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Journal articles on the topic 'Fireproofing agent'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 25 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2024

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1

Petrova, G. N., T. V. Rumyantseva, V. G. Nazarov, and Yu A. Sapego. "Electrical Conductivity of Thermoplastic Elastomers Modified with Gaseous Fluorine." International Polymer Science and Technology 44, no. 2 (February 2017): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0307174x1704400203.

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The electrical conductivity of thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) modified with gaseous chlorine was studied. A TPE based on polyether (‘Vitur’-grade polyurethane) and the same TPE but with phosphorus-containing fireproofing agent were held in gaseous fluorine for 1 and 3 h, and were also treated with alcohol after fluorination. The surface morphology of specimens was studied using an atomic force microscope (AFM). The changes in morphology were similar to the changes observed after the surface fluorination of rubbers. The volume and surface resistivities were measured using an Agilent 4339B instrument (USA). In all cases, the volume resistivities of modified TPEs were two orders of magnitude lower than those of the initial TPEs. The introduction of a fireproofing agent leads to a 2.5-fold reduction in volume resistivity, and a 100-fold reduction in surface reactivity. The influence of the fireproofing agent is associated with it having an effect similar to that of fillers, and with the formation of a thin layer on the surface of specimens. it was shown that ethanol treatment leads to a reduction in volume resistivity.

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2

Mukhamedgaliev, B. A. "New Polymeric Fireproofing Agent Based on Tertiary Phosphine." International Polymer Science and Technology 31, no. 12 (December 2004): 59–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0307174x0403101215.

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3

Krasnov, K. V., N. M. Chalaya, V. S. Osipchik, and A. E. Kazanchyan. "Investigating the Influence of Different Types of Thermoplastic Elastomer on the Properties of Highly Filled Composites." International Polymer Science and Technology 44, no. 9 (September 2017): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0307174x1704400903.

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The influence of the types of polyolefin elastomer (TPE-O) on the processing, physicomechanical, and service properties of composites with a high filler (fireproofing agent) content was investigated. These composites are used to produce products by extrusion.

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4

Mukhamedgaliev, B. A. "Effect of Fireproofing Agent on the Water Resistance of Modified Polymers." International Polymer Science and Technology 32, no. 1 (January 2005): 38–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0307174x0503200106.

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5

Bogdanova, V. V., and O. I. Kobets. "Development and application of synthetic NP dispersions to prevent and extinguish forest and peat fires (Review)." Pozharovzryvobezopasnost/Fire and Explosion Safety 29, no. 6 (January 13, 2021): 5–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/pvb.2020.29.06.5-27.

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Introduction. The analysis of flame retardants and extinguishing agents used for preventing and extinguishing fires in an ecosystem is carried out. It is shown that at present there are no weatherproof, environmentally friendly and cost effective extinguishing agents capable of stopping wood and peat burning. Purpose and objectives. Development of cost effective and environmentally friendly synthetic agents capable of both flame retarding and extinguishing natural combustible materials. Materials and methods. Synthetic dispersions of ammonium phosphates of two- and three-valence metals, as well as wood and peat fireproofed by them are the object of the study. Physical and chemical properties of synthesis products in comparison with their fire retarding efficiency are examined. Fireproofing, fire extinguishing, as well as physical and chemical properties of synthesized products are determined using GOST-regulated methods of thermal and chemical analysis, scanning electron microscopy and original methods. Results and discussion. The formulation of Kompleksil synthetic compound effective in extinguishing and fireproofing wood and peat is optimized using a full factorial experiment. At the same time, the inflow of volatile nitrogen containing products into the gaseous phase is identified as the dominating burning inhibition process common for natural combustible materials. The weather resistance (preservation of fireproof properties in respect of forest combustible materials at 79 mm precipitation), forest and environment enhancement (improvement of mineral nutrition conditions and growth of forest plant communities) properties of Kompleksil compound are identified. Conclusions. A cost effective synthetic compound based on natural mineral materials showing fireproofing and extinguishing efficiency when protecting forest combustible materials and peat is developed. This compound was tested in the process of extinguishing real wildfires; its weather resistance is identified, and the positive response of forest plant communities to the application of this multiple action compound is registered. The use of Kompleksil allows to reduce time expenditures and fire extinguishing agent consumption when extinguishing wildfires, which significantly reduces material damage.

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6

Nenakhov, S. A., and V. P. Pimenova. "Effect of Concentration of Gas-Generating Agent on Regularities of Development Fireproofing Foamed Cokes." Пожаровзрывобезопасность 19, no. 3 (June 2010): 14–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.18322/pvb.2010.19.03.14-26.

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7

Ushmarin, N. F., N. N. Petrova, S. I. Sandalov, N. P. Petrova, and N. I. Kol'tsov. "The Development of Fire-Resistant Vulcanisates Based on Butadiene–Acrylonitrile Rubbers with Fireproofing Agent Combinations." International Polymer Science and Technology 39, no. 10 (October 2012): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0307174x1203901004.

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8

Ehsan, Karimi Yazdi Amir, V. L. Avramenko, and Shervin Ahmadi. "Reducing the Flammability of Nylon-6 by Introducing a Fireproofing Agent during the Anionic Polymerisation of ∊-Caprolactam." International Polymer Science and Technology 40, no. 9 (September 2013): 19–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0307174x1304000904.

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9

Petrova, G. N., and E. Ya Beider. "The Effect of Modifying Polybutylene Terephthalate on its Processability and Mechanical Properties." International Polymer Science and Technology 44, no. 9 (September 2017): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0307174x1704400904.

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The effect of a modifying additive – a polybutylenetetramethylene oxide (PBT-PTMO) block copolymer of grade V-1000 – on the processability and mechanical properties of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) was investigated. It was shown that the mixing of the thermoplastic elastomer – the block copolymer of grade V-1000 – with the rigid, hard, but relatively brittle structural material PBT makes it possible to produce materials with a high level of properties. The modification of PBT with the block copolymer leads to an increase in its impact strength without any perceptible loss in tensile strength. Furthermore, the addition of a small amount of block copolymer to PBT improves its processability. The developed PBT composite with the optimum content of modifying additive and fireproofing agent is recommended for the manufacture of moulded articles of decorative-structural designation, and also for the partial replacement of polyamides PA-12L and PA-610L.

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10

Akhrarov, B. B., M. U. Allamuratov, and B. A. Mukhamedgaliev. "Polymer Fireproofing Agents for Lowering the Flammability of Cellulose Materials." International Polymer Science and Technology 45, no. 5 (May 2018): 227–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0307174x1804500509.

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Certain questions concerning the development of new polymer fireproofing agents for cellulose materials are considered. The mechanisms of the fireproofing characteristics of the new polymers are clarified.

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11

Akhrarov, B. B., and B. A. Mukhamedgaliev. "An Investigation of the Fireproofing Characteristics of Synthesised Phosphorus-Containing Polymer Fireproofing Agents." International Polymer Science and Technology 44, no. 12 (December 2017): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0307174x1704401209.

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12

Korolchenko, O. N., S. G. Tsarichenko, and N. I. Konstantinova. "Flammability properties of fire-retardant timber." Pozharovzryvobezopasnost/Fire and Explosion Safety 30, no. 2 (May 15, 2021): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/pvb.2021.30.02.23-34.

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Introduction. At present, the house-building industry, that produces timber structures, is in the process of sufficiently intensive development; however, high flammability of wood is the factor that restrains widespread use of timber in construction. The purpose of this work is to optimize the conditions of application of fire-retardant timber in the construction industry. The co-authors believe that the following problems are to be solved to attain this objective:● a comparative analysis of the fireproofing efficiency of several fire-proofing agents applied to different species of wood;● determination of the character of influence produced by fire proofing agents on fire retardant properties of wood.Methods of research. The fire proofing efficiency of sample compositions designated for wood was measured in compliance with the benchmark testing method specified in GOST R 53292 (p. 6.2). Experiments were launched pursuant to the methodology and with the help of measurement instruments specified in GOST 30244–94 (Method 2) to study the extent of the pine-tree timber flammability suppression. Critical values of thermal loads that may trigger inflammation and flame propagation in timber structures, that can be described using values of the critical surface density of the heat flow, were determined pursuant to GOST 30402–96 and GOST R 51032–97. The toxicity of combustion products and the smoke generation ability of fire-retardant pine-tree samples was assessed using standard methods and measurement instruments pursuant to GOST 12.1.044–89 (paragraphs 4.18 and 4.20).Research results and discussion. Biological flame retardants, integrated biological flame retardants that also ensure moisture protection, intumescent coatings, lacquers and varnishes that are ready for use and labelled as having group I and II fire-retardant efficiency pursuant to GOST R 53292, were studied in the course of this research project. The co-authors have identified that the mass loss by all fire-retardant compositions is below 9 %, if applied to samples of larch and oak-tree timber, same as if it were applied to standard samples of pine-tree timber.The findings of the experiment conducted to assess the flammability, ignitibility, flame propagation, smoke generation ability and toxicity of combustion products have proven the maximal efficiency of the composition designated for full-cell pressure impregnation of timber that ensures the properties of the material labelled as G1, V1, RP1, T2, D2.Conclusions. Hence, the research results have enabled the co-authors to assess the discrepancy between average mass loss values demonstrated by the samples of different species of timber (alder, linden, pine-tree, larch, and oak-tree).The comprehensive study of flammability properties of timber, treated by compositions that vary in their chemical composition and mode of action of the fire proofing agent, enabled the co-authors to identify the impact produced by versatile fire-proofing agents on different flammability properties of pine-tree timber with regard taken of the fire-safe use of construction materials and constructions of buildings and structures.

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13

Gordienko, V. P., and V. G. Sal'nikov. "The Effect of Certain Inorganic Fillers/Fireproofing Agents on the Flammability of Thermoplastic Materials." International Polymer Science and Technology 39, no. 11 (November 2012): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0307174x1203901110.

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It is shown that certain metal fluorides and salt crystal hydrates are among the most promising inorganic fillers/fireproofing agents, reducing the flammability of thermoplastic materials possessing a low oxygen index.

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14

Akhrarov, B. B., M. U. Allamuratov, and B. A. Mukhamedgaliev. "An Investigation of the Combustion of Fire-Protected Wooden Materials Modified with Polymer Fireproofing Agents." International Polymer Science and Technology 45, no. 2 (February 2018): 63–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0307174x1804500207.

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Certain questions of the fire protection of wooden structural materials, chipboard, and binding agents are examined. The mechanisms of chemical fire protection and the kinetic laws governing the process of thermal breakdown of modified specimens are clarified. On the basis of using the latest fire test methods, the combustion and thermal degradation regimes of wooden materials have been established. The advantages of polymeric fireproofing agents over low-molecular weight analogues are shown.

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15

Karaseva, Valeriia, Anne Bergeret, Clément Lacoste, Hélène Fulcrand, and Laurent Ferry. "New Biosourced Flame Retardant Agents Based on Gallic and Ellagic Acids for Epoxy Resins." Molecules 24, no. 23 (November 26, 2019): 4305. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24234305.

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The aim of this work was an investigation of the ability of gallic (GA) and ellagic (EA) acids, which are phenolic compounds encountered in various plants, to act as flame retardants (FRs) for epoxy resins. In order to improve their fireproofing properties, GA and EA were treated with boric acid (to obtain gallic acid derivatives (GAD) and ellagic acid derivatives (EAD)) to introduce borate ester moieties. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) highlighted the good charring ability of GA and EA, which was enhanced by boration. The grafting of borate groups was also shown to increase the thermal stability of GA and EA that goes up respectively from 269 to 528 °C and from 496 to 628 °C. The phenolic-based components were then incorporated into an epoxy resin formulated from diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) and isophorone diamine (IPDA) (72, 18, and 10 wt.% of DGEBA, IPDA, and GA or EA, respectively). According to differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the thermosets was decreased. Its values ranged from 137 up to 108 °C after adding the phenolic-based components. A cone calorimeter was used to evaluate the burning behavior of the formulated thermosets. A significant reduction of the peak of heat release rate (pHRR) for combustion was detected. Indeed, with 10 wt.% of GA and EA, pHRR was reduced by 12 and 44%, respectively, compared to that for neat epoxy resin. GAD and EAD also induced the decrease of pHRR values by 65 and 33%, respectively. In addition, a barrier effect was observed for the resin containing GAD. These results show the important influence of the biobased phenolic compounds and their boron derivatives on the fire behavior of a partially biobased epoxy resin.

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16

Puzach, S. V., T. Yu Eremina, and F. A. Portnov. "Building structures of thermal power plants: analysis of fire resistance limits." Pozharovzryvobezopasnost/Fire and Explosion Safety 31, no. 5 (November 10, 2022): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/0869-7493.2022.31.05.33-42.

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Introduction. The author analyzes real-life fire resistance limits of metal structures for one building of a thermal power plant. Experimental and computational methods were applied to identify the fire resistance limits of building structures. The temperature setting of the research, conducted to solve the problem, was the same as that of a real fire.Research goal and objectives. The purpose of the analysis is to identify the fire resistance limits of structures comprising the building of a thermal power plant using the method of heat-mass exchange analysis that takes account of conditions of a real fire. The following objectives are to be attained in compliance with the pre-set goal:to analyze the principal provisions of technical norms and regulations in terms of the fire safety of building structures of thermal power plants;to justify the principal provisions for the method of heat-mass exchange analysis, taking into account real-life fire conditions;to justify the need to improve the real-life fire resistance limits by fire-proofing agents with account taken of the most dangerous scenario of the real fire development.Methods of research. The heat-transfer equation is analyzed to identify the distribution of temperatures inside a building structure for a one-dimensional case. The field-based method of analysis is applied to solve this problem. This method is generally applied to premises having complex geometric configuration, if one geometric dimension exceeds the others.Results and their discussion. The authors have analyzed the most dangerous fire scenario characterized by the most dangerous impact on metal structures, such as the furnace oil fire spill in a boiler room.The authors also address the most dangerous fire propagation scenario in terms of the heating of bearing metal structures: the combustion of furnace oil spills in a boiler room. The computations have proven that in case of the selected fire development scenario maximal temperatures of bearing metal structures are much lower than the critical temperature of 500 °С fifteen minutes after the onset of fire.Conclusions. Having analyzed the fire resistance computations of thermal power plant structures, including their metal constructions, the have found that in case of emergency, resistance to the most dangerous manifestations of fire exceeds the required R15 value. No fireproofing of bearing metal structures in the boiler room is needed.

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17

"Rubber-mixtures with zeolite-bound fireproofing agents." Zeolites 8, no. 4 (July 1988): 342. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0144-2449(88)80164-7.

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