Relevant bibliographies by topics / Fiscal Equity Analysis

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Fiscal Equity Analysis'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 24 June 2021
Last updated: 29 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Fiscal Equity Analysis"

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Wulansari, Suci Diana, Bunga Ayufi Rachmaniyah, Krisna Reswara, and Renny Oktavia. "The Impact of Fiscal and Monetary Policies on Indonesia’s Economic Performance: A Critical Analysis." Journal of Regional Economics Indonesia 5, no. 2 (2024): 139–49. https://doi.org/10.26905/jrei.v5i2.12711.

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Fiscal and monetary policies are crucial in steering the direction of a nation’s economy, necessitating coordination to achieve targeted economic growth. This paper explores the character and real-world implementation of fiscal and monetary policies and their implications for Indonesia’s economic direction and performance, based on a literature review. Fiscal policy, primarily shaped by taxation policy, aims to: (i) stimulate economic growth, (ii) promote income distribution equity, and (iii) finance government expenditures. These objectives align with key fiscal priorities, namely: (i) econom
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Gu, Xiaogang. "Analysis of Regulations and Laws Related to Equity Finance." Journal of Economics and Law 1, no. 5 (2024): 83–89. https://doi.org/10.62517/jel.202414511.

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This paper focuses on the analysis of Regulations and laws related to equity finance. It begins by introducing equity finance as a new fiscal model emerging due to the challenges faced by the traditional land finance model. The model offers local State Institutions a new way to obtain revenue and promote economic transformation but also comes with its own set of challenges. The paper then details the regulations support for equity finance at the municipal, national, and local levels, including measures such as adjusting investment Regulations, issuing tax announcements, and implementing trial
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Gu, Xiaogang. "Comparative Study of Equity Finance and Land Finance: Changes and Challenges." Economic Society and Humanities 1, no. 9 (2024): 52–57. https://doi.org/10.62381/e244908.

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This article provides an in-depth analysis of the intrinsic characteristics, advantages, potential risks, and future development prospects of equity finance and land finance. Equity finance refers to the model where relevant department obtain fiscal revenue by holding corporate equity, while land finance is based on land transfer and related tax revenues. Against the backdrop of a sluggish real estate market, land finance faces challenges, whereas equity finance is increasingly valued for its diversified fiscal revenue and long-term growth potential. Although the scale of equity finance is not
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Hodge, David C. "Fiscal Equity in Urban Mass Transit Systems: A Geographic Analysis." Annals of the Association of American Geographers 78, no. 2 (1988): 288–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8306.1988.tb00208.x.

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Verstegen, Deborah A. "Leaving Equity Behind?: A Quantitative Analysis of Fiscal Equity in Nevada’s Public Education Finance System." Journal of Education Finance 39, no. 2 (2013): 132–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jef.2013.a539782.

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Over time, issues of justice and fairness in education finance have been addressed by the courts in all but five states. The key focus has been on illegitimate disparities in funding between rich and poor school districts caused by the happenstance of unequal local wealth. Recently, attention has turned to the relationship between funding gaps and the opportunity gaps that have real and important impacts on student outcomes. This research addresses finance equity by providing a comprehensive analysis of the State of Nevada’s public education funding system. Thus far, Nevada has not been the su
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Arestis, Philip, Hüseyin Şen, and Ayşe Kaya. "Fiscal and monetary policy effectiveness in Turkey: A comparative analysis." Panoeconomicus, no. 00 (2020): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pan190304019a.

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Relying on the Autoregressive Distributed Lag cointegration technique, this paper assesses the comparative effectiveness of the fiscal and monetary policy on output growth in Turkey over the period 2003:q1-2019:q1. The empirical findings show that both policies are effective in promoting output growth but with varying degrees, suggesting that the impact of monetary policy on output growth is more significant than that of fiscal policy. Overall, based on the findings, we can suggest that the Turkish authorities should set sight on monetary policy to achieve higher output growth while seeking wa
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Sweetland, Scott R. "An Exploratory Analysis of the Equity of Ohio School Funding." Journal of Education Finance 40, no. 1 (2014): 80–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jef.2014.a553210.

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This research briefly summarizes a series of Ohio Supreme Court litigation known as DeRolph v. State and then measures the equality of expenditures among Ohio school districts. DeRolph v. State was a high-profile school finance adequacy case. Nevertheless, the high court continuously expressed concern for the financial well-being of poor school districts and notated that school finance equity was important to the provision of educational opportunities. This exploratory study examines school district expenditures per pupil, taxable property valuations per pupil, and school district average inco
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Lubis, Rukiah. "Analysis Relationship of Economic Growth, Fiscal Policies and Demographic to Islamic Human Development Index in Indonesia (Granger Causality Approach)." FITRAH:Jurnal Kajian Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman 6, no. 1 (2020): 31–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.24952/fitrah.v6i1.2490.

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The purpose of study is to analyze the relationship of Economic Growth, Fiscal Policies, and Demographic to Islamic Human Development Index in Indonesia. The analysis method used Granger Causality test in 33 representative provinces. Taked sampling with Criteria Purporsive Sampling method. The results showed that there was relationship between Economic growth to Demographic and Islamic Human Development Index. There was relationship between Demographic to IHDI and fiscal policy in health and education. There was relationship of Fiscal Policy in health to Fiscal Policy in education. Recommendat
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Jero Rai, Ram Kumar. "Issues of Federalism in Nepal: A Political Analysis of Success Factors." NPRC Journal of Multidisciplinary Research 2, no. 6 (2025): 180–92. https://doi.org/10.3126/nprcjmr.v2i6.80894.

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This paper critically examines the evolution, implementation, and challenges of federalism in Nepal, contextualizing it within both theoretical frameworks and global empirical experiences. Drawing on qualitative methods under a critical paradigm, the study employs a systematic review of scholarly literature, legal texts, and institutional reports to analyze Nepal’s federal transition post-2015 Constitution. The paper identifies key structural enablers—such as constitutional clarity, fiscal decentralization, intergovernmental coordination, and local autonomy—and evaluates their operational stat
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Sevilla Torres, Jorge. "Tax harmonization policies in the European Union: analysis compared." Semestre Económico 13, no. 1 (2024): 10–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.26867/se.2024.v13i1.157.

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Within the framework of the European Union (EU), tax harmonization has become an issue of crucial importance to promote economic cohesion and equity among member states. The following article is a historical-comparative study of tax policies in the European Union. It focuses on analyzing the harmonization process that has taken place in the elaboration of these policies, with the focus of study on the Corporate Tax, a fiscal tool of great relevance for companies and national governments. In addition, the different positions and oppositions that have arisen in the face of tax harmonization refo
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fiscal Equity Analysis"

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Scott, David Dennis. "Analysis of Fiscal Equity in Virginia: 2004 - 2020." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/103943.

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The following research completes several statistical analyses of per pupil expenditure data in the Commonwealth of Virginia to assess the degree of fiscal equity in the statewide finance model for public elementary and secondary education. Five years, between 2004 and 2020, were selected for analysis to examine whether trends noted in a 2005 study of fiscal equity in Virginia have remained constant or whether the degree of equity has increased or decreased. A historical overview of the funding of public schools in Virginia and revisions to the Virginia Constitution and its Education Articles
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Van, der Linden Courtney Adele. "An Historical Analysis of Fiscal Equity in the Commonwealth of Virginia: 2004-2018." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/103965.

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This research examines the horizontal and vertical equity of public school funding in the Commonwealth of Virginia from 2004 to 2018. This study analyzed and measured the horizontal and vertical equity funding allocations across each reporting division in the Commonwealth of Virginia from FY2004 to FY2018 in two-year increments reflective of the final year in each biennium where the local composite index (LCI) is calculated. Data were collected for the 132 reporting divisions in the Commonwealth of Virginia including funding amounts, student counts, categorical counts, and average daily member
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Arbogast, II Terry E. "An Historical Analysis on Fiscal Equity in Virginia 1974-2003." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27323.

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The research in this document provides a comprehensive investigation of public K " 12 funding in Virginia over the time period from 1974-75 to 2002-2003. No previous examination has been conducted for the Commonwealth of Virginia that has comprehensively analyzed the data over the life of the current finance formula. Over this approximate thirty-year time period, the trends in fiscal equity among school divisions were determined. The purpose of this research was to provide a better understanding of the current status of funding equity for the Commonwealth of Virginia and to document informatio
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Gates, Rebecca Grace. "Fiscal Equity for At-Risk Students: A Quanitative Analysis of the At-Risk Index Component of the New Mexico Public School Funding Formula." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29703.

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This quantitative research has been designed to investigate fiscal equity for at-risk students in the State of New Mexico. This empirical data analysis compared equity indices before the At-Risk Index was implemented in the New Mexico public school funding formula in FY 1996-97 and after the At-Risk Index was included for FY 1997-98. Formula options based on the premise of vertical equity were reviewed. This research was selected as the 2001 New Scholars Program Award sponsored by the American Education Finance Association and the National Center for Education Statistics. The research model wa
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Hill, Robert Frederick lll. "An historical analysis of policy decisions and the fiscal equity of school funding in Ohio: 1980—2003." Ashland University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ashland1216341836.

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Books on the topic "Fiscal Equity Analysis"

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Pejovich, Svetozar. A political economist's analysis of the Select Committee on Tax Equity and an income tax in Texas. Center for Education and Research in Free Enterprise, Texas A&M University, 1988.

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Caren, Grown, and Valodia Imraan, eds. Taxation and gender equity: A comparative analysis of direct and indirect taxes in developing and developed countries. Routledge, 2010.

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1956-, Bakker Isabella, and Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives., eds. Where are the women?: Gender equity, budgets, and Canadian public policy. Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives, 2008.

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House, Commerce Clearing, ed. Energy Tax Incentives Act of 2005: As signed by the President on August 8, 2005 ; Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act of 2005 : as signed by the President on August 10, 2005 : law, explanation and analysis. CCH, Inc., 2005.

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Incorporated, CCH, ed. Energy Tax Incentives Act of 2005, as signed by the president on August 8, 2005 ; Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act of 2005, as signed by the president on August 10, 2005: Law, explanation and analysis. CCH Incorporated, 2005.

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Rodriguez, Laura, Kajetan Trzcinski, and Matthew Wai-Poi. Fiscal Policy and Equity: Vietnam 2018 Fiscal Incidence Analysis. World Bank, Washington, DC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-10538.

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Bornukova, Kateryna, Gleb Shymanovich, and Alexander Chubrik. Fiscal Incidence in Belarus: A Commitment to Equity Analysis. World Bank, Washington, DC, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-8216.

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Bornukova, Kateryna, Nataliia Leshchenko, and Mikhail Matytsin. Fiscal Incidence in Ukraine: A Commitment to Equity Analysis. World Bank, Washington, DC, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-8765.

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Cojocaru, Alexandru, Mikhail Matytsin, and Valeriu Prohnitchi. Fiscal Incidence in Moldova: A Commitment to Equity Analysis. World Bank, Washington, DC, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-9010.

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Fiscal Incidence in Kyrgyzstan: A Commitment to Equity Analysis. Washington, DC: World Bank, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/41907.

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Book chapters on the topic "Fiscal Equity Analysis"

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Cedro, Marco, Eleonor Kristoffersson, Teresa Pontón Aricha, and Lidija Živković. "Gender Equitable Taxation." In Gender-Competent Legal Education. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14360-1_11.

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AbstractFrom Adam Smith’s 1776 classic “The Wealth of Nations” until modern times, the principle of fairness has remained one of the crucial principles on which tax systems are to be based. However, even modern tax and budgetary systems are far from being gender equitable. This chapter provides an analysis of the ways in which taxation, as well as the subsequent spending of resources collected therewith, influence gender equality within a household, at the workplace and within the broader economy. This analysis should enable the reader to utilise the gender equality principle as a framework fo
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Ihori, Toshihiro. "Tax and Fiscal Policy and Its Evaluation in Japan." In Evidence-Based Policy Analysis. Oxford University PressNew York, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197801826.003.0008.

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Abstract Since the 1990s, Japan’s economic slowdown has led to aggressive fiscal stimulus efforts. This chapter evaluates Japan’s recent tax and fiscal policies, proposing reforms for efficiency and equity based on evidence-based evaluations. It emphasizes long-term supply-side effects, suggesting two key reform strategies: drastically revamping the tax system to enhance efficiency and transparency and raising tax revenues through measures like a consumption tax hike. These reforms aim to address fiscal deficits and build a sustainable public system from a medium- to long-term perspective. To
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Berzhanir, Inna. "ORGANIZATION OF ENTERPRISE EQUITIE’S ACCOUNTING IN THE MODERN CONDITIONS." In Financial resourcing at micro-, meso-, and macrolevels: Social, security, and fiscal dimensions. OKTAN PRINT, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46489/frammam-24-01-03.

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In the current conditions of development of the national economy, the issues of accounting and analysis of equity are of particular relevance, because its presence makes it possible to function effectively to business entities of all forms of ownership. The rational organization of accounting of equity is intended to provide for the peculiarities of formation of equity depending on the organizational and legal form of the enterprise, timely completion of tasks for its planning, control, management and provision of full legal and impartial information about equity at the minimum cost of means a
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Smithers, Andrew. "Corporate Leverage and Household Portfolio Preference." In The Economics of the Stock Market. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192847096.003.0005.

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In an economy in which there are only two sectors, corporations and households, the ratio of debt to equity must be the same in both. If households wish to hold more debt, companies must become more leveraged. Because there are large differences in price elasticities the adjustment occurs through changes in bond yields, rather than in equity returns. Corporate leverage is endogenous and equilibrium is achieved, when fiscal policy and portfolio preference alter, by its response to them via changes in bond yields. Fiscal deficits vary with the cycle, but the possibility of different secular leve
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Teixeira, Glória, and Rômulo Santana. "Justiça fiscal no século XXI." In The Overarching Issues Of The European Area - Moving towards Efficient Societies and Sustainable Ecosystems. Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21747/978-989-9082-88-5/ovea16.

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Current societies are experiencing a moment of historic acceleration provided by the phenomenon of the globalization of economies, enhanced by the digitalization process and the emergence of new technologies, especially in the pandemic. Tax systems are not immune to these changes, in which it is necessary to face the challenges of the present with valid and efficient instruments. The movement of goods, capital and services provides the freedom to invest and transact anywhere in the world, without moving around and through clicks on electronic devices. On the other hand, consumer taxation, pres
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Hymel, Mona L., Roberta F. Mann, and Beth S. Wolfsong1. "Trading Greenbacks For Green Behaviour: Oregon’S And The City Of Portland’s Environmental Incentives." In Critical Issues In Environmental Taxation. Oxford University PressOxford, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199542185.003.0028.

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Abstract Both the State of Oregon and its largest city, Portland, believe environmental stewardship is a top priority. Through fiscal and other economic instruments, they have undertaken a cooperative effort to redevelop the state environmentally. This chapter examines whether the environmental initiatives implemented by Oregon and Portland are effective by weighing the cost of the initiatives against three measures: (1) environmental improvement; (2) impact on economic growth; and (3) equity. This chapter first describes how states and localities use financial incentives to improve the enviro
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Zhang, Ping, Zizhou Bu, Youqiang Wang, and Yilin Hou. "Education outlay, fiscal transfers and interregional funding equity: A county-level analysis of education finance in China." In Value for Money: Budget and financial management reform in the People's Republic of China, Taiwan and Australia. ANU Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22459/vm.01.2018.15.

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Oliveira, Nilton Ribeiro de, Jussara Plácido Rangel Pereira, Clizanto Anacleto Gomes, et al. "Current transfer revenues in the municipal budget of São Mateus, ES (Brazil)." In Themes focused on interdisciplinarity and sustainable development worldwide V. 02. Seven Editora, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/sevened2024.003-058.

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This study aims to understand the effects of current transfer criteria on the municipal budget of São Mateus, ES. It addresses the revenues from current transfers, the budget of São Mateus and its public and budgetary management. We used horizontal and vertical analysis, comparing budget management with another similar state municipality. The results show that São Mateus' budgetary autonomy depends mainly on ICMS and FPM. Budget history and the increase in long-term assets without equity coverage may indicate structural problems. This study quantifies the revenues from current transfers and th
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Machida, Nobuki. "Taxes and Transfers in Japan’s Local Finances." In Local Government Development in Post-war Japan. Oxford University PressOxford, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199248285.003.0004.

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Abstract Japanese local public finances account for roughly 70 per cent of general public expenditure and 80 per cent of public capital formation. This suggests that, in implementation terms at least, local governments play an important role in the provision of public services. The efficiency and equity characteristics of the Japanese local government system are, therefore, likely to have an important effect on regional and national development. The purpose of this chapter is to examine Japan’s intergovernmental relations from a fiscal view point. It is divided into four sections. The first se
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Pandey, Ms Sadhvi, and Ms Arzoo Gupta. "COMPREHENSIVE INVESTIGATION OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF ARYAVART BANK: A DUPONT MODEL APPROACH FOR PROFITS, EFFICIENCY, AND SUSTAINABILITY." In Futuristic Trends in Management Volume 3 Book 18. Iterative International Publisher, Selfypage Developers Pvt Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.58532/v3bfma18p2ch3.

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Financial institutions serve as the foundation of a country's economic landscape, facilitating the provision of loans, infrastructure, and investments necessary for economic advancement. The banking sector, as one of the key institutions, plays a crucial role in propelling economic development and expansion. This study centers on conducting an extensive assessment of Aryavart Bank's performance, which is a Regional Rural Bank. Objectives of Study: The research is guided by specific objectives that aim at examining the bank's financial stability. The primary goals of this research are to evalua
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Conference papers on the topic "Fiscal Equity Analysis"

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Ashikwei, Desmond, Omowumi Iledare, and Eric Amarfio. "Fiscal System Design and Economic Evaluation for Petroleum Resource Development in Ghana (Comparative Analysis Between Fixed Royalty and Sliding Scale Royalty)." In SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/217256-ms.

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Abstract Petroleum fiscal regime defines the extent to which the host government and the prospective investor can apportion risks and share project rewards. Ghana's petroleum industry has become an attractive place for most investors because the current fiscal regime governing the industry is based on old petroleum tax laws and systems and doesn't capture wind-fall profit. In this paper the petroleum fiscal regime currently used in Ghana was modelled, reviewed and evaluated. A proposed progressive fiscal regime was then put forward which has a slidingscale royalty tied to production to increas
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Bulgac, Corina. "The Commercial Bank's Contribution To The Optimization Of Fiscal Management." In 27th International Scientific Conference “Competitiveness and Innovation in the Knowledge Economy”. Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.53486/cike2023.49.

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The purpose of this article is to examine how commercial banks contribute to improving the quality of tax administration, highlighting the essential role these institutions play in the correct collection and reporting of taxes. The author also aims to highlight how banks facilitate the payment of taxes and tax contributions, thus contributing to the simplification of the payment process for both taxpayers and tax authorities. Finally, the purpose of the article is to emphasize the importance of commercial banks in ensuring equity and transparency in the tax system, with an impact on the sustai
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Vieru, Roman, and Liliana Lazari. "Aspects of the income tax of subjects carrying out independent activities." In International Scientific Conference on Accounting ISCA 2024. Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova, 2024. https://doi.org/10.53486/isca2024.25.

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In this research, a study is carried out regarding the examination of the simplified regime regarding the income tax of individuals who carry out retail trade without constituting an organizational-legal form of entrepreneurial activity. The research aims to establish the link between the fiscal regime of individuals carrying out independent activities and other existing taxation regimes. Diversifying the taxation system is important to provide opportunities to all categories of taxpayers, depending on the activities they practice. The adaptation of the taxation system to the needs of the paye
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Ulian, Galina, and Tatiana Covalschi. "Sustainable budgeraty and fiscal policy as the foundation of citizens` welfare." In Rule of Law and Economic Resilience in the Context of Moldova's Accession to the European Union. Moldova State University, 2025. https://doi.org/10.59295/rler2024.32.

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Ensuring the well-being of citizens is one of the basic objectives of fiscal and budgetary policy. Thus, the role of fiscal and budgetary policy in this respect is not limited to identifying the most optimal ways of accumulating resources to cover the state's financing needs and their rational allocation, but also to respecting the rules of budgetary prudence in order to ensure intergenerational equity and a solid foundation of citizens` welfare. In this sense, the present research analyses the role of the budgetary and fiscal policy in ensuring the welfare of citizens, by analysing the way in
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Reports on the topic "Fiscal Equity Analysis"

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Beuermann, Diether, and Jacobus De Hoop. Suriname Poverty and Equity Assessment. Inter-American Development Bank, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0013063.

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This Poverty and Equity Assessment aims to inform efforts to reduce poverty and inequality at what could be an important turning point for Suriname. The assessment was written as Suriname was gradually emerging from a severe macro-fiscal crisis. After the implementation of stringent reforms, the economy is now showing signs of recovery and Suriname is turning attention to longer-term priorities. The analysis provides insight into the characteristics of poverty and inequality in Suriname and opportunities to address them. The picture that emerges is one of human capital deficiencies at the hear
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Diokno-Sicat, Charlotte Justine, Robert Hector Palomar, and Mark Gerald Ruiz. Analysis of the 2023 President's Budget. Philippine Institute for Development Studies, 2022. https://doi.org/10.62986/dp2022.30.

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The 2023 Philippine national budget was drafted on the eve of the election of a new president. While aiming to sustain the recovery from the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and address economic scarring, the new administration needs to manage the implementation of the Mandanas-Garcia Supreme Court Ruling (or Mandanas ruling, which broadens the base for intergovernmental fiscal transfers and fully devolves functions to local governments). Compounding this was the geopolitical tensions in Europe that shook the world in February 2022, disrupting global value chains and triggering the rise in oil
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Ter-Minassian, Teresa, and Andrés Muñoz Miranda. Options for a Reform of the Mexican Intergovernmental Transfer System in Light of International Experiences. Inter-American Development Bank, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004217.

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This paper focuses on the design of intergovernmental transfers to reduce vertical and horizontal fiscal imbalances and improve the performance of subnational governments. It provides an overview of international experiences, especially of large federations, with a view to devising viable options for reform of the transfer system in Mexico. While there is no one-size-fits-all ideal model of design and implementation of intergovernmental transfer systems, this analysis points to some lessons that can inform reforms, including the need to view intergovernmental transfers as an integral part of t
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Ter-Minassian, Teresa. More than Revenue: Main Challenges for Taxation in Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008421.

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This paper aims to provide an overview of the current state of taxation in the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) region, and its main reform needs and options. It previews the findings of recent studies prepared or commissioned by the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) for its forthcoming flagship publication More than Revenue: Taxation as a Development Tool in the -Development in the Americas- series. Reflecting fiscal consolidation imperatives, the main objective of fiscal policies in the region in recent decades has been revenue mobilization, often at the expense of efficiency and equity
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Niesten, Hannelore. Taxation and Gender in Asia and the Pacific: A Review of Gender Equality Provisions in Fiscal Legal Frameworks. Asian Development Bank, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/wps230271-2.

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Tax systems and policies in the Asia and Pacific region contribute to—or hinder—gender equality in several socioeconomic dimensions, including labor force participation and the distribution of income and household unpaid care. This report assesses key aspects of fiscal policies and legislation that affect gender equality by establishing a comprehensive baseline of reliable legal and tax information, supported by economy-specific case studies. It emphasizes the need for further gender analysis and underscores the potential of tax policies to drive desired socioeconomic outcomes, enhance labor f
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Arora, Sanjana, and Olena Koval. Norway Country Report. University of Stavanger, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/usps.232.

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This report is part of a larger cross-country comparative project and constitutes an account and analysis of the measures comprising the Norwegian national response to the COVID-19 pandemic during the year of 2020. This time period is interesting in that mitigation efforts were predominantly of a non-medical nature. Mass vaccinations were in Norway conducted in early 2021. With one of the lowest mortality rates in Europe and relatively lower economic repercussions compared to its Nordic neighbours, the Norwegian case stands unique (OECD, 2021: Eurostat 2021; Statista, 2022). This report presen
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