Academic literature on the topic 'Fish populations Victoria'
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Journal articles on the topic "Fish populations Victoria"
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Klanten, O. Selma, Michelle R. Gaither, Samuel Greaves, Kade Mills, Kristine O’Keeffe, John Turnbull, Rob McKinnon, and David J. Booth. "Genomic and morphological evidence of distinct populations in the endemic common (weedy) seadragon Phyllopteryx taeniolatus (Syngnathidae) along the east coast of Australia." PLOS ONE 15, no. 12 (December 23, 2020): e0243446. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0243446.
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The common or weedy seadragon, Phyllopteryx taeniolatus, is an iconic and endemic fish found across temperate reefs of southern Australia. Despite its charismatic nature, few studies have been published, and the extent of population sub-structuring remains poorly resolved. Here we used 7462 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to identify the extent of population structure in the weedy seadragon along the temperate southeast coast of Australia. We identified four populations, with strong genetic structure (FST = 0.562) between them. Both Discriminant Analysis of Principle Components (DAPC) and Bayesian clustering analyses support four distinct genetic clusters (north to south: central New South Wales, southern NSW, Victoria and Tasmania). In addition to these genetic differences, geographical variation in external morphology was recorded, with individuals from New South Wales shaped differently for a few measurements to those from the Mornington Peninsula (Victoria). We posit that these genetic and morphological differences suggest that the Victorian population of P. taeniolatus was historically isolated by the Bassian Isthmus during the last glacial maximum and should now be considered at least a distinct population. We also recorded high levels of genetic structure among the other locations. Based on the genomic and to a degree morphological evidence presented in this study, we recommend that the Victorian population be managed separately from the eastern populations (New South Wales and Tasmania).
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Koster, W. M., D. R. Dawson, J. R. Morrongiello, and D. A. Crook. "Spawning season movements of Macquarie perch (Macquaria australasica) in the Yarra River, Victoria." Australian Journal of Zoology 61, no. 5 (2013): 386. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo13054.
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The Macquarie perch (Macquaria australasica) is a threatened fish species that inhabits rivers and impoundments in south-eastern Australia. Previous studies have shown that Macquarie perch in impoundments exhibit synchronised upstream spawning migrations to shallow, fast-flowing habitats in the lower reaches of inflowing streams. There has been little study of movement behaviours of entirely riverine populations of Macquarie perch despite this being the species’ natural habitat. Here, radio-telemetry is used to test the hypothesis that riverine populations exhibit synchronised migrations during the spawning season. Thirty Macquarie perch in the Yarra River, Victoria, a translocated population outside of the species’ natural range, were radio-tagged before the late spring–early summer spawning season and their movements followed over a 10-month period (May 2011 to February 2012). Tagged fish typically occupied restricted reaches of stream (<450 m). Sixteen of the fish undertook occasional upstream or downstream movements (~250–1000 m) away from their usual locations, particularly associated with large flow variations during the spawning season. There was no evidence of synchronised migratory behaviour or movement of multiple fish to specific locations or habitats during the spawning season. Whilst further research over more years is needed to comprehensively document the spawning-related behaviours of riverine Macquarie perch, our study demonstrates that management of riverine populations of this threatened species cannot necessarily be based on the model of spawning behaviour developed for lacustrine populations.
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Olwa, Richard, Herbert Nakiyende, Elias Muhumuza, Samuel Bassa, Anthony Taabu-Munyaho, and Winnie Nkalubo. "Ecology of the Critically Endangered Singidia Tilapia (Teleostei: Cichlidae: Oreochromis esculentus) of lake Kayanja, Uganda and its conservation implications." Journal of Threatened Taxa 12, no. 10 (July 26, 2020): 16251–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.5700.12.10.16251-16256.
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Singidia Tilapia Oreochromis esculentus is a Critically Endangered native tilapia fish species endemic to lakes Victoria and Kyoga basins of East Africa, however, it disappeared from these main lakes due to overfishing, environmental degradation and predation by the introduced Nile Perch Lates niloticus. Remnant populations of this fish species is now restricted to satellite lakes including Lake Kayanja of the Victoria basin. This study provides updated information about the population abundance, critical habitat, threats and diet of Singidia Tilapia to inform conservation decisions to revive its populations in the wild. Fish data collection and mapping of nursery and breeding habitats of Singidia Tilapia on Lake Kayanja was conducted between February 2016 and October 2017. In all the areas mapped and sampled, Singidia Tilapia (with a size range of 11–27 cm TL) was the most abundant (43%) relative to exotic Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (21%) and Redbelly Tilapia Coptodon zillii (36%). The emergence of introduced (exotic) tilapias like Nile Tilapia recorded in this study could be attributed to cage fish farming being carried out in this Lake. The diet of Oreochromis esculentus consisted mainly of detritus (60.8 %), plant materials (27.7%) and blue-green algae (5.5%). Destruction of critical habitats and presence of introduced fish species were noted as the major threats to this fish and its habitats. The generated information could contribute to guiding stakeholders to undertake appropriate actions to conserve this threatened fish species and its habitats.
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Barbee, Nicole C., Robin Hale, John Morrongiello, Andy Hicks, David Semmens, Barbara J. Downes, and Stephen E. Swearer. "Large-scale variation in life history traits of the widespread diadromous fish, Galaxias maculatus, reflects geographic differences in local environmental conditions." Marine and Freshwater Research 62, no. 7 (2011): 790. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf10284.
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Applying uniform population models and management strategies to widespread species can be ineffective if populations exhibit variable life histories in response to local conditions. Galaxias maculatus, one of the world’s most widely distributed fish species, occurs in a broad range of habitats and is highly adaptable, making it an ideal species for examining variation in life history traits across large geographic scales. Here, we examine the spawning biology and early life history of diadromous G. maculatus in coastal rivers in Victoria, Australia, and compare them to other populations throughout its range. We predicted that traits associated with these critical life stages, especially those that respond to environmental conditions that vary geographically, such as seasonal cues and temperature, are likely to vary across large spatial scales. We found that spawning occurs later in Victoria than in New Zealand (NZ) and South America, but migration back to rivers occurs at the same time in Victoria and NZ, but not South America. G. maculatus returning to rivers are also smaller and younger in Victoria than those in NZ. Other traits, like some attributes of spawning schools and spawning habitats, did not vary across large scales. Researchers and managers should be cautious when making broad assumptions about the biology of widely distributed species.
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Getabu, A. "Spatial distribution and temporal changes in the fish populations of Lake Victoria." Aquatic Living Resources 16, no. 3 (July 2003): 159–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0990-7440(03)00008-1.
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Crook, David A., Jed I. Macdonald, and Tarmo A. Raadik. "Evidence of diadromous movements in a coastal population of southern smelts (Retropinninae: Retropinna) from Victoria, Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 59, no. 7 (2008): 638. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf07238.
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Understanding the migratory behaviour of fishes is critical to the conservation and management of fish assemblages in coastal rivers. We analysed the otolith chemical signatures of smelt, Retropinna sp., from inland and coastal populations in mainland south-eastern Australia to determine whether individuals within coastal populations of the species were diadromous. Assessments of otolith chemical composition combined with water chemistry data were used to make inferences about the migration histories of individual fish. A proportion of the smelt collected from the freshwater reaches of a coastal river exhibited diadromous movements, with the majority of fish analysed showing evidence of estuarine or marine occupation as larvae/juveniles and a minority inhabiting freshwater throughout their life histories. A broad range in the daily ages of upstream migration into freshwater (15–106 days) and the timing of these migrations suggest that spawning and migration occur over several months during the summer/autumn period. The results of this study suggest that southern smelts are an ecologically variable taxonomic group and that conservation and management actions should take into account the range of migratory behaviours exhibited both within populations and across regions.
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Appleford, P., T. A. Anderson, and G. J. Gooley. "Reproductive cycle and gonadal development of Macquarie perch, Macquaria australasica Cuvier (Percichthyidae), in Lake Dartmouth and tributaries of the Murray - Darling Basin, Victoria, Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 49, no. 2 (1998): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf97012.
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The gonadal development, reproductive cycle and growth of Macquarie perch, Macquaria australasica Cuvier, in Lake Dartmouth and selected tributaries of the Murray–Darling River Basin in south-eastern Australia were evaluated. Gonadosomatic index (GSI) and histological analysis were used to determine gonadal development and age and size at first maturity in the resident Lake Dartmouth population. GSI analysis was also used to determine age and size of Macquarie perch at first maturity in the inflowing Mitta Mitta River and other riverine populations within the Goulburn River catchment. Males appeared slightly smaller at first spawning than females at all sites; both sexes were fully mature at four years of age. Differences in size at first maturity were found between the lake and river populations; both males and females of river populations tended to mature at a much smaller size than the fish resident in the lake. Spawning occurred around November. Ovarian and testicular development in this species follows a pattern similar to that of other native Australian percichthyids. The implications for management of recreational fisheries based on minimum size regulations is discussed in relation to site-specific differences in growth rates and size of first maturity of fish.
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Langdon, JS. "Haemosiderosis in Platycephalus bassensis and Diodon nicthemerus in south-east Australian coastal waters." Marine and Freshwater Research 37, no. 5 (1986): 587. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9860587.
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The degree of haemosiderin deposition in the spleen, liver, and kidney of P. bassensis and D. nicthemerus was compared in specimens from Port Phillip Bay, and Lakes Entrance, Victoria, Bass Strait, and the Derwent estuary, Tasmania. D. nicthemerus displayed extensive visceral haemosiderosis and fatty infiltration of the liver at all sites, apparently as normal conditions. P. bassensis from Port Phillip Bay displayed severe visceral haemosiderosis, whereas specimens from the remaining sites had only low background levels of haemosiderin deposition. It is suggested that high levels of visceral haemosiderin in fish species normally displaying low levels are indicative of a suboptimal health status in fish populations. No infectious cause of the haemosiderosis in Port Phillip Bay fish has been identified, and toxic or pollution-related causes are thus considered likely to be responsible.
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Onyuka, JHO, R. Kakai, PF Arama, and AVO Ofulla. "Comparison of antimicrobial activities of brine salting, chlorinated solution and Moringa oleifera plant extracts in fish from Lake Victoria basin of Kenya." African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development 13, no. 58 (July 10, 2013): 7772–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.58.11260.
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Chemical preservatives can be used to reduce the overall microbial populations in fish and fish products. This study was set to determine the antimicrobial activities of brine salting, chlorinated solution, and Moringa oleifera plant extracts treatments on enteric bacteria in Rastrineobola argentea and Oreochromis niloticus fish collected from beaches and markets in Lake Victoria basi n of western Kenya. Using a cross-sectional samples collection design, fresh fish ( Rastrineobola argentea and Oreochromis niloticus ) samples were randomly collected from three fish landing beaches (Dunga, Luanda Rombo and Sirongo) and from three markets (Kisumu, Luanda and Bondo), in the Lake Victoria Basin of western Kenya and take n to the laboratory within 4 hours for processing and treatments with preservatives. The preservatives were sodium chloride solutions (3%, 6%, 9% and 12%), sodi um hypochlorite (50ppm, 100ppm, 150ppm and 200ppm), and Moringa oleifera n-hexane and ethanol ex tract solutions (20μg/ml, 40μg/ml, 60μg/ml, and 80μg/ml), respectively. The treatments were done for 0hrs, 2hrs, 4hrs, 6hrs and 8hrs, before bacteria growth analysis using most probable number and aerobic plate count methods. Statistical differences in effectiveness of the preservatives was determined by one factor ANOVA with P<0.05 value considered statistically significant. The results showed that with increase in salt concentration and after 8 hours treatment duration, there was a significant reduction of microbial load in R. argentae and O. niloticus fish samples, P<0.05, one factor ANOVA. The effectiveness of chlorinated solution (sodium hypochlorite) against the bacteria decreased with time but increased with increase in concentration. As M. oleifera n-hexane and ethanol extracts concentrations increased and after 8 hours treatment duration, there was significant decrease in microbial loads, P<0.001 by one factor ANOVA. Over all, sodium chloride at 12% concentration was the most effective and chlorine solution even at 200ppm was the least effective while the M. oleifera plant extrtional sodium chloride, M. oleifera plant extracts can also be used as antimicrobial agent for processing and preservation of fish.
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Konijnendijk, N., D. A. Joyce, H. D. J. Mrosso, M. Egas, and O. Seehausen. "Community Genetics Reveal Elevated Levels of Sympatric Gene Flow among Morphologically Similar but Not among Morphologically Dissimilar Species of Lake Victoria Cichlid Fish." International Journal of Evolutionary Biology 2011 (November 24, 2011): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/616320.
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We examined genetic structure among five species of Lake Victoria haplochromine cichlids in four island communities, using a full factorial sampling design that compared genetic differentiation between pairs of species and populations of varying morphological similarity and geographical proximity. We found that allopatric conspecific populations were on average significantly more strongly differentiated than sympatric heterospecific populations of morphologically similar species. Allopatric heterospecific populations of morphologically dissimilar species were most differentiated. Our work demonstrates that phenotypic divergence can be maintained and perhaps even evolve in sympatry despite considerable gene flow between species. Conversely, phenotypic resemblance among conspecific populations can be maintained despite geographical isolation. Additionally we show that anthropogenically increased hybridization does not affect all sympatric species evenly but predominantly affects morphologically similar and closely related species. This has important implications for the evolution of reproductive isolation between species These findings are also consistent with the hypothesis of speciation reversal due to weakening of divergent selection and reproductive isolation as a consequence of habitat homogenization and offers an evolutionary mechanistic explanation for the observation that species poor assemblages in turbid areas of the lake are characterized by just one or two species in each of a few morphologically distinct genera.
Books on the topic "Fish populations Victoria"
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Wurster, Charles F. DDT Wars. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190219413.001.0001.
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DDT Wars is the untold inside story of the decade-long scientific, legal and strategic campaign that culminated in the national ban of the insecticide DDT in 1972. The widespread misinformation, disinformation and mythology of the DDT issue are corrected in this book. DDT contamination had become worldwide, concentrating up food chains and causing birds to lay thin-shelled eggs that broke in the nests. Populations of many species of predatory and fish-eating birds collapsed, including the American Bald Eagle, Osprey, Peregrine Falcon and Brown Pelican. Their numbers recovered spectacularly in the decades following the ban. During the campaign DDT and five other insecticides were found to cause cancer in laboratory tests, which led to bans of these six pesticides by international treaty in 2001. This campaign produced lasting changes in American pesticide policies. The legal precedents broke down the court "standing" barrier, forming the basis for the development of environmental law as we know it today. This case history represents one of the greatest environmental victories of recent decades. DDT is still "controversial" because it has been deceptively interjected into the "climate wars." This campaign was led by the Environmental Defense Fund (EDF), founded in 1967 by ten citizens, most of them scientists, volunteers without special political connections or financial resources. Their strategy was to take environmental problems to court. There were many setbacks along the way in this exciting and entertaining story. The group was often kicked out of court, but a few determined citizens made a large difference for environmental protection and public health. Author Charles Wurster was one of the leaders of the campaign. The first six years of EDF history are described as it struggled to survive. Now EDF is one of the world's great environmental advocacy organizations defending our climate, ecosystems, oceans and public health.
Book chapters on the topic "Fish populations Victoria"
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"Advances in Fish Tagging and Marking Technology." In Advances in Fish Tagging and Marking Technology, edited by Julian M. Hughes, John Stewart, Bronwyn M. Gillanders, and Iain M. Suthers. American Fisheries Society, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874271.ch28.
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<i>Abstract</i>.—The population structure of the eastern Australian salmon <i>Arripis trutta </i>stock in the waters of southeastern (SE) Australia was examined using information provided by historical as well as current data sources. An extensive tag-recapture program and aging study undertaken during the 1960s demonstrated widespread mixing of the <i>A. trutta </i>population in SE Australian waters and established a robust model of general movement of fish from Tasmania north to Victoria and NSW with the approach of sexual maturity at ~four years of age. However, this work also hypothesized that the portion of the stock at Flinders Island in Tasmanian waters was resident and did not undergo this northward migration. Otolith chemistry analyses were therefore used as a tool in a ‘weight of evidence’ approach to further examine the population structure of the <i>A. trutta </i>stock in SE Australia. Samples of five year old <i>A. trutta </i>for analysis of otolith chemistry were collected over seven weeks from two sites (10 per site) within each of four locations: northern NSW, southern NSW, Victoria and Tasmania. The cores and edges of otoliths were analyzed using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Univariate analyses did not find spatial differences for any of the elements Li, Na, Mg, Mn, Ba or Sr between locations. Multivariate analyses however, did find differences between the multi-element ‘fingerprints’ of fish from Tasmania compared to each of the other locations (which were similar). This difference was driven by a group of fish collected from Flinders Island in north-eastern Tasmanian waters. The fish collected at this site were also significantly smaller at five years of age than fish from all other sites, indicating reduced growth rates. The lack of consequential and definitive differences in otolith chemistry data combined with the highly migratory nature of <i>A. trutta </i>in this region demonstrated by tagging studies confirm that the most likely stock structure model for <i>A. trutta </i>in SE Australia is of a single well mixed biological stock spanning Tasmania, Victoria and NSW with fish moving north from Tasmania to mainland Australia with the approach of sexual maturity. However, the reduced growth rates and distinct elemental signature for <i>A. trutta </i>from Flinders Island highlights the need for further work to examine the preexisting hypothesis of a potential resident sub-population there.