Relevant bibliographies by topics / Fish Physiology and Genetics

Academic literature on the topic 'Fish Physiology and Genetics'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Fish Physiology and Genetics"

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Lu, Yingchang, Mark V. Boekschoten, Suzan Wopereis, Michael Müller, and Sander Kersten. "Comparative transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis of fenofibrate and fish oil treatments in mice." Physiological Genomics 43, no. 23 (December 2011): 1307–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiolgenomics.00100.2011.

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Elevated circulating triglycerides, which are considered a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, can be targeted by treatment with fenofibrate or fish oil. To gain insight into underlying mechanisms, we carried out a comparative transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis of the effect of 2 wk treatment with fenofibrate and fish oil in mice. Plasma triglycerides were significantly decreased by fenofibrate (−49.1%) and fish oil (−21.8%), whereas plasma cholesterol was increased by fenofibrate (+29.9%) and decreased by fish oil (−32.8%). Levels of various phospholipid species were specifically decreased by fish oil, while levels of Krebs cycle intermediates were increased specifically by fenofibrate. Plasma levels of many amino acids were altered by fenofibrate and to a lesser extent by fish oil. Both fenofibrate and fish oil upregulated genes involved in fatty acid metabolism and downregulated genes involved in blood coagulation and fibrinolysis. Significant overlap in gene regulation by fenofibrate and fish oil was observed, reflecting their property as high or low affinity agonist for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α, respectively. Fenofibrate specifically downregulated genes involved in complement cascade and inflammatory response. Fish oil specifically downregulated genes involved in cholesterol and fatty acid biosynthesis and upregulated genes involved in amino acid and arachidonic acid metabolism. Taken together, the data indicate that despite being similarly potent toward modulating plasma free fatty acids, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels, fish oil causes modest changes in gene expression likely via activation of multiple mechanistic pathways, whereas fenofibrate causes pronounced gene expression changes via a single pathway, reflecting the key difference between nutritional and pharmacological intervention.
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Oliveira, C., F. Foresti, and A. W. S. Hilsdorf. "Genetics of neotropical fish: from chromosomes to populations." Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 35, no. 1 (August 6, 2008): 81–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10695-008-9250-1.

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Grønkjær, Peter. "Otoliths as individual indicators: a reappraisal of the link between fish physiology and otolith characteristics." Marine and Freshwater Research 67, no. 7 (2016): 881. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf15155.

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Otoliths are remarkable recorders that store visual and chemical information that can be interpreted with regard to individual fish phenotype trajectory, life history events and environment. However, the information stored in the otoliths must be interpreted with the knowledge that the otolith is an integral part of fish sensory systems. This means that the environmental signals recorded in the otoliths will be regulated by the homeostatic apparatus of the individual fish – its physiology and ultimately its genetic make-up. Although this may complicate interpretation of environmental signals, it also opens up avenues for new research into the physiology and life history of individual fish. This review focuses on research areas where the coupling between otolith characteristics and fish physiology may yield new insights. Most of the research ideas are by no means new, but rather represent largely forgotten or less-explored research areas. Examples of questions that are fundamental, unanswered and with the potential to yield significant new insights are those related to the coupling of otolith and fish growth through metabolism, and the formation of opaque and translucent growth zones in relation to the physiology of the individual. An integration of visual and chemical data with bioenergetic modelling may yield some of the answers.
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Morrison, Richard N., Glenn A. Cooper, Ben F. Koop, Matthew L. Rise, Andrew R. Bridle, Mark B. Adams, and Barbara F. Nowak. "Transcriptome profiling the gills of amoebic gill disease (AGD)-affected Atlantic salmon (Salmo salarL.): a role for tumor suppressor p53 in AGD pathogenesis?" Physiological Genomics 26, no. 1 (June 2006): 15–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiolgenomics.00320.2005.

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Neoparamoeba spp. are amphizoic amoebae with the capacity to colonize the gills of some marine fish, causing AGD. Here, the gill tissue transcriptome response of Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar L.) to AGD is described. Tanks housing Atlantic salmon were inoculated with Neoparamoeba spp. and fish sampled at time points up to 8 days postinoculation (pi.). Gill tissues were taken from AGD-affected fish, and a DNA microarray was used to compare global gene expression against tissues from AGD-unaffected fish. A total of 206 genes, representing 190 unique transcripts, were reproducibly identified as up- or downregulated in response to Neoparamoeba spp. infection. Informative transcripts having GO biological process identifiers were grouped according to function. Although a number of genes were placed into each category, no distinct patterns were observed. One Atlantic salmon cDNA that was upregulated in infected gill relative to noninfected gill at 114 and 189 h pi. showed significant identity with the Xenopus, mouse, and human anterior gradient-2 (AG-2) homologs. Two Atlantic salmon AG-2 mRNA transcripts, designated asAG-2/1 and asAG-2/2, were cloned, sequenced, and shown to be predominantly expressed in the gill, intestine, and brain of a healthy fish. In AGD-affected fish, differential asAG-2 expression was confirmed in samples used for microarray analyses as well as in AGD-affected gill tissue taken from fish in an independent experiment. The asAG-2 upregulation was restricted to AGD lesions relative to unaffected tissue from the same gill arch, while p53 tumor suppressor protein mRNA was concurrently downregulated in AGD lesions. Differential expression of p53-regulated transcripts, proliferating cell nuclear antigen and growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible gene-45β (GADD45β) in AGD lesions, suggests a role for p53 in AGD pathogenesis. Thus AGD may represent a novel model for comparative analysis of p53 and p53-regulated pathways.
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Rudkowska, Iwona, Bruno Marcotte, Geneviève Pilon, Charles Lavigne, André Marette, and Marie-Claude Vohl. "Fish nutrients decrease expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α in cultured human macrophages." Physiological Genomics 40, no. 3 (February 2010): 189–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiolgenomics.00120.2009.

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Numerous studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of fish consumption on inflammatory markers. Until now, these beneficial effects of fish consumption have been mostly linked to the omega-3 fatty acids (FA). The objective of the present study was to examine, in vitro, whether expression levels of genes involved in the inflammatory response differ in human macrophages incubated with casein hydrolysates (CH) or fish protein hydrolysates (FPH) in the presence or absence of omega-3 FA compared with omega-3 FA alone. Peripheral blood monocytes differentiated into macrophages from 10 men were incubated in the presence of omega-3 FA (10 μM eicosapentaenoic acid and 5 μM docosahexaenoic acid) or CH or FPH (10, 100, 1,000 μg) with or without omega-3 FA for 48 h. Results demonstrate that expression levels of tumor necrosis factorα ( TNFα) had a tendency to be lower after the addition of FPH alone or CH with omega-3 FA compared with omega-3 FA treatment. Furthermore, the combination of FPH and omega-3 FA synergistically decreased expression levels of TNFα compared to treatment with omega-3 FA or FPH alone. No difference on gene expression levels of interleukin-6 was observed between treatments. In conclusion, these preliminary results suggest that the anti-inflammatory effects of fish consumption can be explained by a synergistic effect of the omega-3 FA with the protein components of fish on TNFα expression and therefore contribute to the beneficial effects of fish consumption. Hence, follow-up studies should be performed to confirm the effects of a diet rich in FPH and omega-3 FA on serum proinflammatory cytokine concentrations.
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Zhao, Yan, Yuan Mei, Hong Ju Chen, Li Tao Zhang, Hui Wang, and Xiang Shan Ji. "Profiling expression changes of genes associated with temperature and sex during high temperature-induced masculinization in the Nile tilapia brain." Physiological Genomics 51, no. 5 (May 1, 2019): 159–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiolgenomics.00117.2018.

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Fish sex-determining mechanisms can be classified as genotypic (GSD), temperature (TSD), or genotypic plus temperature effects (GSD+TE). Previous studies have shown that culturing water temperature during thermosensitive periods (TSP) could affect the expression of many genes in the gonad in some fish. However, few studies have focused on gene expression changes in the brain after temperature treatment during TSP in fish species. In this study, three families were developed by crossing XX neomales with XX females and one of them was used for transcriptome analysis. The results showed that a total of 105, 3164 and 4666 DEGs were respectively obtained in FC (female control) vs. FT (high temperature-treated females at TSP), FC vs. MC (male control), and MC vs. FT comparison groups. By profiling analysis, we show that the mRNA expression levels of 16 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) exhibited significant downregulation or upregulation after high temperature treatment and reached a similar level as that in MC. Among the 16 DEGs, LOC100699848 (lysine specific demethylase 6A) and Jarid2 contained JmjC domain, showing the possible important role of JmjC domain in response to temperature treatment in Nile tilapia. Kdm6b (lysine demethylase 6B) and Jarid2 have been shown to play important roles in reptile TSD, showing the relative conservation of underlying regulation mechanisms between TSD in reptile and TSD or GSD+TE in fish species. Finally, the transcriptome profiling was validated by quantitative real-time PCR in nine selected genes. These results provide a direction for investigating the GSD+TE molecular mechanism in fish species.
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Savan, Ram, and Masahiro Sakai. "Genomics of fish cytokines." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part D: Genomics and Proteomics 1, no. 1 (March 2006): 89–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cbd.2005.08.005.

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Lakra, W. S., Vindhya Mohindra, and Kuldeep K. Lal. "Fish genetics and conservation research in India: status and perspectives." Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 33, no. 4 (September 7, 2007): 475–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10695-007-9168-z.

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Pelster, Bernd, Adalberto L. Val, and Reinhard Dallinger. "Recent advances in biology and physiology of tropical freshwater fish." Journal of Experimental Zoology Part A: Ecological and Integrative Physiology 335, no. 9-10 (October 18, 2021): 721–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jez.2552.

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Zhang, Dapeng, Jason T. Popesku, Christopher J. Martyniuk, Huiling Xiong, Paula Duarte-Guterman, Linhui Yao, Xuhua Xia, and Vance L. Trudeau. "Profiling neuroendocrine gene expression changes following fadrozole-induced estrogen decline in the female goldfish." Physiological Genomics 38, no. 3 (August 2009): 351–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiolgenomics.00051.2009.

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Teleost fish represent unique models to study the role of neuroestrogens because of the extremely high activity of brain aromatase (AroB; the product of cyp19a1b). Aromatase respectively converts androstenedione and testosterone to estrone and 17β-estradiol (E2). Specific inhibition of aromatase activity by fadrozole has been shown to impair estrogen production and influence neuroendocrine and reproductive functions in fish, amphibians, and rodents. However, very few studies have identified the global transcriptomic response to fadrozole-induced decline of estrogens in a physiological context. In our study, sexually mature prespawning female goldfish were exposed to fadrozole (50 μg/l) in March and April when goldfish have the highest AroB activity and maximal gonadal size. Fadrozole treatment significantly decreased serum E2 levels (4.7 times lower; P = 0.027) and depressed AroB mRNA expression threefold in both the telencephalon ( P = 0.021) and the hypothalamus ( P = 0.006). Microarray expression profiling of the telencephalon identified 98 differentially expressed genes after fadrozole treatment ( q value <0.05). Some of these genes have shown previously to be estrogen responsive in either fish or other species, including rat, mouse, and human. Gene ontology analysis together with functional annotations revealed several regulatory themes for physiological estrogen action in fish brain that include the regulation of calcium signaling pathway and autoregulation of estrogen receptor action. Real-time PCR verified microarray data for decreased (activin-βA) or increased (calmodulin, ornithine decarboxylase 1) mRNA expression. These data have implications for our understanding of estrogen actions in the adult vertebrate brain.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fish Physiology and Genetics"

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Torati, Lucas Simon. "Reproductive physiology of Arapaima gigas (Schinz, 1822) and development of tools for broodstock management." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/25801.

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Arapaima gigas is the largest scaled freshwater fish in the world reaching over 250 kg. With growth rates of 10 kg+ within 12 months, A. gigas is considered as a promising candidate species for aquaculture development in South America. However, the lack of reproductive control in captivity is hindering the industry expansion. The work carried out in this doctoral thesis therefore aimed to better understand the species’ reproductive physiology, develop tools to identify gender and monitor gonad development, test hormonal therapies to induce ovulation and spawning and characterise the cephalic secretion for its potential roles in pheromone release and during parental care. Initially, a genomic study investigated the overall extent of polymorphism in A. gigas, which was found to be surprisingly low, with only 2.3 % of identified RAD-tags (135 bases long) containing SNPs. Then, a panel with 293 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was used to characterise the genetic diversity and structure of a range of Amazon populations. Results revealed populations from the Amazon and Solimões appeared to be genetically different from the Araguaia population, while Tocantins population comprised individuals from both stocks. This data provided a tool for broodstock identification and future management. The PhD then aimed to evaluate the effects of slow-release mGnRH implants and different broodstock size pairings on maturation and spawning. Results showed that the implants stimulated the brain-pituitary-gonad axis resulting in increased plasma levels of testosterone (females) and 11-ketotestosterone in males, respectively regardless of pairing sizes. However, no spawning was observed. Results also showed the release of sex steroids with potential pheromonal action through the cephalic secretion, a biological fluid released from the adult head along the reproductive period. Thereafter, a non-surgical field endoscopy method was developed and validated for ovarian assessment and gender identification. The method was then used to describe the female gonopore and obtain biopsy of the ovary through cannulation which allowed the description of oogenesis in A. gigas. Importantly, oocytes obtained by cannulation confirmed that adult females under investigation were maturing with oocytes in final maturation stage but failed to ovulate/spawn. Another hormonal induction trial was therefore performed in which a combination of GnRHa (mGnRHa/sGnRHa) was used by injection to induce ovulation and spawning in selected maturing females with effects on oocyte maturation monitored post-induction through biopsy. However, this trial appeared to not be successful at inducing ovulation or spawning. Finally, the peptidome and proteome of the cephalic secretion was further characterised through the comparison between parental and non-parental fish. Results highlighted the complex role of this biological fluid including potential roles on the developing offspring during the parental care period. Overall, this doctoral thesis provided new basic and applied data on A. gigas reproduction and tools that can be used in future studies to better understand the environmental and hormonal control of oogenesis and spawning.
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Thomson, Jack Sebastian. "Stability of an evolutionary relevant behavioural trait in fish : impact of environmental and genetic variation on behaviour and physiology." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.569663.

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Personality in animals describes a suite of correlated behavioural traits that distinguishes one individual from another. One important personality measure is boldness, which is related to intraspecific differences in responses to novelty, levels of activity and aggressiveness, propensity for exploration, and capacity for learning and memory. Personality and boldness have previously been linked with physiological responses to stress, termed coping styles, wherein lower stress responsiveness often correlates with bolder behaviour. Variation in these traits has important implications for how animals respond to environmental challenges. Personality and stress responsiveness are both also partly heritable; a greater understanding of the genetic control of behavioural and physiological traits is therefore necessary to understand how individual differences are maintained in the face of natural selection, and how genes can control changes in behaviour and physiology. Boldness and behavioural plasticity was therefore examined in the rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, which provides an excellent model since the behaviour and physiology of this economically important species has been well-studied. Throughout, boldness was assessed using novel object tests, where latency to approach to within 5 cm of an object was the primary determinant. Trout which approached within 180 s were considered bold, those which did not approach within 300 s as shy, and the remainder as intermediate which were discarded from analysis. Boldness was consistent over time in two lines of rainbow trout bred for a divergent response to stress, but no correlation was found between boldness and either stress responsiveness or gene expression, in contrast to expectations. Stress responsiveness was, however, strongly linked with gene expression: a suite of candidate genes was uniformly upregulated in low stress-responding trout compared to high-responders, suggesting fine control of hormones and receptors throughout the stress response may occur downstream of gene expression. Outbred bold rainbow trout placed into a group of either completely bold or completely shy trout tended to become shyer, whereas initially shy trout did not display any behavioural plasticity. Likewise, bold trout exposed to predation threat in combination with different levels of feed availability modified 'their behaviour seemingly dependent upon the combination of risk level and internal state. Shy trout, again, were less labile. This is in contrast to coping style theory which suggests shy, reactive animals have more behavioural flexibility than bold, proactive individuals. When exposed to variable abiotic factors - increased temperature and reduced dissolved oxygen content - both bold and shy fish exhibited some behavioural change dependent upon the combination of factors. When exposed to these stressors and challenges, plasma cortisol levels more closely matched behavioural profiles such that shy trout generally had a greater stress response than bold trout, and this could be linked to exposure to threat or temperature change. Furthermore, gene expression profiles corresponded with predation threat: genes coding for corticotrophin releasing factor (CRF), ependymin and y-aminobutyric acid A (GABAA) increased in expression under increasing threat levels, indicating these genes were involved in the response to this particular challenge. These results thus show the existence of personality in rainbow trout, linking responses towards novelty with levels of activity and identifying physiological and genetic correlates to these behavioural traits. Boldness was shown not to be a fixed trait but, instead, dependent upon social, environmental, nutritional and energetic state and on intensity of risk. Bold trout generally altered their behavioural strategy in an adaptive manner according to both context and state yet shy individuals remained shy. These empirical data highlight the importance of taking individual personality into account when assessing molecular, physiological and behavioural responses to stimuli. Furthermore, these data provide new insights into intraspecific variation within a variety of contexts that may be used to fuel theoretical models of the evolutionary and ecological significance of animal personalities.
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Eakins, Felicity Elizabeth Veronica. "Physiology and crossbridge mechanism of boney fish muscle." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.497640.

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Eakins, Felicity Elizabeth Veronica. "Physiology and Crossbridge mechanism of bony fish muscle." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.486589.

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Muscle contraction is brought about by the interaction of the proteins actin and myosin. Xray diffraction is a useful tool for gaining information about this process. This thesis reports on the effect of sarcomere length on the X-ray diffraction patterns from active and rigor bony fish muscle. During contraction, sarcomere I.ength changes are known to slow the development of tension (Cecchi et al., 1991) and effect X-ray reflection intensities, (Elliott et al., 1963). Up until now the size of the contractile sarcomere length change in these muscles was unknown and its effect on the tension and X-ray intensities had been neglected (Harford and Squire, 1992). Previously, a time lag was observed between the intensity changes of . the first two major equatorial X-ray reflections (A(10) and A(11�». This led to a hypothesis that the low and high force attached crossbridge states are structurally distinct (Harford and Squire, 1992). In this project, a sarcomere length measurement and control system was developed. The contractile performance of the bony fish muscles was also improved. For the first time, the sarcomere length change during contraction of whole Plaice fin muscle was measured (a reduction of (3.10�±0.06)% per sarcomere) and the system could halve this change. This sarcomere length control was found to significantly increase the rate of tension development. X-ray data also showed a reduction of over half in the lag between the two intensity changes (A(10) and A(11�», providing less clear evidence that the two crossbridge states are structurally different, a finding closer to that seen in frog muscle (Cecchi et al., 1991). Using two pre-existing X-ray datasets, the effect of initial sarcomere length on the state induced in rigor bony fish muscle was also investigated. Evidence from the intensity distributions on the actin layer-lines and from electron density maps of the muscle crosssection, (Harford et al., 1994), suggested that in rigor muscles with a longer initial sarcomere length than the conventional 2.2lJm, a different state was induced in the specimens. This was characterised by a smaller tropomyosin shift, a different crossbridge labelling pattern and a different average head shape, possibly closer to that seen in active muscle.
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Mainwaring, Gary. "Aspects of fish haematology." Thesis, Swansea University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.627994.

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Laight, Richard James. "Aspects of the employment of fish to study gene expression and of the effects of the release of transgenic fish." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.285882.

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Tsang, J. S. H. "The physiology and genetics of bacterial dehalogenases." Thesis, University of Kent, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.380588.

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Furimsky, Marosh. "Intracellular pH regulation in hepatocytes of teleost fish." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ58273.pdf.

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Perrott, M. N. "The Renin-Angiotensin System and osmoregulation in fish." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.233470.

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Moorhead, Mayron. "The Metabolic Cost of Electric Signalling in Weakly Electric Fish." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28900.

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Wave-type weakly electric fish emit a highly regular electric discharge using a specialized electric organ. This electric organ discharge (EOD) forms the basis for an electric sense used for navigation, prey detection and communication. The metabolic cost of the EOD is not fully understood, but recent research suggests that it constitutes a significant portion of the fish's energy budget. In the current study, manipulation of metabolic rate via exposure to hypoxia did not significantly alter EOD frequency. Changes in metabolic rate through swimming resulted in EOD frequency increase. To manipulate EOD frequency directly in individual fish, the jamming avoidance response (JAR) and long term frequency elevation (LTFE) were used. EOD frequency elevation and jamming stimulation resulted in an increased M˙O2 possibly associated with increases in sensory processing. Taken together, these data indicate that electric signalling in wave-type weakly electric fish is a not a major contributor to whole-animal energetic cost.
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Books on the topic "Fish Physiology and Genetics"

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J, Babin Patrick, Cerdà Joan 1965-, and Lubzens Esther, eds. The fish oocyte: From basic studies to biotechnological applications. Dordrecht, the Netherlands: Springer, 2007.

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Anke, Timm, and Anja Schüffler, eds. Physiology and Genetics. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71740-1.

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Anke, Timm, and Daniela Weber, eds. Physiology and Genetics. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00286-1.

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Purdom, C. E. Genetics and fish breeding. London: Chapman & Hall, 1993.

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Gratzek, John B. Fish breeding and genetics. Morris Plains, N.J: Tetra Press, 1992.

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Palstra, Arjan P., and Josep V. Planas, eds. Swimming Physiology of Fish. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31049-2.

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Nilsson, Stefan, and Susanne Holmgren, eds. Fish Physiology: Recent Advances. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-6558-7.

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Tave, Douglas. Genetics for fish hatchery managers. Westport, Conn: AVI Pub. Co., 1986.

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Genetics for fish hatchery managers. 2nd ed. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1993.

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Physiological genetics. New York: Garland, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Fish Physiology and Genetics"

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Kim, Se-Kwon. "Fish Genetics." In Essentials of Marine Biotechnology, 55–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20944-5_3.

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Ekker, Marc, and Marie-Andrée Akimenko. "Genetic tools." In Fish Physiology, 1–23. Elsevier, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1546-5098(10)02901-8.

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Johnston, Ian A. "Genetic and Environmental Determinants of Muscle Growth Patterns." In Fish Physiology, 141–86. Elsevier, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1546-5098(01)18007-6.

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Devlin, Robert H., Rosalind A. Leggatt, and Tillmann J. Benfey. "Genetic modification of growth in fish species used in aquaculture: Phenotypic and physiological responses." In Fish Physiology, 237–72. Elsevier, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/bs.fp.2020.09.004.

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Hilsdorf, Alexandre Wagner Silva, Renata Guimarães Moreira, Luis Fernando Marins, and Eric M. Hallerman. "The genetic bases of physiological processes in fish." In Biology and Physiology of Freshwater Neotropical Fish, 49–74. Elsevier, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-815872-2.00003-8.

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Rust, Michael B. "Nutritional Physiology." In Fish Nutrition, 367–452. Elsevier, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-012319652-1/50008-2.

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Small, Brian C. "Nutritional physiology." In Fish Nutrition, 593–641. Elsevier, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-819587-1.00007-0.

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Tierney, Keith B., Christopher J. Kennedy, Frank Gobas, Melissa Gledhill, and Mark Sekela. "Organic Contaminants and Fish." In Fish Physiology, 1–52. Elsevier, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-398254-4.00001-7.

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Johnson, Lyndal L., Bernadita F. Anulacion, Mary R. Arkoosh, Douglas G. Burrows, Denis A. M. da Silva, Joseph P. Dietrich, Mark S. Myers, Julann Spromberg, and Gina M. Ylitalo. "Effects of Legacy Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in Fish—Current and Future Challenges." In Fish Physiology, 53–140. Elsevier, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-398254-4.00002-9.

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Basu, Niladri, and David M. Janz. "Organometal(loid)s." In Fish Physiology, 141–94. Elsevier, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-398254-4.00003-0.

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Conference papers on the topic "Fish Physiology and Genetics"

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Salazar Moscoso, Marcela, Silvia Joly Ruiz Castellanos, Guillem Anglada Escudé, and Laia Ribas Cabezas. "Hypergravity induces changes in physiology, gene expression and epigenetics in zebrafish." In Symposium on Space Educational Activities (SSAE). Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/conference-9788419184405.044.

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All living organisms that inhabit Earth have evolved under a common value of gravity, which amounts to an acceleration of 9.81 m/s2 at mean sea level. Changes on it could cause important alterations that affect vital biological functions. The crescent interest in spatial exploration has opened the question of how exactly these changes in gravity would affect Earth life forms on space environments. This work is the result of a collaborative co-supervision of a master thesis between experts in the area of space sciences and biology, and it can serve as a case study for training experts in such interdisciplinary environments. In particular, we focus on the effect of gravity as a pressure factor in the development of zebrafish (Danio rerio) in the larval stage as a model organism using up-to-date (genomic and epigenetic) techniques. Given the high cost of any experiment in true low gravity (which would require a space launch), we performed an initial experiment in hypergravity to develop the methodologies and identify good (epi)genetic markers of the effect of gravity in our model organism. Previous studies in zebrafish have shown how alteration in gravity effects the development and the gene expression of important regulatory genes. For this study, we firstly customized a small laboratory scale centrifuge to study changes in fish physiology together with changes at molecular levels. We exposed zebrafish larvae from 0 to 6 days post fertilization to the simulated hypergravity (SHG) (100 rpm  3g). After 6 days of hypergravity exposition the larvae showed changes in their swimming and flotation patterns, and presented corporal alterations. Then, we assessed gene expression of genes implicated in important biological processes, (e.g., epigenetics), and an upregulation were observed when compared to the control. Taken together, these preliminary findings show how gravity alterations could affect some basic biological responses, and illustrate the potential of developing new science cases to be developed by students at postgraduate level (MSc and beyond) in a multidisciplinary environment
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Markert, Clement L., John G. Scandalios, Hwa A. Lim, and Oleg L. Serov. "Isozymes: Organization and Roles in Evolution, Genetics and Physiology." In Seventh International Congress on Isozymes. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814535595.

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Botnari, Vasile. "Unele oportunități de adaptare și dezvotare a agriculturii în contextul schimbărilor climatice." In VIIth International Scientific Conference “Genetics, Physiology and Plant Breeding”. Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/gppb7.2021.05.

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The Republic of Moldova is in the area of risky agriculture. Limited land and water resources make the food supply vulnerable to extreme weather conditions during the year. In order to increase agricultural production, it is necessary to implement investments in the material - technical and research base, to re-store the irrigation system. Climate change can lead to a decrease in the productivity potential of many crops, requiring a revision of crop rotation with the determination of risk areas, a revision of the spectrum of diseases and pests with the continuous updating of plant protection systems.
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Calugaru-Spataru, Tatiana. "Study of the influence of negative temperatures on biomass accumulation and cell viability of callus and cell aggregates of Rhodiola rosea L." In VIIth International Scientific Conference “Genetics, Physiology and Plant Breeding”. Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/gppb7.2021.07.

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As a result of determining the resistance to the action of different negative temperatures of callus cells and cellular aggregates of Rhodiola rosea, it was shown that after exposure of callus to -8oC, only 52% of the cells survived. In the case of exposing the experimental variant of R. rosea cell aggregates to -8oC, the value of cell viability was 68%. This suggests that the frost tolerance of cell aggregates is higher than that of callus cells, which indicates that the stress factor to be tolerated is higher, the lower the de-gree of organization of the biological system.
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Боровская, Ала, Раиса Иванова, and Наталия Мащенко. "Влияние теплового стресса и биологически активных веществ из Linaria genistifolia на прорастание семян кукурузы и содержание в них крахмала." In VIIth International Scientific Conference “Genetics, Physiology and Plant Breeding”. Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/gppb7.2021.04.

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The use of reserve substances by maize during germination may depend on various factors, in-cluding genotypic and abiotic ones. The aim of the study was to establish the changes in the germination characteristics, starch content and reserve substances mobilization of various maize hybrids under the in-fluence of supraoptimale temperature and genistifoliosides. The heat stress promoted an increase in the metabolic efficiency of maize germination and led to a decrease in the starch content in the seeds. These changes were mostly dependent on the maize hybrid. The seeds pretreatment with genistifoliosides al-lowed removing the growth inhibition caused by increased temperature.
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Elisovetcaia, Dina, Raisa Ivanova, Iachim Gumeniuc, and Vasili Zayachuk. "Influența factorilor abiotici asupra capacităților germinative a semințelor de fag (Fagus sylvatica L.)." In VIIth International Scientific Conference “Genetics, Physiology and Plant Breeding”. Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/gppb7.2021.11.

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The diversification of beech genotypes on the territory of the Republic of Moldova could be a so-lution to avoid the risks caused by climate change. The objective of this research was to determine the viability of beech seeds collected from four areas of the Ivano-Frankivsk region (Ukraine) and their modi-fication under the influence of various abiotic factors. The analyzed seeds possessed high viability (77.89 – 96.63%), which under the influence of supra optimal temperature +40°C decreased 1.3-1.4 times de-pending on the applied dose. Seeds exposed to heat treatment used reserve substances for radicle growth 1.4 – 1.6 times more than the control.
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Caus, Maria, Alexandru Dascaliuc, Pantelimon Borozan, and Bettina Eichler-Lubermann. "Efectul utilizării elementelor nutritive pentru germinare și creștere asupra indicilor fotosintetici ai frunzelor de porumb Zea mays L." In VIIth International Scientific Conference “Genetics, Physiology and Plant Breeding”. Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/gppb7.2021.08.

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In this study experiments were conducted on the influence of ½ Hoagland nutrient media (NM), utilized for germination, on the content of chlorophylls, carotenoids and activity of photosystem II (FSII) of two maize hybrids (Porumbeni 180 and Bemo 203). The results showed that contents of chlorophyll a, b, (a + b) and carotenoids were significantly higher in leaves of Bemo 203 that germinated on NM, compared to the control. But in leaves of the Porumbeni 180 hybrid significant differences in the content of chlorophyll pigments in both the control and exper-imental plants were not detected. The FSII level in the leaves of the Porumbeni 180 was higher than in leaves of the Bemo 203, both for the control and experimental plants.
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Анточ, Людмила, and Татьяна Салтанович. "Качество мужского гаметофита гибридов томата в условиях повышенной температуры." In VIIth International Scientific Conference “Genetics, Physiology and Plant Breeding”. Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/gppb7.2021.02.

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The aim of the research was to study the effect of high temperature on the variability of male gametophyte traits in hybrid F5 populations of tomato. Thus, it was found that the high temperature has a significant effect on the variability of the male gametophyte characteristics of tomato hybrids. For the combinations under study, it was revealed that the temperature factor and genotype are the main sources of variability of the male gametophyte traits against the background of elevated temperature. As a result of the experiments, the two most heat-resistant tomato genotypes were identified.
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Козарь, Елена, И. Енгалычева, А. Антошкин, Е. Козарь, Наталия Мащенко, and Ала Боровская. "Использование вторичных метаболитов высших растений для обработки семян фасоли." In VIIth International Scientific Conference “Genetics, Physiology and Plant Breeding”. Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/gppb7.2021.15.

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The use of preparations based on secondary plant metabolites is an alternative to chemical pesti-cides, to which the vegetable bean culture is very sensitive. Аll preparations stimulate the germination and development of the root system of seedlings, which contributes to an increase in the germination and resistance of beans to Fusarium in the early stages of development. 0.01% concentration is the most op-timal for treating beans before sowing. Verbascoside exhibits a prolonged immunomodulatory effect and effectively inhibits the development of the disease throughout the growing season. Bioregulators mold-stim and linaroside work more effectively together with chemical fungicides, reducing their phytotoxicity and increasing plant stress resiastance.
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"Cercetări în genetica și fiziologia vegetală: retrospectivă și realizări actuale ale IGFPP." In VIIth International Scientific Conference “Genetics, Physiology and Plant Breeding”. Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/gppb7.2021.01.

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The paper presents a synthesis of plant genetics and physiology researches carried out at Institute of Gene-tics, Physiology and Plant Protection since its founding and during last years, as well as the contributions of resear-chers who worked during this period. The main research directions are highlighted, notifying the scientific and practical importance for supporting breeding programs and agricultural practice.
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Reports on the topic "Fish Physiology and Genetics"

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Sowers, Kevin R. Physiology and Genetics of Biogenic Methane-Production from Acetate. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1072725.

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Conway, T. Physiology and genetics of metabolic flux control in Zymomonas mobilis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7236254.

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Conway, T. (Physiology and genetics of metabolic flux control in Zymomonas mobilis). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5116098.

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Heven Sze. Regulating Intracellular Calcium in Plants: From Molecular Genetics to Physiology. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/932554.

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Conway, T. [Physiology and genetics of metabolic flux control in Zymomonas mobilis]. Progress report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10151483.

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Conway, T. Physiology and genetics of metabolic flux control in Zymomonas mobilis. Progress report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10168249.

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Cnaani, Avner, Gordon Grau, Darren Lerner, and Sheenan Harpaz. Gastrointestinal osmoregulatory activity in Tilapia and its effects on growth, an opportunity for fish diet developments. United States Department of Agriculture, July 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7594393.bard.

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Fish living in freshwater and seawater environments experience constant osmotic pressure between their internal body and the surrounding water. Regulation of ion and water balance under these conditions is highly energetic demanding, and eventually, affects the fish growth. While the role of the gills in osmoregulation was extensively studied, the osmoregulatory activity of the gastrointestinal tract is less known. In this study we characterized the tilapia intestine as a multifunctional organ, having a role in both nutrition and in ion regulation. We studied the pituitary endocrine regulation of intestinal salinity adaptation, the salinity-dependent physiological activity along different intestinal sections, and specific genes that are linking nutrient absorption with ion and acid-base regulation. The results of this study indicate that different intestinal sections developed various specific activities. Their endocrine regulation is now better understood, a large data-set of salinity dependent gene transcript was developed, as well as new tools and methods to study new aspects of intestinal physiology.
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Vakharia, Vikram, Shoshana Arad, Yonathan Zohar, Yacob Weinstein, Shamila Yusuff, and Arun Ammayappan. Development of Fish Edible Vaccines on the Yeast and Redmicroalgae Platforms. United States Department of Agriculture, February 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7699839.bard.

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Betanodaviruses are causative agents of viral nervous necrosis (VNN), a devastating disease of cultured marine fish worldwide. Betanodavirus (BTN) genome is composed of two single-stranded, positive-sense RNA molecules. The larger genomic segment, RNA1 (3.1 kb), encodes the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, while the smaller genomic segment, RNA 2 (1.4kb), encodes the coat protein. This structural protein is the host-protective antigen of VNN which assembles to form virus-like particles (VLPs). BTNs are classified into four genotypes, designated red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV), barfin flounder nervous necrosis virus (BFNNV), tiger puffer nervous necrosis virus (TPNNV), and striped jack nervous necrosis virus (SJNNV), based on phylogenetic analysis of the coat protein sequences. RGNNV type is quite important as it has a broad host-range, infecting warm-water fish species. At present, there is no commercial vaccine available to prevent VNN in fish. The general goal of this research was to develop oral fish vaccines in yeast and red microalgae (Porphyridium sp.) against the RGNNV genotype. To achieve this, we planned to clone and sequence the coat protein gene of RGNNV, express the coat protein gene of RGNNV in yeast and red microalgae and evaluate the immune response in fish fed with recombinantVLPs antigens produced in yeast and algae. The collaboration between the Israeli group and the US group, having wide experience in red microalgae biochemistry, molecular genetics and large-scale cultivation, and the development of viral vaccines and eukaryotic protein expression systems, respectively, was synergistic to produce a vaccine for fish that would be cost-effective and efficacious against the betanodavirus infection.
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Funkenstein, Bruria, and Cunming Duan. GH-IGF Axis in Sparus aurata: Possible Applications to Genetic Selection. United States Department of Agriculture, November 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7580665.bard.

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Many factors affect growth rate in fish: environmental, nutritional, genetics and endogenous (physiological) factors. Endogenous control of growth is very complex and many hormone systems are involved. Nevertheless, it is well accepted that growth hormone (GH) plays a major role in stimulating somatic growth. Although it is now clear that most, if not all, components of the GH-IGF axis exist in fish, we are still far from understanding how fish grow. In our project we used as the experimental system a marine fish, the gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata), which inhabits lagoons along the Mediterranean and Atlantic coasts of Europe, and represents one of the most important fish species used in the mariculture industry in the Mediterranean region, including Israel. Production of Sparus is rapidly growing, however, in order for this production to stay competitive, the farming of this fish species has to intensify and become more efficient. One drawback, still, in Sparus extensive culture is that it grows relatively slow. In addition, it is now clear that growth and reproduction are physiological interrelated processes that affect each other. In particular sexual maturation (puberty) is known to be closely related to growth rate in fish as it is in mammals, indicating interactions between the somatotropic and gonadotropic axes. The goal of our project was to try to identify the rate-limiting components(s) in Sparus aurata GH-IGF system which might explain its slow growth by studying the ontogeny of growth-related genes: GH, GH receptor, IGF-I, IGF-II, IGF receptor, IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs) and Pit-1 during early stages of development of Sparus aurata larvae from slow and fast growing lines. Our project was a continuation of a previous BARD project and could be divided into five major parts: i) obtaining additional tools to those obtained in the previous project that are necessary to carry out the developmental study; ii) the developmental expression of growth-related genes and their cellular localization; iii) tissue-specific expression and effect of GH on expression of growth-related genes; iv) possible relationship between GH gene structure, growth rate and genetic selection; v) the possible role of the IGF system in gonadal development. The major findings of our research can be summarized as follows: 1) The cDNAs (complete or partial) coding for Sparus IGFBP-2, GH receptor and Pit-1 were cloned. Sequence comparison reveals that the primary structure of IGFBP-2 protein is 43-49% identical to that of zebrafish and other vertebrates. Intensive efforts resulted in cloning a fragment of 138 nucleotides, coding for 46 amino acids in the proximal end of the intracellular domain of GH receptor. This is the first fish GH receptor cDNA that had been cloned to date. The cloned fragment will enable us to complete the GH - receptor cloning. 2) IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-2, and IGF receptor transcripts were detected by RT-PCR method throughout development in unfertilized eggs, embryos, and larvae suggesting that these mRNAs are products of both the maternal and the embryonic genomes. Preliminary RT-PCR analysis suggest that GH receptor transcript is present in post-hatching larvae already on day 1. 3) IGF-1R transcripts were detected in all tissues tested by RT-PCR with highest levels in gill cartilage, skin, kidney, heart, pyloric caeca, and brain. Northern blot analysis detected IGF receptor only in gonads, brain and gill cartilage but not in muscle; GH increased slightly brain and gill cartilage IGF-1R mRNA levels. 4) IGFBP-2 transcript were detected only in liver and gonads, when analyzed by Northern blots; RT-PCR analysis revealed expression in all tissues studied, with the highest levels found in liver, skin, gonad and pyloric caeca. 5) Expression of IGF-I, IGF-II, IGF-1R and IGFBP-2 was analyzed during gonadal development. High levels of IGF-I and IGFBP-2 expression were found in bisexual young gonads, which decreased during gonadal development. Regardless of maturational stage, IGF-II levels were higher than those of IGF-L 6) The GH gene was cloned and its structure was characterized. It contains minisatellites of tandem repeats in the first and third introns that result in high level of genetic polymorphism. 7) Analysis of the presence of IGF-I and two types of IGF receptor by immunohistochemistry revealed tissue- and stage-specific expression during larval development. Immunohistochemistry also showed that IGF-I and its receptors are present in both testicular and ovarian cells. Although at this stage we are not able to pinpoint which is the rate-limiting step causing the slow growth of Sparus aurata, our project (together with the previous BARD) yielded a great number of experimental tools both DNA probes and antibodies that will enable further studies on the factors regulating growth in Sparus aurata. Our expression studies and cellular localization shed new light on the tissue and developmental expression of growth-related genes in fish.
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Lers, Amnon, Majid R. Foolad, and Haya Friedman. genetic basis for postharvest chilling tolerance in tomato fruit. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7600014.bard.

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ABSTRACT Postharvest losses of fresh produce are estimated globally to be around 30%. Reducing these losses is considered a major solution to ensure global food security. Storage at low temperatures is an efficient practice to prolong postharvest performance of crops with minimal negative impact on produce quality or human health and the environment. However, many fresh produce commodities are susceptible to chilling temperatures, and the application of cold storage is limited as it would cause physiological chilling injury (CI) leading to reduced produce quality. Further, the primary CI becomes a preferred site for pathogens leading to decay and massive produce losses. Thus, chilling sensitive crops should be stored at higher minimal temperatures, which curtails their marketing life and in some cases necessitates the use of other storage strategies. Development of new knowledge about the biological basis for chilling tolerance in fruits and vegetables should allow development of both new varieties more tolerant to cold, and more efficient postharvest storage treatments and storage conditions. In order to improve the agricultural performance of modern crop varieties, including tomato, there is great potential in introgression of marker-defined genomic regions from wild species onto the background of elite breeding lines. To exploit this potential for improving tomato fruit chilling tolerance during postharvest storage, we have used in this research a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between the red-fruited tomato wild species SolanumpimpinellifoliumL. accession LA2093 and an advanced Solanum lycopersicumL. tomato breeding line NCEBR-1, developed in the laboratory of the US co-PI. The original specific objectives were: 1) Screening of RIL population resulting from the cross NCEBR1 X LA2093 for fruit chilling response during postharvest storage and estimation of its heritability; 2) Perform a transcriptopmic and bioinformatics analysis for the two parental lines following exposure to chilling storage. During the course of the project, we learned that we could measure greater differences in chilling responses among specific RILs compared to that observed between the two parental lines, and thus we decided not to perform transcriptomic analysis and instead invest our efforts more on characterization of the RILs. Performing the transcriptomic analysis for several RILs, which significantly differ in their chilling tolerance/sensitivity, at a later stage could result with more significant insights. The RIL population, (172 lines), was used in field experiment in which fruits were examined for chilling sensitivity by determining CI severity. Following the field experiments, including 4 harvest days and CI measurements, two extreme tails of the response distribution, each consisting of 11 RILs exhibiting either high sensitivity or tolerance to chilling stress, were identified and were further examined for chilling response in greenhouse experiments. Across the RILs, we found significant (P < 0.01) correlation between field and greenhouse grown plants in fruit CI. Two groups of 5 RILs, whose fruits exhibited reproducible chilling tolerant/sensitive phenotypes in both field and greenhouse experiments, were selected for further analyses. Numerous genetic, physiological, biochemical and molecular variations were investigated in response to postharvest chilling stress in the selected RILs. We confirmed the differential response of the parental lines of the RIL population to chilling stress, and examined the extent of variation in the RIL population in response to chilling treatment. We determined parameters which would be useful for further characterization of chilling response in the RIL population. These included chlorophyll fluorescence Fv/Fm, water loss, total non-enzymatic potential of antioxidant activity, ascorbate and proline content, and expression of LeCBF1 gene, known to be associated with cold acclimation. These parameters could be used in continuation studies for the identification and genetic mapping of loci contributing to chilling tolerance in this population, and identifying genetic markers associated with chilling tolerance in tomato. Once genetic markers associated with chilling tolerance are identified, the trait could be transferred to different genetic background via marker-assisted selection (MAS) and breeding. The collaborative research established in this program has resulted in new information and insights in this area of research and the collaboration will be continued to obtain further insights into the genetic, molecular biology and physiology of postharvest chilling tolerance in tomato fruit. The US Co-PI, developed the RIL population that was used for screening and measurement of the relevant chilling stress responses and conducted statistical analyses of the data. Because we were not able to grow the RIL population under field conditions in two successive generations, we could not estimate heritability of response to chilling temperatures. However, we plan to continue the research, grow the RIL progeny in the field again, and determine heritability of chilling tolerance in a near future. The IS and US investigators interacted regularly and plan to continue and expand on this study, since combing the expertise of the Co-PI in genetics and breeding with that of the PI in postharvest physiology and molecular biology will have great impact on this line of research, given the significant findings of this one-year feasibility project.
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