Relevant bibliographies by topics / First half of the 14th century

Academic literature on the topic 'First half of the 14th century'

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Published: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "First half of the 14th century"

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Bardetskyi, A. B., and B. A. Pryshchepa. "THE PECULIARITIES OF VOLYN CERAMIC ASSEMBLAGES OF THE SECOND HALF OF THE 13th — FIRST HALF OF THE 14th CENTURIES IN HNIDAVSKA HIRKA NEAR LUTSK." Archaeology and Early History of Ukraine 29, no. 4 (December 22, 2018): 98–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.37445/adiu.2018.04.03.

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In the territory of the Halych-Volyn principality, the relevance of the study of monuments dating from time after the Mongol-Tatar pogroms in the middle of the 13th century is determined by their insignificant number, regional features and insufficiently developed chronology of various categories of things. The study of pottery remains an important task, since it is the most numerous group of findings during the research of the medieval settlements. Interesting ceramic complexes of the second half of the 13th — the first half of the 14th centuries were found during the excavation of two dwellings in a settlement in Hnidavskaa Hirka near the village of Rovantsi in Lutsk district. The majority of the findings form by the fragments of pots; besides, there are also frying pans, bowls, pitchers, and large earthenware pots. Pots are divided into two groups. The first group belongs to the type that appeared at the end of the 11th century and spread throughout Southern Rus in the 12th — first half of the 13th century. New trends that developed after the Mongol-Tatar pogroms are revealed in the features of the rim profiling and new techniques of ornamentation of pots of the second group. The outer edge of the rim is divided by a horizontal groove, and there is an ornament under the rim — a horizontal line of pressings. By analogy with Lutsk, Volodymyr-Volynskyi, and Peresopnytsia, they can be dated to the second half of the 13th—14th centuries. According to the ratio of the number of pots of both groups in each of the dwellings and dating of other findings, their chronology is defined as the middle — second half of the 13th century (dwelling 9) and the end of the 13th — first half of the 14th centuries (dwelling 1).
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Mažeika, J., P. Blaževičius, M. Stančikaitė, and D. Kisielienė. "Dating of the Cultural Layers from Vilnius Lower Castle, East Lithuania: Implications for Chronological Attribution and Environmental History." Radiocarbon 51, no. 2 (2009): 515–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200055892.

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Complex interdisciplinary studies carried out in the territory of the Vilnius Lower Castle, E Lithuania, were used to construct a chronological framework based on radiocarbon data and archaeological information. Bulk samples (wood and sediment) were collected from an approximately 3-m core that crossed cultural layers and underlying strata. 14C dates indicate that the underlying bed possibly formed during the 6th century AD, although no archaeological finds were discovered there. Paleobotanical (pollen and plant macrofossil) investigations reveal evidence of agriculture that points to the existence of a permanent settlement in the area at that time. The chronological data indicates a sedimentation hiatus before the onset of the deposition of the cultural layer in the studied area. The 14C dates showed that the formation of the cultural bed began during the late 13th–early 14th centuries AD, that is, earlier than expected according to the archaeological record. The ongoing deposition of the cultural beds continued throughout the middle to latter half of the 14th century AD as revealed by the archaeological records and confirmed by well-correlated 14C results. After some decline in human activity in the middle of the 14th century AD, a subsequent ongoing development of the open landscape, along with intensive agriculture, points to an increase in human activity during the second half of the 14th century AD. The first half of the 15th century AD was marked by intensive exploitation of the territory, indicating a period of economic and cultural prosperity. The chronological framework indicates that the investigated cultural beds continued forming until the first half of the 16th century AD.
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Veas Arteseros, Francisco de Asís. "Las relaciones Murcia-Orihuela en la primera mitad del siglo XIV (1304-1355)." Historia. Instituciones. Documentos, no. 46 (2019): 339–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/hid.2019.i46.11.

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Petrov, Pavel, Aibar Kassenalin, Timur Smagulov, and Syrym Yessen. "Coin Finds in 14th-Century Burials in Saryarka (Central Kazakhstan)." Stratum plus. Archaeology and Cultural Anthropology, no. 6 (December 30, 2021): 127–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.55086/sp216127138.

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Excavations of two significant archaeological sites were carried out in 2020 in Akmola and North Kazakhstan regions of Kazakhstan. The mausoleum of Janibek and the mausoleum on Kyzyloba site were examined. Brief descriptions and characteristics of these archaeological sites are given. Only the found Juchid coins are considered in detail in this paper. The analysis of numismatic material showed: 1. the burial in Janibek’s mausoleum contains 13 coins of the 14th century and dates from the first half of the 760s/1360s; 2. the burial in Kyzyloba’s mausoleum contains 4 coins of Khan Uzbek and dates from the second half of the 730s/1330s. The authors compare the coins with similar finds from other graves of the 14th century in Central Kazakhstan. The obtained data indicate a possibly different dynamics and scale of the spread of plague in Saryarka compared to the Volga region. A larger statistics of coin finds in 14th-century burials is required for relevant conclusions.
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Turilov, Anatoly. "Sinful «rasonosha» Martinian — unnoticed hilandarsky calligrapher of the first half of the 14th century." Slavic and Balkan Linguistics, no. 1 (2019): 397–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2658-3372.2019.19.

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Lorusso, Vito. "Materiali per una raccolta degli scoli greci agli Analitici posteriori di Aristotele." AION (filol.) Annali dell’Università degli Studi di Napoli “L’Orientale” 40, no. 1 (December 20, 2018): 23–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17246172-40010004.

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Abstract This article aims at mapping the scholia on the first lines from Aristotle’s Posterior Analytics A 1. It offers the first edition of the scholia on 71a1–21 from Vaticanus Gr. 241 (13th century), Laurentianus 72,3 (second half of the 13th century) and Laurentianus 72,4 (second half of the 13th / beginning of the 14th century). Appendix II and III present the content of a brief writing of Psellus about the Aristotelian Organon and the Praefatio to the Latin translation of Themistius’ Paraphrasis to Posterior Analytics written by Hermolaus Barbarus in the 15th century.
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Starenkyi, Ihor, and Levinzon Levinzon. "Private Housing of the Second Half of the 13th – the Beginning of the 15th Century from Archaeological Research in Kamianets-Podilskyi on Tatarska street, 17/1." Ukraina Lithuanica. Studìï z ìstorìï Velikogo knâzìvstva Litovsʹkogo 2021, no. 6 (October 12, 2021): 121–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ul2021.06.121.

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The article describes the archaeological research conducted in Kamianets-Podilskyi on Tatarska Street, 17/1 in 2018. In this area, an intact archeological complex, rare for the territory of Podillya, was discovered and studied in the second half of the 13th - beginning of the 15th centuries, which corresponds to the time when these lands were part of the Golden Horde and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Archaeological excavations have revealed a private dwelling sunk into the mainland with a pit-cold frame-pillar structure. This housing is fundamentally different from the complex excavated in 2017 at the same time at 12 Pyatnytska Street, where the housing was a frame-pillar filled with clay. During the works, numerous materials were discovered, which made it possible for the first time to develop a typology of ceramics for the second half of the 13th - early 15th centuries for the territory of Podillya. First of all, 13 types of pots of four chronological periods were identified (the second half of the 13th - the beginning of the 14th century, the first half - the middle of the 14th century, the second half of the 14th century and the beginning - the first third of the 15th century). In turn, some types are divided into subtypes. As for the decoration of these products, their bodies were often decorated with a wavy indented line, corrugation, lines of oblique indented notches, lines of rounded indentations and painting in black paint. Jars, bowls and makitry are described separately according to morphological features. An amphora of the Lithuanian era turned out to be a valuable find. In addition, a clay ball, a denarius of Vladislav Jagail and a fragment of a metal product (chisel?) Were found during the works.
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Khromov, Kostiantyn, and Iryna Khromova. "Coinage Genesis in the Context of the Political Autonomy on the Lithuanian-Horde Border Lands (the Second Half of the 14th – the First Half of the 15th Century)." Ukraina Lithuanica. Studìï z ìstorìï Velikogo knâzìvstva Litovsʹkogo 2019, no. 5 (November 29, 2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ul2019.05.001.

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Bílek, Karol. "Reading in the Sobotka Area in the First Half of the 19th Century – Readers, Book and Library Owners." Acta Musei Nationalis Pragae – Historia litterarum 63, no. 3-4 (2019): 127–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amnpsc-2018-0017.

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The article provides information on the cultural life of the small town of Sobotka near Jičín and its surroundings during the National Revival. In its short introduction, it presents its main cultural activities from the 14th century while focusing on significant figures of the end of the 18th century and the first half of the 19th century: the burgher Raymund Šolc and the priests Antonín Marek, František Vetešník and Damián Šimůnek. It draws particular attention to their libraries and the spread of Czech books. It also mentions other important inhabitants of the town, such as the saleswoman Barbora Pavienská or the shoemaker Josef Novák.
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Zonta, Mauro. "Medieval Judaic Logic and the Scholastic One in the 14th – 15th Centuries Provence and Italy: a Comparison of the Logical Works by Rav Hezekiah bar Halafta (First Half of the 14th Century) and Rav Judah Messer Leon (Second Half of the 15th Century)." Studia Humana 6, no. 2 (June 1, 2017): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sh-2017-0010.

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Abstract Hezekiah bar Halafta and Judah Messer Leon, who wrote in 14th – 15th century in Provence and Italy, were the first and last of “Jewish Schoolman.” This short article compares two texts, in order to showing differences and similarities.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "First half of the 14th century"

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Gregory, Jennifer Sue. "Irish travelling musicians of the first half of the nineteenth century." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ60378.pdf.

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Mortenson, Terence J. "British scriptural geologists in the first half of the nineteenth century." Thesis, Coventry University, 1996. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/c2ca3d9b-4617-006a-3cba-cba9e86062f0/1.

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During the first half of the nineteenth century (particularly 1820-1845) in Britain a number of laymen and clergymen tenaciously fought against new geological theories. These men became known as the "Scriptural geologists." They held the traditional Christian view that Genesis provided a realiable, historical account of the creation of the universe and the early history of the earth. In particular, they believed that the Noachian deluge was a unique global catastrophe, which produced most of the geological record, and that the earth was roughly 6,000 years old. From this position they responded with equal vigour to the old-earth theories of the uniformitarian and the catastrophist geologists. They also rejected, as misinterpretations of Scripture, the "gap theory", the "day-age theory", the "tranquil flood theory" and the "local flood theory." These writers have received limited scholarly analysis. Gillispie, Millhauser and Yule have given them some attention and are the historians regularly cited by others. Much current research addresses the issue of religion and science in the nineteenth century but none has focused on the Scriptural geologists. They deserve more study because they were "an important irritant and a serious disturbing factor in the scientific geologists' campaign to establish and maintain their own public image as a source of reliable and authoritative knowledge" (Martin Rudwick, 'The Greate Devonian Controversy', 1985, p.43). Also, this thesis demonstrates that they have been seriously misrepresented both by many of the contemporaries and by nearly all later hisotrians. By way of introduction, a brief analysis is given of 1) the intellectual, religious and cultural background leading up the nineteenth century, 2) the history of the interpretation of fossils, sedimentary rocks, and the Genesis account of creation and the flood, 3) a description of the nineteenth century milieu and 4) what constituted geological competence in the early nineteenth century. The central portion of the thesis analyzes the Biblical and geological arguments presented by thirteen representative Scriptural geologists. In the final section, generalizations and conclusions are made about the Scriptural geologists as a group and the nature of the debate with those they opposed.
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Luce, Gregory R. "British viola repertoire of the first half of the twentieth century." Thesis, University of Maryland, College Park, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3725814.

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The aim of this dissertation performance project has been to obtain a familiarity with the sound and emotional palette of the British viola repertoire of 1900-1950. The music of this time and place has a uniquely soulful, pensive, and internally wrought emotional quality which translates perfectly into the character of the viola.

The first recital consisted of music written for the world’s then-preeminent viola virtuoso, Lionel Tertis (1876-1975). This program included Vaughan Williams’ Romance for Viola and Piano, Frank Bridge’s Two Pieces for Viola and Piano (Pensiero and Allegro Appassionato), Arnold Bax’s Sonata for Viola and Piano, and finally York Bowen’s thrilling Sonata No. 1 in C Minor.

The second recital contained the chronologically ordered complete works for viola and piano of Rebecca Clarke (1886-1979). Thanks to the monumental sonata of 1919, Rebecca Clarke is thought of by many as a composer, but she was most certainly a remarkable violist as well, making her one of the last performer-composers to continue the legacy of the great composer-virtuosi of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Clarke was at the very forefront of a time when female composers were beginning to be accepted socially. She is removed by only fifty or so years from the time of Clara Schumann, another great female artist, but is perhaps more remarkable in that her instrument of choice was not as widely accepted as a solo instrument at that time.

The final recital consisted of several works chosen to showcase the viola’s unique relationship with British composers over time. The first half of the recital featured three under-celebrated works by Arnold Bax: Concert Piece, Trio in One Movement, and Legend. The second half of this program reached back into the late Renaissance with a pair of pieces by John Dowland arranged for violin and viola, then finishing with Benjamin Britten’s Lachrymae of 1950, which was inspired by these two works.

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Plucknett, Theodore Frank Thomas. "Statutes and their interpretation in the first half of the fourteenth century /." Holmes Beach (Fla.) : Wm. W. Gaunt and sons, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37375013v.

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Carmo, Maria Helena do. "The Portuguese interests in Macau in the first half of the 18th century." Thesis, University of Macau, 1998. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1871696.

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CANDIANI, STEFANO. "IL MAESTRO DEL 'PANTHEON' E LA SUA BOTTEGA A MILANO NELLA CULTURA FIGURATIVA LOMBARDA DELLA PRIMA META' DEL XIV SECOLO." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/119345.

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La tesi è articolata in quattro capitoli. Nel primo si è ripercorso lo status questionis e la fortuna critica del Maestro del "Pantheon" e della sua bottega: tale artista, infatti, è noto agli studi già da un secolo. Si sono pertanto enumerati i diversi interventi degli studiosi, soffermandosi sui principali, esponendoli criticarmene e provvedendo a sfrondare le ipotesi oggigiorno meno praticabili. Nel secondo capitolo si è data voce ad un’analisi del codice Lat. 4895 (Parigi, Bibliothèque nationale de France), mostrando le specificità sia del miniatore bolognese, attivo nei primi fogli, sia del Maestro del "Pantheon", attivo nella restante parte delle carte. Nel terzo capitolo si sono analizzati i codici attribuibili alla bottega del Maestro del "Pantheon", collocati cronologicamente nel quarto decennio del XIV secolo, nonché sono stati presi in considerazione i volumi commissionati da Bruzio Visconti, il quale fu prolifico mecenate di manoscritti miniati tra quarto e quinto decennio del XIV secolo. Nel quarto capitolo, infine, si sono voluti mostrare i collegamenti fra il Maestro del "Pantheon" e la cultura figurativa lombarda della prima metà del secolo; facendo anche emergere la figura di Giovami Visconti, arcivescovo di Milano, quale committente e possessore di codici.
The thesis is divided into four chapters. The first traces the status questionis and the critical fortune of the Master of the "Pantheon" and of his workshop: this artist, in fact, has been known for a century. Therefore, the various interventions of the scholars have been enumerated, focusing on the main ones, exposing them, criticize them and removing the hypotheses that are less probable today. In the second chapter, was provided an analysis of the ms. Lat. 4895 (Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France), showing the specific characteristics firstly of the Bolognese illuminator, active in the first leaves, and secondly of the Master of the "Pantheon", active in the remaining leaves. The third chapter analyzes the codes attributable to the workshop of the Master of the "Pantheon", placed chronologically in the fourth decade of the fourteenth century, as well as the volumes commissioned by Bruzio Visconti, who was a prolific patron of illuminated manuscripts between the fourth and fifth decade of the fourteenth century. Finally, in the fourth chapter, is showed the connections between the Master of the "Pantheon" and the Lombard figurative culture of the first half of the century; also bringing out the figure of Giovami Visconti, archbishop of Milan, as patron and owner of manuscripts.
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Komarower, Patricia 1950. "The development of vertebrate palaeontology in China during the first half of the twentieth century." Monash University, School of Geosciences, 2002. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/9337.

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Gard, Raymond. "Treatment in the open : community penalties in the first half of the twentieth century." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.420862.

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Sexton, R. D. "Travelling people in the United Kingdom in the first half of the twentieth century." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234178.

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Fuentes, Vásquez María José. "The rise of mass education in Colombia in the first half of the twentieth century." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670661.

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Las diferencias económicas regionales en Colombia han persistido en el tiempo. El presente trabajo busca contribuir al debate sobre las diferencias territoriales y la persistencia de la pobreza a partir de la identificación de patrones de baja cobertura educativa entre 1904 y 1958, tanto en la educación primaria como secundaria. Para ello, esta investigación ha utilizado fuentes inéditas en escalas subnacionales para construir un panorama nacional, ya que la evolución de los resultados educativos no ha sido homogénea en todo el país. El primer capítulo de esta tesis nos ayuda a contextualizar el caso colombiano desde una perspectiva comparada. Asimismo, se adaptaron los datos del sistema educativo colombiano a la Clasificación Internacional Normalizada de Educación (CINE) de 2011 y se muestran los principales patrones que siguió la escolarización a nivel regional. En el Capítulo 2 se analizó la cobertura educativa de Colombia desde la perspectiva de la oferta y relaciona el modelo de descentralización financiera de la educación adoptado a principios del siglo XX. En el Capítulo 3 se discutió el impacto del boom cafetero en las tasas de escolarización en el corto plazo. Y finalmente, el Capítulo 4 estudia el impacto de las reformas legales liberales sobre la condición económica y social de las mujeres en la reducción de la brecha de género en la educación.
Regional economic differences in Colombia have persisted over time. The present study seeks to contribute to the debate on the territorial differences of the country through the identification of patterns of low coverage in both primary and secondary education between 1904 and 1958. For this purpose, this research has used unpublished sources at sub-national scales to build a national picture, since the evolution of educational outcomes has not been homogeneous throughout the country. On the contrary, educational outcomes have been conditioned by the geographical, economic and institutional features of each region. The first chapter of this thesis helps us to contextualize the Colombian case from a comparative perspective. Likewise, it was adapted data on the Colombian education system to the International Normalized Classification of Education (ISCED) of 2011 and the main patterns that schooling followed at the regional level are shown. In Chapter 2 it was analysed Colombia’s educational coverage from the supply perspective and relate the model of the financial decentralization of education adopted at the beginning of the twentieth century. In Chapter 3 was discussed the impact of the coffee boom on school enrolment rates in the short term. And finally, Chapter 4 studies the impact of liberal legal reforms to the economic and social condition of women in reducing the gender gap in education.
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Books on the topic "First half of the 14th century"

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Wolf, Gerhard. Images and words in exile: Avignon and Italy during the first half of the 14th century. Firenze: SISMEL · edizioni del Galluzzo, 2015.

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I︠U︡riĭ, Savchuk, Svarnyk Ivan 1921-, and I︠A︡kutovych Serhiĭ 1952 ill, eds. Herby mist Ukraïny: XIV - I pol. XX st. = The Emblems of Ukrainian towns : 14th-first half of 20th century. Kyïv: Brama, 2001.

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Polish analytical philosophy: Studies on its heritage : with the appendix containing the bibliography of Polish logic from the second half of the 14th century to the first half of the 20th century. Warszawa: Wydawn. Naukowe "Semper", 2009.

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Stewart, McLeod. The first half century of Ottawa. [Ottawa]: Esdale Press, 1995.

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Gilg, Andrew W. Countryside planning: The first half century. 2nd ed. London: Routledge, 1996.

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D, Nash Gerald, Pugach Noel H, and Tomasson Richard F. 1928-, eds. Social Security, the first half-century. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1988.

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Lateef, K. Sarwar. The first half century: An overview. Washington, DC: World Bank, 1994.

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Kapur, Devesh. The World Bank: Its first half century. Washington, D.C: Brookings Institution, 1997.

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Vinten, Gerald. Internal audit research: The first half century. London: Certified Accountants Educational Trust, 1996.

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Taggart, Norman W. Methodist foreign missions, the first half-century. Leeds: Wesley Historical Society, 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "First half of the 14th century"

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Gravela, Marta. "Prima dei Tuchini. Fedeltà di parte e comunità nelle valli del Canavese (Piemonte, secolo XIV)." In La signoria rurale nell’Italia del tardo medioevo. 3 L’azione politica locale, 31–49. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-427-4.03.

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Famous for the late 14th-century revolt known as Tuchinaggio, the Canavese area, in north-western Piedmont, provides significant information concerning the relationship between lords and subjects in a longer time span. By analysing a wide range of sources (pastoral visitations, chronicles, court and notarial records, statutes), the essay examines the domini-homines dialectic in the first half of the 14th century: in the Canavese Alpine valleys various degrees of institutional consolidation of communities can be outlined, identifying a process of growth common to communities in the entire Alpine Arc.
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Berardi, Riccardo. "Le reintegre o platee dei Sanseverino di Bisignano: diritti e prelievo signorile nella Calabria settentrionale (secolo XV - prima metà del XVI)." In La signoria rurale nell’Italia del tardo medioevo. 2 Archivi e poteri feudali nel Mezzogiorno (secoli XIV-XVI), 73–151. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-301-7.06.

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The aim of this paper is to reassess the history of the Sanseverino family, princes of Bisignano in Calabria in the Late Middle Ages; by focusing on a specific and unpublished source: the so-called “reintegre or platee” as written in the first half of the 16th century. These are public sources mostly enlisting properties and benefits; they serve the purpose of re-possessing the privileges taken from the princes themselves over the previous century. The paper will therefore focus not only on the management and character of the seigneurial landholdings but also on the reconstruction of both the local networks of power exerted on the population and the local political system. It will shed new light on the still debated historiographical issue centered on the seigneurial authority in southern Italy by assessing its local rooting and pervasiveness since the 14th century.
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Cabras, Francesco. "Dante nella Polonia del Quattro-Cinquecento. Dalla (s)fortuna di Dante ad alcune considerazioni sugli elementi costitutivi della letteratura polacca rinascimentale." In Biblioteca di Studi di Filologia Moderna, 39–60. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/979-12-2150-003-5.03.

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This article aims to show how Dante Alighieri was ‘used’ in Renaissance Polish literature. Dante was known by Polish intellectuals first of all as a political theorist. Only in the second half of the 14th century did Polish writers start to refer to him as a great poet (Długosz). However, Dante was rather known than read and ‘used’ as a topic character to demonstrate the excellence of vernacular poetry. Andrzej Trzecieski the Younger, in fact, wrote in a couple of epigrams to his friend Mikołaj Rej, that Rej is to Polish literature, what Dante (and Petrarch) was to Italian literature; in addition to this, Trzecieski underlines, through intertextual allusions, that Dante (and Rej) had the same dignity of ancient Greek and Latin poets. This attitude that vernacular literature is on par with Greek and ancient literature is found also in the elegy III 8 by Jan Kochanowski, where Ronsard is presented as a “classic” poet. The final part of this work compares the situation in 15th and 16th-century Italian and Polish literature in terms of the relationship between ancient and vernacular poetry.
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Arnold, Guy. "The First Half-century." In World Government by Stealth, 1–9. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230376021_1.

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O’Flynn, John. "The first half-century." In Music, the Moving Image and Ireland, 1897–2017, 15–40. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203710395-3.

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Ryrie, William. "Half a Century of International Development." In First World, Third World, 1–34. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230596818_1.

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Spolsky, Bernard. "Language policy: The first half-century." In Unity and Diversity of Languages, 137–53. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/z.141.14spo.

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Fountoulakis, Konstantinos N. "Nineteenth Century: The Romantic First Half." In Psychiatry, 97–125. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86541-2_8.

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Lateef, K. Sarwar. "The World Bank: Its First Half Century." In International Political Economy, 291–304. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-24443-0_19.

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Broderick, Damien. "The First Half Century (and a Bit)." In The Time Machine Hypothesis, 51–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16178-1_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "First half of the 14th century"

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Rodwell, Ed, and Albert Machiels. "A Perspective on the U.S. Nuclear Fuel Cycle." In 14th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone14-89773.

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There has been a resurgence of interest in the possibility of processing the US spent nuclear fuel, instead of burying it in a geologic repository. Accordingly, key topical findings from three relevant EPRI evaluations made in the 1990–1995 timeframe are recapped and updated to accommodate a few developments over the subsequent ten years. Views recently expressed by other US entities are discussed. Processing aspects thereby addressed include effects on waste disposal and on geologic repository capacity, impacts on the economics of the nuclear fuel cycle and of the overall nuclear power scenario, alternative dispositions of the plutonium separated by the processing, impacts on the structure of the perceived weapons proliferation risk, and challenges for the immediate future and for the current half-century. Currently, there is a statutory limit of 70,000 metric tons on the amount of nuclear waste materials that can be accepted at Yucca Mountain. The Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) for the project analyzed emplacement of up to 120,000 metric tons of nuclear waste products in the repository. Additional scientific analyses suggest significantly higher capacity could be achieved with changes in the repository configuration that use only geology that has already been characterized and do not deviate from existing design parameters. Conservatively assuming the repository capacity postulated in the EIS, the need date for a second repository is essentially deferrable until that determined by a potential new nuclear plant deployment program. A further increase in technical capacity of the first repository (and further and extensive delay to the need date for a second repository) is potentially achievable by processing the spent fuel to remove the plutonium (and at least the americium too), provided the plutonium and the americium are then comprehensively burnt. The burning of some of the isotopes involved would need fast reactors (discounting for now a small possibility that one of several recently postulated alternatives will prove superior overall). However, adoption of processing would carry a substantial cost burden and reliability of the few demonstration fast reactors built to-date has been poor. Trends and developments could remove these obstacles to the processing scenario, possibly before major decisions on a second repository become necessary, which need not be until mid-century at the earliest. Pending the outcomes of these long-term trends and developments, economics and reliability encourage us to stay with non-processing for the near term at least. Besides completing the Yucca Mountain program, the two biggest and inter-related fuel-cycle needs today are for a nationwide consensus on which processing technology offers the optimum mix of economic competitiveness and proliferation resistance and for a sustained effort to negotiate greater international cooperation and safeguards. Equally likely to control the readiness schedule is development/demonstration of an acceptable, reliable and affordable fast reactor.
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Labalette, Thibaud, Alain Harman, and Marie-Claude Dupuis. "The Cige´o Industrial Geological Repository Project." In ASME 2011 14th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2011-59265.

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The Planning Act of 28 June 2006 prescribed that a reversible repository in a deep geological formation be chosen as the reference solution for the long-term management of high-level and intermediate-level long-lived radioactive waste. It also entrusted the responsibility of further studies and investigations on the siting and design of the new repository upon the French Radioactive Waste Management Agency (Agence nationale pour la gestion des de´chets radioactifs – Andra), in order for the review of the creation-licence application to start in 2015 and, subject to its approval, the commissioning of the new repository in 2025. In late 2009, Andra submitted to the French government proposals concerning the implementation and the design of Cige´o (Centre industriel de stockage ge´ologique). A significant step of the project was completed with the delineation of an interest zone for the construction of the repositor’s underground facilities in 2010. This year, Andra has launched a new dialogue phase with local actors in order to clarify the implementation scenarios on the surface. The selected site will be validated after the public debate that is now scheduled for the first half of 2013. This debate will be organized by the National Public Debate Committee (Commission nationale du de´bat public). In parallel, the State is leading the preparation of an territorial development scheme, which will be presented during the public debate. The 2009 milestone also constitutes a new step in the progressive design process of the repository. After the 1998, 2001 and 2005 iterations, which focused mainly on the long-term safety of the repository, the Dossier 2009 highlighted its operational safety, with due account of the non-typical characteristics of an underground nuclear facility. It incorporates the first results of the repository-optimisation studies, which started in 2006 and will continue in the future. The reversibility options for the repository constitute proposals in terms of added flexibility in repository management and in package-recovery levels. They orient the design of the repository in order to promote those reversibility components. They contribute to the dialogue with stakeholders in the preparation of the public debate and of the future act on the reversibility conditions of the repository. The development of the repository shall be achieved over a long period, around the century. Hence, the designer will acquire additional knowledge at every new development of the project, notably during Phase 1, which he may reuse during the following phase, in order, for instance, to optimise the project. This process is part of the approach proposed by Andra in 2009 pursuant to the reversibility principle.
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Hobe, Prof Dr Stephan. "International space law in its first half century." In 57th International Astronautical Congress. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.iac-06-e6.5.01.

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Trimble, Virginia, Felix A. Aharonian, Werner Hofmann, and Frank M. Rieger. "The first (almost) half century of the TEXAS Symposia." In 25TH TEXAS SYMPOSIUM ON RELATIVISTIC ASTROPHYSICS (TEXAS 2010). AIP, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3635821.

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Lieb, Thomas J. "Laser technology and safety, the first half-century, or so…" In ILSC® 2019: Proceedings of the International Laser Safety Conference. Laser Institute of America, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2351/1.5118602.

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Spinellis, Diomidis. "Half-Century of Unix: History, Preservation, and Lessons Learned." In 2017 IEEE/ACM 14th International Conference on Mining Software Repositories (MSR). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/msr.2017.1.

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Alkhastova, Z. M. "Soviet Building Peculiarities In Chechnya In First Half Of XX Century." In SCTCGM 2018 - Social and Cultural Transformations in the Context of Modern Globalism. Cognitive-Crcs, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2019.03.02.13.

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Stanciu, Ioan. "Burials in the upper Tisa Basin attributed to the early slavs (ca. second half of the 6th century – first half of the 7th century)." In Cercetarea și valorificarea patrimoniului arheologic medieval. "Ion Creanga" State Pedagogical University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37710/idn-c12-2022-31-49.

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There are few flat cremation graves in the geographic area of the upper basin of the Tisa River which can be dated between the second half of the 6th century and the first half of the 7th century, and none of them are recent findings. The current article re-examines these graves and makes new observations in relation to their location, the internal topography of the graveyards (or smaller clusters of graves), the appearance of the graves and the scarce inventories, and, last but not least, their chronological placement.
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Cherepanov, Konstantin. "CHAINED TOGETHER." RUSSIA AND CHINA IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY." In Россия и Китай: история и перспективы сотрудничества. Благовещенск: Благовещенский государственный педагогический университет, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.48344/bspu.2021.54.73.011.

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Gofman, Galina, and Tatyana Zakurina. "Izborsk fortress in the first third of the 14th century." In Our earth is great and plentiful. Institute for the History of Material Culture Russian Academy of Sciences, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31600/978-5-907053-29-8-2019-70-83.

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Reports on the topic "First half of the 14th century"

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Cabezuelo Pliego, José Vicente. Estate, Border and agricultural Expansion in the South of the Kingdom of Valencia. The Vilanova lineage during the first half of the 14th century. Edicions de la Universitat de Lleida, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21001/itma.2019.13.09.

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Menlove, Howard Olsen. Lessons from the First 50 years of Safeguards for the Next Half Century. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1353025.

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Carrión-Tavárez, Ángel. The Situation of Puerto Rico in the First Half of the 20th Century. Edited by Ángel Carrión-Tavárez. Puerto Rico Institute for Economic Liberty, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53095/13582003.

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After 390 years of Spanish colonialism, Puerto Rico was ceded by Spain to the United States, as a result of the Spanish-American War and the Treaty of Paris. At the dawn of the 20th century, the situation on the Island was one of extreme poverty, high unemployment, and widespread illiteracy. Federal programs alleviated the situation on the Island but began to institutionalize a major problem: the evil of passively waiting for economic aid from abroad, instead of seeking to solve the problems by its own initiative.
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Fishback, Price, Samuel Allen, Jonathan Fox, and Brendan Livingston. A Patchwork Safety Net: A Survey of Cliometric Studies of Income Maintenance Programs in the United States in the First Half of the Twentieth Century. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, January 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w15696.

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Harriss-White, Barbara. The Green Revolution and Poverty in Northern Tamil Nadu: a Brief Synthesis of Village-Level Research in the Last Half-Century. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/steps.2020.001.

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Between 1972 and 2014, in Northern Tamil Nadu (NTN), India, the Green Revolution (GR) in agriculture was studied through five rounds of village-level studies (VLS). Over the decades, the number of villages dwindled; from 11, rigorously and randomly selected (together with a ‘Slater’ village first studied in 1916), through to a set of three villages in a rural–urban complex around a market town, to one of the original eleven, in the fifth round. During the reorganisation of districts in 1989, the villages sited on the Coromandel plain shifted administratively from North Arcot, a vanguard GR district, to Tiruvannamalai, described then as relatively backward. A wide range of concepts, disciplines, scales, field methods and analytical approaches were deployed to address i) a common core of questions about the economic and social implications of technological change in agriculture and ii) sets of other timely questions about rural development, which changed as the project lengthened. Among the latter was poverty.
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Kempgen, Sebastian. Was Postkarten erzählen können… Otto-Friedrich-Universität, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.20378/irb-49498.

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Walker, Jo, Matthew Martin, Emma Seery, Nabil Abdo, Anthony Kamande, and Max Lawson. The Commitment to Reducing Inequality Index 2022. Development Finance International, Oxfam, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2022.9325.

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The 2022 Commitment to Reducing Inequality (CRI) Index is the first detailed analysis published looking at governments’ policies and actions to fight inequality during the first two years of the pandemic. This fourth edition of the CRI Index reviews the spending, tax and labour policies and actions of 161 governments during 2020–2022. COVID-19 has increased inequality worldwide, as the poorest people were hit hardest by both the disease and its profound economic impacts. Yet the CRI 2022 Index shows clearly that most of the world’s governments failed to mitigate this dangerous rise in inequality. Despite the biggest global health emergency in a century, half of low-and lower-middle-income countries saw the share of health spending fall during the pandemic, half of the countries tracked by the CRI Index cut the share of social protection spending, 70% cut the share of education spending, while two-thirds of countries failed to increase their minimum wage in line with gross domestic product (GDP). Ninety-five percent of countries failed to increase taxation of the richest people and corporations. At the same time, a small group of governments from across the world bucked this trend, taking clear actions to combat inequality, putting the rest of the world to shame. See also the CRI Index website: www.inequalityindex.org
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Blaxter, Tamsin, and Tara Garnett. Primed for power: a short cultural history of protein. TABLE, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56661/ba271ef5.

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Protein has a singularly prominent place in discussions about food. It symbolises fitness, strength and masculinity, motherhood and care. It is the preferred macronutrient of affluence and education, the mark of a conscientious diet in wealthy countries and of wealth and success elsewhere. Through its association with livestock it stands for pastoral beauty and tradition. It is the high-tech food of science fiction, and in discussions of changing agricultural systems it is the pivotal nutrient around which good and bad futures revolve. There is no denying that we need protein and that engaging with how we produce and consume it is a crucial part of our response to the environmental crises. But discussions of these issues are affected by their cultural context—shaped by the power of protein. Given this, we argue that it is vital to map that cultural power and understand its origins. This paper explores the history of nutritional science and international development in the Global North with a focus on describing how protein gained its cultural meanings. Starting in the first half of the 19th century and running until the mid-1970s, it covers two previous periods when protein rose to singular prominence in food discourse: in the nutritional science of the late-19th century, and in international development in the post-war era. Many parallels emerge, both between these two eras and in comparison with the present day. We hope that this will help to illuminate where and why the symbolism and story of protein outpace the science—and so feed more nuanced dialogue about the future of food.
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Rodrigues-Moura, Enrique, and Christina Märzhauser. Renegotiating the subaltern : Female voices in Peixoto’s «Obra Nova de Língua Geral de Mina» (Brazil, 1731/1741). Otto-Friedrich-Universität, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.20378/irb-57507.

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Out of ~11.000.000 enslaved Africans disembarked in the Americas, ~ 46% were taken to Brazil, where transatlantic slave trade only ended in 1850 (official abolition of slavery in 1888). In the Brazilian inland «capitania» Minas Gerais, slave numbers exploded due to gold mining in the first half of 18th century from 30.000 to nearly 300.000 black inhabitants out of a total ~350.000 in 1786. Due to gender demographics, intimate relations between African women and European men were frequent during Antonio da Costa Peixoto’s lifetime. In 1731/1741, this country clerk in Minas Gerais’ colonial administration, originally from Northern Portugal, completed his 42-page manuscript «Obra Nova de Língua Geral de Mina» («New work on the general language of Mina») documenting a variety of Gbe (sub-group of Kwa), one of the many African languages thought to have quickly disappeared in oversea slaveholder colonies. Some of Peixoto’s dialogues show African women who – despite being black and female and therefore usually associated with double subaltern status (see Spivak 1994 «The subaltern cannot speak») – successfully renegotiate their power position in trade. Although Peixoto’s efforts to acquire, describe and promote the «Língua Geral de Mina» can be interpreted as a «white» colonist’s strategy to secure his position through successful control, his dialogues also stress the importance of winning trust and cultivating good relations with members of the local black community. Several dialogues testify a degree of agency by Africans that undermines conventional representations of colonial relations, including a woman who enforces her «no credit» policy for her services, as shown above. Historical research on African and Afro-descendant women in Minas Gerais documents that some did not only manage to free themselves from slavery but even acquired considerable wealth.
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Alarcón, Lía, Patricia Alata, Mariana Alegre, Tamara Egger, Rosario Fassina, Analía Hanono, Carolina Huffmann, Lucía Nogales, and Carolina Piedrafita. Citizen-Led Urbanism in Latin America: Superbook of civic actions for transforming cities. Inter-American Development Bank, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004582.

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This is a publication about citizen-led urbanism processes in Latin America. It follows the recent life of a movement originating from, and driven by and for citizens, who out of a compelling love for their cities, have brought together actors from all fields to co-create new, more inclusive and equitable public space models. By using tools such as innovation, creativity and co-responsible solidarity, citizen-led urbanism has been able to complement the traditional approaches to urban planning and city governance. This publication also invites us to move from the theory and concepts that provide the rationale for citizen-led urbanism to the actual practical experiences which are helping to shape it and consolidate it as a regional movement. It thus takes us on a journey through successful projects developed in different places and contexts of Latin America and looks at the experience of the first urban innovation labs, as a means to consider the paths that may lead to new horizons of an inclusive future, in view of the challenges, both known and yet to be known, of the first half of the 21st century. In less than one decade, with their impressive diversity and vigorous urban activity, members of the citizen-led urbanism movement have brought about changes in the streets, neighborhoods and cities where they live: changes in the way of thinking of authorities and fellow citizens; changes in public policies, which have an impact not only on the urban landscape, but also on how we relate to each other through our relationship with what we call “the urban” and with ecosystems, with our individual needs and with the urgency of organizing ourselves collectively to identify solutions for the common good. This is why this book became a superbook, i.e., an extensive compilation about a fabulous collective adventure, undertaken by thousands of people whose common denominator is creativity and their will to think and do things differently. We hope it may serve as an inspiration to its readers so that they, too, may take a leading role in this story.
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