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Cengizoglu, Gonca. "Effect of Firm Size on Female Earnings." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500428/.
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There are various factors effecting females' wage level such as marital status, occupation, education, and experience. This paper also includes firm size and answers the questions: What effect does firm size have on female earnings? Is that effect different for black than white females?
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Wilson, Hugh David Economics Australian School of Business UNSW. "The Firm Size Effect: An Application of Hierarchy Theories." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Economics, 2000. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/32642.
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In this thesis the positive relationship between firm size and wages is investigated through the application of hierarchy theories. Many different explanations have been proposed for this relationship, but have met only limited success at best. The strongest finding to date is that unobserved ability is a significant factor. The question of interest here is ???why do wages increase as the size firm increases???? Hierarchy theories take a different approach towards the analysis of firms in comparison to the alternate theories which have dominated previous investigations. As a result of their focus on the organisational relationships within a firm???s internal structure, hierarchy theories offer certain insights to the size-wage relationship which to date have been unnoticed. An empirical investigation into the size-wage differential incorporating structural considerations into an augmented wage equation offers strong support for the propositions of hierarchy theories. I find that half of the firm size effect for workers can be explained by controlling for some aspects of management structure, and that span of control has a discontinuous effect on wages. These results are completely consistent with the existing findings on unobserved ability and have the added attraction of providing economic as well as statistical explanatory power.
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Choi, Jae Sung. "Size Effect in the Cryptocurrency Market." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1927.
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This paper shows the existence of the size effect in the cryptocurrency market. The size effect is a market phenomenon observed in the stock market in which smaller assets outperform larger assets. Recent literature has revealed the size effect in other financial markets as well. In order to explain the size effect, this paper proposes a general quantitative theory that supports its existence in any financial markets under specific conditions. Furthermore, the paper tests for the size effect in the cryptocurrency market using daily price data from April 2013 to April 2018. The paper finds a statistically significant size effect across the cryptocurrency market during the sample period. In the process, we test a profitable pair-trading strategy that involves opening a short position on the higher rank (larger assets) and opening a long position on the lower rank (smaller assets) of the cryptocurrency market. Based on our findings, we discuss the implications on modern finance, specifically on the subjects of Efficient Market Hypothesis and asset pricing models.
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Gellerman, Emil, and Boer Aukje de. "The effect of busy boards on Tobin's Q in Swedish firms : studying firm size and ownership concentration as potential modifiers." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-297738.
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Increasingly there is debate concerning the number of board memberships a person can hold before loss of quality in their work. Previous research has not reached consensus regarding the effect of busy directors on firm performance. We therefore hypothesize there are modifying factors affecting that relationship, namely firm size and the presence of concentrated ownership. We designed a quantitative study to study first the effect of busyness on firm performance in Swedish listed companies, and secondly, to study the effect of the modifying factors on that relationship. It was found that busyness is positively related with firm performance measured by Tobin’s Q, and that concentrated ownership affects that relationship such that companies with more concentrated ownerships also have higher Tobin’s Q values. There was however partial support that firm size is a negative modifier on the relationship between busyness and firm performance. Overall our results indicate that more regulation that limits board busyness is not currently warranted.Det debatteras alltmer hur många styrelseuppdrag en styrelseledamot kan ha innan det börjar påverka kvaliteten på deras arbete negativt. Tidigare forskning har inte nått ett enhetligt svar på frågan om effekten av många styrelseuppdrag och ett företagets prestation. Vi tror därför att det finns modifierande variabler som inverkar på detta förhållande, nämligen företagets storlek och om företaget har en koncentrerad ägarkrets. Vi genomförde en kvantitativ studie för att undersöka effekten av många styrelseuppdrag på företagens prestation bland Svenska bolag noterade på Stockholmsbörsen. Våra resultat tyder på att ledamöter med många uppdrag har en positiv inverkan på måttet Tobin’s Q och att bolag med en hög ägarkoncentration påverkar detta samband än mer positivt. Det fanns delvis underlag för att företagets storlek påverkade sambandet negativt. Överlag indikerar våra resultat att utökad reglering som begränsar antalet styrelseuppdrag inte är motiverat i dagsläget.
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Chui, Man Wai. "The firm size effect in the Hong Kong stock market for the period 1986 to 1993." Thesis, University of Macau, 1996. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1636707.
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Ramirez, Eduardo A. "Does Size and Industry Affect CEO Performance? The Effect of CEO Succession Announcements on Firm Value." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2016. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1410.
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This study expands on previous research regarding the effect of CEO performance on firm value. An event study is conducted using a market model of CEO successions and daily returns in order to generate predicted returns. Two separate regressions are run using a 3 day and 5 day event window respectively. The results of the regressions are using to compare abnormal returns between industries and market capitalization. While some daily abnormal returns are statistically significant, cross-sectional analysis of CAR are for the most part not significant. Further study is needed in order to come to a stronger conclusion.
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Weerink, Rens. "THE EFFECT OF BOARD SIZE ON FIRM PERFORMANCE AND HOW THIS RELATIONSHIP IS INFLUENCED BY UNCERTAINTY AVOIDANCE." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-377178.
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This study investigates the effect of board size on firm performance measured through return on assets. Furthermore, this study investigates how this relationship is influenced by uncertainty avoidance. An unbalanced global sample of more than 9,000 observations divided over 23 countries for the time period 2006 – 2016 is used to examine this. In contrast with other studies a global sample is used and a new variable, uncertainty avoidance is added. In the study, I find that board size positively affects firm performance. Furthermore, I find that uncertainty avoidance affects the relationship between board size and firm performance. Although in contrast with other studies, my evidence supports the argument that firms should increase their board size to reduce agency costs and increase board capital.
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Luomaranta, Henri. "Essays in Firm Dynamics, Ownership and Aggregate Effects." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU10021/document.
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Le résumé en français n'a pas été communiqué par l'auteurAdministrative registers maintained by statistical offices on vastly heterogeneous firms have much untapped potential to reveal details on sources of productivity of firms and economies alike. It has been proposed that firm-level shocks can go a long way in explaining aggregate fluctuations. Based on novel monthly frequency data, idiosyncratic shocks are able to explain a sizable share of the Finnish economic fluctuations, providing support to the granular hypothesis. The global financial crisis of 2007-2008 has challenged the field of economic forecasting, and nowcasting has become an active field. This thesis shows that the information content of firm-level sales and truck traffic can be used for nowcasting GDP figures, by using a specific mixture of machine learning algorithms. The agency problem lies at the heart of much of economic theory. Based on a unique dataset linking owners, CEOs and firms, and exploiting plausibly exogenous variations in the separation of ownership and control, agency costs seem to be an important determinant of firm productivity. Furthermore, the effect appear strongest in medium-sized firms. Enterprise group structures might have important implications on the voluminous literature on firm size, as large share of SME employment can be attributed to affiliates of large business groups. Within firm variation suggests that enterprise group affiliation has heterogeneous impacts depending on size, having strong positive impact on productivity of small firms, and negative impact on their growth. In terms of aggregate job creation, it is found that the independent small firms have contributed the most. The results in this thesis underline the benefits of paying attention to samples encompassing the total population of firms. Researchers should continue to explore the potential of rich administrative data sources at statistical offices and strive to strengthen the ties with data producers
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Jánica, Vanegas Felipe Augusto. "The effect of corporate entrepreneurship, innovation and strategic renewal on business performance, business failure or organizational decline moderated by industry and firm size." Doctoral thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/16162.
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The largest and most successful companies in the world have not always been that way. The challenges they have faced in order to become what they are today may have been countless. In contrast, while many companies have achieved significant levels of growth, they have not all been able to maintain their success in the long term, even to the point of starting to fail. This Thesis provides a conceptual framework that tends to explain the effect of CE that encompass I and SR on BP in Colombian companies, so the lack of CE, I and SR moderated by size of and sector/industry, might lead the Colombian companies to BF or OD. The research was developed using the information provided by regulatory entities in Colombia. The information gathered included both financial and managerial information submitted to the Colombian Superintendency of Corporations by companies that have entered into the restructuring process during the last ten years, as supervised by the Colombian Superintendency of Corporations and based on the Colombian Law on Restructuring during the last decade. Out of the 131 companies included in this research, 53 (40 %) belonged to the manufacturing sector and 78 (60%) belonged to the service sector. Regarding company size, 60 (45,80%) were small, 27 (20,61%) were medium and 44 (33,59%) were big. The information gathered included both financial and managerial information submitted to the Colombian Superintendency of Corporations by the companies that have entered into the restructuring process during the last ten years, as supervised by the Colombian Superintendency of Corporations and based on the Colombian Law on Restructuring during the last decade. For this purpose, this study used the data base information provided by the Colombian Superintendency of Corporations. This research excluded information obtained from agencies other than the Colombian Superintendence of Corporations. This research did begin with a pilot study developed with a case study that took into consideration a survey and interviews with representatives of companies that have entered into a restructuring process. The Superintendency’s website provided the list of the companies in the restructuring process. This information includes the approved financial services companies and detailed information on the legal representation of those companies. A two-stage sampling process was followed in identifying the subjects for the sampling. In stage one, this research used a probability sampling that is based on stratified random sampling. In order to determine the size of the sampling, the following formula was taken into consideration: n=(N*Z2a*p*q)/((e2*(N-1)+(Z2a*p*q)), where n is the size of the sample, N the size of the universe, Z the level of confidence, e the margin of error p and q the probability of occurrence. A level of confidence of 80% and error margin of 5% was determined by the researcher. In stage 2, the selection of participants from the organizations represented in the now-established sampling frame will be selected in terms of the criteria that the selected participant be registered in the restructuration process data base provided by the Superintendency of Corporations. A single contact person will be identified within each organization, with this person furnishing the contact information of employees who, meeting qualifying selection criteria, will be selected to be the research participants. The identified participants will then be called on their telephones, and a follow up e-mail will detail the research objectives). The participants will be considered “front facing” – in other words, they are part of, or were part of the decision-making process in their companies.
For the quantitative part, the paths of the hypotheses among the main latent constructs will be then assessed using a structural equation modeling (SEM) procedure. For the quantitative part the research will use Atlas TI. As with standard regression, the basic measure of association between variables is covariance, and the dynamics of actually fitting SEM models involve covariance structure modeling (Iacobucci, 2009).
The model shows that CE has a direct influence on BP. It is important to highlight that CE is influenced only by I. SR does not have a direct impact in CE. It could be inferred that the Colombian companies do not perceive that CE is a crucial part of the strategic planning. Furthermore, CE does not impact OD. It can be inferred that the more CE activities the Colombian companies put in place the better the outcomes from the business and financial performance. Thus, the Colombian companies that are facing OD could have avoided it by implementing CE activities.Tesis
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Li, Xiaoying. "Impact of firm characteristics on wages : Industry wage differentials and firm size-wage effects in Sweden." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-123299.
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Wage structure has shown to be crucial for firms and workers. However, there existwage dispersion for identical workers in labor markets. The paper measures the effectof industry and firm size on wages in Sweden. The results show that both industry andfirm size have significant effects on wages. Regarding the explanation factors, thefinding is that human capital factors can explain a portion of the industry wagedifferentials, but have less impact on wage differentials across firm size. However,compensating differentials and union organization are not the determinants of theindustry wage differentials and firm size-wage effects. In addition, unobservedindividual characteristics can partly explain firm size effect on wages, but cannotexplain industry wage differentials based on our samples.
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Stallkamp, Philip Robert. "The impact of firm size and industry on capital structure decisions." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16796.
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Includes bibliographical referencesThis paper investigates the impact of firm size and industry on the capital structure of listed South African firms. It uses data obtained from firms listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange and tests trade-off theory and pecking order theory for firms of various sizes, firms in different industries and also tests for differences between debt maturities. Multiple fixed effect models are used to firstly test for the main factors that impact capital structure and secondly to test which sources of capital are preferred to finance a change in assets. The analysis shows that firms of different sizes and firms that operate in different industries choose their capital structure in various ways. Larger firms are more highly geared debt more than small firms and smaller firms prefer to use internally generated funds. The two main capital structure theories, trade-off and pecking order, do not explain the difference in behaviour adequately. The paper also finds that similar factors impact both long-term and short-term debt.
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Nakao, S., T. Ando, M. Shikida, and K. Sato. "Effects of Environmental Condition on the Strength of Submicron-Thick Single Crystal Silicon Film." IEEE, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/9567.
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Backer-Meurke, Fredrik. "Finite-size effect in CoAlZr/AlZr multilayers." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Materialfysik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-355721.
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The structural and magnetic properties of amorphous Cox(Al80Zr20)1-x multilayers with varying thicknesses of the magnetic bilayers have been investigated. The reduction of the thickness causes a reduction of the critical temperature, Tc, this is known as the finite-size effect. The multilayers were grown using DC magnetron sputtering, co-sputtering was used with cobalt and an Al80Zr20 alloy target to create an amorphous CoAlZr alloy. The total thickness of the multilayers was chosen to be held constant at 60 nm and the Al80Zr20 spacing layers were thick enough to suppress any interlayer exchange coupling effects. Estimating the composition using RBS proved difficult with great uncertainties in the measured amount of aluminium in the samples. The amorphousness of the samples was investigated using GIXRD and all measured samples display x-ray amorphousness. Fits of XRR measurements showed that the bilayers displayed a rather large roughness, the origin of this roughness is unknown. MOKE measurements showed that the CoAlZr alloys exhibit a noncollinear spin structure at magnetic bilayer thicknesses of 6 nm and below. The samples’ noncollinear spin structure lead to the loss of remanence. Attempts at measuring the critical temperature with DC measurements using the remanence at zero field were therefore unsuccessful. AC susceptibility with SQUID should allow an accurate measurement of the critical temperature.
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Yu, Dong Michael. "The effect of big four office size on audit quality." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4827.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on October 15, 2007) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Won, Changhee. "Unionism and turnover : exit-voice tradeoff, firm size, and spillover effects." Connect to resource, 1988. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1262608789.
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Brown, Ashley L. "The Effects of Firm Size and Corporate Social Responsibility on Organizational Attraction." Xavier University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=xavier1410450556.
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Sims, Robert H. "Hazard abatement as a function of firm size the effects of internal firm characteristics and external incentives /." Santa Monica, CA : RAND, 2008. http://www.rand.org/pubs/rgs_dissertations/RGSD227/.
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Volland, Antoine. "Etude des effets d'échelle sur le comportement mécanique de film mince en verre métallique." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00872887.
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L'absence de structure cristalline dans les verres métalliques tendrait à suggérer qu'aucun effet d'échelle sur leur comportement mécanique ne pourrait exister. Cependant, la diminution de la taille des éprouvettes de verre métallique, principalement solliciter en micro-compression sur des micro-pilliers usiné au FIB à partir de BMG révèlent une transition entre des mécanismes de déformation localisés dans des bandes de cisaillement pour des échelles supérieures à 400 nm et des mécanismes qui présentent des déformations homogènes en dessous de 400 nm. Des interrogations demeurent cependant sur l'impact des procédés d'élaboration des échantillons. Dans cette thèse, on s'intéresse à une autre voie de caractérisation des effets d'échelle sur le comportement mécanique des verres métalliques par l'élaboration et la caractérisation d'éprouvettes obtenues par des procédés de microélectronique dans des films minces de verre métallique de différentes épaisseurs, sans recours à de l'usinage FIB. La structure amorphe et la composition des dépôts réalisés par MS-PVD ont été confirmées par des analyses DRX et MET. L'homogénéité des dépôts entre les différentes épaisseurs a été confirmée par l'invariance du module de Young et du module de cisaillement déterminé par diffusion Brillouin sur chaque épaisseur. Des mesures de nano indentation ont cependant révélé une diminution de la dureté, une augmentation du module de compressibilité et du coefficient de Poisson avec l'augmentation de l'épaisseur des films. L'observation des déformations d'éprouvettes de flexion et des empreintes en nano indentation confirme l'existence d'une taille critique d'éprouvette. Les relations entre les différentes propriétés mécaniques et les observations sur les effets d'échelle sont discutées à partir du modèle des STZ et d'une loi de comportement élasto-plastique parfaite pour toutes les épaisseurs.
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Gadkari, Parag. "EFFECT OF ANNEALING ON COPPER THIN FILMS:THE CLASSICAL SIZE EFFECT AND AGGLOMERATION." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2005. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2937.
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With continued shrinking of CMOS technology to reduce the gate delay times, an increase in the resistivity of the metal corresponding to the wire dimension is a concern. This phenomenon of increase in resistivity with decreasing dimension of the thin metallic film or interconnect is known as the "classical size effect". Various theories have been postulated to explain the phenomenon of classical size effect; these theories can be broadly classified as resistivity due to scattering arising from surface and grain boundaries. The total resistivity of metals depends on the electron scattering due to impurities, phonons, surfaces, grain boundaries, and other crystal defects. Managing the size effect in a practical and manufacturing way is of major concern to the microelectronics industry. Since each of the processes (phonon, surface and grain boundary scattering) adds to the resistivity and are interrelated, it further complicates managing the size effect. However, these effects have been separately studied. In this work, the effect of annealing on the classical size effect in Cu thin films deposited on SiO2 substrate is investigated. Polycrystalline Cu thin films having thicknesses in the range of 10nm to 200nm were ultra high vacuum sputter deposited on thermally grown SiO2 surfaces. The films were annealed at temperatures in the range of 150°C to 800°C in argon and argon+3% hydrogen gases. The un-annealed Cu thin films exhibit higher resistivity than the annealed films. The resistivities of un-annealed films were in good agreement with Mayadas and Shatzkes model. When annealed the films undergoes grain growth resulting in lowering the resistivities by about 20%-30% thereby confirming the role of grain size on resistivity of the film. However, there is a limit to annealing, i.e. agglomeration phenomenon. Agglomeration is a thermally activated process resulting in a reduction of the free energy of the film–substrate system and can occur well below the melting point of the material by surface and interfacial diffusion. The reduction of film-substrate interfacial energy, film-surface interfacial energy and stresses within the film are possible driving forces for agglomeration. This work also includes the study of agglomeration phenomenon. The agglomeration behavior of Cu is investigated and compared with that of Ru, Au and Pt thin films with thicknesses in the range of 10 nm to 100 nm UHV deposited on thermally grown SiO2 substrate. The films were annealed at temperatures in the range of 150°C to 800°C in argon and argon+3% hydrogen gases. Scanning electron microscopy was used to investigate the agglomeration behavior, and transmission electron microscopy was used to characterize the microstructure of the as-deposited and annealed films. The agglomeration sequence in all the films is found to follow a two step process of void nucleation and void growth. However, void growth in Au and Pt thin films is different from Cu and Ru thin films. Residual stress and adhesion were observed to play important part in deciding the mode of void growth in Au and Pt thin films. Lastly, it is also observed that the tendency for agglomeration can be reduced by encapsulating the metal film with an oxide overlayer, which in turn improves the resistivity of the thin film due to prolonged grain growth without film breakup.M.S.E.E.
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Engineering and Computer Science
Electrical Engineering
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Webb, Joshua J. "The Effect of Particle Size and Film Cooling on Nozzle Guide Vane Deposition." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1313528110.
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Lundgren, Anton, and Sara Ahlgren. "P/B i kombination med marknadsvärde : En studie på Stockholmsbörsen 2006 - 2016." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-138819.
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Bakgrund: Denna studie är ett test av investeringsstrategi baserad på relativvärdering av multiplar. Den multipel som kommer att studeras som investeringsstrategi är Price-to-Book (P/B). Valet av multipel på P/B beror på att det är en väl omskriven multipel som fortfarande väcker frågeställningar avseende betydelsen av bokfört värde i kombination med marknadsvärde. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka och analysera multipeln P/B som investeringsstrategi för aktier. Vidare syftar studien till att undersöka aktier med låga respektive höga P/B från de olika börslistorna Small, Mid och Large Cap på Stockholmsbörsen. Genomförande: Sex portföljer skapas baserat på låga respektive höga P/B från de marknadsvärdemässiga börslistorna Small, Mid och Large Cap på Stockholmsbörsen. Portföljerna ombalanseras årligen och följs mellan 2006 och 2016. Resultat: Fyra av sex portföljer har högre ackumulerad avkastning än jämförelseindex före och efter riskjustering. Dock hindrar svag statistisk evidens påvisande av överavkastning över tid. På motsvarande vis finnes svaga säkerställda skillnader i avkastning mellan låga och höga P/B. Ej heller förefaller det förekomma signifikanta skillnader i avkastning och risk mellan portföljer på Small, Mid och Large Cap.Background: This study is a test of an investment strategy based on relative valuation of multiples. The multiple to be studied is Price-to-Book (P/B). P/B is chosen because although previously researched, the implications of book values paired with market values are still not well understood. Aim: The aim of this study is to examine and analyze the multiple P/B as an investment strategy for stocks. Moreover, this study intends to examine stocks with low and high P/B: s from the Small, Mid and Large Cap on the Stockholm Stock Exchange. Completion: Six portfolios are created based on low and high P/B: s respectively from the market value-based stock exchange lists Small, Mid and Large Cap on the Stockholm Stock Exchange. The portfolios are rebalanced annually and are followed between 2006 and 2016. Results: Four out of six portfolios exhibit higher levels of cumulative returns than the chosen stock index before and after adjusting for risk. However, weak statistical evidence prevent conclusive showings of excess returns over time. Similarly, we find weak support for differences in returns between low and high P/B: s. Neither does there seem to exist significant differences in return and risk between the Small, Mid and Large Cap.
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Wolff, Trent M. "The Effect of Particle Size on Deposition in an Effusion Cooling Geometry." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1523800099698799.
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Sun, Tik. "Classical Size Effect in Copper Thin Films: Impact of Surface and Grain Boundary Scattering on Resistivity." Doctoral diss., Orlando, Fla. : University of Central Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/CFE0002959.
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Simmons, John D. Jr. "The Effects of Firm Size on the Entrepreneurial Orientation Dimensions of Innovativeness, Proactiveness, and Risk-Taking." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1275870430.
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Kim, Ick Chan. "Experimental investigation of size effect on thermal conductivity for ultra-thin amorphous poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) films." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1348.
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Haccart, Thibault. "Élaboration et caractérisations de films minces piézoélectriques de PZT et de PNZT déposés sur silicium par pulvérisation cathodique. Intégration dans les microsystèmes." Valenciennes, 2000. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/8dd931ab-016f-43d0-a6c6-9ebdcad8257f.
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Ce travail présente, notamment, les résultats relatifs aux propriétés piézoélectriques de films minces de PZT et de PNZT déposés par pulvérisation cathodique dans le but d'une intégration dans les microsystèmes silicium. L’évolution de leurs performances a été étudiée en fonction de la structure cristalline, de la microstructure, de l'épaisseur du film et de la concentration de dopant (le niobium). Il a été mis en évidence que la contribution des domaines et des parois de domaines ferroélectriques est capitale pour l'obtention de performances piézoélectrique élevées. Ainsi l'épaississement des films, la croissance des grains et les faibles concentrations de dopant ont un effet bénéfique sur les propriétés diélectriques, ferroélectriques et piézoélectriques des films de PZT. La réalisation de dispositifs intégrant un actionnement piézoélectrique a été démontrée. Dans ce cadre, de nouvelles technologies dédiées au matériau PZT ont été développées au laboratoire : dépôt localisé, reprise, gravure ionique.
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Cravo, Tulio A. "SMEs, regional economic growth and cycles in Brazil." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2011. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/9147.
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This thesis presents an examination of the importance of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) for economic growth and examines how sensitive employment in SMEs is to business cycle fluctuations in Brazil. The thesis uses different empirical techniques to investigate the role of SMEs in the Brazilian regional economic growth, using a panel dataset from 1980 to 2004 for 508 Brazilian micro-regions. It first uses standard panel data estimators (OLS, LSDV, system and first differenced GMM) to analyse the (augmented) Solow growth model encompassing the importance of the relative size of the SME sector measured by the share of the SME employment in total formal employment and the level of human capital in SMEs measured by the average years of schooling of SME employees. The results show that the size of the SME sector is not significantly important for regional economic growth, but that human capital embodied in SMEs is more important in this process.
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Belgraver, Herman. "Resource contingencies and firm performance in global strategic alliances : an empirical study of the contingent effects of size, culture, institutions, and governance." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.602435.
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Knowledge creation is a firm specific resource that helps the firm in creating and modifying advanced corporate routines that may provide the firm with a competitive advantage. Building on the contingent resource-based view and related theories, this study investigates how the firms' performance depends on the investments in knowledge based resources, and how the value of these resources is contingent on environmental factors. This study uses a longitudinal dataset that consists of 26.911 strategic alliances covering a period of eleven years, 5.110 unique focal firms, 80 focal firm countries, and 239 unique focal firms' three digit industry sectors. This basic dataset was adapted for the four separate studies that were conducted for this .thesis. This study makes the following five contributions. Firstly, to the resource-contingency theory by explicitly investigating the contingency factors that influence knowledge related resources. Secondly, to the debate between the resource-based view and the relational view over the resource control vs. resource access requirements, by differentiating the resource attributes which need to be controlled and which need to be accesses. In addition, the study positions this debate in the institutional context. Thirdly, the study contributes to the debate about the 'illusion of cultural distance symmetry', by revealing the importance of the point of reference in distance. This study shows that the home country institutional quality is a determining factor for the performance implications of an institutional and cultural distance. Furthermore the study contributes to the diversification literature, by delineating geographic from industry diversification and exploring its interaction in the context of learning. Finally, this study contributes to the absorptive capacity literature, by arguing that the fit between the nature of the internal knowledge development and the nature of the external knowledge network are determining factors for the performance of absorptive capacity.
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FERREIRA, VINICIUS FADINI B. DE M. "THE SIZE EFFECT ON FIRMS RETURNS IN THE BRAZILIAN MARKET AND HOW THE CONTROL FOR OTHER FACTORS MAY INFLUENCE RESULTS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2017. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=33190@1.
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Esta dissertação busca replicar, para o mercado brasileiro, a abordagem e as metodologias utilizadas por Asness, Frazzini e Perdersen (2015) na tentativa de verificar a existência de prêmio positivo entre os retornos de firmas pequenas e firmas grandes no mercado norte-americano. Adicionalmente, procura mensurar como o fator Qualidade entre outros, poderiam influenciar no resultado desse prêmio, otimizando-o ou não de acordo com o controle para tais variáveis. O trabalho se pauta no modelo clássico de precificação de Fama e French, tanto para definir o fator que representará o prêmio por tamanho como para a criação de diversos portfólios que resultam nos outros fatores a serem considerados nas regressões de cada estudo.This paper seeks to replicate, for the Brazilian market, the approach and methodologies used by Asness, Frazzini and Perdersen (2015) in an attempt to verify the existence of a positive premium among the returns of small firms and large firms in the North American market. In addition, it seeks to measure how the Quality factor, among others, could influence the results of this premium, optimizing it or not according to the control for such variables. The paper is based on the classic Fama and French pricing model, both to define the factor that will represent the size premium and creation of several portfolios that result in the other factors to be considered in the regressions of each study.
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Jang, Seon Deog. "The Effect of Stock Splits on Small, Medium, and Large-sized Firms Before and After Decimalization." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2013. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc407794/.
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This study examines the impact of reducing tick size and, in particular decimalization on stock splits. Based on previous studies, this study examines hypotheses in the following three areas: first, market reaction around stock split announcement and ex-dates, second, the effect of tick size on liquidity after stock split ex-dates, and third, the effect of tick size on return volatility after stock split ex-dates. The impact of tick size on market reaction around split announcement and ex-dates is measured by abnormal returns and buy and hold abnormal returns (BHARs). Also, this study investigates the long term impact of decimalization on market reaction for small, medium, and large firms for the three different tick size periods. The effect of tick size on liquidity after stock split ex-dates is measured by turnover, relative bid ask spread, and market maker count. The effect of tick size on return volatility around stock split announcement and ex-dates is measured by return standard deviation. Also, this study investigates the long term impact of decimalization on volatility after split ex-dates for small, medium, and large firms for three different tick size periods.
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TO, THI DUNG. "CORPORATE GOVERNANCE Empirical Research on Board Size, Board Composition, Board Activity, Ownership Concentration and Their Effects on Performance Of Vietnamese Listed Companies." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Handels- och IT-högskolan, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-20773.
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Corporate governance (CG) is a popular topic that gets more concerns today, especially infast developing countries. Numbers of projects and studies relating to CG and their effectson financial performance of companies have been done in many countries, but still this kindof topic is quite new in Vietnam.This paper tries to find out if there is any relationship between board size & composition,board activity, and ownership concentration and firm performances. Based on collectinginformation of listed companies in Vietnam, I use statistical analysis and quantitativemethod to get the paper’s objectives.Based on CG theory and the role of CG structures such as board of directors, ownershipstructure, and this paper also make a review on the compliance of listed companies with CGrules at Vietnamese market recently.Our empirical findings show that independent directors enhanced firm performance;inversely, the dual position of CEO and Chairman has a positive relation with firm value.Besides, age of director and the number of directors meeting play important roles in firmvalue. However, no significant impact of board size, board gender diversity, top tenshareholders concentration and levels of state ownership on firm performance. Lastly,regression model of market performance shows that the duality of CEO and Chairman andthe number of independent directors are significant impact on firm value.
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Naili, El-Hadi Ali. "Behaviour of cellular beams having different opening sizes, steel decking shapes and restraint effect in fire conditions." Thesis, Ulster University, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.568793.
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The growing popularity of the use of cellular steel beams in composite floors comes at the same time as an increasing attention to fire safety engineering design. The recommendation for their design in fire limit states remains very primitive and this is due to the lack of general research in this area. A total of six simply-supported and restrained composite cellular floor beams subjected to elevated temperatures, were tested at The University of Ulster. The first three beams conducted were simply-supported of 4.5 m span lengths, with main variables, different steel geometries and opening shapes. The beams were subjected to single and two point loadings represented by load ratio of 0.3 determined from the pre-design and finite element modelling of the sections at ambient temperature for the evaluation of the failure loads. Deflections were recorded using linear variable differential transducers (L VDT) during the fire tests, and temperatures were measured using thermocouples located along the length of the steel beams and the composite slabs. The main failure modes in two tests were the web post buckling associated with Vierendeel bending; whereas the latter was the main failure mode in the symmetric composite cellular beam with two elongated web openings. Similar failure modes were observed in the finite element modelling at ambient temperature. The experimental results have been compared against the results obtained by DIANA software for finite element modelling and were in good agreement. The capability of the model demonstrated excellent prediction for the three tests in terms of temperature distribution, deflection behaviour and failure mode after improvements were made to the models. A parametric study has been conducted using the analytical based web-post failure characterized by the failure of the critical section for the evaluation of temperature and time of failure. The results were also compared with the experimental data and were found in good correlation when using the appropriate effective length subjected to buckling, which is different from one beam to another beam. However, it was found that the formula of shear buckling capacity of the web post at elevated temperatures provided in the SCI [22] documentation, which is expressed in terms of longitudinal shear needs to be adjusted in order to predict accurate effective length of post web buckling for cellular beams, with different geometries and cross sectional dimensions. The second phase of fire tests was restrained cellular beams with longer span lengths of 7.5 m. Different parameters were investigated by varying the depths of composite slabs and shape of steel decking compared to the tests of simply-supported beams. The beams were also pre-designed first at ambient temperature in order to evaluate the failure loading and 0.3 of this load was considered in the three tests. The finite element modelling at cold temperature showed that the beams considered as simply-supported failed due to flexural bending accompanied with Vierendeel mechanism at different load levels. Similar instruments and equipment have been used as in the tests of simply-supported beams, and the difference is represented by the restraint frame that was positioned around the furnace where the specimens were axially restrained and subjected to heating. In addition, strain gauges were used at different locations in the cold-ends of the cellular beams, top of the slabs and the frame for the measurement of strains. The failure modes in the tests were flexural bending associated with initial stage of Vierendeel bending and the buckling of the web posts. There was no occurrence of lateral buckling as expected due to the low degree of restraint and type of end-condition used. The web post buckling was the main failure mode in composite beam with the smallest depth of composite slab, a sudden change occurred at the last stage when compressive forces changed into tensile force that can lead to the development of catenary action and the occurrence of lateral buckling of the bottom flange. The effect of restraint on cellular beams has been carried out first using finite element mode ling before the fire tests where asymmetric and symmetric composite cellular beams with circular web-openings have been studied under high and low restraint factors at ambient and elevated temperatures. At ambient temperature, the main failure modes were web-posts buckling for both sections in case of low restraint factor as in the case of simply-supported beams; whereas web-posts buckling occurred and followed by lateral torsional buckling in case of high restraint factor. In both sections, compressive forces increase with the increase in loading, and the load-carrying capacity is significant in case of high restraint factor compared to low restraint factor due to high compressive force developed from composite slab and the catenary action allowing the section to experience maximum deflection before failure. At elevated temperature, the web-posts buckling was the main failure mode for a low degree of restraint; whereas, a severe web-posts buckling followed by lateral torsional buckling were the main failure modes for a high restraint factor. The restrained beams tested have been modelled using the model developed and all the data gathered during the tests in terms of temperatures recordings and axial stiffness. The model showed a good correlation with the tests results and was next extended beyond the limit of the experimental fire tests by considering the full fire exposed lengths of the cellular beams; by investigating the influence of different degrees of restraint conditions and depths of composite slabs having different shapes of steel decking.
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Domingo, Brian-Alexander T. "Why is MySpace the place for friends? : An ethnographic study on the effects of social-networking site use on socialization." Scholarly Commons, 2006. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/639.
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This ethnographic study investigated the underlying motivations behind college-aged students ' use of the popular social-networking site, MySpace. It also examined how MySpace influences online and offline relationships as well as impacts individuals' self concept. The research method included an initial unobtrusive observation of 50 random MySpace pages, participant-observation of informants' sites and 18 interviews with the study's participants. Each component of this ethnographic design helps reveal various patterns associated with relational and self motivations using MySpace.
Following transcription analysis and multi-tiered triangulation among interview, participant-observation and lurking data, the information was compiled in a matrix to help break down and to evaluate data in manageable pieces. Two key findings related to concepts of self and relationships resulted from this study. The first discovery suggested that participants engage in a number of relational maintenance strategies, particularly activities associated with alleviating dialectical tensions, such as autonomy and togetherness. Secondly, the study revealed that MySpace members constantly negotiate their ideal and actual selves through computer-mediated communication, based on reflective appraisals from significant others on MySpace. Taken together, relational maintenance strategies and self-concept activities are engineered by the users' need to necessarily learn the values, norms and culture associated with life in MySpace.
The study builds upon previous literature on ethnographical methods, computer-mediated communication, relational maintenance, self-concepts and socialization practices. This thesis contributes to burgeoning research in virtual ethnography as well as to emerging, yet underrepresented academic research investigating social networking sites use motivations.
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Ma, Jiayang. "Selective Observations of Chemical Structures of Heat-treated Poly(acrylonitrile) Films at The Surface and Core Regions by Solid-state NMR." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1555600643937118.
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Bocchi, Carlo. "The effects of assembly line-side supply on individuals employed in satellite operations within automotive manufacturers." Thesis, Port Elizabeth Technikon, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/56.
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The adoption of just-in-time in satellite operations within an automotive manufacturer, is rapidly becoming a trend within motor industry clusters. This type of organisation within an organisation adopts a lean structure to operate effectively and efficiently. The objective of this paper is to unveil factors which influence this type of workplace, particularly focusing on which factors which are relevant to Faurecia East London Plant. The literature study was used to illustrate the various theories relevant to manufacturing techniques, employee motivational and job satisfaction theories. The empirical study tested factors illustrated in the literature study. The empirical study was also to develop a specific model suitable for satellite organisations. The model presented together with the literature and empirical study was used to formulate findings and solve the main and sub-problems.
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Chou, Yi-Hsin, and 周怡忻. "Firm Size and Spillover Effect." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23286394002936232032.
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碩士銘傳大學
財務金融學系碩士在職專班
101
This paper uses spillover index to measure the spillover effect between the small-, medium-, and large-size firms in US stock market from January 1999 to January 2010. In contrast with previous study, we utilized a generalized vector autoregressive framework proposed by Diebold and Yilmaz (2012) in which forecast-error variance decompositions are invariant to the variable ordering. In addition, this paper includes the medium-size firms in our experiments to evaluate its importance in stock market. For the small-, medium-, and large-size firms, our empirical results support the inattention effect in stock market in that medium-size firm has the largest net spillover effects. Moreover, as for the large- and small-size firms, this study supports market-wide effects proposed by Francis et al. (2010). Specifically, the paper provides evidence that the large-size firms have a net spillover effect on small-size firms. By contrast, the small-size firms are more sensitive to market-wide information during the market downturns than other periods.
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Wilson, Hugh. "The firm size effect : an application of hierarchy theories /." 2000. http://www.library.unsw.edu.au/~thesis/adt-NUN/public/adt-NUN20001013.113237/index.html.
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Lin, Shr-Bing, and 林世彬. "Overreaction Effect and Firm Size in the Taiwan Stock Market." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46484836702717328700.
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碩士國立雲林科技大學
財務金融系碩士班
92
Overreaction means the phenomena that drastic changes in prices which result from certain events and the changes overshoot the range predicted by theory, and then rebound. Overreaction Hypothesis refers that the winner portfolio and loser portfolio will adjust to reflect their true market value through time. And by using the arbitrage strategy that buying winner portfolio and selling loser portfolio, we can gain the excess return. This paper selects 70 companies in Taiwan Stock Market to investigate if there exists the phenomena of overreaction in our stock market. We use weekly data from 1999 to 2003 for study period. Furthermore, due to the happening of 911 and SARS, we add the daily data in 911 and SARS period for study period in addition. Our study finds that without considering firm size, there is no overreaction effect in Taiwan Stock Market. After controlling firm size, there is still no overreaction in Taiwan Stock Market. According to above empirical results, we can conclude that there seems no overreaction effect in Taiwan Stock Market.
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LIN, CHENG-KAI, and 林鉦凱. "The Effect of Audit Firm Size on Annual Report Readability." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/adg3y2.
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碩士輔仁大學
會計學系碩士班
106
The purpose of financial statement is to assist users making decision. Previous studies show that high disclosure quality of financial statement reduces information asymmetry and makes interested parties understand more about the operation of firm. Management has the responsibility of compiling financial statement. Consequently, management can hide or blur the expression of information if there is something adverse to firm. Furthermore, audit quality is important for financial statement because financial statement has to be audited by the audit firm. And the past researches usually use audit firm size to represent audit quality. Therefore, we explore whether audit firm size will affect the disclosure quality of financial statement. Disclosure quality is measured by the readability of 10-K financial statement and whether company is audited by Big 4 audit firm is the proxy of audit quality. The empirical results show that audit firm size is negatively correlated with annual report readability. It suggests that if the firm is audited by the Big 4, the CPA will require the disclosure of number and ways complying with the laws more completely than non Big 4. As a result, management can only hide or blur the adverse news through reducing the readability of 10-K to influence disclosure quality, and then mislead the user of financial statement.
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Ishii, Hisako. "The effect of firm size on employment practices in Japan wage differentials and quasi-fixed employment costs across firm sizes /." 1993. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/33670823.html.
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Hong, Huei-Jyun, and 洪慧君. "International Experience and Entry Mode Strategy-Moderating Effect of Firm Size." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86679733042531289892.
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碩士聖約翰科技大學
企業管理系碩士班
100
International experience plays a crucial role in the choice of foreign entry mode, but its influence may vary across firms. This study investigates the difference of such an influence between BEs(big enterprises) and SMEs (small and medium enterprises). We then hypothesize that inexperienced SMEs firms, compared with inexperienced BEs firms, are more likely to choose JVs rather than WOSs. An analysis of 4196 entries by Taiwanese MNEs into 38 countries supports the hypotheses.
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Tarvainyte, Justina. "The effect of firm size on export performance: a meta-analysis." Dissertação, 2014. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/77262.
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Tarvainyte, Justina. "The effect of firm size on export performance: a meta-analysis." Master's thesis, 2014. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/77262.
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Huang, Chiu Ying, and 黃秋螢. "The Relationship Between Weekday Effect and Firm Size in Taiwan Stock Market." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/33407995049757982978.
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碩士長庚大學
企業管理研究所
99
As time pass and with the convenient internet, investors could collect their informations correctly and quickly. In recent investigations, show that the day-of-the-week effect in Europe and American stock markets would disappear with time. My thesis is to compare the weekly return of TAIEX and listed firms from 1990 to 2009, the effect of two days holiday for each two weeks and five days workweek. After separated from trading days, the empirical results indicated that the day-of-the week of TAIEX was disappeared. Otherwise, all listed firms had significantly negative Tuesday return and the weekend effect in all period, but didn’t occur every year. The examine resule shows that when a particular year consists of mostly negative or positive return weeks, then could drive changes to the weekday effect. In addition, the small size of firms could happen more easily. After using this specific weekday effect and testing the performances of the six strategies which bought on the first Tuesday and sold on the last Friday, would get above positive feedback.
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Ya-hwa, Liao, and 廖雅華. "The Effect of Firm Size and Information Dissemination on the Profitability of Technical Analysis." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/57146345450165806519.
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碩士東海大學
財務金融學系碩士在職專班
98
This research addresses the effect of firm size and information dissemination on the profitability of technical analysis. We study the profitability of technical trading for the samples of the 20 largest and 20 smallest listed firms in Taiwan Stock Exchange. Our research methodology uses trading range break-out rules combing 1-day moving average of Brock, Lakonishok, and Lebaron (1992) and 50-day, 100-day, 150-day, and 200-day moving averages of Metghalchi, Chang, and Marcucci (2007). The empirical evidence shows that the profitability of trading rules of (1, 100), (1, 150), and (1,200) is larger for the firms with smallest firm size than those with largest firm size. The implications provide that the degree of information dissemination is lower for small firms so that investors gain higher returns by using technical trading analysis. Furthermore, we find that the returns of buy-days are higher than those of sell-days and they also beat the buy-and-hold returns. Finally we employ Superior Predictive Ability tests to rank the profitability of technical trading. The results shows that longer period moving average trading rules perform better than shorter period moving average trading rules. This research also presents that the weak-form market efficiency is not supported for Taiwan stock markets.
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Kapilakanchana, Montalee. "The Effect of Branding and Firm Size on the Recurrence of Food Recall Events Associated with Pathogenic Contamination in the United States." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-05-11091.
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Food recalls caused by pathogens receive considerable public attention due to health risk and the potential loss to the companies involved. There are very few studies analyzing the relationship between food recalls and characteristics of the companies involved. Because of the significance of the problem and lack of available research, the association between food recalls caused by pathogen and characteristics of the companies involved is examined in this thesis.
To address the problem, data on food product recalls in the United States from January 2000 to October 2009 are used. Only the events caused by pathogens are analyzed in the thesis. The firms that have multiple recall incidents are the units of analysis. The study employs an econometric model with discrete choice modeling approaches: logit and probit.
There are two main hypotheses. Firstly, it is hypothesized that branding decreases the likelihood of the occurrence of the repeated recall event. Secondly, size of the firm is hypothesized to be associated with higher likelihood of recurrence. The major finding is that branding and firm size are associated with higher probability of the recurrence of food recall events associated with pathogenic contamination. A firm that produces branded products is around 15 percent more likely to have a recurrence of food recall events than a firm producing unbranded product. This finding points out the interesting and unexpected issue that branding is not associated with improved performance in food safety. Additionally, an increase in firm size has a minute but significant association with rising likelihood to have a recurrence of a food recall event. This study is the first concerning the firm level factors that can influence risk of the recurrence of food recall incidents involving pathogens. Thus, its results are distinctive and can benefit both government and private sectors with respect to food safety policy or food safety standards.
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ZHANG, JIA-CHUN, and 張嘉純. "A Study on the Manager’s Compensation and Firm Size-The Moderating Effect of Corporate Strategies." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/352f7h.
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碩士銘傳大學
會計學系碩士班
101
This research is aimed to discuss the compensation of the manager affected by the firm size in electrical industry as well as the influence by the company strategy on the original relation between the firm size and the manager’s compensation. The electrical industry is on the trend of expanding its scale due to merger and broadening the operation scope so this study explores the connection between the firm size and the manager’s compensation. In addition, the electrical industry is now standing in the environment of fierce competition and rapid product phase-out situation. For companies in the electronics industry, a proper corporate strategy is relatively more important, especially when they need diversification and product innovation to maintain their competitiveness and to realize sustainable operations. Therefore, this study also examines the effects of a diversification strategy and an innovation strategy on manager’s compensation, and then further investigates if the diversification strategy and the innovation strategy have moderating effects on manager’s compensation and the firm size. The empirical results indicate manager’s compensation is greater in large firms and the greater levels of diversification and innovation will be associated with greater levels of Manager’s compensation. The higher levels of diversification firm size will have a stronger relationship with CEO compensation.
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Lin, Yu-Kan, and 林郁侃. "The Size of CPA Firm and The Risk of Auditor Changes to Reporting Decision The EffectThe Size of CPA Firm and The Risk of Auditor Changes to Reporting Decision The Effect." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/07943413951339098623.
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碩士雲林科技大學
會計系研究所
97
This research focuses on whether incentives (e.g. the risk of auditor changes) will affect the independent character of auditors, and whether the size of CPA firm being relation tor reporting decision made by auditors. Finally, it centers on the observation how auditors justified with the accounting standard. The results indicate that the incentive (the risk of auditor changes) has effect on the reporting decision made by auditors of big CPA firms, and the size of CPA firm is related to reporting decision by auditors. In addition, we found auditors use vague disclosure criteria in financial accounting standards in a manner that justifies their reporting decision.
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Chang, Huai-Wen, and 張懷文. "The Wealth Effect of Cooperation Experience on Strategic Alliance – the Moderating Role of Firm Size and Industry." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/41358150042248236394.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
商學研究所
98
The main objective of this research is to investigate the wealth effect of cooperation experience on strategic alliances. This research run an empirical study, focus on China context to test the universal applicability of previous researches. The final sample contains 285 alliances formed by at least one Chinese listed company, among all these alliances, 166 of them are experienced ones, and 119 are in-experienced ones. This research followed typical event study method, use the abnormal return generated from CAPM as the measurement of the alliances expected performance. The result shows positive wealth effect of inter-firm cooperation experience on strategic alliances. Furthermore, the result shows those firms with larger firm size or within the high-tech industry benefit more from those experience effect.
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王姿惠. "The effect of firm size and industry competition on asymmetric sensitivity of CEO cash compensation to stock returns." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/53591415094864767380.
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碩士國立政治大學
會計研究所
99
This study investigates the effect of firm size and industry competition on the asymmetric sensitivity of CEO cash compensation to the stock returns. Leone et al. (2006) shows that since stock returns include both unrealized gains and losses, cash compensation would be less sensitive to stock returns when returns contains unrealized gains (positive returns) than when returns contain unrealized losses (negative returns). As an extension, this study examines whether firm size and industry competition affect the sensitivity of cash compensation to market performance and the asymmetry of sensitivity of cash compensation to stock returns. Based on the CEO cash compensation during 2000 and 2009 from ExecuComp database, the empirical results show that the firm size has positive effect on sensitivity of cash compensation to market performance while the industry competition has negative effect. Moreover, the asymmetry of sensitivity of CEO cash compensation to stock returns increases as firm size and industry competition increase.