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1
Michael, Maynard, ed. The perfect leader: All you need to get it right first time. London: Random House, 1999.
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2
Laughlin, Lynda Lvonne. Maternity leave and employment patterns of first-time mothers: 1961-2008. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, U.S. Census Bureau, 2011.
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3
Barbara, Downs, and U. S. Census Bureau, eds. Maternity leave and employment patterns of first-time mothers: 1961-2000. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, U.S. Census Bureau, 2005.
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4
Desktop guide to restoring dignity & leadership: How to restore the dignity and leadership that have been engineered out of the workforce ; a how-to manual for first-time supervisors and a refresher for leaders. Midvale, Utah: B & K Solutions, 1999.
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5
Baldini, Michela, and Teresa Spignoli, eds. L'Approdo. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-8453-617-4.
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In December 1945 the "L'Approdo" transmissions were launched at the RAI headquarters in Florence. The radio programme, one of the most important in Italy at the time, went on the air up to 1977, being accompanied from 1952 by a magazine and from 1963 to 1972 by a television programme. The three parallel cultural "enterprises" boasted an impressive number of important collaborators, gravitating around the decisive figure of Carlo Betocchi as leader and organiser. Nevertheless, despite its significance, even the adventure of "L'Approdo" was destined to die. When the transmissions and the publication of the magazine ceased, an entire cultural élite had to come to terms not only with the objective difficulties, but with a crisis of trust and of commitment in the face of what were now irreversible changes in the country. Yet – precisely because "L'Approdo" had battled for an approach that was destined to become minority with the triumph of the new media society – the retrieval of its history and the reconstruction through voices, pages and images of one of the first examples of encounter and mediation between culture and communication appears particularly significant. The methods and the emphatic planning of the entire experience emerge clearly from the first issue of the magazine, produced here in anastatic reprint, and above all from the enclosed CD-Rom which proposes, along with the tables of contents of "L'Approdo", the files and records of the entire correspondence (over 20,000 unpublished pieces) and details of the surviving scripts of the transmissions… In short, we finally have at our disposal material that enables us to reconstruct – through the traces of a programme and a magazine and of the intellectuals who collaborated on them – thirty years of culture and utopia, of compromise and enthusiasm, clustered around the birth, growth and death of an articulated project of "cultural policy".
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Regulation, United States Congress Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources Subcommittee on Energy Production and. FERC licensed hydro projects and OCS oil and gas leases: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Energy Production and Regulation of the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, United States Senate, One Hundred Fourth Congress, first session, on S. 1012, to extend the time for construction of certain FERC licensed hydro projects, S. 1014, to improve the management of royalties from federal and Outer Continental Shelf oil and gas leases, and for other purposes, September 14, 1995. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1996.
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7
Rucellai, Bernardo. "De bello italico". La guerra d'Italia. Edited by Donatella Coppini. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6453-228-8.
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«In such confusion of affairs, likely to lead to new disturbances, began the year one thousand four hundred and ninety-four […], a most unhappy year for Italy and in truth the beginning of the years of misfortune, because it opened the door to innumerable, horrible calamities.». This is the opening of the sixth chapter in the first book of the famous History of Italy by Francesco Guicciardini which, for the events of that unhappy year and those that immediately followed, draws extensively on the incomparably less well-known and popular De bello italico by Bernardo Rucellai, as demonstrated by his autograph summary of the Latin work and certain coincidences. In many ways a forerunner of the later great historical works, traversed by a line of thought and by reflections of undeniable modernity, the story of the descent into Italy of the 'monster' Charles VIII, seen through the eyes of a Florentine oligarch nostalgic for the regime of Lorenzo and hostile towards Piero de' Medici and his insane politics, deserves to be rediscovered. Based on the only existing manuscript, Rucellai's work is presented here for the first time in a modern edition, representing the very first Italian translation.
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Bradt, George B., and Gillian Davis. First-Time Leader: Foundational Tools for Inspiring and Enabling Your New Team. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2014.
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9
Bradt, George B., and Gillian Davis. First-Time Leader: Foundational Tools for Inspiring and Enabling Your New Team. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2014.
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10
Inside the New Age Nightmare: For the First Time Ever...a Former Top New Age Leader Takes You on a Dramatic Journey. Huntington House Publishiers, 1989.
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11
First-Time Leaders of Small Groups. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2007.
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12
Kellerman, Barbara. Future. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190695781.003.0004.
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The chapter moves from where learning to lead was and is, to where it could go. It explores three domains to which attention must be paid. First is meaning-making—specifically the meaning we make of becoming a leader. Second is developing—specifically changing and growing during adulthood. Third is learning—specifically learning to lead lifelong, notably, again, during adulthood. The focus is on three different terms that, for no good reason, are used interchangeably: leadership education, leadership training, and leadership development. Finally, the discussion homes in on leadership development, which, not incidentally, is related to adult development. Why? Because limiting leadership learning to a limited period limits leadership learning, period. We can agree that it generally takes years or even decades to develop a first-rate professional cook, say, or a first-rate professional pianist. Time to apply the same standard to becoming a leader—a first-rate professional leader.
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Gilham, Jamie. Abdullah Quilliam, First and Last ‘Sheikh-ul-Islam of the British Isles’. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190688349.003.0007.
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This chapter provides a detailed examination of Abdullah Quilliam’s role as the first – and only – "Shaykh-ul-Islam of the British Isles." The title of Shaykh-ul-Islam was conferred on Quilliam by the Ottoman Sultan in 1892 and effectively made him the supreme authority on Islam and leader of Muslims in Britain. This chapter argues that, though honorific, the role was strategically important for the Ottoman Turks, who believed that Quilliam could be trusted to work in the interests of their empire at a time when the European powers were threatening its dismantlement. This chapter shows that Quilliam took the role equally seriously and that the "office" of the Shaykh-ul-Islam enabled him not only to represent the Liverpool Muslim community at civic events but also, to some extent, to lead and speak on behalf of Muslims and for Islam nationally and internationally.
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Klinger, William, and Denis Kuljis. Tito's Secret Empire. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197572429.001.0001.
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This groundbreaking biography of Marshal Tito of Yugoslavia presents many startling new revelations, among them his role as an international revolutionary leader and his relationship with Winston Churchill. It highlights his early years as a Comintern operative, the context for his later politics as a leader of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM). The authors argue that in the 1940s, between the dissolution of the Comintern and the rise of NAM, Tito's influence and ambition were far wider than has been understood, extending to Italy, France, Greece and Spain via the international communist networks established during the Spanish Civil War. The book discloses for the first time the connection between Tito's expulsion from the Cominform and the Rome assassination attempt on the Italian Communist Party leader, Palmiro Togliatti — the man who had plotted to overthrow Tito. The book offers a pivotal contribution to our understanding of Tito as a figure of real, rather than imagined, global significance. The book will reward those who are interested in the history of international Communism, the Cold War and the Non-Aligned Movement, or in Tito the man — one of the most significant leaders of the twentieth century.
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Rey, Terry. Romaine-la-Prophétesse. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190625849.003.0003.
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Although arguably no insurgent leader in the early stage of the Haitian Revolution had a greater concrete impact than Romaine-la-Prophétesse, scholars have thus far focused more attention on maroon leaders in the North Province of Saint-Domingue, like Makaya, Boukman, and Jean-François. Entitled “Romaine-la-Prophétesse,” and based on extensive research of primary source material, this chapter provides a detailed biography of Romaine Rivière, a black immigrant from the Spanish side of the island of Hispaniola, who was transformed from a respected coffee farmer into a religiously inspired, gender-bending warlord in the colony’s West Province. The chapter’s principal categories of analysis are religion, race, gender/sexuality, marronage, and royalism, providing what is not only the most extensive biographical portrait of Romaine but of any insurgent leader during the first stage of the Haitian Revolution. The time period covered is 1750 to 1791, or Romaine’s life up until the Trou Coffy insurgency.
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First-Time Leaders of Small Groups: How to Create High Performing Committees, Task Forces, Clubs and Boards. Jossey-Bass, 2007.
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17
Warfield, Patrick. A Presidential Musician. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252037795.003.0005.
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This chapter examines the first part of John Philip Sousa's tenure as leader of the United States Marine Band and shows how he worked to stabilize that ensemble's membership and modernize its repertoire. The following day after Sousa and his wife arrive in Washington in 1880, he enlisted in the Marine Corps for the third time, now as the band's seventeenth director, its youngest leader, and its first American-born conductor. Given the nature of Sousa's later fame, his appointment to the Marine Band seems only natural. But at this stage of his career he had never led a band or military ensemble. He was a published composer, but very little of his music was for ensembles of winds alone, and marches were not yet an important part of his output. Despite this lack of experience, Sousa's new appointment was little more than a fine-tuning of his career.
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Smith, Tony. Liberal Internationalism from George W. Bush to Barack Obama. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691154923.003.0013.
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This chapter examines the United States' liberal democratic internationalism from George W. Bush to Barack Obama. It first considers the Bush administration's self-ordained mission to win the “global war on terrorism” by reconstructing the Middle East and Afghanistan before discussing the two time-honored notions of Wilsonianism espoused by Democrats to make sure that the United States remained the leader in world affairs: multilateralism and nation-building. It then explores the liberal agenda under Obama, whose first months in office seemed to herald a break with neoliberalism, and his apparent disinterest in the rhetoric of democratic peace theory, along with his discourse on the subject of an American “responsibility to protect” through the promotion of democracy abroad. The chapter also analyzes the Obama administration's economic globalization and concludes by comparing the liberal internationalism of Bush and Obama.
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Shams, Fatemeh. A Revolution in Rhyme. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198858829.001.0001.
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A Revolution in Rhyme: Poetic Co-option under the Islamic Republic offers, for the first time, an original, timely examination of the pivotal role poetry plays in policy, power and political legitimacy in modern-day Iran. Through a compelling chronological and thematic framework, Shams presents fresh insights into the emerging lexicon of coercion and unrest in the modern Persian canon. Analysis of the lives and work of ten key poets traces the evolution of the Islamic Republic, from the 1979 Revolution, through to the Iran-Iraq War, the death of a leader and the rise of internal conflicts. Ancient forms jostle against didactic ideologies, exposing the complex relationship between poetry, patronage and literary production in authoritarian regimes, shedding light on a crucial area of discourse that has been hitherto overlooked.
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Hennessey, Thomas, Máire Braniff, James W. McAuley, Jonathan Tonge, and Sophie A. Whiting. The Ulster Unionist Party. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198794387.001.0001.
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This book undertakes the first detailed membership study of the Ulster Unionist Party (UUP). The UUP was the dominant political party in Northern Ireland during the twentieth century, but since the 1998 Belfast Agreement, the UUP has struggled to retain the loyalty and affection of many within the majority Protestant-Unionist-British community. The Belfast Agreement was internationally lauded, the UUP leader David Trimble feted with a Nobel Peace Prize.The Agreement largely produced by the UUP established power-sharing between unionists and nationalists. Yet many unionists abandoned the UUP. Many defectors, angered by UUP concessions of paramilitary prisoner releases, policing changes, and ‘terrorists’ in government, wanted a more robust defender of unionist interests. Having switched to the one-time ferociously religious and militant DUP, they have not returned to the UUP. This book analyses these developments and the current state of the Party, particularly through the prism of its (still sizeable) membership. It draws upon the first-ever quantitative study of those members, examining who they are; how and why they joined; why they have stayed loyal to their party; how they view those who defected and where the UUP is heading. The volume also uses a wide range of interviews with members at all levels of the Party and with its five most recent leaders, to analyse views on the UUP’s electoral and political difficulties and how they might be reversed. The book draws upon historical, political, and sociological perspectives in analysing the identities of UUP members and their perceptions of a wide range of contemporary issues, covering political institutions, other parties, social change, moral issues, religion, and voting.
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Reiser, Dana Brakman, and Steven A. Dean. Evaluating the Current Menu of Legal Forms for Social Enterprise. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190249786.003.0004.
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This chapter shows why legal forms recently developed to house social enterprise, such as the benefit corporation, leave social mission vulnerable to unilateral termination. Benefit corporation statutes grant shareholders unfettered discretion to discard social mission at any time. L3C statutes grant the same autonomy to entrepreneurs. In either case, the entity’s social mission can be shed without penalty, so adopting the form provides little reassurance of entrepreneurs’ and investors’ commitments. The chapter traces this weakness in part to the statutes’ inadequate mandate that adopting entities “do both” profit-making and social good generation. Without guidance to organizational leaders on how much of each objective to produce and which to prioritize when they conflict, entrepreneurs and investors do not know what to expect. This first generation of social enterprise law achieved an important expressive victory, but it represents only a first step towards creating a legal regime that helps them to flourish.
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Desan, Philippe. The Public Life of Montaigne. Edited by Philippe Desan. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190215330.013.7.
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Montaigne’s public life extends over more than thirty years—from 1556 to 1588. His first career was as a member of the parlement from 1554 to 1570, one that reflected the desire of his father, Pierre Eyquem. After leaving his post of councilor in the parlement of Bordeaux, he displayed his diplomatic ambitions, which were not rewarded. In 1581, Montaigne was appointed mayor of Bordeaux for two years; he was reelected to this position in 1583. After his term of office ended, for a time he played the role of negotiator between Henry III and the leader of the Protestant party, Henry of Navarre. Imprisoned in 1588, he abandoned all political ambitions and ended his public life before retiring to his château. The public life of Montaigne allows us to consider the Essays as an attempt at political reappropriation in the aftermath of the Saint Bartholomew’s Day massacre.
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Manko, Katina. Ding Dong! Avon Calling! Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190499822.001.0001.
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The Avon Lady was a woman who sold cosmetics door-to-door and earned commissions on her sales. In the 1950s, she became famous in a long-running advertising campaign that featured a two-chime doorbell, “Ding Dong!,” followed by the greeting “Avon Calling!” At that time, more than 250,000 women worked as Avon Ladies, and together they represented the largest female direct sales force in the world. Avon began as the California Perfume Company in 1886. Its founder, David McConnell, had sought to provide women with an independent business opportunity largely hoping to soften the seedy reputation of itinerant peddlers. When the company created the Avon brand of cosmetics in the 1930s, changing its name to Avon Products in 1939, it stood as a leader in the direct selling industry and the only company to hire women exclusively as its representatives. This history explores the business of those representatives and the way they were managed. In the second half of the twentieth century, Avon became the largest direct sales company in the United States, spurred by a growing white suburban market. Avon hesitated until the late 1960s to develop recruiting and sales in the African American market, but by the 1970s it was regarded as a leader in affirmative action programs to diversify its workplace and promote women in management. Still, Avon’s executive suite remained a male preserve until Andrea Jung became its first female CEO in 1999. Although Avon closed its doors in 2016, it had earned a solid reputation as a company by women, and for women.
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Ryan, Eileen. Religion and Power in the Fascist Colonies. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190673796.003.0006.
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Idris al-Sanusi’s departure and the rise of the fascist regime in Italy introduced a new phase in the Italian occupation of Libya. The Sanusiyya came to be redefined as an anticolonial Islamic force rather than an intermediary of state authority. Under the leadership of Mussolini’s first minister of colonies, Luigi Federzoni, the Italian colonial administration moved away from attempts to negotiate authority through Sanusi mediation, though this shift occurred gradually. At the same time, Federzoni introduced a firm commitment to a Catholic identity in Italian imperial expansion. This hardening of divisions culminated in the military campaign known as the reconquest of the Libyan interior in the late 1920s. The symbolic end of the campaign occurred with the capture and execution of the Sanusi military leader ‘Umar al-Mukhtar in 1931. Declaring Libya open for mass colonization, the fascist colonial administration imagined a territory that would become fully Italian and fully Catholic.
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Hood, Christopher, and Rozana Himaz. Fiscal Squeeze in the 1990s. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198779612.003.0009.
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This chapter describes a long-drawn-out fiscal squeeze in the 1990s against the background of another sharp recession triggered by financial crisis. This episode spans the reigns of a divided Conservative Government which was unexpectedly re-elected in the 1992 election after changing its leader following a major tax revolt, but nevertheless succeeded in restraining public spending growth relative to growing GDP, and the early years of the succeeding ‘New Labour’ Government led by Tony Blair after a landslide victory in the 1997 election. The episode is notable for post-election tax hikes by both governments and for the fact that spending restraint plans announced by one government were followed by its successor for the first time since the 1920s—following a so-called ‘bear trap’ approach by the Conservatives, of announcing spending targets beyond their electoral term and challenging their political opponents to either accept those targets or face charges of planning a ‘tax bombshell’.
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Orleck, Annelise. Coming of Age: The Shock of the Shops and the Dawning of Political Consciousness, 1900–1909. University of North Carolina Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469635910.003.0001.
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Chapter 1 traces Schneiderman’s, Newman’s, Cohn’s and Lemlich’s early years in New York garment shops at a time when electric sewing machines were doubling the speed at which workers were expected to produce. It examines their first exposure to “the Jewish labor movement,” their battles with male union leaders, their early attempts to organize young women garment workers, prior to 1909.
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Brazier, Rodney. Choosing a Prime Minister. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198859291.001.0001.
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This unique book for the first time makes a precise analysis of all the possible circumstances in which a politician can become, and cease to be, the British Prime Minister. A critical examination is made of all the relevant constitutional conventions, precedents, non-legal codes, historical events, and law. Of the holders of the office since 1902 (the starting date for the book) more individuals have obtained the office in circumstances other than following a General Election. The book follows a sequence beginning with how a Prime Minister can lose power (for example losing an election, illness, death, a party coup, or retirement), then examines the procedures that might have to be followed (including any need for a caretaker during an interregnum, and how a person can be elected leader of his or her party), and considers at length the ways in which a person can become Prime Minister. The book concludes with a chapter examining whether all this could be made more accessible in a code, and a draft of one is provided at the end of the book.
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Van Bendegem, Jean Paul. The Possibility of Discrete Time. Edited by Craig Callender. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199298204.003.0007.
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This chapter examines the possibility of discrete time. At first sight, the answer seems trivial, but actually, it raises a number of interesting questions, both philosophical and scientific. First, the chapter explains what interpretations of discrete time are not considered. Then, it addresses two key philosophical problems: if there are such things as chronons, smallest “bits” of time, do they have extensions and can a distance function, that is, a duration, be defined on them? Second, the chapter discusses the relation between discrete time and discrete space, showing that the former implies the latter. Thus, with applications in mind, both time and space are to be seen as discrete. This leads, third, to the hardest problem of all: whether discrete time is applicable in physical theories.
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Sharfstein, Joshua M. Communications and Politics. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190697211.003.0008.
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An effective communications approach starts with a basic dictum set forth by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: “Be first, be right, be credible.” Agencies must establish themselves as vital sources of accurate information to maintain the public’s trust. At the same time, public health officials must recognize that communications play out in the context of ideological debates, electoral rivalries, and other political considerations. During a public health crisis, this means that health officials often need to constructively engage political leaders in communications and management. Navigating these waters in the middle of a crisis can be treacherous. Figuring out the best way to engage elected leaders is a core aspect of political judgment.
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Weighill, Rob, and Florence Gaub. The Cauldron. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190916220.001.0001.
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NATO’s Libya Operation was a first in several ways: the first time the alliance operated in an Arab and African country, the first time Arab partners participated in kinetic missions, the first time it executed a UN mandate designed to protect civilians and the first time the United States were not in the lead. This book is the first one to tell the operation’s story from all sides concerned: spanning the hallways of the United Nations in New York, NATO Headquarters in Brussels and, crucially, the two operational epicenters: the Libyan battlefield, and Joint Force Command Naples, which was in charge of the mission. Weighill and Gaub offer a comprehensive exploration of both the war's progression and the many challenges NATO faced, from its extremely rapid planning and limited understanding of Libya and its forces, to training shortfalls and the absence of post-conflict planning.
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Jones, David K. Idaho. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190677237.003.0004.
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Idaho was the only state in the nation led entirely by Republicans that chose to run its own health insurance exchange. There were many twists along the way, including the rejection of federal grants, nullification bills, a veto, and an executive order. The issue split Republicans, with enough joining the Democrats to pass legislation. Prominent interest groups strongly supported state control, although they faced intense opposition from the Tea Party and conservative groups. Governor Butch Otter played a prominent role, working with key legislative leaders who happened to have particular expertise in health policy. However, the decision was made too late and the state did not have time to set up its exchange in time for the first enrollment period. It relied on the federal website the first year but had its own fully functional website one year later.
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Winter, Stefan. Imperial Reform and Internal Colonization. Princeton University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691167787.003.0006.
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This chapter highlights major trends in Ottoman and Syrian history affecting the ʻAlawi community in the nineteenth century. It begins by showing that the ʻAlawi notability increasingly came into conflict with semiautonomous local officials during the breakdown of Ottoman imperial authority at the start of the century, causing the community as a whole to be cast as heretics and outcasts from Ottoman society for the first time. Faced with increasing discrimination and abuse by provincial officials, ʻAlawi feudal leaders nonetheless continued to support the diffuse authority of the Ottoman Empire over the intrusive statism of the Egyptian regime between 1832 and 1840. The ʻAlawi community was then increasingly subjected to repressive social engineering measures under the Tanzimat and the reign of Abdülhamid II, including military conscription and conversion. At the same time, however, while resisting efforts at assimilation, the ʻAlawis also began to avail themselves of the benefits of modern public schooling and proportional representation on newly instituted municipal councils, thereby finding their voice as a political community for perhaps the first time.
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Vincent, Mary. Spain. Edited by R. J. B. Bosworth. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199594788.013.0020.
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This article examines the different facets of Spanish fascism. The Spanish fascist project was essentially secular. For perhaps the first time on the Spanish right, fascism offered a radical break with the past. The reliance on religion, which had for some time defined the essential difference between left and right in Spain, was reworked to make Catholicism a national attribute. Francoism, meanwhile, was a hybrid, the result of a profound dialectic that existed between all sections of the anti-republican right during the 1930s. Fascism provided the dynamism, rhetoric, and mobilizing force that proved to be invaluable assets during the Civil War, while the Falange Española peopled Franco's New State as soldiers, killers, leaders, and officials. Falangism always existed within a wider and more general right-wing discourse and ideology that may have eventually undermined an identifiable fascism, but which had also brought it into existence in the first place.
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Stevens, Daryl, ed. Growing Crops with Reclaimed Wastewater. CSIRO Publishing, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643093522.
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This comprehensive work examines the fundamentals required for reclaimed water schemes to deliver sustainable farming operations that achieve the yield and quality of produce necessary for acceptance in the market.
Growing Crops with Reclaimed Wastewater reviews the historical background of water treatment, its use and disposal from Australian wastewater treatment facilities and the technologies now utilised to treat our wastewater for reuse. The major concerns of chemical, physical and pathological qualities of reclaimed water are addressed, ensuring that the environmental, economic and social requirements of today’s society are met.
It reviews the state and national regulatory requirements and guidelines that have made Australia a world leader in the management of reclaimed water and also examines the guidance in the United States of America (Federal) and in California, the World Health Organization guidance and the situation in Israel.
This is the first time such a definitive review has been produced on the use of wastewater for horticulture and it will be a key tool for decision makers, researchers and practitioners to understand the main issues and constraints. It will be of particular interest to agricultural scientists, waste and horticulture consultants, engineers, planners, state agencies, environmental officers and students.
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Martschukat, Jürgen. American Fatherhood. Translated by Petra Goedde. NYU Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479892273.001.0001.
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This book explains the unbending ideal of the nuclear family and how it has seeped so deeply into American society and consciousness without ever becoming the actual norm for most people in the nation. It presents the rich diversity of family lives in American history from the American Revolution to the twenty-first century and at the same time the persistence and normative power of the nuclear family model. American society—one of the major arguments—is “governed through the family,” and to govern, in this sense, is “to structure the possible field of action.” To make this broad examination of the discourse and practice of the family in American life more accessible, this book focuses on the relations of fathers, families, and society. Throughout American history “the father” has been posed as provider and moral leader of his family, American society, and the nation. At the same time power and difference were established around “the father,” and fatherhood meant many different things for different people. To tell this history of fatherhood, families, and American society, the author presents biographical “close-ups” of twelve iconic characters, embedded in contextual “long shots” so that readers can see the enduring power of the family and father ideals along with the complexity and varieties of everyday life in American history. Each protagonist covers a crucial period or event in American history, presents a different family constellation, and makes a different argument with regard to how American society is governed through the family.
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Smith, Eric C. Oliver Hart and the Rise of Baptist America. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197506325.001.0001.
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Oliver Hart was arguably the most important evangelical leader of the pre-Revolutionary South. For thirty years the pastor of the Charleston Baptist Church, Hart’s energetic ministry breathed new life into that congregation and the struggling Baptist cause in the region. As the founder of the Charleston Baptist Association, Hart did more than any single person to lay the foundations for the institutional life of the Baptist South, while also working extensively with evangelicals of all denominations to spread the revivalism of the Great Awakening across the lower South. One reason for Hart’s extensive influence is the uneasy compromise he made with white Southern culture, most apparent in his willingness to sanctify rather than challenge the institution of slavery, as his more radical evangelical predecessors had done. While this capitulation gained Hart and his fellow Baptists access to Southern culture, it would also sow the seeds of disunion in the larger American denomination Hart worked so hard to construct. Oliver Hart and the Rise of Baptist America is the first modern biography of Oliver Hart, at the same time interweaving the story of the remarkable transformation of America’s Baptists across the long eighteenth century. It provides perhaps the most complete narrative of the early development of one of America’s largest, most influential, and most understudied religious groups.
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Kennedy, John James, and Yaojiang Shi. Lost and Found. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190917425.001.0001.
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Between 1979 and 2010 local leaders and rural families across China concealed the existence of millions of girls from government officials and the national census. The single child policy (1979–2015) was introduced in 1979, and the central government’s goal was to reduce population growth through strict birth control. Yet, at the same time, many rural parents had strong incentives not to comply with the birth control policy because under economic reforms in the 1980s and 1990s, larger families meant increased labor and income. However, most journalists and scholars reported that the combination of a strictly enforced central policy and a historical preference for sons had led to a stark gender imbalance, with an abnormally higher number of males being born than females. The result was an estimated 20 million “missing girls” in the population from 1980 to 2010. Most demographers have believed that this dearth of girls has been due to widespread sex-selective abortion and infanticide. Yet quantitative analysis of China census data and qualitative interviews with rural parents and local leaders suggest that at least half of the “missing girls” were hidden in China. This was due to two key factors. First was the discretion to implement central policy that street-level bureaucrats and local leaders have. There was mutual noncompliance between rural families and village leaders, such that rural parents did not immediately register additional children and local leaders underreported illegal births to higher authorities. Second is the increasing value of daughters and equal preference for sons and daughters over the last several decades.
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Rosenberg, Michael. “Trustworthy Women” and Other Witnesses. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190845896.003.0004.
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Second Temple and early Rabbinic texts modify and adapt the virginity test of Deuteronomy 22 to fit their own legal concerns as, for example, by replacing bloodied sheets with midwives’ examinations. However, all of these works maintain the fundamental assumption of Deuteronomy, namely, that a woman’s virginity can be read through the remainders of physical violence committed in the act of first-time penetrative intercourse. The measures of virginity—bloodied sheets and ruptured genitalia—thus come to define the very meaning of virginity. At the same time, uncertainty about the sufficiency of such measures to establish the chastity of the bride emerge in the recognition that nonvaginal intercourse leaves behind no measurable physical traces.
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Matzko, Paul. The Radio Right. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190073220.001.0001.
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By the early 1960s, and for the first time in history, most Americans across the nation could tune their radio to a station that aired conservative programming from dawn to dusk. People listened to these shows in remarkable numbers; for example, the broadcaster with the largest listening audience, Carl McIntire, had a weekly audience of twenty million, or one in nine American households. For the sake of comparison, that is a higher percentage of the country than would listen to conservative talk radio host Rush Limbaugh forty years later. As this Radio Right phenomenon grew, President John F. Kennedy responded with the most successful government censorship campaign of the last half century. Taking the advice of union leader Walter Reuther, the Kennedy administration used the Internal Revenue Service and the Federal Communications Commission to pressure stations into dropping conservative programs. This book reveals the growing power of the Radio Right through the eyes of its opponents using confidential reports, internal correspondence, and Oval Office tape recordings. With the help of other liberal organizations, including the Democratic National Committee and the National Council of Churches, the censorship campaign muted the Radio Right. But by the late 1970s, technological innovations and regulatory changes fueled a resurgence in conservative broadcasting. A new generation of conservative broadcasters, from Pat Robertson to Ronald Reagan, harnessed the power of conservative mass media and transformed the political landscape of America.
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Scott, Dominic, and R. Edward Freeman. Models of Leadership in Plato and Beyond. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198837350.001.0001.
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This book draws on Plato’s philosophy to throw light on contemporary leadership theory and practice. It combines an account of his thought with applications to modern case studies and approaches, in both politics and business. Rather than attempting to give a single ‘one-size-fits-all’ definition of leadership, his strategy was to break it into its different strands. He presents several ‘models’ of leadership, most of them images or analogies: the leader as doctor, navigator, artist, teacher, shepherd, weaver, or sower. Each model points to features of leadership that we intuitively recognize to be important (e.g. curing a social malaise, charting a new course, or weaving together the social fabric). Some were already in wide circulation in Plato’s time, like the shepherd and the navigator. What he did was to make them much richer and more complex. The book goes through the models individually, setting out the essentials of Plato’s thought and then illustrating each model with modern case studies—eighteen in total, including presidents, CEOs, and Nobel laureates. There is also a chapter comparing Plato’s models with four recent leadership approaches. Highly innovative in its approach, this book presupposes no prior knowledge of Plato, although those familiar with his philosophy will find it a fruitful way of re-reading his work. But the focus is first and foremost on leadership, rather than celebrating Plato’s achievements: the priority is to present a multi-faceted approach, which does justice to the complex phenomenon of leadership.
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Meilinger, Phillip S. Thoughts on War. University Press of Kentucky, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5810/kentucky/9780813178899.001.0001.
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In these provocative essays, military historian Phillip Meilinger explores timeless issues. Beginning with an iconoclastic look at the ideas of Carl von Clausewitz, Meilinger sees an unfortunate influence due to an emphasis on bloody battle, combined with a Euro-centric worldview. Moreover, Clausewitz’s dictum that war is an extension of policy actually says very little to guide modern world leaders. Other essays examine the nature of war in the twenty-first century, principles of war, the meaning of decisive victory, the importance of second front operations, the influence of time in battle, and a look at the first major amphibious and joint campaign of World War II in Norway. He also notes the crucial role played by service culture, and his controversial look at the American military tradition reveals that the US military has played a major role in politics throughout our history. An essay on unity of command in the Pacific during World War II reveals interservice rivalry and conflicting strategic views. Strategic bombing in World War II depended on new analytical tools, such as intelligence gathering. The United States Strategic Bombing Survey examined the results of those bombing campaigns in depth. The United States now engages in wars of choice and requires an international mandate to intervene to restore peace or destroy a terrorist group. We must therefore limit risk and cost, especially to the civilian populace. This leads to a new paradigm emphasizing the use of airpower, special operations forces, intelligence gathering and dissemination systems, and indigenous ground forces.
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Laver, Michael, and Ernest Sergenti. The Evolutionary Dynamics of Decision Rule Selection. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691139036.003.0008.
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This chapter extends the survival-of-the-fittest evolutionary environment to consider the possibility that new political parties, when they first come into existence, do not pick decision rules at random but instead choose rules that have a track record of past success. This is done by adding replicator-mutator dynamics to the model, according to which the probability that each rule is selected by a new party is an evolving but noisy function of that rule's past performance. Estimating characteristic outputs when this type of positive feedback enters the dynamic model creates new methodological challenges. The simulation results show that it is very rare for one decision rule to drive out all others over the long run. While the diversity of decision rules used by party leaders is drastically reduced with such positive feedback in the party system, and while some particular decision rule is typically prominent over a certain period of time, party systems in which party leaders use different decision rules are sustained over substantial periods.
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Rosen, Frederick. 3. Socrates. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hepl/9780198708926.003.0003.
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This chapter examines some of Socrates' key political ideas. Socrates was the first philosopher to see the connections and the potential opposition between the search for truth and the world of politics. Among Socrates' most important ideas are the so-called Socratic paradoxes, the method of question and answer (the elenchus), and the use of craft analogies. The chapter first provides a biographical background on Socrates and some information about him before discussing the Socratic paradoxes and the elenchus. It then describes the trial of Socrates through Plato's dialogues Apology and Crito. Socrates shows how the quest for wisdom challenges the acknowledged experts and leaders in society, but at the same time looks for points of reconciliation so that politics will not be wholly devoid of contact with truth and justice. The chapter also considers Socrates' political philosophy and concludes with an assessment of his attachment to Athenian democracy.
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Porter, Patrick. Epilogue. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198807964.003.0007.
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The Epilogue offers two speeches to leave the matter for readers to judge. First, there is the televised address Prime Minister Tony Blair gave on the eve of war, outlining the logic of his position and asking for support. And there is an alternative address that a British premier could had given, against military action, setting out an alternative logic of restraint. It draws on arguments and warnings made and neglected at the time, and developed in this book.
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Soderlund, Jean R. Quaker Women in Lenape Country. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198814221.003.0013.
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This chapter examines the central role of Quaker women during the years 1675–1710 in developing the first colony founded by members of the Society of Friends in North America. As individuals, women Friends helped to fashion a multicultural society consistent with Quaker beliefs in religious liberty and pacifism by maintaining amicable relations with the Lenape Indians and non-Quaker European settlers. At the same time, however, Friends failed to acknowledge the inconsistency of exploiting enslaved African Americans with Quaker ideals. As leaders of the Salem, Burlington, Chesterfield, and Newton (later Haddonfield) monthly meetings, Quaker women also helped to shape West New Jersey society by strengthening rules of discipline to prevent their children and other Friends from marrying non-Quakers and adopting ‘outward vanities’.
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Bellamy, Alex J. At the Crossroads. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198777939.003.0009.
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This chapter suggests that military government became entrenched in Myanmar as a response to the conditions of the country’s birth and the failure of civilian government to consolidate. Over time, the military emerged as the only institution capable of holding the country together in the face of numerous armed threats to its very existence. The chapter explores why the regime chose to reform itself in the second decade of the twenty-first century, as a result of increasing domestic illegitimacy and dependence on China and the leadership’s recognition that it could either stage a managed and orderly transition or face a popular revolution in the future. The transition was facilitated by astute leaders, Western engagement, and the effects of economic reform.
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Yieh, John Y. H. Anglican Social Ministries in East Asia. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199643011.003.0019.
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This chapter reviews exemplary social ministries of the Anglican churches in East Asia: China, Hong Kong, Japan, Korea, and Taiwan, in four periods of time divided by the First World War, the Second World War, and the economic boom of the 1980s. Early missionaries followed Jesus’ threefold pattern of mission to build churches, schools, and clinics, caring particularly for the poor. To release the suffering of the people caused by poverty, wars, injustice, and natural disasters, native leaders have developed proactive social services to address the new demands of life such as the ageing population, the threat posed by nuclear power, and the danger of environmental crises, which embody the Anglican five marks of mission. The theological rationale and social impact of these ministries are analysed.
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Bonner, Ali. The Myth of Pelagianism. British Academy, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197266397.001.0001.
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Pelagius is the first known British author, important because of his persuasive advocacy of two ideas: that human nature was inclined to goodness, and that man had free will. After a campaign to vilify him, he was excommunicated in AD 418 for allegedly inventing a new heresy, and his name was made synonymous with arrogance. This book shows that Pelagius defended the contemporary ascetic account of Christianity and that, far from being the leader of a separatist group, he was one of many propagandists for the ascetic movement which swept through Christianity at this time and generated medieval monasticism. Textual analysis proves that Pelagius did not teach the ideas attributed to him or propose anything new. It is impossible to differentiate between Pelagius’ writings and other ascetic literature, and there was no separate group of ‘Pelagians’. This book also examines how and why the myth was created, setting this process in its historical context and in the context of scholarship on the function of heresy in religion and sociological analysis of the creation of deviance. Finally, manuscript evidence supports the argument that ‘Pelagianism’ was a deliberately created myth. Travelling under false attributions, Pelagius’ writings were staples of monastic book collections because they contained the same ideas as other texts promoting the ascetic version of Christianity. In the fourteenth century, when Christians once more sought a confident anthropology, it was Pelagius’ works to which they turned. This book presents a paradigm shift in our understanding of the history of Christianity in the West.
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Berne, André S., Jelena Ceranic Perisic, Viorel Cibotaru, Alex de Ruyter, Ivana Kunda, Tobias Lock, Lee McGowan, Peter Christian Müller-Graff, Tatjana Muravska, and Attila Vincze. Current Challenges of European Integration - 12th Network Europe Conference, 9 – 10 November 2020. Edited by Andreas Kellerhals and Tobias Baumgartner. buch & netz, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36862/eiz-406.
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Crises are not a new phenomenon in the context of European integration. Additional integration steps could often only be achieved under the pressure of crises. At present, however, the EU is characterised by multiple crises, so that the integration process as a whole is sometimes being questioned. In 2015, the crisis in the eurozone had escalated to such an extent that for the first time a member state was threatened to leave the eurozone. Furthermore, the massive influx of refugees into the EU has revealed the shortcomings of the Schengen area and the common asylum policy. Finally, with the majority vote of the British in the referendum of 23 June 2016 in favour of the Brexit, the withdrawal of a member state became a reality for the first time. Even in the words of the European Commission, the EU has reached a crossroads. Against this background, the twelfth Network Europe conference included talks on the numerous challenges and future integration scenarios in Europe.
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Aronson, Amy. Crystal Eastman. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199948734.001.0001.
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Crystal Eastman was a central figure in many of the defining social movements of the twentieth century—labor, feminism, internationalism, free speech, peace. She drafted America’s first serious workers’ compensation law. She helped found the National Woman’s Party and is credited as coauthor of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA). She helped found the Woman’s Peace Party—today, the Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom (WILPF)—and the American Union against Militarism. She copublished the Liberator magazine. And she engineered the founding the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU). Eastman worked side by side with national and international suffrage leaders, renowned Progressive reformers and legislators, birth control advocates, civil rights champions, and revolutionary writers and artists. She traveled with a transatlantic crowd of boundary breakers and innovators. And in virtually every arena she entered, she was one of the most memorable women known to her allies and adversaries alike. Yet today, her legacy is oddly ambiguous. She is commemorated, paradoxically, as one of the most neglected feminist leaders in American history. This first full-length biography recovers the revealing story of a woman who attained rare political influence and left a thought-provoking legacy in ongoing struggles. The social justice issues she cared about—gender equality and human rights, nationalism and globalization, political censorship and media control, worker benefits and family balance, and the monumental questions of war, sovereignty, force, and freedom—remain some of the most consequential questions of our own time.