Journal articles: 'Fish populations – New South Wales'

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Klanten, O. Selma, Michelle R. Gaither, Samuel Greaves, Kade Mills, Kristine O’Keeffe, John Turnbull, Rob McKinnon, and David J. Booth. "Genomic and morphological evidence of distinct populations in the endemic common (weedy) seadragon Phyllopteryx taeniolatus (Syngnathidae) along the east coast of Australia." PLOS ONE 15, no. 12 (December 23, 2020): e0243446. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0243446.

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The common or weedy seadragon, Phyllopteryx taeniolatus, is an iconic and endemic fish found across temperate reefs of southern Australia. Despite its charismatic nature, few studies have been published, and the extent of population sub-structuring remains poorly resolved. Here we used 7462 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to identify the extent of population structure in the weedy seadragon along the temperate southeast coast of Australia. We identified four populations, with strong genetic structure (FST = 0.562) between them. Both Discriminant Analysis of Principle Components (DAPC) and Bayesian clustering analyses support four distinct genetic clusters (north to south: central New South Wales, southern NSW, Victoria and Tasmania). In addition to these genetic differences, geographical variation in external morphology was recorded, with individuals from New South Wales shaped differently for a few measurements to those from the Mornington Peninsula (Victoria). We posit that these genetic and morphological differences suggest that the Victorian population of P. taeniolatus was historically isolated by the Bassian Isthmus during the last glacial maximum and should now be considered at least a distinct population. We also recorded high levels of genetic structure among the other locations. Based on the genomic and to a degree morphological evidence presented in this study, we recommend that the Victorian population be managed separately from the eastern populations (New South Wales and Tasmania).

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Grant, T. R., P. C. Gehrke, J. H. Harris, and S. Hartley. "Distribution of the Platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) in New South Wales: Results of The 1994-96 New South Wales Rivers Survey." Australian Mammalogy 21, no. 2 (1999): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am00177.

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Data from the New South Wales Rivers Survey on the occurrence of platypuses have provided the most recent and comprehensive record of platypus distribution in the State. The species was most commonly reported from the montane and coastal regions, being less common on the western slopes and uncommon in the rivers of the western lowlands. The observations confirmed those from earlier community-based surveys. In contrast to the distribution of native fish species, there appears to have been little change in the overall state-wide distribution of the platypus in response to degrading processes in the rivers of New South Wales, although nothing is known of the stability of their population numbers.

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Stewart, John. "Evidence of age-class truncation in some exploited marine fish populations in New South Wales, Australia." Fisheries Research 108, no. 1 (February 2011): 209–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2010.11.017.

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Sewell, Kim B., and Robert J. G. Lester. "Stock composition and movement of gemfish, Rexea solandri, as indicated by parasites." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 52, S1 (August 1, 1995): 225–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f95-530.

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The parasite fauna of gemfish, Rexea solandri, from seven areas off southern Australia, was examined for evidence of isolated gemfish populations. Canonical multivariate analyses of data on larval nematodes (Anisakis spp. and Terranova sp.), cestode plerocercoids (Hepatoxylon trichiuri and Nybelinia sp.), acanthocephalans (Rhadinorhynchus sp. and Corynosoma sp.), and a hemiuroid digenean from a total of 763 gemfish showed that the parasite faunas of fish from eastern Australia were similar except for a sample taken off New South Wales at the end of the spawning season whose affinities are unknown. Fish from South Australia had similar parasite faunas to those collected from eastern Australia, suggesting that fish from the eastern and western Bass Strait belong to the same stock. Fish collected from the Great Australian Bight were distinct from the southern and eastern fish. Differences in parasite fauna were detected between samples taken within the spawning season and those taken from the same locations outside the spawning season, presumably a result of the spawning migration.

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Jerry, Dean R. "Phylogeography of the freshwater catfish Tandanus tandanus (Plotosidae): a model species to understand evolution of the eastern Australian freshwater fish fauna." Marine and Freshwater Research 59, no. 4 (2008): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf07187.

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The geologically complex eastern Australian coastal margin supports the highest taxonomic diversity of freshwater fishes on the continent. However, mechanisms leading to coastal biogeographic patterns are poorly understood. A 399-bp fragment of the hypervariable mtDNA control region was sequenced from populations of eel-tailed catfish (Tandanus tandanus) to determine their phylogeographic structure and to relate this to proposed biogeographic mechanisms and landform evolution. Genetic structure in Tandanus is complex, with haplotypes clustering into three lineages: a phylogenetically distant, northern Queensland clade that is probably a new species; a mid-northern New South Wales clade corresponding to the recently discovered ‘Bellinger’ Tandanus cryptic species; and a third ‘derived’ clade T. tandanus. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that eastern Australian Tandanus originally invaded freshwaters from the coast where volcanic activity in the north and increasing aridity from the Paleocene reduced inter-fluvial connections, causing genetic divergence of northern Queensland and mid-northern New South Wales populations. The haplotypes represented by Murray–Darling drainage T. tandanus were the most derived, indicating that this species originally evolved on the coast and subsequently colonised the Murray–Darling basin. Tandanus in eastern Australia is phylogenetically structured and possibly comprises three species in this region; a pattern potentially shared by other eastern Australian freshwater fishes.

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Knight, James T., Catherine J. Nock, Martin S. Elphinstone, and Peter R. Baverstock. "Conservation implications of distinct genetic structuring in the endangered freshwater fish Nannoperca oxleyana (Percichthyidae)." Marine and Freshwater Research 60, no. 1 (2009): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf08022.

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The maintenance of genetic diversity and gene flow in threatened species is a vital consideration for recovery programs. The endangered Oxleyan pygmy perch Nannoperca oxleyana has a fragmented distribution within coastal freshwater drainages of southern Queensland and northern New South Wales, Australia. In the present study, mitochondrial DNA control region variation was used to assess genetic diversity and structure across the geographical range of this species. Haplotypic diversity was highest in a small NSW subcatchment south of Evans Head (h = 0.594) followed by Marcus Creek in Queensland (h = 0.475). Distinct genetic differentiation was evident among the Queensland localities and the NSW subcatchments, implying restricted gene flow between coastal river systems. One of the nine haplotypes detected was distributed over 83.4% of the species’ range, suggesting historical connectivity among the now fragmented populations. These patterns were concordant with eustatic changes associated with the last glacial maximum. High barrier sand dunes may also act as barriers to gene flow and dispersal between adjacent NSW subcatchments. Conservation efforts should focus on the preservation of genetic diversity by maintaining as many genetically differentiated populations as possible. The relatively diverse populations inhabiting the South Evans Head subcatchment and Marcus Creek require special management consideration.

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Sanchez-Camara, Jaime, David J. Booth, John Murdoch, David Watts, and Xavier Turon. "Density, habitat use and behaviour of the weedy seadragon Phyllopteryx taeniolatus (Teleostei:Syngnathidae) around Sydney, New South Wales, Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 57, no. 7 (2006): 737. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf05220.

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The vulnerability of marine fish species, particularly those inhabiting coastal waters, is an increasingly important issue in marine conservation. Although the weedy seadragon Phyllopteryx taeniolatus (Lacepede, 1804), a syngnathid fish endemic to southern Australia, is legally protected in New South Wales, there are no studies on population density, habitat use and behaviour to support this protection. We investigated the abundance, sex ratios and distribution of the weedy seadragon at three sites near Sydney, Australia. The distribution, density and sex ratios of seadragons were temporally stable, suggesting no large-scale seasonal migrations. Estimated population densities varied among sites from 10 individuals per ha to 65 individuals per ha, with sex ratios close to 1 : 1. Survival rates from one encounter to the next (approximately weekly) were high, being slightly lower for males (0.985 ± 0.006, mean ± se) and females (0.987 ± 0.005) compared with juveniles (1.000 ± 0.000). All size classes and both sexes were most common near the border of kelp and sand except when exhibiting hiding behaviour, when they were more often found in kelp beds. Kelp beds were the least-used habitat when feeding. Pregnant males tended to hide more often than other groups and therefore were more frequently found in kelp and kelp patches. Seadragons tended to be solitary, although pairing and grouping behaviour was also observed. Results of the present study show that weedy seadragons are resident in the same area throughout the year and have a strong affinity with heavily weeded rock and/or sand habitat. It is therefore recommended that the current species-based protection laws be used in concert with habitat-protection zones as a necessary measure to ensure the conservation of weedy seadragon populations.

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Woolschot, Leisl, Jane M. Hughes, and Stuart E. Bunn. "Dispersal among populations of Caridina sp. (Decapoda : Atyidae) in coastal lowland streams, south-eastern Queensland, Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 50, no. 7 (1999): 681. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf99011.

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Caridina sp. is an atyid shrimp occupying coastal streams in south-eastern Queensland and northern New South Wales. Shrimps from two geographic regions in south-eastern Queensland were examined. An analysis of 7 allozyme loci showed very high levels of genetic differentiation among catchments (F ST = 0.65) with much lower levels within catchments. This indicates extremely limited dispersal among catchments with greater levels within catchments. The levels of genetic differentiation were even greater than previously reported for two other atyid shrimp species occurring in upland rainforest streams. Populations from the Noosa River were more similar to those from the Glasshouse Mountains than to those from the geographically closer Tin Can Bay streams. This pattern was remarkably similar to that of a fish species occurring in the same streams and may reflect a recent confluence of streams from the Glasshouse Mountains and the Noosa River regions.

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Page, Timothy J., Suman Sharma, and Jane M. Hughes. "Deep phylogenetic structure has conservation implications for ornate rainbowfish (Melanotaeniidae:Rhadinocentrus ornatus) in Queensland, eastern Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 55, no. 2 (2004): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf03139.

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The freshwater fish, Rhadinocentrus ornatus Regan, 1914, has a patchy distribution through coastal drainages of Queensland and New South Wales, eastern Australia. Isolated populations of R. ornatus are found on several islands, as well as in a disjunct northern population 350 km from its nearest conspecific population. Deoxyribonucleic acid was extracted and sequenced for the mitochondrial ATPase gene to describe the geographic and genetic subdivision within the species. Four major clades were identified. These clades diverged between two and seven million years ago and so represent long-term divisions and possible units of conservation. There are conservation implications in that the narrow and localised distribution of R. ornatus overlaps with an area of large-scale land clearing, high human population and threats from introduced exotic fish. A particularly high centre of Rhadinocentrus diversity in the Tin Can Bay area of Queensland presents some interesting questions about the evolution of the genus Rhadinocentrus.

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Mills, Courtenay E., Wade L. Hadwen, and Jane M. Hughes. "Looking through glassfish: marine genetic structure in an estuarine species." Marine and Freshwater Research 59, no. 7 (2008): 627. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf07215.

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Through the use of mitochondrial DNA (ATP8 gene), the prediction of intermediate genetic structuring was investigated in two species of estuarine glassfish (Ambassis marianus and Ambassis jacksoniensis) (Perciformes : Ambassidae) to determine the possibility of a generalised ‘estuarine’ genetic structure. Individuals were collected from estuaries in eastern Australia between Tin Can Bay (Queensland) in the north and Kempsey (New South Wales) in the south. Analysis of the haplotype frequencies found in this region suggested panmictic populations with star-like phylogenies with extremely high levels of genetic diversity, but with no correlation between geographic distance and genetic distance. Non-significant FST and ΦST suggested extensive dispersal among estuaries. However, Tajima’s D and Fu’s FS values suggest ‘mutation–genetic drift equilibrium’ has not been reached, and that population expansions occurring 262 000 (A. marianus) and 300 000 (A. jacksoniensis) years ago may obscure any phylogeographic structuring or isolation by distance. The finding of panmixia was contrary to the prediction of genetic structuring intermediate between that of marine fish (shallowly structured) and freshwater fish (highly structured), suggesting high dispersal capabilities in these species.

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Rimmer, MA. "Reproductive cycle of the fork-tailed catfish Arius graeffei Kner & Steindachner (Pisces : Ariidae) from the Clarence River, New South Wales." Marine and Freshwater Research 36, no. 1 (1985): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9850023.

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A. graeffei breeds annually from early November to early December when water temperatures reach 26°C and daylength averages 13.7 h. The bulk of ovarian development is restricted to the 2 months before spawning; the rate of oocyte development varies substantially between individuals. Diameters of mature oocytes range from 11.0 to 13.7 mm (mean 12.2 mm). Fecundity ranges from 40 to 122 and is linearly related to fish length and weight. The sex ratio of the population studied was 0.82 with a preponderance of males. The pelvic fins of adult female A. graeffei are longer and more rounded than those of adult males, and have a hook-like thickening (clasper) on the dorsal surface which develops seasonally in association with the reproductive cycle. Although marine populations of A. Graeffei appear to undertake extensive anadromous migrations associated with breeding, no such movements were observed in the fluviatile population studied.

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Morgan, Jess A. T., Wayne D. Sumpton, Andrew T. Jones, Alexander B. Campbell, John Stewart, Paul Hamer, and Jennifer R. Ovenden. "Assessment of genetic structure among Australian east coast populations of snapper Chrysophrys auratus (Sparidae)." Marine and Freshwater Research 70, no. 7 (2019): 964. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf18146.

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Snapper Chrysophrys auratus is a high-value food fish in Australia targeted by both commercial and recreational fisheries. Along the east coast of Australia, fisheries are managed under four state jurisdictions (Queensland, Qld; New South Wales, NSW; Victoria, Vic.; and Tasmania, Tas.), each applying different regulations, although it is thought that the fisheries target the same biological stock. An allozyme-based study in the mid-1990s identified a weak genetic disjunction north of Sydney (NSW) questioning the single-stock hypothesis. This study, focused on east-coast C. auratus, used nine microsatellite markers to assess the validity of the allozyme break and investigated whether genetic structure exists further south. Nine locations were sampled spanning four states and over 2000km, including sites north and south of the proposed allozyme disjunction. Analyses confirmed the presence of two distinct biological stocks along the east coast, with a region of genetic overlap around Eden in southern NSW, ~400km south of the allozyme disjunction. The findings indicate that C. auratus off Vic. and Tas. are distinct from those in Qld and NSW. For the purpose of stock assessment and management, the results indicate that Qld and NSW fisheries are targeting a single biological stock.A

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Humphries, P. "Life history, food and habitat of southern pygmy perch, Nannoperca australis, in the Macquarie River, Tasmania." Marine and Freshwater Research 46, no. 8 (1995): 1159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9951159.

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The reproductive biology, age, growth, food and habitat of Nannoperca australis are described from samples collected from fringing macrophyte beds of the Macquarie River, Tasmania. Comparisons are made with the same species at Narrandera in New South Wales and other nannopercids, mainly in south-western Australia. Nannoperca australis spawned at the end of its first year, predominantly between October and December, inclusive. The peak mean gonadosomatic index of males occurred in August at 8.0 and that of females two months later at 11.5. The largest oocytes, of running-ripe females collected in October and December, were 1.15 mm in diameter. Fecundities ranged from 78 for a 1-year-old 37-mm fish to 679 for a 2-year-old 63-mm fish. Spawning is presumed to occur in the macrophyte habitat, since adults did not emigrate from these areas at this time. Otoliths and length-frequency histograms indicated that populations were dominated by 0+ fish. Amphipods and ostracods predominated in the guts of N. australis and prey items were mostly either benthic invertebrates or plant epifauna. Plankton was consumed by small fish in greater quantities than by larger fish, whereas the opposite was true for benthic and epifaunal prey. Fish were virtually always associated with aquatic macrophytes and almost always with shallow, still water.

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Stewart, John, Douglas J. Ferrell, and Bryan van der Walt. "Sizes and ages in commercial landings with estimates of growth, mortality and yield per recruit of yellowtail kingfish (Seriola lalandi) from New South Wales, Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 55, no. 5 (2004): 489. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf03127.

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The size and age compositions of yellowtail kingfish (Seriola lalandi) were studied in commercial landings in New South Wales, Australia between 1998 and 2000. The fishery was dominated by fish smaller than 65 cm fork length and these fish were estimated to be 2 and 3 year olds. Estimates of growth rates were made using size-at-age data from sectioned otoliths. The oldest yellowtail kingfish found was 21 years and measured 136 cm fork length. There were no differences in the growth rates between regions or between sexes. Yellowtail kingfish grow rapidly and reach their minimum legal length of 60 cm total length at around 2 years of age. These estimates showed that previous studies, which estimated ages using whole otoliths, may have underestimated the ages of older yellowtail kingfish. Total instantaneous mortality rates generated from catch curves ranged between 0.43 and 0.79. Yield per recruit models suggest that the population is currently growth overfished. The information provided is used to discuss the suitability of the current minimum legal length for yellowtail kingfish in New South Wales.

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Hughes, Julian M., John Stewart, Bronwyn M. Gillanders, Damian Collins, and Iain M. Suthers. "Relationship between otolith chemistry and age in a widespread pelagic teleost Arripis trutta: influence of adult movements on stock structure and implications for management." Marine and Freshwater Research 67, no. 2 (2016): 224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf14247.

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This study investigated how the stock structure of Arripis trutta is influenced by the movement of adult fish. Five-year-old fish were sampled from four regions in south-east Australia encompassing ~1500km of coastline. Transverse otolith sections were analysed using laser-ablation inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, providing age-related elemental profiles. Multivariate analyses showed that for most age groups, the elemental fingerprint of northern New South Wales (NSW) fish was significantly different from those of the other locations. Northern NSW fish also had a different fingerprint from those of all other locations for the first part of the fish’s life. These results indicate that most A. trutta originate in southern NSW, Victoria and Tasmania and move progressively northward with increasing age. Some recruitment occurs in northern NSW but these fish may not mix with immigrants from further south until they are more than 5 years old. When assessed with the strong latitudinal age gradient of the population, these data are consistent with a single, panmictic stock. The data also highlight the utility of otolith transect analysis in understanding the influence of age-related movements on stock structure and appropriate spatial management of exploited fish species.

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Law, B., and CA Urquhart. "Diet of the Large-footed Myotis Myotis Mcropus at A Forest Stream Roost in Northern New South Wales." Australian Mammalogy 22, no. 2 (2000): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am00121.

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RECENT evidence indicates that the large-footed myotis Myotis macropus (previously Myotis adversus) is the sole representative of its genus in Australia (Cooper et al. in press). These are small bats that forage over pools of water in small streams, rivers and lakes, using large feet to trawl for prey along water surfaces (Dwyer 1970; Thompson and Fenton 1982). Little is known about their diet. Fish have been confirmed in the diet of M. macropus at a population that forages over a large lake, near Brisbane (Robson 1984). Unidentified insect material formed the bulk of the species? diet in Robson?s study. A small number of scats were also examined from M. macropus caught on the Murray River in South Australia (Jansen 1987). These contained fish remains and insects, particularly Chironominae (midges) and Culicidae (mosquitoes). We studied the diet of M. macropus at a forest stream to determine the importance of aquatic prey and thus to help guide management strategies for the species.

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Bansemer, C. S., and M. B. Bennett. "Retained fishing gear and associated injuries in the east Australian grey nurse sharks (Carcharias taurus): implications for population recovery." Marine and Freshwater Research 61, no. 1 (2010): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf08362.

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Incidental hooking of Carcharias taurus is a threat to their populations’ recovery on the east coast of Australia. Photo-identification techniques were used to investigate the frequency of hooking at 25 aggregation sites along the east coast of Australia between 2006 and 2008. Of the 673 sharks identified, 113 sharks were identified with signs of 119 incidences of hooking. For sharks with both their left and right flank photographed during a single survey day, up to 29% of females and 52% of males were identified with retained fishing gear or an attributed jaw injury. The largest number of sharks identified (222) were from a year-round aggregation of immature and mature sharks at Fish Rock, New South Wales, Australia. Forty-eight per cent of all sharks identified with retained fishing gear were first identified at this site. Fish Rock, a designated critical habitat for C. taurus, allows most forms of line fishing except fishing with bait or wire trace while anchored or moored. As interactions with fishing gear can result in debilitating disease, morbidity and death, the high incidence of hooked individual C. taurus is considered a key threatening process that is likely to reduce this shark population’s ability to recover.

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Worthington, DG, DJ Ferrell, SE NcNeill, and JD Bell. "Growth of four species of juvenile fish associated with the Seagrass Zostera capricorni, in Botany Bay, NSW." Marine and Freshwater Research 43, no. 5 (1992): 1189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9921189.

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Populations of four species of juvenile fish- Rhabdosargus sarba, Acanthopagrus australis, Achoerodus viridis and Girella tricuspidata-were sampled from a seagrass bed in Botany Bay, New South Wales. Fish were collected eight times between 22 March 1990 and 22 February 1991, using a small seine-net. Growth rates were calculated from the progression of cohorts in length-frequency distributions. Cohorts of R. sarba, A. australis and A. viridis grew most slowly during winter (0.02, 0.04 and 0.21 mm day-1, respectively); growth then increased, peaking just prior to the loss of the cohort from the habitat (0.3 1, 0.24 and 0.39 mm day-1). Populations of R. sarba, A. australis and A. viridis were comprised of one or two cohorts that remained in the habitat for at least 3-4 months. Conversely, up to seven cohorts of G. tricuspidata were found between October and February, and most cohorts did not remain in the habitat for more than 2 months. As a result, there were only two confident estimates of growth for G. tricuspidata: 0.23 mm day-1 between October and November, and 0.34 mm day-1 between January and February. Individuals of each species were also kept in a flow-through 4000-L tank of sea water. Growth of cohorts of fish kept in the tank was very similar to that found in natural populations during the same time period. The rates of recruitment and loss of cohorts from seagrass can be rapid and these factors must be considered in designing a sampling programme to assess growth by analysis of length-frequency distributions.

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Faragher, RA. "Growth and age validation of Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum)' in Lake Eucumbene, NSW." Marine and Freshwater Research 43, no. 5 (1992): 1033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9921033.

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Growth rates of finclipped rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) released into Lake Eucumbene, New South Wales, at an age of 0+ years were examined for each year between 1986 and 1988. Traps and nets yielded significant numbers of marked fish for validation of age estimation and length backcalculation from scale reading. Poor recognition of the marks by anglers was confirmed, indicating that survival of the fish was higher than was implied by angling returns. The diffuse nature of the second annulus in scales provided initial difficulty in ageing, particularly because of a similarly diffuse false check formed during the second year. Care was required in separating the annuli after asymptotic growth was reached (3 years), Growth rates in Lake Eucumbene were comparable with those found in studies in Tasmania and Victoria. Back-calculated lengths were in agreement with those from fish of known ages. The presence of finclipped fish aged 2 + and 3 + years in a spawning population confirmed that stocked fish contributed to the spawning stocks. The study reconfirms the importance of validation of ageing techniques in fisheries investigations.

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Growns, Ivor, Ian Wooden, and Craig Schiller. "Use of instream wood habitat by Trout Cod Maccullochella macquariensis (Cuvier) in the Murrumbidgee River." Pacific Conservation Biology 10, no. 4 (2004): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc040261.

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Microhabitat use of instream wood habitat by Trout Cod Maccullochella macquariensis (Cuvier), a critically endangered species with a restricted distribution, was examined in the Murrumbidgee River in New South Wales, Australia. Habitat variables were scored or measured at 100 m intervals along the river or wherever Trout Cod were captured using electrofishing. The occurrence of Trout Cod was significantly dependent on the presence of instream woody habitat and 95% of samples where trout cod were caught were associated with the presence of woody habitat. Trout Cod were more likely to be found on simply-structured woody habitats, away from the river-bank and their abundance showed no relationship with water velocity. The low abundance of other fish species at the sampling sites suggests that the relationships demonstrated are not due to inter-species interactions. The results will assist with specific management actions to restore and protect populations of this endangered species.

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Rotherham, Douglas, William G. Macbeth, Steven J. Kennelly, and Charles A. Gray. "Reducing uncertainty in the assessment and management of fish resources following an environmental impact." ICES Journal of Marine Science 68, no. 8 (June 8, 2011): 1726–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsr079.

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Abstract Rotherham, D., Macbeth, W. G., Kennelly, S. J., and Gray, C. A. 2011. Reducing uncertainty in the assessment and management of fish resources following an environmental impact. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 1726–1733. The limitations of using information from commercial fisheries for assessing and managing resources and ecosystems are well known. Although fishery-independent data may overcome many such limitations, few studies have examined how incorporating data from different sources affects assessments and subsequent management decisions. Here, the value of integrating data from two types of sampling survey to assess the recovery of faunal populations following a severe fish-kill event in the Richmond River (New South Wales, Australia) in 2008 is evaluated. There is occasional large-scale mortality of fish and invertebrates in certain estuaries of eastern Australia following major flood events. In extreme cases, the management response involves closing an entire estuary to all fishing, to facilitate the recolonization and recovery of fish and other fauna. Decisions to resume normal fishing activities have environmental, economic, and social implications. Using lessons learned from a similar fish-kill event in 2001, it is shown how, in 2008, fishery-independent sampling, combined with improved sampling by commercial fishers, reduced uncertainty in decision-making and led to greatly improved socio-economic outcomes for stakeholders. The work highlights the need to examine the value of different sources of information to improve management decisions.

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Gillanders, BM. "Feeding ecology of the temperate marine fish Achoerodus viridis (Labridae): Size, seasonal and site-specific differences." Marine and Freshwater Research 46, no. 7 (1995): 1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9951009.

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Fish were collected from localities in the Sydney region, New South Wales, Australia, from March 1991 to September 1993. Achoerodus viridis is a benthic carnivore and consumes a wide variety of prey items. Size-specific differences in diet were found. The diet of recruits (17-26 mm SL) collected in seagrass environments was dominated by tanaids, whereas that of rocky reef recruits was dominated by harpacticoid copepods. The diet of rocky reef fish then shifted to gammarid amphipods and other crustaceans (fish 50-150 mm SL) and to mussels and urchins (fish >300 mm SL). Juvenile fish on rocky reefs (450 mm SL) foraged in shallow fringing habitat, whereas adult fish (>200 mm SL) foraged in deeper turf and barrens habitats, reflecting the depth distribution of the species. Feeding rate of larger fish tended to be less than that of smaller fish. Variations in diet and feeding rate were also detected over the year but the patterns were not consistent between years. Among sites, there were differences in diet but these were not related to the position of sites inside an estuary or on the open coast. The results of this study provide information on the feeding ecology of a large labrid fish; this information will aid in understanding the population dynamics of the species.

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Dove, A. D. M., and A. S. Fletcher. "The distribution of the introduced tapeworm Bothriocephalus acheilognathi in Australian freshwater fishes." Journal of Helminthology 74, no. 2 (June 2000): 121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x00000160.

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AbstractNative and exotic fishes were collected from 29 sites across coastal and inland New South Wales, Queensland and Victoria, using a range of techniques, to infer the distribution of Bothriocephalus acheilognathi (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea) and the host species in which it occurs. The distribution of B. acheilognathi was determined by that of its principal host, carp, Cyprinuscarpio; it did not occur at sites where carp were not present. The parasite was recorded from all native fish species where the sample size exceeded 30 and which were collected sympatrically with carp: Hypseleotris klunzingeri, Hypseleotris sp. 4, Hypseleotris sp. 5, Phylipnodon grandiceps and Retropinna semoni. Bothriocephalus acheilognathi was also recorded from the exotic fishes Gambusia holbrooki and Carassiusauratus. Hypseleotris sp. 4, Hypseleotris sp. 5, P. grandiceps, R. semoni and C. auratus are new host records. The parasite was not recorded from any sites in coastal drainages. The only carp population examined from a coastal drainage (Albert River, south-east Queensland) was also free of infection; those fish had a parasite fauna distinct from that of carp in inland drainages and may represent a separate introduction event. Bothriocephalus acheilognathi has apparently spread along with its carp hosts and is so far restricted to the Murray-Darling Basin. The low host specificity of this parasite is cause for concern given the threatened or endangered nature of some Australian native freshwater fish species. A revised list of definitive hosts of B. acheilognathiis presented.

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Anderson, J., B. Law, and C. Tidemann. "Stream use by the large-footed myotis Myotis macropus in relation to environmental variables in northern New South Wales." Australian Mammalogy 28, no. 1 (2006): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am06003.

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The large-footed myotis (Myotis macropus) feeds by trawling aquatic invertebrates and small fish from water surfaces, but little is known about what types of streams are used. We investigated habitat use by M. macropus in northern New South Wales (NSW) by analysing data-base records, conducting field surveys and assessing environmental variables on or near waterways. A GIS comparison of 222 data-base records of M. macropus with broad environmental patterns indicated that most records were near large and permanent waterways at low elevations, in flat or undulating terrain, usually surrounded by vegetation. Three different field surveys were carried-out. First, 25 waterways on the NSW mid-north coast were stratified into five size classes and sampled (December 1996-January 1997) using harp traps and ultrasonic detectors. Just two captures and 20 passes were recorded. No M. macropus were detected on either the smallest or largest waterways, although the latter may have been under-sampled due to their broad expanse. Records of M. macropus were significantly associated with larger, more permanent waterways (when the largest size class was omitted). Non-metric multi-dimensional scaling of sites, described by their environmental attributes, failed to separate sites on the basis of presence/absence of M. macropus. The second survey (February 1998) targeted 25 sites on waterways within 10 km of a known roost in Kerewong State Forest. Twenty-eight passes were recorded, all confined to just three sites on Upsalls Creek, a large 4th order stream. The third survey (February 2000) investigated the use of adjacent riparian vegetation in the vicinity of the Kerewong roost. At each of 12 sites, one detector was placed on the stream, one 10 m from it and a third 20 m into adjacent vegetation. An average of 11 M. macropus passes per night was recorded over streams (total passes = 273), whereas no passes were recorded in adjacent vegetation. We conclude that M. macropus is sparsely dispersed across streams in forests of north-east NSW and that they are most likely to be recorded on large streams in the lower end of catchments. Management implications for timber production forests include redirecting effort from pre-logging surveys to monitoring the changing status of M. macropus over time, especially at day roosts where local populations are concentrated.

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Creighton, Colin, Paul I. Boon, Justin D. Brookes, and Marcus Sheaves. "Repairing Australia's estuaries for improved fisheries production – what benefits, at what cost?" Marine and Freshwater Research 66, no. 6 (2015): 493. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf14041.

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An Australia-wide assessment of ~1000 estuaries and embayments undertaken by the National Land and Water Resources Audit of 1997–2002 indicated that ~30% were modified to some degree. The most highly degraded were in New South Wales, where ~40% were classified as ‘extensively modified’ and <10% were ‘near pristine’. Since that review, urban populations have continued to grow rapidly, and increasing pressures for industrial and agricultural development in the coastal zone have resulted in ongoing degradation of Australia's estuaries and embayments. This degradation has had serious effects on biodiversity, and commercial and recreational fishing. A business case is developed that shows that an Australia-wide investment of AU$350 million into repair will be returned in less than 5 years. This return is merely from improved productivity of commercial fisheries of a limited number of fish, shellfish and crustacean species. Estuary repair represents an outstanding return on investment, possibly far greater than most of Australia's previous environmental repair initiatives and with clearly demonstrated outcomes across the Australian food and services economies.

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Taylor, Matthew D., Alistair Becker, Jane Quinn, Michael B. Lowry, Stewart Fielder, and Wayne Knibb. "Stock structure of dusky flathead (Platycephalus fuscus) to inform stocking management." Marine and Freshwater Research 71, no. 10 (2020): 1378. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf19364.

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Delineating stocks and quantifying population structure are critical for the management of exploited populations, but the stock structure of many species remains unclear. In New South Wales (NSW), Australia, a marine stock enhancement program for dusky flathead (Platycephalus fuscus) is developing, and knowledge of stock structure is required to inform enhancement strategies, as well as to support broader fisheries management. A combination of mitochondrial and microsatellite markers was used in this study to evaluate structuring among fish from eight estuaries, spanning the majority of the NSW coast. Pairwise comparisons of mitochondrial haplotypes revealed that seven of the eight estuaries were genetically homogeneous (St Georges Basin was distinct). Moreover, analysis of molecular variance showed that 97% of sequence diversity occurred within estuaries. The results from microsatellite markers were almost identical to those for mitochondrial DNA, with St George’s Basin having the only distinct genotype, and within estuary variation accounting for 99% of the genotype variation. Isolation by distance analysis showed that <5% of genetic variation was due to distance. These results indicate that dusky flathead forms a single stock across NSW, where mixing most likely occurs during early life phases and through limited adult migration. The outlying estuary, St Georges Basin, likely suffers from limited connectivity due to a constricted entrance, and it is possible that stocking may improve local genetic diversity.

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Butler, Gavin L., and Stuart J. Rowland. "Using traditional age and growth techniques in endangered species management: eastern freshwater cod, Maccullochella ikei." Marine and Freshwater Research 59, no. 8 (2008): 684. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf07188.

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Age and growth estimates can be difficult to obtain for endangered fishes owing to their relative low abundance and the ethics associated with sampling threatened populations. The eastern freshwater cod, Maccullochella ikei Rowland 1985, is an endangered freshwater fish endemic to the Clarence and Richmond Rivers of New South Wales, Australia. Bony parts were gathered from archival collections and hatcheries, as well as opportunistically from the wild, to determine age and growth. Examination of opercular bones and dorsal spine sections revealed no consistent annuli. Sectioned otoliths exhibited consistent bipartite rings throughout the structures and 106 otoliths were used to estimate the age of cod from 0+ to 15+ years. Edge increment analysis and known-age cod were used to validate the age estimates. The von Bertalanffy growth equation for M. ikei is Lt = 704.9 (1–exp (–0.20 (t + 0.14))). A length–weight relationship of W = 2.80 × 10–6 × L3.2467 was established from 372 cod collected using non-destructive techniques. Significant differences were found in the relative condition of cod in summer (Kn = 0.999) and winter (Kn = 1.026). The information presented in this paper will assist in the conservation of M. ikei and will provide a guide for future age and growth studies of threatened species.

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Barker, Sean M., and Jane E. Williamson. "Collaborative photo-identification and monitoring of grey nurse sharks (Carcharias taurus) at key aggregation sites along the eastern coast of Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 61, no. 9 (2010): 971. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf09215.

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Before the worldwide decline of the ‘globally vulnerable’ Carcharias taurus may be addressed, an understanding of its migratory patterns and locations, and/or times when sharks may be vulnerable, is required to identify habitats that are critical to its survival. A collaborative framework for photo-identification and monitoring of C. taurus may greatly assist with conservation management initiatives. Images of C. taurus were sourced from public submissions to the www.spotashark.com (verified 12 February 2009) website and during targeted surveys. A computer-assisted program (I3S) was used to match the images of sharks photographically from the database. Research revealed patterns of movement, site utilisation and population structure similar to those in previous tagging studies. With the use of an underwater camera and two laser-scaling devices, 408 individual sharks were identified. Average occupancy times at two locations in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, were 308 days (Fish Rock) and 363 days (Magic Point). Seventeen individuals undertook northward or southward movements, averaging 350 km. The present study showed that a broad-based technique for data acquisition, coupled with rigorous evaluation of photographic identifications can provide support for local research and management programs and may aid with the conservation of the C. taurus species worldwide.

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Griffiths, Shane P. "Homing behaviour of intertidal rockpool fishes in south-eastern New South Wales, Australia." Australian Journal of Zoology 51, no. 4 (2003): 387. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo02049.

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The homing ability of 20 temperate Australian intertidal rockpool fishes was investigated between September 1999 and August 2001 by relocating tagged fish to other rockpools at distances of <5 m and 10–20 m. Eleven species showed homing ability, which may be due to topographical cues learned during high-tide feeding excursions within the intertidal zone. Displacement distance and time at liberty did not influence the proportion of fish homing, indicating that homing tendency is strong for most species examined. After ~120 days there is a dramatic decrease in the number of fish homing, but fish are capable of homing up to 214 days. The proportion of fish homing was independent of size, except for Lepidoblennius haplodactylus, which showed a reduced tendency to home with increasing size. The fate or whereabouts of fish that never returned to rockpools could not be determined. Possible explanations include relocation to rockpools near release points or increased susceptibility to predation due to tagging.

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Dennison, S., G. J. Frankham, L. E. Neaves, C. Flanagan, S. FitzGibbon, M. D. B. Eldridge, and R. N. Johnson. "Population genetics of the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) in north-eastern New South Wales and south-eastern Queensland." Australian Journal of Zoology 64, no. 6 (2016): 402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo16081.

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Habitat loss and fragmentation are key threats to local koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) populations. Broad-scale management is suboptimal for koalas because distribution models are not easily generalised across regions. Therefore, it is imperative that data relevant to local management bodies are available. Genetic data provides important information on gene flow and potential habitat barriers, including anthropogenic disturbances. Little genetic data are available for nationally significant koala populations in north-eastern New South Wales, despite reported declines due to urbanisation and habitat loss. In this study, we develop 14 novel microsatellite loci to investigate koala populations in north-eastern New South Wales (Port Macquarie, Coffs Harbour, Tyagarah, Ballina) and south-eastern Queensland (Coomera). All locations were significantly differentiated (FST = 0.096–0.213; FʹST = 0.282–0.582), and this pattern was not consistent with isolation by distance (R2 = 0.228, P = 0.058). Population assignment clustered the more northern populations (Ballina, Tyagarah and Coomera), suggesting contemporary gene flow among these sites. For all locations, low molecular variation among (16%) rather than within (84%) sites suggests historical connectivity. These results suggest that koala populations in north-eastern New South Wales and south-eastern Queensland are experiencing contemporary impediments to gene flow, and highlight the importance of maintaining habitat connectivity across this region.

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Turner, S. "Australia's first discovered fossil fish is still missing!" Geological Curator 9, no. 5 (May 2011): 285–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.55468/gc83.

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Seeking Australian specimens collected in the 19th century always needs detective work. Fossils collected by one colourful collector, the Polish 'Count' Paul Strzelecki, from early travels in the colony of New South Wales are being sought. A 30-year search has still not brought to light in Australia or Britain the first fossil fish found from the Lower Carboniferous of New South Wales.

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Jasonsmith, J. F., W. Maher, A. C. Roach, and F. Krikowa. "Selenium bioaccumulation and biomagnification in Lake Wallace, New South Wales, Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 59, no. 12 (2008): 1048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf08197.

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Selenium concentrations were measured in water, sediments and organisms inhabiting a freshwater coal power station cooling reservoir. Se concentrations found were: water, 1.9 ± 2 μg L–1; sediment, 7 ± 1 μg g–1; phytoplankton, 3.4 μg g–1; zooplankton, 5.3 μg g–1; epiphytic algae, 1.3 ± 0.2 μg g–1; benthic algae, 8 ± 2 μg g–1; macrophyte leaves, 2.7–2.8 μg g–1; macrophyte roots, 0.5–6.5 μg g–1; detritus, 10 μg g–1; Oligochaeta, 11 μg g–1; Corbiculidae, 1.1 μg g–1; Insects, 3.7–8.3 μg g–1; Gastropoda, 3.2 μg g–1; Crustacea, 3.1–6 μg g–1; whole fish, 2.2–13 μg g–1; and fish liver, 134–314 μg g–1. Bioconcentration factors were similar to those found in aquatic ecosystems with comparable Se concentrations in the water column. A food web was constructed with four main food chains (phytoplankton, epiphytic algae, benthic algae and sediment/detrital), with fish fed from multiple pathways. Biomagnification only occurs along food chains for flathead gudgeons and rainbow trout. Se concentrations in food sources were above the 3 μg g–1 dietary Se level considered to induce teratogenesis in fish spawning. Flathead gudgeons were found to be suffering teratogenesis and rainbow trout showed no evidence of teratogenesis.

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Jacobsen, Lif Lund. "State entrepreneurship in New South Wales’ trawl fishery, 1914-1923." International Journal of Maritime History 32, no. 3 (August 2020): 636–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0843871420949092.

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In 1914, the New South Wales (NSW) Government decided to alter its fisheries policy, with the development of an offshore trawling industry supplanting support for inshore fishing as its key development objective. Accordingly, between 1915 and 1923 the NSW Government operated a commercial trawling industry designed to fish previously unexploited fish stocks on the state’s continental shelf. The State Trawling Industry (STI) was designed to meet a mix of social and economic policy goals, with the NSW Government controlling all parts of the production line from catching to selling produce. This article examines the business structure of the enterprise to reveal the reasons for its economic failure. It argues that government entrepreneurship created a new consumer market and unintentionally paved the way for the rise of a modern private trawling industry.

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Dempster, Tim, and Michael J. Kingsford. "Drifting objects as habitat for pelagic juvenile fish off New South Wales, Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 55, no. 7 (2004): 675. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf04071.

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The importance of drifting objects to small juvenile pelagic fish was investigated off the coast of New South Wales, Australia. Distance-related and temporal patterns in the distribution of clumps of drifting algae were investigated with 5000 m2 transects at five distances from shore (0.1, 0.5, 1, 5 and 10 km), two to three times per season for 2 years. Juvenile fish associated with drift algae were collected. Clumps of algae, predominantly Sargassum spp., were most abundant in spring, which coincided with the highest abundance of alga-associated post-flexion juvenile fish. Drift algae were also most abundant close to shore, probably due to the proximity to source and the dominant onshore winds. Fish were quickly attracted to drifting artificial objects (fish aggregation device; FADs), although the magnitude of attraction varied greatly among days. The relative abundance of small fish in open waters available to colonise FADs and differing weather conditions may explain much of this variability. More fish colonised FADs with an odour source than unscented control FADs, indicating small fish may use chemical cues to locate drifting structures. We conclude that juvenile fish actively seek drifting objects as pre-settlement habitat, which may reduce predation and enhance settlement opportunities.

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Chessman, Bruce C. "Distribution, abundance and population structure of the threatened western saw-shelled turtle, Myuchelys bellii, in New South Wales, Australia." Australian Journal of Zoology 63, no. 4 (2015): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo15034.

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The western saw-shelled turtle is listed as threatened globally, nationally, and within the Australian state of New South Wales. Although nearly all of the geographic range of the species lies within New South Wales, little information has been available on the distribution, abundance and structure of New South Wales populations. Through a survey of 60 sites in 2012–15, I established that M. bellii is much more widely distributed in New South Wales than has previously been recognised, comprising four disjunct populations, including two in the New South Wales portion of the Border Rivers basin. It occurs mainly in larger, cooler rivers upstream of barriers to dispersal of the Macquarie turtle, Emydura macquarii macquarii. Although M. bellii is locally abundant, its populations are greatly dominated by large adults and recruitment appears to be low. Eye abnormalities are common in some populations but do not necessarily impair body condition or preclude long-term survival. The species is threatened by competition with E. macquarii, which appears to be expanding its range through translocation by humans, and possibly by predation, disease and drought. Long-term monitoring of M. bellii is needed to assess population trends and responses to threats, and active management to restrict the further spread of E. macquarii is probably required to ensure the persistence of M. bellii throughout its current range.

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Dickman, C. R., H. E. Parnaby, M. S. Crowther, and D. H. King. "Antechinus agilis (Marsupialia : Dasyuridae), a new species from the A. stuartii complex in south-eastern Australia." Australian Journal of Zoology 46, no. 1 (1998): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo97036.

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A new species from the Antechinus stuartii stuartii complex, A. agilis, sp. nov., is described from Victoria and south-eastern New South Wales. It differs from A. stuartii primarily in its smaller average size, lighter and greyer fur colour, relatively smaller anterior and posterior palatal vacuities, and more rounded premolars. The species can be distinguished in the field on external morphology. A. agilis resembles A. stuartii adustus from northern Queensland more closely in skull and dental morphology than it does A. stuartii from central coastal New South Wales, with which it is parapatric and occasionally sympatric in the southern coastal part of the State. Considerable morphological variation is apparent amongst populations regarded previously as A. stuartii from southern Queensland and northern New South Wales, suggesting that more than one taxon is included currently under A. stuartii. Further clarification of the relationships of A. agilis requires evaluation of variation in such populations of A. stuartii and also with A. flavipes from northern New South Wales and southern and central Queensland.

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Young, G. C., R. L. Dunstone, P. J. Ollerenshaw, J. Lu, and B. Crook. "New information on the giant Devonian lobe-finned fish Edenopteron from the New South Wales south coast." Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 67, no. 2 (September 24, 2019): 221–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08120099.2019.1651769.

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Faragher, R. A., and J. H. Harris. "The Historical and Current Status of Freshwater Fish in New South Wales." Australian Zoologist 29, no. 3-4 (December 1994): 166–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.7882/az.1994.005.

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39

Brown, Paul L., Vincent J. Carolan, Deborah J. Hafey, Machiko Iko, Scott J. Markich, and R. John Morrison. "Metals in fish and shellfish from Lake Illawarra, New South Wales, Australia." Wetlands Australia 21, no. 2 (February 28, 2006): 228. http://dx.doi.org/10.31646/wa.274.

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Roach, A. C., W. Maher, and F. Krikowa. "Assessment of Metals in Fish from Lake Macquarie, New South Wales, Australia." Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 54, no. 2 (August 31, 2007): 292–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00244-007-9027-z.

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41

Hossen, Md Shafaet, and Shokoofeh Shamsi. "Zoonotic nematode parasites infecting selected edible fish in New South Wales, Australia." International Journal of Food Microbiology 308 (November 2019): 108306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2019.108306.

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Mills, Jacqueline. "Market Forces and Kangaroos: The New South Wales Kangaroo Management Plan." Society & Animals 14, no. 3 (2006): 295–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853006778149208.

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AbstractIn contemporary times, wildlife managers attempt to provide solutions to problems arising from conflicting uses of the environment by humans and nonhuman animals. Within the Kangaroo Management Zones of New South Wales (NSW), the commercial culling "solution" is one such attempt to perpetuate kangaroo populations on pastoral land while supporting farmers in continuing inefficient sheep farming. Because wildlife management rests on a distinction between the "nature" of humans and animals, then humanist attention to standards of individual welfare need not interrupt the process whereby individual animals are killed within an economic framework designed to improve habitat management for the conservation of their populations. Building on Thorne's (1998) discussion of the meanings scripted onto individual kangaroo bodies, this paper explores the utilitarian underpinnings of the commercialization approach and considers the ethical implications of constructing the population as resource, even if this results in an improvement in the welfare of individual kangaroos.

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Lunney, Daniel, Mathew S. Crowther, Ian Shannon, and Jessica V. Bryant. "Combining a map-based public survey with an estimation of site occupancy to determine the recent and changing distribution of the koala in New South Wales." Wildlife Research 36, no. 3 (2009): 262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr08079.

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The present study demonstrates one solution to a problem faced by managers of species of conservation concern – how to develop broad-scale maps of populations, within known general distribution limits, for the purpose of targeted management action. We aimed to map the current populations of the koala, Phascolarctos cinereus, in New South Wales, Australia. This cryptic animal is widespread, although patchily distributed. It principally occurs on private property, and it can be hard to detect. We combined a map-based mail survey of rural and outer-urban New South Wales with recent developments in estimating site occupancy and species-detection parameters to determine the current (2006) distribution of the koala throughout New South Wales. We were able to define the distribution of koalas in New South Wales at a level commensurate with previous community and field surveys. Comparison with a 1986 survey provided an indication of changes in relative koala density across the state. The 2006 distribution map allows for local and state plans, including the 2008 New South Wales Koala Recovery Plan, to be more effectively implemented. The application of this combined technique can now be extended to a suite of other iconic species or species that are easily recognised by the public.

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LANGTRY, SCOTT K., and CHARLES A. JACOBY. "Fish and decapod crustaceans inhabiting drifting algae in Jervis Bay, New South Wales." Austral Ecology 21, no. 3 (September 1996): 264–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-9993.1996.tb00608.x.

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45

Long, John A., Carole J. Burrow, and Alex Ritchie. "A new Late Devonian acanthodian fish from the Hunter Formation near Grenfell, New South Wales." Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology 28, no. 1 (January 2004): 147–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03115510408619279.

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Sharp, Andy, Melinda Norton, Chris Havelberg, Wendy Cliff, and Adam Marks. "Population recovery of the yellow-footed rock-wallaby following fox control in New South Wales and South Australia." Wildlife Research 41, no. 7 (2014): 560. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr14151.

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Context Introduced herbivores and carnivores have significantly altered ecosystems across Australia and have been implicated in the decline and extinction of many species, particularly in the arid and semiarid zones. The experimental confirmation of agents of decline is a fundamental step in threatened species management, allowing for an efficient allocation of resources and effective species recovery. Aims Following unsuccessful attempts to increase the abundance of yellow-footed rock-wallaby populations through concerted goat control across the southern extent of their range, the primary aim of our study was to determine whether fox predation was limiting the recovery of wallaby populations. Methods Intensive fox-control programs (1080 baiting) were initiated around wallaby subpopulations in New South Wales and South Australia. Wallaby numbers were monitored for a three-year period before and after the initiation of fox control, and ANCOVA used to examine for differences between the subpopulation’s rate of increase (r). Observational data were used to determine the demographic effects of fox predation on wallaby colonies in New South Wales. Key results Wallaby subpopulations that were treated with fox control increased significantly, while experimental control subpopulations remained at consistently low levels. Juvenile and subadult wallabies were apparent within the treated New South Wales subpopulation, but almost absent from the control subpopulation, suggesting that fox predation focussed primarily on these age classes. Conclusions Fox predation is a major limiting factor for southern wallaby populations and fox control should be the primary management action to achieve species recovery. Implications Although a significant limiting factor, the regulatory effect of fox predation was not assessed and, as such, it cannot be confirmed as being the causal factor responsible for the historic declines in wallaby abundance. The determination of whether fox predation acts in a limiting or regulatory fashion requires further experimentation, but its resolution will have significant implications for the strategic allocation of conservation resources.

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Davis, Tom R. "First records of three fishes, and southern records of a further four fishes, from New South Wales, Australia." Check List 12, no. 6 (December 5, 2016): 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/12.6.2008.

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A study of fishes from Port Stephens in New South Wales, Australia has identified first records for three species in New South Wales — Genicanthus watanabei (Yasuda & Tominaga, 1970), Parupeneus indicus (Shaw, 1803), and Plectorhinchus chaetodonoides (Lacépède, 1801) — and southernmost records for a further four species: Cantherhines fronticinctus (Günther, 1866), Coris bulbifrons (Randall & Kuiter, 1982), Mulloidichthys vanicolensis (Valenciennes, 1831), and Paracirrhites forsteri (Schneider, 1801). New sightings were up to 980 km south of previous records, indicating prolonged survival of tropical fish larvae in the East Australian Current.

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Dickman, CR, DH King, M. Adams, and PR Baverstock. "Electrophoretic Identification of a New Species of Antechinus (Marsupialia, Dasyuridae) in Southeastern Australia." Australian Journal of Zoology 36, no. 4 (1988): 455. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9880455.

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Two electrophoretically distinct but morphologically cryptic forms of Antechinus 'stuartii', designated 'northern' and 'southern', occur together at Kioloa on the southern coast of New South Wales. These forms are distinguished by fixed allele differences in three proteins (albumin, glycollate oxidase and mannosephosphate isomerase) and by differences in allele frequencies for transferrin, and are separated by a Nei D of 0.11. The two forms are reproductively isolated in sympatry at Kioloa by asynchrony in the timing of reproduction, and may be considered separate biological species. Northern form populations were identified by screening for albumin and transferrin in seven localities on the central coast of New South Wales north of Kioloa. Southern form populations were identified similarly in 13 localities south of Kioloa and inland along the Great Dividing Range, and at a further locality in southern Victoria. Ovulation occurs at different rates of change of photoperiod in the two species, and may ensure that reproductive isolation is maintained in all potential areas of sympatry. The northern form represents A. stuartii sensu stricto and ranges from Kioloa north into south-eastern Queensland. The southern form is an undescribed species of Antechinus that appears to be widely distributed throughout southern New South Wales and Victoria.

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Steele, Dominic. "Fishing in Port Jackson, New South Wales–more than met the eye." Antiquity 69, no. 262 (March 1995): 47–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00064292.

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Contemporary diaries and the water-colours of artists such as the Port Jackson Painter vividly tell of Aboriginal life when the First Fleet in 1788 settled its cargo of convicts in Australia. Fishing was important around the waters of Port Jackson, whose Aboriginal inhabitants are recorded to have used the techniques of spear-fishing and angling. Were other methods also used? Fish remains from a shell midden provide an opportunity to investigate.

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Selvakumaraswamy, P., and M. Byrne. "Reproductive cycle of two populations of Ophionereis schayeri (Ophiuroidea) in New South Wales." Marine Biology 124, no. 1 (November 1995): 85–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00349150.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Fish populations – New South Wales'

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