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Journal articles on the topic 'Finland – Social condition – History'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Ilyukha, Olga P., and Alexandra V. Chebakovskaya. "Illegal Crossings of the Soviet-Finnish Border by Children and Youngsters in the 1920s." Journal of Frontier Studies 8, no. 4 (2023): 95–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.46539/jfs.v8i4.513.

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The study of behavioral practices of children in borderlands intersects two pivotal historical-anthropological research domains: childhood history and border studies. This article delves into unattended border crossings by children in the Karelian region of the Russian-Finnish borderlands during the 1920s. We present the results from an analysis of the two source sets housed in the Republic of Karelia National Archives. These sources comprise formal documents: questionnaire forms completed by teenagers upon their return from Finland and records from interrogations conducted by children’s socia

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2

Häkkinen, Antti. "The Great Famine of the 1860s in Finland: An Important Turning Point or Setback?" Journal of Finnish Studies 21, no. 1-2 (2018): 156–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/28315081.21.1.2.07.

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Abstract In this article, the Finnish Great Famine of the 1860s will be discussed from a number of perspectives. First, using the famine classification developed by Howe and Devereux (2007), it is analyzed at four levels: mortality rate, food supply, coping strategies, and social breakdown. The main finding is that, although the criteria of severe famine conditions were fulfilled in certain parts of the country, at the local level authorities showed competence and the local government organized help in the desperate conditions. Second, the reasons behind the famine will be considered from the

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3

Kinnunen, Marja-Liisa, Jaakko Kaprio, and Lea Pulkkinen. "Allostatic Load of Men and Women in Early Middle Age." Journal of Individual Differences 26, no. 1 (2005): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1614-0001.26.1.20.

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Abstract. The present longitudinal study investigated three aspects of allostatic load, a long-term negative consequence of physical responses to stress: (1) sex differences in allostatic load in early middle age, (2) associations between career stability history and allostatic load, and (3) relationships between allostatic load and health problems. Participants consisted of 62 men and 55 women from the ongoing Jyväskylä Longitudinal Study of Personality and Social Development, Finland. Allostatic load was the sum of eight parameters (dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate, 12-h urinary norepinephrine

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Moshnik, Yu I. "“WHEN I LEAVE HERE AGAIN FOR MY HOMELAND”. REPATRIATION OF INGRIAN FINNS DISPLACED TO FINLAND TO USSR IN 1944–1945 (BASED ON COLLECTION OF LETTERS FROM LENINGRAD REGION STATE ARCHIVE IN VYBORG)." Memoirs of NovSU, no. 6 (2023): 626–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.34680/2411-7951.2023.6(51).626-636.

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A valuable material for studying the history of resettlement in Finland and the subsequent repatriation of the Ingrian Finns during the Second World War is provided by sources of personal origin. In the collection of the Leningrad Region State Archive in Vyborg, there is a collection of letters shedding light on the social and living conditions of the displaced Ingrians, their families and friendships, interaction with the authorities and the Finnish people, their moods and reactions to the events taking place at the front and in international politics. These are letters in Russian and in Finn

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Classon Frangos, Mike, and Anna Nordenstam. "Introduction." European Comic Art 15, no. 1 (2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/eca.2022.150101.

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This special issue of European Comic Art presents articles on the diversity of contemporary feminist comics in the Nordic region. The Nordic countries have seen an explosion in feminist comics and graphic novels since the first decade of the twenty-first century. In Sweden, feminist comics have become commercial successes, winning prestigious prizes, and appearing in exhibitions, Instagram, and other social media. Recently, a new generation of artists has entered the scene with a renewed focus on queer and intersectional issues. This special issue directs attention to feminist comic art throug

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Heikkinen, Eino. "Background, Design, and Methods of the Evergreen Project." Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 6, no. 2 (1998): 106–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/japa.6.2.106.

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This paper provides a detailed description of the experimental design and chronology of the Evergreen Project, the aims of which were to profile the health and functional capacity of the elderly population of Jyväskylä, Finland, to examine changes in health and functional capacity over time, and to identify the factors related to living conditions and lifestyle that predict changes in functional capacity and health. Residents of Jyväskylä were invited to participate in a series of interviews and laboratory testing sessions. The interviews focused on (a) illnesses, the use of drugs, perceived h

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Cavalli, Alessandro, and Roberto Moscati. "Academic Systems and Professional Conditions in Five European Countries." European Review 18, S1 (2010): S35—S53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798709990305.

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Despite the tendency to create a European Higher Education and Research area, academic systems are still quite different across Europe. We selected five countries (Finland, Germany, Italy, Norway and the UK) to investigate how the differences have an impact on a number of aspects of the working conditions of academic staff. One crucial aspect is the growing diversification of professional activity: reduction of tenured and tenure tracked position, the growing number of fixed-term contracts for both teaching and research, including the growing recruitment of academic staff from external profess

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Filijović, Marko, and Dušan Proroković. "SWOT analysis of Russian Arctic strategy: Military aspect." Nacionalni interes 45, no. 2 (2023): 45–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/nint45-44866.

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Climate change has induced global warming, which resulted in the rapid melting of the northern ice CAP in the last decade and a half. In addition to allowing the vast resources stored in the area to eventually become available for exploitation, it also made the northern borders of the Arctic coastal states exposed to potential attack. Aware of this, Russia, the United States of America, Canada, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Iceland and Finland have begun the process of militarization of the region. In this paper, the authors focused on Russia's military activities in the High North, and the SWOT ma

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9

Gavrilova, Kseniia. "A Review of Franz Krause, Thinking Like a River: An Anthropology of Water and Its Uses Along the Kemi River, Northern Finland. Bielefeld: transcript Verlag, 2023, 292 pp." Antropologicheskij forum 20, no. 62 (2024): 385–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.31250/1815-8870-2024-20-62-385-395.

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Thinking Like a River by Franz Krause presents an environmental, economic, and social research on historic development and the current state of the river Kemi of Lapland, Northern Finland. The study builds on research agenda and methodology of environmental history alongside theoretical framework devised by an anthropologist Tim Ingold. The opening ethnographic sections of the book address the settlement process in the region, formation of private economies of the local households, and the role of the river as a space-maker that underlies the toponymic system of the region. The detailed ethnog

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10

PARTONEN, T., S. LEPPÄMÄKI, J. HURME, and J. LÖNNQVIST. "Randomized trial of physical exercise alone or combined with bright light on mood and health-related quality of life." Psychological Medicine 28, no. 6 (1998): 1359–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291798007491.

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Background. So-called atypical depressive symptoms (carbohydrate craving, prolonged sleep, weight gain, increased appetite) frequently emerge in association with low illumination to which people are ordinarily exposed indoors, or even outdoors at extreme latitudes in wintertime. Our objective was to analyse the effect of physical exercise alone or combined with bright light on mood and the health-related quality of life during winter.Methods. We carried out a randomized controlled trial on 120 indoor employees in southern Finland between November and January. The subjects were allocated to sup

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PETRUSHENKO, YURIY, FEDIR ZHURAVKA, IRYNA MAREKHA, and MARIYA NOVGORODCEVA. "INTERNATIONAL TOURISM DEVELOPMENT FACTORS." Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University 294, no. 3 (2021): 203–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5740-2021-294-3-32.

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In the article, the authors analyze the scope of international tourism development factors based on factological and statistical grounds. It was proven in the article that on the macro-level tourist markets can be grouped into national and oversea ones. The classification of the national markets implies their division into highly-intensive markets (USA, Germany, Great Britain, etc.), stabilized markets (Spain, Greece, Turkey, Poland, etc.), reformed markets (Bulgaria, Romania, Ukraine, China, etc.), ant accumulated markets (India, Tunis, Egypt, Cuba, etc.). The basic factors affecting the inte

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12

Krasilnikov, Roman L. "Life as an adventure: Perception of other cultures in the autobiographical prose by Vera Andreeva." Imagologiya i komparativistika, no. 23 (2025): 312–29. https://doi.org/10.17223/24099554/23/15.

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The article discusses the problems of cultural adaptation reflected in the autobiographical prose by Vera Andreeva, the daughter of the writer Leonid Andreev. The material for the study was her books The House on the Black River (1974) and Echo of the Past (1986). In connection with the emigration of the family, the writer visited Finland, Germany, Italy, Czechoslovakia, and France. The House on the Black River describes Andreeva’s childhood memories, including indirect contacts with other cultures through reading, education, foreign language learning, as well as a direct encounter with Finnis

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Valkola, Jarmo. "Slowly Moving Bodies: Signs of Pictorialism in Aki Kaurismäki’s Films." Baltic Screen Media Review 3, no. 1 (2015): 44–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bsmr-2015-0023.

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Abstract Aki Kaurismäki is arguably the best-known Finnish filmmaker, owing largely to his feature films such as Crime and Punishment (Rikos ja rangaistus, Finland, 1983), Calamari Union (Finland, 1985), Shadows in Paradise (Varjoja paratiisissa, Finland, 1986), Hamlet Goes Business (Hamlet liikemaailmassa, Finland, 1987), Ariel (Finland, 1988), The Match Factory Girl (Tulitikkutehtaan tyttö, Finland, 1990), I Hired a Contract Killer (Finland/ Sweden, 1990), La vie de bohéme (Finland/France/ Sweden/Germany, 1992), Take Care of Your Scarf, Tatiana (Pidä huivista kiinni, Tatjana, Finland/Germany

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Sorvari, Jouni. "Social wasp (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) beer trapping in Finland 2008-2012: a German surprise." Entomologica Fennica 24, no. 3 (2013): 156–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.33338/ef.8983.

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Beer trapping has been carried out annually in the summer in south western Finland (Turku) from 2008 to 2012 inclusive. In 2012, an additional trapping programme was conducted in southern (Helsinki), central (Kuopio) and northern (Kevo) Finland, which also included another trapping location in the south western (Turku) region. The traps were always presented for seven days in each location. While the median wasp Dolichovespula media (Retzius, 1783) was present in all locations, the common wasp Vespula vulgaris Linnaeus, 1758 was found in five out of six locations (20 traps per site). The Kevo

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15

Ekholm, Laura, Simo Muir, and Oula Silvennoinen. "Linguistic, cultural and history-related studies on Jews in Finland: a look into the scholarship in the twenty-first century." Nordisk Judaistik/Scandinavian Jewish Studies 27, no. 1 (2016): 43–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.30752/nj.67605.

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There has been a significant growth in volume and disciplines working on Jewish history and culture in Finland for the past fifteen years, yet no systematic overview of scholarly efforts have been available. This article aims to fill this gap. Our focus is on the disciplines of linguistics, cultural studies and history. Our overview covers monographs and articles that have appeared in academic publications since 2000, with a focus on Finland. Consequently we have left out Finnish research on Jews in other parts of the globe from our review. About half of the works introduced in this article ha

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Jensen-Eriksen, Niklas. "Yrityshistoria ja kasvuyrittäjyys." Annales Academiae Scientiarum Fennicae, no. 1 (May 30, 2023): 76–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.57048/aasf.130114.

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In recent years, there has been lively discussion in Finland on why the country does not have more young and fast-growing companies. These debates usually lack historical perspective. Entrepreneurship has always existed in Finland. Yet, the operational environment, values, gender roles and social structures have had an impact throughout history on who is willing and able to establish a company. These factors also influence the ability and willingness of new companies to grow. History can provide us with insights into why the Finnish economy has certain weaknesses, for example a lack of economi

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17

Mäkelä, J. T., and M. Niskasaari. "Stoma Care Problems after Stoma Surgery in Northern Finland." Scandinavian Journal of Surgery 95, no. 1 (2006): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/145749690609500105.

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Background and Aims: Stoma-related complications and problems in stoma care are common after gastrointestinal surgery requiring the construction of a stoma. The frequency and types of such complications and problems were evaluated in a patient cohort operated on in Oulu University Hospital. Material and Methods: A detailed questionnaire concerning clinical problems and stoma care was mailed to 163 stoma patients operated on during the years from 1995 to 2001 in Oulu University Hospital. One hundred and nineteen patients (70 percent) answered the questions adequately. The clinical variables con

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18

Modeen, T. "The Lapps in Finland." International Journal of Cultural Property 8, no. 1 (1999): 133–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0940739199770645.

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The Lapps of Scandinavia constitute a small indigenous ethnic community divided between four states: Norway, Sweden, Finland and Russia. The Lapps used to depend on reindeer farming and lacked their own schools. Because of their low social status and the lack of governmental understanding for their cultural needs, most of the Finnish Lapps had been assimilated with the majority population. Only in recent years an effort has been made by the government to encourage the preservation of the Lapp language and the Lapp civilization. A Lapp parliament has been created and the Lapp Language Act makes

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Marila, Marko Mikael. "Rocky Legacies of Finnish Anti-Uranium Mining Social Movements." Lähihistoria 3, no. 2 (2024): 32–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.61559/lh.145345.

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When international mining companies rushed to prospect for uranium in Finland in the early 2000s, localised anti-uranium mining social movements formed in different parts of the country. Among the activists was Finnish artist Pessi Manner whose rock carvings remain the social movements’ most enduring legacies. In this article, I discuss the history of uranium prospecting and anti-uranium activism in Finland, analyse Manner’s interventions as examples of atomic rock art, and argue that, in using rock as his art medium, Manner was able to elicit an affective connection between feeling bodies and

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20

Moring, Beatrice. "Marriage and social change in south-western Finland, 1700–1870." Continuity and Change 11, no. 1 (1996): 91–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0268416000003106.

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Cet article traite du mariage, du ménage, de la mobilité sociale et des modèles migratoires sur la côte et dans les îles du sud-ouest de la Finlande. Au XVIIe siècle, la famille souche était prédominante dans la population rurale: c'était la conséquence du système d'héritage et des nécessités de l'economie paysanne. Mais, avec le XVIIIe siècle, les unions neo-locales (autrement dit la résidence indépendante du jeune couple) se multiplièrent, l'âge moyen au mariage des cultivateurs augmenta alors que celui des non-cultivateurs diminuait. Ces changements résultent à la fois de l'affaiblissement

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21

Roikonen, Petri, and Antti Häkkinen. "Generations, social homogamy and stratification in Finland, 1700–1910." History of the Family 24, no. 1 (2018): 67–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1081602x.2018.1500295.

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Paaskoski, Leena. "Towards a Better Life: Family Capital and Upward Social Mobility Among Finnish Forestry Employees in the Extended 1950s." Journal of Finnish Studies 16, no. 2 (2013): 66–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/28315081.16.2.06.

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Abstract The article focuses on the questions of the vocational choice, education, and occupation of forestry employees in post-WWII Finland. Extensive oral history material and biographical interviews with Finnish forestry officers and foresters illuminate the concepts of family capital and upward social mobility at the individual, everyday level. In Finland, occupations in forestry are often inherited. The sons of forestry employees profit from family capital as they become forestry employees themselves, and there are many so-called “forestry families” in Finland. Because the situation in Fi

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23

Peltonen, Matti. "Righteousness or the right to drink? The debate on the ration book in Sweden and Finland during the 1950s." Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 18, no. 4 (2001): 359–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/145507250101800410.

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Sweden and Finland reviewed their alcohol control policies in the 1950s at more or less the same time. Sweden abolished its ration book system and lifted restrictions on the sale of medium strength beer, Finland in turn revised its mechanisms for controlling the purchase of alcohol, a version of the Bratt system. In Sweden, alcohol consumption increased sharply and the number of drunkenness offences doubled. In Finland, by contrast, nothing happened. Why? History provides one possible source of explanation. The Swedish version of the Bratt system was much stricter (with monthly rations allocat

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Tourunen, Jouni, Antti Weckroth, and Teemu Kaskela. "Prison-based drug treatment in Finland: History, shifts in policy making and current status." Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 29, no. 6 (2012): 575–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10199-012-0048-1.

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Aim The article outlines, at the level of political discourse, changes in drug and criminal policy that may have influenced the penal system as a backdrop to the rise of prison-based drug treatment programmes (PBDT) in Finland. Methods and Data Our perspective is historical. The article is based on historical and political documents, scholarly research and white papers. Results The history of PBDT in Finland is characterised by an absence of drug treatment programmes until the 1980s, first initiatives at the end of the 1980s, enthusiastic programme development from the mid-1990s, and decreasin

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Hakobyan, Shushanik. "TEACHER TRAINING SYSTEM IN FINLAND." JOURNAL FOR ARMENIAN STUDIES 3, no. 66 (2025): 363–77. https://doi.org/10.24234/journalforarmenianstudies.v3i66.142.

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The article generally describes the teacher training system in Finland, a brief history of its formation, presents the teacher training policy, approaches, traditions of the European education system in general and the Finnish education system in particular. It substantiates Finland's successes in the field of education with statistical data, presents the history of teacher training, lists the educational institutions where teachers are trained and trained, compares the approaches to the problem of teacher training in developed European countries and Finland, in particular the principles of te

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Peltola, Jarmo. "The British contribution to the birth of the Finnish cotton industry (1820–1870)." Continuity and Change 34, no. 01 (2019): 63–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0268416019000080.

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AbstractFinland urbanised and industrialised slowly. In 1820 Tampere was a tiny inland town in the Autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland, with fewer than 1,000 inhabitants. Although Finland was a latecomer to industrialisation, Tampere took the path of many other small towns in Europe. It grew around a relatively fast-growing cotton mill with the help of foreign, mainly British know-how. In this article I give an analysis of the policies and networks that made Finnish industrialisation possible from 1820 onwards, and of the roles the British industrialists, technicians and cotton industry speciali

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Pajari, Ilona. "Coffins in Finland: the history of production, design and attitudes." Mortality 23, no. 3 (2017): 279–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13576275.2017.1417247.

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Velikaya, Ol'ga. "Normative regulation of criminal liability and imprisonment of minors in Finland." Legal Science and Practice: Journal of Nizhny Novgorod Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, no. 1 (April 27, 2023): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.36511/2078-5356-2023-1-83-88.

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The article deals with issues related to the legal regulation of criminal liability and imprisonment of minors in Finland, both on the basis of the domestic legislation of this state and international legal acts. The main regulatory and legal stages of the formation of the phenomenon under study in the history and legislation of Finland are outlined, including on the basis of the evolution of the Criminal Code of 1889, the penitentiary and social systems of this country.

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Pitkänen, Kari J. "Contraception in Late Nineteenth-and Early Twentieth-Century Finland." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 34, no. 2 (2003): 187–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/002219503322649471.

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Finland's fertility decline started in the 1880s among educated people, and in the 1910s among the masses. By the late 1930s, fertility had started to decline even at the most remote areas. Various documents, such as newspapers, magazines, pamphlets, and ethnographic collections, show that although mechanical, quasimodern contraceptives were widely sold and actively marketed in Finland by the early twentieth century, they were mostly used by the upper social segments of the population, and, to some extent, by the working classes of the urban and industrial centers. The primary methods of birth

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Silvonen, Viliina, and Kati Kallio. "Tradition and ownership." Approaching Religion 13, no. 3 (2023): 40–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.30664/ar.131229.

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A new dispute about the ownership of Karelian laments emerged in Finland in 2021. The severely endangered Karelian language is the closest relative of Finnish. Karelian laments were brought into new Finnish contexts during the late twentieth century by Finnish individuals with Karelian roots, with an aim of making the Karelian lament tradition usable also for people not of Karelian descent. Recently, Karelian activists in Finland have strongly criticized the Finnish uses of laments. This relates to wider discussions about minority rights and the status of the Karelian language in Finland. Usin

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Rogers, John. "Nordic Family History: Themes and Issues, Old and New." Journal of Family History 18, no. 4 (1993): 291–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/036319909301800402.

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Using a collection of conference papers published in 1978 as a point of departure, the article reviews developments in family history research in Finland, Sweden, Norway, Denmark and Iceland during the past two-and-a-half decades. Included are those works which either treat the family or household as the object of study or use the family or household to study social, economic, and demographic change. Methodological developments as well as such topics as marriage and the formation of families, illegitimacy, social legislation, family relationships, family planning, and household size and struct

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Liu, Fang, and Qi Wu. "Development of Welfare State under Automation Control." Applied Mechanics and Materials 329 (June 2013): 467–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.329.467.

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This article has embedded welfare triangle paradigm in empirical research by social exclusion and social policy. Starting from the situation in Sweden and Finland, it has analyzed the convergence and the differences in paradigm content. At the same time, by using the social research to quantitative analysis the data, it has drawn the economic recession and recovery. Based on the above analysis, it is necessary to build a welfare system that in line with the national condition, to select a long-term welfare system mechanism, and to constantly improve the prototype of the welfare system that has

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Kaihovirta, Matias. "Maintaining paternalism, retaining patriarchy: Gender and class in a Finnish industrial company, 1880–1980." management revue 31, no. 4 (2020): 402–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0935-9915-2020-4-402.

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This article examines industrial paternalism in Finland throughout a century, from the 1880s to the 1980s, and coincides with the rise and decline of industrial society in the history of Western capitalism. The focus of the article is on social relationships between management and employees in an ironworks in Billnäs, located in south-western Finland, and how it developed and changed during the studied time period. Applying a microscopic historical analysis, this article looks at universal phenomenon, namely concerning social relations and gender in the world of industrial paternalism in concr

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Lintunen, Tiina, and Kimmo Elo. "Networks of Revolutionary Workers: Socialist Red Women in Finland in 1918." International Review of Social History 64, no. 2 (2019): 279–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859019000336.

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AbstractRevolutions need people. How do these people connect with each other, and how can the revolutionary message pass from one person to another? This article aims to answer these questions by examining the revolutionaries who participated in the Finnish Civil War on the rebellious Red side in 1918. We have chosen Red women from a particular district in Finland in order to analyse their connections and the networks created by membership of the labour movement, place of residence, and kinship. In order to see the layers of those connections, we utilize historical social network analysis root

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Savolainen, Ulla. "Tellability, frame and silence." Narrative Inquiry 27, no. 1 (2017): 24–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ni.27.1.02sav.

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Abstract On the basis of the September 1944 Moscow Armistice agreement between Finland, the Soviet Union and the UK, the Finnish government was obliged to intern German and Hungarian citizens in Finland. Applying the concepts of “tellability” and “frame”, I examine how individuals (most of them children of German fathers and Finnish mothers) who were interned as minors and young people in Finland in 1944–1946 describe silence and the rupture of silence. In order to understand the interaction and dynamics between individuals’ remembering and public memory, I analyze oral history interviews of e

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Arminen, Elina. "Nature, Culture, and the Ideologies of Progress in Anni Kytömäki’s Novel Margarita." Studia Scandinavica 28, no. 8 (2024): 132–46. https://doi.org/10.26881/ss.2024.28.08.

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The article explores the human-nature relationship in Anni Kytömäki’s novel Margaritain the context of social change in Post-War Finland of the 1950s. In her oeuvre, Kytömäki hasdepicted the history of the modernization of Finnish society especially from the point of viewof nature. Both themes, the reconstruction period and the need for the protection of nature, arepopular in Finnish literature, but rarely combined. The analysis shows that the novel brings criticalperspectives to the mainstream history of Post-War Finland by juxtaposing the ideologies thatinfluenced family planning in the 1950

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Ainamo, Antti, Janne Tienari, and Eero Vaara. "Between West and East: A social history of business journalism in Cold War Finland." Human Relations 59, no. 5 (2006): 611–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018726706066550.

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Luhtakallio, Eeva, and Iddo Tavory. "Patterns of engagement: identities and social movement organizations in Finland and Malawi." Theory and Society 47, no. 2 (2018): 151–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11186-018-9314-x.

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Gómez González, Francisco Javier, Aikaterini Sotiropoulou, Natalia Marzia Gusmerotti, Elina Pöllänen, and Argyrios Loukopoulos. "Uniqueness of the Training Needs of Social Enterprise Professionals: Analysis in the European Context." Sustainability 17, no. 13 (2025): 5845. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17135845.

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This paper analyses the perceived training needs of managers and technicians in social enterprises, as well as the factors that condition this perception. The analysis is based on qualitative and quantitative research carried out with managers and technicians of social enterprises in Finland, Italy, Greece, and Spain. The results show that the different attitudes towards the uniqueness of social enterprises are a fundamental determining factor in explaining the perception of training needs and the tensions generated by the dual mission of this type of organisation. Interviews and surveys have

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Leinonen, Johanna. "“Money Is Not Everything and That’s the Bottom Line”." Social Science History 36, no. 2 (2012): 243–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200011780.

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This article highlights and fills gaps in research on migrant elites, traditionally defined as highly educated or professional migrants. The research on elite migrants has often suffered from methodological individualism: elite migrants are depicted as male professionals who shuttle from one work assignment or country to another, unrestricted by family relationships or national borders. My research shows the important role of marriage and family ties in life decisions of elite migrants, who in migration statistics and scholarly discussions appear merely as professionals, highly educated person

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Drobyshevskya, T. A. "The Role of the Knowledge- Producing Sector in the Innovation Economy." MGIMO Review of International Relations, no. 4(25) (August 28, 2012): 184–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2012-4-25-184-189.

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The article is dedicated to the role of the knowledge-producing sector for the development of innovation economy in Finland. History and structure of the Finnish innovation system, as well as main characters of knowledge-producing sector as a part of the system are in the center of investigation. The author comes to the conclusion that it was the social state model in Finland that made it possible to create the knowledge-producing sector able either to keep a high quality of education of all levels or to maintain a culture of networking diffusion of knowledge and innovation.

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MORING, BEATRICE. "Gender, class and lodging in urban Finland around 1900." Continuity and Change 31, no. 1 (2016): 47–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0268416016000102.

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ABSTRACTThe popular image, if any, related to lodging in industrial and urban society is one of young male lodgers and female landladies. The aim of this article is to discuss the identity of lodgers and landlords/ladies in gender, age and social perspective. Can we find evidence for proximity in origin, gender and social class between those who looked for and those who provided lodgings? While the middle classes saw lodging as a social evil, were their fears of moral and hygienic degradation realistic? Was keeping lodgers a way of fleecing vulnerable migrants and forcing them into a life of s

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Kallioinen, Mika. "The burgesses of Finland as an estate—An example of the social organization of medieval society." Scandinavian Journal of History 21, no. 3 (1996): 183–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03468759608579324.

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Chechikova, Yulia S. "Finnish Libraries: From Agrikola Times to the Present Day." Bibliotekovedenie [Russian Journal of Library Science], no. 6 (December 2, 2009): 80–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.25281/0869-608x-2009-0-6-80-85.

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The present paper considers the history of Finnish public libraries, the situation and circumstances of the first experiences in this area like readers` associations. The author shows the political and social tendencies in the country which had the largest influence on the formation of principles of libraries` activities. Much attention is given by the author to the history of foundation and current activities of the National Library of Finland.

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Ervasti, Kaijus. "Barnamordsärenden i Finland på 1800-talet." Nordisk Tidsskrift for Kriminalvidenskab 84, no. 2 (1997): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/ntfk.v84i2.137435.

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The article is relating to the history of law and deals with infanticides in Finland in the 19th century based on statistics and trial records. Special attention has been paid to the facts; what kind of evidence convicted the women, and how did they try to defend themselves in the courts. Resource material used in this article are the infanticide cases of the years 1820, 1840, 1860 and 1880 which have been tried by the Justice Department of the Senate (Supreme Court).

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Myllykangas, Mikko, and Katariina Parhi. "The History of Psychiatric Epidemiology in Finland: From National Needs to International Arenas, 1900s–1990s." Bulletin of the History of Medicine 97, no. 2 (2023): 321–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2023.a905733.

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summary: Psychiatric epidemiology has significantly influenced public health policies all around the world. This article discusses how Finnish epidemiologists reacted to local needs, which were born in specific circumstances and were controlled by science policy and funding opportunities. The development between the 1900s and 1990s is divided into three stages. The first Finnish studies in the field focused on the prevalence of mental illnesses in the country. The focus was to gain information for service planning, most of all to estimate the need for new hospitals and to set up the national s

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Kallioinen, Mika. "The rise of the land market in medieval south-west Finland." Continuity and Change 33, no. 2 (2018): 153–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0268416018000139.

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AbstractThis article aims to explain how the market for land functioned in medieval south-west Finland. The data show that in medieval times land was increasingly treated as something to be transferred in return for ready money, albeit within the limits set by the interests of the family. The land market was open to large segments of society, suggesting that barriers to entry were low. It was characterised by strong vertical integration, although asymmetric, as the majority of the transactions took place between participants from different social groups. The article will also consider the high

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Shamakhov, Vladimir, and Nikolay Mezhevich. "Development trends in global economy as a prerequisite for changes in labor market." Administrative Consulting, no. 5 (June 7, 2019): 9–17. https://doi.org/10.22394/1726-1139-2019-5-9-17.

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The efficiency of the Russian and global economy depends on a set of factors. Deepening of economic and social differentiation emergence and growth of the prekariat becomes the problem uniting all from India to Finland and from Russia to the United States. The problem is complicated by the fact that the labor productivity on a global scale falls, similarly the concept of labor productivity is washed away. Studying foreign the practician connected with prekariaty, is a necessary condition of control over this phenomenon in Russia.

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Mauranen, Tapani. "Review of research in economic and social history in Finland in the 1970s and 1980s." Scandinavian Economic History Review 36, no. 3 (1988): 23–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03585522.1988.10408125.

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Lobkov, Aleksandr E. "Letters of William Rockwell Thrall and William Lynn McMillen as a Source for Studying the Participation of American Doctors in the Crimean War." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History 68, no. 2 (2023): 454–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2023.209.

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The service of American doctors in the Russian army during the Crimean war is one of the most interesting pages in the history of Russian-American relations. In 1854–1855, about 40 American physicians joined the Russian army. In general, more is known about American doctors in the Crimean theatre of military operations. However, American doctors were also present on the northern front in the Baltic area, particularly, in the Russian army in Finland. Four Americans — Drs Thrall, McMillen, Leas, and Smyser — served in Tavastehus temporary military hospital. In Russian and foreign historiography,

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