Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Fire resist'
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Joseph, Rebecca Janine. "A fire in their bellies California teachers strategically and effectively resist a mandated reading curriculum /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2005. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=888842011&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Maloney, Margaret E. "A Trial of Fire and Ice: Assessing the Ability of Invasive Tree Pyrus Calleryana to Resist Disturbance During Grassland Invasion in The American Midwest." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1618854700620354.
Doumert, Bertrand. "Apport de la RMN 1D/2D à l'étude de systèmes inorganiques boratés : caractérisation structurale du réseau vitreux borophosphate et réactivité des retardateurs de flamme APP-ZBH." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2023. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/ToutIDP/EDSMRE/2023/2023ULILR067.pdf.
Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has become an essential technique for characterizing inorganic oxide materials. In recent years, the resolution of NMR spectra has been significantly improved by the development of increasingly powerful spectrometers. In the Lille context, this improvement in resolution has particularly benefited studies on borate materials synthesized by the university's various research teams. The aim of this thesis is to support the development of NMR studies on locally-prepared borate materials, in particular by demonstrating the benefits of correlation NMR techniques. Two types of materials have been selected for study: zinc borophosphate glasses prepared at LASIRE, and flame-retardant systems based on hydrated zinc borate and ammonium polyphosphate prepared at UMET.The glassy materials studied are zinc borophosphates with the composition xB2O3 - (50-x/2)ZnO - (50-x/2)P2O5, known for their low glass transition temperature (Tg) and good chemical durability. Analyses by 11B and 31P 1D/2D advanced NMR spectroscopy linked the mixed-former effect observed on Tg with the structure of the glassy network.Flame retardant systems based on hydrated zinc borate (ZBH) and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) are commonly used in industry. The 1D/2D NMR analyses in this work have contributed to understanding the thermal degradation mechanism of each compound in the first instance, and to understanding the reactivity between the two compounds in the second
Berens, Sara Kathleen. "Residu(e/al)." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1276704090.
Farhat, Ali Farag. "Basic problems of fibre-reinforced structural components when fibres resist bending." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2013. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/31095/.
Orlicka, Dominika. "Development of novel coatings to resist fireside corrosion in biomass-fired power plants." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2016. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/11825.
Mahmoudzadeh, H. "Flow and orientation in fibre-loaded resins." Thesis, Swansea University, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.637979.
Al-Obad, Zoalfokkar. "Designing PU resins for fibre composite applications." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2018. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/designing-pu-resins-for-fibre-composite-applications(561553ad-7bf1-4507-891a-00743c776637).html.
Chaplin, Adam. "Novel matrix resins and composites." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.259908.
Dhillon, Jagminder. "Coated fibre composites using rubbery and ductile fibre/matrix interlayers." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1991. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/33043.
Beaumont, Sean. "The synthesis and evaluation of inherently fire retardant/low smoke unsaturated polyester resins." Thesis, Kingston University, 1997. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/20603/.
Bott, Caroline Frances. "Water transport in epoxy resins and carbon-fibre composites." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/46679.
Powell, Graham. "In-situ cure monitoring of epoxy resins systems." Thesis, Brunel University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.242971.
King, David Gareth. "Fibre-optic sensor development for process monitoring of epoxy resins." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8698/.
Thanomsilp, Chuleeporn. "Toughening composites for liquid composite moulding." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390838.
Aziz, Roslan Abd. "The influence of thermohumid conditions on compression-after-impact properties of fibre-reinforced laminate materials." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2000. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/34052.
Xie, Xuying. "Marketing Analysis and Business Evaluation - : Marketing for a new firm Resort Västra Lägern." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, EMM (Entrepreneurship, Marketing, Management), 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-1194.
Hospitality, tourism and leisure are industry sectors where different factors impinge together
to provide a unique marketing context. The importance of concept intangibles, their
significance to life-style and cultural preferences of customers in themselves represent a
major challenge. Such intangibles may be more vulnerable to changes in customer perception
than the physical aspects of product and service delivery. However, intangibles also
present an opportunity for individual entrepreneurs to create alternative and differentiated
concepts, based on their own view and intuition of what customers will find appealing.
Resort Västra Lägern was founded under the circumstances. It is one new, small resort firm
in the countryside of Sweden. The owner identified the niche market in this traditional industry.
The favorable natural and cultural resources create the business background while
the active entrepreneurship makes the possibilities. At the start-up of the firm, marketing
analysis is necessary for this SME to position itself properly on the markets and to target
the customers effectively.
Marketing is absolutely central to the entrepreneurial process. For a new venture to be viable,
customers have to desire what it is being offered, in sufficient numbers, and prepared
to pay an economical price. This is at the heart of the marketing concept. However, an entrepreneurial
approach implies taking advantage of market opportunities in a dynamic, proactive
way.
Barran, Christopher David. "The effect of sizing resins on the interfacial adhesion of carbon fibre composites." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.266154.
Korkees, Feras. "Modelling of water absorption into carbon fibre/epoxy composites." Thesis, Swansea University, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.678568.
Källner, Emelie. "Entrepreneurship Post Displacement:Exploring Knowledge Spillovers and Idea Generationas a Result of Business Closure." Thesis, KTH, Entreprenörskap och Innovation, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-189562.
Xiao, Keqin. "Fracture behaviour of rubber-modified epoxies and their carbon fibre-reinforced composites." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2000. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/27762.
Lebrão, Guilherme Wolf. "Estudo da viabilidade de fabricação de um tubo para construção de uma prótese de membro inferior em composito híbrido epóxi carbono-vidro." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/85/85134/tde-25062007-163320/.
In this work it was considered a construction of a pipe of hybrid composite material, with carbon and glass fibre, for use as prosthesis extension of inferior member to be manufactured for the Associação de Assistência à Criança Deficiente AACD. The objective is to evaluate the requests of prosthesis to optimize cost and to reduce weight. A survey of the properties of the commercial materials commonly used for the manufacture extension became initially a reference to the development of the final component. A finite element modeling was used to optimize the component in the biomechanics function related to the efforts which the prosthesis is submitted. In this modeling some disposals and numbers of layers, amount and material have been studied to take care of the requests and to minimize the cost. A bibliographical survey allowed finding a shipper route for the manufacture of composite that uses a process of vacuum assisted resin transfer molding and preforms of glass with carbon. As reference, a component was produced using filament winding process to compare the quality of the obtained composite pipe. The process, although to have some imported feed-stock, can be proper carried out by AACD and if it showed capable to produce components with cost that makes possible its production internally. Despite the reduction of some of the properties in relation to the reference part, the component presented advantages such as weight reduction and the impact absorption.
Zanini, Riccardo. "Studio dell’adenina come indurente per resine epossidiche e produzione di materiali compositi da fonti rinnovabili." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/19235/.
Blohm, Maren Elizabeth Veatch. "Genetic and Environmental Effects on Growth, Resin and Rubber Production in Guayule (Parthenium Argentatum, Gray)." Diss., Tucson, Arizona : University of Arizona, 2005. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu%5Fetd%5F1329%5F1%5Fm.pdf&type=application/pdf.
Lenzi, Luca. "Valutazione dell’adenina come indurente da fonte rinnovabile per resine epossidiche commerciali e per la produzione di materiali compositi." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/19228/.
Zhang, Xiangping. "Characterization of filament wound GRP pipes under lateral quasi-static and low velocity impact loads." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1998. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU551705.
Holanda, Elis?ngela Bezerra das Neves. "Morfologia e propriedades mec?nicas da fibra de sisal unidirecional e em sobreposi??o de comp?sito com resina ep?xi." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2013. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/15708.
Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior
The composites manufactured with long fibres aligned in a single direction, and overlay has been shown to have better performance than the short fibers randomly distributed. In particular, the lignocellulosic fibers extracted from the sisal leaves, used in conjunction with the epoxy resin has attracted the attention of many researchers because the final properties of the system formed. In this work composites based on epoxy resin reinforced with sisal fibers were manufactured. The sisal fibres were treated with an alkaline solution of 0.06 mol/l NaOH. The treated, and untreated fibres were subjected to tension x extension tests. The composites were manufactured in the "Lossy" mold with the specifications of the samples to be produced (300x20x4 mm). The tension tests were carried out in accordance with the ASTM standards 3039 (for the composite aligned in a single direction) and ASTM D5573 (for composites in overlay), three point bending tests were performed according to ASTM D790. Analyzing the results of the tests of tension and three point bending tests, it was observed that the composites with the configuration of overlapping had the better elastic module in both tests. As to the maximum resistance to tension, the best result was the composites aligned in a single direction. Tests of absorption of water and micrographs are in progress
Os comp?sitos fabricados com fibras longas alinhadas unidirecionalmente e em sobreposi??o tem demonstrado que possuem melhor desempenho do que as fibras cortadas aleatoriamente distribu?das. Em especial, as fibras lignocelul?sicas extra?das do sisal, utilizadas em conjunto com a resina ep?xi tem atra?do a aten??o de muitos pesquisadores devido ?s propriedades finais do sistema formado. No presente trabalho foram fabricados comp?sitos ? base de resina ep?xi refor?ado com fibras de sisal. As fibras de sisal foram submetidas ao tratamento alcalino com NaOH a 0,06 mol/l, em seguida submetidas ao ensaio de tra??o na fibra tratada e n?o tratada. Os comp?sitos foram fabricados no molde denominado de Lossy (molde com perdas) usinado de acordo com as especifica??es das amostras a serem produzidas (300x20x4 mm). Os ensaios de tra??o foram realizados de acordo com as normas ASTM 3039 (Para os comp?sitos alinhados unidirecionalmente) e ASTM D5573 (Para os comp?sitos em sobreposi??o), os ensaios de flex?o em tr?s pontos foram realizados de acordo com as normas ASTM D 790. Analisando os resultados dos ensaios de tra??o e flex?o em tr?s pontos, foram observados que os comp?sitos com a configura??o de sobreposi??o teve melhor m?dulo de elasticidade em ambos os ensaios. Quanto a resist?ncia m?xima a tra??o o melhor resultado foi do comp?sito alinhado unidirecionalmente. No ensaio de absor??o de ?gua foi observado que os comp?sitos possuem um n?vel muito baixo de absor??o e o comp?sito alinhado unidirecionalmente obteve percentual de satura??o de 1,97 %. Nas micrografias, se observa as regi?es de ruptura/trincas do comp?sito e seu comportamento (fibra/matriz)
Toure, Saran Mariam. "Manufacture and characterisation of carbon fibre prepreg stacks containing resin rich and resin starved slip layers." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/manufacture-and-characterisation-of-carbon-fibre-prepreg-stacks-containing-resin-rich-and-resin-starved-slip-layers(371ac2a8-b127-4137-813f-4c5d1b31627a).html.
Liu, Yan. "Nano-reinforced epoxy resin for carbon fibre fabric composites." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/nanoreinforced-epoxy-resin-for-carbon-fibre-fabric-composites(284f8361-2530-4fc8-8abe-759ff2e57891).html.
Humphreys, Matthew. "Development and structural investigation of monocoque fibre composite trusses." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2003. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/15898/1/Matthew_Humphreys_Thesis.pdf.
Humphreys, Matthew. "Development and Structural Investigation of Monocoque Fibre Composite Trusses." Queensland University of Technology, 2003. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/15898/.
Thiagarajan, C. "Smart characterisation of damage in carbon fibre reinforced composites under static and fatigue loading condition by means of electrical resistivity measurements." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309660.
Du, Rand Marlene. "The influence of powder liquid ratio on the flexural strength of fibre reinforced acrylic resin material." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1535.
Practitioners often modify the powder:liquid ratio of polymethyl methacrylate resins (PMMA) to improve the handling properties of the material for certain procedures or because of personal preferences. While it is known that this influences the mechanical properties of unreinforced resin materials, little is known about its effect on glass fibre reinforced PMMA resin.
Kukadia, Umesh. "ROOM TEMPERATURE CURING OF BIO-BASED RESINS AND PREPARATION OF THEIR COMPOSITES." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Ingenjörshögskolan, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-19028.
Uppsatsnivå: D
Rathnayake-Arachchige, Dilshani. "Metallisation and structuring of low temperature Co-fired ceramic for micro and millimetre wave applications." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2015. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/19343.
Oliveira, Jos? Orlando de. "Comp?sito refor?ado com sisal para aplica??o na moda." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2012. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/15680.
The objective of this research is the fabrication of a composite reinforced with dyed sisal fiber and polyester matrix for application in the fields such as, fashion, clothing, interior textiles; fashion accessories are some of the examples. For the fabrication of the composite, the sisal fibers were subjected to processes such as: chemical treatment with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in the removal of impurities; bleaching for removing the yellowish color of the natural fiber and dyeing with direct dyes to confer the colors blue, green and orange. The search for new technologies ecologically correct has become a major concern in recent decades. Studies show that composite polymer reinforced by natural fibers is suitable for a large number of applications, and its use is advantageous in terms of economic and ecological. The dyed fibers were cut to a length of 30 mm, is used in the confection of webs. For this purpose, a web preparer by immersion, developed in the Laboratory of Chemical Textile of UFRN. The composite sheets measuring 300 x 300 x3 mm were molded by compression, with unsaturated orthophthalic polyester as matrix, and the samples in sizes 150 x 25 x 3 mm were cut with the aid of a laser machine, to be subjected to traction and flexion. The mechanical properties of traction and flexion in three points were performed in the Laboratory of metal and mechanical tests of Materials Engineering of UFRN. The resulting samples from the tests were evaluated in scanning electron microscope (SEM) at CTGas RN. On the basis of the analysis of the results from the mechanical tests, it was observed that the composite had good mechanical behavior, both in traction as in flexion. Furthermore, it was observed that in the water absorption test, the samples had a different percentage among themselves, this occurred due to the variation of density found in the fibre webs. The images of the SEM showed the failures from the manufacturing process and the adhesion of fibre/matrix. When the samples were prepared with the dyed fibers to be applied in fashion, the results were positive, and it can be concluded that the main objective of this work was achieved
A busca por novas tecnologias ecologicamente corretas tem se tornado uma grande preocupa??o nas ?ltimas d?cadas. Estudos comprovam que comp?sitos polim?ricos refor?ados por fibras naturais s?o adequadas a um grande n?mero de aplica??es e seu uso ? vantajoso em termos econ?micos e ecol?gicos. O objetivo desta pesquisa ? a fabrica??o de um comp?sito refor?ado com fibra de sisal tingida e matriz de poli?ster para aplica??o na moda: vestu?rio, t?xteis lar, acess?rios de moda etc. Para o seu beneficiamento, as fibras de sisal foram submetidas aos diversos processos: tratamento qu?mico com hidr?xido de s?dio (NaOH) na retirada das impurezas; alvejamento para remo??o da cor amarelada natural da fibra e tingimento com corantes diretos para conferir as cores azul, verde e alaranjado. As fibras tingidas foram cortadas com comprimento de 30 mm e utilizadas na confec??o das mantas. Para isso utilizou-se um preparador de manta por imers?o, desenvolvido no Laborat?rio de Qu?mico T?xtil da UFRN. Os comp?sitos medindo 300 x 300 x 3 mm foram moldados por compress?o, com poli?ster insaturado ortoft?lico como matriz, e as amostras nos tamanhos 150 x25 x3 mm foram cortadas com aux?lio de uma m?quina ? laser, para serem submetidas ? an?lise mec?nica de tra??o e flex?o. As propriedades mec?nicas de tra??o e flex?o em tr?s pontos foram realizadas no Laborat?rio de Metais e Ensaios Mec?nicos de Engenharia de Materiais da UFRN. As amostras resultantes das propriedades mec?nicas foram avaliadas no Microscopio Eletronico de Varredura (MEV) no CTG?s RN. Com base nas an?lises dos resultados dos ensaios mec?nicos, observou-se que os compositos tiveram bom comportamento mec?nico, tanto na tra??o como na flex?o. Tamb?m observou-se que no ensaio de absor??o de ?gua, as amostras tiveram um percentual diferente entre si, isso ocorreu devido ? varia??o da densidade encontrada nas mantas. As imagens do MEV mostraram as falhas provenientes do processo de fabrica??o e a ades?o fibra/matriz. Quando foram preparadas as amostras com as fibras tingidas para serem aplicadas na moda, os resultados foram positivos e pode-se concluir que o objetivo principal do presente trabalho foi atingido
Flores, Jose. "The Violin Concerto and the Second Symphony by Johannes Brahms: Musical Resemblance as a Result of the Proximity in their Dates of Composition." Diss., Tucson, Ariz. : University of Arizona, 2006. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu%5Fetd%5F1446%5F1%5Fm.pdf&type=application/pdf.
Islam, Mohammad Saiful. "The Influence of Fibre Processing and Treatments on Hemp Fibre/Epoxy and Hemp Fibre/PLA Composites." The University of Waikato, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2627.
SALMON, LAURENT. "Etude de la degradation hydrolytique de l'interface fibre-matrice dans les materiaux composites fibres de verre-resine epoxyde." Paris, ENSAM, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ENAM0019.
Jacques, Didier. "Transfert de charge entre fibre et matrice dans les composites carbone-resine : comportement en traction d'un modèle monofilamentaire." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10324.
Stuhlinger, Martin Ernst. "The influence of mixing ratio on the fatigue behaviour of fibre reinforced polymers." University of the Western Cape, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5041.
Statement of the problem: Fibre reinforcement of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) denture base material is known to improve the strength, as well as the fatigue behavior, of the material. The powder liquid (P/L) ratio of PMMA is often changed to modify the handling properties of the material. Little is known about the effect of this deviation from manufacturer’s guidelines on the fatigue behaviour of the fibre reinforced product. Purpose: This study compared the flexural strength (FS) of PMMA reinforced with glass fibre using different P/L ratios, before and after cyclic loading. Methods and materials: Three groups, with 50 glass fibre reinforced (everStick nonimpregnated fibers) heat-cured PMMA resin (Vertex Rapid Simplified) specimens each, were prepared using a custom-made template (dimensions 10x9x50mm). Each group had a different P/L ratio: the control group (100%) had the manufacturer’s recommended ratio; the 90% and 80% groups had reduced P/L ratios (by weight).Twenty five specimens from each group were subjected to a 3-point bending compression test using a universal testing machine. The remaining 25 specimens from each group were subjected to cyclic loading (104 cycles) before compression testing. The (FS) was calculated using the highest force (Fmax) before specimen failure. Flexural strength was calculated using the equation: FS=3WL/2bd2. Within each group, median FS values before and after cyclic loading were compared by means of a non-parametric analysis of variance. The Aligned Ranks Transform method was used for the analysis. Statistical significance was set at p=0.05. Results: The Fmax (N) of the control (100%), 90% and 80% groups fatigued and unfatigued were 100%: 1665 (fat), 1465 (unfat); 90%: 1679 (fat), 1548 (unfat) and 80%: 1585 (fat), 1467 (unfit) respectively. There was no significant interaction between Mix ratio and Fatigue state, and the 80% mix had a significantly higher mean than either the 90% or 100% mix (with differences of about 0.3 units for both). The Fatigued state had a higher mean than the Un- fatigued state by about 6.0 units. Using FS (MPa) it was found that the fatigued 80% mix specimens had the highest value. The FS MPa of the control (100%), 90% and 80% groups fatigued and un-fatigued were 64.3, 60.6; 66.9, 65.6 and 70.2, 69.3 respectively. The fact that fatiguing strengthened the specimens merits further research. When observing the broken specimens it was found that there was a complete debonding of the fibres and the PMMA. Conclusion and clinical relevance: a) Fibre: The benefit of using glass fibre bundles to reinforce prostheses fabricated using heat cured PMMA is questionable due to problems with bonding between the fibre bundles and the heat cured PMMA resin. b) Fatiguing: An average person chews 107 times during a 3 year period. A limited period of average masticatory forces should not have a detrimental effect on prostheses made from heat cured PMMA resin. c) Mix ratio: Within the normal parameters of laboratory techniques the mix ratio of PMMA resin had no significance on the fracture resistance of the prostheses. Due to the high cost of the fibres used for the reinforcement and the limited success and insignificant results achieved in this study, this researcher cannot recommend using Stickbond or Stick fibers for the reinforcement of dentures made with heat cured PMMA resin.
Ribeiro, Luciene Mendes. "Estudo da flamabilidade e resist?ncia ? chama de comp?sito de poli?ster insaturado e fibra da folha do abacaxizeiro (PALF)." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2011. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/15662.
In the present research work, composites were prepared using pine apple leaf fibres (PALF) as reinforcement with unsaturated polyester resin as matrix, incorporating with fire retardant at different compositions. The PALF was obtained from the decortication of pine apple leaves obtained from Ramada 4 from Ielmo Marinho in the State of Rio Grande do Norte. The unsaturated polyester resin and the catalyzer were bought from the local establishment. The fire retardant, aluminium tri-hydroxide - Al(OH)3 was donated by Alcoa Alum?nio S.A and was used in the proportions of 20%, 40% and 60% w/w. Initially the fibres were treated with 2% NaOH for 1 hour, to remove any impurities present on the fibre surface, such as wax, fat, pectin and pectate, in order to have a better adsorption of the fibres with the matrix as well as the flame retardant. The fibre mat was prepared in a mat preparator by immersion, developed in the Textile Engineering Laboratory, at the UFRN. The composites (300x300x3 mm) were prepared by compression molding and the samples (150x25x3 mm) for analysis of the properties were cut randomly using a laser cutter. Some of the cut samples were used to measure the smoke emission and fire resistance using UL94 standard. Mechanical tension-extension and flexural properties were carried in CTG?s RN and the Laborat?rio de Metais e Ensaios Mec?nicos Engenharia de Materiais UFRN , as well as SEM studies were carried out at N?cleo de Estudos em Petr?leo e G?s Natural - UFRN . From the observed results, it was noted that, there was no marked influence of the fire retardant on the mechanical properties. Also in the water absorption test, the quantity of water absorbed was less in the sample with higher concentration of fire retardant. It was also observed that the increase in the proportion of the fire retardant increased the time of burning, may be due to the compactness of the composite due to the presence of fire retardant as a filling material even though it was meant to reduce the rate of inflammability of the composite
Na presente pesquisa foram desenvolvidos comp?sitos com fibras da folha do abacaxizeiro (PALF - Pineapple Leaf Fiber), utilizando resina de poli?ster insaturado como matriz, incorporando retardante de chama em diferentes composi??es. As fibras da folha do abacaxizeiro foram obtidas na ramada 4 do munic?pio de Ielmo Marinho no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte. A resina de poli?ster insaturado e o catalisador foram comprados no com?rcio. O retardante de chama de alumina trihidratada (hidr?xido de alum?nio - Al(OH)3) foi doado pela empresa Alcoa Alum?nio S.A. e foi utilizado em propor??es de 20%, 40% e 60% do peso do material utilizado na fabrica??o dos comp?sitos. As PALFs foram tratadas com 2% de hidr?xido de s?dio, por 1 hora, para eliminar as impurezas superficiais tais como ceras, gorduras, pectinas e pectatos, para que houvesse uma melhor ades?o da matriz ?s fibras, bem como do retardante de chama. As mantas de fibras foram preparadas num preparador de manta por imers?o, desenvolvido no Laborat?rio de Engenharia T?xtil da UFRN. Os comp?sitos (300x300x3 mm) foram moldados por compress?o e as amostras (150x25x3 mm) para an?lise das propriedades foram cortadas, em diferentes posi??es da placa do comp?sito com aux?lio de uma m?quina de laser. As propriedades mec?nicas de tra??o e flex?o em tr?s pontos foram realizadas no CTG?s RN e no Laborat?rio de Metais e Ensaios Mec?nicos de Engenharia de Materiais da UFRN. Os testes da emiss?o de fuma?a e resist?ncia ao fogo foram realizados no Laborat?rio de Engenharia T?xtil da UFRN, utilizando a norma UL94. As amostras resultantes das propriedades mec?nicas foram avaliadas no MEV do N?cleo de Estudos em Petr?leo e G?s Natural da UFRN. Com base nas an?lises dos resultados nos ensaios mec?nicos, observou-se que o retardante de chama n?o tem influ?ncia significativa. Tamb?m observou-se que no ensaio de abosor??o de ?gua, quanto maior a concentra??o de retardante de chama, a quantidade de ?gua absorvida ? menor. No teste de inflamabilidade, observou-se que quanto maior a concentra??o de retardante de chama, maior o tempo de queima. Pode ser conclu?do que a presen?a de retardante de chama, al?m de atuar como inibidor de chama, tamb?m atua como uma carga que influ?ncia a compacta??o do comp?sito e desta forma reduz a taxa de queima
Bettelli, Mercedes Amelia. "Effect of Induction-Heat Post-Curing on Residual Stresses in Fast-Curing Carbon Fibre Reinforced Composites." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-80527.
Wang, Peng. "Étude numérique et expérimentale de procédé d’élaboration des matériaux composites par infusion de résine." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EMSE0568/document.
Weight saving is still a key issue for aerospace industry. For instance 50% in weightof the B787 and A350 aircraft structures is made of CFRP, so it is necessary to makelighter thick and complex parts. Direct processes called Liquid Composite Molding(LCM), such as Resin Transfer Moulding (RTM) or Resin Infusion Process (LRI, RFI).At the present time, around 5 to 10% of the parts are manufactured by direct processesand the current trend is clearly to go ahead. In RTM process, the dimensional tolerancesand porosity fraction can be kept under control and high quality parts produced, but itsindustrialisation is complex and refined models are still needed to perform simulations.On the contrary, the resin infusion process can be utilized in flexible conditions, such asin low cost open moulds with vacuum bags in nylon or silicone. This type of processonly requires low resin pressure and the tooling is less expensive than RTM rigidmoulds. Therefore LRI and RFI processes are particularity suitable for small andmedium size companies because the investments are rather low compared to othermanufacturing process.Liquid Resin Infusion (LRI) processes are promising manufacturing routes toproduce large, thick or complex structural parts. They are based on the resin flowinduced across its thickness by pressure applied onto a preform / resin stacking.However, both thickness and fibre volume fraction of the final piece are not wellcontrolled since they result from complex mechanisms which drive the transientmechanical equilibria leading to the final geometrical configuration. In order tooptimize both design and manufacturing parameters, but also to monitor the LRIprocess, an isothermal numerical model has been developed by P. Celle [1], whichdescribes the mechanical interaction between the deformations of the porous mediumand the resin flow during infusion. With this numerical model, we have investigated theLRI process with classical industrial piece shapes. To validate the numerical model andto improve the knowledge of the LRI process, the researcher work details a comparisonbetween numerical simulations and an experimental study of a plate infusion testcarried out by LRI process under industrial conditions. From the numerical prediction,the filling time, the resin mass and the thickness of the preform can be determined. Onanother hand, the resin flow and the preform response can be monitored bymicro-thermocouples, optical fibre sensor and fringe projection during the filling stage.One key issue of this research work is to highlight the major process parameterschanges during the resin infusion stage, such as the preform and resin temperature, thevariations of both thickness and fiber volume fraction of the preform. Moreover, thesetwo approaches are both good ways to explore and improve our knowledge on the resininfusion processes, and finally, to develop simulation tools for the design of advancedcomposite parts
Hassler, Ulf. "Tomographie X bi-énergie de matériaux composites." Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0049.
Terry, Shelley Rose. "Five Female Characters Driven to Suicide in Plays by 20th-Century Female Playwrights as a Result of Domestic Violence in a Patriarchal Society." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1279146596.
Triana, Cedeno Guillermo A. "Identification of possible human errors that can result in fires/explosions during tankers' cargo loading/unloading operations at the XYZ marine petroleum terminal." Online version, 2000. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2000/2000trianag.pdf.
Mazzotti, Riccardo. "Studio e caratterizzazione di materiali compositi a matrice polimerica e rinforzo in fibre naturali." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/19453/.
Raimondo, Marialuigia. "Improving the aircraft safety by advanced structures and protecting nanofillers." Doctoral thesis, Universita degli studi di Salerno, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10556/1480.
Inspection and Maintenance are important aspects when considering the availability of aircraft for revenue flights. Modern airframe design is exploiting new exciting developments in materials and structures to construct ever more efficient air vehicle able to enable efficient maintenance. The improvement in the aircraft safety by advanced structures and protecting nanofillers is a revolutionary approach that should lead to the creation of novel generation of multifunctional aircraft materials with strongly desired properties and design flexibilities. In recent years, the development of new nanostructured materials has enabled an evolving shift from single purpose materials to multifunctional systems that can provide greater value than the base materials alone; these materials possess attributes beyond the basic strength and stiffness that typically drive the science and engineering of the material for structural systems. Structural materials can be designed to have integrated electrical, electromagnetic, flame resistance, and possibly other functionalities that work in synergy to provide advantages that reach beyond that of the sum of the individual capabilities. Materials of this kind have tremendous potential to impact future structural performance by reducing size, weight, cost, power consumption and complexity while improving efficiency, safety and versatility. It is a well-known fact that, actually, also a very advanced design of an aircraft has to take required inspection intervals into account. An aircraft with inherent protective abilities could help to significantly extend the inspection intervals, thereby increasing aircraft availability. The challenge in this research is to develop and apply a multifunctional composite for structural applications. The aim of this project is the formulation, preparation and characterization of structural thermosetting composites containing dispersed protective nanofillers. This project specifically targets composites tailored for multifunctional applications such as lightning strike protection, and flame resistance. These composites were designed to enable their application on next generation aircrafts. With regard to the objectives of this PhD project the multifunctional composite systems were developed with the aim of overcoming the following drawbacks of the composite materials: • reduced electrical conductivity; • poor flame resistance. The thermosetting material was projected considering compatibility criteria so that to integrate different functions into a material that is capable of bearing mechanical loads and serves as a structural material element. [edited by author]
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Sakka, Aymen. "Investigation of Heat Conduction Through PMC Components Made Using Resin Transfer Moulding." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23508.