Relevant bibliographies by topics / Fire emergency environment

Academic literature on the topic 'Fire emergency environment'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Fire emergency environment"

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Wang, Bin, Haijiang Li, Yacine Rezgui, Alex Bradley, and Hoang N. Ong. "BIM Based Virtual Environment for Fire Emergency Evacuation." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/589016.

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Recent building emergency management research has highlighted the need for the effective utilization of dynamically changing building information. BIM (building information modelling) can play a significant role in this process due to its comprehensive and standardized data format and integrated process. This paper introduces a BIM based virtual environment supported by virtual reality (VR) and a serious game engine to address several key issues for building emergency management, for example, timely two-way information updating and better emergency awareness training. The focus of this paper lies on how to utilize BIM as a comprehensive building information provider to work with virtual reality technologies to build an adaptable immersive serious game environment to provide real-time fire evacuation guidance. The innovation lies on the seamless integration between BIM and a serious game based virtual reality (VR) environment aiming at practical problem solving by leveraging state-of-the-art computing technologies. The system has been tested for its robustness and functionality against the development requirements, and the results showed promising potential to support more effective emergency management.
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Bayat, H., M. R. Delavar, W. Barghi, S. A. EslamiNezhad, P. Hanachi, and S. Zlatanova. "MODELING OF EMERGENCY EVACUATION IN BUILDING FIRE." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B4-2020 (August 25, 2020): 321–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b4-2020-321-2020.

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Abstract. One of the main problems of rescue workers in confrontation of fired complex buildings is the lack of sufficient information about the building indoor environment and their emergency exit ways. Building information modeling (BIM) is a database for building a 3D model of building information to create a 3D building geometry network model. This paper has implemented some GIS and BIM integration analyses to determine the shortest and safest paths to people under fire risk and simulate their movement in the building. Plasco building was a multi-story shop in Tehran which has been fired in 2017 and destroyed. This paper attempts to simulate the firefighting and rescue operations in Plasco Building using an integration of BIM and GIS. There is no detailed information about the building and the fire incident, therefore the developed BIM and corresponding geometric network might differ slightly. The shortest and safest paths to the exit door or windows where the fire ladders are located are computed and analyzed. As a result of 15 scenarios developed in this paper, it was found that at 87% of the cases, the safest paths for the emergency exit of the people at risk were longer than the shortest paths. This study has evaluated different scenarios for the shortest and safest paths using Dijkstra algorithm considering different origins and destination points in the 3D indoor environment to assist the rescue operations.
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Jiang, Aiyin, Yunjeong Mo, and Vamsi Sai Kalasapudi. "Status quo and challenges and future development of fire emergency evacuation research and application in built environment." Journal of Information Technology in Construction 27 (August 2, 2022): 781–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.36680/j.itcon.2022.038.

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Fire emergency evacuation study has been conducted for decades. In recent two decades, the fire emergency evacuation studies have been incorporating new technologies due to the high demands on efficient and safe evacuation for occupants who have various needs. The proposed fire emergency evacuation system from academic research and solutions from industry practices adopt different technologies to serve various evacuees. Therefore, this study conducts literature review to understand the status quo of current fire emergency evacuation research and practice. It shows that fire emergency evacuation studies mainly focus on the facility operation stage instead of design and construction stages. The facilities include residential buildings, education buildings, subways, shopping centers, etc. Three critical factors affect efficient and safe fire emergency evacuation in a built environment – facility physical features, fire characteristics, and human behavior. This study categories these new technologies, which are incorporated into the fire emergency evacuation research and practices within the recent two decades, into four groups: (1) Facility geometrical analysis, which includes the technologies such as BIM, GIS, VR and the combination of BIM/GIS/VR (2) Fire and smoke simulation, e.g. FDS and Pyrosim. The simulation output such as fire and smoke dynamics is incorporated into intelligent fire evacuation system (3) Crowd evacuation simulation software, e.g. Pathfinder, Massmotion; the output of simulation is used to develop personalized evacuation system (4) Indoor positioning system and mobile device/IoT technology to track and evacuate occupants intelligently. This study presents these new technologies used in the fire emergency evacuation systems and indicates that the development of an intelligent and personalized emergency evacuation system, which may track the evacuees in real time, is the future research trend.
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Almeida, Sherri-Lynne. "Houston fire department pioneers latex-safe prehospital environment." Journal of Emergency Nursing 23, no. 3 (June 1997): 209–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0099-1767(97)90007-6.

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Jia, Jingyun, Xiantao Chen, and Qiang Sun. "Surrounding Environment and Civil Airport Fire Emergency Management Based on Big Data Simulation." Mobile Information Systems 2022 (July 20, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9050406.

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The new generation of information and communication technologies represented by the Internet of Things, big data, and cloud computing are developing rapidly. Through continuous integration with other emerging technologies, the Internet of Things technology accelerates its penetration into the fields of smart medicine, new energy, and materials. In this article, we will explore the airport peripheral environment and civil airport fire emergency management. In airport emergency management, bird strike and fire management are the most frequent problems. Bird strikes most often occur in aircraft take-off, taxi, and landing areas. Therefore, the study of airport environmental characteristics is particularly important. In order to improve the emergency support capability of the civil airport fire department and the level of airport operation support, it is necessary to clarify the factors that affect the emergency support capability of the airport fire department. This article is based on the research of the airport surrounding environment of Big Data Internet of Things and applies it to the research of civil airport fire emergency management, which improves the emergency ability of airport firefighters.
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Iglesias, Virginia, Natasha Stavros, Jennifer K. Balch, Kimiko Barrett, Jeanette Cobian-Iñiguez, Cyrus Hester, Crystal A. Kolden, et al. "Fires that matter: reconceptualizing fire risk to include interactions between humans and the natural environment." Environmental Research Letters 17, no. 4 (March 24, 2022): 045014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac5c0c.

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Abstract Increasing fire impacts across North America are associated with climate and vegetation change, greater exposure through development expansion, and less-well studied but salient social vulnerabilities. We are at a critical moment in the contemporary human-fire relationship, with an urgent need to transition from emergency response to proactive measures that build sustainable communities, protect human health, and restore the use of fire necessary for maintaining ecosystem processes. We propose an integrated risk factor that includes fire and smoke hazard, exposure, and vulnerability as a method to identify ‘fires that matter’, that is, fires that have potentially devastating impacts on our communities. This approach enables pathways to delineate and prioritise science-informed planning strategies most likely to increase community resilience to fires.
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Habibah, Ayu Nilasari, and Irma Cahyaningrum. "The Implementation of Fire Emergency Response in the Central Java Oil and Gas Company." Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health 11, no. 1 (March 30, 2022): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/ijosh.v11i1.2022.21-32.

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Introduction: Oil and gas business activities are one of several sectors that have a high risk of accidents, fires, explosions, and environmental pollution. This makes the company implement preparedness in the face of fire emergencies to be implemented by all workers so that the risk of fire can be minimized and the work environment is in a safe condition. The purpose of this study is to describe the fire emergency response system. Methods: This study was analyzed using a descriptive method and used a cross-sectional study design. The research location was in the Central Java Oil and Gas Company from February-April 2017. The data used were primary and secondary data with the researched variables including potential fire hazards, facilities, and fire prevention. Results: One of the potential hazards that exist is fire hazard potential. The facilities available as part of the emergency response system are an active protection system consisting of the provision of extinguishers, hydrants, fireboxes, foam chambers, water sprinkles, fire alarm systems, fire pumps, and fire cars. Meanwhile, the passive protection system consists of evacuation routes, muster points, evacuation maps, posters, and warning signs. Fire prevention consists of the formation of a fire-fighting team, training, simulation, and SOP containing technical execution. Conclusion: This oil and gas company has implemented an emergency response system especially for fires by facilitating active and passive protection facilities. The company has also established a fire suppression system as part of its fire emergency response system.Keywords: emergency response, fire, prevention, risk
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Al-Kaff, Abdulla, Ángel Madridano, Sergio Campos, Fernando García, David Martín, and Arturo de la Escalera. "Emergency Support Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for Forest Fire Surveillance." Electronics 9, no. 2 (February 4, 2020): 260. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9020260.

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The advances in autonomous technologies and microelectronics have increased the use of Autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in more critical applications, such as forest fire monitoring and fighting. In addition, implementing surveillance methods that provide rich information about the fires is considered a great tool for Emergency Response Teams (ERT). From this aspect and in collaboration with Telefónica Digital España, Dronitec S.L, and Divisek Systems, this paper presents a fire monitoring system based on perception algorithms, implemented on a UAV, to perform surveillance tasks allowing the monitoring of a specific area, in which several algorithms have been implemented to perform the tasks of autonomous take-off/landing, trajectory planning, and fire monitoring. This UAV is equipped with RGB and thermal cameras, temperature sensors, and communication modules in order to provide full information about the fire and the UAV itself, sending these data to the ground station in real time. The presented work is validated by performing several flights in a real environment, and the obtained results show the efficiency and the robustness of the proposed system, against different weather conditions.
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Zhong, Bin, Lin Zhang, Xiao Ping Li, and Zhang Yang. "Research on Subway Fire Emergency System Based on Virtual Roaming." Applied Mechanics and Materials 685 (October 2014): 655–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.685.655.

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Due to the special nature of the fire at subway station, the traditional fire simulation and fire drills are difficult to carry out. It is difficult to obtain accurate data of fire, and emergency program design is also difficult to achieve the greatest degree of optimization. This paper discusses the advantage of virtual roaming technology, builds the model of subway station by 3Dmax. By webmax virtual roaming we can build the virtual tour system of subway station fire emergency, which provides the user with a fire simulation environment of metro station. At the same time, we also introduce the corresponding key technologies and the overall program system which we have designed. More methods for optimizing the fire emergency plan also have been provided.
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Song, Y., L. Zhao, M. Wei, H. Zhang, and W. Liu. "MODELLING TECHNOLOGY FOR BUILDING FIRE SCENE WITH VIRTUAL GEOGRAPHIC ENVIRONMENT." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W7 (September 12, 2017): 391–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w7-391-2017.

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Building fire is a risky activity that can lead to disaster and massive destruction. The management and disposal of building fire has always attracted much interest from researchers. Integrated Virtual Geographic Environment (VGE) is a good choice for building fire safety management and emergency decisions, in which a more real and rich fire process can be computed and obtained dynamically, and the results of fire simulations and analyses can be much more accurate as well. To modelling building fire scene with VGE, the application requirements and modelling objective of building fire scene were analysed in this paper. Then, the four core elements of modelling building fire scene (the building space environment, the fire event, the indoor Fire Extinguishing System (FES) and the indoor crowd) were implemented, and the relationship between the elements was discussed also. Finally, with the theory and framework of VGE, the technology of building fire scene system with VGE was designed within the data environment, the model environment, the expression environment, and the collaborative environment as well. The functions and key techniques in each environment are also analysed, which may provide a reference for further development and other research on VGE.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fire emergency environment"

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Hintze, Neil R. "First responder problem solving and decision making in today's asymmetrical environment." Thesis, Registration and login required, 2008. https://www.hsdl.org/homesec/docs/theses/08Mar_Hintze.pdf&code=0b11819a26de4946f5547907991d6aad.

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Ruhásová, Aranka. "Význam modelování mimořádných událostí pomocí softwarových nástrojů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-216919.

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The Master's Thesis deals with the usage of various software tools in emergency management and in environmental protection. Nowadays, on every step we make, we can face emergency situations which can cause great harm to the environment as well as to human life and property. The theoretical part provides an overview of software tools. Different software tools, their basic parameters, development and usage are described. There are also explained terms like geographic information system, etc. The practical part is focused on the instruments used in selected countries, including Czech Republic, Slovak Republic, Hungary, USA, Canada and the United Kingdom. In the conclusion is the comparison of the effectiveness of software tools in emergency management and in environmental protection.
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Bambrough, Marilyn Edna. "An Artful Habitat:Creating an Environment for Divergent Expression." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2018. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/8798.

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Over the last century, teaching techniques and philosophies have changed extensively in the art classroom. Teaching methods have spanned a range that stretches from highly rigid, to self-expressive, more learner centered approaches. In recent years, there has been a resurgence of interest and research regarding the role of creativity in visual art education. This research project focused on the qualities of effective art instruction using elements from a number of historical ideologies, with the intent to study creative development in students. The research used a case-study methodology informed by a reflective, action research methodology. Research was used to determine effective engagement, and discover teaching strategies using fun and playful exploration that motivate students to be as creative as possible, discover what they are interested in, and engage them in their own artistic research. The application of this research is to inform and improve my own teaching practice, and to explore the qualities of effective learner centered art instruction for middle school age students.
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Mexicano, Vargas Maria de Lourdes. "Remote Sensing Methods To Classify a Desert Wetland." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/232457.

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The Cienega de Santa Clara is a 5600 ha, anthropogenic wetland in the delta of the Colorado River in Mexico. It is the inadvertent creation of the disposal of brackish agricultural waste water from the U.S. into the intertidal zone of the river delta in Mexico, but has become an internationally important wetland for resident and migratory water birds. The marsh is dominated by Typha domengensis with Phragmites australis as a sub-dominant species in shallower marsh areas. The most important factor controlling vegetation density was fire. The second significant (P<0.01) factor controlling NDVI was flow rate of agricultural drain water from the U.S. into the marsh. Reduced summer flows in 2001 due to canal repairs, and in 2010 during the YDP test run, produced the two lowest NDVI values of the time series from 2000 to 2011 (P<0.05). Salinity is a further determinant of vegetation dynamics as determined by greenhouse experiments, but was nearly constant over the period 2000 to 2011, so it was not a significant variable in regression analyses. Evapotranspiration (ET) and other water balance components were measured in Cienega de Santa Clara; we used a remote sensing algorithm to estimate ET from meteorological data and Enhanced Vegetation Index values from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) sensors on the Terra satellite. We used Landsat NDVI imagery from 1978-2011 to determine the area and intensity of vegetation and to estimate evapotranspiration (ET) to construct a water balance. Remote sensing data was supplemented with hydrological data, site surveys and literature citations. The vegetated area increased from 1978 to 1995 and has been constant at about 4200 ha since then. The dominant vegetation type is Typha domingensis (southern cattail), and peak summer NDVI since 1995 has been stable at 0.379 (SD = 0.016), about half of NDVI(max). About 30% of the inflow water is consumed in ET, with the remainder exiting the Cienega as outflow water, mainly during winter months when T. domingensis is dormant.
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Books on the topic "Fire emergency environment"

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Tomoda, Shizue. Public emergency services: Social dialogue in a changing environment : report for discussion at the Joint Meeting on Public Emergency Services: Social Dialogue in a Changing Environment, Geneva, 2003. Geneva: International Labour Office, 2003.

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Protection, United States Congress Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works Subcommittee on Environmental. Local preparedness for releases of hazardous substances: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Environmental Protection of the Committee on Environment and Public Works, United States Senate, One Hundred Second Congress, first session, May 2, 1991, Warwick, RI. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1991.

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Switzerland) Joint Meeting on Public Emergency Services: Social Dialogue in a Changing Environment (2003 Geneva. Note on the proceedings: Joint Meeting on Public Emergency Services: Social Dialogue in a Changing Environment : Geneva, 27-31 January 2003. Geneva: International Labour Office, 2003.

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Foden, Charles R. Hazardous materials emergency action data. Chelsea, Mich: Lewis Publishers, 1989.

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Foltz, Randy B. Effectiveness of post-fire burned area emergency response (BAER) road treatments: Results from three wildfires. Fort Collins, CO: United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2013.

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Office, General Accounting. Chemical safety: Emergency response community views on the adequacy of federally required chemical information : report to Congressional Committees. Washington, DC: GAO, 2002.

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Japan. Shōbōchō. Yobōka. Shōbō Gijutsu Seisakushitsu. Shōbō bōsai kagaku gijutsu kenkyū kaihatsu jireishū: Kyōsōteki kenkyū shikin seido Heisei 20, 21-nendo shūryō kadai. [Tokyo]: Sōmushō Shōbōchō Yobōka Shōbō Gijutsu Seisakushitsu, 2011.

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Lindenmayer, David, Stephen Dovers, Molly Harriss Olson, and Steve Morton, eds. Ten Commitments. CSIRO Publishing, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643097155.

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In Ten Commitments: Reshaping the Lucky Country’s Environment, leading environmental thinkers in Australia have written provocative chapters on environmental issues facing the nation. Each chapter includes 10 key issues that must be urgently addressed to improve Australia’s environment. The book is organised by ecosystem, by sector and by cross-cutting themes. Topics include: deserts, rangelands, woodlands, tropical savannas, urban settlements, forestry, tropical and temperate marine ecosystems, tropical rainforest, alpine and aquatic ecosystems, coasts, fisheries, agriculture, mining, grazing, tourism, climate change, earth systems, water, biodiversity, policy and institutional reforms, the private sector, human population, health, fire, emergency management, Indigenous land management and energy. With over 40 experts weighing in on Australia’s most pressing issues, this is a must-read for anyone interested in the environment.
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Concepts of Incident Command System for the Caribbean Region. A Manual for Participants. Pan American Health Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37774/9789275123287.

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The Incident Command System (ICS) is a management tool for coordinating incidents or events that may exceed the daily capacity to respond. Most Caribbean countries have adopted the ICS as their standard for emergency response and operational deployment. It is critical to provide training for all first responders (i.e., law enforcement, fire, or emergency medical services personnel) who may be called upon to function in an ICS environment. The need for training extends to NGOs as well.
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Fancourt, Daisy. Fact file 1: Critical care and emergency medicine. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198792079.003.0014.

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Emergency medicine involves the care of patients who require immediate medical attention. The specialty encompasses a broad range of medical disciplines, including anaesthesia, cardiology (a field related to the heart), neurology (a field related to the brain), plastic surgery, orthopaedic surgery (surgery relating to the bones or muscles), and cardiothoracic surgery (surgery relating to the heart, chest, or lungs). There are also a number of subspecialties including extreme environment medicine, disaster medicine and sports medicine. Related to emergency medicine is the specialty of critical care medicine, which is concerned with the care of patients with life-threatening conditions often treated in intensive care settings....
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Book chapters on the topic "Fire emergency environment"

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Andersson, Anna-Lena, and Kenneth Svensson. "Suicide in the Transport System." In The Vision Zero Handbook, 1–13. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23176-7_42-2.

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AbstractThe Swedish Transport Administration (STA) work to reduce the number of suicides in the transport system. Fatalities, i.e., on roads, railways, and bridges, originate from either accidents or suicides, natural death excluded. Knowing the correct manner of death is needed to work with optimal prevention strategies. The aims are to separate fatalities due to suicides, follow the development, and implement measures for suicide prevention. Methods are developed for suicide classification and criteria for the selection in which suicides were suspected. Fatalities in level one and two of five were classified as suicides. Data from the STA’s databases are used and so are data from the psychosocial investigations done by a trained investigator in the topic and with clinical experience from counselling at hospitals. 2129 persons died on the roads in Sweden, 10% (206 persons) were classified as suicides. 336 persons died after being hit by trains, 85% (284 persons) were suicides. 130 persons died by jumping from bridges.The number of suicides increases with population density. Suicide in the transport system is a major problem; firstly personal tragedies, it is also a work environment problem for truck and train drivers and for the emergency staff. It generates delays and costs for passenger and cargo transport. By analyzing the results of countermeasures in the form of obstructive barriers, the physical environment can be improved and high-risk areas can be accentuated. Restricting access to the means of suicide is important in suicide prevention. Strategies for the STA include suicide prevention in the design of new roads, railways, and bridges, as well as by identifying and reducing existing high-risk locations. Sharing the results with other authorities and organizations and cooperation within suicide prevention missions are vital for the enhancement of the overall suicide prevention work in society.
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Andersson, Anna-Lena, and Kenneth Svensson. "Suicide in the Transport System." In The Vision Zero Handbook, 1–13. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23176-7_42-1.

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AbstractThe Swedish Transport Administration (STA) work to reduce the number of suicides in the transport system. Fatalities, i.e., on roads, railways, and bridges, originate from either accidents or suicides, natural death excluded. Knowing the correct manner of death is needed to work with optimal prevention strategies. The aims are to separate fatalities due to suicides, follow the development, and implement measures for suicide prevention. Methods are developed for suicide classification and criteria for the selection in which suicides were suspected. Fatalities in level one and two of five were classified as suicides. Data from the STA’s databases are used and so are data from the psychosocial investigations done by a trained investigator in the topic and with clinical experience from counselling at hospitals. 2129 persons died on the roads in Sweden, 10% (206 persons) were classified as suicides. 336 persons died after being hit by trains, 85% (284 persons) were suicides. 130 persons died by jumping from bridges.The number of suicides increases with population density. Suicide in the transport system is a major problem; firstly personal tragedies, it is also a work environment problem for truck and train drivers and for the emergency staff. It generates delays and costs for passenger and cargo transport. By analyzing the results of countermeasures in the form of obstructive barriers, the physical environment can be improved and high-risk areas can be accentuated. Restricting access to the means of suicide is important in suicide prevention. Strategies for the STA include suicide prevention in the design of new roads, railways, and bridges, as well as by identifying and reducing existing high-risk locations. Sharing the results with other authorities and organizations and cooperation within suicide prevention missions are vital for the enhancement of the overall suicide prevention work in society.
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Andersson, Anna-Lena, and Kenneth Svensson. "Suicide in the Transport System." In The Vision Zero Handbook, 1103–15. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76505-7_42.

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AbstractThe Swedish Transport Administration (STA) work to reduce the number of suicides in the transport system. Fatalities, i.e., on roads, railways, and bridges, originate from either accidents or suicides, natural death excluded. Knowing the correct manner of death is needed to work with optimal prevention strategies. The aims are to separate fatalities due to suicides, follow the development, and implement measures for suicide prevention. Methods are developed for suicide classification and criteria for the selection in which suicides were suspected. Fatalities in level one and two of five were classified as suicides. Data from the STA’s databases are used and so are data from the psychosocial investigations done by a trained investigator in the topic and with clinical experience from counselling at hospitals. 2129 persons died on the roads in Sweden, 10% (206 persons) were classified as suicides. 336 persons died after being hit by trains, 85% (284 persons) were suicides. 130 persons died by jumping from bridges.The number of suicides increases with population density. Suicide in the transport system is a major problem; firstly personal tragedies, it is also a work environment problem for truck and train drivers and for the emergency staff. It generates delays and costs for passenger and cargo transport. By analyzing the results of countermeasures in the form of obstructive barriers, the physical environment can be improved and high-risk areas can be accentuated. Restricting access to the means of suicide is important in suicide prevention. Strategies for the STA include suicide prevention in the design of new roads, railways, and bridges, as well as by identifying and reducing existing high-risk locations. Sharing the results with other authorities and organizations and cooperation within suicide prevention missions are vital for the enhancement of the overall suicide prevention work in society.
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"Using virtual environment to investigate way-finding behavior in fire emergency." In Advances in Usability Evaluation Part II, 195–204. CRC Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b12324-22.

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Stefic, Wilfried, Raphaël Supplisson, and Mélina Brichler. "A Knowledge Network dedicated to Advanced Fire Analysis to better intervene." In Advances in Forest Fire Research 2022, 940–42. Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/978-989-26-2298-9_142.

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Faced with an increase in risks all over the the planet due to climate change and land management, scientists and operational staff are trying to find answers to adapt to 'increased risks'. Wildfires are a global problem that impact societies and the environment. Over the past decade, the number of wildfires has been unprecedented, creating great uncertainty for emergency responders. The results of these events are catastrophic impacts on life, property and the environment, e.g. Portugal 2017, Greece 2018, Spain 2019 in Southern Europe and Sweden 2018, Germany 2019, United Kingdom 2019 in Central and Northern Europe. Science proves that the risk of forest fires is increasing across Europe and that climate change is making the situation worse. Even countries that have never seen forest fires as a real threat to society and the environment will need to master firefighting. During a fire, European firefighting systems are exposed to demanding situations that help to understand fires and improve firefighting systems. Irrespective of the ability of some European emergency services to transfer acquired knowledge on wildfire management, extracting lessons learned and converting them into applicable knowledge for future events in the same or different countries is not sufficiently taken into consideration. Some countries have created knowledge networks around fire behavior analysis that operate at regional and national level (e.g. the FAST team in Spain, the Wildfire Tactical Advisor group in the UK and specialist centers in the Council Europe such as the Global Fire Monitoring Center in Germany and the European Forest Fire Center in Greece). A European forest firefighting knowledge sharing network is needed to extend existing regional and national knowledge, translate it with the mission of two-way learning to generate improved overall European emergency response capabilities in case of fire. With expertise in knowledge management, ENSOSP has joined forces with other recognized partners to develop a knowledge network specific to forest fires.
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Cereda, Emiliano, and Roberto Vancetti. "Virtual Reality for Fire Safety Engineering." In Advances in Human and Social Aspects of Technology, 251–68. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-4854-0.ch012.

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The international fire safety framework defines the characteristics of an escape system that can communicate information to allow occupants to make the optimal decision to reach a safe place. Fire safety engineering is the subject that helps the designer to carry out analyses for the study of fire through the use of CFD (computational fluid dynamics) tools and escape modelling. The interaction between the escape system and the occupants is a factor that controls the effectiveness of the design solution. This factor is difficult to assess in the absence of specific tools. An analysis methodology based on numerical simulation models, aided by virtual reality tools, improves the interpretation of results. The authors set out to develop a method capable of exporting fire simulation in a virtual environment and visualising the results within a virtual reality environment. The methodology is able to improve the knowledge of the emergency dynamics within the fire scenario.
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Eburn, Michael. "Bushfires and Australian Emergency Management Law and Policy: Adapting To Climate Change and the New Fire and Emergency Management Environment." In Special Issue Cassandra’s Curse: The Law and Foreseeable Future Disasters, 155–88. Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/s1059-433720150000068007.

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Carter, Tim, Sally Bell, Mike Doig, Robbert Hermanns, and Phil Bryson. "Seafaring, offshore energy, and diving." In Fitness for Work, 340–67. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198808657.003.0016.

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Seafaring, work in the offshore energy sector, and commercial diving share a number of common features that are relevant to the assessment of fitness to work. Physically and mentally demanding tasks, many of which are considered safety critical, are performed, often in an unforgiving environment. Workplaces are commonly remote from onshore health and emergency services, necessitating the provision of emergency medical and incident (including fire) response on site. Employees must be trained and physically and mentally capable of performing these rare but demanding roles. The risks from a serious injury or illness are raised by the lack of full medical care facilities.
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Voltolina, Debora, Giacomo Cappellini, Tiziana Apuani, and Simone Sterlacchini. "Simulating wildland surface fire behaviour to support emergency management." In Advances in Forest Fire Research 2022, 367–74. Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/978-989-26-2298-9_58.

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The recent upsurge in the incidence of extreme wildfire events, the expected impact of climate change on the frequency and severity of fires, and the progressive expansion of wildland-urban interface areas highlight the tangible need for improvement in our ability to predict, mitigate and manage the growing risk to which communities are exposed. The aim of this research is to contribute to deepen the knowledge on the spatial simulation of complex dynamics of wildland surface fire behaviour through the development and validation of a spatially distributed predictive model for the simulation of wildland surface fire spread intended for operational purposes. Given the position of one or more ignition points, the developed model allows to (i) obtain near real time dynamic estimates of the geo-environmental variables that control the fire spread, (ii) compute the direction and intensity of the maximum rate of fire spread in heterogeneous environments, and (iii) simulate the surface fire spread using agent-based models. The final aim is to provide competent authorities with timely information on the expected evolution of the flame front to optimise decision-making processes. The model, developed under synthetic conditions, is then applied to case studies recorded in the territory of the Autonomous Region of Sardinia, that offers institutional information on the ignition location, the evolution of the flame front, and the completed fire suppression activities, which are implemented in the model as well. Overall, the model showed a promising predictive capacity evaluated in quantitative terms of morphological matching between the observed and predicted fire spread patterns, returning more accurate results in areas with less complex morphologies and dominated by herbaceous rather than shrubby fuels. The model also made it possible to obtain accurate simulations in rapid processing times, compatible with its operational application as a tool for optimising and planning fire risk prevention and mitigation strategies and policies as well as fire management activities. Future research will be addressed at improving the predictive capacity of the model and estimating the propagation of the parametric uncertainty of the geo-environmental variables within the model.
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"The Fire and Emergency Task Group." In Effective Environmental, Health, and Safety Management Using the Team Approach, 89–97. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0471739405.ch10.

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Conference papers on the topic "Fire emergency environment"

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Zhang, Xing-hui, Zhi Tang, Zheng Fang, and Lei Zhang. "Assessment of Emergency Evacuation in Tunnel Fire Environment." In 2016 International Conference on Robots & Intelligent System (ICRIS). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icris.2016.27.

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Chen, Xiang, and Yang Li. "Geometry-Based Virtual Simulation for Fire Escape in Emergency Environment." In 2013 Fourth International Conference on Networking and Distributed Computing (ICNDC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icndc.2013.36.

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Guyo, E., and T. Hartmann. "Development of an ontology for the representation of firefighters’ data requirements during building fire emergencies." In The 29th EG-ICE International Workshop on Intelligent Computing in Engineering. EG-ICE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/aul.455.c190.

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Firefighters require accurate and timely information regarding a building and its environment to perform their duty safely and effectively during a fire emergency. However, due to the chaotic nature of building fires, firefighters often receive erroneous, conflicting, or delayed information that can affect the outcome of a hazard. In this paper, we propose a solution in the form of an ontology that defines building and environmental data needed by firefighters during a building fire emergency. The ontology can be a basis for developing intelligent tools and systems that collect building and environmental data from different data sources and provide comprehensive information to firefighters. It can also facilitate the data exchange process between the different personnel involved in emergency response. The ontology was developed by following the METHONTOLOGY method, and it was implemented using the web ontology language (OWL) in Protégé 5.5.0.
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Zhihui Li, Xiuwan Chen, and Chiyuan Li. "Integration of distribute GIS and GPS for inter-regional fire emergency management in Yangtze River Delta." In 2011 International Conference on Remote Sensing, Environment and Transportation Engineering (RSETE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rsete.2011.5965001.

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Feng, Wenxing, Chaopeng Wu, Shuxin Li, Xiaodong Long, and Jingjun Xi. "Above Ground Petroleum Product Storage Tank Fires: A Numerical Analysis of Thermal Radiation for Developing Fire Prevention Strategy." In 2014 10th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2014-33029.

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Above ground petroleum product storage tanks are tanks or other containers that are above ground, partially buried, bunkered, or in a subterranean vault. These are built to store petroleum product for pipeline system, oilfield and refinery. Tank fires are one of the most terrible accidents in oil pipeline transportation stations. Tank fires pose a significant hazard to people, buildings, process piping, the environment and other facilities as a result of thermal radiation exposure. It is necessary and meaningful to study the distribution of the thermal radiation of a tank fire for emergency response, prevention and reducing loss. To analyze potential tank fire incidents at a pipeline station, a three-dimensional station model was built using a computational fluid dynamics (Abbreviated as CFD, is a branch of fluid mechanics that uses numerical methods and algorithms to solve and analyze problems that involve fluid flows) software package to evaluate the thermal radiation distribution under different conditions. Numerical simulations were carried out for a total of six simulation scenarios to analyze 3 types of potential fires for 2 different liquid products (gasoline and diesel). The three kinds of fires that were modeled included: 1) disk pool fire on top of the tank; 2) ring pool fire on the top of a tank; and 3) pool fire in a dike. The simulation evaluates the effect of the thermal radiation on facilities and people. The simulation results show that the water cooling system is effective at decreasing the magnitude of thermal radiation exposure and as a result is effective at protecting nearby tanks and facilities. Without water protection, the disk fire or ring fire can destroy or damage nearby structures significantly. The results of the simulation also show that the dike pool fire can have a catastrophic consequence to nearby facilities. Further the analysis showed that environmental wind does not change the thermal radiation distribution significantly. The results of the simulation point out countermeasure activities to enhance fire prevention at oil pipeline transportation stations in a scientific way.
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Schneeberger, Michael, Lucas Paletta, K. Wolfgang Kallus, Lilian Reim, Christian Schönauer, Andreas Peer, Richard Feischl, et al. "First Responder Situation Reporting in Virtual Reality Training with Evaluation of Cognitive-emotional Stress using Psychophysiological Measures." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001841.

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First responders engage in highly stressful situations at the emergency site that may induce stress, fear, panic and a collapse of clear thinking. Staying cognitively under control under these circumstances is a necessary condition to avoid useless risk-taking and particularly to provide accurate situation reports to remote units to be able to organize appropriate support in time. This work applied a flexible virtual reality (VR) training environment with the purpose to investigate the performance of reporting under rather realistically simulated mission conditions. In a pilot study, representative emergency forces of the Austrian volunteer fire brigade and paramedics of the Johanniter organization were subjected to a test program that tested a formalized reporting schema (LEDVV), inducing equivalent strain in both, real environment and VR-based training scenarios. Wearable psychophysiological measuring technology was applied to estimate the cognitive-emotional stress level under both training conditions. The results indicate that both situation reports achieve a rather high level of cognitive-emotional stress and should be thoroughly trained. Furthermore, the results motivate the use of VR environments for the training of stress-resilient decision-making behavior of emergency forces.
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Hanea, Daniela M., and Ben J. M. Ale. "Estimating the Statistical Distribution of Human Damage Produced by a Fire in a Building Using Bayesian Belief Nets." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-79875.

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The complexity of the cities’ layout and other public spaces, together with the large number of people involved leads to increased strain on the resources of emergency responders. An accident, such as a fire, remains a rare event so it is difficult for those in charge of preparing for an emergency and deciding on the acceptability of risk to get a picture of such an event. The interest of all emergency response agencies is to minimize the impact of disaster events on the entities of interest, which include first of all the human population. For this, there is need for a tool that helps the decision makers estimate the distribution of the fire outcome, given different information about the environment in which the fire takes place. This paper discusses the possibility of using continuous Bayesian belief nets for the study of the factors that influence the risk to which the people involved in a building fire are exposed, and how these factors influence the risk. The big advantage of Bayesian belief net approach is that it can model uncertain events. The distribution of the variables of interest can be easily updated given information about some of the other variables. Moreover, the intuitive visual representation of the problem at hand can help people to understand complex systems or processes, like a fire in a building. In this study, the approach is tested for a small example and the results are analyzed. The possibility of extending this method to a more complex model is discussed.
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Tatoglu, Akin, Eoin King, and Jarrett Lagler. "On Self-Driving Car Safety: Occupancy Map Modification With Rapid Emergency Vehicle Detection." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-88492.

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Unmanned ground vehicles (UGV) and self-driving cars utilize visual sensors including cameras, Lidars and radars not only for localization and obstacle avoidance purposes but also to generate a 3D map of the surroundings. When an emergency vehicle — such as a fire truck or an ambulance — is approaching, self-driving cars are required to modify their path plan and find a safe spot rapidly. However early detection of a fast approaching emergency vehicle in urban environment is challenging with a visual perception system since it requires direct view without an obstacle in between. To improve the safety of self-driving cars, a localization algorithm is required to maximize the path modification time constraint as well as to minimize location and direction detection time, especially at an intersection in urban environments. To overcome this challenge, we mounted a transducer array on top of a mobile robot and applied beam forming algorithms to predict the location and velocity vector of the remote dynamic vehicle. Even with high uncertainty, this strategy improved time requirement of occupancy grid update which marks all possible unsafe areas to avoid a collision. Two experimental setups of controlled and uncontrolled environments were prepared. Followed by preliminary transducer characteristic analysis in an anechoic chamber, an outdoor experiment with two mobile robots are executed to benchmark the capability of signal processing techniques while both source and observer are in motion.
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Juvik, Tore, Tore Hermansen, Roger Carr, and Stan Hale. "Online Valve Monitoring Systems Used on Off-Shore Platforms in the North Sea." In ASME 2002 21st International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2002-28403.

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Monitoring the leakage and condition of Emergency Shutdown Valves (ESVs) on offshore oil and gas platforms is an essential part of maintaining the safety of personnel and protecting the environment. Failure of these valves to operate when they are needed also has an enormous economic impact. The ESVs are intended to isolate each section of the platform in the event of a line break or fire, preventing hydrocarbons from flowing into the affected section. This paper describes a unique approach to monitoring these valves for leakage while the systems are in operation.
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Medonos, Sava, Robert W. Brewerton, and Valentin I. Jouravel. "Safety and Environment Requirements and Systems for Offshore Installations Operating in Arctic Environments." In ASME 2002 21st International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2002-28418.

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Recent offshore developments in the Arctic in Russia, the US, Canada and other locations have brought additional requirements on critical systems for safety and environmental protection. The design of the systems broadly follows the design principles for temperate climate. However, a substantial number of key additional requirements exist that are paramount for operations of the systems at down to −45 °C and in ice and snow. Equipment reliability reduces with reducing sub-zero temperature. Production, emergency and ancillary equipment have to be heated to prevent the equipment malfunctioning and to prevent the development of upset conditions into hazardous situations. This is valid for both preventative and mitigating measures. The heating has to have a high reliability, should it be HVAC systems or trace heating. A specific focus should be given to material selection, and this not only for operating conditions, but also for transportation and storage where equipment may be exposed to low temperature extremes, which may permanently change the material crystalline structure and its properties. The extent to which optimum solutions to these problems can be found is often dependent upon the nature of the overall platform layout, especially where designing against major hazards is concerned. Whole-year protected tunnels are preferred as means of escape, with heating for winter conditions to prevent blockage by ice and snow and ensure high availability whatever weather. They have to be ventilated by highly reliable ventilation systems. A number of fields in the Arctic have a very high hydrogen sulfide content, which together with sea and ice conditions sets requirements for special amphibious evacuation craft. Evacuation by means of icebreakers is often not possible for all conditions as icebreaker engines cannot be operated in air with hydrogen sulfide content. A possible solution may be an amphibious survival craft ARKTOS that have been used to date on some installations. A greater emphasis has in recent years been put on the protection of the environment against operational emissions and discharges, and accidental releases and spills. Whilst the incipient causes of accidental releases and spills are similar to those leading to fire and explosion hazards, recovery from a hydrocarbon spill situation requires specialised equipment with satisfactory performance specific for the Arctic. Based on the authors’ experience from several recent projects, the Paper presents additional requirements for safety and environmental protection systems for Arctic conditions, addresses incipient causes of equipment and structural failures and it outlines technical solutions for risk reduction, many of which have been used in practice.
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Reports on the topic "Fire emergency environment"

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Journeay, M., P. LeSueur, W. Chow, and C L Wagner. Physical exposure to natural hazards in Canada. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/330012.

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Natural hazard threats occur in areas of the built environment where buildings, people, and related financial assets are exposed to the physical effects of earth system processes that have a potential to cause damage, injuries, losses, and related socioeconomic disruption. As cities, towns, and villages continue to expand and densify in response to the pressures of urban growth and development, so too do the levels of exposure and susceptibility to natural hazard threat. While our understanding of natural hazard processes has increased significantly over the last few decades, the ability to assess both overall levels of physical exposure and the expected impacts and consequences of future disaster events (i.e., risk) is often limited by access to an equally comprehensive understanding of the built environment and detailed descriptions of who and what are situated in harm's way. This study addresses the current gaps in our understanding of physical exposure to natural hazards by presenting results of a national model that documents characteristics of the built environment for all settled areas in Canada. The model (CanEM) includes a characterization of broad land use patterns that describe the form and function of cities, towns, and villages of varying size and complexity, and the corresponding portfolios of people, buildings and related financial assets that make up the internal structure and composition of these communities at the census dissemination area level. Outputs of the CanEM model are used to carry out a preliminary assessment of exposure and susceptibility to significant natural hazard threats in Canada including earthquake ground shaking; inundation of low-lying areas by floods and tsunami; severe winds associated with hurricanes and tornados; wildland urban interface fire (wildfire); and landslides of various types. Results of our assessment provide important new insights on patterns of development and defining characteristics of the built environment for major metropolitan centres, rural and remote communities in different physiographic regions of Canada, and the effects of ongoing urbanization on escalating disaster risk trends at the community level. Profiles of physical exposure and hazard susceptibility described in this report are accompanied by open-source datasets that can be used to inform local and/or regional assessments of disaster risk, community planning and emergency management activities for all areas in Canada. Study outputs contribute to broader policy goals and objectives of the International Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 2015-2030; Un General Assembly, 2015) and the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (SFDRR 2015-2030; United Nations Office for Disaster Reduction [UNDRR], 2015), of which Canada is a contributing member. These include a more complete understanding of natural hazard risk at all levels of government, and the translation of this knowledge into actionable strategies that are effective in reducing intrinsic vulnerabilities of the built environment and in strengthening the capacity of communities to withstand and recover from future disaster events.
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Kaleagasi, Bartu, Sean McCarthy, and Peter Beaumont. Geospatial Public Policy: Global Best Practices for Harnessing the Potential of Satellite Technologies and Applications. Inter-American Development Bank, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004484.

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This publication presents six case studies of public policies that promote the development and use of geospatial technologies and applications, which can be categorized in five layers: institutions, tools, data, skills and industry. The evolution of these technologies and applications over the past decade has been driven by the understanding that where people and things are located is central to smart decision making. As a result of low-cost launch vehicles, increasing numbers of satellites in orbit, new sensor technologies, machine learning algorithms, advances in cloud computing, and the emergence of other technologies such as drones and high-altitude platforms, the geospatial economy is now expanding into many new geographies and sectors. This expansion calls for the development of innovative applications that benefit government in areas such as agriculture, environment, energy, aviation, maritime, transport, health, education, business, and society.
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Dubey, Manish, Aromar Revi, Deepika Jha, Amlanjyoti Goswami, Kavita Wankhade, and Amir Bazaz. Pathways Towards Future-Ready Indian Cities: Summary of Discussions. Indian Institute for Human Settlements, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.24943/ptfric01.2023.

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The eighth edition of the UPD was held over 29-30 November 2022 at IIHS’ Bengaluru City Campus. The convening explored Pathways towards Futureready Indian Cities. This was in recognition of the key role Indian cities have in realising the country’s ambitious economic, developmental, and environmental goals, the serious legacy and emergent challenges they face, and, therefore, the need for reflection on the development agendas that they need to prioritise and pursue. The focus of discussions was on five themes that will determine the preparedness of Indian cities to power rapid, equitable, and sustainable growth and development: next generation urban governance; improving municipal finances; synergising land governance and real estate regulation; accelerating urban infrastructure and service delivery; and decarbonisation.
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The impact of monetary crisis and natural disasters on women's health and nutrition. Population Council, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy1998.1003.

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This paper analyzes the short-term effects of the monetary crisis and natural disasters in Indonesia on women's health and nutritional status, and activities to monitor and address these problems. The monetary crisis which was announced in January 1998 hit the highest monthly inflation rate of 13 percent in February. Natural disasters that have plagued Indonesia since early 1997, including droughts and forest fires, have been projected to cause famines and an increased likelihood of infant and adult mortality. The economic crisis also directly impacts millions of workforce members threatened by the downsizing of thousands of businesses and factories, in the form of job termination. About 38 percent of the workforce are women. In general, it can be predicted that the high rate of unemployment means a return to poverty, emergence of pockets of slum settlements in cities, an increase in the crime rate, less affordable food in urban areas, famine and scarcity in rural areas, worsening environmental health, epidemics of infectious and noninfectious diseases, cutbacks in public health-care budget and facilities, more school dropout, teenagers entering prostitution, domestic violence, drug abuse, mental illness, and suicide attempts.
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