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Swamy, Vighneswara, and Dharani M. "Analyzing the agricultural value chain financing: approaches and tools in India." Agricultural Finance Review 76, no. 2 (July 4, 2016): 211–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/afr-11-2015-0051.
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Purpose – The global demand for food is expected to increase by 60 percent by 2050 when the world’s population reaches 9.1 billion. To meet this challenge significant investment in the agricultural sector is required to embrace innovative financing mechanisms that can benefit sustainable agricultural development, food security and nutrition. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the agricultural value chain (AVC) financing approaches and tools in India. It presents a proper understanding of the different case studies of Indian AVC financing models and related instruments. It also offers some useful recommendations to improve their efficiency. Design/methodology/approach – The authors employ the multiple case studies approach to research which allows for a purposive sample and the potential for generalizability of findings. This provides a more rigorous and inclusive approach than a single case study research due to the triangulation of evidence. Subsequently, the authors offer an explicit description of AVC financing models. In the next phase, a thorough assessment of these models is made. Finally, the authors formulate some useful policy recommendations based on the findings of the analysis. Findings – There is a need to review the value chain models that exist in the context of – lead actors, business model and sustainability strategy. Determining actual and critical points of finance such as the current flows of funds and their sources of financing, what is needed and in what point in time is significant to enhance the effectiveness of the models. Further, there is a need to analyze and compare financing options such as their relative strengths, risks and costs of financing for each level of participant in the chain. The authors observe that rather than investing in one component of the chain, the financial institution can grow expertise in the chain, share this knowledge and provide financing to support services. This not only benefits clients, but also expands lending opportunities while lowering the risks. Research limitations/implications – The study primarily focusses on AVC financing approaches and tools in India and attempts to analyze the inadequacies in the value chain models. The case study approach is adopted as the accurate data on value chain financing are not available for the analysis. Practical implications – The study has come out with the following policy recommendations: the governments (union government as well as state governments) – in partnership with the private sector need to spearhead and develop measures aimed at making the operation of the value chain efficient, fair, profitable and sustainable; governments have to focus on creating an enabling policy and regulatory environment and, providing the necessary support services in order to attract more investments. These will lower the transaction costs, facilitate the smooth flow of finance along the chain and ultimately increase value-added; financing for processing and marketing is particularly crucial for growth and expansion of the chain; bank finance should not be limited to short-term production loans, but also include big-ticket loans with longer maturities to finance investments in farming equipment and machinery, transportation, storage, mills and other processing/post-harvest facilities. Originality/value – This study is the first of its kind as it is based on a multiple case studies approach in understanding and analyzing the efficiency and effectiveness of AVC financing models in India by evaluating eight of such models. Besides, it offers quite useful policy recommendations to improve their efficiency.
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Nasim, Arim, and Muhammad Rizqi Syahri Romdhon. "PENGARUH TRANSPARANSI LAPORAN KEUANGAN, PENGELOLAAN ZAKAT, DAN SIKAP PENGELOLA TERHADAP TINGKAT KEPERCAYAAN MUZAKKI." Jurnal Riset Akuntansi dan Keuangan 2, no. 3 (April 27, 2014): 550. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/jrak.v2i3.6603.
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The purpose of this study was to determine how the effect of transparency of financial reporting, management of zakat, and the manager attitudes towards the level of trust muzakki. (Case studies on amil zakat institutions in Bandung).This study includes research into the associative casual. Sampling technique used was non-probability sampling using Quota sampling technique. The data used are primary data using a questionnaire research instruments. In analyzing the data, researchers used statistical regression analysis that had previously been tested with test instruments and classical assumption.The results of this study indicate that; First there is a significant influence on the level of transparency of financial statements muzakki trust. Secondly, there is a significant influence on the level of confidence in the management of zakat muzakki. Thirdly there is a significant influence on the level of trust managers attitude muzakki. Fourth, the existence of significant influence transparency of financial reporting, management of zakat, and the attitude of managers simultaneously on muzakki confidence level.
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Duran, Antonio, Tata Chanturidze, Adrian Gheorghe, and Antonio Moreno. "Assessment of Public Hospital Governance in Romania: Lessons From 10 Case Studies." International Journal of Health Policy and Management 8, no. 4 (December 22, 2018): 199–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/ijhpm.2018.120.
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Background: The Government of Romania commissioned international technical assistance to help unpacking the causes of arrears in selected public hospitals. Emphases were placed on the governance-related determinants of the hospital performance in the context of the Romanian health system. Methods: The assessment was structured around a public hospital governance framework examining 4 dimensions: institutional arrangements, financing arrangements, accountability arrangements and correspondence between responsibility and decision-making capacity. The framework was operationalized using a 2-pronged approach: (i) a policy review of broader health system governance arrangements influencing hospital performance; and (ii) a series of 10 casestudies of public hospitals experiencing financial hardship. Data were collected during 2016-2017 through key informant interviews with central authorities and hospital management teams, exhaustive semi-structured questionnaires filled in by hospitals, as well as the review of documentary sources where feasible. Results: Overall, the governance landscape of Romanian public hospitals includes a large number of seemingly modern legislative provisions and management instruments. Over the past 30 years substantial efforts have been made to put in place standardised hospital classification, hospital governance structures, management and service purchasing contracts with key performance indicators, modern reimbursement mechanisms based on diagnosis-related groups (DRGs), and regulatory requirements for accountability, including internal and external audit. Nevertheless, their application appears to have been challenging for a range of reasons, pointing to the misalignment between the responsibility and decisionmaking capacity given to hospitals in a questionably conducive context. Incoherent policy design, outdated and often disjointed regulatory frameworks, and cumbersome administrative procedures limit managerial autonomy and obstruct efficiency gains. In a context of chronic insufficient funding, misaligned incentives, and overly rigid service procurement processes, hospitals seem to struggle to adjust service baskets to the population’s health needs or to overcoming financial hardship. External challenges, combined with the limited strategic, operational, and financial management capacity within hospitals, make it difficult to exhibit good financial and general performance. Conclusion: Existing governance arrangements for Romanian public hospitals appear conducive to poor financial performance. The suggested framework for hospital governance assessment has proved a powerful tool for identifying system and hospital-specific challenges contributing to sub-optimal hospital performance.
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PURWANTO, PURWANTO, Wiranto RETNOWATI, and Hari SURYANTO. "RISK FACTORS TO TOURISM VISIT DECISIONS WITH DESTINATION IMAGE AS A MEDIATION: CASE STUDY OF RAWA PENING LAKE, INDONESIA." GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites 44, no. 4 (December 30, 2022): 1450–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.30892/gtg.44433-965.
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The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors that influence the decision to visit with the image of the destination as a mediating variable. A quantitative method for data processing using SPSS and AMOS - SEM software as instruments. The survey was conducted on 229 respondents who had visited Rawa Pening lake tourism, Central Java, Indonesia. The results obtained confirmed that the perception of cognitive risk and financial risk contributed greatly to the visit decision, either directly or through the mediation of cognitive attraction and effective image. While socio-psychological risk is less impactful even though it is through cognitive attraction and directly, the role of the affective image can bridge visitors to visit. The two mediators helped the community decide to visit this tourist area.
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Wibowo, Alexander Joseph Ibnu. "EVALUASI KINERJA KEUANGAN PERUSAHAAN MAKANAN BERBASIS ANALISIS RASIO KEUANGAN: SEBUAH STUDI KASUS." JURNAL AKUNTANSI, EKONOMI dan MANAJEMEN BISNIS 6, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 231–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.30871/jaemb.v6i2.995.
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This study aims to analyze trends in financial performance of a food company and test the validity of financial ratio instruments that have been used by financial practitioners and academics. For this reason, we designed an exploratory study through a single case study at a food company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). We analyze the company's financial data using a variety of ratio analysis commonly used in financial disciplines, such as operational ratios, financial ratios, and stock performance. The analysis was deepened by describing the results of factor analysis to test the validity of financial ratio instruments. We find that the company's financial performance tends to fluctuate over time. When viewed from the sales side, the company's performance showed an increase since 2010. If we observe the profit margin, the company's financial performance tends to decrease. Operational ratio trends also show a decline from 2013 to 2015. Furthermore, the results of factor analysis indicate that the ratio of net income to overall assets is the strongest indicator to measure the company's financial ratios. In contrast to previous studies, this study found that the ratio of operating income to equity was not proven valid as a measure of financial ratios. In summary, this study succeeded in providing significant contributions and novelty for practical and theoretical interests through the validation of financial ratios that are widely used so far.
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Fairuz Zalfa Shaumi, Aisyah Putri Hidayah, Aurelia Putri Denia, and Laonewan Rezki Alhaq. "Designing of Business Performance Measurement Instruments of Notify Coffee With Balanced Scorecard." International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Business Management 1, no. 1 (May 14, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.54099/ijebm.v1i1.42.
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SMEs are one of the sectors that provide many job opportunities in Indonesia. SME Coffee Shop is one of the SME sub-sectors that is experiencing growth in Indonesia. A performance improvement strategy is needed to maximize the performance of SMEs Coffee Shop in order to compete and develop the business. This paper aims to identify the aligment of the SMEs vision, mission, goals and target, create a strategy map, identify Key Performance Indicator, and develop business used Balanced Scorecard method of Notif Coffee. The object of this research is Notif Coffee which is one of Coffee Shop SMEs in West Java. This study used are primary data obtained by structured interview with Notif Coffee owner and secondary data in the form of literature studies. The data processing and analysis method is carried by Key Performance Indicator and Balanced Scorecard consisting four targets, namely finance, learning and growth, internal business, and customer. The research shows that Notif Coffee have many problem in internal business perspective because Key Performance Indicator shows that target is not achived. The result of this research using balanced scorecard analysis with four perspectives led by the learning and growth, followed by the customer perspective, the financial perspective, and internal perspective.
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Effendi, Mamat Rachmat. "DEVELOPMENT OF CASH WAQF BENEFITS SYNERGY FOUNDATION IN THE ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT OF THE UMMAT." Amwaluna: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan Syariah 5, no. 1 (December 28, 2020): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/amwaluna.v5i1.6916.
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This paper discusses the development of cash waqf benefits which is directed at empowering the community's economy carried out by the synergy foundation in West Java. Cash waqf as one of the shari'ah financial instruments should be able to provide added value usefulness and a multifier effect in reviving the community's economy. The aim is to map the quality of institutions in managing the benefits of cash waqf for the economic empowerment of the people. The approach used is case studies with qualitative methods, the data were analyzed descriptively with a phenomenological naturalistic paradigm which emphasizes the nature of social reality and studies what appears in society. The results obtained in the field Sinergi Foundation have carried out professional, transparent and accountable, financial management using the accounting standard for zakat PSAK 109. The financial reports are audited by an independent public accountant and the results are Unqualified (WTP).
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Lopata, Audrius, Saulius Gudas, Rimantas Butleris, Vytautas Rudžionis, Liutauras Žioba, Ilona Veitaitė, Darius Dilijonas, Evaldas Grišius, and Maarten Zwitserloot. "Financial Data Anomaly Discovery Using Behavioral Change Indicators." Electronics 11, no. 10 (May 17, 2022): 1598. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11101598.
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In this article we present an approach to financial data analysis and anomaly discovery. In our view, the assessment of performance management requires the monitoring of financial performance indicators (KPIs) and the characteristics of changes in KPIs over time. Based on this assumption, behavioral change indicators (BCIs) are introduced to detect and evaluate the changes in traditional KPIs in time series. Three types of BCIs are defined: absolute change indicators (BCI-A), relative change indicators (ratio indicators BCI-RE), and delta change indicators (D-BCI). The technique and advantages of using BCIs to identify unexpected deviations and assess the nature of KPI value changes in time series are discussed and illustrated in case studies. The architecture of the financial data analysis system for financial data anomaly detection is presented. The system prototype uses the Camunda business rules engine to specify KPIs and BCI thresholds. The prototype was successfully put into practice for an analysis of actual financial records (historical data).
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Ozalp, Asaf. "Financial Analysis of Agricultural Development Cooperatives: A Case of Western Mediterranean Region, Turkey." New Medit 18, no. 2 (June 15, 2019): 119–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.30682/nm1902h.
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In Turkey, Agricultural Development Cooperatives are very important for bringing the resources in rural area to the economy, establishment of agro-industrial facilities for processing agricultural products and preventing migration from rural area to cities. While the number of Agricultural Development Cooperatives in Turkey was 6000 in 1974, it rose to 7196 in 2017. Total number of partners of these cooperatives is 775255.The aim of the study is to reveal financial structures of Agricultural Development Cooperatives within the scope of the research by using ratio analyses. Data in this study were retrieved from income statement and balance sheets belonging to 2016 of 70 Agricultural Development Cooperatives in the Western Mediterranean Region. Ratio analyses were classified as financial structure ratios, activity efficiency ratios and profitability ratios in this study. Financial analysis was conducted for Agricultural Development Cooperatives by comparing the values obtained as a result of analysis with the standard values. Findings obtained from this study and other similar studies suggest that one of the most significant problems of agricultural development cooperatives is finance. As a result of the study, it was determined that the cooperatives studied were not in financial sufficient level. The financial weaknesses of the cooperatives examined mean that they can face financial problems in the long run. Financial insufficiency poses a risk in terms of the continuity of the surveyed cooperatives.
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La Placa, S., and E. Doria. "RELIABILITY OF DTMS OBTAINED WITH MOBILE FAST SURVEYS TECHNIQUES." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVI-2/W1-2022 (February 25, 2022): 299–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlvi-2-w1-2022-299-2022.
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Abstract. The contribution addresses the issue of the integrated survey aimed at three-dimensional modeling for the documentation of different types of terrain through the analysis of two case studies located in the province of Pavia - Italy. The techniques of aerial photogrammetric acquisition SfM (UAVs), Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) and Mobile (MLS) are now consolidated and widely used, managing to meet the needs of documentation of land levelling, monitoring, and analysis of landslide volumes. The two case studies present difficulties due to a strong inclination of the land and extensive presence of vegetation in the first case and to a strong presence of agricultural canalizations in the second case. The data processing phase focused on the comparison between MLS and close-range photogrammetry, while the acquisitions from TLS were used as control data. This acquisition method allows avoiding the process of approximation and reconstruction of the DTM under the vegetation, ensuring the correctness of the data relating to the ground course. The database allows the generation of highly reliable DTMs using specific point cloud modeling and processing software. Fast survey instruments are ideal in large areas or in hilly areas where sub-vertical sections and covered by vegetation are often present, difficult to detect only with close-range photogrammetry.
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Guizani, Moncef, and Ahdi Noomen Ajmi. "Testing the pecking order theory of capital structure in an Islamic legal system: the case of Saudi Arabia." International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management 14, no. 4 (February 17, 2021): 732–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imefm-05-2019-0216.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine whether the basic premises according to the pecking order theory (POT) provide an explanation for the capital structure mix of firms operating under Islamic principles. Design/methodology/approach Pooled ordinary least squares, fixed and random effects regressions were performed to test the POT applying data from a sample of 66 Islamic-compliant firms listed on Saudi Stock Market over the period 2006–2016. Findings The results show that sale-based instruments (Murabahah, Ijara) track the financial deficit quite closely followed by equity financing and as a last alternative to finance deficit, Islamic-compliant firms issue Sukuk. In the crisis period, these firms seem more reliant on equity, then on sale-based instruments and on Sukuk as last option. The study findings also indicate that the cumulative financing deficit does not wipe out the effects of conventional variables, although it is empirically significant. This provides no support for the POT attempts by Saudi Islamic-compliant firms Research limitations/implications This research contributes to the theory of capital structure in re-validating the findings of a previous theoretical and empirical study. It helps understand the capital structure of Islamic-compliant firms in comparison with conventional firms. It highlights some areas where further research on topics related to capital structure of Islamic-compliant firms is needed. The failure of the POT to explain Saudi firms’ financing choices strongly pushed researchers to test the market timing theory for the Saudi Stock Market. Further research studies could re-examine the trade-off theory in the absence of interest tax shield as in an Islamic economy. Practical implications From a managerial perspective, this research can serve firm executive managers in their financing decisions to add value to the companies. Furthermore, policymakers, bankers and standard-setting organizations should undertake more collective work to simplify the process of issuing Islamic financial instruments including Sukuk. Moreover, the Saudi Government has to encourage the private sector to be more innovative in developing products and services that are in line with Sharia principles. Finally, to attract investors, the Capital Market Authority has to encourage transaction, efficiency and liquidity of Islamic financial instruments. Originality/value The proposed study presents several originalities. First, it explores the implications of relevant Islamic principles on financing preferences of Saudi firms. Second, the present study enables us to investigate what the sudden abundance of liquidity, generated by the record levels of oil prices, implied for the firms’ financing behavior. Finally, it provides further evidence on the impact of financial crisis on the firms’ capital structure choice in a period of considerable slowdown in the world.
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Özgüven, Yavuz, Utku Gönener, and Süleyman Eken. "A Dockerized big data architecture for sports analytics." Computer Science and Information Systems, no. 00 (2022): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/csis220118010o.
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The big data revolution has had an impact on sports analytics as well. Many large corporations have begun to see the financial benefits of integrating sports analytics with big data. When we rely on central processing systems to aggregate and analyze large amounts of sport data from many sources, we compromise the accuracy and timeliness of the data. As a response to these issues, distributed systems come to the rescue, and the MapReduce paradigm holds promise for large scale data analytics. We describe a big data architecture based on Docker containers with Apache Spark in this paper. We evaluate the architecture on four data-intensive case studies in sport analytics including structured analysis, streaming, machine learning approaches, and graph-based analysis.
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Smith, Michael P., Warren S. Sandberg, Joseph Foss, Kathleen Massoli, Mona Kanda, Wael Barsoum, and Armin Schubert. "High-throughput Operating Room System for Joint Arthroplasties Durably Outperforms Routine Processes." Anesthesiology 109, no. 1 (July 1, 2008): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0b013e31817881c7.
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Background Recent publications have focused on increased operating room (OR) throughput without increasing total OR time. The authors hypothesized that a system of parallel processing for lower extremity joint arthroplasties sustainably reduces nonoperative time and increases throughput. Methods The high-throughput parallel processing strategy included neuraxial anesthesia performed in an "induction room" adjacent to the OR, patient selection, an additional circulating nurse, and end-of-case transfer of care to a recovery room nurse who transported the patient from the OR to recovery. Instruments and supplies were prepared in a dedicated sterile setup area. Data were extracted from administrative databases. Group comparisons used standard statistical methods; statistical process control was used to evaluate performance over time. Results There were 688 historic control cases from 299 days over 16 months, and 905 high-throughput cases from 304 days spanning 24 consecutive months starting September 1, 2004. Throughput increased from 2.6 +/- 0.7 (mean +/- SD) to 3.4 +/- 0.8 arthroplasties per day per room. Nonoperative time decreased by 36 min (or 50%) per case. Operative time also decreased by 14 min (12%) per case. The end time for the high-throughput OR day was only 16 min later than control. Nonoperative time, operative time, and throughput remained significantly improved after 2 yr of operation. Contribution margin increased 19.6%. Conclusion Reorganizing the perioperative work process for total joint replacements sustainably increased OR throughput. Because joint arthroplasties generated a positive margin greater than the incremental cost, the high-throughput system improved financial performance.
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Martinez-Mosquera, Diana, Rosa Navarrete, and Sergio Luján-Mora. "Efficient processing of complex XSD using Hive and Spark." PeerJ Computer Science 7 (August 17, 2021): e652. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.652.
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The eXtensible Markup Language (XML) files are widely used by the industry due to their flexibility in representing numerous kinds of data. Multiple applications such as financial records, social networks, and mobile networks use complex XML schemas with nested types, contents, and/or extension bases on existing complex elements or large real-world files. A great number of these files are generated each day and this has influenced the development of Big Data tools for their parsing and reporting, such as Apache Hive and Apache Spark. For these reasons, multiple studies have proposed new techniques and evaluated the processing of XML files with Big Data systems. However, a more usual approach in such works involves the simplest XML schemas, even though, real data sets are composed of complex schemas. Therefore, to shed light on complex XML schema processing for real-life applications with Big Data tools, we present an approach that combines three techniques. This comprises three main methods for parsing XML files: cataloging, deserialization, and positional explode. For cataloging, the elements of the XML schema are mapped into root, arrays, structures, values, and attributes. Based on these elements, the deserialization and positional explode are straightforwardly implemented. To demonstrate the validity of our proposal, we develop a case study by implementing a test environment to illustrate the methods using real data sets provided from performance management of two mobile network vendors. Our main results state the validity of the proposed method for different versions of Apache Hive and Apache Spark, obtain the query execution times for Apache Hive internal and external tables and Apache Spark data frames, and compare the query performance in Apache Hive with that of Apache Spark. Another contribution made is a case study in which a novel solution is proposed for data analysis in the performance management systems of mobile networks.
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Mujiatun, Siti, Julita Julita, Rahmayati Rahmayati, and Edisah Putra Nainggolan. "Pengembangan Model Penyaluran Kredit Bagi UKM Untuk Mengantisipasi Perkembangan Lembaga Keuangan Informal." Owner 6, no. 4 (October 11, 2022): 3645–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.33395/owner.v6i4.1016.
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The classic problem that cannot be denied and that continues to plague some Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), is the problem of capital, which results in not achieving the expected goals. Some SMEs that can meet the requirements can use banking services (banks) to meet their business capital needs and not a few SMEs also use informal financial institutions, which in this case are loan sharks for their business capital, although we know the interest expense set is relatively higher than Banks, because the procedures and requirements are easy, some SMEs use informal financial institutions or loan shark services. This study aims to provide input and develop the most relevant credit distribution model that can help some SMEs in fulfilling their business capital in Deli Serdang Regency, and it is hoped that in the future the government and other stakeholders will have to focus on solving these problems. However, the SME sector is one of the supporters of economic growth in an area, especially in Deli Serdang Regency. This study uses the Research and Development (R&D) method. Data collection techniques generally use field studies with the distribution of research instruments (questionnaires) to the sample, in this case, SMEs in Deli Serdang Regency. Data analysis The research instruments that have been collected will be analyzed using descriptive analysis methods. Of the 70 entrepreneurs who became respondents, only 10.9% believed that the capital they had was sufficient to develop their business, 64.6% said they still needed injections even though they already owned them and 24.6% even stated that capital injections were a very urgent need for survival his efforts.
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Saefudin, Dede Firmansyah, Widya Apriliah, Lham Kurniawan, Yuli Komalasari, Muhammad Faittullah Akbar, and Royadi -. "WATERFALL METHODS FOR APPLICATION OF ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN HOTEL INCOME MANAGEMENT CASE STUDY: CITRA GRAND HOTEL KARAWANG." JURNAL TEKNOLOGI DAN OPEN SOURCE 4, no. 1 (June 22, 2021): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.36378/jtos.v4i1.1369.
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The need for information systems in the business more increase as the same as technological developments in the digital era which give the impacts rapidly changes in all sectors. The accounting cycle in the company is inseparable from the existence of financial recording activities in a certain period. Thus it requires an application to provides the processing financial data or it’s called accounting information system. The Grand Hotel Karawang is the focus of research on building income management accounting information system. Based on the data collection method used: observation, interviews and literature studies (library research), it can be concluded that in managing hotel rental income is still manual or not computerized so that why the research to provide solutions based on the need by designing income accounting information system using waterfall software development method, with phases including needs analysis, design, implementation of program code based on open source in the implementation of the Java programming language to make easier to implement into desktop-based applications. Testing is carried out using blackbox testing as a tool for testing each process step by step in the application that all processes are running well (valid) and can be implemented as needed.
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Martono and Zulfi. "Perancangan Aplikasi Point of Sale (POS) pada Karya Maju Jaya." Jurnal PROCESSOR 17, no. 2 (October 28, 2022): 114–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33998/processor.2022.17.2.1266.
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Karya maju jaya is one of the shops that engaged in the provision of services and goods in the form of workshops. Currently at karya maju Jaya, the process of managing transactions and financial reports still uses paper media as a means of storing data, causing many weaknesses in terms of security, effectiveness from the aspect of time, higher costs to the high possibility of errors in processing and processing information. Therefore, the author decided to conduct a research that the author gave the title point of sale (POS) application design on the work of karya maju jaya with the aim of answering all the problems above. The point of sale (POS) application in this study will be described using use case diagrams and class diagrams modeling. The final product of the research that the author did in this research is a point of sale (POS) application that allows application users to process product data, manage transaction data, manage reports, manage invoices, manage profiles, change passwords, login and logout.
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Mikelionyte, M., and A. Lezgovko. "HOW FEMALE DIFFER IN DECISION MAKING FOR PERSONAL INVESTMENT STRATEGY." Financial and credit activity problems of theory and practice 5, no. 40 (November 8, 2021): 92–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.18371/fcaptp.v5i40.244902.
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Abstract. This study investigates Lithuanian females’ personal investment peculiarities in line with Australia’s case analysis and application as a good practice method. Based on many publicly available research females tend to have less knowledge about finances in general and particularly investment processes; hence, it leads to their lack of interest into investing and the possibility of poor money management. This issue might be solved by investigating why it appears first and adopting the practical example from countries with developed investment market. In the case of comparison of personal investment strategies among Lithuanian and Australian females the two sets of questionnaires have been used to collect the data for further analysis. The main findings revealed by the survey were, that women in Australia had a higher financial literacy level, invested more often, and chose broader variety of investment instruments compared to Lithuanian females. Moreover, the significant discovery of the article disclosed that Lithuanian females chose not to invest due to the lack of additional funds and the shortage of financial knowledge. The main limitation occurred during the research was the lack of the available data on personal investment topic in Lithuania’s official statistic sources such as The Lithuanian Department of Statistics. The results of the research contribute towards improving Lithuanian female personal finance and investment areas and could be applied to further studies or used for the education program dedicated to financial literacy among women in Lithuania creation. Furthermore, this article creates an original value to personal finance, investment, and financial literacy areas in Lithuania by introducing an idea to not only conduct more studies in these fields, but also to use comparative analysis and good practice method from the countries that demonstrates high achievements in personal finance and gender equality areas. Keywords: personal investment management, female investment, financial literacy, investor’s profile, investing, investment options, investment strategies. JEL Classification G51, G53 Formulas: 1; fig.: 5; tabl.: 1; bibl.: 15.
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Rafay, Abdul, Ramla Sadiq, and Mobeen Ajmal. "Uniform framework for Sukuk al-Ijarah – a proposed model for all madhahib." Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research 8, no. 4 (September 4, 2017): 420–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jiabr-09-2015-0042.
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Purpose This paper aims to discuss the urgent need to develop a sound and robust universal framework that would prove helpful in creating uniform acceptability of Islamic financial instruments. Among many problems, a particular problem in developing a uniform global framework for Islamic financial instruments is the existence of different madhahib within Islamic Fiqh. The leading and the most prominent Sunni madhahib that have survived till today are four, the Hanbali, Shafi, Maliki and Hanafi, while the most prominent Shia madhab is the Jafari madhab. Design/methodology/approach The research approach was descriptive and exploratory in nature. Secondary resources were used except for a semi-structured interview with a Shariah scholar with the justification that his knowledge and experience regarding the subject matter may prove helpful. The methodology included a systematic review of already issued Sukuk by various madhahib. Compared to a simple narrative review of a few case studies regarding Sukuk, this methodology has a benefit to provide the reader the power to assess the review and even replicate it. The results of this systematic review are summarized in the form of tables. Findings Ingredients were determined that would help make a truly global Sukuk security, a model acceptable to all madhahib of Islamic Fiqh. These ingredients include rentals, relationship between special purpose vehicle (SPV) and originator, transference to SPV, Sukuk structure, guarantee, liquidity, listing and tradability, convertibility, subordination and post-Ijarah price. Moreover, specific steps were also analyzed that must be taken to issue such type of Sukuk al-Ijarah. Research limitations/implications This study is focused only on a type of Islamic financial instrument, i.e. Sukuk whose underlying was Ijarah-based contracts. This is due to lesser global acceptability for other Islamic financial instruments including other forms of Sukuk. Based on the nature of study, purposive/judgmental sampling was done. The sample population was 40 Sukuk (nine each from Hanafi, Shafi and Maliki madhahib, five each from Hanbali and Jafari madhahib and three from non-Muslim zones). Some Sukuk were dropped due to non-availability of enough data and to keep some semblance between the impact of the madhab on financial world and the data. Practical implications For practitioners and regulators, on the basis of the given recommendations, it would be possible to create a standardized product, acceptable for all madhahib of Islamic Fiqh. This standardization will lead to a unified platform that can attract a larger investor pool as well as better integration. For practical purposes, the proposed model of Sukuk al-Ijarah can be replicated for other Islamic financial instruments for global acceptability. Social implications For an Islamic society, the expansion of Islamic economic system depends principally on unity. So integration is critical and also essential for the success of any Islamic financial instrument. When the society will move away from Riba and its associated evil, the society will move in a positive direction, while still making profits. The proposed model may also be utilized for socially responsible initiatives like protection of natural resources, advancement of renewable energy, economic development and rehabilitation to name a few. Originality/value Previous studies were silent on the development of comprehensive frameworks acceptable to all madhahib of Islamic Fiqh. This research study is the first study of its kind and is the first step toward integration, as it would try to suggest a global framework for Sukuk al-Ijarah that can be acceptable by the followers of any madhab of Islamic Fiqh.
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Conde, V., D. Nilsson, B. Galle, R. Cartagena, and A. Muñoz. "A rapid deployment instrument network for temporarily monitoring volcanic SO<sub>2</sub> emissions – a study case from Telica volcano." Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems Discussions 4, no. 1 (April 23, 2014): 191–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gid-4-191-2014.
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Abstract. Volcanic gas emissions play a crucial role in describing geophysical processes; hence measurements of magmatic gases such as SO2 can be used as tracers prior and during volcanic crises. Different measurement techniques based on optical spectroscopy have provided valuable information when assessing volcanic crises. This paper describes the design and implementation of a network of spectroscopic instruments based on Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS) for remote sensing of volcanic SO2 emissions, which is robust, portable and can be deployed in relative short time. The setup allows the processing of raw data in situ even in remote areas with limited accessibility, and delivers pre-processed data to end-users in near real time even during periods of volcanic crisis, via a satellite link. In addition, the hardware can be used to conduct short term studies of volcanic plumes in remotes areas. The network was tested at Telica, an active volcano located in western Nicaragua, producing what is so far the largest data set of continuous SO2 flux measurements at this volcano.
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Toor, Jay, Ajay Shah, Aazad Abbas, Jin Tong Du, and Erin Kennedy. "Standardization of laparoscopic trays using an inventory optimization model to produce immediate cost savings and efficiency gains." PLOS ONE 17, no. 12 (December 29, 2022): e0276377. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276377.
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Perioperative services comprise a large portion of hospital budgets; the procurement and processing of surgical inventories can be an area for optimization in operational inefficiency. Surgical instrument trays can be customized as procedure-specific or standardized as trays that can be used in numerous procedure types. We conducted an interventional study to determine the cost savings from standardizing laparoscopic surgery instrument trays. A single-period inventory optimization model was used to determine the configuration of a standardized laparoscopic (SL) tray and its minimal stock quantity (MSQ). Utilization of instruments on the general surgery, gynecology, and gynecological oncology trays was recorded, and daily demand for trays (mean, SD) was assessed using daily operating room (OR) case lists. Pre- and post-intervention costs were evaluated by reviewing procurement data and quantifying medical device reprocessing (MDR) and OR processes. The SL tray was trialled in the OR to test clinical safety and user satisfaction. Prior to standardization, the customized trays had a total inventory size of 391 instruments (mean instruments per tray: 17, range: 12–22). Daily demand was an MSQ of 23 trays. This corresponded to a procurement cost of $322,160 and reprocessing cost of $41,725. The SL tray (mean instruments per tray: 15, mean trays/day: 9.2 ± 3.2) had an MSQ of 17 trays/day. The total inventory decreased to 255 instruments, corresponding to a procurement cost of $266,900 with savings of $55,260 and reprocessing cost of $41,562 with savings of $163/year. After 33 trial surgeries, user satisfaction improved from 50% to 97% (p < .05). Standardization to a single SL tray using the inventory optimization model led to increased efficiency, satisfaction, and significant savings through aggregating specific service demands. The inventory optimization model could provide custom solutions for various institutions with the potential for large-scale financial savings. Thus, future work using this model at different centres will be necessary to validate these results.
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Dziekański, Paweł, and Juljusz Piwowarski. "Local Security as an Element of Local Development. Case Study of Infrastructure and Environmental Variables of The Cities in The Eastern Poland Macro-Region." International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 23, no. 2 (June 25, 2017): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/kbo-2017-0087.
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Abstract The authors in this article present performance of public administration which concerns a basic process developing in the context of dynamics of security culture phenomenon that involves the use of local potential (including infrastructure, natural environment, finance, human capital). The process of development of a region is multifaceted. It involves any changes that are implemented at different paces and with varying intensity in economic, social, technical and environmental areas. Local security is a resulting category that allows to assess functioning of local economy. The aim of the article is to provide determinants that shape security at the local level in the context of the selected elements of the region’s balance (infrastructure and environment aspects) by the case of Swietokrzyskie Voivodeship municipalities for 2010 and 2015. In the calculations the data of the Central Statistical Office (Local Data Bank) were used. The determined synthetic measure allows to make hierarchy according to the adopted variables. It supplies information on the examined category of objects. It provides a comparative picture between the objects that were analysed, allows to indicate weaker and better areas of functioning of a unit. As it is shown in the article it gives a basis for the assessment of the effectiveness of the instruments of local authorities policy that were used in the past. The carried out statistic studies confirm existence of disparities in financial condition (financial security) of municipalities.
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Daradkeh, Mohammad Kamel. "A Hybrid Data Analytics Framework with Sentiment Convergence and Multi-Feature Fusion for Stock Trend Prediction." Electronics 11, no. 2 (January 13, 2022): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11020250.
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Stock market analysis plays an indispensable role in gaining knowledge about the stock market, developing trading strategies, and determining the intrinsic value of stocks. Nevertheless, predicting stock trends remains extremely difficult due to a variety of influencing factors, volatile market news, and sentiments. In this study, we present a hybrid data analytics framework that integrates convolutional neural networks and bidirectional long short-term memory (CNN-BiLSTM) to evaluate the impact of convergence of news events and sentiment trends with quantitative financial data on predicting stock trends. We evaluated the proposed framework using two case studies from the real estate and communications sectors based on data collected from the Dubai Financial Market (DFM) between 1 January 2020 and 1 December 2021. The results show that combining news events and sentiment trends with quantitative financial data improves the accuracy of predicting stock trends. Compared to benchmarked machine learning models, CNN-BiLSTM offers an improvement of 11.6% in real estate and 25.6% in communications when news events and sentiment trends are combined. This study provides several theoretical and practical implications for further research on contextual factors that influence the prediction and analysis of stock trends.
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Rahman, Lina Aulia, and Noven Suprayogi. "Analisis Kesesuaian Akuntansi Transaksi Gadai Emas Syariah Dengan PSAK dan Fatwa DSN MUI (Studi Kasus Praktik Gadai Emas di Pegadaian Syariah Surabaya)." Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan 2, no. 11 (December 17, 2015): 943. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/vol2iss201511pp943-953.
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One easy and practical financing is a pawn. Pawning gold is very attractive financing for fast processing and high estimates. Basic mortgage financing in Indonesia sharia is Fatwa 25 / DSN-MUI / III / 2002 on Rahn and 26 / DSN-MUI / III / 2002 on the Gold Rahn, PSAK 59 (qardh), PSAK 107 (Ijarah), and PAPSI in 2013.This study aims to determine the accounting treatment products on the gold pawn Sharia Islamic Pawnshop Surabaya with gold pawn practice case studies on Islamic Pawnshop Blauran Surabaya Branch. This research is qualitative. The data collection methods used were interviews and take the financial statements on the official website Pawnshop. The results showed that the accounting treatment in the aspect of recognition and measurement in accordance with PSAK 107, PSAK 59, and PAPSI 2013. But, the presentation of the financial statements is not accordance with PSAK 100 and 101.
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Mukhlisin, Murniati, Mohammad Hudaib, and Toseef Azid. "The need for Shariah harmonization in financial reporting standardization." International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management 8, no. 4 (November 16, 2015): 455–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imefm-10-2013-0110.
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Purpose – This study aims to analyze IFIs’ stakeholders’ perception on Shariah harmonization for financial reporting standards inIndonesia as a part of the development effort of linking the emerging global Islamic banking to Indonesian financial and industrial markets. Design/methodology/approach – A sample of 160 respondents, who were stakeholders of Islamic banks, was taken from Jakarta, the capital city of Indonesia and its surrounding major districts to examine the stakeholders’ perception on Shariah harmonization effort toward the implementation of a uniformed financial reporting standard for Islamic financial institutions. Data for this study were collected using a structured questionnaire. Findings – Through this study, the authors found several measures to be taken to ensure Shariah harmonization efforts in Indonesia such as deep understanding on the fatawā brought into practices and strict monitoring on the Islamic banks in applying the financial reporting standards that imply practicing the fatawā, both de jure and de facto. However, the respondents differ in their opinion on the possibility of Shariah harmonization, both de jure and de facto. The role of various actors involved in the financial reporting standardization may impede Shariah harmonization to take place. Research limitations/implications – The study is only looking at one case study, which is Indonesia. Therefore, future studies should consider more countries and significant number of respondents. Different research instruments to measure the perception can also be an interesting research exploration. In addition, adopting deep Islamic political economy of accounting theory may support better analysis on the issue of financial reporting standardization for Islamic financial institutions. Originality/value – This paper has practical significance for financial reporting standard setters for Islamic banks and policy-makers to understand the key behavioral and demographical dimensions of their stakeholders and using these dimensions to effectively position important aspects in financial reporting standards setting.
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Jankovic, Milica, Vera Miler-Jerkovic, Ana Koljevic-Markovic, and Dejan Popovic. "Algorithm for uptake assessment in small lesions based on dynamic scintigraphy scans." Facta universitatis - series: Electronics and Energetics 29, no. 2 (2016): 233–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuee1602233j.
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The aim of our research was to develop an algorithm for estimation and visualisation of radiopharmaceutical uptake based on time-activity-curve (TAC) analysis in small regions of interest (ROI) in scintigraphic studies. The algorithm is implemented in Lab view environment (National Instruments, Texas, Austin) and comprises the following steps: 1) delineation of grid of small ROIs over the examined tissue and corresponding TAC processing; 2) background vs tissue separation; 3) the extraction of all ?suspected? ROIs where TACs are not exponentially descendent; 4) correlation analysis between a TAC corresponding to the central suspected ROI and TACs of neghboring ROIs; 5) the extraction of representative TAC for ?suspected? area by Principal Component Analysis technique; and 6) visual interpretation of radiopharmaceutical distribution in the ?suspected? area. The application of algorithm is presented in data recorded in case of histopathologically proven parathyroid tumors.
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Harjayanti, Diana Riyana, Angga Rovita, and Teguh Yuwono. "Pengaruh Tingkat Pendidikan, Tingkat Literasi keuangan, Instrumen Literasi Keuangan pada Keputusan Pembelian pada Media Online (Studi Kasus Masyarakat di Daerah Tangerang Selatan)." Jurnal Mandiri : Ilmu Pengetahuan, Seni, dan Teknologi 4, no. 2 (December 26, 2020): 199–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.33753/mandiri.v4i2.127.
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The development of digital technology and the trend of e-commerce cause changes in people's shopping patterns that in beginning is offline conventional to switch to online shopping through web/ blogs. So that in this study, the authors are interested in examining whether there is an influence from the level of education, the level of financial literacy, financial literacy instruments on purchasing decisions in online media with a case study on the community in the South Tangerang City. The research method used is descriptive quantitative by processing data and analysis obtained from a survey of a sample of the population in the South Tangerang City. The results obtained from the survey conducted on the people of the South Tangerang City were the efficiency factor and the cheaper price factor were considered the most influential factors in purchasing decisions on online media. The advantages of shopping transactions offered through online media, especially during the Covid pandemic, have caused many people to change their offline shopping patterns to online to buy the items they need. This is also reinforced by the results of research from the hypothesis test which concludes that the level of education, the level of financial literacy and financial literacy instruments do not affect the value of purchasing decisions ononline media in South Tangerang City society either partially (t test) or simultaneously (F test). sig value> 0.05.
Abstrak
Perkembangan teknologi digital dan trend e-commerce menyebabkan perubahan pola belanja masyarakat yang awalnya bersifat konvensional offline beralih ke pola belanja online melalui web/blog. Sehingga dalam penelitian ini, penulis tertarik untuk meneliti apakah ada pengaruh dari tingkat pendidikan , tingkat literasi keuangan, dan instrumen literasi keuangan pada keputusan pembelian terhadap media online dengan studi kasus pada masyarakat di Kota Tangerang Selatan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskritif kuantitatif dengan melakukan pengolahan data dan analisa yang diperoleh dari hasil survey terhadap sample dari populasi masyarakat di Kota Tangerang Selatan. Hasil yang diperoleh dari survei yang dilakukan pada masyarakat daerah Kota Tangerang Selatan adalah faktor efisiensi dan faktor harga yang lebih murah dianggap sebagai faktor yang paling berpengaruh dalam keputusan pembelian pada media online. Keuntungan transaksi belanja yang ditawarkan melalui media online terutama selama pandemic covid ini menyebabkan banyak masyarakat yang mengubah pola belanja offline menjadi online untuk membeli barang yang diperlukan. Hal ini diperkuat dengan hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian bahwa faktor tingkat pendidikan dan literasi keuangan tidak mempengaruhi keputusan pembelian pada media online di masyarakat Kota Tangerang Selatan baik secara partial (Uji t) maupun simultan (Uji F) dengan nilai sig > 0,05.
Kata Kunci : Tingkat Pendidikan, Tingkat Literasi Keuangan, Instrumen Literasi Keuangan, KeputusanPembelian Pada Media Online
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Kukalova, Gabriela, Olga Regnerova, Daniela Pfeiferova, Ivana Kucharova, and Dana Mejstrikova. "Securing Orders as a Tool in the Fight against Tax Evasion: Czech Republic Case Study." SHS Web of Conferences 92 (2021): 02036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20219202036.
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Research background: Combating tax evasion is part of tax administration in most countries. As globalization progresses, tax evasion and tax fraud are growing. All this has a negative impact on tax revenues of state budgets. Globalization is helping to apply similar practices by states against tax evasion. Within the EU, it is mainly about harmonization and common procedures for VAT. Revenues from VAT are a significant revenue of the state budget also in the Czech Republic, therefore various tools are used in the constant fight against VAT fraud. Purpose of the article: The aim of the article is to evaluate the effectiveness of securing orders in the fight against VAT fraud in the Czech Republic. Methods: Data for the monitored period 2014 - 2018 were obtained from documents of the Financial Administration of the Czech Republic. The analysis of securing orders and the estimation of the costs of their issuance is performed based on the stated data. Subsequently, the effectiveness of issued securing orders in the monitored period is evaluated. Findings & Value added: In the context of globalization, a number of studies deal mainly with the causes and effects of tax arrears, tax evasion and the tax gap. This paper discusses the fight against tax evasion, focusing on a specific instrument - securing orders. Based on the analyzes, an estimate is made of the costs of issuing securing orders. Subsequently, the effectiveness of securing orders is evaluated as one of the instruments in the fight against VAT fraud.
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Conde, V., D. Nilsson, B. Galle, R. Cartagena, and A. Muñoz. "A rapid deployment instrument network for temporarily monitoring volcanic SO<sub>2</sub> emissions – a case study from Telica volcano." Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems 3, no. 2 (August 26, 2014): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gi-3-127-2014.
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Abstract. Volcanic gas emissions play a crucial role in describing geophysical processes; hence, measurements of magmatic gases such as SO2 can be used as tracers prior to and during volcanic crises. Different measurement techniques based on optical spectroscopy have provided valuable information when assessing volcanic crises. This paper describes the design and implementation of a network of spectroscopic instruments based on differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) for remote sensing of volcanic SO2 emissions, which is robust, portable and can be deployed in relatively short time. The setup allows the processing of raw data in situ even in remote areas with limited accessibility, and delivers pre-processed data to end users in near real time, even during periods of volcanic crisis, via a satellite link. In addition, the hardware can be used to conduct short-term studies of volcanic plumes in remote areas. We describe here tests of the network at Telica, an active volcano located in western Nicaragua, during three different measurement periods, including an eruptive crisis. The tests produced what is so far the largest data set of continuous SO2 flux measurements at this volcano. The measurements show that, during the period 2010–2013, the flux averages approximately 100 tons per day (t day−1).
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Liang, Xiaoxia, Fang Duan, Ian Bennett, and David Mba. "A Comprehensive Health Indicator Integrated by the Dynamic Risk Profile from Condition Monitoring Data and the Function of Financial Losses." Energies 14, no. 1 (December 23, 2020): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14010028.
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Large rotating machinery, such as centrifugal gas compressors and pumps, have been widely applied and acted as crucial components in the oil and gas industries. Breakdowns or deteriorated performance of these rotating machines can bring significant economic loss to the companies. In order to conduct effective maintenance and avoid unplanned downtime, a system-wide health indicator is proposed in this paper. The health indicator not only uses a dynamic risk profile, but also considers financial loss and the fault probability based on condition monitoring data. This methodology is carried out by four steps: fault detection, probability of fault calculation, consequence of fault calculation and dynamic risk assessment. In our methodology, the fault probability is calculated by robust Mahalanobis distance, presenting as a system-wide feature from a sparse autoencoder fault detection model enabled early fault detection. The value of the health indicator is presented in financial loss, which assists in effective operational decision-making in a process system. To evaluate the performance of the proposed indicator, two case studies were carried out—one case tested on multivariate industrial data obtained from a pump, and another one tested on an industrial data set from a compressor. Results prove that the integrated health indicator can detect the faults at their incipient stages, indicate the degradation of the system with dynamically updated process risk at each sampling instant, and suggest an appropriate shutdown time before the system suffers severe damage. In addition, this methodology can be adapted to other machines’ health assessments, such as those of turbines and motors. The presented method of processing the industrial data set can benefit relevant readers.
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Ji, Qiang. "A Method to Correct the Thermal Dome Effect of Pyranometers in Selected Historical Solar Irradiance Measurements." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 24, no. 3 (March 1, 2007): 529–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech1977.1.
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Abstract In using pyranometers to measure solar irradiance, it is important to know the magnitudes and the consequences of the thermal effect, which is introduced by the glass domes of the instruments. Historically, the thermal dome effect was not monitored on a regular basis. Case studies show that, due to the thermal dome effect, the output of the pyranometers altered from less than 5 W m−2 in the nighttime to over 20 W m−2 around noontime during the Aerosol Recirculation and Rainfall Experiment (ARREX) in 1999 and the Southern African Fire–Atmosphere Research Initiative (SAFARI) in 2000 field campaigns, depending on sky conditions. A calibration and data processing procedure with the thermal dome effect incorporated has been tested to resolve the issue. It is demonstrated that the intrinsic calibration constants of the pyranometers can be obtained if two pyranometers are used side by side, and the thermal dome effect may be inferred whenever a pyranometer and a pyrgeometer are collocated.
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Santos, Gleberson de Santana dos, and Simone Sehnem. "Analysis practices focused on sustainability in a shopping center from Santa Catarina, according to guidelines Global Reporting Initiative - GRI." Sistemas & Gestão 11, no. 2 (July 5, 2016): 216–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.20985/1980-5160.2016.v11n2.1016.
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This paper aims to identify how a mall incorporates sustainability in their management processes. In addition, the study proposes to verify how incorporating sustainability based in the guidelines of the Global Reporting Initiative the corporate strategy to get competitive advantage and analyze the relevant factors that affect the commitments to sustainability, through the vision of decision makers in the areas strategic organization. The study consists of a survey whose approach is qualitative. This is a survey that ranks over goals in descriptive and qualitative approach. Regarding the proceedings consists of a case study. To collect data, we used the questionnaire instruments and semi-structured interviews with key informants applied responsible for the operations department / maintenance, financial administration, marketing and human resources. It was noted that the organization takes some practice focused on sustainability, such as optimization of natural resources, actions philanthropic and focusing on internal employees programs, but not as effective. This studies follows that it is possible to incorporate strategies and sustainable practices in the strategic management of the enterprise, giving it even competitive advantage, provided that there is full commitment from all sectors and investments in sustainable and conscious actions
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Kuma, Peter, Adrian J. McDonald, Olaf Morgenstern, Richard Querel, Israel Silber, and Connor J. Flynn. "Ground-based lidar processing and simulator framework for comparing models and observations (ALCF 1.0)." Geoscientific Model Development 14, no. 1 (January 6, 2021): 43–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-43-2021.
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Abstract. Automatic lidars and ceilometers (ALCs) provide valuable information on cloud and aerosols but have not been systematically used in the evaluation of general circulation models (GCMs) and numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. Obstacles associated with the diversity of instruments, a lack of standardisation of data products and open processing tools mean that the value of large ALC networks worldwide is not being realised. We discuss a tool, called the Automatic Lidar and Ceilometer Framework (ALCF), that overcomes these problems and also includes a ground-based lidar simulator, which calculates the radiative transfer of laser radiation and allows one-to-one comparison with models. Our ground-based lidar simulator is based on the Cloud Feedback Model Intercomparison Project (CFMIP) Observation Simulator Package (COSP), which has been extensively used for spaceborne lidar intercomparisons. The ALCF implements all steps needed to transform and calibrate raw ALC data and create simulated attenuated volume backscattering coefficient profiles for one-to-one comparison and complete statistical analysis of clouds. The framework supports multiple common commercial ALCs (Vaisala CL31, CL51, Lufft CHM 15k and Droplet Measurement Technologies MiniMPL), reanalyses (JRA-55, ERA5 and MERRA-2) and models (the Unified Model and AMPS – the Antarctic Mesoscale Prediction System). To demonstrate its capabilities, we present case studies evaluating cloud in the supported reanalyses and models using CL31, CL51, CHM 15k and MiniMPL observations at three sites in New Zealand. We show that the reanalyses and models generally underestimate cloud fraction. If sufficiently high-temporal-resolution model output is available (better than 6-hourly), a direct comparison of individual clouds is also possible. We demonstrate that the ALCF can be used as a generic evaluation tool to examine cloud occurrence and cloud properties in reanalyses, NWP models, and GCMs, potentially utilising the large amounts of ALC data already available. This tool is likely to be particularly useful for the analysis and improvement of low-level cloud simulations which are not well monitored from space. This has previously been identified as a critical deficiency in contemporary models, limiting the accuracy of weather forecasts and future climate projections. While the current focus of the framework is on clouds, support for aerosol in the lidar simulator is planned in the future.
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Slepnev, Mihail A., and Anwar Sabeeh Al-qatrany. "Development of an urban planning information system for settlements located in oil production areas: the case of Al-Zubair district in Basra governorate." Vestnik MGSU, no. 5 (May 2022): 559–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2022.5.559-568.
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Introduction. Oil production areas are highly damaged in Al-Zubair district. However, they border residential and industrial zones, water areas, and farmlands. The local transport infrastructure demonstrates rapid growth. Al-Zubair district is also home to a largest oilfield in Basra governorate. The oilfield is an important factor of the country’s economic development and an employer for the residents of Basra and other Iraqi governorates. The programme, focused on the development of an urban planning information system, proposed by the authors for oil production areas, encompasses information gathering and processing, database provisioning, data analyzing and processing. The ArcGIS cartographic system will be used to make base maps of urban environments. Field studies have been conducted in the areas of environmental degradation, intervention and imbalance. The preparatory work included information gathering, photographing, and using GPS to determine the location of the areas under research. The purpose of the study is to identify the areas, that are potentially fit for human habitation, and analyze alternative inventory accounting models of oil production areas using three project proposals.
Materials and methods. Standard measuring instruments and navigation devices, such as Garmin GPS controller, were used to collect the information to be further added to the database and processed using statistical methods. GIS systems (Arc Map 10.3) and Microsoft excel were used to make digital maps; the remote sensing method and open data were also employed. A camera was used to make photos of particular objects. Firstly, the information was collected and added to the controller database, then it was forwarded to a computer system as vector data to make a digital map and develop design solutions.
Results. The purpose of the new urban planning information system is to assess the local living conditions and ensure the sustainable development of populated areas in the Al-Zubair district of Basra Governorate, the Republic of Iraq.
Conclusions. The proposed method of using an ecological mapping system to identify the areas potentially fit for human habitation will improve the quality of urban planning, enhance the environment in oil production areas and ensure their sustainable development. These areas need area development plans, that comply with the standards for residential areas located in oil production neighbourhoods.
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Singhania, Monica, and Neha Saini. "Revisiting environmental degradation and economic growth nexus using autoregressive distributed lag approach." International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management 69, no. 8 (August 6, 2020): 1765–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijppm-10-2019-0509.
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PurposeThe paper attempts to revisit the nexus between economic growth, carbon emissions, trade openness, financial effectiveness and FDI for a sample of seven developed and developing countries using curvilinear relationship as per environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis over long term.Design/methodology/approachThe authors determine the unit root properties of variables (using Clemente–Montañés–Reyes unit root test with double mean shifts and AO model and augmented Dickey–Fuller test) for structural breaks at different levels. Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) and error correction model (ECM) methodology was used to estimate long- and short-run parameters among the selected variables in sample countries from 1965 to 2016. Vector error correction (VEC) and Granger causality approach was used to determine the direction of causality.FindingsThe authors confirmed long-run relationship among the variables and highlighted high economic growth and energy consumption as the main causes of environmental degradation. While in India financial development and FDI inflows depict a negative association with environmental sustainability, however, such relationship was positive in the United Kingdom (UK), which is often considered as a benchmark for policymakers. The authors’ findings were in agreement with existing research insights in reporting FDI and financial development as the major contributors towards (unsustainable) sustainable environment through emissions in case of (developing country like India) developed country like UK. For other sample countries (China, Brazil, Japan, South Africa, United States of America (USA)), the authors’ model failed to capture financial development and FDI as significant contributors of carbon emissions. However, unidirectional causality running from energy to carbon emission was observed leading to the policy adoption of incentivizing alternative energy-based resources to increase energy efficiency across the energy value chain.Research limitations/implicationsManufacturing with renewable energy, in collaboration with private and foreign players, under an institutional framework is desirable. Policy instruments including mandatory administrative controls, economic incentives and voluntary schemes that promote energy efficiency building blocks need to be established. A sound legal system for implementing technological innovation, financial subsidy incentives, interest-free loan programmes and development of financial sector supports creation and thriving of energy efficient units, often a perquisite for accelerated development.Originality/valueBy undertaking a comparative analysis, the authors address the research gap through revisiting EKC hypothesis with different set of trade policy and financial development framework. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, earlier studies were limited to one-country data analysis and did not consider the comparative data set of developed and developing countries with reference to financial development and FDI components.
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Tatarchenko, Yehor, and Volodymyr Lyfar. "MODELS AND METHODS OF SUPPORT DECISION FOR MANAGEMENT OF IT COMPANIES." EUREKA: Physics and Engineering 4 (July 31, 2020): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2461-4262.2020.001363.
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Studies have been carried out and methods have been proposed to increase the competitiveness of IT companies by improving the quality of their state analysis taking into account stochastic indicators. Growth conditions may provide mergers and acquisitions (M&A). One of the important components of mergers and acquisitions is a qualitative assessment of the value and condition of the company associated with the development of IT. Particularly tangible are the results of a qualitative financial analysis for IT companies whose activities are aimed at the distribution and support of energy resources in a competitive environment of generating and supplying energy companies in the regions. The analysis of the data obtained as a result of the P&L financial report is mainly based on current indicators and can be partially used to prolong economic indicators for a certain (most often limited) period. In this case, the stochastic characteristics of non-interconnected influencing processes are practically not determined and quantitatively not taken into account. Thus, the definition of qualitative indicators of the economic state is most often based on a balanced scorecard (Balanced Scorecard, BSC). The authors propose using methods for evaluating stochastic indicators of IT development processes based on a number of tasks: 1) development and coordination of methods and models that allow for the assessment of influencing indicators in the analysis of the financial condition of the analyzed companies, taking into account the likelihood of the implementation of scenarios of their development; 2) creation of an information model and methods for processing current stochastic data and assessing the probability of the implementation of negative and positive outcomes
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Gao, Bo-Cai, Rong-Rong Li, and Yuekui Yang. "Remote Sensing of Daytime Water Leaving Reflectances of Oceans and Large Inland Lakes from EPIC onboard the DSCOVR Spacecraft at Lagrange-1 Point." Sensors 19, no. 5 (March 12, 2019): 1243. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19051243.
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The NASA’s Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera (EPIC) on board the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) satellite has been making multiple observations of the entire sunlit Earth in a given day from the Sun-Earth Largangian L1 point since the summer of 2015. EPIC contains 10 narrow channels in the 317–780 nm solar spectral range. The data acquired with EPIC have already been used in a variety of scientific investigations, including the study of the global ozone levels, aerosol index and aerosol optical depth, UV reflectivity of clouds over land and ocean, cloud height over land and ocean, and vegetation indices. In this article, we report that EPIC data, particularly for the data measured with narrow channels centered near 443, 551, and 680 nm, can also have important applications in remote sensing of ocean color in different geographical regions. We have modified a version of a multi-channel atmospheric correction algorithm for Moderate Resolution Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MODIS) ocean color applications and adapted the algorithm for processing EPIC data. We present three case studies on water leaving reflectance retrievals from EPIC data acquired over a large turbid river, inland lakes, and oceans. We conclude that a future ocean color instrument on board a satellite at the L1 point, which provides continuous view of the full sunlit disk of the Earth, will complement and extend ocean color observations with the low Earth observing polar orbital and geostationary satellite instruments in both the spatial and time domains.
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Gajbhiye, Rahul K., Grant Montgomery, Murlidhar V. Pai, Pranay Phukan, Shashank Shekhar, Kedar Padte, Pramathes DasMahapatra, et al. "Protocol for a case–control study investigating the clinical phenotypes and genetic regulation of endometriosis in Indian women: the ECGRI study." BMJ Open 11, no. 8 (August 2021): e050844. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050844.
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Introduction Endometriosis is one of the common, gynaecological disorders associated with chronic pelvic pain and subfertility affecting ~10% of reproductive age women. The clinical presentation, etiopathogenesis of endometriosis subtypes and associated risk factors are largely unknown. Genome-Wide Association (GWA) Studies (GWAS) provide strong evidence for the role of genetic risk factors contributing to endometriosis. However, no studies have investigated the association of the GWAS-identified single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) with endometriosis risk in the Indian population; therefore, one-sixth of the world’s population is not represented in the global genome consortiums on endometriosis. The Endometriosis Clinical and Genetic Research in India (ECGRI) study aims to broaden our understanding of the clinical phenotypes and genetic risks associated with endometriosis. Methods and analysis ECGRI is a large-scale, multisite, case–control study of 2000 endometriosis cases and 2000 hospital controls to be recruited over 4 years at 15 collaborating study sites across India covering representative Indian population from east,north-east, north, central, west and southern geographical zones of India. We will use the World Endometriosis Research Foundation Endometriosis Phenome and Biobanking Harmonisation Project (WERF-EPHect) data collection instruments for capturing information on clinical, epidemiological, lifestyle, environmental and surgical factors. WERF-EPHect standard operating procedures will be followed for the collection, processing and storage of biological samples. The principal analyses will be for main outcome measures of the incidence of endometriosis, disease subtypes and disease severity determined from the clinical data. This will be followed by GWAS within and across ethnic groups. Ethics and dissemination The study is approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health and all participating study sites. The study is also approved by the Health Ministry Screening Committee of the Government of India. The results from this study will be actively disseminated through discussions with endometriosis patient groups, conference presentations and published manuscripts.
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Cornilleau-Wehrlin, N., H. St Alleyne, K. H. Yearby, B. de la Porte de Vaux, A. Meyer, O. Santolík, M. Parrot, et al. "The STAFF-DWP wave instrument on the DSP equatorial spacecraft: description and first results." Annales Geophysicae 23, no. 8 (November 8, 2005): 2785–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-23-2785-2005.
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Abstract. The STAFF-DWP wave instrument on board the equatorial spacecraft (TC1) of the Double Star Project consists of a combination of 2 instruments which are a heritage of the Cluster mission: the Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Field Fluctuations (STAFF) experiment and the Digital Wave-Processing experiment (DWP). On DSP-TC1 STAFF consists of a three-axis search coil magnetometer, used to measure magnetic fluctuations at frequencies up to 4 kHz and a waveform unit, up to 10 Hz, plus snapshots up to 180 Hz. DWP provides several onboard analysis tools: a complex FFT to fully characterise electromagnetic waves in the frequency range 10 Hz-4 kHz, a particle correlator linked to the PEACE electron experiment, and compression of the STAFF waveform data. The complementary Cluster and TC1 orbits, together with the similarity of the instruments, permits new multi-point studies. The first results show the capabilities of the experiment, with examples in the different regions of the magnetosphere-solar wind system that have been encountered by DSP-TC1 at the beginning of its operational phase. An overview of the different kinds of electromagnetic waves observed on the dayside from perigee to apogee is given, including the different whistler mode waves (hiss, chorus, lion roars) and broad-band ULF emissions. The polarisation and propagation characteristics of intense waves in the vicinity of a bow shock crossing are analysed using the dedicated PRASSADCO tool, giving results compatible with previous studies: the broad-band ULF waves consist of a superimposition of different wave modes, whereas the magnetosheath lion roars are right-handed and propagate close to the magnetic field. An example of a combined Cluster DSP-TC1 magnetopause crossing is given. This first case study shows that the ULF wave power intensity is higher at low latitude (DSP) than at high latitude (Cluster). On the nightside in the tail, a first wave event comparison - in a rather quiet time interval - is shown. It opens the doors to future studies, such as event timing during substorms, to possibly determine their onset location.
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Matei, Andrei Cristian, and Mihaela Onofrei. "Impact of risk management on sustainable farming business." Journal of Financial Studies 7, no. 12 (May 15, 2022): 143–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.55654/jfs.2022.7.12.10.
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The purpose of this study is to evaluate the instruments utilized in agricultural risk management. The study's goals are to highlight the hazards that Romanian farmers confront and to uncover strategies to mitigate these risks. In this regard, we present an analysis of agricultural risks, the role of agricultural insurance and the impact of risk management on the sustainability of agricultural holdings. The research methodology is based on various reports, official statistics, macroeconomic analysis, case studies, analysis of documents issued by organizations representing the SME sector and the agricultural business environment. After collecting the data, qualitative and quantitative methods were used to express the research results. The study emphasized the constraints that farmers face (depending on the size of the enterprise), the influence of climate change on agricultural output, the main financial risks (e.g., price risk, production risk), and suggested methods for implementing agricultural insurance (eg. production, income insurance). The study also shows that price and production risks such as price volatility and climate change have a significant impact on the sustainability of agricultural holdings. The main conclusion of the study shows that risk management tools encourage farmers to participate in sound risk management. Finally, the results of the research can provide important guidelines in substantiating the needs of risk management in the agricultural sector.
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Et al., Piyanun Klaichun. "Evaluation of Guidelines for PPICC: Purpose and Processing on Ideation and Creative Innovations for Competency Innovator." Psychology and Education Journal 58, no. 1 (January 15, 2021): 3924–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i1.1433.
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This research was aimed to 1) determine the current and desirable states, and the priority needs index for PPICC: Purpose and Processing on Ideation and Creative Innovations for Competency Model. Mixed methods research was employed and undertaken in 2 phrases. Phase 1 investigated the model. The qualitative research approach to multiple case study collected data from 2 case studies in order to provide a profound understanding of the subject being investigated and allow for applying the research results to similar context. Phrase 2 investigated the priority needs index for PPICC: Purpose and Processing on Ideation and Creative Innovations for Competency Model. Phase 2 utilizing interviews with 30 experts in human resource development, digital technology, and education administration. Instruments comprise structured questionnaires, guidelines propriety, and feasibility evaluation form. Analyses involve descriptive statistics i.e. frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation, PNI Modified, and content analysis.
Results of the evaluation of Phase 1 investigated the model was PPICC: Purpose and Processing on Ideation and Creative Innovations for Competency. Results of the evaluation of Phase 2 investigated that the overall of current and desirable states are at a moderate and highest level, respectively. The highest values of priority need index elements are as follows: The first priority need index fell on Discovery Skill of Ideation Innovations is Creative Mind. Professional Teachers found Skill for Collaboration and problem- solving creative skill, Creating Innovations is to Put to other Use, Goals of successful factors for the development of instructors to have different characteristics are Inspirer, Environment management for learning and teaching found that procurement, resource support, and learning resources for the development of the students to be innovative. Processing is Establish University. Discovery Skill of Ideation Innovations is Creative Mind. Competency Innovator found that Ideation in learning and teaching management found that - build interaction in learning through connection and networking, and the least is Purpose which is Stamina. Therefore, an important mechanism for the development of innovative skills must come from the cooperation of the public sector, the private sector, educational institutes, and the family institute to develop skills, knowledge and ability to keep pace with today's world effectively.
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Hane, Christopher A., Vijay S. Nori, William H. Crown, Darshak M. Sanghavi, and Paul Bleicher. "Predicting Onset of Dementia Using Clinical Notes and Machine Learning: Case-Control Study." JMIR Medical Informatics 8, no. 6 (June 3, 2020): e17819. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/17819.
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Background Clinical trials need efficient tools to assist in recruiting patients at risk of Alzheimer disease and related dementias (ADRD). Early detection can also assist patients with financial planning for long-term care. Clinical notes are an important, underutilized source of information in machine learning models because of the cost of collection and complexity of analysis. Objective This study aimed to investigate the use of deidentified clinical notes from multiple hospital systems collected over 10 years to augment retrospective machine learning models of the risk of developing ADRD. Methods We used 2 years of data to predict the future outcome of ADRD onset. Clinical notes are provided in a deidentified format with specific terms and sentiments. Terms in clinical notes are embedded into a 100-dimensional vector space to identify clusters of related terms and abbreviations that differ across hospital systems and individual clinicians. Results When using clinical notes, the area under the curve (AUC) improved from 0.85 to 0.94, and positive predictive value (PPV) increased from 45.07% (25,245/56,018) to 68.32% (14,153/20,717) in the model at disease onset. Models with clinical notes improved in both AUC and PPV in years 3-6 when notes’ volume was largest; results are mixed in years 7 and 8 with the smallest cohorts. Conclusions Although clinical notes helped in the short term, the presence of ADRD symptomatic terms years earlier than onset adds evidence to other studies that clinicians undercode diagnoses of ADRD. De-identified clinical notes increase the accuracy of risk models. Clinical notes collected across multiple hospital systems via natural language processing can be merged using postprocessing techniques to aid model accuracy.
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Pino, Nicola Alessandro. "The analysis of historical seismograms: an important tool for seismic hazard assessment. Case histories from French and Italian earthquakes." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 182, no. 4 (July 1, 2011): 367–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gssgfbull.182.4.367.
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AbstractSeismic hazard assessment relies on the knowledge of the source characteristics of past earthquakes. Unfortunately, seismic waveform analysis, representing the most powerful tool for the investigation of earthquake source parameters, is only possible for events occurred in the last 100–120 years, i.e., since seismographs with known response function were developed. Nevertheless, during this time significant earthquakes have been recorded by such instruments and today, also thanks to technological progress, these data can be recovered and analysed by means of modern techniques.In this paper, aiming at giving a general sketch of possible analyses and attainable results in historical seismogram studies, I briefly describe the major difficulties in processing the original waveforms and present a review of the results that I obtained from previous seismogram analysis of selected significant historical earthquakes occurred during the first decades of the XXth century, including (A) the December 28, 1908, Messina straits (southern Italy), (B) the June 11, 1909, Lambesc (southern France) – both of which are the strongest ever recorded instrumentally in their respective countries –and (C) the July 13, 1930, Irpinia (southern Italy) events. For these earthquakes, the major achievements are represented by the assessment of the seismic moment (A, B, C), the geometry and kinematics of faulting (B, C), the fault length and an approximate slip distribution (A, C). The source characteristics of the studied events have also been interpreted in the frame of the tectonic environment active in the respective region of interest. In spite of the difficulties inherent to the investigation of old seismic data, these results demonstrate the invaluable and irreplaceable role of historical seismogram analysis in defining the local seismogenic potential and, ultimately, for assessing the seismic hazard. The retrieved information is crucial in areas where important civil engineering works are planned, as in the case of the single-span bridge to be built across the Messina straits and the ITER nuclear fusion power plant to be built in Cadarache, close to the location of the Lambesc event, and in regions characterized by high seismic risk, such as southern Apennines.
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Dubko, A. G., R. S. Osipov, Yu V. Bondarenko, and O. F. Bondarenko. "Electronic devices for studying mechanical properties of biological tissues." Технология и конструирование в электронной аппаратуре, no. 5-6 (2020): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.15222/tkea2020.5-6.40.
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The paper shows the relevance of studying the mechanical properties of biological tissues and biocompatible materials for solving the problems of general and reconstructive surgery, transplantology, manual therapy, virtual simulation of surgical operations, robotic surgery, etc. The authors present basic information about biological tissue as an object of research and give a brief overview of the devices used for studying the mechanical characteristics of biological tissues. An experimental system for testing deformations of biological tissues and biocompatible materials during compression is described. The system is developed using modern hardware and software, as well as effective technical solutions. The results of the practical use of the developed device are presented and the obtained dependences of the mechanical stress of biological tissue samples on their deformation under pressure are analyzed. The system has high metrological characteristics and low cost, and allows performing all the necessary functions for measuring, processing and visualizing the data. The measurements obtained with this system can help form the recommendations for doctors on choosing the optimal operation mode of medical devices and instruments in each specific case. In addition, the measured data can be used to create mathematical models of biological tissues and biocompatible materials in order to further carry out virtual experiments. In further studies, the authors plan to create the mathematical models of biological tissues based on the finite element method and using the actual values characterizing the tissue, obtained with the developed system.
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Martin, Michael, Stephen Hincks, and Iain Deas. "Temporary use in England’s core cities: Looking beyond the exceptional." Urban Studies 57, no. 16 (February 18, 2020): 3381–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098019898076.
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This paper develops an understanding of the structural and spatial characteristics of regulated forms of temporary use across England’s core cities. The paper’s contribution lies in its adoption of an extensive research design that goes beyond the intensive qualitative approaches that predominate in the temporary use literature. We employ a novel data set of 5890 temporary use interventions that have been recorded over a 15-year period (2000–2015). Informed by the temporary use literature, we distinguish between ‘extraordinary’ (e.g. urban beaches) and ‘ordinary’ (e.g. car parks) forms of temporary use alongside other characteristics that include the time of occurrence, the function of space appropriated, decisions taken and whether instances were isolated or reoccurring. Logistic regression is used to test whether the odds that a temporary use was defined as ‘ordinary’ or ‘extraordinary’ increased or decreased owing to their underlying structural characteristics. The analysis revealed that applications for extraordinary temporary uses increased in the period following the 2007/2008 financial crisis but that ordinary forms of temporary uses remained much more common before and after the recession. It also revealed differences between ordinary and extraordinary uses in relation to the functions of the spaces appropriated and decisions taken by the planning authority in processing the application. Geospatial approaches were then applied to two case study cities – Bristol and Liverpool. The analysis revealed a tendency towards the clustering of temporary uses that was spatially and temporally uneven, with extraordinary uses in particular concentrated in the cores/downtowns of the two cities.
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Lamont, E. B., and L. E. Dias. "NSAIDs, osteoarthritis, and colorectal cancer risk: Can administrative data provide a window into the effectiveness of a cancer prevention?" Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2006): 1022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.1022.
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1022 Background: Randomized trials show that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) reduce the risk of pre-cancerous polyps and may reduce the risk of invasive colorectal cancer (CRC), but studies of effectiveness have not been reported. Given the ubiquity of NSAIDS, existing population-level data sources may be leveraged to provide a window into the effectiveness of NSAIDs in CRC prevention. Methods: With data from the National Center for Health Statistics’ National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, we established the suitability of the diagnosis of osteoarthritis (OA) as an instrument or marker of NSAID therapy among the elderly. With data from the National Cancer Institute’s SEER-Medicare program, we then identified elderly Medicare beneficiaries diagnosed with CRC in 1995 and compared them to elderly Medicare beneficiaries without histories of CRC according to antecedent OA diagnoses in Medicare claims files. Using logistic regression, we estimated the odds of CRC diagnosis among elderly Medicare beneficiaries with histories of OA compared to those without. As a control analysis, we also estimated the odds of a breast cancer diagnosis among those elderly female Medicare beneficiaries with histories of OA compared to those without. Results: Within the SEER-Medicare data files, we identified 4,599 elderly patients with a SEER diagnosis of invasive CRC and 100,270 patients without a SEER diagnosis of invasive CRC. Individuals with a diagnosis of OA in Medicare claims in the prior three years had an 18% lower risk of being diagnosed with CRC than individuals whose claims did not reflect antecedent OA (OR 0.82, 95% CI: 0.77–0.88). No association between antecedent OA and subsequent breast cancer (OR 0.99, 95% CI: 0.92–1.05) was found. Conclusions: In this case-control study that treats certain ICD-9 codes within Medicare claims as instruments of NSAID use, we find that elderly Medicare beneficiaries with ICD-9 codes for OA have an18% lower odds of being diagnosed with invasive CRC. Further, the magnitude of the CRC odds reduction is similar to what would be expected from the excess NSAID use alone. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Dilts, D. M., A. B. Sandler, M. Baker, S. Cheng, S. McGuire, G. Menon, A. Wu, K. Karas, D. Sawyer, and R. L. Schilsky. "A timing and process flow analysis of opening clinical trials within an oncology cooperative group setting: The case of the CALGB." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2006): 6015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.6015.
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6015 Background: Cooperative oncology groups are major sponsors of Phase III clinical trials, yet the number of steps and times required to setup and open such a trial have yet to be studied. This study assesses these items in the Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) for all Phase III studies opened in a 3 year period. Methods: Step 1: headquarters and statistical center staff were interviewed to discover the detailed steps required for a study to transit from initial concept submission by a potential study chair to final activation of the study. The formal procedures manuals were also reviewed. All study records and draft protocol documents were inspected to verify and identify additional setup steps. Finally, data was collected through direct contact with study chairs and disease committee chairs. Step 2: timing data for each of the major functions or processes were collected. All times are from initial initiation of the function to the final completion of the task. Times represent calendar time. Step 3: creation of stream-lined process flows, currently underway. Members from the CALGB and the Vanderbilt Center for Management Research in Healthcare (cmrhc.org) will spend 2 days creating a process to significantly reduce the time and the number of steps to opening a trial. Results: A total of 13 Phase III studies were activated during the 3 years study period. 372 processes are required to open a Phase III at CALGB, which include 314 work steps, 43 major decision points. Interesting, most of the decision points (63%) are external to CALGB. There are 23 processing loops that require repeating processes. The process map, which lists all processes, is a chart 243.5” × 41 in 8 pt font (or about the length of a 20 passenger bus). Median calendar days to activate a Phase III study at CALGB is 767 days (min = 488, max = 1,441). The three functions requiring the greatest median days are protocol development (477), forms development (434), and regulatory affairs (350). Conclusion: It can require years to open a Phase III study at a major cooperative oncology group. Using process redesign techniques, we expect to be able to significantly streamline the process. Support provided by the NCI. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Fallavollita, F., and A. Ugolini. "NEW METHODOLOGIES FOR THE DOCUMENTATION OF FORTIFIED ARCHITECTURE IN THE STATE OF RUINS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-5/W1 (May 16, 2017): 411–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-5-w1-411-2017.
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Fortresses and castles are important symbols of social and cultural identity providing tangible evidence of cultural unity in Europe. They are items for which it is always difficult to outline a credible prospect of reuse, their old raison d'être- namely the military, political and economic purposes for which they were built- having been lost. In recent years a Research Unit of the University of Bologna composed of architects from different disciplines has conducted a series of studies on fortified heritage in the Emilia Romagna region (and not only) often characterized by buildings in ruins. The purpose of this study is mainly to document a legacy, which has already been studied in depth by historians, and previously lacked reliable architectural surveys for the definition of a credible as well as sustainable conservation project. Our contribution will focus on different techniques and methods used for the survey of these architectures, the characteristics of which- in the past- have made an effective survey of these buildings difficult, if not impossible. The survey of a ruin requires, much more than the evaluation of an intact building, reading skills and an interpretation of architectural spaces to better manage the stages of documentation and data processing. Through a series of case studies of fortified buildings in ruins, we intend to describe the reasons that guided the choice of the methods and tools used and to highlight the potentials and the limits of these choices in financial terms.
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Izsák, Beatrix, Tamás Szentimrey, Mónika Lakatos, Rita Pongrácz, and Olivér Szentes. "Creation of a representative climatological database for Hungary from 1870 to 2020." Időjárás 126, no. 1 (2022): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.28974/idojaras.2022.1.1.
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Climate studies, particularly those that are related to climate change, require long, high-quality controlled data sets, which are representative both spatially and temporally. Changing the conditions of measurements, for example relocating the station, or changing the frequency and timing of measurements, or changing the instruments used can cause breaks in the time series. To avoid these problems, data errors and inhomogeneities are eliminated and the data gaps are filled by using the MASH (Multiple Analysis of Series for Homogenization, Szentimrey, 1999, 2008) homogenization procedure. The Hungarian meteorological observation network was upgraded significantly in the last decades. Homogenization of the data series raises the question of how to homogenize long and short data series together within the same process. It is possible to solve this with the MASH method due it has solid mathematical foundations, which make it suitable for such purposes. The solution includes the synchronization of the common parts’ inhomogeneities within three (or more) different MASH processing of the three (or more) datasets with different lengths depending on the time periods and elements. After the homogenization process, the station data series were interpolated to a 0.1 degree regular grid covering the whole area of Hungary. The MISH (Meteorological Interpolation based on Surface Homogenized Data Basis; Szentimrey and Bihari, 2007) program system was used for this purpose. The MISH procedure was developed specifically for the interpolation of various meteorological elements. In the case of mean temperature, we also renewed the MISH modeling, as compared to previous years, the number of homogenized stations doubled due to the new work, so it was expedient to model the climate statistical parameters with this extended station system. Time series of daily mean temperature and precipitation sum for the period 1870–2020 for Hungary were used in this study. As a result, the longest ever homogenized, gridded daily data sets became available for Hungary. The method described here can also be applied to produce representative datasets for other meteorological elements.
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Czupich, Mariusz, Svetlana KUCHERENKO, and Viacheslav RIZNYK. "CONTEMPORARY CHALLENGES TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF CITIES – THE EXPERIENCE OF POLAND AND UKRAINE." Studia Miejskie 38 (June 1, 2020): 23–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.25167/sm.2176.
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The article reveals the key problems of the development of cities facing modern challenges. The demographic, ecological and financial problems connected with the functioning of modern cities are determined. The range of issues that need to be solved with the purpose of effective development of citiesis clarified. The principles of the functioning of the smart city system due to the continuous processing andupdating of data coming from various information channels are revealed. The key approaches to understanding the main components of the smart city are presented. The perspective of the idea of a smart city was substantiated and comparison of the current state of the smart city concept in Poland and Ukraine was made. The article uses literature studies to define the ideas and challenges of a smart city as well as case studies to present solutions in this field used in Warsaw and Kiev. It turns out that these cities, though they have a great development potential, are based on individual innovations rather than on a coherent strategy. It is particularly visible in Warsaw, where the problem is the lack of integration of activities that are undertaken in a selective manner. A positive fact is the increasing involvement of ICT in the city management process. The added value is the systematic improvement of the quality of public services and the increase in social participation in the process of making public decisions. The latter aspect makes it possible to integrate local society and build trust in public institutions.