Relevant bibliographies by topics / Fish stress

Academic literature on the topic 'Fish stress'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Fish stress"

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IWAMA, GEORGE K. "Stress in Fish." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 851, no. 1 STRESS OF LIF (June 1998): 304–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb09005.x.

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Hermesz, E., J. Nemcsók, and M. Ábrahám. "Stress response in fish." Pathophysiology 5 (June 1998): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0928-4680(98)80657-3.

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De Wachter, Bart, Hans De Smet, Veerle Reynders, Hildegarde Thyberghien, Gudrun De Boeck, and Ronny Blust. "Stress proteins in fish: Sensitive indicators of stress?" Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology 124 (August 1999): S11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1095-6433(99)90041-7.

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Fonseca, Letícia N., Danilo P. Streit Jr, and Lis Santos Marques. "Welfare and stress in fish." IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science 10, no. 07 (July 2017): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/2380-1007014548.

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Yamashita, Michiaki, Takeshi Yabu, and Nobuhiko Ojima. "Stress Protein HSP70 in Fish." Aqua-BioScience Monographs 3, no. 4 (December 29, 2010): 111–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5047/absm.2010.00304.0111.

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Flik, Gert, Peter H. M. Klaren, Erwin H. Van den Burg, Juriaan R. Metz, and Mark O. Huising. "CRF and stress in fish." General and Comparative Endocrinology 146, no. 1 (March 2006): 36–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2005.11.005.

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Borowiec, Brittney G. "Fasting fish risk oxidative stress." Journal of Experimental Biology 221, no. 16 (August 15, 2018): jeb170332. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.170332.

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Wendelaar Bonga, S. E. "The stress response in fish." Physiological Reviews 77, no. 3 (July 1, 1997): 591–625. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physrev.1997.77.3.591.

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The stress response in teleost fish shows many similarities to that of the terrestrial vertebrates. These concern the principal messengers of the brain-sympathetic-chromaffin cell axis (equivalent of the brain-sympathetic-adrenal medulla axis) and the brain-pituitary-interrenal axis (equivalent of the brain-pituitary-adrenal axis), as well as their functions, involving stimulation of oxygen uptake and transfer, mobilization of energy substrates, reallocation of energy away from growth and reproduction, and mainly suppressive effects on immune functions. There is also growing evidence for intensive interaction between the neuroendocrine system and the immune system in fish. Conspicuous differences, however, are present, and these are primarily related to the aquatic environment of fishes. For example, stressors increase the permeability of the surface epithelia, including the gills, to water and ions, and thus induce systemic hydromineral disturbances. High circulating catecholamine levels as well as structural damage to the gills and perhaps the skin are prime causal factors. This is associated with increased cellular turnover in these organs. In fish, cortisol combines glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid actions, with the latter being essential for the restoration of hydromineral homeostasis, in concert with hormones such as prolactin (in freshwater) and growth hormone (in seawater). Toxic stressors are part of the stress literature in fish more so than in mammals. This is mainly related to the fact that fish are exposed to aquatic pollutants via the extensive and delicate respiratory surface of the gills and, in seawater, also via drinking. The high bioavailability of many chemicals in water is an additional factor. Together with the variety of highly sensitive perceptive mechanisms in the integument, this may explain why so many pollutants evoke an integrated stress response in fish in addition to their toxic effects at the cell and tissue levels. Exposure to chemicals may also directly compromise the stress response by interfering with specific neuroendocrine control mechanisms. Because hydromineral disturbance is inherent to stress in fish, external factors such as water pH, mineral composition, and ionic calcium levels have a significant impact on stressor intensity. Although the species studied comprise a small and nonrepresentative sample of the almost 20,000 known teleost species, there are many indications that the stress response is variable and flexible in fish, in line with the great diversity of adaptations that enable these animals to live in a large variety of aquatic habitats.
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Le Bras, Alexandra. "Stress-induced analgesia in fish." Lab Animal 49, no. 9 (August 20, 2020): 252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41684-020-0624-z.

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NAKANO, TOSHIKI. "Studies on stress and stress tolerance mechanisms in fish." NIPPON SUISAN GAKKAISHI 82, no. 3 (2016): 278–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2331/suisan.wa2290.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fish stress"

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Dunlop, R. A. "Stress and pain in fish." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269065.

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Millsopp, S. "Pain, Stress and Welfare of Fish." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.527874.

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Hashimoto, Hisashi. "STUDIES ON STRESS RESPONSE OF FISH CELLS." Kyoto University, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/157119.

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本文データは平成22年度国立国会図書館の学位論文(博士)のデジタル化実施により作成された画像ファイルを基にpdf変換したものである
Kyoto University (京都大学)
0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第7412号
農博第996号
新制||農||763(附属図書館)
学位論文||H10||N3158(農学部図書室)
UT51-98-G341
京都大学大学院農学研究科水産学専攻
(主査)教授 坂口 守彦, 教授 内田 有恆, 教授 宮本 元
学位規則第4条第1項該当
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Beaumont, Timothy Martin. "Regulation of stress hormone receptors in fish cells." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.366436.

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Øverli, Øyvind. "Behavioural and Neuroendocrine Effects of Stress in Salmonid Fish." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2001. http://publications.uu.se/theses/91-554-5007-5/.

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Linden, Melissa. "The effects of exercise and fish oil on oxidative stress." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5909.

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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on August 30, 2007) Includes bibliographical references.
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Reeves, James Frederick. "The role of stress and dietary micronutrients in fish health." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/2415.

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The overall theme of this thesis has been the study of the effects of well known and potentially novel stressors on fish health and how some of these may be modulated by dietary supplements of micronutrients, using both in vitro and in vivo analysis. In vitro experiments with cultured fish cells (EPC-A1, GFSk-S1) evaluated the potential of niacin and selenium to reduce cytotoxicity and genomic instability (DNA damage) induced by ultraviolet radiation exposure, following assay validation with reference toxins. Whilst cytotoxicity was determined by the neutral red retention (NRR) assay, genomic stability was evaluated by either a standard or modified version of the single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) or 'Comet' assay. Niacin as nicotinamide (NAM) significantly reduced levels of UVB induced DNA damage (single strand breaks). Selenium supplements, as sodium selenite or seleno-L-methionine also showed a protective effect against H202, UVA and UVB induced cytotoxicity and oxidative DNA damage. An additional in vitro study was carried out to identify environmental nanoparticles as a potential novel source of stress for fish. Titanium dioxide (Ti02) nanoparticle exposure to GFSk-81 cells caused dose-dependent increases in cytotoxicity (NRR assay) and oxidative DNA damage (Comet assay). These effects were exacerbated by combined exposures of Ti02 with UVA. Electron spin resonance (ESR) and spin trapping suggested that Ti02 induced oxidative stress may be primarily due to the production of hydroxyl radicals (OH). Two in vivo experiments were carried out in order to evaluate the effects of husbandry stress (netting and confinement stress) on antioxidant capacity, immune function and genomic stability in trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and carp (Cyprinus carpio) , In both studies on trout and carp, certain health parameters were shown to be sensitive to husbandry stress, and may be useful biomarkers of stress in future studies. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was reduced in both carp and trout after stress. Respiratory burst capacity of blood leukocytes was also affected by stress but differently in carp than in trout. In carp, husbandry stress apparently stimulated the production of free radicals by leukocytes whereas in trout it was suppressed. In trout, stress was also shown to increase oxidative DNA damage, as measured by the Comet assay. Health parameters that appeared not to be significantly affected by husbandry stress in this study include SOD activity, ALP activity, red blood cell fragility and complement activity (for carp only). In the second experiment on carp, a 10 week feeding trial was also conducted prior to stress induction to evaluate the potential modulatory effects of selenium, zinc and vitamin E on any husbandry induced stress effects observed. Health parameters were also evaluated pre stress in order to elicit any effects of micronutrient supplementation on health parameters in unstressed fish. Selenium supplementation significantly increased glutathione peroxidase activity post stress, but not pre stress, indicating an increased requirement of selenium in stressed fish. No other differences were observed between dietary treatments for any parameter measured either pre stress or post stress, indicating that levels of selenium, zinc and vitamin E were probably sufficient in the control diet. Further work is needed to enhance our understanding on the interaction between, and the role of, stress and dietary micronutrients in fish health using a suite of assays to monitor all aspects of fish health, both in vitro and in vivo.
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Takeuchi, Kazuharu. "STUDIES ON THE FISH TAURINE TRANSPORTER INDUCED BY HYPEROSMOTIC STRESS." Kyoto University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/150776.

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Kyoto University (京都大学)
0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第9005号
農博第1187号
新制||農||821(附属図書館)
学位論文||H13||N3524(農学部図書室)
UT51-2001-F335
京都大学大学院農学研究科応用生物科学専攻
(主査)教授 坂口 守彦, 教授 田中 克, 教授 林 勇夫
学位規則第4条第1項該当
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Miller, Lana L., and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "The effects of selenium on the physiological stress response in fish." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 2006, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/397.

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Selenium (Se), an essential element, can bioaccumulate and become toxic. The main toxicity symptom in fish, teratogenicity, is mediated by oxidative stress; however, little is known about the effect of Se on the physiological stress response (PSR). The effects of Se on the PSR and oxidative stress parameters were investigated in rainbow trout, brook trout, and white suckers. The PSR was activated by acute and sub-chronic laboratory exposures to NaSeO3, but not exposure to environmental levels of Se. Species-specific sensitivity to Se may be explained by biochemical differences. Rainbow trout (exhibit oxidative damage with Se exposure) have greater GSH reserves (cycles with Se causing oxidative stress) than brook trout. Selenium in agricultural drain water did not accumulate to dangerous levels in white suckers, but additional stressors (e.g. pesticides) were present. Differences in sensitivity to Se may alter competitive interactions between species, changing community compositions and putting additional pressure on threatened species.
xiii, 150 leaves ; 29 cm.
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Zha, Yinghua. "Assembly of Gut Microbial Communities in Freshwater Fish and Their Roles in Fish Condition." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Limnologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-314235.

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Animal hosts provide associated microorganisms with suitable ecological niches in their intestines. Microbes help their hosts to digest food, protect against pathogens, and influence the host’s metabolisms. Compositional variation of gut microbial communities is common among hosts, and may affect the health status of hosts. Diet and genetic factors are well known to influence the assembly of gut microbial communities. This thesis focuses on disentangling the contributions of factors including host genetics (sex), diet, environment, and other ecological processes to the assembly of gut microbial communities in freshwater fish. The association between gut microbial communities and fish condition is also evaluated in this thesis. Applying metacommunity theory, we found environmental factors including fish habitat, fish species, their diet, dispersal factors including microbes from fish diet, and ecological drift contributed to the assembly of fish gut microbial communities. The proportion of their contribution varied between fish species, where ecological drift explained more in perch than in roach. Under natural conditions fish populations face the risk of predation, which can induce competition and impose predation stress within prey individuals. This can therefore lead to changes in their diet qualities and quantities. In this thesis, it was shown that fish diet in terms of qualities and quantities significantly influenced the overall gut microbial composition, and this influence was dependent on fish sex, a host genetic factor. Predation stress was also suggested to significantly decrease the species richness. Furthermore, when fish were experiencing a diet shift, we showed that different bacterial phyla from novel food had different colonization success in the intestine, and this colonization success was positively influenced by predation stress. Fish condition was suggested in this thesis to be affected by gut microbial composition, especially by the contributions of the bacterial phyla Tenericutes and Actinobacteria.
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Books on the topic "Fish stress"

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Wedemeyer, Gary A. Environmental stress and fish diseases. Delhi: Narendra Publishing House, 1999.

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Contaminant Effects on Fish Symposium (1996 San Francisco State University). Contaminant Effects on Fish Symposium proceedings. Edited by Barton Bruce A, MacKinlay Don D, American Fisheries Society. Physiology Section., and International Congress on the Biology of Fishes (1996 : San Francisco State University). [Bethesda, Md.]: American Fisheries Society, Physiology Section, 1996.

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Biology of Stress in Fish - Fish Physiology. Elsevier, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/c2014-0-01967-3.

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hasan, rakib. Fish Coloring Book: Stress Relieving Fish Coloring Book. Independently Published, 2022.

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Schreck, Carl B., Colin J. Brauner, Anthony P. Farrell, and LLuis Tort. Biology of Stress in Fish. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2016.

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Schreck, Carl B., Colin J. Brauner, Anthony P. Farrell, and Lluis Tort. Biology of Stress in Fish. Elsevier Science & Technology, 2016.

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(undifferentiated), Smith, and Meyer Wedemeyer. Environmental Stress and Fish Diseases. South Asia Books, 1999.

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Fish Stress and Health in Aquaculture. Cambridge University Press, 2012.

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J, Branson Edward, ed. Fish welfare. Oxford: Blackwell Pub., 2008.

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Fish welfare. Oxford: Blackwell Pub., 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Fish stress"

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Lackner, Reinhard. "“Oxidative stress” in fish by environmental pollutants." In Fish Ecotoxicology, 203–24. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8853-0_6.

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Huntingford, Felicity, and Sunil Kadri. "Exercise, Stress and Welfare." In Swimming Physiology of Fish, 161–74. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31049-2_7.

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Tort, Lluis, and Joan Carles Balasch. "Stress and Immunity in Fish." In Principles of Fish Immunology, 609–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85420-1_20.

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Madaro, Angelico, Tore S. Kristiansen, and Michail A. Pavlidis. "How Fish Cope with Stress?" In Animal Welfare, 251–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41675-1_11.

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Lushchak, Volodymyr I. "Environmentally Induced Oxidative Stress in Fish." In Oxidative Stress in Aquatic Ecosystems, 295–307. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444345988.ch21.

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Hamazaki, Tomohito. "Aggression, Fish Oil, and Noradrenergic Activity." In Nutrients, Stress, and Medical Disorders, 245–52. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-952-4:245.

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Tort, Lluis, and Mariana Teles. "Genomic Responses to Stress Challenges in Fish." In Functional Genomics in Aquaculture, 147–68. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118350041.ch7.

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Yamashita, M. "Stress-Inducible Gene Expression in Fish Cells." In Animal Cell Technology: Basic & Applied Aspects, 1–4. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5161-0_1.

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Faught, E., J. Hernandez-Perez, J. M. Wilson, and M. M. Vijayan. "Stress in response to environmental changes." In Climate change and non-infectious fish disorders, 136–62. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781786393982.0136.

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Kroll, Alexandra, Dana Kühnel, and Kristin Schirmer. "Testing Nanomaterial Toxicity in Unicellular Eukaryotic Algae and Fish Cell Lines." In Oxidative Stress and Nanotechnology, 165–95. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-475-3_11.

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Conference papers on the topic "Fish stress"

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Razzaq, Abdul, Mohsin Raza, Fahad Saif, M. Salman Sajid, Naheed Bano, and Ali Haider Khan. "IoT Based Fish Stress Factor Monitoring System." In 2021 International Conference on Innovative Computing (ICIC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icic53490.2021.9692935.

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Ahn, Chang Hyuk, Ho Myeon Song, Jae Ro Park, Joon-Ha Park, Gyu-Hong Jo, and Jum-Ok Park. "Comparative evaluation of thermal stress of fish in a small pond with a fish shelter." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CIVIL, MECHANICAL AND MATERIAL ENGINEERING: ICCMME 2018. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5041402.

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Čada, Glenn, Thomas Carlson, John Ferguson, Marshall Richmond, and Michael Sale. "Exploring the Role of Shear Stress and Severe Turbulence in Downstream Fish Passage." In Waterpower Conference 1999. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40440(1999)57.

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Lee, Chun Woo, Gun Ho Lee, Moo Youl Choe, Dae Ho Song, and Seyed Abbas Hosseini. "Dynamic Behavior of a Submersible Fish Cage." In ASME 2009 28th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2009-79328.

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Fish cage system is influenced by various external forces from the ocean environments, and the movements and the deformation of the cage by these external forces affect the safety of the cage itself, as well as that of the cultured organisms. In this research, submersible fish cage was designed to endure less physical stress by harsh sea conditions, and to keep the organisms in safer life by reducing the stress through exposure and movement. The submersible cage system consists of netting, mooring ropes, floating collar, floats, sinkers and anchors. Mass-spring model was used to predict the dynamic response of the cage subjected to tidal currents and waves. Computer simulation was performed for fish cage at the surface and submerged positions to investigate the dynamics of the motion and to calculate mooring line tensions. As expected, the average tension value of the mooring line for the submerged cage were less, being 64% of what we got in the case of surface position under the current velocity of 0.5 m/s combined with the waves. As the waves was used in combination with the current velocity of 1.0 m/s, the average tensile load for the submerged cage showed 85% of the value for the floating cage. The simulation results provide an improved understanding of the dynamic behaviors of the structure and their capability to withstand in subject to sever environmental loadings, and also valuable information on the optimized design of the cage system exposed to the open ocean environmental factors.
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Bai, Xiao-Dong, Yun-Peng Zhao, Guo-Hai Dong, and Chun-Wei Bi. "Investigation on the Probabilistic Distribution of the Stress Range of Net Cage Floater of Fish Cage for Fatigue Life Prediction." In ASME 2018 37th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2018-78760.

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The failure risk of fish cages has increased in the harsher environmental conditions as fish farms have moved into the open sea in recent years. Fatigue failure is an important limit state for the floating system of the fish cage under the long-term action of waves. This study is presented to investigate the applicable probability density function for estimating fatigue life of the high-density polyethylene (HDPE) floating collars. The stress response of the floating collars system in random wave is firstly analyzed based on the finite element analysis combined with a hydrodynamic model. The stress histories of floating collars under each sea state are counted using the rainflow method as a benchmark for fatigue frequency domain analysis. The distribution of stress range was fitted by various probability density functions including Rayleigh, Weibull, Gamma and generalized extreme value (GEV) distributions. Comparisons of the estimated fatigue life using different distributions with rainflow statistic results were performed. Results indicate fatigue estimation based on the GEV and Gamma distributions by removing the negligible low stress range give much more accurate fatigue damage results of the short-term stress range distribution. While Weibull distribution overestimates the fatigue lifetime of the floating collar based on the short-term distribution of stress ranges.
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Thomassen, Paul E., and Bernt J. Leira. "Assessment of Fatigue Damage of Floating Fish Cages Due to Wave Induced Response." In ASME 2009 28th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2009-79674.

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Floating fish cages provide the main production utilities for salmon farming. However, despite their pivotal role in production safety as well as in protection of the environment, there is still much room for improvement in relation to verified structural design procedures and computerized tools for structural analysis. To a large extent they can be regarded as not being in accordance with the state-of-the-art of structural analysis and design for more traditional types of marine structures. In this paper a study of fatigue design for floating fish farms is presented. The study is based on a structure which is being applied by the Norwegian fish farming industry today. The floater is made of steel cylinders which are configured as a square. The formulation for the wave loading is based on a combination of potential theory and horizontal drag forces on the floater. Horizontal and vertical drag forces on the netpen are also accounted for. A fatigue design procedure for floating fish farms in steel is suggested. The procedure is based on a time domain analysis of the structure in irregular waves. For each seastate half an hour (real time) analysis is performed and the stress history for an assumed critical location is computed. Based on the stress histories, the fatigue damage is estimated by application of rain flow counting and a given SN curve. The scatter diagram for the seastates at a given location is generated from the associated wind speed distribution.
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Zamora-López, Antonio, Adrián Guerrero-Gómez, Mar Torralva, José Manuel Zamora-Marín, Antonio Guillén-Beltrán, Patricio López-Martínez de la Plaza, and Francisco José Oliva-Paterna. "Fish Assemblage Response to Eutrophic-Mediated Environmental Stress Events in the Mar Menor Coastal Lagoon (SE of Spain)." In SIBIC 2022. Basel Switzerland: MDPI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/blsf2022013005.

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Dalgamouni, Tasneem atef, Shatha Kanji, Maroua Cherif, Rihab Rasheed, Touria Bounnit, Hareb Aljabri, Imen Saadaoui, and Radhouane Ben Hamadou. "Isolation, Cultivation, and Characterization of Novel Local Marine Micro-Algae for Aquaculture Feed Supplement Production." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0037.

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Aquaculture is considered as a promising alternative to support the food demands of the everincreasing population. Currently, this sector faces several challenges such as using fishmeal, which is unsustainable and expensive. Therefore, it is necessary to identify an alternative feed component that is sustainable, cost-effective and can provide the essential nutrients required by the fish. In this context, microalgae are considered as a viable source of proteins, lipids, polysaccharides and highvalue products (HVPs) such as essential fatty acids, amino acids and vitamins. They play a vital role in the marine food chain and hence can be easily assimilated by the fish. The current research targeted the isolation, identification and characterization of novel marine microalgae from Qatar coastline to produce aquaculture feed supplement. As the climate poses a number of stress factors, such as high light intensities, temperatures and varying salinities, it is expected that novel microalgae with interesting metabolite profiles can be isolated from the environment for developing aquaculture sector in Qatar. Standard plating methods were used to isolate halophilic strains from field waters. PCR-sequencing was used to identify the novel microalgae, cyanobacteria and diatom isolates. Then a comparative analysis of the growth performance and metabolite content was performed to characterize these strains. Results evidenced that the cyanobacteria strain exhibited the highest biomass productivity of 51.4 mg L-1day-1 whereas the highest lipid content was observed in the novel diatom isolate ranging up to 28.62% and the highest amount of carotenoids was detected in the case of the microalgae. As in conclusion, a rich feed supplement blending the three isolates can be considered as an alternative to fishmeal. As a continuation of this research, the potential strains will be cultivated under various stress to increase their nutritional value.
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Aune, Ragnhild, Hans Fostervoll, and Odd Magne Akselsen. "Hydrogen Assisted Cracking in Welding of 13% Cr Supermartensitic Stainless Steels." In ASME 2003 22nd International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2003-37282.

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Supermartensitic stainless steels are known to be prone to hydrogen induced cold cracking. Therefore, the objective of this work was to assess the susceptibility to hydrogen cracking in Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) with use of matching base and filler materials (supermartensitic stainless steel), using the Instrumented Restraint Cracking (IRC) test. Root welding in the IRC test did not result in hydrogen induced cracking, neither for low nor high weld metal hydrogen content. Because of the martensitic transformation, the global residual stresses are very low after welding (below 100 MPa). Since the yield strength (Rp0.2%) of the material is about 600–720 MPa, it implies that the IRC test method is not very suitable for supermartensitic stainless steels. However, by performing IRC test multi-layer welding, micro-cracks were found in the last pass. An increase in the weld metal hydrogen content resulted in reduced fracture stress and ductility, as observed in tensile testing of IRC test specimens directly after welding. Investigation of the fracture surfaces of the specimens with high hydrogen contents showed fish eyes, which are strong indications of hydrogen embrittlement. By performing heat treatment (225°C for 24 hours) of specimens with high hydrogen contents and subsequent tensile testing, the fracture stress and ductility were restored to the initial base metal level. Slow Strain Rate Testing (SSRT) with and without Cathodic Protection (CP) was performed on test specimens sampled transverse to the welding direction. CP has detrimental effect on the fracture stress and ductility due to the high weld metal hydrogen pick up.
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Lian, Zengyan, Qiang Du, Guang Liu, Ruonan Wang, and Lei Xie. "Numerical Investigation on Unsteady Characteristics in Different Rim Seal Geometries: Part B." In ASME Turbo Expo 2020: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2020-15607.

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Abstract Hot gas ingestion into the wheel space can reduce the lifetime of vulnerable components in gas turbine like the turbine disk. Rim seal structure at the periphery of the wheel-space is designed to protect the turbine disk from hot gas. This paper describes the steady and unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS and URANS) computation method with Shear Stress Transport (SST) turbulent model using commercial CFD code and the validation of grids. The RANS and URANS computation have been carried out in a one stage turbine model with different rim seal configurations: fish-mouth rim seal and double rim seal. A 10.91° sector computation model comprises one pitch in a row of stator vanes, and rotor blades is set up and simulated with different sealant flow rate. Results show that the fish-mouth rim seal can achieve higher sealing effectiveness with low sealant flow rate by installing the inner shell at high radius on the stator disk. The comparison between the steady and unsteady results indicates that the RANS computation underpredicts the level of the hot gas ingestion, especially in the double rim seal configuration. It can be found in the URANS computation results at different time steps that, when the rotating effect is considered, the interaction between the vane wake and the wave of the blade leading edge can lead to more serious pressure asymmetry, which worsens the hot gas ingestion. The counter-rotating vortex induced at outer wheel space and the Kelvin-Helmholtz-like vortices caused by velocity difference of mainstream and sealing flow can further aggravate the ingress.
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Reports on the topic "Fish stress"

1

Noga, Edward J., Angelo Colorni, Michael G. Levy, and Ramy Avtalion. Importance of Endobiotics in Defense against Protozoan Ectoparasites of Fish. United States Department of Agriculture, September 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7586463.bard.

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Infectious disease is one of the most serious causes of economic loss in all sectors of aquaculture. There is a critical need to understand the molecular basis for protection against infectious disease so that safer, more reliable and more cost-effective strategies can be designed for their control. As part of this effort, the major goal of our BARD project was to determine the importance of endobiotics as a defense against protozoan ectoparasites in fish. Endobiotics, or antimicrobial polypeptides, are peptides and small proteins that are increasingly recognized as having a vital role in the innate defense of virtually all animals. One objective of our BARD project was to determine the antiparasitic potency of one specific group of endobiotics that were isolated from hybrid striped bass (Morone saxatilis x M chrysops). We found that these endobiotics, which we had previously named histone-like proteins (HLPs), exhibited potent activity against Amyloodinium and that the putative levels of HLPs in the skin were well within the levels that we found to be lethal to the parasite in vitro. We also found evidence for the presence of similar antibiotics in sea bream (Sparus aurata) and Mediterranean sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). We also examined the effect of chronic stress on the expression of HLP in fish and found that HLP levels were dramatically decreased after only one week of a crowding/high ammonia sublethal stress. We also began to explore the feasibility of upregulating endobiotics via immunostimulation. However, we did not pursue this objective as fully as we originally intended because we spent a much larger effort than originally anticipated on the last objective, the attempted isolation of novel endobiotics from hybrid striped bass. In this regard, we purified and identified four new peptide endobiotics. These endobiotics, which we have named piscidins (from "Pisces" meaning fish), have potent, broad-spectrum activity against a number of both fish and human pathogens. This includes not only parasites but also bacteria. We also demonstrated that these peptides are present in the mast cell. This was the first time that the mast cell, the most common tissue granulocyte in vertebrates, was shown to possess any type of endobiotic. This finding has important implications in explaining the possible function of mast cells in the immune response of vertebrates. In summary, the research we have accomplished in this BARD project has demonstrated that endobiotics in fish have potent activity against many serious pathogens in aquaculture and that there is considerable potential to use these compounds as stress indicators in aquaculture. There is also considerable potential to use some of these compounds in other areas of medicine, including treatment of serious infectious diseases of humans and animals.
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Noga, Edward J., Ramy R. Avtalion, and Michael Levy. Comparison of the Immune Response of Striped Bass and Hybrid Bass. United States Department of Agriculture, August 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568749.bard.

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We developed methods for examining the pathophysical response of striped bass and hybrid bass to various forms of stress. This involved development of techniques for the measurement of lysozyme, mitogen blastogenesis, mixed lymphocyte reaction, and oxidative burst, which are important general indicators of systemic immune function. We also examined local immune defenses (epithelial integrity), as well as homeostatic indicators in blood, including osmotic balance and glucose. Acute stress resulted in significant perturbations in a number of parameters, including glucose, electrolytes, osmolarity, lysozyme, and mixed lymphocyte reaction. Most significantly, acute confinement stress resulted in severe damage to the epidermal epithelium, as indicated by the rapid (within 2 hr) development of erosions and ulcerations on various fins. There were significant differences in the resting levels of some immune functions between striped bass and hybrid bass, including response to mitogens in the leukocyte blastogenesis test. Our studies also revealed that there were significant differences in how striped bass and hybrid bass respond to stress, with striped bass being much more severely affected by stress than the hybrid. This was reflected in more severe changes in glucose, cortisol dynamics, and plasma lysozyme. Most significantly, striped bass developed more severe idiopathic skin ulceration after stress, which may be a major reason why this fish is so prone to develop opportunistic bacterial and fungal infections after stress. Hybrid bass injected with equine serum albumin developed a typical humoral immune response, with peak antibody production 28 days after primary immunization. Fish that were exposed to a chronic stress after a primary immunization showed almost complete inhibition of antibody production.
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Gothilf, Yoav, Roger Cone, Berta Levavi-Sivan, and Sheenan Harpaz. Genetic manipulations of MC4R for increased growth and feed efficiency in fish. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.7600043.bard.

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The hypothalamic melanocortin system plays a central role in the regulation of food consumption and energy homeostasis in mammals. Accordingly, our working hypothesis in this project was that genetic editing of the mc4r gene, encoding Melanocortin Receptor 4 (MC4R), will enhance food consumption, feed efficiency and growth in fish. To test this hypothesis and to assess the utility of mc4r editing for the enhancement of feed efficiency and growth in fish, the following objectives were set: Test the effect of the mc4r-null allele on feeding behavior, growth, metabolism and survival in zebrafish. Generate mc4r-null alleles in tilapia and examine the consequences for growth and survival, feed efficiency and body composition. Generate and examine the effect of naturally-occurring mc4r alleles found in swordfish on feeding behavior, growth and survival in zebrafish. Define the MC4R-mediated and MC4R-independent effects of AgRP by crossing mc4r- null strains with fish lacking AgRP neurons or the agrpgene. Our results in zebrafish did not support our hypothesis. While knockout of the agrpgene or genetic ablation of hypothalamic AgRP neurons led to reduced food intake in zebrafish larvae, knockout (KO) of the mc4r gene not only did not increase the rate of food intake but even reduced it. Since Melanocortin Receptor 3 (MC3R) has also been proposed to be involved in hypothalamic control of food intake, we also tested the effectofmc3r gene KO. Again, contrary to our hypothesis, the rate of food intake decreased. The next step was to generate a double mutant lucking both functional MC3R and MC4R. Again, the double KO exhibited reduced food intake. Thus, the only manipulation within the melanocortin system that affected food intake in consistent with the expected role of the system was seen in zebrafish larvae upon agrpKO. Interestingly, despite the apparent reduced food intake in the larval stage, these fish grow to be of the same size as wildtype fish at the adult stage. Altogether, it seems that there is a compensatory mechanism that overrides the effect of genetic manipulations of the melanocortin system in zebrafish. Under Aim 3, we introduced the Xna1, XnB1l, and XnB2A mutations from the Xiphophorus MC4R alleles into the zebrafish MC4R gene. We hypothesized that these MC4R mutations would act as dominant negative alleles to increase growth by suppressing endogenous MC4R activity. When we examined the activity of the three mutant alleles, we were unable to document any inhibition of a co-transfected wild type MC4R allele, hence we did not introduce these alleles into zebrafish. Since teleost fish possess two agrpgenes we also tested the effect of KO of the agrp2 gene and ablation of the AgRP2 cells. We found that the AgRP2 system does not affect food consumption but may rather be involved in modulating the stress response. To try to apply genetic editing in farmed fish species we turned to tilapia. Injection of exogenous AgRP in adult tilapia induced significant changes in the expression of pituitary hormones. Genetic editing in tilapia is far more complicated than in zebrafish. Nevertheless, we managed to generate one mutant fish carrying a mutation in mc4r. That individual died before reaching sexual maturity. Thus, our attempt to generate an mc4r-mutant tilapia line was almost successful and indicate out non-obvious capability to generate mutant tilapia.
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4

Wedemeyer, Gary A. Development of an Effective Transport Media for Juvenile Spring Chinook Salmon to Mitigate Stress and Improve Smolt Survival During Columbia River Fish Hauling Operations, 1985 Final Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5361394.

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5

Author, Not Given. Project Brief: Fish Screens for Yakima Streams. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/920641.

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6

Simonson, Timothy D., John Lyons, and Paul D. Kanehl. Guidelines for evaluating fish habitat in Wisconsin streams. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/nc-gtr-164.

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7

Dolloff, C. Andrew, David G. Hankin, and Gordon H. Reeves. Basinwide Estimation of Habitat and Fish Populations in Streams. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/se-gtr-083.

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8

Dolloff, C. Andrew, David G. Hankin, and Gordon H. Reeves. Basinwide Estimation of Habitat and Fish Populations in Streams. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/se-gtr-83.

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9

Eaton, D., and C. E. Jr Murphy. Tritium uptake by fish in a small stream. Revision 1. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10188477.

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10

Eaton, D., and C. E. Jr Murphy. Tritium uptake by fish in a small stream. [Largemouth Bass]. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6913949.

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