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Journal articles on the topic 'Fiscal inequality'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 11 February 2022

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1

Utama, Zamrud Siswa, M. Khusaini, and Setyo Tri Wahyudi. "Kebijakan Fiskal di Persimpangan, Pro Growth atau Pro Poor?" Indonesian Treasury Review Jurnal Perbendaharaan Keuangan Negara dan Kebijakan Publik 2, no. 2 (September 7, 2017): 67–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.33105/itrev.v2i2.28.

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ABSTRACT Indonesian fiscal policy is designed as pro growth and pro poor. Fiscal space and inequality rapid growth become constraints for this policy. Beside that constraints, pro poor and pro growth fiscal policy was debatable. Okun’s Law, Kuznet Theory and inclusive growth concept were sources of this debate. This paper investigates the impact of fiscal policy on growth and inequality. Using Error Correction Model (ECM), this paper shows that between 1980 until 2015, fiscal policy become more pro growth than pro poor. ABSTRAK Kebijakan fiskal Indonesia dirancang dalam kerangka pro growth dan pro poor. Keterbatasan ruang fiskal dan tingginya kecepatan peningkatan ketimpangan menjadi kendala. Selain kendala tersebut, usaha untuk merancang kebijakan fiskal yang pro growth dan pro poor menjadi perdebatan. Teori Kuznet, Hukum Okun, dan konsep pertumbuhan inklusif menjadi pangkal perdebatan ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat dampak kebijakan fiskal terhadap pertumbuhan dan ketimpangan. Menggunakan Error Correction Model (ECM), hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa selama periode 1980 sampai dengan 2015 kebijakan fiskal cenderung mendorong pertumbuhan dibanding pemerataan.

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2

Jin, Yinghua, Leng Ling, Hongfeng Peng, and Pingping Song. "Fiscal Decentralization and Horizontal Fiscal Inequality in China." Chinese Economy 46, no. 3 (May 2013): 6–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/ces1097-1475460301.

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3

Arham, Muhammad Amir. "Kebijakan Desentralisasi Fiskal, Pergeseran Sektoral, dan Ketimpangan Antarkabupaten/Kota di Sulawesi Tengah." Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia 14, no. 2 (January 1, 2014): 145–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.21002/jepi.v14i2.437.

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AbstractFiscal decentralization can create eficiency and effectiveness to promote growth and change in economic structures as well as to reduce inequalities amongst regions. This study intends to find out whether the fiscal decentralization policies during 2001-2010 contribute to the shift of economic sectors and inequality rates amongst districts/municipalities in the Province of Central Sulawesi. By using econometrics of panel data, the study found that fiscal decentralization supports a shift in the economic sector where the role of primary sector gradually decreased and the secondary and tertiary sector tend to be increased since the implementation of regional autonomy. As a result, the fiscal decentralization creates an economic change in Central Sulawesi, while at the same time, can inevitably generates higher economic inequality amongst regencies/municipalities in the region.Keywords: Fiscal Decentralization, Sectoral Shifts, Inequality AbstrakDesentralisasi skal dapat menciptakan esiensi dan efektivitas untuk mendorong pertumbuhan dan perubahan struktur ekonomi, serta mengurangi ketimpangan antardaerah. Studi ini ingin mengetahui pengaruh kebijakan desentralisasi fiskal terhadap pergeseran sektor dan ketimpangan antarkabupaten/kota di Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah. Dengan menggunakan metode ekonometrika melalui persamaan data panel pada periode tahun 2001-2010, studi ini menemukan bahwa kebijakan desentralisasi fiskal dapat mendorong pergeseran sektor, di mana peranan sektor primer kecenderungannya makin menurun, sehingga berakibat pada peningkatan peranan sektor sekunder dan tersier selama pelaksanaan otonomi daerah, dengan demikian kebijakan desentralisasi fiskal dapat menciptakan perubahan struktur ekonomi di Sulawesi Tengah. Kebijakan desentralisasi fiskal mendorong terjadinya peningkatan ketimpangan antara kabupaten/kota di Sulawesi Tengah selama periode studi.Kata kunci: Desentralisasi Fiskal, Pergeseran Sektoral, Ketimpangan

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4

Coady, David, and Sanjeev Gupta. "Income Inequality and Fiscal Policy." Staff Discussion Notes 12, no. 08 (2012): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781475504828.006.

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5

Dwirandra, Anak Agung Ngurah Bagus. "Moderation of Contingency Factors on the Effect of Fiscal Decentralization Inequality between Regencies/Cities in the Province of Bali." Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi dan Bisnis 16, no. 1 (January 5, 2021): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jiab.2021.v16.i01.p09.

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Fiscal decentralization affects inequality between regions but is not always linear because of contingent factors. The purpose of this study is to confirm the effect of fiscal decentralization on inequality between regions in the Bali Province. Specifically, this research aims to examine the moderating effect of contingent factors, such as regional spending, private investment, and general allocation funds, on fiscal decentralization. Secondary data published on the local government/municipal government website and Bali provincial statistics agency were used. Data were analyzed using moderated regression analysis techniques. Results conclude that fiscal decentralization has no significant negative effect on inequality between regions. Both regional expenditures and general allocation funds are unable to moderate the negative effect of fiscal decentralization on inequality between regions. On the other hand, private investment moderates the negative effect of fiscal decentralization on inequality between regions. Keywords: fiscal decentralization, inequality between regions/cities, regional spending, private investment, general allocation funds.

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6

Novelo Urdanivia, Federico. "The mexican fiscal federalism: the permanent inequality." Denarius. Revista de economía y adminstración 2019, no. 38 (June 1, 2020): 17–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.24275/uam/izt/dcsh/denarius/v2020n38/novelo.

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7

Shahzad, Sehrish, and Bushra Yasmin. "Does Fiscal Decentralisation Matter for Poverty and Income Inequality in Pakistan?" Pakistan Development Review 55, no. 4I-II (December 1, 2016): 781–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v55i4i-iipp.781-802.

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This study endeavours to investigate the impact of fiscal decentralisation on the welfare concerns of poverty, and income inequality in Pakistan for the time period 1972 to 2013. In order to capture the multi-dimensional nature of fiscal decentralisation, three indicators are used namely; revenue decentralisation, expenditure decentralisation and composite decentralisation. Further, the role of institutional quality is also incorporated in apprehending the responsiveness of welfare issues towards the process of fiscal decentralisation. The estimation technique of Generalised Method of Moments (GMM) is employed for estimating the impact of fiscal decentralisation on poverty and income inequality. The empirical findings suggest that fiscal decentralisation has discretely resulted in increasing poverty and income inequality in Pakistan, but the presence of better institutional quality along with fiscal decentralisation can promise to mitigate the negative consequences of fiscal decentralisation for poverty and income inequality in Pakistan. Although, the indirect effect of fiscal decentralisation on welfare concerns, through institutional quality exhibits a fluctuating trend over time, but its average marginal effect is lower than the direct effect of fiscal decentralisation on welfare concerns. Hence, it can be perceived that the log-run welfare issues can be tackled effectively in the presence of institutional quality with a rational level of fiscal decentralisation. Also in order to reap the potential benefits of fiscal decentralisation for poverty and income inequality that has remained a catastrophe in case of Pakistan. JEL Classification: I3, 023 H53 Keywords: Fiscal Decentralisation, Welfare

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8

Furman, Jason, and Douglas Holtz-Eakin. "Fiscal policy responses to economic inequality." Business Economics 55, no. 3 (May 24, 2020): 113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s11369-020-00177-1.

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9

Digdowiseiso, K., E. Sugiyanto, and H. D. Setiawan. "Fiscal Decentralisation and Inequality in Indonesia." Economy of Region 16, no. 3 (September 2020): 989–1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.17059/ekon.reg.2020-3-24.

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10

Clifton, Judith, Daniel Díaz-Fuentes, and Julio Revuelta. "Falling Inequality in Latin America: The Role of Fiscal Policy." Journal of Latin American Studies 52, no. 2 (May 2020): 317–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x20000334.

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AbstractLatin America is one of the world's only regions to have witnessed a fall in income inequality during the 2000s. This paper evaluates the role fiscal policy played in this change. Recent scholarship has examined this in individual countries; lacking is a regional perspective. We examine the effects of nine fiscal instruments on income inequality in 17 countries between 1990 and 2014. Fiscal policy had a positive – albeit small – effect in reducing income inequality, especially from 2003, working best at the urban level. Public spending on education, personal income taxes and social contributions were especially instrumental in reducing income inequality.

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11

Bernardino, Tiago. "Asset Liquidity and Fiscal Consolidation Programs." Notas Económicas, no. 51 (December 11, 2020): 69–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/2183-203x_51_4.

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We argue that the relationship between wealth inequality and fiscal multipliers depends crucially on the type of fiscal experiment used, and on the measure of wealth distribution. We calibrate an overlapping generations model with incomplete markets for different European economies and use Household Finance and Consumption Survey (HFCS) data to compare fiscal multipliers when models are calibrated to match the distribution of gross vs. net wealth. We find a negative relationship between fiscal multipliers and wealth inequality when considering fiscal consolidation programs, in contrast to fiscal expansion experiments which are standard in the literature. The underlying mechanism relies on the relationship between the distribution of wealth and the share of credit‑ constrained agents. We examine the role of household balance sheet compositions regarding asset liquidity and find that when calibrating the model to match liquid wealth, the relationship between wealth inequality and fiscal multipliers is much stronger.

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12

Ghofur, Muhammad Abdul, and Lucky Rachmawati. "THE IMPACT OF FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION ON INCOME AND EDUCATION INEQUALITY THROUGH ECONOMIC GROWTH IN EAST JAVA." Oradea Journal of Business and Economics 4, special (May 2019): 90–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.47535/1991ojbe071.

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There are still many districts in East Java Province that are categorized as underdeveloped regions, which means that the region has low economic growth with a high income and education inequality. An economic model analysis that illustrates how the impact of fiscal decentralization has been exercised on income inequality and inequality of education through economic growth is needed. The analysis model used is path analysis to determine the direct and indirect impact of fiscal decentralization on income and education inequality through economic growth. The data used in the study were panel data from 2008 to 2015 collected from 29 districts in the East Java Province. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the fiscal decentralization policy has not been able to encourage economic growth and reduce the number of income inequality and inequality of education. Decentralization makes income inequality even more intense. Economic growth has not been able to reduce the income inequality, but it can reduce the rate of education inequality.

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13

Marjit, Sugata, Suryaprakash Mishra, Sandip Sarkar, and Lei Yang. "Trade, Inequality and Distribution-neutral Fiscal Policy." Foreign Trade Review 54, no. 2 (April 7, 2019): 61–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0015732519831797.

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Gains from trade and inequality do not feature prominently in trade theory. The standard criterion of Pareto efficiency indicates nothing about inequality when applied to the redistribution of gains from trade. Yet, trade-induced inequality has become a talking point and extremely contentious issue worldwide. In a Heckscher–Ohlin–Samuelson (HOS) model of trade, we consider tax-transfer policies that do not decrease the absolute income of any group, as suggested by the standard Pareto rule and keep the pre-trade degree of inequality between skilled and unskilled workers unchanged. Such a fiscal policy exists and is independent of whether the tax is progressive or proportional. We show that the aggregate gain in real income due to trade can be distributed to make everyone better off without increasing inequality. A generalization of the basic result shows that any Pareto efficient allocation can be transformed into a distribution-neutral allocation through appropriate fiscal policy. JEL Codes: F11, J31, D63, H20, H23

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14

Kharisma, Bayu, and Hani Hanifah. "Desentralisasi Fiskal dan Ketimpangan Pendapatan Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Jawa Barat." Jurnal Wacana Kinerja: Kajian Praktis-Akademis Kinerja dan Administrasi Pelayanan Publik 23, no. 2 (November 29, 2020): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.31845/jwk.v23i2.666.

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Income inequality is one of the problems that must be addressed immediately because it can have an impact on economic inefficiency and weaken the stability of social solidarity. One of the policies that can reduce income inequality is fiscal decentralization implementation. Specifically, this study aimed to analyze the effect of fiscal decentralization on income inequality in regencies and cities in West Java. The model used in this research was a fixed effect panel data regression. Fiscal decentralization was measured by adding the total regional revenue (Pendapatan Asli Daerah/PAD) to revenue sharing (Dana Bagi Hasil /DBH) and divided by the total regency and city expenditure. Income inequality was measured by using the Gini Ratio. The results indicated that fiscal decentralization could reduce income inequality in regencies and cities in West Java. The reason was that, through decentralization, local government could manage their finance and affect the welfare level. In addition, local government could also implement certain policies to increase the potential of each region.

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15

Furceri, Davide, Prakash Loungani, Jonathan D. Ostry, and Pietro Pizzuto. "The rise in inequality after pandemics: can fiscal support play a mitigating role?" Industrial and Corporate Change 30, no. 2 (April 1, 2021): 445–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icc/dtab031.

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Abstract Major epidemics of the last two decades (SARS, H1N1, MERS, Ebola, and Zika) have been followed by increases in inequality [Furceri et al. (2020), COVID Economics, 12, 138–157]. In this article, we show that the extent of fiscal consolidation in the years following the onset of these pandemics has played an important role in determining the extent of the increase in inequality. Episodes marked by extreme austerity—measured using either the government’s fiscal balance, health expenditures, or redistribution—have been associated with an increase in the Gini measure of inequality three times as large as in episodes where fiscal policy has been more supportive. We survey the evidence thus far on the distributional impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, which suggests that inequality is likely to increase in the absence of strong policy actions. We review the case made by many observers [IMF (2020), Fiscal Monitor; Stiglitz (2020), Finance & Development, Fall 2020; Sandbu (2020b), Financial Times, 26 November 2020)] that fiscal support should not be withdrawn prematurely despite understandable concerns about high public debt-to-GDP ratios.

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16

Peng, Xiaozhun, and Hongyou Lu. "Research on Property Income Inequality Effect of Fiscal Finance." Economies 8, no. 2 (June 17, 2020): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/economies8020050.

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“Creating conditions for more people to have property income” has become a national policy after the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. Based on the micro survey data from Chinese Family Panel Studies (CFPS) in 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016 and the macro panel data at the provincial level, a logarithmic linear equation was built to estimate the impact of micro and macro factors on property income. Furthermore, the contribution of fiscal expenditure and financial development on property income equality can be recognized using the regression-based inequality decomposition method. This research revealed that fiscal expenditure improves residents’ property income and slightly reduces the inequality of property income distribution. With respect to financial development, it improves residents’ property income but aggravates the inequality of property income distribution. However, there is a significant difference between the different regions. In eastern and central regions, inequality of property income distribution greatly benefits from fiscal expenditure, while in northwest regions, fiscal expenditure makes property income inequality even worse. Therefore, the focus of financial sustainable development is to reduce property income inequality through the establishment of an effective government and the improvement of the rule of laws.

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17

Stossberg, Sibylle, and Hansjörg Blöchliger. "Fiscal Decentralisation and Income Inequality: Empirical Evidence from OECD Countries." Jahrbücher für Nationalökonomie und Statistik 237, no. 3 (September 26, 2017): 225–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jbnst-2017-1108.

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Abstract Fiscal decentralisation might be partially responsible for rising income inequality by exacerbating competition between sub-national governments and compromising national government’s ability to redistribute. This paper investigates the relationship between fiscal decentralisation and economy-wide disposable income inequality. Drawing on a dataset of up to 20 OECD countries and covering the period 1996 to 2011, the analysis links a set of income inequality indicators and a wide array of fiscal decentralisation indicators. Results indicate that decentralisation might actually reduce income inequality, as measured by the Gini coefficient, but the effect is rather small and unstable across specifications. Fine-graining the analysis by using income percentile ratios, in turn, produces more significant and stable results. As such, the effects of fiscal decentralisation are not the same along the income distribution. While decentralisation tends to be associated with a reduction in income inequality between high incomes and the median, it is linked to a divergence of low income groups from the median, notably via sub-central tax autonomy. Transfers between levels of government also tend to be associated with an increase in the gap between lower and middle incomes. Interpreting these effects jointly, it seems that mainly middle income earners benefit from fiscal decentralisation.

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18

Bastagli, Francesca, David Coady, and Sanjeev Gupta. "Income Inequality and Fiscal Policy (2nd Edition)." Staff Discussion Notes 12, no. 08 (2012): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781475510850.006.

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19

Goerl, Caroline-Antonia, and Mike Seiferling. "Income Inequality, Fiscal Decentralization and Transfer Dependency." IMF Working Papers 14, no. 64 (2014): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781484354711.001.

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20

Soldatos, Gerasimos T. "Globalization, Inequality, Say’s Law, and Fiscal Globalism." Challenges 8, no. 2 (July 10, 2017): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/challe8020017.

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21

Odusola, Ayodele. "Fiscal Space, Poverty and Inequality in Africa." African Development Review 29, S1 (February 2017): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8268.12229.

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22

Chakraborty, Pinaki, and Shatakshi Garg. "Fiscal Pressure of Migration and Horizontal Fiscal Inequality: Evidence from Indian Experience." International Migration 57, no. 4 (December 19, 2018): 269–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/imig.12536.

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23

Bucheli, Marisa, Maximo Rossi, and Florencia Amábile. "Inequality and fiscal policies in Uruguay by race." Journal of Economic Inequality 16, no. 3 (January 24, 2018): 389–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10888-017-9373-7.

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Abstract The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of fiscal policy by race, disaggregating to consider Uruguayans with primarily European, African and indigenous ancestry. We perform an incidence analysis, an estimation of the effect of fiscal policy on the poverty exit rate and an assessment of the impact on the average ethno-racial gaps. The findings support the idea that fiscal policy reduces (but does not eliminate) ethnic gaps. This result is led by health care and educational transfers, and to a lesser degree by direct transfers. We do not consider quality issues with public services, which may affect the estimated narrowing of gaps. Finally, we find that Afro-descendants and indigenous individuals do not capture the full potential of education transfers because of their high drop-out rate.

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24

Djindjic, Srdjan. "The redistributive effects of personal taxes and social benefits in the Republic of Serbia." Ekonomski anali 59, no. 203 (2014): 91–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/eka1403091d.

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In this paper we measure the influence of the instruments of Serbia?s fiscal system - personal taxes (personal income tax and social security contributions) and social benefits (means tested and nonmeans tested) - on income redistribution, using the latest data from the Household Budget Survey 2012. We analyse the redistributive effects of the fiscal system for the year 2013 and of the fiscal system that has been functioning since 1st January 2014. We find that the redistributive effect reduces income inequality by about 50% in both observed years. Social benefits create 98% of vertical redistribution (2013), whereas personal taxes initiate 2% (2013). State pensions, means-tested social benefits, and social security contributions are most important in reducing inequality in Serbia (2013). The partial fiscal reform (2014) has not changed the rank of the focused fiscal instruments.

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Muranova, Anna P. "Income Inequality and Tax Tools to Reduce it in the South-East Asian Countries." South East Asia: Actual problems of Development 1, no. 1(50) (2021): 55–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.31696/2072-8271-2021-1-1-50-055-065.

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Since the end of the twentieth century. In most countries of the world, there is an increase in economic inequality in its various forms - income inequality, wealth inequality and inequality of opportunity. This article examines aspects of the inequality problem in Southeast Asia, such as income inequality at the intercountry and intracountry levels and the fiscal instruments used by governments to reduce inequality.

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26

Acosta Ormaechea, Santiago, Takuji Komatsuzaki, and Carolina Correa-Caro. "Fiscal Reforms, Long-term Growth and Income Inequality." IMF Working Papers 17, no. 145 (2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781484303689.001.

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27

Goñi, Edwin, J. Humberto López, and Luis Servén. "Fiscal Redistribution and Income Inequality in Latin America." World Development 39, no. 9 (September 2011): 1558–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2011.04.025.

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28

İrepoğlu Carreras, Yasemin. "Fiscal decentralization and inequality: the case of Spain." Regional Studies, Regional Science 3, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 295–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21681376.2016.1183513.

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29

Hollenbach, Florian M., and Thiago N. Silva. "Fiscal Capacity and Inequality: Evidence from Brazilian Municipalities." Journal of Politics 81, no. 4 (October 2019): 1434–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/704595.

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30

Douglass, Patrick. "Income Inequality and Fiscal Policy Reform in China." SAIS Review of International Affairs 29, no. 1 (2009): 129–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sais.0.0038.

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31

Agnello, Luca, and Ricardo M. Sousa. "Fiscal adjustments and income inequality: a first assessment." Applied Economics Letters 19, no. 16 (November 2012): 1627–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13504851.2011.648315.

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32

Agnello, Luca, Giorgio Fazio, and Ricardo M. Sousa. "National fiscal consolidations and regional inequality in Europe." Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society 9, no. 1 (January 29, 2016): 59–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsv033.

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Agnello, Luca, Vitor Castro, João Tovar Jalles, and Ricardo M. Sousa. "Income inequality, fiscal stimuli and political (in)stability." International Tax and Public Finance 24, no. 3 (November 4, 2016): 484–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10797-016-9428-x.

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34

Zatadini, Nabila, and Syamsuri Syamsuri. "Konsep Maqashid Syariah Menurut Al-Syatibi Dan Kontribusinya Dalam Kebijakan Fiskal." AL-FALAH : Journal of Islamic Economics 3, no. 2 (December 28, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.29240/alfalah.v3i2.587.

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Economic inequality is a common problem for all people in the world. To overcome this inequality government intervention is needed through fiscal policy. Successful fiscal policy took place during the Caliphate Umar bin Abdul Aziz who used maqashid sharia as its foundation. One Muslim scholar who has deep thoughts about maqashid sharia and contributes to the economy is Imam al-Syatibi. For this reason, research is needed on Maqashid Shari'ah and its contribution to fiscal policy. This paper aims to examine al-Syatibi's thought about maqashid syari'ah followed by its contribution to fiscal policy. The results of this study are maqashid sharia according to al-Syatibi aimed at maslahah which is classified into three dimensions: primary, secondary, and complementary. Maqashid Shari'ah has a big contribution in three aspects of fiscal policy, namely state expenditure, tax collection and household costs.

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35

Darvas, Zsolt. "Economic growth and income distribution implications of public spending and tax decisions." Society and Economy 42, no. 4 (November 20, 2020): 351–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/204.2020.00025.

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AbstractBoth the level and composition of public expenditures and revenues have implications for economic development, as argued by the ‘fiscal multiplier’ and the ‘quality of public finance’ literature. Public finance decisions also influence the distribution of income. By reviewing the literature, I argue for a fair distribution of income as reflected in low income inequality, not particularly because of the impact of income inequality on long-term growth (which is a controversial issue), but primarily because income inequality typically implies inequality of opportunity. European Union countries have very diverse public finance structures and different levels of effectiveness, and there is room for improvement in growth and equality impacts in all countries. A general guideline would be that the most effective approach comprises progressive taxes and inheritance taxes, spending on education, health and public infrastructure, and better government effectiveness. At the height of the 2008 global and the subsequent European financial and economic crises, the fiscal consolidation strategies of EU countries largely relied on cutting public investment and social spending (except pensions), which is the opposite of what is suggested in the literature. Better fiscal rules and good fiscal institutions are needed to safeguard growth- and distribution friendly expenditures in a crisis.

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36

Vo. "Information Theory and an Entropic Approach to an Analysis of Fiscal Inequality." Entropy 21, no. 7 (June 28, 2019): 643. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e21070643.

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In his influential study, Theil (1967) developed the notion of entropy on the basis of information theory. He then advocated the use of entropy-based measure for the analysis of income inequality. In this paper, the first of its kind, we apply Theil’s notion of entropy to public finances in multi-tiered governments, in particular for a measurement of fiscal decentralisation, which is currently very crude in terms of the ratio between local government revenue and total revenue. It is the claim of this paper that such an approach of measuring fiscal decentralisation completely ignores important distributional aspects of fiscal arrangements. Findings from this paper indicate that studies on measuring various aspects of fiscal activities—such as fiscal decentralisation—should carefully take into account the dispersion of revenue (and expenditure) across regions. On that basis, the entropic approach developed in this paper is able to accommodate these dispersions across subnational governments. As an illustration for the case of Vietnam, the true degree of fiscal decentralization has effectively been decreased in comparison with estimates from other simple measurements due to the presence of substantial dispersions of revenue and expenditure from the subnational governments across 63 provinces in Vietnam.

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37

Farida, Nur. "Fiscal Decentralization, Economic Growth and Regional Development Inequality in Eastern Indonesia." Journal of Indonesian Applied Economics 9, no. 2 (2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jiae.2021.009.02.1.

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This study analyzes the relations between fiscal decentralization, economic growth, and regional development inequality in Eastern Indonesia using 2016-2019 panel data of thirteen Eastern Indonesia provinces obtained from Statistics Indonesia and the Directorate General for Fiscal Balance. Using simultaneous equations estimated through the Three-Stage Least Squares, this study finds that fiscal decentralization has not fully supported economic growth and correct the inequality in eastern Indonesia’s regional development. The mandate for managing the budget has not been optimally used by the local governments, indicated by poor allocation for productive expenditures and its decreasing proportion during the research period. It is caused by poor human resource quality in budget planning and management, which finally hinders the quality of public service and economic growth. Supports from physical and human capital are required to keep up with the occurring economic activities so that inequality in regional development in the area can be reduced.

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Crudu, Rodica. "The influence of fiscal policy on income inequality in European Union’s member states." Business Systems & Economics 5, no. 1 (June 9, 2015): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.13165/vse-15-5-1-05.

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Poor growth performance over the past decades in Europe has increased concerns for rising income discrepancies and social exclusion. European authorities have recently launched the Europe 2020 strategy which aims to improve social inclusion in Europe on top of already existing European regional policies aiming to reduce regional disparities through stimulating growth in areas where incomes are relatively low. While it is most common to confine measures of inequality to national borders, the existence of such union-wide objectives and policies motivates measuring income dispersion among all Europeans in this paper. Fiscal policy is a powerful tool that changes the distribution of income in either direction, up or down. In this context, the present paper reviews the evolution of income inequality in EU member countries and figures out how fiscal policy (direct taxes) has influenced these outcomes. The paper also examines the contributions of both tax and expenditure policies in reducing income inequality in the EU, highlighting fiscal policy’s impact in different EU member countries.

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Putri, Yosi Eka, and Erita Erita. "Analisis Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Dan Ketimpangan Pendapatan, Panel Data Enam Provinsi Di Pulau Jawa." JURNAL INOVASI PENDIDIKAN EKONOMI 9, no. 1 (April 30, 2019): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/011041740.

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This study aims to analyze (1) the effect of regional fiscal autonomy degrees, tax and investment ratios on economic growth in Indonesia, (2) the effect of economic growth, labor productivity, investment and the Human Development Index (HDI) on income inequality in Java.The type of research is descriptive and associative research. The type of data is documentary data, the data source is panel data during 2013 - 2017 in six provinces in Java. This study uses simultaneous equation modeling tools with the Indirect Least Squared method ( ILS) Common Effect. Endogenous variables in the study are economic growth and income inequality. While the exogenous variables are regional fiscal autonomy, tax ratios, labor productivity, investment and the Human Development Index (HDI).The results of the study concluded that (1) the variables of regional fiscal autonomy, tax and investment ratios had a significant effect on economic growth in Java.. (2) Variable economic growth, labor productivity, investment and HDI significantly affect income inequality in Java. The policies that can be suggested are that efforts are needed to increase economic growth with the efforts of the central government together with regional governments to increase Regional Original Revenue (PAD) by optimizing regional potentials. Increasing the potential of this area will encourage the increase of PAD in each region will have an impact on the increasing degree of regional fiscal autonomy (ratio between PAD and Total Regional Revenue). Focus more on equity-oriented development not only on economic growth. Keywords: economic growth, income inequality

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40

davtyan, Karen. "Interrelation among Economic Growth, Income Inequality, and Fiscal Performance: Evidence from Anglo-saxon Countries." Revista Hacienda pública Española 217, no. 2 (June 2016): 37–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.7866/hpe-rpe.16.2.2.

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Zakaria, Muhammad, and Shujat Ali. "Fiscal Marksmanship in Pakistan." LAHORE JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS 15, no. 2 (July 1, 2010): 113–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.35536/lje.2010.v15.i2.a6.

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Using Theil’s inequality coefficient based on the mean square prediction error, this paper evaluates the forecasting efficiency of the central government budget and revised budget estimates in Pakistan for the period 1987/88 to 2007/08 and decomposes the errors into biasedness, unequal variation and random components to analyze the source of error. The results reveal that budgetary forecasting is inefficient in Pakistan and the error is due mainly to exogenous variables (random factors). We also find that neither the budget nor revised budget estimates of revenue and expenditure satisfy the criteria of rational expectations of forecasting. Further, there is very little evidence of improvement in the efficiency of budgetary forecasts over time.

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Cabrera, Maynor, Nora Lustig, and Hilcías E. Morán. "Fiscal Policy, Inequality, and the Ethnic Divide in Guatemala." World Development 76 (December 2015): 263–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2015.07.008.

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Hayes, Thomas J., and D. Xavier Medina Vidal. "Fiscal Policy and Economic Inequality in the U.S. States." Political Research Quarterly 68, no. 2 (March 30, 2015): 392–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1065912915578461.

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Siburian, Matondang Elsa. "Fiscal decentralization and regional income inequality: evidence from Indonesia." Applied Economics Letters 27, no. 17 (October 24, 2019): 1383–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13504851.2019.1683139.

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MUINELO-GALLO, LEONEL, and ORIOL ROCA-SAGALÉS. "ECONOMIC GROWTH AND INEQUALITY: THE ROLE OF FISCAL POLICIES*." Australian Economic Papers 50, no. 2-3 (September 2011): 74–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8454.2011.00412.x.

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NGUYEN, Hung Thanh, Thuy Hoang Ngoc VO, Duc Doan Minh LE, and Vu Thanh NGUYEN. "Fiscal Decentralization, Corruption, and Income Inequality: Evidence from Vietnam." Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business 7, no. 11 (November 30, 2020): 529–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no11.529.

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Liu, Yongzheng, Jorge Martinez-Vazquez, and Alfred M. Wu. "Fiscal decentralization, equalization, and intra-provincial inequality in China." International Tax and Public Finance 24, no. 2 (July 2, 2016): 248–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10797-016-9416-1.

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QIUGE, YAO, HOU DESHUAI, and CHENG LIANG. "Precautionary Saving, Inequality and Fiscal Policy: A Hank Model." ECONOMIC COMPUTATION AND ECONOMIC CYBERNETICS STUDIES AND RESEARCH 55, no. 1/2021 (March 17, 2021): 57–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.24818/18423264/55.1.21.04.

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Macaulay, Alistair. "The attention trap: Rational inattention, inequality, and fiscal policy." European Economic Review 135 (June 2021): 103716. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2021.103716.

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Stanziani, Alessandro. "Scales of Inequality: Nation, Region, Empire." Annales (English ed.) 70, no. 01 (March 2015): 99–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2398568200000996.

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Abstract This article discusses the specificity of Western economies and, within this framework, of inequality as envisaged by Thomas Piketty. To this end, it considers the relevance of national, regional, trans-regional, and above all imperial scales of analysis, particularly in regard to the historical dynamics of development (the “Great Divergence”), the fiscal state, and welfare.

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