Academic literature on the topic 'Fire wall'

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Journal articles on the topic "Fire wall"

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Wang, Lian Tie, and Qing Shan Meng. "Wall Socket Fire Analysis." Advanced Materials Research 591-593 (November 2012): 2414–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.591-593.2414.

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Fire scene investigation on fire caused by the wall socket,extracted the copper bead and aluminum wire material evidence,observe and analysis,include the macro analysis and metallographic analysis, and then confirmed the reason.Through the identification of the extracted fire material evidence,macro features are all electric heated,the metallographic analysis to determine the nature of the melted marks respectively for primary short circuit melted marks and over load melted marks and short circuit spatter melted mark. These three kinds of trace is in line when the electrical fault occurred formed, and a primary short circuit melted marks provides the most direct strong scientific basis for the cognizance of the fire,and determined the fires is caused by the faulted wall socket.
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Jin, Zhao-Fen, Yutaka Asako, Yoshiyuki Yamaguchi, and Minoru Harada. "Numerical Modeling of Fire Walls to Simulate Fire Resistance Test." Journal of Heat Transfer 120, no. 3 (August 1, 1998): 661–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2824334.

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A fire wall is made of a mortar wall in which water storage materials are mixed. However, the mortar fire wall is relatively heavy. A nonorganic insulator for middle and high-temperature ranges such as a calcium silicate board is expected as a good material for the fire wall because of a light weight. Usually, a nonorganic insulator such as the calcium silicate board consists of a hydrate which contains free water, physically adsorbed water, and crystalline water. Behavior of such waters should be considered for a numerical model which is used to predict thermal responses of a fire wall. A simple one-dimensional numerical model to predict thermal response of a fire wall which is made of a nonorganic hydrate insulator, is developed. The numerical computations to simulate the thermal responses for a standard fire resistance test were performed for a sand wall of five percent volume of moisture and two calcium silicate boards which contains free water, adsorbed water, and crystalline water. The experiments for the sand wall and the calcium silicate boards were also performed. The numerical results were compared with experiments. The proposed model well predicts the thermal responses of the walls.
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Suntharalingam, Thadshajini, Irindu Upasiri, Perampalam Gatheeshgar, Keerthan Poologanathan, Brabha Nagaratnam, Heshachanaa Rajanayagam, and Satheeskumar Navaratnam. "Fire resistance of 3D printed concrete composite wall panels exposed to various fire scenarios." Journal of Structural Fire Engineering 12, no. 3 (July 15, 2021): 377–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsfe-10-2020-0029.

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Purpose Fire safety of a building is becoming a prominent consideration due to the recent fire accidents and the consequences in terms of loss of life and property damage. ISO 834 standard fire test regulation and simulation cannot be applied to assess the fire performance of 3D printed concrete (3DPC) walls as the real fire time-temperature curves could be more severe, compared to standard fire curve, in terms of the maximum temperature and the time to reach that maximum temperature. Therefore, this paper aims to describe an investigation on the fire performance of 3DPC composite wall panels subjected to different fire scenarios. Design/methodology/approach The fire performance of 3DPC wall was traced through developing an appropriate heat transfer numerical model. The validity of the developed numerical model was confirmed by comparing the time-temperature profiles with available fire test results of 3DPC walls. A detailed parametric study of 140 numerical models were, subsequently, conducted covering different 3DPC wall configurations (i.e. solid, cavity and rockwool infilled cavity), five varying densities and consideration of four fire curves (i.e. standard, hydrocarbon fire, rapid and prolong). Findings 3DPC walls and Rockwool infilled cavity walls showed superior fire performance. Furthermore, the study indicates that the thermal responses of 3DPC walls exposed to rapid-fire is crucial compared to other fire scenarios. Research limitations/implications To investigate the thermal behaviour, ABAQUS allows performing uncoupled and coupled thermal analysis. Coupled analysis is typically used to investigate combined mechanical-thermal behaviour. Since, considered 3DPC wall configurations are non-load bearing, uncouple heat transfer analysis was performed. Time-temperature variations can be obtained to study the thermal response of 3DPC walls. Originality/value At present, there is limited study to analyse the behaviour of 3DPC composite wall panels in real fire scenarios. Hence, this paper presents an investigation on the fire performance of 3DPC composite wall panels subjected to different fire scenarios. This research is the first attempt to extensively study the fire performance of non-load bearing 3DPC walls.
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Yao, Hong Bo, Da Zhang, and Wei Zhu. "Discussion of the Fireproof Wall Insulation Materials." Applied Mechanics and Materials 193-194 (August 2012): 360–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.193-194.360.

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This article put forward several suggestions for the design of new type of fire insulation materials, and cited several new types of fire protection materials; advocate the use of fire insulation materials to prevent fires from the material roots.
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Mitchell, Nicole, and Lisa A. Ennis. "Scaling the (Fire)Wall." Journal of Hospital Librarianship 10, no. 2 (April 21, 2010): 190–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15323261003681588.

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Bellová, Maria. "Fire Walls Made from Concrete and Masonry - Barriers against a Fire Spreading." Key Engineering Materials 691 (May 2016): 408–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.691.408.

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Fire exposure of a construction represents an accidental load (temporary with a high intensity) and it´s appearance during service life of the construction is improbable. All structural eurocodes, which deal with the normal temperature (20°C) design of structures made from loadbearing materials (steel, steel and concrete composite, concrete, masonry and timber), include always Part 1-2: Structural fire design. Concrete, similar to the masonry, has (in comparison with other construction materials such as steel and timber), an excellent resistance against fire exposure. This is why both of these materials are used for construction of fire walls, which create barriers against the fire spreading. Fire walls separate two spaces and they are designed for fire resistance and structural stability, including resistance to mechanical impact. In the case of fire and failure of the structure on one side of the fire wall, fire spread beyond the wall is avoided. Properties of concrete and masonry walls, subject to fire exposure, are however negatively influenced. Concrete compressive strength is reduced depending on the aggregate choice. The strength of reinforcing bars is also reduced at elevated temperature, by an amount which strongly depends on the axis distance of the reinforcing bars from an edge of a cross section, too. The behaviour of a masonry wall depends on a masonry unit type and material, type of the mortar, the density of units, type of the wall construction, and applied surface finishes. In the present article we discuss basic principles of the design and assessment of various concrete and masonry fire walls and compare their effect - fire resistance period – depending on their thickness.
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Suherman, Aan. "Fire Search and Obstcale Avoidance Robot." Telekontran : Jurnal Ilmiah Telekomunikasi, Kendali dan Elektronika Terapan 3, no. 2 (July 22, 2015): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.34010/telekontran.v3i2.1881.

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Abstract - Fire search and obstacle avoidance robot are types of mobile robots that can find targets in the form of fire by tracing walls. For this robot, the navigation system uses navigation using walls. Navigation using walls is an algorithm to guide robots by navigating along walls. This system works by adjusting the distance from the wall to the robot. If a change occurs, the robot moves to adjust the distance again. This robot consists of several main components to support it when navigating through walls to reach the target. This robot consists of a flame sensor placed on the front that serves as a detector for targets in the form of fire. In addition to the flame sensor, three ultrasonic sensors are located on the left, front and right of the robot. These three ultrasonic sensors function as wall detectors. Based on the test, the percentage of success of the robot reaches the target of fire by tracing the wall of the right side is 100% in room II, in room III 70%, in room IV 70% Whereas by tracing the left wall, the percentage of success in room II is 60%, in room III 70%, in room IV 100%. The success percentage of robots reaching the target with the right search method is 80% and the left is 76.667%. Keyword : Navigation wall following, obstacle avoidance robot, mobile robot, target search robot in the form of fire
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Cohen, Jack D. "Relating flame radiation to home ignition using modeling and experimental crown fires." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 34, no. 8 (August 1, 2004): 1616–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x04-049.

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Wildland–urban fire destruction depends on homes igniting and thus requires an examination of the ignition requirements. A physical–theoretical model, based on severe case conditions and ideal heat transfer characteristics, estimated wood wall ignition occurrence from flame radiation heating and piloted ignition requirements. Crown fire experiments provided an opportunity for assessing model reliability. The crown fire experiments were specifically instrumented with wood wall sections and heat flux sensors to investigate direct flame heating leading to home ignition during wildland fires. The experimental results indicated that the flame radiation model overestimated the structure-to-flame distance that would result in wood wall ignition. Wall sections that ignited during the experimental crown fires did not sustain flaming after crown fire burnout. The experiments also revealed that the forest canopy attenuated the flame radiation as the crown fire spread within the forest plot. Ignition modeling and the associated crown fire experiments described the flame-to-structure distance scale associated with flame heating related to wall ignition.
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Keerthan, Poologanathan, and Mahen Mahendran. "Thermal Performance of Load Bearing Cold-formed Steel Walls under Fire Conditions using Numerical Studies." Journal of Structural Fire Engineering 5, no. 3 (August 19, 2014): 261–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/2040-2317.5.3.261.

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Cold-formed Light gauge Steel Frame (LSF) wall systems are increasingly used in low-rise and multi-storey buildings and hence their fire safety has become important in the design of buildings. A composite LSF wall panel system was developed recently, where a thin insulation was sandwiched between two plasterboards to improve the fire performance of LSF walls. Many experimental and numerical studies have been undertaken to investigate the fire performance of non-load bearing LSF wall under standard conditions. However, only limited research has been undertaken to investigate the fire performance of load bearing LSF walls under standard and realistic design fire conditions. Therefore in this research, finite element thermal models of both the conventional load bearing LSF wall panels with cavity insulation and the innovative LSF composite wall panel were developed to simulate their thermal behaviour under standard and realistic design fire conditions. Suitable thermal properties were proposed for plasterboards and insulations based on laboratory tests and available literature. The developed models were then validated by comparing their results with available fire test results of load bearing LSF wall. This paper presents the details of the developed finite element models of load bearing LSF wall panels and the thermal analysis results. It shows that finite element models can be used to simulate the thermal behaviour of load bearing LSF walls with varying configurations of insulations and plasterboards. Failure times of load bearing LSF walls were also predicted based on the results from finite element thermal analyses. Finite element analysis results show that the use of cavity insulation was detrimental to the fire rating of LSF walls while the use of external insulation offered superior thermal protection to them. Effects of realistic design fire conditions are also presented in this paper.
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Yuen, A. C. Y., G. H. Yeoh, R. K. K. Yuen, S. M. Lo, and T. Chen. "Development of Wall-Adapting Local Eddy Viscosity Model for Study of Fire Dynamics in a Large Compartment." Applied Mechanics and Materials 444-445 (October 2013): 1579–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.444-445.1579.

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The Wall Adpating Local Eddy Viscosity (WALE) subgrid-scale turbulence model was adopted for an in-house large eddy simulation (LES) fire code in which the turbulence is fully coupled combustion and radiation models. The traditional Smagorinsky subgrid-scale model accounts only strain rate of the turbulent structure while the WALE model considers both the strain and the rotation rates. Furthermore, the WALE model automatically recovers the near wall-scaling for the eddy viscosity hence more adaptive for wall bounded flows.A 15 m long test hall fire was reconstructed by the in-house fire code with 1.5 MW fire source. The performance of the WALE model was assessed by comparingpredicted transient gas temperatures and velocities at various spatial locations.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fire wall"

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Monson, Elizabeth Ida. "Simulations of Controlled Fires Using the One-Dimensional Turbulence Model with Application to Fire Spread in Wildland Fires." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3163.

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The mechanism of flame propagation in fuel beds of wildland fires is important to understand and quantify fire spread rates. Fires spread by radiative and convective heating and often require direct flame contact to achieve ignition. The flame interface in an advancing fire is unsteady and turbulent, making study of intermittent flames in complex fuels difficult. This thesis applies the one-dimensional turbulence (ODT) model to a study of flame propagation by simulating a lab-scale fire representative of the flame interface in a fuel bed and incorporating solid fuel particles into the ODT code. The ODT model is able to resolve individual flames (a unique property of this model) and provide realistic turbulent statistics. ODT solves diffusion-reaction equations on a line-of-sight that is advanced either in time or in one spatial direction (perpendicular to the line-of-sight). Turbulent advection is modeled through stochastic domain mapping processes. A vertical wall fire, in which ethylene fuel is slowly fed through a porous ceramic, is modeled to investigate an unsteady turbulent flame front in a controlled environment. Simulations of this configuration are performed using a spatial formulation of the ODT model, where the ODT line is perpendicular to the wall and is advanced up the wall. Simulations include radiation and soot effects and are compared to experimental temperature data taken over a range of fuel flow rates. Flame structure, velocities, and temperature statistics are reported. The ODT model is shown to capture the evolution of the flame and describe the intermittent properties at the flame edge, though temperature fluctuations are somewhat over predicted. A solid particle devolatilization model was included in the ODT code to study the convective heating of unburnt solid fuels through direct flame contact. Here the particles are treated as sweet gum hardwood and a single-reaction, first order decomposition model is used to simulate the devolatilization rates. Only preliminary results were presented for a simple case, but this extension of the ODT model presents new opportunities for future research.
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Shahbazian, Ashkan. "Simplified thermal and structural analysis methods for cold-formed thin-walled steel studs in wall panels exposed to fire from one side." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/simplified-thermal-and-structural-analysis-methods-for-coldformed-thinwalled-steel-studs-in-wall-panels-exposed-to-fire-from-one-side(6aec12ea-0d18-43a6-b594-0f7bc4adca1c).html.

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The advantages of cold-formed thin-walled steel studs are many and their applications in building constructions continue to grow. They are used as load-bearing members. An example is lightweight wall panel assemblies which consist of channel steel studs with gypsum plasterboard layers attached to the two flanges, often with interior insulation. At present, expensive fire tests or advanced numerical modelling methods are necessary in order to discover the fire resistance of such wall assemblies. For common practice this is not effective and a simplified method, suitable for use in daily design, is necessary. The aim of this research is to develop such simplified methods. The first main objective of this study is to develop a simple approach to calculate the temperature distributions in the steel section, in particular the temperatures on both the exposed and unexposed sides when the panel is exposed to fire exposure from one side. These two temperatures are the most influential factors in the fire resistance of this type of wall assembly. The proposed method calculates the average temperatures in the flanges of the steel section and assumes that the temperature in the web is linear. The proposed method is based on a simple heat balance analysis for a few nodes representing the key components of the wall panel. The thermal resistance of these nodes are obtained by the weighted average of thermal resistances in an effective width of the panel within which heat transfer in the panel width direction is assumed to occur. The proposed method has been extensively validated by comparison with numerical parametric studies. In order to calculate the ultimate capacity of steel studs, the traditional method is by using effective width. However, this method is now being questioned as it considers elements of section in isolation and does not consider interaction between the elements. In addition, this method is not appropriate to be extended to steel studs under fire conditions. The cross-section under fire conditions has non-uniform temperature distribution which results in the non-uniform distribution of mechanical properties. Using an effective width method to deal with this problem will require many assumptions whose accuracy is uncertain. Recently, the direct strength method (DSM) has been developed and its accuracy for ambient applications has been comprehensively validated. This method calculates cross-sectional plastic resistance and elastic critical loads for local, distortional and global buckling modes with the aid of simple computer programs. The elastic and plastic resistances are then combined to give the ultimate resistance of the structure using interaction equations. This method is suited to steel studs with non-uniform temperature distribution in the cross-section. The second main objective of this study is to extend the direct strength method for application to thin-walled steel studs having non-uniform elevated temperature distributions in the cross-section. It has been found that the DSM concept is applicable, but the interaction equations should be modified to allow for the effects of elevated temperature (non-uniform temperature distribution and changes in stress-strain relationships). Also the effects of thermal bowing should be included when calculating the plastic resistance and the elastic buckling loads of the cross-section. This research has proposed new interaction equations and has developed design tools. By comparing the results of the proposed method with validated Finite Element simulations over a very large range of parametric studies, the proposed method has been demonstrated to be valid. The validation studies include both standard and parametric fire exposures and are generally applicable.
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Furniss, Brandon F. "Transformation of Form." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1240088310.

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Lehoťák, Roman. "Návrh betonové konstrukce s ohledem na požární odolnost." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-444631.

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The diploma thesis deals with the analysis of internal forces and the design of the reinforcement of a reinforced concrete monolithic slab, a reinforcing wall and a column in the 1st floor of a dairy hall building. The fire resistance of selected structures was taken into account during dimensioning. The calculation of the internal forces was performed by the finite element method in Dlubal RFEM 5.24.
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Menegon, Julia. "Avaliação da suscetibilidade da alvenaria estrutural a danos por exposição a altas temperaturas com medidas de controle da dilatação." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/172027.

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A alvenaria estrutural é um dos mais antigos sistemas construtivos existentes. Atualmente estruturas em alvenaria encontram uma vasta aplicação em construções residenciais, sobretudo em obras de interesse social. No entanto, ao contrário das estruturas de concreto, cujo comportamento durante exposição ao fogo e sua resistência residual tem estudos e resultados amplamente disseminados, pouco se sabe a respeito do comportamento de estruturas de alvenaria submetidas à ocorrência de sinistros dessa natureza. Com a intensificação das preocupações acerca da segurança das edificações e de seus usuários em situações de incêndio, faz-se cada vez mais imprescindível o conhecimento do comportamento dos sistemas empregados atualmente na construção civil perante a ação de altas temperaturas. Tendo isso em vista, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo a realização de uma análise dos danos e do comportamento apresentados por amostras de alvenaria com função estrutural ao serem expostas ao aquecimento excessivo. Foram avaliadas nesse estudo paredes de pequenas dimensões executadas com blocos estruturais cerâmicos. Visando simular condições mais próximas da realidade, foram restringidas, com o auxílio de macacos hidráulicos, as laterais das amostras, para que houvesse contenção da dilatação das mesmas. Com o intuito de verificar diferentes tipologias de alvenarias, foram utilizados três blocos distintos: de 14 cm de largura, com resistências de 7 e 10 MPa, e de 19 cm de largura, com 7 MPa de resistência à compressão. Também foram variadas as espessuras das juntas entre as unidades e a argamassa de assentamento das mesmas, a fim de compreender a importância desses fatores para o comportamento das amostras, e, por fim, foram ensaiadas amostras com revestimento na face exposta As miniparedes foram acopladas a um forno de resistências elétricas e submetidas a um aquecimento próximo à curva padrão determinada por norma, até a temperatura máxima de 950ºC, a qual foi mantida pelo período de 4 horas. Foram mensurados, além da temperatura dentro do forno, no interior da parede e na superfície das amostras, os deslocamentos transversais ocorridos durante o ensaio. Também se utilizaram transdutores de deslocamento para verificar a dilatação dos blocos e o esmagamento ou abertura das juntas. Imagens termográficas da face oposta ao aquecimento foram capturadas no decorrer da exposição. Ao final das análises, pôde-se inferir que as miniparedes ensaiadas apresentaram bom desempenho frente à ação das altas temperaturas, mantendo sua estanqueidade, isolamento térmico e resistência mecânica. A restrição lateral não ocasionou desplacamentos dos blocos, no entanto, pôde-se observar transferência de tensão para os mesmos quando utilizadas nas juntas argamassas pouco flexíveis. O deslocamento transversal apresentado pelas amostras indicou deflexão em direção ao forno durante o aquecimento, com posterior reversão do sentido. Tal deflexão foi atenuada pela redução da espessura das juntas, pelo uso de argamassas menos flexíveis e pelo aumento da resistência e largura dos blocos. As alvenarias de 19 cm de largura e, especialmente, as dotadas de revestimento apresentaram melhor desempenho térmico que as demais.
Structural masonry is one of the oldest existing building systems. Nowadays, masonry structures find a wide application in residential constructions, mainly in those with social interest. However, unlike concrete structures, whose behavior during fire exposure and its residual resistance have widely disseminated studies and results, there is a lack of knowledge about the behavior of masonry structures submitted to fire. Because of the spread of concerns about the safety of buildings and their users in fire situations, it becomes essential to know the behavior of the systems currently used in civil construction when exposed to high temperatures. With this in view, the present study intended to analyze the damage and the behavior of structural masonry samples exposed to heating. This study evaluated clay hollow-bricks small walls, and, in order to simulate real conditions, the boundaries of the samples were restrained, with the aid of hydraulic jacks, aiming to restrain the deformation. In order to verify different types of masonry, three different blocks were used: 14 cm wide, with nominal strength of 7 and 10 MPa, and 19 cm wide, with 7 MPa of compressive strength. The thicknesses of the joints and the mortar were also varied, in order to understand the importance of these factors in the behavior of the samples, and, finally, samples were tested with a mono-layer coating at the exposed face. The small walls were coupled to an electrical furnace and subjected to a heating approximately equal to the standard curve, up to the maximum temperature of 950ºC, which was maintained for 4 hours The deflections of the samples during the test were measured, beyond the temperature inside the furnace, in the center of wall and at the non-exposed surface. Clip gages were also used to verify the expansion of the blocks and the crushing or opening of the mortar joints. Thermographic images of the opposite face were captured during the testing. At the end of this research, it was possible to affirm that the walls had good behavior against the high temperatures, maintaining their integrity, thermal insulation and load-bearing capacity. The restriction of the boundaries did not cause the spalling of the blocks, however, it was possible to observe the stress transfer to them in samples with rigid joint mortar. The deflection of the samples increases towards the furnace during the heating, and, then, they show the phenomenon of “reverse bowing”, changing the direction of the displacements. Reducing the thickness and increasing the stiffness of the joint mortars, as well as the increase in block strength and width attenuated such deflection. The masonry 19 cm width and, specially, the ones with coating shows better thermal performance, comparing to the others.
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Piskláková, Petra. "Požární stanice typu C1 ve Valašském Meziříčí." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-372150.

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The diploma thesis deals with project documentation for the realization of a new fire station class C1 in Valašské Meziříčí. The building is is designet in two operating units - the garage part and the administrative part. The garage part has the necessary technical facilities and stockrooms. Over the garage there are rooms for firefighters performing the service during the night shift. The garage part follows the administrative part of the building, which has three above-ground floors. On the first floor there are offices of fire prevention, population protection and crisis management. On the second floor there are facilities for firefighters - a gym, a sauna, a day room and a classroom. The third above-ground floor is designed for the head of the territorial department, the chief of the fire station and the integrated rescue system office. The main entrance to the building is located in the administrative part of the western side at level 1NP. The structural system of the garage part consists of a prefabricated reinforced concrete frame. The administrative part is built in mansory system. The building is without cellar, roofed with flat roofs.
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Schwarzová, Veronika. "Požární stanice." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-265460.

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Diploma thesis solves the creation of layout study and creation of documentation for the realization new fire station. It is an object amenities used to perform the fire protection services unit of the population of the professional fire category JPO I. The type of fire station is P2. The building layout consists of three interconnected buildings arranged in a U. Structurally the building is divided into two systems. The middle part of the building consists of reinforced concrete skeleton, which has two floors. On the ground floor is garage, on the second floor are located facilities for firefighters. The side buildings connected to the skeleton are build of ceramic bricks, it is a wall system. The main entrance to the building is in the south building at the level of the first floor, where is situated the administrative and operational part of building. This building has two floors. From the northern side, the technical background of the fire station and the workshop are connected to the middle part of the buildin The building is basementless and is roofed by flat roofs only. The object is located on the edge of the Kaplice town, the terrain is slightly sloping. The solved area contains a few related objects.
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Wojcik, Jindřich. "Hasičská stanice typu C2." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-265507.

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Diplom thesis is about design of the fire station of type C2 for the HZS. The building is divided into two parts. First part of a building is designed as a rectangular recessed floor. The first part of building consists of two floors and one underground floor. Roofed by a single-layer flat roof of soft PVC. The building will be used to perform the services, the fire brigade. It will be used 24 hours a day. In the basement is located warehouse, HVAC room, utility room and a lounge with an alternative source of electricity. On the first floor are designed garages for storage technique and also the dressing room, workroom, washing box, warehouse, room for chemical-technical service and concierge. The second floor is designed to serve firefighters. The second part of the building is a training tower, which will be used to train firefighters and for drying hoses. The training tower is designed as a simple steel structure with four floors. The project was developed in the educational version of ArchiCAD 16th project is designed in accordance with the requirements of a layout, architectural design, structural design proper and safe use of the building.
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Bong, Felix Nyuk Poh. "Fire Spread on Exterior Walls." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Civil Engineering, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/8252.

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This report describes methods of predicting heat flux exposure to external walls due to the impingement of flame issuing through a window opening. A heat transfer model was set up for the purpose of predicting the geometry of the emerging flame and the resultant heat flux exposure to the wall surface. An existing flame spread model implemented in the BRANZFIRE model was selected for characterising the flame spread on exterior wall cladding materials, as a function of the heat flux exposure (from the projecting flame to the wall) and the material flammability properties of the wall material. Modifications were made to the flame spread model. The result was a prediction of rate and extent of the upward flame spread as a function of time and the heat release rate of the burning cladding material. It is concluded that the flame spread model has the potential to determine the flame spread characteristics associated with four different cladding materials. The flame spread model gave conservative prediction for three of the tested cladding materials. Overall, the heat transfer model seems to predict the total heat flux density received by the exposing wall with reasonable accuracy. Further validation of the heat transfer model is needed before it can be successfully integrated into the flame spread model to provide a useful tool for characterising flame spread and estimating the heat flux exposure conditions.
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Brož, Matěj. "Požární stanice." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-265667.

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The aim of my diploma thesis is a design of fire station. The object is designed to be fire station type C and it is for fire brigade. The object is designed in Czech Budweis. The building has two above ground floor. The structural system of building is wall system and reinfroced concrete frame. The roof is warm flat roof. The facade is ventilated with cladding and sandwich facade panel. Drawing part processed in a computer program ArchiCAD.
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Books on the topic "Fire wall"

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Copyright Paperback Collection (Library of Congress), ed. Fire wall. New York: Jove Books, 2000.

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Wall of Fire: The Appomattox Saga #7. Wheaton, Ill: Tyndale House, 1995.

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Kulkarni, A. K. Vertical wall fire in a stratified atmosphere. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 1987.

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The battle of Vimy Ridge: Wall of fire. Calgary: Detselig Enterprises, 2009.

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Krawchuk, Michael J. The battle of Vimy Ridge: Wall of fire. Calgary: Detselig Enterprises, 2009.

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White, Nathan, and Michael Delichatsios. Fire Hazards of Exterior Wall Assemblies Containing Combustible Components. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2898-9.

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MBA, Brown Steven A., ed. Check Point FireWall-1: Administration guide. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2000.

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Cooper, Leonard Y. Ceiling jet-driven wall flows in compartment fires. Gaithersburg, MD: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards, 1987.

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Cooper, Leonard Y. Ceiling jet-driven wall flows in compartment fires. Gaithersburg, MD: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards, 1987.

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Cooper, Leonard Y. Ceiling jet-driven wall flows in compartment fires. Gaithersburg, MD: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Fire wall"

1

White, Nathan, and Michael Delichatsios. "Fire Statistics." In Fire Hazards of Exterior Wall Assemblies Containing Combustible Components, 17–24. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2898-9_4.

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Bala, Anu, Ashish Kumar Dash, Supratic Gupta, and Vasant Matsagar. "Behavior of Bamboo Wall Panel at Elevated Temperature." In Wood & Fire Safety, 281–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41235-7_42.

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White, Nathan, and Michael Delichatsios. "Fire Incident Case-Studies." In Fire Hazards of Exterior Wall Assemblies Containing Combustible Components, 25–48. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2898-9_5.

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Rusthi, Mohamed, Poologanathan Keerthan, Mahen Mahendran, and Anthony Deloge Ariyanayagam. "Thermal Performance of Magnesium Oxide Wall Board Using Numerical Modelling." In Fire Science and Technology 2015, 667–76. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0376-9_68.

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White, Nathan, and Michael Delichatsios. "Existing Research and Mechanisms of Fire Spread." In Fire Hazards of Exterior Wall Assemblies Containing Combustible Components, 11–16. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2898-9_3.

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White, Nathan, and Michael Delichatsios. "Combustible Exterior Wall Systems in Common Use." In Fire Hazards of Exterior Wall Assemblies Containing Combustible Components, 3–10. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2898-9_2.

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Jochim, Stanislav, Linda Makovicka Osvaldova, and Martin Zachar. "Traditional Log Cabin – Exterior Log Wall – Fire Characteristics and Prediction Using Analysis of Thermos-Technical Properties." In Wood & Fire Safety, 295–302. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41235-7_44.

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Yoshioka, Hideki, Ko Muraoka, Masatoshi Nakamura, Yoshikazu Deguchi, Takeshi Morita, Kouta Nishimura, Masaki Noaki, Yoshifumi Ohmiya, and Tomohiro Naruse. "Verification Methodology of Vertical Fire Spread to the Upstairs Room via Openings and Facade Wall." In Fire Science and Technology 2015, 205–15. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0376-9_20.

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White, Nathan, and Michael Delichatsios. "Recommended Fire Scenarios and Testing Approach for Phase II." In Fire Hazards of Exterior Wall Assemblies Containing Combustible Components, 89–94. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2898-9_8.

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Shintani, Yusuke, Tsutomu Nagaoka, Yoshikazu Deguchi, and Kazunori Harada. "An Experimental Study on the Mass Flow Rate from a Line Fire Source Along a Vertical Wall." In Fire Science and Technology 2015, 437–44. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0376-9_44.

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Conference papers on the topic "Fire wall"

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Alkurt, Fatih Özkan, Mehmet Bağmancı, Muharrem Karaaslan, Mehmet Bakır, Olcay Altıntaş, Faruk Karadağ, Oğuzhan Akgöl, and Emin Ünal. "Fire detection behind a wall by using microwave techniques." In TURKISH PHYSICAL SOCIETY 33RD INTERNATIONAL PHYSICS CONGRESS (TPS33). Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5025980.

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You, Shuhang, Cong Zuo, Yuanyuan Xiong, Yu Zhao, Yang Liu, and Peng Lin. "An Experimental Study on Self-extinction of Methanol Fire in Tunnels with Different Wall Surfaces." In 2019 9th International Conference on Fire Science and Fire Protection Engineering (ICFSFPE). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icfsfpe48751.2019.9055762.

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Shihn, Harmanjeet, and Paul E. DesJardin. "Near-Wall Modeling for Vertical Wall Fires Using One-Dimensional Turbulence." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-59861.

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This paper presents the simulation of an idealized vertical wall fire using one-dimensional turbulence (ODT) modeling. Near wall gas-phase molecular processes of conduction, gas-phase and shoot reactions, and radiative heat transfer are treated exactly while the effects of turbulent mixing processes are modeled using ODT triplet mapping stirring events that allow the effects of turbulence-chemistry-radiation interactions to be examined. Transport equations for species and temperature are solved using an operator splitting algorithm method that employs a Crank-Nicholson scheme for diffusion/conduction, and the LSODE library to integrate the numerically stiff chemical source terms. Radiative heat transfer is accounted by using a two-flux model. Results are presented for the evolution of turbulent wall fires, with and without the effects of turbulent mixing. The use of the ODT model is shown to capture a laminar to turbulent flow transition resulting in enhanced heat transfer to the wall.
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Alimenti, F., G. Tasselli, S. Bonafoni, D. Zito, and L. Roselli. "Inter-Wall Fire Detection by Low-Cost Microwave Radiometric Sensors." In 2008 38th European Microwave Conference (EuMC). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eumc.2008.4751387.

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Wang, D., M. C. Liu, and B. Li. "The study on wall-climbing fire fighting robot and simulation." In International Conference on Automation, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/amee140031.

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Smith, Hunter. "Protective Barrier Wall Response to Sequential Blast and Fire Events." In Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/31115-ms.

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Abstract Blast and fire-resistant barrier walls are often required on offshore platforms to protect from accidental events. A wall structure designed for a probabilistic explosion event typically relies on inelastic response and plastic deformation to maintain a lightweight, efficient design. Design guides for such structures do not explicitly address how to account for the effects of interaction of blast and fire loading on structural performance and design acceptance criteria. If a wall assembly is required to provide rated fire and gas protection after an explosion event, it is generally assumed that structural integrity is maintained due to temperature increase limits (140°C) from the H-60/120 rated fire protection on the wall. This paper investigates the validity of this assumption for a typical offshore barrier wall designed to undergo permanent deformation during an initial blast event. The study was performed utilizing non-linear dynamic finite element analysis (FEA). FEA allows for design iteration, structural assessment, and validation against extreme load scenarios when testing of full-scale assembly may not be feasible. A typical wall structure was first analyzed for blast loading by non-linear dynamic structural analysis. Thermal loading from a subsequent hydrocarbon fire was then applied to observe the structural response in the post-blast damaged condition. Based on the rated temperature range, the resulting thermal expansion in the wall panels induces large stresses at the interface between wall panels and supporting steel. Non-linear FEA confirmed that yielding occurs which may increase existing plastic strains beyond design limits at locations of high stress concentration. Therefore, it is prudent to consider thermal performance in the design process, especially regarding connections and penetrations.
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Xiao, Xiao, and Qiang Wang. "Study on Wall Fire Spread Characteristics of Polystyrene External Insulation Materials under Different Window Fire Sources." In 2014 7th International Conference on Intelligent Computation Technology and Automation (ICICTA). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icicta.2014.182.

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Ren, N., Y. Wang, S. Vilfayeau, and A. Trouvé. "Large Eddy Simulation of Propylene Turbulent Vertical Wall Fires." In Proceedings of the Seventh International Seminar Fire and Explosion Hazards. Singapore: Research Publishing Services, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/978-981-07-5936-0_04-04.

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Lei Hu and Tanshu Yang. "Studies of fire prevention issues in exterior wall thermal insulation system." In 2011 Second International Conference on Mechanic Automation and Control Engineering (MACE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mace.2011.5988430.

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Kesawan, S., and M. Mahendran. "Experimental Study on the Fire Performance of Superior LSF Wall Systems." In 10th Pacific Structural Steel Conference (PSSC 2013). Singapore: Research Publishing Services, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/978-981-07-7137-9_251.

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Reports on the topic "Fire wall"

1

Harkleroad, Margaret F. Fire properties database for textile wall coverings. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.89-4065.

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Cooper, Leonard Y. The thermal response of gypsum-panelsteel-stud wall systems exposed to fire environments - a simulation for use in zone-type fire models. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.6027.

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Cooper, Leonard Y. Fire-plume-generated ceiling jet characteristics and convective heat transfer to ceiling and wall surfaces in a two-layer zone-type fire environment:. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.4705.

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Johnson, B. H. Fire barrier evaluation of the wall between spent nuclear fuel storage basins and reactor areas, 105KE and 105KW. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10194962.

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Lee, B. T. Effect of wall and room surfaces on the rates of heat, smoke, and carbon monoxide production in a park lodging bedroom fire. Gaithersburg, MD: National Bureau of Standards, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nbs.ir.85-2998.

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Cooper, Leonard Y. Ceiling jet-driven wall flows in compartment fires. Gaithersburg, MD: National Bureau of Standards, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nbs.ir.87-3535.

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Cooper, Leonard Y. Ceiling jet properties and wall heat transfer in compartment fires near regions of ceiling jet-wall impingement. Gaithersburg, MD: National Bureau of Standards, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nbs.ir.86-3307.

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McGrattan, Kevin, Michael Selepak, and Edward Hnetkovsky. The influence of walls, corners and enclosures on fire plumes. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, March 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.tn.1984.

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Hamid Sarv. Advanced In-Furnace NOx Control for Wall and Cyclone-Fired Boilers. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1037870.

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Sorge, J. N., and S. M. Wilson. 500 MW demonstration of advanced wall-fired combustion techniques for the reduction of nitrogen oxide emissions from coal-fired boilers. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10192340.

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