Journal articles on the topic 'Financial futures Australia'
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Campbell, Leith H., and Johanna Mithen. "Broadband Futures Forum: Affordability of Broadband Services." Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy 9, no. 4 (December 19, 2021): 127–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.18080/jtde.v9n4.468.
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On 25 August 2021, TelSoc hosted the ninth Broadband Futures Forum, held online, to discuss the affordability of broadband services in Australia. A panel of four speakers, drawn from broadband providers and social policy advocates, outlined their experiences with affordability and digital inclusion. Discussion following the speeches ranged over the topics of a broad social policy response, the definition of affordability in relation to financial hardship, the provision of public Wi-Fi, and the availability of suitable devices.
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Vickers, Margaret H. "Financial turning points and transitions for people with multiple sclerosis: Towards sustainable employment outcomes." Journal of Management & Organization 18, no. 3 (May 2012): 346–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1833367200000845.
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AbstractPeople with disability experience significant levels of economic disadvantage potentially resulting in their poverty, social exclusion and dependence on welfare. Low labour participation rates are a large contributor to such economic and social exclusion. This study was conducted in Australia where 45% of people with disability are living at or below the poverty line. Within this context, this article first defines and examines the constructs of Financial Turning Points and Financial Transitions experienced by people with disability, an area not previously examined in the literature. Then, a collective case study is presented portraying the experiences of Financial Turning Points and Financial Transitions for people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Concluding remarks are directed towards the need to critically re-evaluate ways of thinking about work to enable people with disability to remain productive participants in employment, to better facilitate of their financial futures.
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Vickers, Margaret H. "Financial turning points and transitions for people with multiple sclerosis: Towards sustainable employment outcomes." Journal of Management & Organization 18, no. 3 (May 2012): 346–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5172/jmo.2012.18.3.346.
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AbstractPeople with disability experience significant levels of economic disadvantage potentially resulting in their poverty, social exclusion and dependence on welfare. Low labour participation rates are a large contributor to such economic and social exclusion. This study was conducted in Australia where 45% of people with disability are living at or below the poverty line. Within this context, this article first defines and examines the constructs of Financial Turning Points and Financial Transitions experienced by people with disability, an area not previously examined in the literature. Then, a collective case study is presented portraying the experiences of Financial Turning Points and Financial Transitions for people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Concluding remarks are directed towards the need to critically re-evaluate ways of thinking about work to enable people with disability to remain productive participants in employment, to better facilitate of their financial futures.
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Holdaway, Marcelle. "Field work in potential gas fields, middle ground or war zone: enhancing accountability by shining a light on difference." foresight 20, no. 1 (March 12, 2018): 84–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/fs-07-2017-0036.
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Purpose As a key element of corporate accountability, social and environmental accounting (SEA) has failed to yield significant results in terms of firms embracing goals other than financial profitability. Influenced by the work of critical accountants on dialogic accounting, the study rejects binary frameworks and aims to contribute to an essential element of SEA, stakeholder engagement. Design/methodology/approach Business concerned with unconventional gas (UCG) extraction was chosen from numerous vehicles suited to examining multiple views on contested issues. The research explores perspectives expressed by community, while also including perspectives of one gas firm. Research is viewed through the lens of critical futures theory and methodology causal layered analysis (CLA) in the analysis of the interviews at the case study site in Australia. In addition, to broaden the understanding of “accountability”, participants captured their own views through images that they interpreted in the interviews. This methodology is known as photovoice. Findings Findings suggest that CLA enables access to multiple, complex and nuanced perspectives and various ways of knowing, some of which are less conscious. Research limitations/implications Accessing multiple perspectives, including marginalized voices, gives rise to the potential to then collaboratively develop a more inclusive set of solutions to critically examine, and the CLA methodology appears to provide a fuller story, address “blindness” and enable a clearer “seeing”. This suggests access to new understandings. These two potentials should be further explored through follow up research. Practical implications This practice-based methodology involving civil society could provide SEA accounting practitioners with a greater range of possibilities; they would therefore benefit from incorporating “CLA thinking” as a basis in developing a pluralist, democratic and transformative approach to stakeholder engagement. Social implications The study is an initial contribution in an ambitious task of democratizing accounting and accountability. Originality/value The study addresses a gap in accounting and accountability research by applying a critical futures theory and a practice-based method.
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Brooks, Robert D., and Paul S. Michaelides. "Autocorrelations, returns and Australian financial futures." Applied Economics Letters 2, no. 10 (October 1995): 323–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/758518980.
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Kim, Sangbae, Francis In, and Christopher Viney. "Modelling Linkages Between Australian Financial Futures Markets." Australian Journal of Management 26, no. 1 (June 2001): 19–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/031289620102600102.
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Xiang, Dong, and Andrew C. Worthington. "The impact of government financial assistance on the performance and financing of Australian SMEs." Accounting Research Journal 30, no. 4 (November 6, 2017): 447–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/arj-04-2014-0034.
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Purpose This paper aims to examine the impact of government financial assistance provided to Australian small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Design/methodology/approach This study uses firm-level panel data on more than 2,000 SMEs over a five-year period from the Business Longitudinal Database compiled by the Australian Bureau of Statistics. The authors measure the impact of government financial assistance in terms of subsequent SME performance (income from sales of goods and services and profitability) and changes in the availability of alternative nongovernment finance. Findings The authors find government financial assistance helps SMEs improve performance over and above the effects of conventional financing. They also find than the implicit guarantee effect signalled by a firm receiving government financial assistance suggests firms are more likely to obtain nongovernment finance in the future. Control factors that significantly affect SME performance and finance availability include business size, the level of innovation, business objectives and industry. Research limitations/implications Nearly all of the responses in the original survey data are qualitative, so we are unable to assess how the strength of these relationships varies by the levels of assistance, income and profitability. The measure of government financial assistance of the authors is also general in that it includes grants, subsidies and rebates from any Australian Government organisation, so we are unable to comment on the impact of individual federal, state or local government programmes. Practical implications Government financial assistance helps SMEs improve both immediate and future performance as measured by income and profitability. This could be because government financial assistance quickly overcomes the financial constraints endemic in SMEs. Government financial assistance also helps SMEs obtain nongovernment finance in the future. The authors conjecture that this is because it overcomes some of the information opaqueness of SMEs. Originality/value Few studies focus on the impact of direct government financial assistance compared with indirect assistance as typical in credit guarantee schemes. The authors use a very large and detailed data set on Australian SMEs to undertake the analysis.
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Ahern, Susannah, Sue Evans, Ingrid Hopper, and John Zalcberg. "Towards a strategy for clinical quality registries in Australia." Australian Health Review 43, no. 3 (2019): 284. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah17201.
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The healthcare value of Australian clinical quality registries (CQRs) has recently been highlighted by the Australian Commission of Safety and Quality in Health Care (ACSQHC) as being similar to the benefits of CQRs reported internationally. However, the development of CQRs in Australia is currently limited by a lack of coordination and strategic planning, leading to governance and funding processes that are varied and non-sustainable. Despite this, Australia has achieved recognised success with exemplar clinical registries where funding has been sustained at least partly by public funds. To this end, Australia can learn from international CQR governance and funding models to support CQR sustainability, most notably those from European and Scandinavian countries. Further, following the release of the ACSQHC’s prioritised domains for CQRs and anticipated funding from the Medical Research Future Fund, the ACSQHC is well positioned to lead a national strategic approach for clinical registries. Together with medical leadership and engagement, operational and data management support from the jurisdictions and financial support from both the public and private sectors, a prioritised and coordinated approach may soon become a reality.
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Kelly, J. E., J. C. Quinn, P. Loukopoulos, J. C. Broster, K. Behrendt, and L. A. Weston. "Seed contamination in sheep: new investigations into an old problem." Animal Production Science 58, no. 8 (2018): 1538. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an17771.
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Seed contamination significantly affects production capacity and animal welfare in Australian sheep flocks and causes considerable financial loss to producers and processors across sheepmeat value chains. Seven grass-weed species contribute to seed contamination in Australia, with barley grass (Hordeum spp.) identified as a key perpetrator. Herbicide resistance and variable dormancy emerging in southern Australian barley grass populations are thought to enhance its capacity for successful pasture invasion, further exacerbating the potential for seed contamination in sheep. The present article reviews the current literature regarding the impact and incidence of seed contamination on sheepmeat production, with particular reference to key grass-weed species prevalence across Australia. Data are presented on a recent incidence of carcass contamination across years, where incidence varied between 11% and 80% from 2009 to 2013, contracting to between 2% and 60% during 2014 and 2015. Key areas requiring future research are defined. Understanding the biology of key grass weeds, historical influences and economic consequences associated with seed contamination in sheep may assist in defining future risks to sheep production and improve weed management. Furthermore, examining more recent data describing the current status of seed contamination across Australia and the associations with causal weed species may aid the development of critical weed-management strategies in highly infested regions, subsequently limiting the extent of future seed contamination.
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Ward, Tim M., David C. Smith, Rod Lukatelich, Rob Lewis, Gavin A. Begg, and Rochelle Smith. "INTEGRATED APPROACH TO ECOLOGICAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC RESEARCH TO SUPPORT THE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY: THE GREAT AUSTRALIAN BIGHT COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH SCIENCE PROGRAM." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2014, no. 1 (May 1, 2014): 2193–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2014.1.2193.
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ABSTRACT BP is investing $A1.43B and drilling four exploratory wells in the hope of discovering a new deep-water oil and gas province in the Great Australia Bight (GAB). The GAB is one of Australia's most valuable marine ecosystems. It supports globally significant populations of seabirds and marine mammals, diverse and endemic benthic assemblages and important fishing, aquaculture and ecotourism industries. Two research agencies (CSIRO, South Australian Research and Development Institute) and two universities (University of Adelaide, Flinders University of South Australia) recently entered into a collaborative research partnership with BP Australia to undertake an integrated study of the ecological processes and socio-economic importance of the GAB. Uniquely, this four year $20M research program is being undertaken during the exploration phase and conducted as a single integrated program. The Research Program is comprised of seven themes: physical oceanography; pelagic ecosystem and environmental drivers; benthic biodiversity; ecology of iconic and apex predators; petroleum geology and geochemistry; socio-economic values; and data integration and ecosystem modelling. Sixteen inter-related projects are being undertaken by some of Australia's leading marine scientists and will involve at least seven post-graduate Ph.D. students. Scientific quality assurance is provided by a review process that involves an Independent Science Panel and BP's international Subject Matter Experts. Ecological data collected during the study will be publically available. Findings will be presented to stakeholders and regulators and published in technical reports and scientific papers throughout the course of the program. The program is one of the few whole of system studies ever undertaken in Australia and is the first large-scale, integrated study of the ecosystems, resources and socio-economic values of the GAB. The approach has several advantages over undertaking discrete projects on key issues near the start of the production phase.1)BP Australia's financial contribution has leveraged significant investment from the other partners.2)Establishing baseline environmental conditions during the exploration phase provides the opportunity to conduct temporally replicated analyses of the ecosystem prior to commencement of production, should it occur.3)Engaging with the local scientific community builds on the existing knowledge base and working relationships with stakeholders and will assist the development of relevant local scientific capability.4)An integrated program provides for efficient development and validation of whole of system (i.e. ecological and socio-economic) models that elucidate interconnections among components of the system and can inform decisions regarding future development and predict, monitor and assess potential future impacts.
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Natoli, Riccardo. "Exploratory insights into the financial habits of CALD migrants." International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 35, no. 11/12 (October 12, 2015): 795–811. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijssp-12-2014-0118.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the financial habits and experience of culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) migrants via a case study of first and second wave migrants from the Vietnamese community in Australia. Design/methodology/approach – This paper utilises a qualitative approach through semi-structured interviews. A thematic analysis was adopted when coding the interview data which led to the emergence of identified themes related to financial habits and experience. Findings – The findings reveal that first and second wave migrants shared similar views on seeking professional financial advice, but not on the use of community-based financial schemes. When asked about the potential benefits of attending financial education workshops to inform themselves of financial services, most were unwilling to attend. Research limitations/implications – Although the research targets first and second wave Vietnamese CALD migrants, no claims can be made regarding the representation of CALD migrants as a whole. The research has implications with respect to the perceived necessity of CALD migrants to utilise mainstream financial services. This paper provides recommendations for future research in this area. Originality/value – The paper provides one of the few studies of an Australian CALD migrant cohort with respect to financial habits. The paper also provides an understanding of the cultural barriers and challenges facing this specific cohort of the Vietnamese community in Australia with respect to potentially accessing financial services.
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MacGinley, James, and Brad Calleja. "Financing alternatives in a changing gas landscape." APPEA Journal 54, no. 2 (2014): 516. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj13089.
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In recent years, Australia has gone through an unprecedented expansion in its oil and gas industry. The demand for capital has been enormous and has resulted in some of the largest project debt financings globally. In the coming years, the funding requirement will change dramatically as projects reach completion; become cash-flow positive; and, owners changing their funding structure from project finance debt to lower cost, lower covenant corporate debt. The development of a number of Australia’s largest oil and gas projects during the past five years coincided with a tightening of capital from the traditional project finance market. This lead to the emergence of export credit agency financing as an integral component of project development. During the past year, however, re-capitalisation of global banks are now re-entering the Australian market and are driving competition and increasing liquidity. This extended abstract covers a review of the funding approaches taken on major Australian LNG projects, including lessons from the funding of CSG projects that may be relevant to other new development markets such as shale gas. It also draws on historical lessons of funding new technologies and provide insight about funding of the next wave of LNG development: floating LNG. The National Australia Bank is one of the largest resources project finance banks globally and is well positioned to provide APPEA’s delegates with relevant insight about the future of debt funding in the oil and gas industry.
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Banerjee, Swapan. "A Review on Strategic Analysis of Australian Supermarkets." Journal of Production, Operations Management and Economics, no. 26 (November 8, 2022): 36–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.55529/jpome.26.36.45.
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In Australia, Coles and Woolworths are the two primary participants in the grocery sector. They split about 80% of the whole retail market for groceries. In Sydney, one of Australia's major cities, Woolworths launched new food kiosks in 1924, while Coles opened the country's first supermarket in 1960. Coles and Woolworths consistently share most of the market in the Australian supermarket industry, which is known as a "duopoly." Between Coles and Woolworths and its retailers, there has been an imbalance of market power for the last few decades (suppliers). Numerous studies indicate that Woolworths and Coles conduct business in 840 and 741 supermarkets, respectively, in Australia. However, regardless of the three variables, these essential players can only locate a suitable company in the competitive and non-competitive market. The factors are buying power, selling power, and retail chain. This duopoly, dominated by the two big business groups, can potentially serve each retail product, including ready-to-eat foods, fresh food, and other essential retail products. This short article is concerned with the strategic analysis of the two big players in the Australian market, irrespective of environment, socioeconomic, politics, various usable tools, techniques, rules, and regulations. Swot analysis, the Five force model, value, rarity, imitability, and organization (VRIO) have been reviewed and discussed for both the market leaders. The past, present, and future potentialities also have drawn in the article with the snaky diagram and analytical tables. In conclusion, profit margins are obtained due to successful differentiation, which enables the company to demand even higher prices. Additionally, it promotes customer loyalty, which contributes to the financial stability and growth of the business.
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Banerjee, Swapan. "A Review on Strategic Analysis of Australian Supermarkets." Journal of Production, Operations Management and Economics, no. 26 (November 8, 2022): 36–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.55529/jpome26.36.45.
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In Australia, Coles and Woolworths are the two primary participants in the grocery sector. They split about 80% of the whole retail market for groceries. In Sydney, one of Australia's major cities, Woolworths launched new food kiosks in 1924, while Coles opened the country's first supermarket in 1960. Coles and Woolworths consistently share most of the market in the Australian supermarket industry, which is known as a "duopoly." Between Coles and Woolworths and its retailers, there has been an imbalance of market power for the last few decades (suppliers). Numerous studies indicate that Woolworths and Coles conduct business in 840 and 741 supermarkets, respectively, in Australia. However, regardless of the three variables, these essential players can only locate a suitable company in the competitive and non-competitive market. The factors are buying power, selling power, and retail chain. This duopoly, dominated by the two big business groups, can potentially serve each retail product, including ready-to-eat foods, fresh food, and other essential retail products. This short article is concerned with the strategic analysis of the two big players in the Australian market, irrespective of environment, socioeconomic, politics, various usable tools, techniques, rules, and regulations. Swot analysis, the Five force model, value, rarity, imitability, and organization (VRIO) have been reviewed and discussed for both the market leaders. The past, present, and future potentialities also have drawn in the article with the snaky diagram and analytical tables. In conclusion, profit margins are obtained due to successful differentiation, which enables the company to demand even higher prices. Additionally, it promotes customer loyalty, which contributes to the financial stability and growth of the business.
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Kelly, Veronica. "The Globalized and the Local: Theatre in Australia and Aotearoa/New Zealand Enters the New Millennium." Theatre Research International 26, no. 1 (March 2001): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307883301000013.
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Late in 1999 the Commonwealth of Australia's Department of Communications, Information Technology and the Arts released Securing the Future, the final Report of the Major Performing Arts Enquiry chaired by Helen Nugent (commonly referred to as the Nugent Report). The operations of the committee and the findings of the Report occasioned considerable public debate in the Australian arts world in the late 1990s, as the Enquiry solicited and analysed information and opinion on the financial health and artistic practices of thirty-one national major performing arts companies producing opera, ballet, chamber and orchestral music as well as theatre. The Report saw the financial viability of Australian live performance as deeply affected by the impact of globalization, especially by what elsewhere has been called ‘Baumol's disease’ – escalating technical, administrative and wage costs but fixed revenue – which threaten the subsidized state theatre companies of Brisbane, Adelaide and Perth with their relatively small population bases. The structural implementation recommended a considerable financial commitment by Commonwealth and State Governments to undertake a defined period of stabilizing and repositioning of companies. Early in 2000 both levels of Government committed themselves to this funding – in fact increasing Nugent's requested $52 million to $70 million – and to the principle of a strengthened Australia Council dispensing arms-length subsidy. In an economically philistine political environment, these outcomes are a tribute to Nugent's astute use of economic rhetoric to gain at least a symbolic victory for the performing arts sector. In 2000 New Zealand arts gained a similar major injection of funding, while a commissioned Heart of the Nation report, advocating the dilution of the principle of arm's-length funding through the abolition of the national funding organization Creative New Zealand, was rejected by Prime Minister Helen Clark.
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Brooks, Robert D., and John H. H. Lee. "The stability of ARCH models across Australian financial futures markets." Applied Financial Economics 7, no. 4 (August 1997): 347–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/096031097333466.
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Reddy Yarram, Subba. "Factors influencing on-market share repurchase decisions in Australia." Studies in Economics and Finance 31, no. 3 (July 29, 2014): 255–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sef-02-2013-0021.
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Purpose – The purpose of this study is to examine factors influencing decisions to repurchase shares on-market in Australia. The present study also examines the role of board size, board independence and chief executive officer duality on the decision to repurchase shares on-market by Australian firms. Design/methodology/approach – This study blends the traditional motivations of share repurchases with the influences of governance. The sample consists of all non-financial firms included in the Australian All Ordinaries Index (AOI) for the period 2004-2010. The repurchase sample consists of 104 repurchases undertaken by 62 firms. A probit panel model is used to analyse the decision to repurchase shares on the market. To account for unobserved heterogeneity, random effects panel models are also used. Findings – Analyses of a sample of non-financial firms included in the AOI for the period 2004-2010 show that size is significantly positively correlated with the decision to repurchase shares, thus supporting the agency cost. Findings also support the undervaluation and signalling hypotheses. Similarly, there is evidence in support of the view that firms repurchase shares to reach their target optimal capital structure. The present study also finds a significant positive association between board independence and the decision to repurchase shares in Australia. Research limitations/implications – On-market share repurchases help firms to signal their future growth opportunities and resolve agency conflicts. Signals from repurchases also help markets discover the true fundamental values of firms. Governance plays an important role in improving the effectiveness of on-market share repurchases, as independent directors provide both monitoring and discipline which helps to ensure that firms have valid motivations in undertaking share repurchases. Practical implications – These findings have implications for capital restructuring and governance policies. Principle-based governance frameworks that prevail in countries like Australia work as well as rule-based governance. Originality/value – This study highlights the complementary roles that financial policies and corporate boards play in corporate governance. Independent boards ensure that firms pursue appropriate financial policies that help resolve agency conflicts and information asymmetry problems.
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Holmes, P. R. "Rangeland pastoralism in northern Australia: change and sustainability." Rangeland Journal 37, no. 6 (2015): 609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj15051.
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Australian rangeland pastoralism is now a marginal economic activity. To survive as an industry, it must retain critical mass and to do that, the majority of producers need to be financially sustainable. Significant change has taken place in the past 40 years to facilitate this, but this change appears to have had limited enduring value for much of the industry. The productivity of the average northern rangeland beef herd in absolute terms is poor and is far from being competitive now, let alone in the future. If preservation of the natural resource base is included as a sustainability criterion, the industry outlook becomes even more uncertain. The conundrum is that it has never been more opportune to succeed in rangeland pastoralism, but the evidence is that most producers do not. The conclusion is that the lack of financial literacy and business skill remains the biggest impediment to most pastoralists achieving financial sustainability.
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Choy Flannigan, Alison, and Prue Power. "Health Care Governance: Introduction." Australian Health Review 32, no. 1 (2008): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah080007.
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IN RECOGNITION OF the importance and the complexity of governance within the Australian health care sector, the Australian Healthcare and Hospitals Association has established a regular governance section in Australian Health Review. The aim of this new section is to provide relevant and up-to-date information on governance to assist those working at senior leadership and management levels in the industry. We plan to include perspectives on governance of interest to government Ministers and senior executives, chief executives, members of boards and advisory bodies, senior managers and senior clinicians. This section is produced with the assistance of Ebsworth & Ebsworth lawyers, who are pleased to team with the Australian Healthcare and Hospitals Association in this important area. We expect that further articles in this section will cover topics such as: � Principles of good corporate governance � Corporate governance structures in the public health sector in Australia � Legal responsibilities of public health managers � Governance and occupational health and safety � Financial governance and probity. We would be pleased to hear your suggestions for future governance topics.
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Chew, Derek P., Robert Carter, Bree Rankin, Andrew Boyden, and Helen Egan. "Cost effectiveness of a general practice chronic disease management plan for coronary heart disease in Australia." Australian Health Review 34, no. 2 (2010): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah09742.
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Background.The cost effectiveness of a general practice-based program for managing coronary heart disease (CHD) patients in Australia remains uncertain. We have explored this through an economic model. Methods.A secondary prevention program based on initial clinical assessment and 3 monthly review, optimising of pharmacotherapies and lifestyle modification, supported by a disease registry and financial incentives for quality of care and outcomes achieved was assessed in terms of incremental cost effectiveness ratio (ICER), in Australian dollars per disability adjusted life year (DALY) prevented. Results.Based on 2006 estimates, 263 487 DALYs were attributable to CHD in Australia. The proposed program would add $115 650 000 to the annual national heath expenditure. Using an estimated 15% reduction in death and disability and a 40% estimated program uptake, the program’s ICER is $8081 per DALY prevented. With more conservative estimates of effectiveness and uptake, estimates of up to $38 316 per DALY are observed in sensitivity analysis. Conclusions.Although innovation in CHD management promises improved future patient outcomes, many therapies and strategies proven to reduce morbidity and mortality are available today. A general practice-based program for the optimal application of current therapies is likely to be cost-effective and provide substantial and sustainable benefits to the Australian community. What is known about this topic?Chronic disease management programs are known to provide gains with respect to reductions in death and disability among patients with coronary heart disease. The cost effectiveness of such programs in the Australian context is not known. What does this paper add?This paper suggests that implementing a coronary heart disease program in Australia is highly cost-effective across a broad range of assumptions of uptake and effectiveness. What are the implications for practitioners? These data provide the economic rationale for the implementation of a chronic disease management program with a disease registry and regular review in Australia.
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Shokri-Ghasabeh, Morteza, and Nicholas Chileshe. "Critical factors influencing the bid/no bid decision in the Australian construction industry." Construction Innovation 16, no. 2 (April 4, 2016): 127–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ci-04-2015-0021.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate and rank the critical factors influencing the bid/no bid criteria and their importance in the Australian construction industry. Design/methodology/approach The research study has been undertaken by conducting an extensive literature review on bid/no bid decision-making criteria. As a result, the researchers identified 26 most common bid/no bid decision-making criteria that are accordingly grouped into five distinct categories, namely, “project”, “market”,“contractor”, “client” and “contract”. The literature review was followed by a national survey that was designed and utilised by the researchers to collect data for this purpose. The survey was sent to potential 450 Australian construction companies in various locations and responses were received from 81 Australian construction companies. Response data were subjected to descriptive and inferential statistics. Kruskal Wallis one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to detect significant differences between the mean score grouped according to the organisation size (contract value). Findings The descriptive and empirical analysis demonstrated a disparity of ranking of the 26 bid/no bid criteria factors among the groups; however no statistically significant differences among the 26 bid/no criteria factors despite the absolute differences in the rankings and mean scores in the following four factors: (1) “bidding condition”, (2) “strength/weaknesses”, (3) “contract payment terms” and (4) “number of competitors/bidders”. Based on the overall sample, the highly ranked four factors were “client financial capability”, “project risk”, “project future benefits and profitability” and “number of competitors/bidders”. The following were the least ranked: “contractors’ financial situation”, “project duration” and “contractors’ material availability”. “Client financial capability”and “project risk” were jointly ranked as the most important by large, whereas “client financial capability” was also rated highly for smaller Australian construction contractors (ACCs). The medium ACCs had “project risk”as highly ranked. Research limitations The majority of the participants were small construction contractors in Australia. The reason is that the researchers were not aware of the contractors’ size prior to inviting them for participation in the research study. Second, the findings may not generalise to other industries or to organisations operating in other countries. Practical implications The identified “bid/no bid criteria” increase the awareness of existing decision-making practices and play a critical role in the future decisions of the construction companies, where decision makers need to evaluate the next opportunities encountered. Furthermore, knowledge and possession of these identified “bid/no bid” criteria would enable contractors to select a project with a higher probability of success in the future, which will accordingly result in long-term financial benefits and higher performance. Finally, the awareness of these factors could contribute to changing the contractor’s behaviours when bidding in a competitive environment or market conditions. Originality/value The study contributes to the body of knowledge on tendering and bidding practices among contractors in Australia, an area previously under explored. Second, this study provides some insights on the factors influencing the bid/no bid decisions among the ACCs.
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Campbell, Ian. "30 Years After Launch." Australian Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy 5, no. 1 (March 5, 2017): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.18080/ajtde.v5n1.87.
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This year is the 30th anniversary of Telecom Australia's launch of the cellular mobile service in Australia. There has been a huge evolution in mobile services since then.The Postmaster-General's Department (PMG) introduced a manually (operator) connected mobile service in Australia in 1950. As this service approached full capacity, Telecom launched a Public Automatic Mobile Telephone Service (PAMTS) in 1981. The PAMTS service had no future technology evolution, a 12 year life, and reached a peak of 14,000 customers.By 1985 a small engineering team had developed a cellular mobile service concept based on the Analogue Mobile Phone Service (AMPS ) standard. Development was accelerated and refined and the service was launched in 1987, arguably two and perhaps three years late.This is the story of the development and launch of the service and the growth over the first four years to 1991.Noting the experience of cellular operators in the USA, Canada and the UK, Telecom's mobile service concept was a "gold standard" for cellular services around the world, and the service achieved one of the fastest growth rates in its early years.Within four years it was a cash flow powerhouse, and one of only three services within Telecom that were profitable; the others were the basic telephone service and directory publishing.When transferred to Telstra in 1992 it was a strategically strong, highly profitable business prepared to defend against competition being introduced into the Australian telecommunications market, and was a foundation of Telstra's financial strength for the next 30 years.
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Campbell, Ian. "30 Years After Launch." Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy 5, no. 1 (March 5, 2017): 4–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.18080/jtde.v5n1.87.
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This year is the 30th anniversary of Telecom Australia's launch of the cellular mobile service in Australia. There has been a huge evolution in mobile services since then.The Postmaster-General's Department (PMG) introduced a manually (operator) connected mobile service in Australia in 1950. As this service approached full capacity, Telecom launched a Public Automatic Mobile Telephone Service (PAMTS) in 1981. The PAMTS service had no future technology evolution, a 12 year life, and reached a peak of 14,000 customers.By 1985 a small engineering team had developed a cellular mobile service concept based on the Analogue Mobile Phone Service (AMPS ) standard. Development was accelerated and refined and the service was launched in 1987, arguably two and perhaps three years late.This is the story of the development and launch of the service and the growth over the first four years to 1991.Noting the experience of cellular operators in the USA, Canada and the UK, Telecom's mobile service concept was a "gold standard" for cellular services around the world, and the service achieved one of the fastest growth rates in its early years.Within four years it was a cash flow powerhouse, and one of only three services within Telecom that were profitable; the others were the basic telephone service and directory publishing.When transferred to Telstra in 1992 it was a strategically strong, highly profitable business prepared to defend against competition being introduced into the Australian telecommunications market, and was a foundation of Telstra's financial strength for the next 30 years.
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Price, Anna M. H., Anna Zhu, Huu N. J. Nguyen, Diana Contreras-Suárez, Natalie Schreurs, Jade Burley, Kenny D. Lawson, et al. "Study protocol for the Healthier Wealthier Families (HWF) pilot randomised controlled trial: testing the feasibility of delivering financial counselling to families with young children who are identified as experiencing financial hardship by community-based nurses." BMJ Open 11, no. 5 (May 2021): e044488. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044488.
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IntroductionPoverty and deprivation can harm children’s future health, learning, economic productivity and societal participation. The Australian Healthier Wealthier Families project seeks to reduce the childhood inequities caused by poverty and deprivation by creating a systematic referral pathway between two free, community-based services: universal, well-child nursing services, which provide health and development support to families with children from birth to school entry, and financial counselling. By adapting the successful Scottish ‘Healthier Wealthier Children’ model, the objectives of this Australian pilot are to test the (1) feasibility of systematising the referral pathway, and (2) short-term impacts on household finances, caregiver health, parenting efficacy and financial service use.Methods and analysisThis pilot randomised controlled trial will run in three sites across two Australian states (Victoria and New South Wales), recruiting a total of 180 participants. Nurses identify eligible caregivers with a 6-item, study-designed screening survey for financial hardship. Caregivers who report one or more risk factors and consent are randomised. The intervention is financial counselling. The comparator is usual care plus information from a government money advice website. Feasibility will be evaluated using the number/proportion of caregivers who complete screening, consent and research measures, and access financial counselling. Though powered to assess feasibility, impacts will be measured 6 months post-enrolment with qualitative interviews and questionnaires about caregiver-reported income, loans and costs (adapted from national surveys, for example, the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia Survey); health (General Health Questionnaire 1, EuroQol five-dimensional questionnaire, Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale short-form); efficacy (from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children); and financial service use (study-designed) compared between arms.Ethics and disseminationEthics committees of the Royal Children’s Hospital (HREC/57372/RCHM-2019) and South West Sydney Local Health District (2019/ETH13455) have approved the study. Participants and stakeholders will receive results through regular communication channels comprising meetings, presentations and publications.Trial registration numberACTRN12620000154909; prospectively registered. Pre-results.
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Miles, Morgan P., Martie-Louise Verreynne, Andrew McAuley, and Kevin Hammond. "Exploring public universities as social enterprises." International Journal of Educational Management 31, no. 3 (April 10, 2017): 404–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijem-07-2015-0097.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore how universities attempt to balance meeting their traditional mission of education, research and community engagement while remaining economically sustainable. Design/methodology/approach A survey was conducted in 2014 of university executives and found that universities in Australia are rapidly transitioning from public supported institutions to an organizational form much more like social enterprise, with all of the organizational, marketing and ethical ramifications. Findings Australian universities were found to be focused on maintaining financial viability and that the most significant source of future revenue for Australian universities is perceived to be from international students. Originality/value The findings have tremendous public policy and ethical implications – suggesting a shift in the classification of university education from what was generally considered a public good to what is increasingly perceived as a private good in the contemporary market place, with the increasing importance of international students.
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Lyons, David. "Organisation and funding of the Australian Antarctic program." Polar Record 29, no. 170 (July 1993): 225–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247400018532.
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ABSTRACTThe Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions (ANARE) are conducted through the cooperation of various government agencies and research and interest groups. Changes in organisational arrangements since 1946 have reflected the emphasis given to different aspects of Australian Antarctic policy. The Antarctic program is focussed in Hobart, and the lead agency, the Australian Antarctic Division, is currently part of the federal environment portfolio. Australia spent an estimated $A75.7 million on its Antarctic program in the financial year 1991/92, $A67.3 million, or 89%, of which was channelled through the Antarctic Division. The'disposable budget'for research activities has remained relatively static in real terms during the past decade. The consolidation of expenditure through the Antarctic Division and the program approach to budgeting now provide some degree of breakdown of the total expenditure, identify the large sums spent on infrastructure and technology support, and quantify the high threshold cost of research in Antarctica. It remains to be seen what effect the changes in national policies, such as the decision to ban mining in Antarctica, and geopolitical developments will have on future levels of funding.
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BROOKS, ROBERT D. "A SOCIAL LOSS APPROACH TO TESTING THE EFFICIENCY OF AUSTRALIAN FINANCIAL FUTURES." Australian Economic Papers 30, no. 57 (December 1991): 192–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8454.1991.tb00539.x.
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Hudson, M., and C. Arabatzoudis. "Meeting Melbourne's future demand for water using aquifer storage and recovery." Water Practice and Technology 12, no. 4 (December 1, 2017): 909–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2017.080.
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Abstract Melbourne is one of the fastest growing cities in Australia. City West Water (CWW) has developed an Integrated Water Cycle Management (IWCM) Strategy which includes the development of aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) schemes to store recycled water and storm water to assist with meeting future growth, where these schemes can be demonstrated to be viable and cost effective. The investigation and delivery of ASR projects by CWW is being undertaken in accordance with Australian guidelines, which set out a staged process for developing a scheme involving the use of recycled water. Detailed investigations into the Tertiary sand aquifer, including drilling, test pumping, injection testing, and groundwater and hydrochemical modelling, were used to inform the assessment process. These investigations have confirmed the viability of ASR at the lead site (West Werribee) following a risk-based multi-stage approach with increasing levels of assessment and financial commitment. An ASR scheme has now been constructed at West Werribee with injection trials proposed at a second site. This paper describes the staged investigation process, the key outcomes to date of CWW's investigations, the opportunities that ASR could enable, and the challenges of implementing ASR at CWW.
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Parker, Lee D. "Australian universities in a pandemic world: transforming a broken business model?" Journal of Accounting & Organizational Change 16, no. 4 (October 14, 2020): 541–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jaoc-07-2020-0086.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to critique the accounting and financial orientation of Australian universities’ business model to identify the future university financial management and accounting role in universities’ strategic trajectory responding to COVID-19. Design/methodology/approach Informed by Habermasian perspectives on change, it uses published research into university commercialisation and media commentaries on COVID-19 impacts. Findings Australian universities have aggressively pursued an accounting-based private sector business model. Their revenue generating reliance on international student revenues has been undermined by the COVIS-19 crisis. Nonetheless, university management clings to their commercialised university identity and role colonised by the accounting structures. Fundamental change requires a reversal of this relationship. Research limitations/implications Future research must observe and evaluate university strategic crisis reactions and their impacts on national and societal well-being with a view to identifying alternative futures. Practical implications Universities face decisions concerning their ongoing role in society and their future approach to balancing operational strategies and the accounting influence. Social implications This study raises the issue of whether universities should continue being seen as an export industry supporting the national economy or as knowledge, educational and social resource for their national and regional communities. Originality/value This paper integrates research into universities over several decades into a strategic critique of their current reaction to an unprecedented global pandemic.
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LU, XINSHENG, FRANCIS IN, and MINGTING KOU. "The High-Frequency Responses of Australian Financial Futures to Unexpected Cash Rate Announcements." Economic Record 85 (September 2009): S22—S28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4932.2009.00585.x.
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Hanusch, Folker, Katrina Clifford, Kayt Davies, Peter English, Janet Fulton, Mia Lindgren, Penny O’Donnell, Jenna Price, Ian Richards, and Lawrie Zion. "For the lifestyle and a love of creativity: Australian students’ motivations for studying journalism." Media International Australia 160, no. 1 (August 2016): 101–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x16638894.
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A number of studies have examined why students choose to study journalism at university, but overall, this area is still relatively underexplored. Yet, understanding why students choose journalism, and what career expectations they hold, is important not only for educators but also for wider society and public debates about the future of journalism and the value of tertiary journalism education. This article examines the motivations of 1884 Australian journalism students enrolled across 10 universities. It finds that hopes for a varied lifestyle and opportunities to express their creativity are the most dominant motivations among students. Public service ideals are somewhat less important, while financial concerns and fame are least important. These motivations also find expression in students’ preferred areas of specialisation (referred to in Australia as rounds): lifestyle rounds are far more popular than politics and business rounds or science and development rounds.
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Aulich, Chris. "Airport Privatisation in Australia: A Tale of Three Cities." Applied Finance and Accounting 1, no. 1 (December 16, 2014): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/afa.v1i1.614.
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This article addresses the performance of three Australian airports since they were privatised by divestment. They represent cases of divestment in a monopoly environment, with ownership arrangements for each airport varying markedly. The performances of the divested airports are considered using both financial and non-financial data. There are significant implications for future divestment policies, including the value of divestment as a policy response of governments in less competitive environments, the use of particular infrastructure investment models, and the nature of the linkage between ownership structure and financial performance.
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F. Recher, H. "State of Australia's environment." Pacific Conservation Biology 3, no. 1 (1997): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc970001.
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The Australia: State of the Environment 1996 (SOE) report was released late last year. The preparation of the SOE was overdue and expensive in terms of financial and human resources. On these grounds alone, I expected a report that achieved excellence. I also expected excellence because Australia confronts an uncertain environmental future.
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Deegan, C. M. "ENVIRONMENTAL REPORTING IN AUSTRALIA: THE PAST, THE PRESENT ANDTHE FUTURE." APPEA Journal 40, no. 1 (2000): 617. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj99041.
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This paper provides an overview of Australian environmental reporting. Specifically, the topics to be considered include: a brief consideration of trends in environmental reporting together with an overview of industry initiatives to encourage environmental reporting; an overview of regulation pertaining to environmental reporting; an overview of trends towards the practice of sustainable development reporting with particular reference to triple bottom line reporting; an examination of social accounting and social auditing; an investigation of the linkage between social and environmental reporting and financial accounting; and, projections about the future of social and environmental reporting.
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Schadewaldt, Verena, Sandhya Cherkil, Dilip Panikar, and Katharine J. Drummond. "Quality of life after resection of a meningioma—A cross-cultural comparison of Indian and Australian patients." PLOS ONE 17, no. 9 (September 26, 2022): e0275184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275184.
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Purpose To compare health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and symptom burden following meningioma resection in patients from two samples from Australia and India. This will add to the body of data on the longer-term consequences of living with a meningioma in two socio-economically and culturally different countries. Methods The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Core Quality of Life Questionnaire (QLQ-C30), Brain Neoplasm Module (QLQ-BN20) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were administered to 159 Australian and 92 Indian meningioma patients over 24 months postoperative. A linear mixed model analysis identified differences between groups over time. Results Australian patients reported better physical functioning in the early months after surgery (T1: mean diff: 19.8, p<0.001; T2: mean diff: 12.5, p = 0.016) whereas Indian patients reported better global HRQoL (mean: -20.3, p<0.001) and emotional functioning (mean diff:-15.6, p = 0.020) at 12–24 months. In general, Australian patients reported more sleep and fatigue symptoms while Indian patients reported more gastro-intestinal symptoms over the 2-year follow-up. Future uncertainty and symptoms common for brain tumour patients were consistently more commonly reported by patients in Australia than in India. No differences for depression and anxiety were identified. Conclusion This is the first cross cultural study to directly compare postoperative HRQoL in meningioma patients. Some differences in HRQoL domains and symptom burden may be explained by culturally intrinsic reporting of symptoms, as well as higher care support from family members in India. Although there were differences in some HRQoL domains, clinically meaningful differences between the two samples were less common than perhaps expected. This may be due to an Indian sample with high literacy and financial resources to afford surgery and follow up care.
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Karamujic, Harry M. "Modelling seasonality in Australian building approvals." Construction Economics and Building 12, no. 1 (February 26, 2012): 26–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ajceb.v12i1.2323.
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The paper examines the impact of seasonal influences on Australian housing approvals, represented by the State of Victoria[1] building approvals for new houses (BANHs). The prime objective of BANHs is to provide timely estimates of future residential building work. Due to the relevance of the residential property sector to the property sector as whole, BANHs are viewed by economic analysts and commentators as a leading indicator of property sector investment and as such the general level of economic activity and employment. The generic objective of the study is to enhance the practice of modelling housing variables. In particular, the study seeks to cast some additional light on modelling the seasonal behaviour of BANHs by: (i) establishing the presence, or otherwise, of seasonality in Victorian BANHs; (ii) if present, ascertaining is it deterministic or stochastic; (iii) determining out of sample forecasting capabilities of the considered modelling specifications; and (iv) speculating on possible interpretation of the results. To do so the study utilises a structural time series model of Harwey (1989). The modelling results confirm that the modelling specification allowing for stochastic trend and deterministic seasonality performs best in terms of diagnostic tests and goodness of fit measures. This is corroborated with the analysis of out of sample forecasting capabilities of the considered modelling specifications, which showed that the models with deterministic seasonal specification exhibit superior forecasting capabilities. The paper also demonstrates that if time series are characterized by either stochastic trend or seasonality, the conventional modelling approach[2] is bound to be mis-specified i.e. would not be able to identify statistically significant seasonality in time series.According to the selected modeling specification, factors corresponding to June, April, December and November are found to be significant at five per cent level. The observed seasonality could be attributed to the ‘summer holidays’ and ‘the end of financial year’ seasonal effects. [1] Victoria is geographically the second smallest state in Australia. It is also the second most populous state in Australia. Australia has six states (New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, and Western Australia), and two territories (the Northern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory).[2] A modelling approach based on the assumption of deterministic trend and deterministic seasonality.
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Kleve, Sue, Danielle Gallegos, Stephanie Ashby, Claire Palermo, and Rebecca McKechnie. "Preliminary validation and piloting of a comprehensive measure of household food security in Australia." Public Health Nutrition 21, no. 03 (November 10, 2017): 526–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980017003007.
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AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the psychometric properties, validity and reliability of a newly developed measure of food insecurity, the Household Food and Nutrition Security Survey (HFNSS), among an Australian population.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingMetropolitan areas of Melbourne, Australia, identified as very high, high or medium vulnerability in the 2008 Vulnerability Assessment for Mortgage, Petrol and Inflation Risks and Expenditure index.SubjectsA convenience sample of 134 adults (117 females and fifteen males, aged over 18 years).ResultsRasch modelling and factor analysis identified four items for exclusion. The remaining items yielded excellent reliability among the current sample and assessed three underlying components: the adult experience of food insecurity (component one), initial/periodic changes to children’s food intakes (component two) and progressive/persistent decreases in children’s food intakes (component three). Compared with the widely used US Department of Agriculture Food Security Survey Module, the HFNSS identified a significantly higher proportion of food insecurity; this is likely due to the HFNSS’s identification of food insecurity due to reasons other than (and including) limited financial access.ConclusionsThe HFNSS may be a valid and reliable tool for the assessment of food insecurity among the Australian population and provides a means of assessing multiple barriers to food security beyond poor financial access (which has been identified as a limitation of other existing tools). Future research should explore the validity and reliability of the tool among a more representative sample, as well as specifically among vulnerable population subgroups.
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Moore, David R. J., and Nick Sciulli. "Sustainable Development Goal Disclosures within Australian Superannuation Funds: An Exploratory Study." Australasian Business, Accounting and Finance Journal 16, no. 2 (2022): 72–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.14453/aabfj.v16i2.6.
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The financial reporting landscape is continuing to expand with both regulated and voluntary disclosures making their way into various reporting frameworks. This increased attention to disclosures is being pursued by professional bodies, governments, companies and other organisations given the changing demands by stakeholders for sustainability disclosures. The Australian superannuation industry is a compulsory system developed to ensure a comfortable retirement income for members. It is now a trillion-dollar business and therefore, has significant influence on the investment decisions that it makes on behalf of its members. The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs) are increasingly being used as a signal to the market that an organisation is meeting the demands of stakeholders. The objective of this study is exploratory in nature, investigating the types of SDG disclosures made by the largest superannuation funds in Australia. Data was collected through a content analysis of the annual and/or supplementary reports produced by Australian superannuation funds. The findings suggest that Australian superannuation funds currently disclose a minimal level information in accordance with the SDGs in different reporting formats and the SDGs tends to prevail where superannuation managers believe they can have the most impact. Our results have implications for SDG reporting, policy and management practice. Future research that helps explain how managers choose which SDGs to report would be a useful contribution in the context of superannuation.
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Holmes, Jim, John Burke, Leith Campbell, and Andrew Hamilton. "Towards a National Broadband Strategy for Australia, 2020-2030." Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy 8, no. 4 (December 30, 2020): 192–269. http://dx.doi.org/10.18080/jtde.v8n4.371.
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This Report has been developed by the TelSoc National Broadband Network (NBN) Futures Group, drawing on substantial work since early 2019 to examine the current state and desirable future of broadband services in Australia. The purpose of the Group and this Report is to ensure Australia’s broadband infrastructure and services continues to develop in a financially responsible and timely manner, delivering value, economic benefit and new services to all Australian residents in all locations and in all economic circumstances. Broadband infrastructure, including the NBN in particular, represents National Critical Infrastructure providing essential services important for the development of a digital economy and online society. All Australians should benefit to the maximum extent in realising the social and economic potential of broadband. Large, long-term investments and programs that address the demand side, as well as the supply side, of broadband require a clear long-term vision and plan (the National Broadband Strategy), supported by a robust bipartisan commitment that endures beyond electoral cycles. The Report is not such a Strategy but is a major contribution towards it. It is addressed to all stakeholders, especially to the Commonwealth Government which has leadership responsibility, and to industry organisations whose involvement is important for success.
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BROOKS, ROBERT D., and MATTHEW P. SHEEHAN. "FORECAST ERROR AND SOCIAL LOSS APPROACHES TO TESTING THE EFFICIENCY OF AUSTRALIAN FINANCIAL FUTURES*." Australian Economic Papers 35, no. 66 (June 1996): 132–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8454.1996.tb00042.x.
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Galati, Luca, Alex Frino, and Alexander Webb. "LIQUIDITY OF FUTURES MARKETS OVER THE LAST QUARTER OF A CENTURY: TECHNOLOGY & MARKET STRUCTURE VERSUS ECONOMIC INFLUENCES." Applied Finance Letters 11, no. 1 (May 24, 2022): 52–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/afl.v11i1.547.
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This study examines the major technological and market forces that have acted on the liquidity of futures markets over almost the last quarter of a century – equivalent to Professor Robert Webb’s tenor as Editor-in-Chief at the Journal of Futures Markets. We examine the impact of electronic trading replacing open outcry, the impact of high-frequency trading and co-located trading, compare the liquidity impacts of these developments with the impact of major economic events, including the Global Financial Crisis and Covid-19 Pandemic. Using a stock index futures contract traded on Australian futures exchanges as an example, we find that technological advances have had a statistically significant but almost imperceptible influence on measures of liquidity of Australian futures contracts. In contrast, economic crises, and crashes such as the Global Financial Crash and the Covid-19 crash have had a massive and sustained impact on the liquidity of futures markets. Our results suggest that liquidity effects from technological innovations, while important, remain dwarfed by those from extreme outlier events.
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Polkinghorne, R., R. Watson, J. M. Thompson, and D. W. Pethick. "Current usage and future development of the Meat Standards Australia (MSA) grading system." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 11 (2008): 1459. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea07175.
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Progress in the development and adoption of the Meat Standards Australia system has encouraged substantial change and an improved consumer awareness at all points of the Australian beef production chain. The system is moving from niche to mainstream market application with the exciting potential to transform many industry practices and build a more direct consumer focus. The system aims to accurately predict consumer satisfaction levels for individual cooked beef portions. This is a major advance on grading systems that classify carcasses into groups of like appearance. A prediction model was developed based on consumer testing and has proved to be useful in categorising a wide range of beef into consumer grades within cooking methods. These provide a basis to ensure a predictable eating quality result for the consumer and a mechanism to align product description and pricing throughout the production chain. When used in value-based marketing systems financial reward can be directly linked to consumer satisfaction encouraging a consumer-focussed industry. Research is proceeding to extend and improve the accuracy of the prediction model encompassing additional cattle types and cooking methods. Several projects in other countries are adding insights into the relative response of consumers from varied cultural backgrounds. It is hoped that further international collaboration will facilitate use of the developed technology to improve consumer value and industry returns through improved product consistency in global markets.
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Henry, Nick, and Adam Cunningham. "Accounting and financial reporting considerations for oil and gas companies operating under Australia's proposed Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme." APPEA Journal 49, no. 2 (2009): 585. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj08058.
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The introduction of the Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme (CPRS) is one of Australia’s most significant economic reforms since the deregulation of the Australian financial markets in the 1980s and will have a significant impact on companies across a number of sectors—in particular those in the oil and gas industry. Given the significant greenhouse gas emission footprint of the oil and gas industry in Australia, for many oil and gas companies the cost of buying carbon pollution permits and/or reducing emissions through targetted abatement programs is likely to be significant. From a strategic perspective, understanding how the proposed CPRS could affect future cash flows will be critically important. Financial markets have already begun to factor the potential cash flow impacts into valuations of companies likely to be directly impacted by the legislation. Public disclosure of the potential impacts of the CPRS is considered both an opportunity and threat for those companies exposed to it. The proposed CPRS will also pose significant governance, compliance and reporting challenges for those companies directly impacted by it. Measurement and reporting of emissions information will need to be subjected to the same level of control and rigour as other financial information. This paper will examine both the immediate and longer term accounting and financial reporting considerations for oil and gas companies as a result of the CPRS, focussing on what companies need to be doing now to be prepared for the introduction of this legislation.
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Wee, Kenneth. "Lowering the cost of funds for exploration: the case for tax-based equity financing incentives." APPEA Journal 60, no. 2 (2020): 569. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj19184.
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Exploring for, and discovering, new oil and gas resources is essential to an oil and gas company’s ability to replenish and enhance its reserves base. With rising future demand for clean, sustainable and affordable energy sources and the important role and contribution of the Australian petroleum industry in the evolving global energy mix, continual investment in exploration activity will be the key to unlocking the prospectivity of undeveloped acreage, particularly in frontier areas. However, exploration is inherently risky and costly. Companies constantly compete for scarce capital to provide the necessary funding to undertake exploration activities. Financial capacity underwrites the ability to bid for exploration acreage by offering commensurate work program commitments. For junior explorers in the early exploration stage, liquidity constraints can mean that the covenants, collateral security requirements and periodic servicing obligations associated with raising debt financing are prohibitive. Equity investors, on the other hand, typically demand a higher return on capital. A fresh policy approach to encouraging petroleum exploration in Australia should be considered by government to incentivise the providers of equity capital to risk money for exploration ventures. This paper considers three models that are used internationally: (1) flow-through shares, (2) worthless stock deductions and (3) notional interest deductions for equity financing. This paper provides a comparative in-principle analysis of each model and offers some suggestions on how these models may be adapted to an Australian context and embedded into the existing taxation system.
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Francis, Ben, Tyron Venn, Tom Lewis, and Jeremy Brawner. "Case Studies of the Financial Performance of Silvopastoral Systems in Southern Queensland, Australia." Forests 13, no. 2 (January 26, 2022): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13020186.
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There is considerable uncertainty surrounding the future availability of hardwood timber from state-owned native forests in southern Queensland. The timber industry is becoming increasingly reliant on private native forests, where much is on properties primarily managed for beef cattle grazing. Historically, these forests have been periodically high-grade harvested without silvicultural treatment or cleared to increase pasture production where landholders have the right to do so. This study compares these traditional forest management practices at four case study properties against silvopastoral system alternatives. Merchantable timber, pasture and cattle production was estimated for each management scenario with a native forest silvicultural treatment response model. The net present value of each scenario was estimated over a 20-year management period. For all case study properties, the worst-performing forest management scenario was to clear forest for grazing. Investment in silvopastoral systems in southern Queensland was found to be financially attractive, particularly when silvicultural treatments were implemented in year zero to increase timber production. Silvicultural treatments increased the mean annual increment of merchantable timber over 20 years by an average of 1.3 m3/ha/year relative to the scenario where no management was performed in year zero. Forest management scenarios with silvicultural treatments had better financial performance than scenarios without silvicultural treatment. However, long payback periods and sovereign risk are serious impediments to silvopastoral system adoption in southern Queensland. If these concerns can be overcome, private native forests have the potential to be sustainably managed to improve the financial performance of farms, improve regional employment and income generation, supply Queensland’s future hardwood timber needs, and increase carbon sequestration and biodiversity conservation on private land.
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Eidenfalk, Joakim, Vivien W. Forner, Michael Jones, and Dominique Rene Parrish. "Prime ministers as leaders: Applying self-determination theory on Australian prime ministers." Journal of Social and Political Psychology 6, no. 1 (June 26, 2018): 224–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/jspp.v6i1.763.
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The leadership capability of Australia’s four Prime Ministers 1996 – 2015 has been widely debated by political commentators, financial analysts and the general public. The success of these senior leaders has been questioned, as has their management of their office, staff, and colleagues. This article will investigate the performances of these four Australia Prime Ministers – John Howard, Kevin Rudd, Julia Gillard and Tony Abbott. Self-Determination Theory (SDT) is presented as a framework that could provide guidance on the aspects of leadership that if attended to could result in enhanced performance of political leaders and ultimately security of their position. SDT is also used as a theoretical lens to evaluate the behaviour and provide a comparative assessment of these four Australian Prime Ministers. It is posited that SDT analysis illustrates ways that each of the four Prime Ministers could have performed better and highlights key lessons for current and future leaders around the world.
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Taylor, Myra F., Ruth Marquis, David Coall, and Celia Wilkinson. "Substance Misuse–Related Parental Child Maltreatment." Journal of Drug Issues 47, no. 2 (December 27, 2016): 241–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022042616683670.
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In Australia, children removed from the parental home because substance use–related child maltreatment issues are commonly placed in grandparent custodial care; however, the longer term relational costs of this approach have yet to be determined. Conventional, summative, and directive content analyses were conducted on data extracted from 88 Australian custodial grandparent completed Grandcarer Needs, Wellbeing and Health Surveys. Conventional analysis revealed the most common reason grandparents gave for their assumption of custodial care was drug use–related acts of parental child maltreatment. Summative analysis revealed antidepressants, marijuana, Valium, ice, and amphetamines were the most commonly used parental drugs and that these drugs were frequently used in combination with dexamphetamine, antipsychotics, heroin, ecstasy, and cocaine. Directed analysis contextualized the strain that drug use–related custodial caregiving places on grandparents’ financial resources, and how this strain is burdensome when the grandparents’ annual income is less than Aus$80,000. It also contextualizes the need for future research to explore family reunification desires/barriers.
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Laing, Gregory Kenneth, and Ronald William Perrin. "Attitudes on Financial Reporting Issues: An Australian Study." International Journal of Accounting and Financial Reporting 1, no. 1 (September 1, 2011): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijafr.v1i1.856.
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The aim of this research was to test the attitudes of professional accountants with regards to financial reporting issues. Given the changes arising from the adoption of the International Accounting Standards the expectation was that problems identified by prior research would have been mitigated. Surveys were conducted of accounting professionals using the questionnaire instrument designed by Francia and Strawser (1971). The data were collated and processed to determine the perceived information deficiency and importance of the various aspects of financial reporting. The major items in which information was considered to be deficient were – timing of revenue recognition, income tax effect accounting, executory contracts and treatment of prior period adjustments. By contrast the most important items were found to be uniformity in financial reporting, income tax effect accounting, use of fair market values, definition of equity versus liability and treatment of prior period adjustments. The findings have implications for the future development of accounting standards. Greater guidance should be given to explaining the practice, applications and consequences of the accounting standards on financial reporting. This paper provides a valuable insight into the perceived deficiencies of information on items that affect financial reporting by accountants in the Australian environment and adds a new perspective to the evaluation of adoption of international accounting standards.
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Dean, Anne-Marie, Mandy Matthewson, Melissa Buultjens, and Gregory Murphy. "Scoping review of claimants’ experiences within Australian workers’ compensation systems." Australian Health Review 43, no. 4 (2019): 457. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah17244.
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Objective The aim of this scoping review was to map the literature on the lived experiences of injured workers in Australia in order to better understand the factors that inhibit the transition back to work and improved health. The ultimate aim of the study was to identify areas for further research into workers’ compensation systems and practices that are associated with improved occupational rehabilitation outcomes. Methods PubMed, ProQuest, Embase and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) were searched for eligible articles published in English in peer-reviewed journals from 2001 to 2017. Narrative data synthesis was used to analyse the data collected from included articles. Results Twelve articles examining injured workers’ experiences within Australian workers’ compensation systems were identified. Injured workers reported similar experiences across states and territories in Australia. Four common themes and three subthemes were noted, namely: (1) relationships and interactions; (2) injured workers’ perceptions (subthemes: mental health effects, social effects and financial effects); (3) the workers’ compensation process; and (4) independent medical evaluations. Conclusions There are common difficulties that injured workers experience within Australian workers’ compensation systems that are reported to impede rehabilitation and return to work. A less harmful, more cooperative approach to worker rehabilitation and compensation is needed. What is known about the topic? Different workers’ compensation systems exist throughout Australia. Little is known about injured workers’ perceptions of their experiences within these systems in Australia and whether these experiences are similar or different across systems. What does this paper add? This scoping review synthesises available evidence showing that injured workers report negative experiences of workers’ compensation systems, and that this experience is similar across the different systems. This review also identified a clear need for future research on workers’ compensation systems in order to promote evidence-based approaches to best support the occupational rehabilitation of injured workers. What are the implications for practitioners? Evidence suggests a more holistic, biopsychosocial approach is required by practitioners when facilitating an injured worker’s recovery and return to work. This approach is also vital when considering legislative reforms, such as workers’ compensation systems, processes and practices.
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Birt, Jacqueline L., Kala Muthusamy, and Poonam Bir. "XBRL and the qualitative characteristics of useful financial information." Accounting Research Journal 30, no. 01 (May 2, 2017): 107–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/arj-11-2014-0105.
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Purpose eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) is an internet-based interactive form of reporting language that is expected to enhance the usefulness of financial reporting (Yuan and Wang, 2009). In the UK and the USA, XBRL is mandatory, and in Australia, it is voluntarily adopted. It has been reported that in the not too distant future, XBRL will be the standard format for the preparation and exchange of business reports (Gettler, 2015). Using an experimental approach, this study assesses the usefulness of financial reports with XBRL tagged information compared to PDF format information for non-professional investors. The authors investigate participants’ perceptions of usefulness in relation to the qualitative characteristics of relevance, understandability and comparability. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses an experimental approach featuring a profit-forecasting task to determine if participants perceive XBRL-tagged information to be more useful compared to PDF-formatted information. Findings Results reveal that financial information presented with XBRL tagging is significantly more relevant, understandable and comparable to non-professional investors. Originality/value The authors address a gap in the literature by examining XBRL usefulness in Australia where XBRL adoption will be mandated within the not too distant future. Currently, the voluntary adoption of XBRL by preparers and users is low, possibly, because of a lack of awareness about XBRL and its potential benefits. This study yields significant implications for the accounting regulators in creating more awareness on the benefits of using XBRL and to create an impetus for XBRL adoption.