Academic literature on the topic 'Firewood industry'

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Journal articles on the topic "Firewood industry"

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Nybakk, Erlend, Anders Lunnan, Jan Inge Jenssen, and Pablo Crespell. "The importance of social networks in the Norwegian firewood industry." Biomass and Bioenergy 57 (October 2013): 48–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2012.11.018.

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Leandro dos Santos, Leonardo, José Elson Soares Filho, Liszandra Fernanda Araújo Campos, Heber Sivini Ferreira, and Ricardo Peixoto Suassuna Dutra. "The Incorporation of the Ceramic Industry Firewood Ash into Clayey Ceramic." Materials Science Forum 798-799 (June 2014): 240–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.798-799.240.

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Much industrial waste has mineralogical, chemical and physical characteristics similar to clays used in ceramic materials, enabling the reuse of these as raw materials in the ceramic industry. The ashes are a type of waste containing metals, which can cause air pollution, responsible for serious respiratory problems in the affected population. This study investigate the use of waste derived from the carbonization of a solid fuel (wood) in ceramic paste used for the manufacture of rustic floors, aiming its incorporation into the mix, partially replacing (lessening the environmental problem) the usage of raw material (saving clay), enabling the analysis of certain variables of sample preparation (characterization and formulation) and their influence on the final properties of the material. Results indicate that the partial replacement of clay by ash is feasible in the chemical and mineralogical aspects in the formulation of ceramic paste in the manufacturing of rustic floors.
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Insusanty, Enny, Azwin Azwin, and Emy Sadjati. "PERBANDINGAN PENGGUNAAN BAHAN BAKAR DAN NILAI TAMBAH INDUSTRI TEMPE PENGGUNA KAYU BAKAR." Wahana Forestra: Jurnal Kehutanan 11, no. 1 (January 14, 2016): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.31849/forestra.v11i1.135.

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This study aims to determine the use of various fuels and value -added soybean industry users of firewood. Experimental research method is to determine the time and the volume of a variety of fuels . To obtain data on value -added soybean industry firewood users do method survey conducted to tempe entrepreneurs with purposive sampling method.Based on data from the fuel use of the most efficient cooking time to enter into the boiling water experiment is the same volume that is 2 liters of data is obtained using the gas. LPG has a high thermal energy by combustion fuel for 7 minutes with a volume of 0.054 kg of fuel chart . Then followed with the use of kerosene to take 10 minutes and liters of fuel for boiling water 0,01. Fire resulting from green kerosene a little sooty issued. Meanwhile, firewood and wood pellets takes 15 minutes with a volume of 2 kg of fuel.Value of the average profit businesses tempeh is Rp 290,000 per sack (50 kg), which according to tempe entrepreneurs already minimal profit because of the high price of soybeans is currently through the price of Rp 450,000 / sack . With the price of Rp 9.000/kg obtained soybean processing industry added value of Rp 9000/kg soybean tempeh, profit Rp7.500/kg soybean, margin Rp 11.000/kg soybeans, and other inputs Rp 2000/kg ( 18.18 %) were include wood fuel input of Rp 500/kg soybean or 4.5 %.
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Kartika, Ahmad Maulana, Aa Setiawan, Dedi Suwandi, and Wardika Wardika. "Rancang Bangun Boiler Pemanas Tahu Kapasitas 90 kW Dengan Tungku Gasifikasi Berbahan Bakar Sekam Padi." MECHANICAL 8, no. 2 (April 15, 2018): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/mech.v8.i2.201708.

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Boilers that used in the tofu industry in Indramayu are still use firewood as a fuel. The use of firewood as a fuel in boiler is not effective because it affects the destruction of forests as producers of plants (timber) and oxygen in earth. On the other hand there are also many rice husks that mount in the rice mill and has not been utilized by the surrounding community. Therefore, this research is conducted to utilize rice husk as fuel in boiler for cooking tofu with boiler. This research begins by doing a survey in the field of industry to know about the capacity of traditional wood-fired boilers, which capacity is obtained of 90kW capacity. Then the next step is making boiler husk based on the existing calculations to determine the size of the boiler to be made. Data retrieval is carried out until the temperature of the air boils with a tolerance of up to 30 minutes. Based on the results of the test, the rice husk boiler that has a capacity of 98.3 kW, greater than the value of designing that only 90 kW capacity of combustion and able to heat 190 kg of water within 35 minutes, so it can be used as a substitute of firewood boiler.
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Tumisem, T., and S. Suwarno. "Degradasi Hutan Bakau Akibat Pengambilan Kayu Bakar oleh Indutri Kecil Gula Kelapa di Cilacap." Forum Geografi 22, no. 2 (December 20, 2008): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/forgeo.v22i2.4989.

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A study on degradations mangrove forest due to firewood exploitation by coconut palm sugar home industry in Cilacap. Information on social economic aspect and respons of coconut palm sugar home industry to using fuel substitutions were collected by using a questioner. The potential of mangrove as a firewood source was estimated by quadrat method. The study has been carried out on dry and rainy season. The wood production of available 8000 ha of mangrove from Cilacap primarily Rhizophora apiculata Linn and Rhizophora mucronata Lamk were 3.249.920 m³. The results showed that the declining of mangrove was about 19,250 m² in dry season and 26,551 m² in rainy season, this was correlated with the amount of nira to be processed that was 0,782 m³ in dry season and 1,079 m³ in rainy season. Deforestation of mangrove forest due to change of mangrove zonation. Rhizophora apiculata Linn and Rhizophora mucronata Lamk will be domination Nypa fruticans that is shown superficiality to continent form.
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Hirai, Kensuke. "Energy Use in the Sugar Industry in Colonial Taiwan (1895–1945)." Asian Review of World Histories 9, no. 1 (December 11, 2020): 59–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22879811-12340085.

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Abstract This paper discusses energy use in the Taiwanese sugar industry under Japanese colonial rule (1895–1945) and reconsiders the “unilinear energy shift” from organic resources to fossil resources. Although the sugar industry could obtain much of its energy from bagasse, it had to procure supplementary energy sources, such as firewood and coal from energy markets. Furthermore, technological improvements made by the sugar industry resulted in increased demand for these supplementary energy sources. Companies improved supply by increasing the range of procurement options according to the fluctuation of relative prices between resources or by improving procurement methods through negotiating with seller and transporter, and they lowered demand through the introduction of energy-saving technologies. As a result of each company pursuing the “optimal energy mix” in response to its own business environment (corporate culture, location, and management strategy), energy consumption did not converge on coal as a single source but diversified.
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Gejdoš, Miloš, and Jozef Suchomel. "Potential, Prices and Resources of Raw Wood Assortments for the Pulp and Paper Industry in Central Europe." Key Engineering Materials 688 (April 2016): 210–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.688.210.

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In the last decade the prices of wood in Slovakia were affected by the global economic crisis, rising intensity and extent of incidental felling and specific market conditions in SR. This paper analyses the shares of selected raw wood assortments supplies for the pulp and paper industry in Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Austria and Germany for the period 2008-2013. We also analyse the price trends of raw-wood assortments of the III.C class spruce, fir and beech saw-logs, pulpwood and firewood in selected countries of Austria, the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The analysed period represented the last 7 years (from 2008 - April 2015). The last part is devoted to evaluation of the potential of these assortments as a source of raw material for pulp and paper industry.
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Styawan, Farid, Dwidjono Hadi Darwanto, and Lestari Rahayu Waluyati. "Permintaan Kedelai Pada Industri Rumah Tangga Tahu Di Kabupaten Sleman." Agro Ekonomi 27, no. 2 (December 26, 2016): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jae.22932.

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The needs of domestic consumption of soybean tends increasing every year, one of them for tofu industry inputs. This study aims to determine: 1) the factors that influence the demand for soybean on tofu industry in Sleman Regency, 2) the value-added generated from tofu industry in Sleman Regency, 3) the factors that affect tofu industry profits in Sleman Regency. The method used in this research is descriptive analysis method. This research was conducted in Seyegan districts and Gamping districts in 2016, and taken proportionally 65 people tofu industry as respondents. Factors that affect demand for soybean on tofu industry and the factors that affect tofu profitability were calculated using linear regression analysis, while the value-added on tofu industry calculated using the value-added method of Hayami. The results showed that demand for soybean is influenced by soybean prices, labor costs, the price of firewood, and the ownership status of the milling machine. Then, the value-added of fried tofu is Rp 5.602,4/kg of soybean, the value-added of white tofu is Rp 5.175,2/kg of soybean, and the value-added of yellow tofu is Rp 3.999,6/kg of soybean. The results also showed that the profits of tofu industry in Sleman influenced by labor costs, the price of soybeans, production capacity, business experience, and the price of coagulant.
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Brašanac-Bosanac, Ljiljana, Tatjana Ćirković-Mitrović, Saša Eremija, Snežana Stajić, and Aleksandar Lučić. "Improving the use of forest-based biomass for energy purposes in Serbia." Sustainable Forestry: Collection, no. 77-78 (2018): 113–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/sustfor1877113b.

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Serbia is one of the countries of Southeastern Europe with significant potentials for using biomass from forests and wood processing industry in the form of wood residues for the production of modern fuels. This type of biomass has not been used efficiently. One of the reasons is the traditional use of firewood for domestic heating needs despite its lower energy efficiency compared to pellets and briquettes. According to FAO methodology, the estimated energy potential of the available biomass derived from forests and wood processing industry in Serbia amounts to 1.53 Mtoe/year. According to the Energy Sector Development Strategy of the Republic of Serbia for the period by 2025 with projections by 2030 together with relevant Decisions on the energy balance determination, the degree of the use of potentially available biomass from forests and wood processing industry is around 1.02 Mtoe/year (66.7%). The remaining unused potential of this biomass is estimated at around 0.51Mtoe / year. Besides the study of the state of biomass from forests and wood processing industry, the paper provides recommendations on how to increase the utilization rate of this biomass in Serbia.
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Kursky, Viktor F., Alexey G. Shchelochkov, and Artem A. Bechenkov. "Ignition fluids as objects of chemical research in the investigation of arson crimes." Butlerov Communications 64, no. 12 (December 31, 2020): 120–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.37952/roi-jbc-01/20-64-12-120.

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In connection with the development of modern industry, various means appear to make the life of citizens easier, but this is also used by criminals, modifying, and sometimes leaving some objects in their original state. This is exactly what happened with a new type of ignition means – liquids for lighting firewood and charcoal. Criminals began to use such liquids as a means of crime when setting fire to buildings, structures, cars. The article discusses the physicochemical study of liquids for ignition, sold in the retail trade network as a product for lighting firewood and coal. The wide selection and availability of these objects allows them to be used in the commission of crimes related to arson. The paper considers the range of liquids for ignition with the establishment of their chemical composition, compliance with the composition declared by the manufacturer. A study of eleven samples, often found in the sale of means for ignition, was carried out by gas chromatography using a gas chromatograph Kristall-5000.2 with a flame ionization detector, in addition, the obtained compositions were compared with the manufacturer's declared on the label. It was found that for a number of samples the compositions differ from those declared, for example, the manufacturer declared a mixture of hydrocarbons for the ignition fluid "Lighter", but in fact only methanol, the fluid for ignition "FLAME" declared a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons, and in fact, ethanol, ethyl acetate and diethyl acetate. Thus, the manufacturer, trying to save on ingredients and production methods, uses cheaper and simpler chemical compositions.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Firewood industry"

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Raliselo, 'Muso Andreas. "Camelthorn (Acacia erioloba) firewood industry in Western Cape, South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53318.

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Thesis (MFor)--University of Stellenbosch, 2003.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The reliance of firewood demand on indigenous trees such as Acacia erioloba is a continuing phenomena despite the concern that over-exploitation of these resources will degrade the environment. This study tested the hypothesis that the cutting of A. erioloba in the Northern Cape is driven by (a) market demand in the Western Cape, (b) ignorance of the long-term ecological consequences and/or (c) ignorance of legislation along the chain of custody of this product. The assumption is that whoever is involved in the A. erioloba firewood industry (resource owner, trader or user) is neither aware of the protected status of the resource nor the negative consequences associated with the over-exploitation of the resource or they are driven by short term monetary gains. Therefore, there is a need to understand the needs of every participant in the chain and to further find out if there may be substitutes for A. erioloba firewood. The results of this study show that there is a market for firewood in the study area and that this demand is driven mainly by the availability rather than the quality of firewood. It will also be shown that Acacia mearnsii which is available in the study area is a better product than A. erioloba and therefore it can be a suitable replacement but consumers were found to bum almost everything that would give them embers. The most preferred firewood in the study area is A. cyclops. The concept of indigenous trees is not clearly understood by retailers and consumers. The major role players in the supply chain were found to be the retailers and the transport owners who may be targeted when firewood trade is to be stopped in the short-term. The results further highlighted the fact that the majority of consumers were aware that indigenous trees were protected in South Africa but the majority of retailers were not aware. The study recommends that firewood trade should be stopped completely by strict enforcement of the law or by the involvement of every role-player and/or that the trade should be regulated.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die fenomeen dat die aanvraag vir vuurmaakhout staatmaak op inheemse bome soos Acacia erioloba duur steeds voort ten spyte van die kommer dat oorbenutting van hierdie hulpbronne, ter versadiging van die behoeftes van 'n steeds toenemende populasie, die omgewing sal degradeer. Hierdie studie het die hipotese getoets dat die afsny van A. erioloba in die Noord- Kaap aangedryf word deur (a) die mark aanvraag in die Wes-Kaap, (b) onkunde oor die langtermyn ekologiese gevolge en/of (c) onkunde oor die wetgewing van hierdie produk by die skakels in die verskaffersketting. Die aanname is dat wie ook al betrokke is by die A. erioloba vuurmaakhout-industrie (hulpbron eienaar, handelaar of gebruiker) is beide onbewus van die beskermde status van die hulpbron asook van die negatiewe gevolge geassosieer met die oorbenutting van die hulpbron of hulle is aangedryf deur korttermyn monetêre gewin. Daarom is dit nodig om die behoefte van elke deelnemer in die ketting te verstaan en om verder uit te vind of daar plaasvervangers vir A. erioloba vuurmaakhout is. Die resultate van hierdie studie toon dat daar 'n aanvraag is vir vuurmaakhout in die studie-area en dat hierdie aanvraag hoofsaaklik gedryf word deur die beskikbaarheid, eerder as die kwaliteit van die hout. Daar salook aangetoon word dat Acacia mearnsii, wat in die studie-area beskikbaar is, 'n beter produk is as A. erioloba en dus 'n geskikte plaasvervanger kan wees, maar dit wil voorkom of die verbruikers omtrent enigiets sal brand wat kole sal verskaf. A. cyclops is die vuurmaakhout van voorkeur in die studie-area. Handelaars en verbruikers verstaan nie die konsep van inheemse bome duidelik nie. Die vernaamste rolspelers in die verskaffersketting is die handelaars en die eienaars van die vervoer en hulle kan die teikengroep wees as die handel in vuurmaakhout in die korttermyn stopgesit word. Die resultate het verder na vore gebring dat die meerderheid verbruikers daarvan bewus is dat inheemse bome beskermd is in Suid-Afrika, maar die meerderheid handelaars is nie hiervan bewus me. Hierdie studie maak die aanbeveling dat handel in vuurmaakhout totaal gestaak moet word deur strenger wette of deur die betrokkenheid van elke rolspeler en/of dat handel gereguleer moet word.
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Treweek, Allison, and n/a. "Wood, money and habitat to burn: environmental issues and the role of the educator." University of Canberra. Resource, Environmental & Heritage Sciences, 2002. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060427.114839.

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Nascimento, Wald?cio S?vio dos Anjos do. "Avalia??o dos impactos ambientais gerados por uma industria cer?mica t?pica da Regi?o do Serid?/RN." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2007. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/15735.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:58:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WaldecioSAN.pdf: 2259202 bytes, checksum: 5cc6fb8a72468793d81d509b30ee2013 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-03-02
The present work deals with an evaluation of the environmental impacts arised from a typical ceramics industry located in the Serid? region of Rio Grande do Norte State. That region contains the largest State s producing basin of red ceramics. The district of Parelhas stands out as the largest producing nucleus. The studied company is located in the rural zone of Parelhas, it was selected as study object because it possesses a great part of the representative characteristics of the Region s ceramics park as a whole. Impacts produced at the implantation and operation phases of the Company had been evaluated, being this last phase subdivided in stages of the productive process. Among found adverse impacts, they are distinguished: losses in air quality, undesirable noises, microclimatic alterations, impoverishment of the ground, elimination of the vegetal covering, agricultural exodus, crisis in cattle agriculture and, superficial and underground water contamination, beyond risks ocupational diseases and industrial accidents. The Leopold s interactive matrix, that summarizes results of the work, was presented in form of 15 (fifteen) tables that display impacts classified in qualitative and quantitative way. Totally, 175 (one hundred and seventy-five) significant impacts produced by this Company had been identified, being 114 (one hundred and fourteen) negative, 38 (thirty-eight) positive and 23 (twenty-three) among mixed, indefinite and inert ones. In the work, before the evaluation of impacts properly said, it was constructed a diagnostic table of the ambient situation at a previous moment to implantation of the Company, elaborated on basis of inferences and historical researches. It was proposed still, mitigative steps for adverse impacts identified, as also elaborated a program to accompaniment and observing that the fulfilment of indicated mitigative steps guarantees. The final part of the work contemplates conclusions and suggestions that aim to influence positively the presented sight in terms of environmental management
O presente trabalho trata de uma avalia??o de impactos ambientais gerados por uma ind?stria cer?mica t?pica da regi?o do Serid? do Rio Grande do Norte. Essa regi?o abriga a maior bacia produtora de cer?mica vermelha do Estado, destacando-se o munic?pio de Parelhas como maior n?cleo produtor. A empresa estudada localiza-se na zona rural do munic?pio de Parelhas, foi escolhida como objeto de estudo por reunir boa parte das caracter?sticas representativas do parque cer?mico da Regi?o como um todo. Foram avaliados os impactos produzidos nas fases de implanta??o e opera??o da Empresa, sendo esta ?ltima fase subdividida em etapas do processo produtivo. Entre os impactos adversos encontrados, destacam-se: perdas na qualidade do ar, ru?dos indesej?veis, altera??es no microclima, empobrecimento do solo, elimina??o da cobertura vegetal, ?xodo rural, crise na agricultura e pecu?ria, contamina??o de ?guas superficiais e subterr?neas, al?m de riscos de doen?as profissionais e acidentes de trabalho. A matriz interativa de Leopold, que resume os resultados do trabalho, foi apresentada na forma de 15 (quinze) tabelas que exp?em os impactos classificados de modo qualitativo e quantitativo. No total, foram identificados 175 (cento e setenta e cinco) impactos significativos produzidos por essa Empresa, sendo 114 (cento e quatorze) negativos, 38 (trinta e oito) positivos e outros 23 (vinte e tr?s) entre mistos, indefinidos e neutros. No trabalho, antes da avalia??o de impactos propriamente dita, foi constru?da uma tabela de diagn?stico da situa??o ambiental num momento anterior ? implanta??o da Empresa, elaborada com base em infer?ncias e pesquisas hist?ricas. Foram propostas ainda, medidas mitigadoras para impactos adversos identificados, como tamb?m elaborado um programa de acompanhamento e monitoramento que garanta o cumprimento das medidas mitigadoras indicadas. A parte final do trabalho contempla as conclus?es e sugest?es que visem influenciar positivamente o quadro apresentado em termos de gest?o ambiental
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Fabre, Camille. "« Pour hediffier ou pour ardoir ». Le bois à Toulouse à la fin du Moyen Âge." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040105.

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Cette thèse porte sur le développement du commerce du bois dans l’espace toulousain durant les deux derniers siècles du Moyen Âge (de la fin du XIIIe siècle au début du XVIe siècle). L’ambition de cette étude est de comprendre comment le bois s’est progressivement transformé en produit marchand. L’originalité de ce travail réside dans le projet d’appréhension exhaustive de la filière, en abordant à la fois la production mais aussi la pluralité des usages, du bois d’œuvre au combustible. Après deux chapitres consacrés à la caractérisation des ressources forestières et de leur mise en valeur, un troisième s’attache plus particulièrement à la qualification commerciale des produits ligneux écoulés sur le marché toulousain. Deux chapitres exposent ensuite les formes de la demande toulousaine et leur évolution, en s’appuyant en particulier sur l’étude des inventaires après décès toulousains. Un sixième chapitre concerne les transformations du transport du bois, et en particulier le développement du flottage. Vient ensuite une description de la structuration des métiers du bois d’œuvre, puis sur étude sur le développement du commerce du bois de chauffage. Enfin, un chapitre conclusif aborde la question de la pénurie de bois, à la lumière d’un travail sur les défrichements et sur les politiques menées par la ville pour améliorer l’approvisionnement à la fin du XVe siècle. L’ensemble du travail s’appuie sur l’usage de la cartographie statistique. Le résultat est la mise en évidence d’un net développement du commerce de bois de chauffage et de l’approvisionnement fluvial, même si ce commerce est souvent pris en charge par des non spécialistes, dans le cadre d’une pluriactivité marquée
This PhD deals with the expansion of the wood trade in the Toulouse area during the last two centuries of the Middle Ages (from the late 13th century to the early 16th century). The purpose of this study is to understand how wood became a recognized commodity. The originality of this word lies in the aim of globally comprehending the entire wood industry, from the production to the uses, from timber to firewood. The first two chapters are devoted to the management of woodlands, whereas the third one describes how wooden goods were qualified when put on the Toulouse market. Two chapters then examine the demand and its evolution,using the data collected from the inquisitions post mortem. The sixth chapter is dedicated to wood transport, especially using log floating. I then describe how several guilds were established, and how firewood trade developed. A final chapter examines the reality of a wood shortage, by studying clearances and public supply in the late 15th century. This work draws on statistic mapping. It’s concluded that firewood trade really did expend at the time, using water-transport, even though there were not any true wood merchants to find in Toulouse but only multi-trade sellers
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Lin, Cheng-chung, and 林正忠. "The Effects of Folklore-Yanshuei Firework Display-on Tourist Industry in the Year of 2003." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/54571471353134434961.

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碩士
國立臺南大學
鄉土文化研究所教學碩士班
91
Yanshuei Firework Display is a regional folk-cultural activity which has an important historical meaning. Through the ritual, we can learn the relationship between religion and people. We can also understand how the people continue, consider and create their culture. The main idea of this research is to study the effects of Yanshuei Firework Display on tourist industry. This research concerns about how the folk cultural celebration is transferred into the tourist industry, and what are the effects of the transferring on the local residents. Most studies about Yanshuei Firework Display, focus on firework historical background, the ritual itself, and the phenomena or the reasons of firework change through these years. However,it is a new field to study the effects of Yanshuei Firework Display on tourist industry . In this study, based on reviewing related documents and literatures, the main purpose of the research is not limited to residents only but more tourists. Through the idea of “folk culture tourismization” and the previous related researches, some aspects can be re-valued, such as the temples, residents, and the local government.Besides, the roles of the media, traveling business, and the tourists can be positioned by ways of interviewing the residents and the tourists. Therefore, the tourism effects in Yanshuei firework is worth studying.
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Yao-Ching, Chen, and 陳瑤卿. "Service Quality Word-of-Mouth of B&B Industry-A Case Study of Penghu Firework Festival." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/30122683637109347919.

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碩士
稻江科技暨管理學院
休閒遊憩管理學系碩士班
104
This goal of this study is understanding how the service quality and Word- of- Mouth(WOM) of Bed and Breakfast(B&B) influence travelers' choices. The study focuses on travelers from Taiwan island and the items of service common opinions they are most concerned about. Such as the characteristics of inquirers , and the rating of service quality are included . Questionnaires are taken for the evaluation, 260samples been dispatched and 250 got back, reaching 96% of the whole. Among them, 236 are effective samples, after removing the invalid. and the validity reaches 94%. Through questionnaires, travelers are inquired personally and their comments are carefully analyzed to accomplish a reliable statistical result. The result indicates obvious differences in the concern of WOM and the five facets among people from various age, career, education background and visiting times. The better educates prior inquiries care more about these five facets: reliable WOM, response WOM, guaranteed WOM, concerning WOM and tangible WOM. Whereas the lower educated are more ignorant of the above. Those aged between 31-45 put more emphasis on the five facets because mostly they are the finance suppliers of their families, and so they play the responsible and decisive roles, expecting perfect service qualities, in planning the trips. Consequently, B&B dealers are supposed to pay more attention to whether they offer satisfactory service to meet visitors' demand. Upgrading service qualities increases guests' satisfaction and promotes better comments, and accordingly, the guests will recommend their experiences to their friends and relatives. In this way, dealers attract more and more visitors without having to pay huge expense for commercials.
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Books on the topic "Firewood industry"

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Service, United States Forest. All firewood cutting requires a permit. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, 2004.

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Heinz-Ulrich, Thimm, ed. Firewood energy in Sierra Leone: Production, marketing, and household use patterns. Hamburg: Verlag Weltarchiv, 1986.

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San Francisco (Calif.). Office of the Controller. Audits Division. Airport Commission: Concession audit of Delta Air Lines, Inc. San Francisco: Office of the Controller, 2003.

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San Francisco (Calif.). Office of the Controller. Audits Division. Airport Commission: Concession audit of Lufthansa German Airlines. San Francisco: Office of the Controller, 2001.

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San Francisco (Calif.). Office of the Controller. Audits Division. Airport Commission: Concession audit of The Fog Bank Bar. San Francisco: Office of the Controller, 2001.

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Division, San Francisco (Calif ). Office of the Controller Audits. Airport Commission: Concession audit of Gotham Foods Two, LLC. San Francisco: Office of the Controller, 2004.

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San Francisco (Calif.). Office of the Controller. Audits Division. Airport Commission: Concession audit of Mexicana Airlines, January 1, 2002, through December 31, 2003. San Francisco: Office of the Controller, 2004.

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San Francisco (Calif.). Office of the Controller. Audits Division. Airport Commission: Concession audit of Asiana Airlines. San Francisco: Office of the Controller, 2001.

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San Francisco (Calif.). Office of the Controller. Audits Division. Airport Commission: Concession audit of Emporio Rulli, Inc. San Francisco: Office of the Controller, 2001.

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San Francisco (Calif.). Office of the Controller. Audits Division. Airport Commission: Review of SBC California's gross revenues from public communications services at the San Francisco International Airport. San Francisco: Office of the Controller, 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "Firewood industry"

1

Sugiyama, S., and Izumi Yamada. "From Firewood to Coal: Deforestation and the Development of the Silk Reeling Industry in Modern Japan." In Monograph Series of the Socio-Economic History Society, Japan, 3–29. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55507-0_1.

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Nandhagopal, S., K. Praveen Kumar, Bikarama Prasad Yadav, Abhishek Nandan, and Nihal Anwar Siddiqui. "Occupational Hazards and Risk Exposures in Firework Industry: A Review." In Advances in Industrial Safety, 243–52. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6852-7_22.

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Zhang, Jianlin, Ting Wu, and Xinglin Wu. "Game Analysis on Adoption of Incentive Strategies in Embedded Rural Company Cluster: Case Study Based on Shangli Firework Industry." In Advances in Intelligent and Soft Computing, 53–58. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25986-9_9.

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Woodfill, Brent K. S., and Marc Wolf. "The Natural and Constructed Landscape of Salinas de los Nueve Cerros, Guatemala." In Approaches to Monumental Landscapes of the Ancient Maya, 39–60. University Press of Florida, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813066226.003.0003.

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Chapter 3, presented by Brent K. S. Woodfill and Marc Wolf, introduces Salinas de los Nueve Cerros, a site located at the highland-lowland nexus in western Guatemala, best known as being the largest of the ancient Maya saltworks in the southern lowlands. The site’s natural and constructed monumental landscape defined not only the city’s layout but also its economy and political structure. The most obvious of the saltworks were the brine stream and salt flats, but the salt industry changed the landscape in other ways—it was fueled by fires that needed a constant supply of firewood and allowed for the large-scale production of other commodities including dried, salted fish, which were harvested in large quantities from the Chixoy River and associated streams and oxbow lakes. All of these resources appear to have been tightly controlled by the local elite, who marked their presence with large administrative and public ritual structures.
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De Blij, Harm. "Same Place, Divergent Destinies." In The Power of Place. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195367706.003.0011.

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Dramatic media pictures of desperate would-be mobals clinging to overcrowded boats, climbing over border fences, or running across unguarded wasteland confirm statistical data: males are in the vanguard of unregulated as well as legal transnational migration. Less graphic photography of the average business-class section of a 747 flying from Los Angeles to Hong Kong would reveal that most of the comfortable globals en route are male as well. But scrutinize a daytime picture of an African or Asian village, and you are likely to notice that among the locals, women outnumber men, whether working in the fields, carrying water or firewood, preparing food, or tending children. If the Earth seems flat, this is far more so for males than for females. Even in the same village, in the same house, the destinies of boys and girls diverge startlingly, and not only in rural villages in the global periphery. Equality of the sexes in employment, income, political influence, and other circumstances is an elusive goal even in the richest countries of the global core. Northern European countries are often cited as having progressed furthest in this respect, but even there, the playing field (for example, in religious hierarchies) is not completely level. Nor does growing wealth guarantee progress in closing the gender gap. Male dominance is a deeply embedded tradition that has a way of trumping fairness: in modern Japan, where women have made significant strides by many measures, the Minister of Health and Welfare in July 2007 publicly referred to the role of women as being “birth-giving machines” (Economist, 2007d). When China in the late 1970s embarked on its economic reforms, one key to success was deemed to lie in bringing its population spiral under control. China’s “one child only” policy had the desired result, but in effect it frequently meant one male child only as tens of millions of pregnancies were aborted to ensure a male heir. Millions more female infants were and are abandoned, giving rise to an international adoption industry that is almost exclusively female. Today, economically booming China has a demographic surplus of some 20 million males, with troubling implications for the future.
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Conference papers on the topic "Firewood industry"

1

Chai, Shanshan. "Influence of New Coronavirus Epidemic on Service Industry and Countermeasures Firewood." In 2020 International Conference on Social Sciences and Big Data Application (ICSSBDA 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201030.051.

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Morales, Jose´ D. "Natural Climatization of a House Located in a Mild-Rain Climate to Obtain Thermal Comfort." In ASME 2004 International Solar Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isec2004-65133.

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Pollution in Mexico City, during almost year round, it is the highest of Mexico, due mainly to the emanations of traffic and industry in addition to the use of gas or firewood heater to condition the interior of the housings and buildings during the winter [1]. The present article shows, that it is possible to use natural ventilation to weathering the interior of a house in a mild-rain climate during the winter, through the use of massive walls, insulation roofs and use the solar radiation through double glass both in windows and in domes of the housing.
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Fito, Pedro J., Jannika Bailey, Marta Castro-Giráldez, and Alfredo Esteves. "Effect of solar radiation on cooking/drying process of grapes using solar oven." In 21st International Drying Symposium. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ids2018.2018.7878.

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Solar ovens have become a very popular technology for cooking, specially, in underdeveloped countries where access to firewood is scarce, time consuming and expensive. The benefits of solar cooking are multiple, such as saving money, as this device requires no fuel, as well as having an important impact in the environment, decreasing carbon dioxide emissions and decreasing deforestation. One challenge for food industry is to get to know the behaviour of food cooked with solar technology. The aim of this study was to model the drying process of white and red grape in solar oven using thermodynamics and spectrophotometry measurements, controlling the irradiation effect blocking the Ultraviolet radiation using a polarized vinyl film Keywords: sun radiation; thermodynamics; solar oven; drying
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