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OGLIARI, MATTEO. "Financial reporting: international convergence." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/77521.
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Yström, Annika. "Financial reporting in entrepreneurial SMEs : in search of significant areas of financial reporting information." Licentiate thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Redovisning och finansiering, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-14680.
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This study sets out from the contemporary discussion on the need of separate financial reporting standards for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and focuses on financial reporting information needs in the context of entrepreneurial and growth-oriented SMEs. The main purpose of the study is to sort out areas of financial reporting information that are likely to be of significance tomanagers of entrepreneurial SMEs in their provision of information to users. In order to fulfill this purpose data has been collected in several sequential steps where the results of each step have provided with significant input and structure to the carrying through of the following step/s. The first step consists of a literature study of previous empirical studies about accounting information in entrepreneurial contexts. In the second step, interviews have been conducted with accounting experts engaged in the current discussion on the development of accounting standards for SMEs. The third and fourth step consists ofdocument studies of comment letters to the Swedish standard setter Bokföringsnämnden’s (BFN) two drafts of the accounting standard Financial reporting in small companies (K2) and IASB’s Esposure draft of an IFRS for SMEs. According to the study results the continuous high demand for financial capitalis a great challenge to managers of entrepreneurial SMEs in their efforts to make their entities develop and grow. In this context, financial reports make up an important tool mainly for informing external capital providers, among which bankers are considered to hold a prominent position. The high demand for financial capital also makes risk capitalists and other external owners more important as financiers of entrepreneurial SMEs than what is the case in SMEs in general. Other important users of entrepreneurial SMEs’ financial reports are customers, suppliers, employees, potential acquirers and management. One of the areas of financial reporting information that have been sorted out in this study as likely to be of significance to managers of entrepreneurial SMEs in their provision of information to users is cash flow. Information on cash flow is likely to be significant in the entrepreneurial context not at least since the development of entrepreneurial activities puts a lot of pressure on managers to secure the continuous inflow of cash. The extent to which capital providers make use of cash flow information provides with further argument for its importance in the entrepreneurial context. Also, entrepreneurial entities tend to rely on intangible assets to a high extent, and these assets are in general not sufficiently reflected in the balance sheets. Cash flow provides in this respect straightforward and reliable complementary information that is important when assessing the prospects of the business. Besides information on cash flow, information on intangible assets is according to the results of this study likely to be significant in an entrepreneurial context. The possibility to capitalize expenses for intangible investments is crucial not at least to avoid the legal consequences of bankruptcy law, which may be critical to the very survival of development-intensive entrepreneurial SMEs. The importance of innovation as a central part of the entrepreneurial process also makes financial reporting information on intangibles highly relevant from an informational perspective. In addition, financial ratios in general, and financial ratios measuring various aspects of growth - i.e. growth ratios - in specific, have been sorted out as likely to be of specific importance to include in the financial reports of entrepreneurial SMEs. Besides disclosure of additional information on individual intangible assets, additional disclosure of information related to the collective earning capacity of ongoing projects - including the business concept of the reporting entity - has also been identified as significant in the entrepreneurial context.
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Thompson, Andrew. "Financial reporting by superannualtion plans /." Title page, contents and introduction only, 1987. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09EC/09ect468.pdf.
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Wagner, Simon. "Financial reporting by European foundations." Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/9853.
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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Finance from the NOVA – School of Business and EconomicsDespite a significant increase in importance of the third sector in Europe, only little data is available of non-profit institutions like foundations and specifically their financial reporting. Therefore, this research analyzes the financial reporting by European foundations and draws conclusions concerning their approach in respective legal frameworks. Accounting standards and practices currently in use are compared and possible characteristics, relationships and patterns are investigated. The conclusion of this analysis confirms the lack of comparability, harmonization and standardization amongst European foundations. Existing reporting standards as well as legal frameworks differ within each country, making a comparison among European foundations very difficult.
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Barrieault, Robert C., and Douglas O. Moses. "Financial accounting concepts and DoN/DoD financial reporting practice." Thesis, Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/24170.
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Piechocki, Maciej. "XBRL financial reporting supply chain architecture." Doctoral thesis, Technische Universitaet Bergakademie Freiberg Universitaetsbibliothek "Georgius Agricola", 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:105-1885266.
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Recently the Internet with XML technologies and especially XBRL technology has impacted what is recognised as the financial reporting supply chain. Some claims in the market report that XBRL has the potential to reduce inefficiencies, automate and optimise the financial reporting supply chain. Nevertheless the real nature of the impact still remains unclear. The growing number of XBRL projects around the world together with strong interest from bodies such as the SEC in the United States, CEBS in the European Union and the IASB building XBRL taxonomies demonstrate the need for research in the area of XBRL application in the context of financial accounting and accounting information systems as well as in the financial reporting supply chain context. In order to answer the demand on the research in this area this research addresses financial reporting supply chain on the basis of financial accounting literature. With the introduction of information systems for enterprises, financial reporting was often discussed as a part of the AIS literature. Nevertheless the supply chain character and information systems context of financial reporting are rarely considered in the research literature in any theoretically constituent manner. This study examines the impact of XBRL on the financial reporting supply chain architecture. First goal of this thesis is to properly state and set the boundaries of financial reporting supply chain. In order to realise the goal modelling of financial reporting domain as financial reporting supply chain architecture is conducted. The second goal is to critically assess impact of XBRL on the modelled financial reporting supply chain architecture components. This assessment is conducted by enhancing financial reporting supply chain architecture with XBRL components thus modelling XBRL financial reporting supply chain architecture. The secondary goal of the assessment is the construction of the reference model of XBRL financial reporting supply chain architecture.
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Baxter, Peter J. "Audit committees and financial reporting quality." University of Southern Queensland, Faculty of Business, 2007. http://eprints.usq.edu.au/archive/00003632/.
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[Abstract]:This research investigated whether the formation of audit committees and their characteristics are associated with improved financial reporting quality. Modified versions of the models developed by Jones (1991) and Dechow and Dichev (2002) provided three measures of earnings quality, which were used to proxy for financial reporting quality. The audit committee characteristics investigated were: independence, expertise, activity, size and tenure.Several contributions to knowledge are made by this research. First, this research examined the association between audit committee formation and financial reporting quality. This could not be done in many of the prior studies that used data on companies in the United States (Klein 2002a; Xie, Davidson and DaDalt 2003a; Bedard, Chtourou and Courteau 2004; Vafeas 2005; Yang and Krishnan 2005; Dhaliwal, Naiker and Navissi 2006), where audit committees have been mandatory for companies listed on the New York Stock Exchange since 1978. A large number of public and private sector groups have recommended mandatory audit committee establishment for all Australian listed companies. However, there has been a lack of empirical support for these recommendations and this research provides evidence regarding this association.Second, audit committees are more heavily regulated in the United States than Australia. Given the relative lack of audit committee regulation for Australian companies, Australia represented a richer empirical setting for the examination of the association between audit committee characteristics and financial reporting quality. The use of Australian company data for the selected time period, avoided the confounding effect of regulation on this association.Third, this research used both a modified version of the traditional Jones (1991) discretionary accruals model and the more recently developed accrual estimation error model from Dechow and Dichev (2002) to estimate proxies for financial reporting quality. Most of the prior studies predominantly used the Jones (1991) model, which has been subject to criticism in the literature. Therefore, the use of multiple models provides more powerful tests of the association between audit committees and financial reporting quality. Finally, this research included changes tests in addition to cross-sectional tests to reduce the likelihood of problems with omitted variables.Several conclusions can be drawn from the results. First, there was some evidence that earnings quality measured using the modified Jones (1991) model significantly reduced in the year following audit committee formation, thus providing some support for the notion that the formation of audit committees improves financial reporting quality. However, a comparison of these results with those of tests using earnings quality measures based on Dechow and Dichev (2002) indicates that audit committees appear more effective at reducing opportunistic earnings management, rather than total accrual estimation errors. Second, there was little evidence of a significant association between the characteristics of audit committees and improved financial reporting quality. Consequently, it can be suggested that, once audit committees are established, variations in their characteristics do not significantly affect financial reporting quality.These conclusions provide support for the mandatory audit committee requirement under the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) listing rules, which became effective from 1 January 2003. However, there are doubts over the usefulness of several aspects of the ASX Corporate Governance Council's recommendations concerning the composition and size of audit committees.
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Afanasieva, Inna Ivanovna, and Anastasia Nikolaevna Kovalenko. "Non-financial reporting: essence and purpose." Thesis, National Aviation University, 2021. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/53720.
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1. I.I. Afanasyeva. Implementation of the provisions of EU directives in Ukraine. Bulletin of the Volodymyr Dahl East Ukrainian National University, № 3 (233), 2017. P. 9-12. URL: http://www.irbis-nbuv.gov.ua/cgi-
bin/irbis_nbuv/cgiirbis_64.exe?I21DBN=LINK&P21DBN=UJRN&Z21ID=&S21REF=10&S21CNR =20&S21STN=1&S21FMT=ASP_meta&C21COM=S&2_S21P03=FILA=&2_S21STR=VSUNU_2017_3_3
2. H. F. Agaverdiyeva. Non-financial reporting as a tool for regulating social responsibility. Economics, management, law: realities and prospects. 2016. №2. Pp. 54-57.
3. A.A. Annaev. The essence, standards and process of preparation of non-financial statements.
4. A.V. Blakita, R.S. Polyak. Non-financial reporting as a tool for assessing corporate social responsibility. Scientific Bulletin of Kherson State University. Series: Economic Sciences. 2015. Vip. 15. Ch. 4. S. 126-129.
5. T.V. Botsyan. Using standards for compiling and publishing non-financial statements: the experience of Ukrainian enterprises, 2014. № 2. URL: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/ eui_2014_2_10.
6. O.I. Gritsenko. Trends and problems of formation of integrated reporting by
business entities. A young scientist. 2014. № 2 (05). Pp. 31-34. 7. G.O. Moskalyuk. Non-financial reporting in the implementation of the concept of sustainable development in Ukraine. Accounting and control in the management of economic stability of enterprises in the context of globalization / Ed. VF Maksimova.
Odessa: ONEU, 2014. S. 323-373.The structure of financial statements in accordance with the requirements of EU Directives is considered. The definition and purpose of non-financial reporting are given, the characteristics of positive and negative sides of non-financial reporting are given. The application of a systematic approach to the evaluation of non-financial reporting indicators is substantiated.
Розглянуто структуру фінансових звітів згідно вимог Директив ЄС. Приведено визначення та призначення нефінансової звітності, надано характеристику позитивних та негативних сторін складання не фінансової звітності. Обґрунтовано застосування системного підходу до оцінки показників не фінансової звітності.
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Henke, Trent Stanton. "Opportunistic Financial Reporting in Higher Education." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77587.
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Annual university rankings produced by mainstream sources, such as U.S. News and World Report, are very popular and viewed as important by a variety of university stakeholders. Consequently, universities expend a great deal of effort in an attempt to ensure they appear in the best possible light. One major component of these ranking systems is the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education, which is partly based on the research expenditures reported by the university. This system provides incentives for administrators at institutions of higher education to make strategic accounting choices, with respect to the classification of research expenditures, to improve the prestige of the university. I first measure the amount of accounting discretion within a university's classification of research expenditures and then test whether discretionary research expenditures impact the prestige of a university. Results indicate that discretionary research expenditures are positively associated with university prestige. Specifically, universities within my sample that have positive discretionary research expenditures have an increased probability of subsequently being classified as a Doctoral University with moderate to high research activity by 5% and 7% respectively. In addition, universities within my sample that had positive discretionary research expenditures experienced increases in their ranking of federal funding received relative to other universities by an average of 20.4 positions. These results are consistent with the concept that universities can make certain discretionary accounting choices which can help improve the prestige of the institution with the goal of obtaining additional sources of funding.Ph. D.
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Aziz, Asmah Abdul. "Financial reporting by Scottish local authorities." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2000. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU603192.
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This research examines financial reporting by Scottish local authorities. Two particular aspects have been examined, namely audit lags and audit incidents. 65 local authorities were examined for the period 1989/90 until 1995/96. This period is classified as the pre-reorganisation period. Then the research continued by analysing audit lags and audit incidents for the 32 new postreorganisation local authorities for 1996/97 and 1997/98. The researcher used Luder's (1992) contingency model of public sector accounting innovations as a framework to analyse the stimuli for financial reporting changes in the Scottish local authorities. The effect of audit qualifications appears not to be a strong stimulus for the local authorities to improve financial reporting. The discussion on audit lags was divided into pre-reorganisation and postreorganisation periods. In addition, the ten local authorities in the Grampian and Tayside regional areas were studied for an additional 14 years. The results indicated that there was a persistent pattern among the local authorities in Scotland. The good performers were always good and the poor performers were always poor. Authorities like Angus DC managed to get an audit lag of around 4 months, while some local authorities took more than two years. Thus it is not impossible to get the accounts certified within four months. Audit incidents were classified into two categories, that is Audit Qualifications (AQ) and Comments Short of Audit Qualification (CSAQ). The performance among authorities varies tremendously. While some regional councils obtained very few audit incidents, some have many. Likewise some district councils have many and some have none. Islands appear to have more audit incidents. As proven by some authorities, getting a clean report is not impossible. Therefore it is important for local authorities to emphasise improving the audit lags and improving the quality of the accounts to obtain a clean report every year. Lengthy audit lag reflects inefficiency in management. This not only suggests weak internal control but also indicates that financial reporting is considered as a low priority task. Numerous audit incidents seem to signal that local authorities have not complied with all the rules and regulations. Repeated audit incidents imply that they were not serious in rectifying the situation. Reorganisation appears to disturb the ranking of the councils resulting in much longer audit lags in the last year of the abolished councils and the first two years after reorganisation. Thus, reorganisation contributes to longer audit lags and leads to numerous audit incidents, especially for 'limitation in audit scope'. Undoubtedly, Scottish local authorities should improve their financial reporting and their accountability to the public.
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Miková, Tereza. "IFRS Influence on Financial Reporting Quality." Doctoral thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-201134.
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Dissertation interfaces two current accounting issues: International Financial Reporting Standards and financial reporting quality. Theoretical framework begins with historical development and contemporary position of IFRS. It is followed by financial accounting quality where overview of methods is used for assessment of accounting quality. The literature underpinning represents the final part of theoretical part. Dissertation examines publicly traded Czech companies on Prague stock exchange and together their financial statements are presented under Czech accounting standards and later on switched on International Financial Reporting Standards. Final sample consists of 15 companies (222 firm-year observations) during period 1993-2013. World accepted models were adjusted before its application to be more convenient for Czech environment. Research results show that there are only limited improvements in financial reporting quality in IFRS period, only some companies are models applicable and therefore law and professional environment play significant role within quantitative methods.
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Ghafran, Chaudhry. "Audit committees and financial reporting quality." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/4308/.
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This thesis examines the impact of audit committee characteristics on financial reporting quality in the context of a large sample of UK companies over the period 2007-2010. The notion of financial reporting quality is assessed by looking at the audit quality and earnings quality of the firms. This study utilises the audit fee and non-audit fee ratio as its proxies for audit quality and accruals based earnings management models as its proxies for earnings quality. The findings from the multivariate analysis show that audit committee meetings and financial expertise exert a significant positive impact on audit fees. Investigating expertise further, this study finds no support for the notion that accounting expertise influences audit fees, however a significant positive influence on audit fees is recorded for the non-accounting financial expertise. However, the holding of additional directorships has a significant negative impact on audit fees. This study also finds that audit committee members' financial expertise has a negative and significant impact on non-audit fee ratio suggesting a strong support of members with financial expertise on issues relating to auditor independence. The study also documents that audit committee members serving longer on the boards do not prefer to purchase high amount of non-audit services from the incumbent auditor. This study also records a significant positive impact of the holding of additional directorships on the provision of non-audit fee ratio, thus signifying a profound support for the busyness hypothesis which argues that overstretched directors are not very good monitors of financial reporting quality. Furthermore, this study finds broadly consistent evidence that audit committees meeting three or more times per year and fully independent audit committees exert a significant positive impact on the quality of reported earnings. This study also finds some evidence (depending on the earnings model used) that the level of ownership of audit committee members also exerts a positive impact on the quality of reported earnings, highlighting the fact that audit committee members with an equity stake in their companies are considered more effective in their oversight of the financial reporting process. On the other hand, this study finds evidence that the busyness of audit committee members (busyness defined in terms of the holding of board seats in other companies) has a significant negative impact on the quality of reported earnings. The composite variables (i.e. ACE1, ACE2, ACE3 and ACE4) representing those companies that satisfy all aspects of current best practice in terms of audit committee composition and operation, has a positive impact on the quality of reported earnings. This study covers the period 2007 to 2010 and therefore offers a contemporary analysis of the influence of audit committee characteristics on financial reporting quality. The study is very comprehensive in its scope not only in the selection of audit committee characteristics and methods employed to quantify these characteristics, but also in the use of various proxies developed to capture the true essence of financial reporting quality. The choice of multiple measurement methods both for the dependent and independent variables facilitates a much richer investigation into the relationship between governance and financial reporting quality variables. Therefore this study makes a major contribution to our understanding of the association between the various audit committee characteristics and financial reporting quality in the wake of recently introduced regulatory recommendations. These findings will also have policy implications as regulators around the world continue to define and refine the desired characteristics and behaviour of audit committees. Therefore, the findings of this study will ensure future policy changes regarding audit committees are adequately informed.
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Negangard, Eric Michael. "Preventing Financial Reporting Fraud: A Holistic View of the Attributions Made Following Potential Fraudulent Financial Reporting Events." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/46994.
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Constituents in the judicial process such as jurors and lawyers who often play a critical role in the aftermath of an alleged financial reporting fraud have largely been ignored in the accounting literature. Literature in psychology suggests that both laypeople and highly trained professionals frequently over-attribute causality of an observed behavior to the disposition of the person performing that behavior. In doing so, these individuals underestimate the power of situations and fail to recognize important environmental factors that lead to a particular behavior. Within the context of fraudulent financial reporting, there is little understanding of how jurors and lawyers initially perceive and react to fraudulent behavior. Consequently, it is possible jurors and lawyers who are asked to evaluate the causality of a suspected fraudulent event, are inaccurate in their assessment of the causality of that event.
This study addresses the question of whether or not the various constituents in the judicial process are biased in their attributions when evaluating causal factors related to financial reporting decisions. More specifically, it focuses on how individuals outside the profession of accounting, laymen jurors and corporate lawyers, make attributions when observing decisions related to fraudulent financial reporting, and whether or not these attributions differ from those made by corporate accountants. Further, after identifying differences in attributions, this study attempts to determine the causes of these differences; and whether recent changes in business culture have been effective in curbing financial reporting fraud.
The late 1990s and early 2000s saw a proliferation of high profile financial reporting frauds, and as a result, numerous changes have been made within the regulatory environment governing financial reporting. Many of these changes targeted overall business culture and a commitment to ethical financial reporting. By studying the attributions of corporate accountants we learn about their perceptions of the current environment and better understand their willingness to report something in a manner that would constitute financial reporting fraud.
Evidence demonstrates that laymen, corporate lawyers, and corporate accountants differ in their attributions and that laymen are typically more biased when observing individuals and their financial reporting decisions. Laymen are also shown to lack awareness of recent changes in the financial reporting environment, have unrealistic expectations of the likelihood accountants are willing to intentionally misreport something, and are not as good at identifying appropriate and inappropriate financial reporting behaviors. Results also suggest recent changes in business culture and governance around financial reporting have been effective in convincing corporate accountants that environmental factors should not lead to, and are not a viable excuse for, fraudulent financial reporting.Ph. D.
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Aleraig, Mahmoud Ali M. "Exploring perceptions on financial reporting standards in Islamic financial institutions." Thesis, Durham University, 2015. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/11356/.
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Islamic finance, emerged in modern times, as a religiously or Shari’ah constructed financial method and institution with the objective of providing religio-ethical financial solutions. Due to its different and unique nature, it is considered by that a special accounting system based on Shari’ah that fulfils the particular requests of Islamic finance instruments is required. For this purpose, the Accounting and Auditing Organisation for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI) have been issuing and developing Islamic accounting standards. Nevertheless, those standards are not adopted by most of the Islamic financial institutions (IFIs) that are still reporting with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), which are issued for conventional financial institutions. It is, on the other hand, claimed that IFRS may be irrelevant to the needs of other cultures and people of the world especially for institutions emerged from Islamic worldview, such as Islamic banks and financial institutions due to the nature and working mechanism of these institutions. This study, hence, aims at exploring and critically investigating the main environmental factors influencing the adoption of IFRS to IFIs. This study also aims to investigate empirically the need for special accounting treatments for Islamic financial institutions that is reliable worldview, and in consistent with the values and socioeconomic formation of Muslim society by harmonising or merging with AAOIFI and IFRS. The identified research questions were responded through primary data collected from a survey questionnaire, which, among other things, mainly attempted to explore IFIs in relation to their position as to whether they would prefer to account under IFRS issued by the IASB or under the Financial Accounting Standards or FAS issued by the AAOIFI. This questionnaire, also aimed at exploring the perceptions of the participants regarding accounting practices employed in different Islamic institutions and the issue of considering adopting a particular accounting system that satisfy their needs if it is available. In addition, the questionnaire also aims to investigate the perceptions of the participants on the nature of Islamic finance and whether IFRS is considering its special needs. Furthermore, particular attempt is made to measure the perceptions on rationalising Islamic accounting as a practice and as a paradigm. The study finds that most of the IFIs participated in this study employed IFRS’ as the main accounting system, which resulted in a number of problematic issues in treating Islamic finance transactions and contracts and endogenising other religious elements, such as the prohibition of riba and paying zakat. The findings also indicate that employing IFRS in the IFIs is not applicable within the normative world and the requirements of Islamic finance as aspired by the foundational axioms developed by Islamic moral economy despite the extensive use of it in current times. Therefore, in order to be authentic IFIs require special accounting standards that are different from the IFRSs, such as AAOIFI accounting standards, which may be considered as rationalising the emergence of Islamic accounting as a practice and field, which was the case in history.
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Moretto, Edoardo <1993>. "Financial Reporting and Management Accounting: can Management Accounting provide support and value for a high quality Financial Reporting?" Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/14830.
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In modern financial systems economic-financial information to the market is assuming an essential role in increasing market efficiency and in satisfying the investors's and istitutions's information need. Actually, financial information is the essential foundation of financial market operating mechanism since the role of such communication allows the reinforcement of relations between the enterprises and the financial system, through a faithful representation of business capabilities. It is the internal basic accounting system that keeps track of all the business activities. It is divided into two main specialized branches that share a common information base and process the basic accounting data in order to generate financial statements, reports, analysis or forecasts required by decision makers. Accounting information, which can be divided in two main streams, Financial Accounting (FA) and Management Accounting (MA), serves different purposes and is used by audiences with different needs. This work focuses on the relationship between FA and MA and on how there has been substantial convergence in the last years between these two areas of activities performed by enterprise orgsnizations. Particularly for some international accounting principles, it can be noticed how the accounting information and analysis techniques of MA can be useful or, in some cases, necessary for the purpose of providing informative elements for the correct application of the IFRS:
- IAS 36: Impairment of Assets.
- IFRS 8: Operating segments.
This research allows to observate how, in the financial dislosures relating to IFRS 8 and IAS 36, a good deal of information provided by the above accounting standards has either a forward-looking perspective, making reference to managerial estimations of the future cash flows relating to the assets under evaluation, or a business segment perspective. With financial statements prepared according to applicable accounting standards, the management communicates the firm's financial position and the performance achieved to the market. Market operators recognize that a higher quality financial communication can be pursued through an integration of the different types of report, provided by Financial Accounting, prepared according to International Financial Reporting Standards and based on FA systems, and Managerial Accounting, represented by scientific and statistical methods aimed at supporting decision-making and based on MA systems. This work focuses on relationships and differences between the two types of accounting, FA and MA, by comparing their purposes and their structure as well as analysing the current trend towards a stronger convergence and intergation between them. Notwithstanding this trend, FA and MA differ to each other in several ways. While shareholders, creditors and regulators use publicly reported financial accountancy information, only managers within the organization use the normally confidential MA information. MA is mostly focused on the future and characterized by a stronger presence of prospective information, while FA information are historical and provided on the base of applicable accounting principles. The contemporary digital era provides new means to satisfy different customer needs and to allow new and flexible methods to run business operations through collaboration and networks. On this regard this work contains a section focused on how IT technologies influenced and enabled convergence and integration of FA and MA. The importance of a well structured MA system in order to accomplish a high quality FA information, is of the utmost evidence when IAS 36 and IFRS 8 are taken into consideration. In the last part of the work, a sample of 3 Italian listed companies, Autogrill SpA, Luxottica SpA and Fincantieri SpA is analyzed in order to study the informative quality of their financial statements disclosures in the light of the requirements provided by the above accounting standards.
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Ewers, Robin B. "Enterprise Risk Management in Responsible Financial Reporting." Thesis, Walden University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10637579.
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Despite regulatory guidelines, unreliable financial reporting exists in organizations, creating undue financial risk-harm for their stakeholders. Normal accident theory (NAT) identifies factors in highly complex integrated systems that can have unexpected, undetected, and uncorrected system failures. High-reliability organization (HRO) theory constructs promote reliability in complex, integrated systems prone to NAT factors. Enterprise risk management (ERM) integrates NAT factors and HRO constructs under a holistic framework to achieve organizational goals and mitigate the potential for stakeholder risk-harm. Literature on how HRO constructs promote ERM in responsible integrated financial systems has been limited. The purpose of this qualitative, grounded theory study was to use HRO constructs to identify and define the psychological factors involved in the effective ERM of responsible organizational financial reporting. Standardized, open-ended interviews were used to collect inductive data from a purposeful sample of 13 reporting agents stratifying different positions in organizations that have maintained consistent operational success while attenuating stakeholder risk-harm. The data were interpreted via transcription, and subsequent iterative open, axial, and narrative coding. Results showed that elements of culture and leadership found in the HRO construct of disaster foresightedness and mitigation fostered an internal environment of successful enterprise reporting risk management to ethically achieve organizational goals and abate third-party stakeholder risk-harm. The findings will contribute to positive social change by suggesting an approach for organizations to optimize strategic objectives while minimizing stakeholders’ financial risk-harm.
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Abdalla, Ahmed Mahmoud Ahmed Ahmed. "Special items, financial reporting and equity valuation." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2016. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/special-items-financial-reporting-and-equity-valuation(2254bad6-c5cf-45ce-b8bd-eed65cb60340).html.
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This thesis examines the information content of earnings components conditional on the existence of misclassification of core earnings as transitory earnings in the income statement (often referred to as classification shifting), and how this misclassification is likely to induce a “hidden” core earnings element in reported transitory earnings. The thesis focuses on a major type of the misclassification of earnings line items, namely the transfer of negative core earnings (operating expenses and losses) to negative special items in order to increase net core earnings, while bottom-line earnings remain unaffected. The thesis comprises three empirical essays. In the first essay, we develop a vector autoregression (VAR) of a set of accounting information that includes, in addition to other accounting variables, two components of transitory earnings; a shifted core earnings component and a purified transitory earnings component. The model analysis derives two properties of shifted core earnings. First, shifted core earnings forecast future abnormal earnings similar to core earnings. Second, shifted core earnings provide a “bad news” signal of management incompetence. Using special items as an objective measure of transitory earnings, we develop an innovative approach to decompose special items into core and transitory components. Our empirical results support the former property of shifted core earnings, and show little evidence for the latter one. The model demonstrates how the properties of the transitory earnings components map into stock prices. However, we find empirically that stock prices do not fully reflect the heterogeneity between the two components of transitory earnings, but rather overstate the shifters‟ entire special items, which are mostly income decreasing items, as if they are all shifted core earnings. In the second essay, we investigate the manager‟s incentive to misclassify negative core earnings as negative special items, and the change in the composition of negative special items as a result of the misclassification. We find that large negative special items are increasing with the difference between reported core earnings in the prior period and expected core earnings in the current period. Extremely large negative special items are more likely associated with GAAPviolation rather than allowable discretion within GAAP. We distinguish between two types of misclassification signals, an “informative” signal associated with steady improvements in negative special items predictability and a “noisy” signal associated with a pattern in earnings response coefficients (ERC) that is inconsistent with improvements in negative special items predictability. We propose and find that the measures of negative special items predictability of future earnings go hand-in-hand with the extent of an informative signal based on the difference between reported core earnings in the prior period and expected core earnings in the current period. However, stock prices do not fully impound information in this identified informative signal, and react to a “noisy” reporting signal that is based on the level of earnings before special items in the income statement. In the third essay, we investigate whether analysts fully understand the nature and quality of negative special items when they adjust actual earnings and whether their future earnings forecast incorporates the actual persistence of negative special items components. We identify an alternative direct approach to measure the core and transitory elements of negative special items. We validate our measures by showing that the identified core component is more persistent and has very low asymmetric timeliness relative to the identified transitory component. We expand our decomposition of negative special items further in order to examine the nature of negative special items included in and excluded from street earnings. We find that the analysts‟ inclusion decision reflects analysts‟ expertise in processing information in special items. The analysts‟ treatment of negative special items does not lead to predictable forecast errors, consistent with analysts fully understanding the persistence of negative special items components. This result is robust to partitioning the sample between different disclosure and information environments and adding analysts forecast efficiency controls.
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Abdel-Hamid, Tarek K. "Integrated financial reporting for a small business." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/28298.
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Qi, Wenqing. "Harmonization of Chinese and international financial reporting." Thesis, University of Reading, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.414582.
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Tay, Joanne Siok Wan. "Corporate financial reporting : regulatory systems and comparability." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386247.
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Zhang, Xiu-Ye. "Noncompliance, financial reporting quality and director turnover." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2016. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/79291/.
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In this thesis, I examine the effects of noncompliance with securities laws on financial reporting quality and director turnover. The thesis consists of three main chapters. Chapter 2 introduces the enforcement actions brought by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), based on which I collect data on noncompliance cases. It also describes the data collection process and reports summary statistics for noncompliance cases. It contributes to our understanding of the SEC’s enforcement actions. The dataset is used in examining the effects of noncompliance with regulations on financial reporting quality and director turnover in Chapters 3 and 4, respectively. Chapter 3 investigates the association between noncompliance with securities laws and financial reporting quality. Compliance control and financial reporting quality are two overlapping aspects of control within the integrated internal control framework. I explore the association between compliance control and financial reporting quality by testing whether the rate of financial reporting problems is higher for firms that fail to comply with securities laws. I find that firms not complying with securities laws have significantly higher rates of financial reporting problems than control firms that do not violate securities laws. Furthermore, the results show that the effect is much stronger for accounting frauds than for accounting restatements, and the evidence is more pronounced in the post-noncompliance (with securities laws) windows than in the pre-noncompliance windows. This chapter presents the first empirical examination of the link between the compliance aspect of internal control and financial accounting problems. Chapter 4 investigates director turnover surrounding noncompliance events. While directors are expected to play a disciplining role, the evidence is still limited on this. I examine directors’ reactions to firm misconduct around the time when firms start to violate securities laws. I find, in general, that firms that failed to comply with securities laws (noncompliant firms) have significantly higher director turnover rates around the start of noncompliant than control firms. Noncompliant firms are also more likely to have unexpectedly departing directors around the start of noncompliance. When outside directors are examined separately, significantly higher director turnover is observed only for the pre-noncompliance period and not for the post-noncompliance period. These results suggest that directors are more likely to leave a firm if they perceive wrongdoing, while outside directors tend to leave before they could possibly be involved in the firm’s wrongdoing.
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Morley, Julia. "Sequences of change in financial reporting : the influence of financial economics." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2011. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/176/.
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In this thesis, I analyse the influence of financial economic theory on financial reporting practice. This influence has manifested itself in the increasing use of economic methods introduced into practice by the publication and implementation of certain economics-based accounting standards. I provide three illustrative case studies in the areas of pensions, financial derivatives and contingent liabilities, focusing on projects by the FASB, IASC/B and the ASC/B. To explain the increase in the use of economic methods in financial reporting practice, and their pattern of emergence, I draw on the genealogical and political economy approaches. I supplement these methodologies with a theory of causality by developing a qualitative causal model. This model, which I call the Causal Constellation Model, aims to explain the success of projects to introduce economics-based standards in terms of five individually necessary and jointly sufficient conditions. These conditions relate to the economic environment, the conceptual aims of financial reporting, the legitimacy of economic methods, the absence of institutional opposition and the effectiveness of advocates on the boards of standard setting institutions. The primary sources of evidence for my research are documents published by standard setting institutions, academic research and a number of interviews with high-level individuals, many of whom were directly involved in the development of the standards in question. An unexpected finding is that interactions between different projects appear to generate sequences of change in financial reporting practice, spanning different areas of accounting and different regulatory jurisdictions. Thus, outcomes of earlier projects seem to create possibilities for later projects and shape their outcomes. In spite of the inevitable limitations of such case-study based, qualitative work, the model offers a plausible and apparently robust explanation of the overall pattern of influence of financial economics on the practice of financial reporting.
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Mahieux, Lucas. "Essays in Financial Accounting and Auditing." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU10027/document.
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Cette thèse de doctorat porte sur le reporting financier. L'objectif principal du premier chapitre est de comprendre le rôle de la comptabilité à la juste valeur, en tenant compte de la possibilité pour les banques d'utiliser leur information privée (reporting de niveau 3) pour calculer les justes valeurs. À savoir, j'analyse un modèle de réglementation prudentielle pour faire la lumière sur les incitations des banques à utiliser les rapports de niveau 3. J'introduis des mesures comptables en tant qu'intrants primaires dans les exigences de fonds propres établies par un organisme de réglementation afin de répartir efficacement les droits de contrôle au sein d'une banque et de fournir une discipline de gestion. Mon analyse des externalités de reporting de niveau 3 met en évidence un arbitrage intéressant entre la transparence et la stabilité financière. D'une part, les rapports de niveau 3 réduisent la capacité des parties prenantes d'une banque à extraire des informations des états financiers de banques similaires. D'un autre côté, les rapports de niveau 3 réduisent le risque systémique causé par la comptabilisation à la valeur de marché. En outre, la manipulation rend le signalement de niveau 3 moins souhaitable, ce qui peut à son tour augmenter le risque systémique. Le deuxième chapitre de cette thèse est co-écrit avec Jeremy Bertomeu de l'Université de Californie à San Diego et Haresh Sapra de l'Université de Chicago. Dans ce chapitre, nous abordons la question du système optimal de provisionnement des pertes sur prêts pour les banques. En particulier, nous développons d'abord un cadre pour étudier comment la mesure comptable et la réglementation prudentielle interagissent pour affecter les incitations d'une banque à obtenir un crédit. Notre résultat principal est que le système de mesure comptable et l'effet de levier bancaire sont des outils politiques qui devraient être utilisés en parallèle, générant plus de valeur que les systèmes reposant soit sur la réglementation comptable, soit sur la réglementation prudentielle. Ensuite, nous utilisons nos résultats pour faire la lumière sur le débat actuel sur le modèle approprié de provisionnement des pertes sur prêts pour les banques. Nous montrons que si les banques prennent des risques excessifs dans le cadre d'un modèle de pertes encourues, un modèle de pertes attendues peut entraîner des liquidations excessives. Le troisième chapitre de cette thèse s'éloigne des rapports financiers pour les banques afin de se concentrer sur l'analyse des incitations des auditeurs à fournir une qualité d'audit élevée. En particulier, j'essaie de comprendre l'impact de la fourniture de services autres que d'audit (NAS) sur les incitations des sociétés d'audit, afin de conclure sur la meilleure façon de réguler cette industrie. Je crois qu'une meilleure compréhension des incitations des auditeurs est nécessaire pour concevoir de meilleures réglementations. À cette fin, je développe un cadre qui fournit de nouvelles perspectives sur les effets incitatifs des NAS sur les auditeurs. Je montre qu'il peut être optimal pour les investisseurs d'une entreprise cliente de laisser l'auditeur externe fournir des NAS en raison d'une externalité d'incitation. En effet, la possibilité de fournir des NAS en cas de détection d'anomalies financières augmente les incitations de l'auditeur à exercer un effort d'audit. Cependant, en dépit de cette externalité positive, la fourniture de NAS peut diminuer la qualité perçue de l'audit, ce qui peut à son tour rendre la fourniture de NAS par les auditeurs indésirables. Ainsi, mon analyse révèle un arbitrage intéressant pour les régulateurs entre l'effet d'incitation positif et la diminution de la qualité de l'audit. L'élimination de la restriction actuelle sur les honoraires d'audit conditionnels peut compenser cette baisse ex post de la qualité de l'audit tout en préservant les incitations ex anteThis thesis focuses on financial reporting. The main objective of the first chapter is to understand the role of fair value accounting, taking into account the possibility for banks to use their private information (Level 3 reporting) to compute fair values. Namely, I analyze a model of prudential regulation to shed some light on banks' incentives to use Level 3 reporting. I bring in accounting measures as the primary inputs into capital requirements set by a regulator to efficiently allocate control rights within a bank and to provide managerial discipline. My analysis of the Level 3 reporting externalities highlights an interesting tradeoff between transparency and financial stability. On the one hand, Level 3 reporting reduces the ability for a bank's stakeholders to extract information from financial statements of similar banks. On the other hand, Level 3 reporting decreases systemic risk caused by mark-to-market accounting. Further, manipulation makes Level 3 reporting less desirable, which may in turn increase systemic risk. I believe that the framework of this chapter offers other opportunities to study the real-effects of fair value accounting that have not yet been explored. The second chapter of this thesis is co-authored with Jeremy Bertomeu of the University of California San Diego and Haresh Sapra of the University of Chicago. In this chapter, we tackle the question of the optimal loan loss provisioning system for banks. In particular, we develop first a framework to study how accounting measurement and prudential regulation interact to affect a bank's incentives to originate credit. Our main result is that the accounting measurement system and bank leverage are policy tools that should be used in tandem, generating more value than systems that rely either on accounting regulation or on prudential regulation. Then, we use our results to shed some light on the current debate on the appropriate loan loss provisioning model for banks. We show that while banks engage in excessive risk-taking under an incurred loss model, an expected loss model can lead to excessive liquidations. The third chapter of this thesis moves away from financial reporting for banks to focus on the analysis of auditors' incentives to deliver high audit quality. In particular, I try to understand the impact of the provision of non-audit services (NAS) on audit firms' incentives, in order to conclude on the best way to regulate this industry. I believe that a better understanding of auditors' incentives is necessary to design better regulations. To that end, I develop a framework that provides new insights into the incentive effects of NAS on auditors. I show that it can be optimal for the investors of a client firm to let the external auditor provide NAS because of an incentive externality. Indeed, the possibility of providing NAS contingent on detecting financial misstatements increases the auditor's incentives to exert audit effort. However, despite this positive externality, the provision of NAS may decrease perceived audit quality, which may in turn render the provision of NAS by auditors undesirable. Thus, my analysis uncovers an interesting tradeoff for regulators between the positive incentive effect and the decrease in audit quality. Removing the current restriction on contingent audit fees may offset this ex post decrease in audit quality while preserving the ex ante incentives
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Smith, Barry Peter. "Extensible business reporting language : an interpretive investigation of the democratisation of financial reporting." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1531/.
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Computer and telecommunications technologies are commonly thought to provide solutions to the quantitative and qualitative demands on modern financial reporting. Extensible Business Reporting Language (‘XBRL’) is an emergent technology that is purported to ‘democratise’ financial reporting. This investigation of whether XBRL democratises financial reporting is undertaken from a constructivist perspective. An interpretive research framework is regarded as appropriate to the current maturity XBRL. XBRL-knowledgeable individuals are asked whether they agree with the assertion that 'XBRL democratises financial reporting'. In addition, their perceptions of each of 'XBRL', 'financial reporting' and 'democratisation' are elicited in order to assess whether they have a common interpretation of the assertion. Sixty-seven percent of survey respondents profess to agree with the assertion, 13% explicitly disagree and 20% are non-committal. However, interpretation and analysis of each of the concepts reveal statistically significant relationships between responses to the assertion and interpretations of its constituent concepts. It is concluded that respondents are not agreeing and disagreeing about the same phenomena. This thesis illustrates that the rhetoric of technological determinism does not yet describe the reality of the relationship between financial reporting and XBRL. However, as XBRL matures, the approach adopted in this thesis may be re-applied to monitor perceptions of XBRL over time.
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Long, Margaret J. "E-Business Reporting: Towards a Global Standard for Financial Reporting Systems Using XBRL." NSUWorks, 2013. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/221.
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Reporting systems can provide transparency into financial markets necessary for a sustainable, prosperous global economy. The most widely used global platform for exchanging electronic information about companies to regulatory bodies is XBRL. Standards for this platform are in the process of becoming legally harmonized, but not all countries are mandating e-business reporting. A harmonized global standard for business reporting aligns practices between countries, while recognizing the need for flexibility within each social system and government, whereas international law would establish one standard for all. The research shows that goal of creating transparent global financial information in aggregate searchable form for the public remains elusive under the harmonized approach.
The research explores the standardization process at the country level using a grounded theory approach in the G20 countries. The problem of a not having a global standard is framed in the financial reporting dimensions of Law, Accounting Standards, Information Standards, and Assurance Standards, which are existing standards integral to creating high quality transparent financial information. The dimensions exist to some extent in each country, and are in process of being harmonized. The research shows that current legal mandates for the XBRL standard impact the number of firms filing in XBRL to regulators. However, problems with data quality and data assurance have not been addressed with the current legislative initiatives. There is supply of data, but no public demand due to quality issues. There are three levels in the process where data alignment is needed for interoperability: taxonomy use must be consistent, taxonomy structure must be the same, and agreed upon minimum content must be useful for analysis. Currently, data sets between countries are not interoperable or comparable for aggregation due to local adoptions of XBRL taxonomies. Legal mandates alone have not produced quality electronic financial information. Additionally, accounting and assurance standards are not completely aligned. The contributions of this paper provide an understanding of how global standards are being harmonized in the G20 countries based on the common value of financial information transparency in e-business reporting.
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Sun, Jialin. "Financial reporting quality, capital allocation efficiency, and financing structure: An international study." Diss., Connect to online resource, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3178321.
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Tham, Yeut Hong. "Multiple Directorships and Financial and Non-Financial Reporting Measures: Evidence from Australia." Thesis, Curtin University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/53002.
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This thesis comprises three separate but connected essays focussing on multiple board directorships and its impact on financial and non-financial reporting measures of Australian publicly listed firms. Results suggest that financial reporting quality is enhanced with firms having skilled, knowledgeable and experienced board of directors resulting from other multiple board directorships. Consequently, the applicability of resource dependency theory between multiple directorships and earnings management, audit fees and CSR disclosures is validated from the results.
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Mirchev, Svetlin. "Implications of Financial Reporting on Leadership’s Strategic Choices." Thesis, University of Kalmar, Baltic Business School, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hik:diva-340.
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The importance of the financial markets has constantly been increasing during the last few decades. With the increase of the importance of the financial markets the popularity and importance of financial reporting have also increased dramatically.
The importance of financial reporting has logically created a need for a lot of research in the area. It is for instance important to understand the links financial reporting has with the different parts of the business and its implications on them and the business in general. Based on that the research conducted has focus on the following research issue – identify, understand and explain the implications of financial reporting on leadership’s decision making process as well as identify, understand and explain their effects on leadership’s strategic choices.
The aim of the research process is to reach some general conclusions on the issue derived from a certain context – the crisis in the financial sector originating from the US subprime mortgage crisis as well as provide basis for further research on the issue.
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Irish, Ryan P. "Baby GAAP, A Creditor's Solution to Financial Reporting." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/626.
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The purpose of this paper is to explore problems in current GAAP, including earnings management and illogical accounting practices. The paper then looks at proposed solutions to these problems, but shows how, from a creditor's perspective, these solutions fall short. My conclusion is that by creating two sets of GAAP, one for large publicly traded companies and one for smaller privately held companies, financial statements will be more representationally faithful for the creditors utilizing the financial statements.
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Barma, Hussein. "Legal aspects of financial reporting in company law." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322717.
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Barnes, Ronnie. "Essays on the economic impact of financial reporting." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.393730.
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This dissertation consists of three essays which examine the real economic impact of the financial reporting environment. In Earnings Volatility and Market Valuation: An Empirical Investigation, I use data on a large cross-section of US firms from 1973 to 1998 to address the issue of whether there is a systematic link between the market value (as proxied by Tobin's q) of a company and the volatility of its quarterly earnings stream. Using a multivariate regression framework, and controlling for other factors which prior literature has shown to be related to q, I find a strong, negative relationship between market value and earnings volatility. The relationship remains after controlling for cash now volatility indicating that (as asserted by corporate management) "accounting-induced" earnings volatility has an adverse impact on market value. In Accounting for Derivatives and Corporate Risk Management, I consider the question of how non-financial corporations should report the results of their use of financial derivatives. Using SFAS 133 as a framework, I introduce three possible accounting regimes and characterize the information provided under each of the three alternatives. I then present a simple economic model with which to analyze the effect on corporate risk management policies of the different regimes and find that hedging distortions may occur depending on the regime imposed by the regulatory authorities. Finally, I discuss the policy implications of this result. In The Economic Consequences of Purchase and Pooling Accounting (co-authored with Henri Servaes),w e investigate the market reaction to various announcements by the FASB and SEC regarding the potential abolition of pooling accounting, the preferred method of corporates for accounting for business combinations. Our results indicate a negative reaction to announcements which increase the probability of such an abolition and are consistent with the hypothesis that investors are to some extent fixated on reported earnings.
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Beasley, Tony. "The financial reporting aspects of preliminary profit announcements." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.274737.
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Al-Hussaini, Ahmed Nahar. "The quality of financial reporting practices in Kuwait." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.246533.
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Chuang, Jia-Jiann. "Financial performance reporting by NHS Trusts in England." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.395050.
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This research examines financial reporting by National Health Service (NHS) Trusts in England. The particular aspects examined are financial reporting, financial performance and reporting of financial performance. National Health Service Trusts in England were examined over the period from 1991/92, the launch year of the NHS internal market, to 1997/98. The objectives of the research are to conduct an empirical examination of financial reporting and financial performance of NHS Trusts in England. The research methodology involved: collecting data; piloting a study on Northern & Yorkshire NHS Trusts: examining financial reporting; identifying research questions; and testing hypotheses in order to make generalisations from the pilot study to the whole of England. The discussion of financial reporting seeks to identify financial reporting styles of NHS Trusts. The research found that most Trusts prefer publishing an annual report with financial highlights (Repfh) and separate audited annual accounts (Sepac), rather than an annual report including full audited annual accounts (Repac). Regarding the financial performance of Trusts, it is found that they have faced difficulties in achieving their three financial duties, especially the 6% financial target and break-even requirement. The majority of Trusts disclosed detailed financial information, such as that relating to the 6% and break-even targets in Sepac, but not in Repfh. While Repfh documents usually fail to reveal detailed financial information, Sepac documents are often not available in practice. Moreover, the Summarised Account of NHS Trusts and the associated Comptroller and Auditor General's Report failed to provide comprehensive and consistent financial information, especially on the three financial targets. Furthermore, incomplete information in many documents and the obscuring of Trust performance by adjustments have increased difficulties for users attempting to understand the real financial performance of NHS Trusts. These practices hinder accounting research on NHS financial performance.
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Nallasivan, Srinivasan. "Developing a quality score methodology for financial reporting." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/35106.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 2006.Includes bibliographical references (p. 85).
Money laundering is a huge problem that is faced by financial institutions and banks are mandated by the government to have strict policies and procedures towards anti-money laundering reporting. The outcome of a complex investigation process is a Suspicious Activity Report (SAR) which is used by Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FINCEN) to trace back criminals and to curb the money laundering activities. This thesis work involves developing a quality rating methodology for SAR reporting at the bank and rates the critical elements in determining the quality of a SAR. The results of the quality scoring mechanism have been validated by using Multivariate tools and techniques. Mahalanobis- Taguchi Strategy (MTS) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) were used to come up with the measurement scale to distinguish the good and bad SARs and PCA was used to list the critical elements that were listed by the MTS approach. The results of the analysis were presented towards the end of the thesis and this methodology can be used to determine the quality rating of SARs.
by Srinivasan Nallasivan.
S.M.
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Sofilkanitsch, Christian [Verfasser]. "Non-GAAP reporting around financial restatements / Christian Sofilkanitsch." Paderborn : Universitätsbibliothek, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1211392066/34.
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Gillberg, Veronika, and Matilda Rolfsson. "The Function of Financial Reporting in Family Firms." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Jönköping University, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-48569.
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The objective of financial reporting has mainly been discussed in the accounting literature with reference to the stewardship/accountability and decision-usefulness perspective. The latter objective is emphasised by standard setters, but the accounting literature argues for a stronger emphasis on the stewardship/accountability perspective. The discussion surrounding the objective is largely conducted with large public companies as a foundation. Thus, the thesis aims to explore the function of financial reporting in small private family businesses as they account for a large amount of the existing corporations. The study relies on a qualitative method with semi-structured interviews and a document study on the financial reports to fulfil the purpose of the study. The study shows that the function of financial reporting is revolved around evaluating firm performance and using the financial report as a communication tool to external users. The findings indicate tendencies of the decision-usefulness, but the stewardship/accountability objective is more apparent. Also, the concept of socioemotional wealth appears to be related to the stewardship/accountability objective and the function of financial reporting.
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Tsoligkas, Fanis. "Essays on insider trading and financial reporting discretion." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/16966.
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This thesis presents three empirical studies investigating the capital market effects of the interplay between financial reporting discretion and insider trading. The empirical studies contribute to the emerging accounting literature which considers managers’ private signal conveyed by means of their trading on their own firm’s shares. The first study examines whether the disclosure of directors trading improves market efficiency and contributes to the long standing controversy in the literature with regards to the informational efficiency of insider trading. The findings indicate that insider trading assist market participants to assess the implications of current for future earnings during an earnings announcement and consequently lead to more efficient prices. However, the information in insider trading subsumes the information in financial reporting discretion in this setting. The second empirical chapter investigates the interplay between financial reporting discretion and insider trading focusing on the setting of acquisitions financed with equity whereby managers have incentives to manipulate earnings and the opportunity to conceal the consequences from doing so. In this particular setting, it is shown that a combination of financial reporting discretion aiming to inflate earnings and insider purchases denoting overconfident managers is associated with acquirers’ long term underperformance. The third empirical chapter employs a setting characterised by an exogenous constraint over financial reporting discretion over the capitalisation of R&D expenditures. It is shown that constraining financial reporting discretion comes at the expense of a loss of information about future earnings. Moreover, constraining financial reporting discretion reduces also the usefulness of the insider purchases disclosure as a means for assessing the motivation for capitalisation.
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Nguyen, Huu Cuong. "Interim financial reporting in the Asia-Pacific region." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2015. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/86761/1/Huu%20Cuong_Nguyen_Thesis.pdf.
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This study examines Interim Financial Reporting disclosure compliance and associated factors for listed firms in Asia-Pacific countries: Australia, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Singapore, the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam.
Employing disclosure theory (in the context of information economics), with the central premise being that manager' trade-off costs and benefits relating to disclosure, the factors influencing the variation in interim reporting disclosure compliance are examined.
Using researcher-constructed disclosure indices and regression modelling, the results reveal significant cross-country variation in interim reporting disclosure compliance, with higher compliance associated with IFRS adoption, audit review, quarterly reporting (rather than six-monthly) and shorter reporting lags.
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Xiong, Feng. "The economic consequences of financial reporting on Twitter." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2017. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/105509/4/Feng_Xiong_Thesis.pdf.
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This thesis examines stock market reaction following financial reporting information on Twitter. The results indicate that larger companies and companies closer to technology are more likely to adopt Twitter for financial reporting. Smaller companies receive greater benefits (reduction of information asymmetry) from this practice, as well as disclosing multiple financial reporting tweets. This study encourages frequent use of Twitter and other new Information Technology, to increase the visibility of small companies. This study provides new evidences to inform regulatory policy and promote ‘best practice’ guidelines for financial reporting on social media.
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Borsato, Elisa <1988>. "Il Conceptual Framework for financial reporting. Le attività." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/6475.
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Kisaku, Jobra Mulumba. "Impact of Financial Reporting Frameworks on the Quality of Not-for-Profit Financial Reports." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4644.
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Even when clean audit reports are issued for not-for-profit organizations (NFPOs), misuse of donor resources may continue for years without detection by financial statement users. Previous research has established creative accounting, haphazard reporting, and fraud among NFPOs. As a result, aid has been reduced and some projects have been suspended. With Uganda as the study area, the key research question was the following: What is the impact of financial reporting frameworks on the quality of financial reports in Uganda, controlling for class of external auditors? The purpose of this quantitative, causal-comparative study was to establish whether reporting frameworks used by NFPOs in Uganda affect the quality of financial reports. Survey data through a researcher-developed instrument were collected from a purposefully selected sample of 74 NFPOs. Data included financial reporting frameworks as the independent variable, quality of financial reports as the dependent variable, and class of external auditors as a covariate. The data were analyzed using analysis of covariance. Dhanani and Connolly's accountability theory was adopted as the central theory. Findings indicated that there were no significant associations between financial reporting frameworks and quality of financial reports. The highest quality score was 25.2% with a mean of 15.6%, indicating poor NFPO quality reporting in Uganda. These findings support creation of a financial reporting framework for NFPOs. Such a framework could boost donor funding, uniform reporting, and standardized guidelines for external auditors, as well as increased transparency and government confidence in NFPOs.
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Al-Jabri, Hamdan. "Financial reporting practices in Oman and compliance with disclosure requirements of international reporting standards." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.500585.
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Crowther, D. E. A. "The dialectics of corporate reporting : a semiotic analysis of corporate financial and environmental reporting." Thesis, Aston University, 1999. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/10733/.
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The central argument to this thesis is that the nature and purpose of corporate reporting has changed over time to become a more outward looking and forward looking document designed to promote the company and its performance to a wide range of shareholders, rather than merely to report to its owners upon past performance. it is argued that the discourse of environmental accounting and reporting is one driver for this change but that this discourse has been set up as in conflicting with the discourse of traditional accounting and performance measurement. The effect of this opposition between the discourses is that the two have been interpreted to be different and incompatible dimensions of performance with good performance along one dimension only being achievable through a sacrifice of performance along the other dimension. Thus a perceived dialectic in performance is believed to exist. One of the principal purposes of this thesis is to explore this perceived dialectic and, through analysis, to show that it does not exist and that there is not incompatibility. This exploration and analysis is based upon an investigation of the inherent inconsistencies in such corporate reports and the analysis makes use of both a statistical analysis and a semiotic analysis of corporate reports and the reported performance of companies along these dimensions. Thus the development of a semiology of corporate reporting is one of the significant outcomes of this thesis. A further outcome is a consideration of the implications of the analysis for corporate performance and its measurement. The thesis concludes with a consideration of the way in which the advent of electronic reporting may affect the ability of organisations to maintain the dialectic and the implications for corporate reporting.
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Hendrych, Viktor. "Finanční reporting." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233728.
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Right information in the right time is one of the most important factors influencing business success. The needs of continually requirements on the information, on their structure, form and subject is compelled a rise of the instrument for their security – reporting, which has gained importance in all business activities especially in the sphere of economy and finance. The reporting is possible to consider as an important part of the information system with the help of this system are these reports published. The final users can use the information in the case of the satisfaction of their subjective needs. Business reports have to show trustworthy and righteous view of reported facts, which is the basic target of finance reporting.
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Bence, David John. "The conceptual framework for financial reporting in the UK : the objectives and opinions of the participants in the financial reporting process." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297910.
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Liou, Yu-Ci, and 劉禹琦. "Internal Control over Financial Reporting and Financial Reporting Quality." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/44450173303548705325.
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碩士中原大學
會計研究所
96
This paper, based on 3664 observations with internal control deficiencies reported from 1988 to 2006, investigates the relation between financial reporting quality and internal control over financial reporting. My research employs quality of accrual to measure reliability of financial reporting and find that, firstly, firms with internal control deficiencies reported get lower quality of accrual in terms of discretionary accruals and accruals noise than those without internal control deficiencies reported. Secondly, firms with internal control deficiencies reported are usually with higher persistence of transitory loss components in earnings as well, and, therefore, has lower earnings conservatism; however, my research doesn’t show that firms with internal control reported deficiencies have lower earnings value relevance. Thirdly, the effect of internal control deficiencies on financial reporting quality is mainly from that of transaction cycles. Finally, governance mechanism of internal control either from board of director or accounting firm can’t change the impact of internal control deficiencies on all financial reporting quality while accounting firm can improve the relation between earnings value relevance and internal control over financial reporting. Collectively, the results are supported by cross- sectional regression of Fama MacBeth.
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徐國英. "Exploring financial reporting fraud." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/13760905926705927388.
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碩士國立政治大學
資訊管理研究所
96
Financial reporting fraud leads to not only significant investment risks for external stockholders, but also financial crises for the capital market. Although the issue of fraudulent financial reporting has drawn much attention, relevant research is much less than issues of predicting financial distress or bankruptcy. Furthermore, one purpose of exploring the financial reporting fraud with various forms is to obtain a better understand of the corporate through investigating its financial and corporate governance indicators. This study addresses the challenge with proposing an approach with the following four phases: (1) to identify a set of financial and corporate governance indicators that are significantly correlated with the financial reporting fraud; (2) to use the Growing Hierarchical Self-Organizing Map (GHSOM) to cluster the normal and fraud listed corporate data; (3) to extract knowledge about the financial reporting fraud through observing the hierarchical relationship displayed in the trained GHSOM; and (4) to make the justification of the extracted knowledge. The proposed approach is feasible because researchers claim that the GHSOM can discover the hidden hierarchical relationship from data with high dimensionality.
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Nguyen, Ngan Thi Thai. "Bank financial reporting opacity and uninsured deposit financing." Thesis, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/42624.
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This study examines the association between bank financial reporting opacity, measured by delayed expected loss recognition, and banks’ uninsured deposit financing. In particular, following calls from prior research, I investigate the effects of reporting opacity on this critical source of bank financing, which represents over $5 trillion at 2019. Using quarterly regulatory filings of federally-insured US commercial banks, I confirm a predicted negative association between uninsured deposits and larger delays in expected loss recognition, my proxy for reporting opacity. I also document expected cross-sectional variation, with this negative association accentuated for banks that are not too-big-to-fail (as these lack the implicit government guarantees of too-big-to-fail banks), and some evidence for banks that are not publicly-traded (which have lower overall reporting and disclosure quality relative to publicly-traded banks). My findings contribute to the extant literature on bank opacity, uninsured deposit financing, and the consequences of loan loss provisioning by suggesting that delayed expected loss recognition affects uninsured deposit financing.
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Yeh, Kuan-Han, and 葉官翰. "Financial Constrains, Liquidity, and Financial Reporting Transparency." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10396119791584144134.
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碩士東海大學
財務金融學系
103
This paper discusses the relationship of financial constraint, liquidity and Financial Reporting Transparency. Since the company's financing decision is one of the important decisions, it is also an important factor in promoting growth. As the importance of the academic issues over the past, the literatures mostly distinguish from the “Degree” of financial constraint, less from the company's “Nature”. “Nature” in this paper refers to whether the company has net present value greater than zero investment plan. And this paper will verify whether the differences in “Nature” would choose the different earnings transparency, when the company which has financial constraint? This paper will measure “Nature” of self-selection by distinguishing the company to use financial statements of financial constraints transparency distinction. Empirical findings indicate that under the conditions of financial constraint, if the company increases financial transparency, liquidity will be significantly increased, and the pressure on financial constraint will be reduced, so that the company can have more easily raise funds.