as compared with the results of two previous general studies of Chinese children of similar age ( P<0.05, Fisher's exact test). Conclusion Children with true talon cusps on the permanent maxillary incisors were more frequently affected by supernumerary teeth in the anterior maxilla. Further studies with a larger sample are needed to confirm a true association.
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CLARKE, S. "Consultation with local fishers on the Hong Kong artificial reefs initiative." ICES Journal of Marine Science 59 (October 2002): S171—S177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jmsc.2002.1274.
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Durie, Brian G. M., and Hardy Jones. "New Bioaccumulations of Toxins in Resident Coastal Dolphins Signal Dangers of Human Myeloma." Blood 108, no. 11 (November 16, 2006): 5062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.5062.5062.
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Abstract Dolphins and humans are exposed to the same toxins in seafood. Over 2 billion people worldwide rely on seafood as their major source of protein and 60% of people live in coastal areas. Resident coastal dolphins are exposed to marine pollution in the same fashion as humans who frequently consume seafood, thus any indication of disease in dolphins has implications both for humans who eat regularly from the same areas and/or are otherwise exposed to the same toxins. Although ecotoxicologic studies of marine environments are very complex, (Irwin: Aquatic Mammals 31: 195–225, 2005), the bottlenose dolphin is a sentinel species for biomonitoring purposes. Tissue levels of many known carcinogens such as DDT, DDE, dioxins (e.g. PCDDs and 2,3,7,8 TCDD), BaP, PAHs, and more recently PFC and PBDEs (water repellants and fire retardants), reflect bioaccumulation in both dolphins and humans. Target sites where human and dolphin disease have been contrasted and compared are: North America (Alaska; Puget Sound; San Francisco Bay; Gulf Coast and Florida; St. Lawrence Seaway); Japan (Osaka Bay); Sweden; Coastal UK and Hong Kong (Pearl River estuary). For Alaska, Florida, Japan, Sweden and coastal UK, there are highly significant correlations between fish contamination/consumption and excess risk of human myeloma. In Alaska, Inuit men eat contaminated fish, have high organochloride (dioxins) levels in blood and tissues and an increased risk of myeloma. Likewise for Swedish fisherman comparing Baltic (more contamination) versus west coast levels of dioxins and myeloma. In Japan, a case control study provides a highly significant odds ratio of 5.89 for agriculture/fisheries as occupational factors. A separate study gives an annual age adjusted incidence of 7.03/100,000 for the Osaka Bay fishing region. Around Lake Okeechobee Florida an incidence rate of 6.52/100,000 correlates with both contamination and commercial fishing licenses. Although dolphins share most human mammalian genes, including CYP1A and CYP2B, they lack the ability to adequately catabolize type I and II dioxins, which therefore preferentially accumulate. Unfortunately, observed results of these bioaccumulations are suppressed immunity, infections and cancers particularly B-cell lymphomas and “myeloma-like” immunoblastic lymphomas (Bossart: J. Vet Diagn Invest 9: 454–458, 1997). This pattern of diseases in turn corresponds with the local and systemic effects exemplified in Balb/c mice during pristine-induced plasmacytogenesis and in humans exposed to toxins. Newly recognized persistent organic pollutants such as water repellants (PFCs) and flame-retardants (PBDEs) are a particular concern, both because of rapid recent bioaccumulation in dolphins with associated disease manifestations plus the potential for wide global dispersal and diverse routes of human exposure. Numerous consumer goods contain PBDEs, including electronics, carpets, furniture and textiles. Genetic studies help refine probability calculations to assess risk using the union rule for independent events. Studies are now underway to correlate recent bioaccumulations in dolphins and humans, genetic predisposition and myeloma onset. Probability calculations for risk of developing myeloma will support interventions to reduce both contamination of the marine environment and elimination of human toxin exposures.
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Law, Man Fai, Sze-Fai Yip, Hay Nun Chan, Yiu Ming Yeung, and Wai Choi. "Comparing the Outcomes of CHOP Chemotherapy Alone with Rituximab Plus CHOP for Hong Kong Chinese Patients with Diffuse Large B-Cell lymphoma." Blood 116, no. 21 (November 19, 2010): 4894. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.4894.4894.
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Abstract Abstract 4894 Introduction Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBL) is the commonest type of lymphoma worldwide. The condition is the same in Hong Kong and it accounts for about 30–40% of lymphoma cases. CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisolone) was used for treatment of DLBL for many years. Rituximab, a chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody was used for the treatment of DLBL for about 10 years. Previous studies have shown the better efficacy of rituximab plus CHOP over CHOP alone, including the remission rate, overall and event-free survival. No previous study compared the efficacy of rituximab plus CHOP with CHOP alone in Hong Kong Chinese. We conducted a study to compare the outcomes of CHOP chemotherapy alone with rituximab plus CHOP in a local hospital in Hong Kong. Method It was a retrospective study from January 1999 to December 2009. Hong Kong Chinese patients with newly diagnosed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma were recruited in the study. They were divided into two groups. One group of patients was given CHOP chemotherapy and the other group was given rituximab plus CHOP. The remission rate, overall survival and event-free survival were compared in the two groups. Results 62 patients were recruited in the study. Twenty-nine patients with median age of 55 (range 23–77) were given CHOP chemotherapy alone. Thirty-two patients with a median age of 53 (range 20–75) were given rituximab plus CHOP. The baseline characteristics were similar in both groups. There were 41% of male patients in each group. IPI (international prognostic index) score as well as the proportion of patients at stage III and IV disease were similar in both groups. The complete remission rate was 38% in CHOP alone group and 78% in rituximab plus CHOP group (p=0.002, Fisher's exact test). The 3-year overall survival rate was 47% in CHOP group and 74% in rituximab plus CHOP group (p=0.043). The 3-year event-free survival was also better in the rituximab plus CHOP group (p=0.026). 19 events (including relapse, progression and death) were observed in the CHOP alone group and 8 events were observed in the rituximab plus chemotherapy group. The side effects profile was similar in both groups and the rate of infection is comparable in both arms. Conclusion This study has shown that the use of rituximab plus CHOP was better than CHOP alone in Hong Kong Chinese patients with newly diagnosed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. The complete remission rate, overall survival and event-free survival were significantly higher in the rituximab plus chemotherapy group. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Wong, L., D. Coggon, M. Cruddas, and C. H. Hwang. "Education, reading, and familial tendency as risk factors for myopia in Hong Kong fishermen." Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health 47, no. 1 (February 1, 1993): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech.47.1.50.
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Law, Man Fai, Sze-Fai Yip, Hay Nun Chan, Yiu Ming Yeung, and Wai Choi. "Comparing Induction and Consolidation with or without Cytarabine In the Treatment of Acute Promyelocytic Leukaemia In Hong Kong Chinese." Blood 116, no. 21 (November 19, 2010): 4366. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.4366.4366.
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Abstract Abstract 4366 Previous studies suggested that cytarabine was not required in the treatment of newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL). They suggested that omitting cytarabine in the treatment of APL could reduce treatment toxicity without increasing relapses and affecting survival. No previous study assessed the effect of cytarabine in the treatment of Chinese APL patients. We compared the outcome of APL patients with or without cytarabine in induction and consolidation therapy in Hong Kong Chinese in a local hospital. Method It was a retrospective study of newly diagnosed APL patients from Jan 1996 to Dec 2009. They were divided into two groups. One group was given ATRA (All-trans-retinoic acid) 45mg/m2/day combined with daunorubicin 60mg/m2/day for 3 days plus cytarabine 200mg/m2/day for 7 days as induction therapy. It was followed by two courses of consolidation with daunorubicin and cytarabine and then 2-year maintenance with low dose chemotherapy and intermittent ATRA. Another group was given the same treatment without cytarabine. The remission rate, relapse rate, overall survival and event-free survival were compared in the two groups of patients. Results Eighteen patients with median age of 41 (range 24–62) received cytarabine. 22% of them had initial WBC count >10,000/uL. Eight patients with median age of 42 (range 16–57) received no cytarabine. 25% of them had WBC count >10,000/uL. The complete remission rates were 100% in both groups. The two-year relapse rate was 5.5% (1/18) for cytarabine group and 62% (5/8) for no cytarabine group (p=0.004, Fisher's exact test). The two-year event-free survival was 82% for cytarabine group and 37% for no cytarabine group (p=0.0017). The two-year overall survival was 89% for cytarabine group and 75% for no cytarabine group (p=0.18). The adverse effects profile was similar in both groups. Conclusion The results support a role of cytarabine in addition to ATRA and daunorubicin in the treatment of newly diagnosed APL. The relapse rate was much lower in patients receiving cytarabine. The two-year event-free survival and two-year overall survival were also significantly better in the cytarabine group. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Crofts, J. "Avian influenza in Hong Kong." Weekly releases (1997–2007) 7, no. 3 (January 16, 2003). http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/esw.07.03.02149-en.
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The Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department (AFCD, http://www.afcd.gov.hk/) of the government of Hong Kong recently reported outbreaks of avian influenza in two chicken farms in Hong Kong (1), as well as sporadic infections in wild fowl found dead in Hong Kong (2). As a result, control measures have been implemented. These included the slaughter of around 16 000 chickens, closure and disinfection of one of the live poultry markets which had contact with the farms and the halting of imports of chickens from mainland China (3). The virus has been partially typed and found to be influenza A (H5). The virus is not the same strain of influenza A (H5N1) (4) that crossed over to humans in 1997, causing six fatalities (5). Outbreaks of avian influenza due to influenza A (H5N1) viruses occurred in poultry in Hong Kong in May 2001 and February 2002, resulting in culls of about one million chickens on each occasion. Neither of these outbreaks was associated with transmission to humans. The last reported incident of transmission of avian influenza (H9N2) to humans was in 1999 in two young children in Hong Kong and the resulting illness was reported to be mild and self limited (6).
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Xin, Chen, Tu Tu Zaw Win, Omid Nekouei, Surya Paudel, Denis Yau, Lam Chun Ting, Dirk U. Pfeiffer, and Anne Conan. "One Health Initiative of Centre for Applied One Health Research and Policy Advice (OHRP): Implementation on Enhancing Poultry Health and Production, Food Safety and Quality of Chicken Meat in Hong Kong SAR." One Health Cases, June 5, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/onehealthcases.2024.0006.
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Abstract In 2019, the Centre for One Health Applied Research and Policy Advice (OHRP) launched an interdisciplinary research program so far consisting of two independently funded projects that aimed to improve poultry health and production in Hong Kong SAR. The program focuses on applied field research and advanced health management practices through two independent projects fully funded by the Sustainable Agricultural Development Fund of the Hong Kong Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department: The Poultry Health Assurance Project (PHAP) and the Poultry Health and Production Management Project (PHPM). Specifically, this work established collaborations between academic partners, the Hong Kong Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department (AFCD), the Chicken Breeders Association, and the Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory of City University of Hong Kong (CityU VDL), with the overarching objective of providing veterinary services to 29 chicken farms in Hong Kong SAR. In this OHRP-launched program, there are two projects (Project I and Project II): the first one, named Poultry Health Assurance Project (PHAP), was conducted from 2019 to 2022, and the second one, named Poultry Health and Production Management Project from 2022 to 2024. Numerous innovative and sustainable studies and activities, such as implementing intelligent farming practices, have already been conducted. For instance, a mobile application called “Broiler Record APP” has been developed to facilitate data collection data and monitor farm production. Environmental data sensors have been installed in poultry farms to efficiently track and maintain stable temperature and humidity. Moreover, OHRP has introduced free-to-use newsletters and continuing education seminars called the Poultry News-Technology Promotion Information Plan, which aims to introduce farmers to the latest technology, address the need for ongoing education for farm staff, and offer training courses for individuals interested in pursuing a career in the poultry industry. In addition, value chain mapping activities are also conducted to assess the impact of COVID-19 on the poultry value chain in collaboration between researchers from OHRP, City University of Hong Kong (CityU), and the Royal Veterinary College (RVC), United Kingdom. With the ambition of establishing a “Hong Kong Chicken Quality” brand through the prudent use of antibiotics, both projects also encompass veterinary clinical activities conducted by HK-registered veterinarians, such as veterinarian prescriptions and veterinary care. Information © 2024 Centre for Applied One Health Research and Policy Advice (OHRP), City University of Hong Kong, All Rights Reserved. Open Access. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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Mak, Yanny K. Y., Lily S. R. Tao, Valerie C. M. Ho, David Dudgeon, William W. L. Cheung, and Kenneth M. Y. Leung. "Initial recovery of demersal fish communities in coastal waters of Hong Kong, South China, following a trawl ban." Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, September 24, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11160-021-09685-5.
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Abstract Fisheries resources in Hong Kong have been overexploited since the 1970s due to intensive bottom trawling and other fishing activities that have depleted stocks and destroyed marine habitat. To rehabilitate depleted fisheries resources, a permanent ban on trawling in Hong Kong territorial waters came into force on December 31, 2012. In order to determine whether the trawl facilitated recovery of fish communities, trawl surveys were conducted at two sites in each of the eastern, southern and western (estuarine) coastal waters of Hong Kong before and three years after the trawl ban. A total of 315 species and 86 families of fishes in nine feeding groups were encountered during the surveys. Mean trophic level of the fish community, abundance and biomass of total fishes and of predatory fishes increased in eastern and western waters after the ban, but no changes or declines in these metrics were observed in southern waters. Although initial recovery in fish community were observed in eastern and western waters, anthropogenic disturbances might hinder the recovery process, including a large-scale reclamation for construction of coastal infrastructures in the west, illegal trawling, and expansion of non-trawling fishing efforts in the southern and eastern waters. Longer term monitoring is needed to evaluate the effects of the trawl ban, and determine whether recovery in the southern waters will continue to be constrained by the anthropogenic disturbances. Graphic abstract
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Wang, Zhi, Kenneth M. Y. Leung, Yik-Hei Sung, David Dudgeon, and Jian-Wen Qiu. "Recovery of tropical marine benthos after a trawl ban demonstrates linkage between abiotic and biotic changes." Communications Biology 4, no. 1 (February 16, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42003-021-01732-y.
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AbstractBottom trawling, which is highly detrimental to seabed habitats, has been banned in some jurisdictions to mitigate the problems of habitat destruction and overfishing. However, most reports of ecosystem responses to trawling impacts originate from temperate latitudes, focusing on commercial species, and recovery of invertebrate macrobenthos from trawl ban has hardly ever been studied in the tropics. In Hong Kong (lat. 22.4°N), a history of intensive trawling with various types of gears has long degraded coastal ecosystems. To facilitate the recovery of fisheries resources and associated benthic ecosystems, the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region implemented a territory-wide trawl ban on December 31, 2012. Comparison of surveys conducted in June 2012 (before the trawl ban) and June 2015 (2.5 years after the ban) revealed higher organic contents in sediment and lower suspended-solid loads in water column, as well as a significant increase in site-based abundance, species richness, functional diversity and among-site similarity of macrobenthos after the trawl ban. Our results suggest that the imposition of a trawl ban can be an effective measure for biodiversity conservation in tropical coastal waters.
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Tao, Lily S. R., Yanny K. Y. Mak, Valerie C. M. Ho, Ronia C. t. Sham, Tommy T. Y. Hui, Danny C. P. Lau, and Kenneth M. Y. Leung. "Improvements of Population Fitness and Trophic Status of a Benthic Predatory Fish Following a Trawling Ban." Frontiers in Marine Science 8 (July 13, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.614219.
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Trawl fisheries have been shown to cause overfishing and destruction of benthic habitats in the seabed. To mitigate these impacts, a trawling ban has been enforced in Hong Kong waters since December 31, 2012 to rehabilitate the ecosystem and enhance fisheries resources. Previous studies demonstrated that reduced trawling activities would increase the heterogeneity of benthic habitats, thereby enhancing species richness and abundance of benthic fauna and providing more prey resources for predatory fishes. This study aimed to test a hypothesis that the population and trophic dynamics of the Bartail flathead Platycephalus indicus, a heavily fished benthic predatory fish, at inner and outer Tolo Channel of Hong Kong (i.e., EI and EO) improved with increases in their body size, abundance, biomass, trophic niche, and trophic position after the trawl ban. Samples were collected from trawl surveys before and after the trawl ban to compare the pre-ban and post-ban populations of P. indicus from EI and EO. Body size, abundance, and biomass were assessed in 2004, 2013–2014, and 2015–2016, whereas trophic niche and trophic position were analyzed based on stable isotopes of fish samples collected in dry season of 2012, 2015, and 2018. Following the trawl ban, the abundance and biomass of P. indicus increased in EO, with body size increased in EI. Furthermore, as indicated by the results of stable isotope analysis (SIA) on their tissues and prey items, trophic niche, and trophic position of P. indicus increased in EI and EO, respectively. Our study demonstrated that the trawl ban had promoted the recovery of a predatory fish population through restoring size structure and trophic dynamics.
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Rodenbiker, Jesse, Nina Therkildsen, and Cheong Chun Li. "Global shark fins in local contexts: multi-scalar dynamics between Hong Kong markets and Mid-Atlantic fisheries." Ecology and Society 28, no. 3 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.5751/es-14229-280305.
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Sanjurjo-Rivera, Enrique, Sarah L. Mesnick, Sara Ávila-Forcada, Oriana Poindexter, Rebecca Lent, Vanda Felbab-Brown, Andrés M. Cisneros-Montemayor, et al. "An Economic Perspective on Policies to Save the Vaquita: Conservation Actions, Wildlife Trafficking, and the Structure of Incentives." Frontiers in Marine Science 8 (August 27, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.644022.
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The Upper Gulf of California is a diverse and highly productive ecosystem supporting some of the most important fisheries in Mexico, yet a history of weak fisheries management and illegal fishing threaten the area’s biodiversity and undermine human well-being in the communities along its shores. The vaquita (Phocoena sinus) is endemic to these waters and is on the brink of extinction due to incidental entanglement in gillnets used by small-scale fishers. The resurgence of an illegal gillnet fishery for totoaba (Totoaba macdonaldi), whose swim bladders are highly prized in Hong Kong and continental China, has accelerated the steep decline of the vaquita population. Vaquita is one of a growing number of cases linking illegal wildlife trade, organized crime, and biodiversity decline. This paper provides a summary of key reflections of a panel of fisheries economists gathered at the ninth forum of the North American Association of Fisheries Economists (NAAFE) to evaluate the policies implemented in the Upper Gulf through an economic lens and updated to reflect more recent developments. The panel recognized that poor fisheries management, lack of effective enforcement, distant demand for an illegal product, corruption, and few viable economic alternatives confound efforts to address vaquita bycatch. The complexity of these problems requires a holistic, multidisciplinary approach, combining top-down, direct regulation and bottom-up, participatory and incentive-based instruments. Addressing chronic deficiencies in enforcement, particularly in the very small area where the remaining vaquitas are found, is crucial to prevent imminent extinction. Equally crucial are sustained actions to support legal fishers able to make a good living – with a direct stake in healthy marine ecosystems – as key components of policies to address bycatch and reduce wildlife trafficking. The situation in the Upper Gulf of California is dire, yet similar threats to other marine mammals and wildlife trafficked species may benefit from the experience of the vaquita.
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Rodenbiker, Jesse. "Urban oceans: Social differentiation in the city and the sea." Environment and Planning E: Nature and Space, February 14, 2022, 251484862210786. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/25148486221078690.
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This paper argues that the urban and the ocean are co-constituted through relations that are unevenly classed, gendered, and racialized. This argument is empirically anchored in high-value fish maw markets in Hong Kong, New York City, and the oceanic spaces and lives therein. The global inter-urban trade in Totoaba, an endangered fish endemic to the Gulf of California, serves as a primary example of piscine capital circulation, while supporting examples engage a much longer durée of urban ocean relations. Agrarian technologies appropriated through colonial trans-oceanic trade, for instance, are shown to be precursors of Euro-American industrial urbanization, while whale bodies were crucial to urban politics of difference and producing urban spaces in 19th century U.S. cities. Contemporary fisheries on the high seas exemplify how ocean spaces remain frontiers of unfree labor and natural resource extraction that contribute to capital accumulation in global cities. Through these examples, the article details how the ocean is urbanized, how the urban is constituted through the ocean, as well as some of the differentiated social formations and socio-natural effects of urban oceanic relationships. Urban oceanic processes of exploitation, extraction, circulation, and consumption predispose marginalized people and ocean wildlife to premature deaths. Urban oceanic relations could be otherwise constituted. Towards reconstituting these relations, the paper advances a hybrid analytical framework that ungrounds the urban from terrestrial conceptual moorings through engaging interdisciplinary ocean geographies.
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Lee, Thomas Chun‐Hung, Winnie Lam, Nora Fung‐Yee Tam, Steven Jing‐Liang Xu, Wing Lam Chung, and Fred Wang‐Fat Lee. "Revealing the algicidal characteristics of Maribacter dokdonensis: An investigation into bacterial strain P4 isolated from Karenia mikimotoi bloom water." Journal of Phycology, March 22, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jpy.13441.
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AbstractHarmful algal blooms (HABs) are a global environmental concern, causing significant economic losses in fisheries and posing risks to human health. Algicidal bacteria have been suggested as a potential solution to control HABs, but their algicidal efficacy is influenced by various factors. This study aimed to characterize a novel algicidal bacterium, Maribacter dokdonensis (P4), isolated from a Karenia mikimotoi (Hong Kong strain, KMHK) HAB and assess the impact of P4 and KMHK's doses, growth phase, and algicidal mode and the axenicity of KMHK on P4's algicidal effect. Our results demonstrated that the algicidal effect of P4 was dose‐dependent, with the highest efficacy at a dose of 25% v/v. The study also determined that P4's algicidal effect was indirect, with the P4 culture and the supernatant, but not the bacterial cells, showing significant effects. The algicidal efficacy was higher when both P4 and KMHK were in the stationary phase. Furthermore, the P4 culture at the log phase could effectively kill KMHK cells at the stationary phase, with higher algicidal efficacy in the bacterial culture than that of the supernatant alone. Interestingly, P4's algicidal efficacy was significantly higher when co‐culturing with xenic KMHK (~90% efficacy at day 1) than that with the axenic KMHK (~50% efficacy at day 1), suggesting the presence of other bacteria could regulate P4's algicidal effect. The bacterial strain P4 also exhibited remarkable algicidal efficacy on four other dinoflagellate species, particularly the armored species. These results provide valuable insights into the algicidal effect of M. dokdonensis on K. mikimotoi and on their interactions.
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Zeng, Zeyu, William W. L. Cheung, Han Lai, Huadong Yi, Sheng Bi, Haiyang Li, Xiaoli Chen, et al. "Species and Functional Dynamics of the Demersal Fish Community and Responses to Disturbances in the Pearl River Estuary." Frontiers in Marine Science 9 (July 13, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.921595.
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Fishery resources are threatened by environmental changes and anthropogenic pressures, particularly in coastal ecosystems. It is crucial to understand the changes of fish communities and their responses to environmental changes and human disturbances to formulate rational fisheries and ecosystem-based management. The Pearl River Estuary (PRE) is a typical sub-tropic coastal ecosystem located in the center of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area in the northern South China Sea. The demersal fish in the PRE is traditionally targeted as commercial fishing and severely impacted by overexploitation and hypoxia in the last few decades. In this study, we analyze the fish survey data during the period of 2020~2021 using multivariate statistics to investigate the impacts of human disturbances on the species and functional dynamics of the demersal fish community in the PRE. The results reveal that dissolved oxygen and temperature have significant correlations with the functional traits of the demersal fish community. The impacts of hypoxia on the demersal fish vary with species and locations. We found that the mean functional redundancy of the demersal fish community in the PRE was high across three surveys, but the functional diversity was low in this region. The abundance and richness of the demersal fish community increased during the summer fishing moratorium in the South China Sea in 2021, but the functional diversity did not increase significantly. We conclude that the high functional redundancy in the PRE might not be sufficient to buffer against environmental disturbances because of its low functional diversity. Our study highlights the complicated interactions between the demersal fish community and disturbances in the PRE. Understanding the traits structure and functional diversity of the fish community can help elucidate the factors determining the dynamic responses of the fish community to disturbances.
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Chan, Zi, Ka Lok Chan, Chi Kwan Lam, Way Ping Law, Wai Lun Will Pak, Yick Hei Wong, and Sunny Sze-Ho Wong. "#3792 COVID-19 INFECTION AMONG HAEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS - EXPERIENCE FROM A HONG KONG COHORT." Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 38, Supplement_1 (June 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfad063c_3792.
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Abstract Background and Aims Many haemodialysis patients were infected by COVID-19 during a severe wave of outbreak due to the Omicron variant in Hong Kong in 2022, which had a great impact on the hospital haemodialysis service. To better prepare for future outbreaks, the patient characteristics and outcomes were examined in this study. Method This was a retrospective cohort study of all haemodialysis patients infected with COVID-19 from February to April 2022 in our hospital. The infection rates of in-centre and home haemodialysis were analysed. The mortality rate and the rate of moderate to severe disease (as defined by requiring 2L of oxygen or above) were recorded. Factors affecting mortality and disease severity were analysed using Fisher's exact test and independent t test. Results There were ninety-nine haemodialysis patients infected with COVID-19 during the study period (Table 1). The infection rate of in-centre haemodialysis patients was 98/232 (42.2%) compared with 1/19 (5.3%) of home haemodialysis patients. The mortality rate was 7.1%, and the rate of moderate to severe disease was 10.1%. A higher Charlson Comorbidity Index was identified as the only significant factor associated with mortality (6.7 ± 3.4 vs. 4.9 ± 2.0) and disease severity (6.5 ± 3.0 vs. 4.9 ± 2.0). Age, gender, presence of diabetes mellitus and vaccination status did not correlate with the outcome in this cohort. Conclusion Home haemodialysis had the benefit of a lower infection rate during the COVID-19 outbreak. A higher burden of comorbidities increased the risk of mortality and the severity of COVID-19. Close monitoring is warranted in these group of haemodialysis patients.
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Malabrigo, Pastor, Gerald Eduarte, Laarni Malabrigo, and Ericson Coracero. "Kandelia candel (L.) Druce, a True Native Species in the Philippines." Philippine Journal of Science 150, no. 5 (July 19, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.56899/150.05.24.
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Kandelia candel (L.) Druce is a true mangrove species under the family Rhizophoraceae. It is distributed throughout southeast Asia to south China, the Ryukyu Island and southern Japan, Taiwan, and Hong Kong. In the Philippines, its only known area of occurrence is the province of Aurora, the central easternmost coast of Luzon island. However, there has been a long-standing debate on the presence of natural populations of Kandelia candel in the Philippines. Adding to the confusion, a number of molecular studies reported that the Kandelia populations from north of the South China Sea (SCS) are a genetically different species – Kandelia obovata – making the genus non-monotypic. Some mangrove biologists hypothesized that Kandelia populations in Aurora might have been introduced to the province by some fishermen from Taiwan. On the other hand, some papers suggest that Kandelia populations in the Philippines were shaped by the founders from the populations in Southern SCS. A recent population inventory conducted by the authors, complemented by taxonomic characterization, strongly suggests that Kandelia candel is native in the province of Aurora, Philippines.
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Khang, Nguyen Sinh, Nguyen Thi Hien, Tran Huy Thai, Chu Thi Thu Ha, Nguyen Phuong Hanh, Nguyen Duc Thinh, Nguyen Quang Hieu, and Nguyen Trung Thanh. "Some Biological and Ecological Characteristics of Red Bayberry (Myrica rubra) at Cao Ma Po Commune, Quan Ba District, Ha Giang Province." VNU Journal of Science: Natural Sciences and Technology 34, no. 3 (September 24, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.4768.
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Red bayberry (Myrica rubra (Lour.) Siebold & Zucc.), small trees, evergreen, dioecious, natively grows in evergreen broad-leaved forests at elevation of 1580-1875 m a.s.l., and can survive in low nutrient soil at Cao Ma Po commune, Quan Ba district, Ha Giang province. Some data on morphology, phenology, population structure, natural regeneration and distribution of Red baybery, climatic characteristics, physical and chemical properties of soil, and vegetation structure of forests having Myrica rubra occurrence are presented in this paper.
Keywords
Red bayberry, Myrica rubra, biology, ecology, conservation, Ha Giang, Vietnam
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