Relevant bibliographies by topics / Financial institutions – Poland

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Financial institutions – Poland'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Financial institutions – Poland"

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Adamowicz, Mieczysław, and Tomasz Adamowicz. "The World Financial Crisis and The Polish Economy." Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego 19(34), no. 1 (April 1, 2019): 5–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/prs.2019.19.1.1.

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The subject of the work is to provide an overview of the global financial crisis in the years 2007-2011; its course, symptoms and effects in the world and in Poland. The work presents the causes and the sources of crisis as well as corrective measures taken by governments and financial institutions. The subject literature and information from different national and international financial institutions and organisations were used as a source of research materials and data for analysis. The financial crisis appeared in Poland with some delay and was less intensive than in other developed countries. Anti-crisis measures taken in Poland complied with the recommendations of the European Union and the International Monetary Fund. The measures taken by the Polish central bank concerned the institutional sphere, the manner in which the financial policy worked and how it was pursued, as well as the real sphere of the economy, including especially enterprises, households and public institutions.
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Bayar, Yilmaz, Marius Dan Gavriletea, and Dragoş Păun. "IMPACT OF MOBILE PHONES AND INTERNET USE ON FINANCIAL INCLUSION: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM THE EU POST-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 27, no. 3 (April 13, 2021): 722–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/tede.2021.14508.

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Poverty alleviation has become one of the biggest challenges for many countries and access to financial services is considered to be a key driver of development and economic growth. Finding solutions that can break down barriers that poor people are facing to access formal financial services has become a major concern for researchers, governments, financial institutions. Financial services must reinvent themselves and the adoption of new technology is a crucial key to overhaul their operations and to find innovative solutions to manage customer expectations. The escalation in access and penetration level of mobile phones and the Internet can improve financial inclusion by facilitating easy access to financial services, by providing secure transaction platforms, by reducing transaction costs, by providing a competitive business framework. There has been relatively limited research on the impact of Internet and mobile phones use on financial inclusion, therefore our main purpose was to investigate this linkage in a sample of 11 post-communist countries of the European Union from 1996–2017 using panel cointegration and causality analyses. Firstly, we investigated whether mobile cellular phone subscriptions and the rate of Internet usage affect financial institutions’ access; secondly, we analysed the impact of these variables on financial market access. Results indicate that mobile cellular phone subscriptions positively affect both financial institution access in countries like Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, and Slovenia and financial market access in Bulgaria, Croatia, and Hungary. Also, a negative relationship between mobile cellular phone subscriptions and financial institution access was noticed in the Czech Republic and regarding financial market access in the Czech Republic and Poland. Our findings also indicate both positive and negative relationships between Internet usage rates and financial institutions and financial markets access. By increasing Internet usage we can improve access to financial institutions in Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, and Poland and we can increase financial markets access in Latvia and Slovenia.
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Czerwiński, Bogumił. "The Innovativeness of Financial Institutions in Poland – the Perspectives of the Development." Oeconomia Copernicana 5, no. 1 (March 31, 2014): 79–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/oec.2014.005.

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Financial services which are more and more important part of the economy in developed countries mainly absorbing the innovations are becoming simultaneously important creators of the innovations in the area of marketing and organizational changes. The essence of the innovation in the financial services was introduced in the article. The basic categories of innovations in the financial services were introduced. The analyses of the level of the innovativeness of the financial institutions with the regard of the subjective differentiation were executed on the basis of the statistical data and because of the kinds of the innovation. The basic groups of factors influencing the innovations were identified in the article and were connected with marketing activities on the market of the financial services. The thesis is to conduct some considerations about the continually insufficient level of the innovativeness of the majority of the financial institutions leading their activity in Poland. The identification of the part of innovations and the perspectives of the development of innovativeness in the activity of the financial institutions functioning in Poland is the aim of the research. Certain analyses were executed in this sector given statistical accumulated by GUS in 2009-2011. The objective and the subjective differentiation of the innovation were introduced. It was affirmed that financial services in Poland and in countries throughout Europe are one of the most innovative sections of the economy. Product and process innovations play larger meaning in functioning financial institutions. Research that was carried out showed that among all the enterprises numbered to the Section K-Financial and Insurance Activities (according to the classification PKD GUS) the most innovative are financial institutions belonging to the section 65 – Insurance, reinsurance and pension funding, except compulsory social security. The lower level of innovativeness are characterize however the most numerous among financial institutions enterprises numbered to section 64 – Financial service activities, except insurance and pension funding. On the base of the analysis given, the perspectives of the development of the innovativeness of financial institutions in Poland were introduced.
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Fila, Joanna. "Microfinance institutions in Poland – towards preventing social and financial exclusion." Economic and Environmental Studies 18, no. 46 (June 30, 2018): 531–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.25167/ees.2018.46.4.

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Mioduchowska-Jaroszewicz, Edyta. "The Evaluation of Financial Standing of Medical Institutions in Poland." Engineering Management in Production and Services 9, no. 2 (June 27, 2017): 44–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/emj-2017-0013.

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AbstractThe aim of the article is to identify the criteria and methods for the evaluation of medical institutions. The article uses economic analysis, comparative analysis, and methods of descriptive statistics. The analysis of existing regulations, source materials, and the specific business character of health care entities indicates the need to evaluate these units with particular regard to the criteria such as costs, quality of assets (level of consumption, i.e., wear and tear and modernness), employment, financial liquidity or the level of debt. The results of the study are the basis for the evaluation of the healthcare sector. The value of the article is in showing the direction taken by the evaluation of the financial standing of entities. The ability to use specific criteria and methods of evaluation for health care entities in business practice.
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Korczyc, Aleksandra. "THE IMPACT OF THE GLOBAL ECONOMIC CRISIS ON THE POLAND." Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 9, no. 4 (August 20, 2021): 202–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2021.9428.

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Purpose of the study: This study aims to present the specifics of the global financial crisis, the threats it brings for Poland in the legal sphere, and possible actions to be taken in this area, particularly at the European Union and Poland level. Methodology: The article uses the historical method and the analysis of documents both at the Polish and European Union levels, including laws, regulations, and decisions. Main Findings: The scope of the financial crisis in question and its relatively easy transfer between markets entails the necessity to apply extraordinary remedial actions. Poland, through its participation in the European Union, seems to be relatively well protected against the effects of the financial crisis. However, it needs to undertake further structural reforms, in particular reforms of public finances. Applications of this study: The current study is highly significant for the government of the day in this modern world; the study could be quite effective and meaningful for Higher Education Institutions, government, banks, financial institutions. Novelty/Originality of this study: Description of the essence of the financial crisis, possibilities of its prevention - earlier possibilities of remedial actions at the institutional and legal level, possibilities of obtaining financial support, global analysis of the problem, including its causes.
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Filip, Dariusz. "Market conditions of mutual funds functioning in Poland." Central European Review of Economics & Finance 17, no. 1 (February 28, 2017): 65–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/ceref.2017.004.

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The purpose of the paper is to discuss the structure of financial intermediaries market with particular reference made to mutual funds, and to present the role they have played in the financial sector. Moreover, the study focusses on the presentation of the environment of the mutual funds functioning in Poland, which is possible by comparing the level of assets values in main groups of financial institutions over the long-term perspective. Furthermore, it is essential in the cognitive context to determine the influence of market trends on the popularity of given segments of funds. The analysis has shown that the development of collective investment institutions industry in Poland is incontestable. Even though the mutual funds have gained a relatively strong position on the financial intermediaries market, they clearly give priority to the banking sector institutions. The volume of market shares of main types of funds has changed over time, which could be dependent on capital market factors.
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Trochymiak, Mateusz. "FINANCIAL EDUCATION FOR WELFARE BENEFICIARIES IN POLAND. NECESSITY OR REDUNDANT ACTIVITY?" Polityka Społeczna 22T, no. 1 (tematyczny) (December 31, 2021): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.6416.

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Article discusses issue of professionalization of welfare assistance institutions in Poland in topic of financial education service for beneficiaries. Supporting welfare beneficiaries in making financially reasonable decisions is common practice among developed countries, where massive consumption favors consumer habits, that contribute to fall into poverty trap. Actions taken in aim to raise consumer awareness won’t replace social security institutions but may have positive impact as a preventive measure. Article is based on experiences from the project “Potentials – new forms of social capital in city Przasnysz”.
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Trawiński, Tomasz. "National Academic Conference – Financial Crime in Poland." Studia Historiae Oeconomicae 34, no. 1 (December 1, 2016): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sho-2016-0001.

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Abstract This is a speech by superintendent Tomasz Trawinski, the regional police commander in Poznań, who opened the first of the series of conferences devoted to the history of financial crime in Poland. The present threat of escalating financial crime is not only the concern of the agencies established for fighting this abnormality, but also of other institutions which can potentially be of help in fulfilling this task. In this field, the Polish police is open to new forms of cooperation and one of them is the collaboration with academic and scientific centers.
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Bayar, Yilmaz, Mehmet Hilmi Ozkaya, Laura Herta, and Marius Dan Gavriletea. "Financial Development, Financial Inclusion and Primary Energy Use: Evidence from the European Union Transition Economies." Energies 14, no. 12 (June 18, 2021): 3638. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14123638.

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The main objective of the research is to analyze the impact of financial sector development indicators and financial institutions access on primary energy use based on a sample of European Union transition members over 20 years period (1996–2017) through panel cointegration and causality tests that allow for cross-section dependence. The causality analysis revealed that the direction of the causality among financial development indicators, financial institutions access, and primary energy use varied among the countries. On the other side, panel cointegration coefficients disclosed that the financial development index positively affected the primary energy use, but private credit did not have a significant effect on the primary energy use. Furthermore, financial institutions’ access had a significant negative impact on primary energy use. However, country-level cointegration coefficients indicated that the financial development index positively affected the primary energy use in Bulgaria, Croatia, Czechia, Hungary, and Slovenia, and private credit also had a positive impact on primary energy use in Bulgaria, Czechia, Estonia, Hungary, Lithuania, Poland, and Slovakia, but the effect of financial development index on primary energy use was found to be very higher than that of private credit. Moreover, financial institutions’ access negatively affected the primary energy use in Croatia, Estonia, Hungary, Poland, and Romania.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Financial institutions – Poland"

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MARKIEWICZ, Olga. "Local markets, global rules : different pathways to capital market standardization in Poland and the Czech Republic." Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/25200.

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Examining Board: Professor László Bruszt, European University Institute (Supervisor); Professor Sven Steinmo, European University Institute; Professor Milada Vachudova, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Professor David Levi-Faur, Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
Defence date: 11 December 2012
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digital archive of EUI PhD theses
This thesis seeks to explain the variation in pathways to the convergence with transnational standard in capital market governance in two countries from Central and Eastern Europe / Poland and the Czech Republic. Although markets for shares in these countries are now governed in similar way and in line with transnational principles, their openness to external governance model varied, and they adopted it at different speed and accuracy. While in Poland the transfer of rules was voluntary and preceded the opening of market, the Czechs resisted the standard solutions. This thesis shows that theoretical approaches which focus on the mechanisms of transnational norm taking cannot fully explain why two countries which shared many similarities and were under the influence of the same external actors acted so differently when it came to organizing capital market governance. Membership incentives offered by the European Union were not necessary to elicit convergence in one case and they were not sufficient in another. At the same time transnational capital market community, which diffused capital market governance standards, had a profound effect on one country eliciting deep and sustainable convergence, and negligible impact on another. By distinguishing between different degrees of convergence and focusing on the interplay of domestic and external factors, this thesis finds that variation in the pathways to the adoption of a standard capital market governance regime is a function of domestic vulnerability and external intervention. Vulnerability refers to the constellation of factors, both political and economic, that endanger an elite’s hold on power. External intervention refers to coercive and non-coercive tools of influence used by different types of external actors: the transnational community and transnational hierarchy. This thesis demonstrates that a substantial and sustainable convergence with transnational standards in capital market governance could be attained by both the transnational hierarchy and transnational community, provided that the level of domestic vulnerability is extremely high. When the level of domestic vulnerability is low both types of transnational actors can attain only limited convergence / a situation in which transnational norms are adopted in selective manner, or are fully adopted but not observed.
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Books on the topic "Financial institutions – Poland"

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Lubińska, Teresa. 20 years after: Finance in Poland 1989-2009. Szczecin: Economicus, 2009.

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Nieborak, Tomasz, and Tomasz Sójka. Ustawa o nadzorze nad rynkiem kapitałowym: Komentarz. Warszawa: Lex, a Wolters Kluwer business, 2011.

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Nieborak, Tomasz, and Tomasz Sójka. Ustawa o nadzorze nad rynkiem kapitałowym: Komentarz. Warszawa: Lex, a Wolters Kluwer business, 2011.

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Raczkowski, Konrad. Risk management in the Polish financial system: A systemic approach. Houndmills, Basingstoke Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015.

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Nadzór Komisji Nadzoru Finansowego nad rynkiem kapitałowym w Polsce. Bydgoszcz: Brantam, 2009.

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Gruszewska, Ewa. Instytucje a proces tworzenia kapitału w Polsce: Institutions vs. the process of capital formation in Poland. Białystok: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, 2013.

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Epstein, Rachel. The internationalization of finance and defense in postcommunist Poland. Badia Fiesolana, San Domenico (FI): European University Institute, 2003.

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Epstein, Rachel. The internationalization of finance and defense in postcommunist Poland. San Domenico (FI), Italy: European University Institute, 2003.

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Mirosław, Jaskulski, Powszechna Kasa Oszczędności (Poland). I Oddział w Łodzi., and Muzeum Historii Miasta Łodzi, eds. Z dziejów łódzkich instytucji finansowo-kredytowych. Łódź: Powszechna Kasa Oszczędności, I Oddz. w Łodzi, 1985.

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Monetary reforms and policies in Poland. Göttingen, Germany: T. Gries, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Financial institutions – Poland"

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Miklaszewska, Ewa, and Katarzyna Mikolajczyk. "Sources of Risk and Return in Different Bank Business Models: Comparing Poland with Global Trends." In New Issues in Financial Institutions Management, 219–45. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230299153_13.

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Budner-Iwanicka, Luiza. "Regionální komory veřejného auditu (RIO) jako orgány dohledu a kontroly... nad finančním hospodařením územní samosprávy v Polsku." In Interakce práva a ekonomie, 189–202. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.m210-9934-2021-11.

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The article is devoted to the characteristics of the supervisory and control activities over municipal financial management performed in Poland by regional chambers of audit. Established under the Act of October 7, 1992 on regional chambers of audit, institutions for supervision and control of financial management of local government units started their activity 2.5 years after the restitution of local government in Poland, which was one of the main pillars of the political changes that took place after 1989. Characteristics of the individual competences of regional accounting chambers in relation to supervision over the activities of local government consisting in assessing the legality of legal acts taken by local government units in financial matters, implementing control of their financial management, issuing opinions aimed at assessing the legal and economic effects of financial decisions made by These units, while supporting local government by organizing training courses and conducting ongoing training and informational activities, leads to the conclusion that these institutions are in a special place in the structure of public institutions in Poland.The activity of regional accounting chambers serves the implementation of the principle of restraint and precision of control and supervisory influence in relation to financial management by local government, which, in connection with the principle of subsidiarity, is part of the systemic idea expressed in the Constitution of the Republic of Poland - the idea of real independence of local government in the limits of a decentralized,but uniform state system.
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Kaliszuk, Ewa, and Agata Wancio. "The Investment Development Path in the Context of Poland’s Accession to the European Union and the Global Financial and Economic Crisis." In International Business and Institutions after the Financial Crisis, 109–29. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137367204_8.

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Rutkowska, Izabela. "Banking Institutions in Poland." In Financial Market Restructuring in Selected Central European Countries, 45–67. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429456985-4.

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Bubicz, Marcin. "FinTech a nadzór nad rynkiem finansowym w Polsce. Omówienie wybranych barier regulacyjnych." In FinTech Miscellanea, 78–92. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Sekcja Wydawnicza Wydziału Zarządzania UW, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.7172/978-83-235-5939-9.swwz.13.4.

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The contemporary dynamic development of innovations and new technologies in financial markets (FinTech) forces national and supranational institutions responsible for supervision over financial markets to undertake effective and coordinated actions in the scope of the conducted supervision. The above need is additionally reinforced by the progressive diffusions between individual segments of the financial market and the increase in the number of entities operating in them, including primarily cross-border entities and conglomerates. The Polish Financial Supervision Authority, in cooperation with public institutions and private entities of the broadly understood financial market, actively participated in the work of the Committee for the development of financial innovations (FinTech), the effect of which was the Working Report of this Committee published in April 2021 on the most significant barriers to FinTech market development in Poland. The purpose of this article is to present selected regulatory barriers identified by the aforementioned Committee in the area of legal conditions and the resulting practical barriers to the exercised supervision over the financial market. The article first presents general issues related to the institutional organization of financial market supervision in Poland. Then, the article focuses on the ideas, structure and the work of the Committee for the development of financial innovations (FinTech). Finally, there is an analysis of the selected regulatory barriers identified by the above-mentioned Committee.
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Janovec, Michal, and Anna Jurkowska-Zeidler. "The EU Bank Resolution Framework: Institutional Changes of the Financial Safety Net in Poland and the Czech Republic." In European Financial Law in Times of Crisis of the European Union, 201–14. Ludovika Egyetemi Kiadó, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36250/00749.19.

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In response to the global financial crisis, fundamental changes have been made at the European level to the legal framework of single financial market reg ulation and super vision. One of the significant legal steps was the establishment of a common system of recovery and resolution of failing banks. Within the framework of a systemic approach to the EU financial market, the article illustrates the steps taken towards the implementation of the resolution framework into domestic financial markets of Poland and the Czech Republic. The core content of the article is comparison of the role and location of the Polish and Czech resolution authorities in the architecture of the national safety net. The main aim of the contribution is to confirm or disprove a hypothesis that the legal framework of the resolution is a complementary element of financial safety net at the financial market, making it necessary to redefine the role of individual institutions that form the current system of ensuring financial stability in Poland and the Czech Republic. The scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, and comparison have been employed.
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Janczyk-Strzała, Elżbieta. "Determinants of Controlling in a Non-Public Higher Education Institution in Poland." In Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development, 342–50. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-4639-1.ch027.

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The basis of any business, including non-public Higher Education Institutions (HEIs), is financial security, which is ensured by achieving sufficiently high profits and financial liquidity. Especially in these times, a rapidly changing market, the competition, and the upcoming birth rate forces HEIs to optimize operational and strategic decisions. On one hand, it creates new opportunities for non-public HEIs, but on the other, it is a source of danger for the future of their operations. Therefore, they must not only overcome the difficulties encountered in everyday life but also try to respond to the challenges posed by their environment, demonstrating the special care to ensure the efficiency of their operations. They must not only try to increase the quality of offered services or manage their funds rationally but with equal attention should “invest” in modern management methods and concepts. Through the use of controlling, contemporary non-public HEIs are able to choose an optimum variant of decision facilitating the achievement of their goals. In view of the above, this chapter discusses the special considerations relating to controlling HEIs from the point of view of increasing their effectiveness.
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Piroska, Dóra, and Katalin Mérő. "Managing the Contradictions of Development Finance in the EU’s Eastern Periphery." In The Reinvention of Development Banking in the European Union, 224–52. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198859703.003.0009.

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Eastern members of the European Union have turned to development banks only to a limited extent so far. In this chapter, in order to understand why the “development imagination” of Eastern governments remained restricted, we look at the underlying logics of the national development finance fields. Through the case studies of Hungary and Poland, we uncover marked contradictions within the fields. Initially, development finance was torn between the contradictory logics of neoliberalism and developmentalism, followed by institution-building efforts from the EU that resulted in functioning development banks designed primarily for the EU’s Single Market. Finally, when financial nationalist and authoritarian political parties came to power, development banks came under firm political control, while new development actors appeared. Development banks in Hungary and Poland also exhibit differences in size, structure, and focus that we trace over time. In the end, we argue that today Eastern development banks’ ability to connect, contribute, and benefit from EU structures shows a marked difference from core Member States, one which calls for change in the EU development institutions and policies.
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Poławski, Paweł. "Layering, social risks and manufactured uncertainties in social work in Poland1." In Social Work and the Making of Social Policy, 185–200. Policy Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447349150.003.0012.

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This chapter shows the latent functions and perverse effects of activation policy, conditionality, and related governance reforms implemented on a local level in Poland from the perspective of social workers. The chapter focuses on the consequences of layering processes within welfare state institutions, and how these processes shape the structure of social assistance and affect social work. The analysis is based on qualitative data collected from in-depth interviews with social workers that cover their experiences with the implementation of activation measures that have been modified and adjusted to local realities. The research confirms that orientation toward poverty management is strengthened by the pillarization of organizational structures and financial mechanisms, and that the reforms generate dysfunctions and strengthens uncertainties for both beneficiaries and social workers.
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Grzybowski, Marcin. "Normatywne uwarunkowania działalności informacyjno-sprawozdawczej Ministra Finansów w warunkach pandemii COVID-19 w roku 2020." In Finanse publiczne w sytuacjach kryzysowych: Zagadnienia prawno-finansowe, 121–50. Ksiegarnia Akademicka Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/9788381386289.04.

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The Minister of Finance, as the supreme authority of the governmental administration who is responsible for three departments of the government (budget, public finances, financial institutions), had a significant role in the state’s actions aimed at mitigating the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic in Poland. In the year of 2020 governmental anti-pandemic actions were formulated in the so-called “anti-crisis shields” regulations. Among six of them the Minister of Finance played a key role in shaping the shields no. 4 and 5. Shield no. 4 focused on the assistance with the repayment of interest on loans taken by entrepreneurs affected by the pandemic. Shield no. 5 was aimed at financial support offered to tourism industry and to related branches. The Minister of Finance also played a significant role in regard to the functioning of the NHF. Although the NHF’s financial plan for 2020 was developed in pre-pandemic period, the Minister of Finance guaranteed the availability of medical services and provided an inflow of additional funds for such, as well as for the vaccinations, while conducting an intensified control over the expenditure of funds for such.
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Conference papers on the topic "Financial institutions – Poland"

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RAKOWSKA, Joanna, and Jarosław GOŁĘBIEWSKI. "EU REGIONAL POLICY SUPPORT FOR BIOENERGY SECTOR IN POLAND IN 2007-2013 (2015)." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.196.

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The EU faces increasing climate, social and economic challenges resulting among others from the negative effects of using fossil fuels. Bioeconomy with its flagship bioenergy sub-sector is meant the key remedy for this situation. That is why the growth of bioenergy production has been promoted and supported in EU financial perspective of 2007-2013 by allocating regional policy funds to strengthen bioenergy sub-sector under operational programs in eligible member states. As Poland has increasing needs to develop bioenergy sector and has been the biggest beneficiary of EU regional policy funds the aim of the paper was to investigate on the main effects of investments in bioenergy sub-sector under operational programmes 2007-2013. The study was based on SIMIK data from the Ministry of Regional Development as of December 31, 2015 and Local Data Bank of the Central Statistical Office of Poland. Qualitative and quantitative analysis show that beneficiaries carried out 80 bioenergy projects of 1442,8 mln PLN total value, including 30,4% EU co-funding under Operational Programme Infrastructure and Environment and 14 Regional Operational Programmes. These bioenergy investments resulted mainly in construction and modernization of biomass power plants, of which nearly 50% where agricultural ones as well as in constructing new and expanding already existing biomass-based heating systems in public institutions. Findings show big regional differentiation of the bioenergy investments: from none in mazovieckie (the biggest NUTS 2 in Poland) and opolskie to cumulation of nearly 33% of bioenergy projects under OPs 2007-2013 in warmińsko-mazurskie. EU co-funding for individual projects ranged from 15% to 85%, however for nearly half of them it was higher than 45%, conditioning realization of the projects fully. Concluding, EU funding was a significant source of financial support for bioenergy sub-sector in Poland, resulting in developing it especially in warmińsko-mazurskie voivodship.
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Pyka, Anna, and Aleksandra Nocoń. "Polish versus European banking sector − characteristics, consolidation, ownership changes." In Contemporary Issues in Business, Management and Economics Engineering. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/cibmee.2019.032.

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Purpose – the main aim of the study is an assessment of the banking sector in Poland, including the size of the sector, banking institutions forming the sector and consolidation processes taking place in the sector against the background of banking sectors in other countries. The paper also indicates ownership changes as a consequence of consolidation processes in the banking sectors after the global financial crisis of 2008−2012. Research methodology – the following research methods were used: cause and effect analysis, comparative analysis, case studies, observation method, secondary data analysis, and synthesis method. Findings – the research allowed to find out that the banking sector in Poland is growing at a rate significantly exceeding the growth rate in other European countries. However, rapid development does not mean a radical increase in the importance of this sector in Europe. Concentration ratios of the Polish banking sector show continuous but slight increases, although their level is still quite low compared to other European Union countries. Moreover, in Poland, a decreasing number of banks, observed in recent years, reduces a share of foreign investors in the structure of the sector. This means a high activity of domestic investors in taking over bank capital. Research limitations – the main research limitation is that the study mainly focuses on changes as well as comparative analysis of the concentration ratio (CR5). While further research should be expanded by more measures to compare ownership structure and the profitability of Polish and the European Unionʼs banking sectors. Practical implications – the results might be useful for central banks and supervisory authorities when it comes to their role in changes in the ownership structure of banking sectors. Originality/Value – the main value of the article is the in-depth analysis of the ownership structure of the Polish banking sector in the background of the European ones
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3

Pejović, Aleksandar-Andrija. "“WOULD MONEY MAKE A DIFFERENCE?”: HOW EFFECTIVE CAN THE RULE-OF-LAW-BASED PROTECTION OF FINANCIAL INTERESTS IN THE EU STRUCTURAL AND ENLARGEMENT POLICY BE?" In EU 2021 – The future of the EU in and after the pandemic. Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/eclic/18362.

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In recent years, the rule of law and, especially, its “proper” implementation has become one of the most debated topics in Europe in recent years. The “Big Bang Enlargement” marked the beginning of dilemmas whether the new EU Member States fulfil the necessary rule of law criteria and opened the way for divergent views on how to implement TEU Article 2 values in practice. Furthermore, constant problems and difficulty of the candidate countries to fulfil the necessary rule of law criteria added to the complexity of the problem. In turn, the European institutions have tried to introduce a series of mechanisms and procedures to improve the oversight and make the states follow the rules - starting from the famous Treaty on the European Union (TEU) Article 7, the Rule of Law Mechanism, annual reports on the rule of law and the most recent Conditionality Regulation. The Conditionality Regulation was finally adopted in December 2020 after much discussion and opposition from certain EU Member States. It calls for the suspension of payments, commitments and disbursement of instalments, and a reduction of funding in the cases of general deficiencies with the rule of law. On the other hand, similar provisions were laid out in the February 2020 enlargement negotiation methodology specifying that in the cases of no progress, imbalance of the overall negotiations or regression, the scope and intensity of pre-accession assistance can be adjusted downward thus descaling financial assistance to candidate countries. The similarities between the two mechanisms, one for the Member States, the other for candidate countries shows an increased sharing of experiences and approaches to dealing with possible deficiencies or breaches of the rule of law through economic sanctioning, in order to resolve challenges to the unity of the European union. The Covid-19 pandemic and the crisis it has provoked on many fronts has turned the attention of the Member States (i.e. the Council) away from the long running problematic issues. Consequently, the procedures against Poland and Hungary based on the Rule of Law Mechanism have slowed down or become fully stalled, while certain measures taken up by some European states have created concerns about the limitations of human rights and liberties. This paper, therefore, analyses the efforts the EU is making in protecting the rule of law in its Member States and the candidate countries. It also analyses the new focus of the EU in the financial area where it has started to develop novel mechanisms that would affect one of the most influential EU tools – the funding of member and candidate countries through its structural and enlargement policy. Finally, it attempts to determine and provide conclusions on the efficiency of new instruments with better regulated criteria and timing of activities will be and how much they would affect the EU and its current and future member states.
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ÖZTÜRK, YUSUF KEMAL, and Selami Sedat Akgöz. "European Union’s Expansion and Globalization Strategies: A Special Investigation on Poland." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c03.00503.

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During the development process, particularly Middle and Eastern European Countries have increasingly integrated into the Union economy while parliaments, governments, public and private sectors have put forth significant effort to prepare for membership to European Union. European Union, on the other hand, prepared a financial framework in 1989 to actively support such efforts. Thus the Union financial and institutional regulations were realized to finance the process of transition to market economy. In this regard, Poland has quickly completed the necessary steps for harmonization and accelerated its efforts towards this goal. Following the radical change Poland experienced after 1989, the process of democratization and transition to open market economy. In our study we compared and investigated Poland economic and political situation before joining European Union, with the developments during the harmonization process and its economic structure today. In this process, it will be appropriate to take a look at Poland recent political and economic life as well as the reasons as to why Poland is an important state for Europe.
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