Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Financial development'
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Adams, Glenn W. "Financing infrastructure a financial nightmare for smaller municipalities /." Instructions for remote access. Click here to access this electronic resource. Access available to Kutztown University faculty, staff, and students only, 1995. http://www.kutztown.edu/library/services/remote_access.asp.
Full textSource: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 45-06, page: 2928. Abstract precedes thesis as [2] preliminary leaves. Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 106-108).
Lukanda, Kapwadi Francky. "Legal accountability of international financial institutions in financing development." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/67776.
Full textThesis (LLD)--University of Pretoria, 2018.
Centre for Human Rights
LLD
Unrestricted
Hoffman, Dieter. "Measures of financial development." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/28973.
Full textSharma, Parmendra. "Financial Development in Fiji." Thesis, Griffith University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367099.
Full textThesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith Business School
Griffith Business School
Full Text
Akgun, Unaldi Burcin. "Financial Development, Financial Openness And Growth: An Empirical Investigation." Phd thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613932/index.pdf.
Full textTaghipour, Anoshirvan. "Essays on financial policies, financial development and economic growth." Thesis, University of Essex, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.495772.
Full textKremen, V. "Macroprudential policy in the dilemma “Financial stability – financial development”." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2019. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/77590.
Full textMoyo, Onesimo Mazai. "The nexus between financial inclusion and financial development in Zimbabwe (2009-2015)." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29075.
Full textMaskay, Biniv K. "THREE ESSAYS ON FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT." UKnowledge, 2012. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/economics_etds/5.
Full textRewilak, Johan. "Financial development and poverty alleviation." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/28576.
Full textWang, Xiaoyang. "Financial centre development in mainland China : a financial geography perspective." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4ddf4bc0-6fc6-472b-ab36-d60743306619.
Full textTyson, Judith. "The expansion of financial access and financial development in Kenya." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2015. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/23755/.
Full textHenry, Christopher Sean. "Essays in Financial Development, focusing on nascent financial technologies (Fintech)." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020CLFAD016.
Full textIt is increasingly clear that the area of payments -- how consumers and businesses choose to pay for things -- is at the forefront of financial development in many areas across the world. Nascent financial technologies are actually changing the way that economies function, and the number of payment innovations alone can be overwhelming to consider: Bitcoin, m-Pesa, Venmo, Apple pay, mobile payment apps, e-Transfer, and many, many more. This is not even to mention continuing innovations among more familiar payment methods that make them more secure and easier to use, for example contactless credit and debit cards. Even cash has undergone technical innovations, with paper banknotes being replaced in many countries by polymer notes having ever-advanced security features to deter counterfeiting. Bitcoin provides a useful case study in the diffusion and impact of nascent financial payment technologies for several reasons. The original intention behind Bitcoin was in fact to do away with the need for central banks and their money, by functioning as a decentralized payments platform. In place of central banks issuing cash, or traditional financial institutions, these third parties were to be replaced by use of cryptography to secure transactions. Of course, intentions do not always reflect reality, and the trajectory of Bitcoin has been complicated to say the least. While it certainly can be (and is) used for transactions, many have come to view it more as a `cryptoasset' than a cryptocurrency. This thesis contributes to two important questions about nascent financial technologies within the literature on the economics of payments: 1] What is the most effective way to collect data that can help us understand and assess the impact of new payments technologies on the economy? (Methodology) 2] What trade-offs are relevant for consumers when deciding on the adoption and use of new forms of payment technologies? (Economic modelling).Correspondingly, this thesis is organized into two parts. In Part 1 (Chapter 1-2), we take up methodological concerns. These are crucial for studying emerging technologies because there is often little consensus or data available to guide researchers; often, collecting useful data is a large part of the endeavor. While there has been a long history of consumer (and merchant) payment surveys among central banks, Chapter 1 offers a unique opportunity to test and validate survey-based methodology for studying payment choice - specifically cash versus electronic card payments - using a novel dataset from Hungary consisting of the universe of all retail transactions. Chapter 2 reflects ongoing work to measure changes in awareness and usage of Bitcoin in Canada. We report on results from the 2018 Bitcoin Omnibus Survey conducted by the Bank of Canada, while highlighting efforts to improve the survey instrument, data and accuracy of estimates. In Part 2 (Chapter 3 and 4) we turn to economic modelling of consumer decisions. Chapter 3 confronts the standing assumption that adoption of new digital payment technologies will necessarily lead to a decline in cash usage. Based off our finding that Bitcoin owners tend to hold relatively large amounts of cash, we use advanced econometric techniques to account for possible sources of selection/endogeneity, and thereby uncover a clearer picture of what is driving this result. Finally, Chapter 4 investigates potential mechanisms behind the future evolution of Bitcoin adoption over time. Motivated by the literature on diffusion of technology, we examine empirical evidence on the role of both beliefs and network externalities in Bitcoin adoption
Yengeni, Sandisiwe. "Myth or magic: the impact of financial technology on financial inclusion in Africa." Master's thesis, Faculty of Commerce, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33067.
Full textChaudhury, Mohammad Jamil. "Financial development and agricultural development in Pakistan : 1952-1982." Thesis, University of Dundee, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.289370.
Full textKamanga, Tayina. "The role of financial literacy in financial inclusion in emerging markets: evidence from South Africa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29086.
Full textArner, Douglas W. "Law, financial stability and economic development." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.424378.
Full textAsad, Humaira. "Effective financial development, inequality and poverty." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/3583.
Full textAdnan, Noureen. "Financial development, economic growth and crises." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2012. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/770388/.
Full textDal, Colle Alessandra. "Essays on financial development and growth." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2012. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/14045/.
Full textHuang, Yongfu. "The political economy of financial development." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.432688.
Full textCavalcante, Anderson Tadeu Marques. "Regional financial development and economic growth." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610634.
Full textVenâncio, Sara Filipa Meixedo. "Does financial development promote economic growth?" Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/6301.
Full textThis study investigates the relationship between financial development and economic growth, using two panel of 17 and 19 developed countries, covering the period from 1980 to 2011 and 2000 to 2011, respectively. This study includes variables that measure the development of the financial sector in order to explain the GDP per capita growth, using modified ordinary least squares, fixed and random effects estimations. The results indicate that domestic credit provided by banking sector and domestic credit to the private sector are (in most estimations) negatively correlated with growth. This may be explained by poor and inefficient credit allocation. The results also show that gross domestic savings and M2 play a significant role in economic growth. Moreover, the ratio non-performing loans/total loans is positively correlated with GDP, particularly for estimations where credit variables were excluded. Little evidence was found from the relationship between liquidity provided by the banking system and capital markets, and economic development.
Kouevi, Gath Beni. "Essays on Financial and Fiscal Development." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2021. https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/325303/5/BeniKGPhD.pdf.
Full textCette thèse étudie empiriquement l'interaction des politiques gouvernementales, de la finance, et du développement économique. Plus précisément, il examine l'impact de la fiscalité des entreprises sur l'emploi, de la réglementation bancaire relative au partage d'informations sur le crédit sur la stabilité bancaire, et des crises bancaires sur la démocratie. Les deux premiers chapitres se focalisent sur les pays d'Afrique subsaharienne. Le troisième adopte une perspective plus globale pour couvrir. Le premier chapitre évalue l'impact des taux d'imposition des sociétés (IS) sur l'emploi au niveau de l'entreprise pour un échantillon de pays d'Afrique subsaharienne. Ses résultats montrent qu'en moyenne, les entreprises emploient plus de travailleurs dans les pays où les taux de taxation des entreprises sont plus élevés. Cela s’explique par le fait que les recettes de l'impôt sur les sociétés permettent aux gouvernements de financer des biens publics et des infrastructures qui sont essentiels aux activités des entreprises. Nous présentons des résultats d'estimation pour soutenir cette hypothèse. Plus précisément, alors que l'effet marginal de l'IS diminue avec le niveau de revenu ou avec les dépenses publiques, il augmente avec le niveau de démocratie. En outre, nous constatons également que l'effet des taux d'IS sur l'emploi s'explique en partie par l'amélioration de l'environnement des affaires dans lequel opèrent les entreprises. Le second chapitre évalue les effets des politiques gouvernementales fixant la mesure dans laquelle les informations sur les antécédents de crédit des emprunteurs sont partagées entre les prêteurs. Il montre que le partage d'informations sur le crédit permet de stabiliser les banques. De plus, bien que les banques étrangères aient un désavantage informationnel par rapport aux banques nationales en raison de frictions d'information et bénéficieraient donc davantage du partage d'informations sur le crédit, les résultats indiquent que les deux types de banques sont affectées de la même manière. Cela suggère que les banques étrangères s'appuient sur des stratégies alternatives pour compenser leur désavantage informationnel sur les marchés locaux. Enfin, le chapitre 3 documente l'impact des crises bancaires sur le niveau de démocratie. Il fournit la preuve que la démocratie s'améliore dans la fenêtre de 10 ans suivant l’occurrence d'une crise bancaire. Les résultats mettent également en évidence la présence de plusieurs non-linéarités. Premièrement, les crises bancaires graves ont des effets plus importants sur la démocratie que les crises modérées. Deuxièmement, l'effet positif des crises bancaires sur la démocratie est principalement attribuable aux pays non démocratiques. Pour finir, l'essentiel de l'effet se matérialise à partir de la troisième année après la survenance de la crise.
Doctorat en Sciences économiques et de gestion
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Koochel, Emily. "Financial transparency: a scale development study." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/36200.
Full textSchool of Family Studies and Human Services
Melinda S. Markham
Interpersonal aspects of a relationship (i.e., equality, trust, disclosure, etc.) as they relate to finances have important implications for marital satisfaction; however, emphasis on financial transparency, “the open and honest disclosure of one’s finances,” has yet to be researched. To increase our capacity to study the role of finances in the marital relationship, the purpose of this study was to develop the Financial Transparency Scale (FTS) to assess financial transparency between married partners. A sample of 183 married individuals in their first 5 years of their first marriage completed an online survey, consisting of the FTS and four related scales. Principal components analysis (PCA) was conducted to determine the FTS is comprised of three components: financial partnership, financial secrecy, and financial trust and disclosure of the individual partner. The first component, financial partnership (eigenvalue = 10.909), consisted of 18 items and accounted for 41.96% of the variance and had a high internal reliability of (α = .95). Component 2, financial secrecy (eigenvalue = 2.845), consisted of three items and accounted for 10.94% of variance with an internal reliability of (α = .93). Component 3, financial trust and disclosure of the individual partner (eigenvalue = 1.76), consisted of five items and accounted for 6.77% of total variance with an internal reliability (α = .83). The FTS was positively correlated with four related scales: the Kansas Marital Satisfaction Scale, the Shared Goals and Values Scale, the Frequency of Financial Management Scale, and the Communication Patterns Questionnaire – Short Form, each of which are key behaviors of financial and marital satisfaction. The FTS will benefit financial practitioners as they can use the scale to determine the level of financial transparency between married individuals, drawing attention to areas of concern such as financial secrecy between partners. For researchers, this scale provides a measurement for a sophisticated perspective on the interpersonal factors that mediate financial transparency between married individuals.
Carlson, Stacy(Stacy Lynn). "Essays in financial innovation and development." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/122051.
Full textThesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Economics, 2018
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis. "Some pages in the original document contain text that runs off the edge of the page"--Disclaimer Notice page.
Includes bibliographical references.
In this thesis, I use rich individual- and household-level data to explore the impact of different forms of financial innovation on development outcomes in Africa. Chapters 1 and 2 utilize data from a digital lender that provides credit over mobile phones. Chapter 1 presents novel evidence on the magnitude of consumer liquidity constraints and the relative importance of the various forms of asymmetric information that may contribute to them. I find that borrowers almost always take out the maximum credit line available to them, consistent with short-term liquidity constraints. I then use quasi-experimental variation in credit policies across individuals and time to estimate the relative magnitude of selection and incentive effects among new borrowers. I find that information asymmetries go a long way toward explaining high observed default rates. Chapter 2, my job market paper, explores the impact of dynamic incentive schemes on borrower behavior in the digital credit market. I use a series of quasi-experiments induced by policy nonlinearities to estimate the effect of progressive lending policies on borrower repayment decisions. I find that new borrowers who receive a larger initial loan are more likely to default on that loan. By contrast, repeat borrowers who receive a larger loan (relative to their previous loan) are actually less likely to default. I provide evidence that this reflects a strategic repayment motive, whereby borrowers repay in order to get access to larger loans in the future. Chapter 3, written with Yu Shi, uses household-level data from a panel survey in Nigeria to explore the relative importance of formal versus informal finance. We find that informal financial markets remain important and are quite effective in enabling consumption smoothing by lower-income households and businesses in Nigeria.
by Stacy Carlson.
Ph. D.
Ph.D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Economics
Stemmer, Michael Alfons. "Essays on growth, unemployment and financial development." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01E043/document.
Full textThe subject of this doctoral thesis deals with the analysis of regional unemployment heterogeneity and dynamics, the response of economic growth to negative shocks and the link between financial development and growth on a firm and country level. Chapter 1 shows the distributional dynamics of European regional unemployment. In this joint work with Robert Beyer, we study the behavior of regional unemployment rates with respect to the introduction of the Euro and the Global Financial Crisis and analyze European and country contributions to relative changes over time. Chapter 2 provides an empirical analysis into growth convergence of western European and transition countries after negative shocks. A collaboration with Olivier Damette and Mathilde Maurel, we study the rebound capacity, the speed of convergence to the normal growth path as well as nonlinearities along the process. Chapter 3 takes a closer look at internal financial constraints of firm growth in Serbia. A joint work with Milos Markovic, we show how much Serbian firms depend on cash flow for their expansionary activities and compare our sensitivity results with Belgium, a country with an advanced financial sector. Finally, in chapter 4 I explore the relationship between financial development and economic growth in transition countries. Through a panel Granger causality framework different financial indicators and their effects on per capita GDP as well as opposite causalities are assessed
Savanhu, Tatenda. "Financial liberalization, financial development and economic growth: the case for South Africa." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006197.
Full textKamal, Lillian T. "Predicting inflation, and the relationship between financial integration, financial development and economic growth." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2006. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=4618.
Full textTitle from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains v, 95 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.
Atiq, Zeeshan. "Essays on financial liberalisation, financial crises and economic growth." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/essays-on-financial-liberalisation-financial-crises-and-economic-growth(8ebde51d-189b-40e9-a4e1-098b8880301e).html.
Full textMarkovic, Milos. "Essays on debt crisis and financial development." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01E045.
Full textThis doctoral thesis represents an effort aimed to contribute to Early Warning System literature dealing with prediction of sovereign debt crisis and understanding of investment and growth behavior of SMEs inthe setting of the global financial crisis. Chapter 1 deals with debt crises over a sample of emerging economies in pursuit of an efficient and accurate early warning model based on three different datamining techniques. In Chapters 2 and 3 the focus is on the mechanisms behind investment and growth of SMEs in a developing country in the context of GFC. Chapter 2, joint work with Majda Seghir, exploresthe investment behavior of SMEs in Serbia with regard to the availability of internally generated cash flowin the context of GFC. It relates this sensitivity to the level of financial constraints as proxied by variables such as firm’s size, ownership structure, leverage and tangibility of their assets. Finally, Chapter 3, done in collaboration with Michael Stemmer, builds on the idea behind Chapter 2 to investigate the effect of financial constraints on growth of Serbian SMEs using GMM framework. We contrast our results with anadvanced economy by running a comparison with Belgian firms
Richardson, Nela N. Thomas. "An interest group theory of financial development." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/2950.
Full textThesis research directed by: Economics. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
Asongu, Simplice Anutechia. "Financial development in Africa - a critical examination." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 2015. https://radar.brookes.ac.uk/radar/items/160120ae-553e-4951-aa57-3e33a7d13413/1.
Full textZakaria, Zukarnain. "Essays on financial structure and economical development." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.431951.
Full textHowe, Christopher D. (Christopher Dwight). "Financial model of the drug development process." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9832.
Full textBalasubramaniam, Anitha. "Financial modeling of new product development economics." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/90707.
Full textCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 85-86).
Product design and development is a complex process that involves extensive engineering considerations as well as management decisions based on the overall vision for the product. Traditionally, most decision making in product development is experienced based and intuitive. With increased scrutiny on cost and a need for greater speed to market, product development processes have been continuously streamlined to become more efficient. Therefore, firms are now required to carefully plan and allocate their resources to effectively respond to market needs. In this thesis, illustrated using a case study of a Nespresso coffee product line, a framework is presented to capture and analyze the financial factors relating to the profitability of a product development project. The methodology can assist product managers better understand the financial aspects of product development and help make more effective and objective project decisions. It can also help companies manage their product portfolio decision making process and prepare for new opportunities.
by Anitha Balasubramaniam.
S.M. in Engineering and Management
Tan, Bin. "Growth, financial development, market liquidity and risk." Thesis, Brunel University, 2010. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/8205.
Full textEmenalo, Chukwunonye Obi-Ogulo. "Institutions and financial system development in Africa." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/14436.
Full textDeidda, Luca Gabriele. "Interaction between economic growth and financial development." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322050.
Full textSilva, Diogo Martinho da. "On the welfare effects of financial development." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/5383.
Full textThe aim of this paper is to show how the evolution of financial technology affects the welfare in the economy. On the empirical side, I construct a time series for the costs of financial services, and I find that the evolution shows a decreasing trend in the period analyzed. In addition, the new statistical tool goes a long way to explaining US M1 money demand. I find that the financial costs became significantly lower after major financial innovation events had taken place. Then I study how financial innovation, understood as a decrease in portfolio adjustment costs, affects macro variables and welfare.
Ghimire, Binam. "Essays on financial development and economic growth." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2010. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/6024/.
Full textPark, Ji Hoon. "Financial development, fiscal policy and macroeconomic volatility." Thesis, University of York, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/16287/.
Full textIefymenko, T. "Innovative financial management of human capital development." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2019. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/14492.
Full textKaminska, I. "Financial providing of ecological development of region." Thesis, Вид-во СумДУ, 2006. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/11655.
Full textЗайцев, Олександр Васильович, Александр Васильевич Зайцев, and Oleksandr Vasylovych Zaitsev. "Interaction of financial development and real economy." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2020. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/81057.
Full textВ статье автор кратко затрагивает проблемы влияния уровня финансового развития на экономический рост. В статье рассмотрено, что из-за неизбежного взаимодействия денежных потоков и товарных выпусков денежный поток и / или традиционный финансовый сектор могут быть как факторами экономического роста, так и источниками перманентной экономической нестабильности, а также факторами экономического регресса.
In the article author is briefly touch upon the problems of the influence of the level of financial development on economic growth. The article has considered to the due to the inevitable interaction of cash flows and commodity outputs, cash flow and/or the traditional financial sector can be both factors of economic growth and sources of permanent economic instability, as well as factors of economic regression.
Murawski, Michael Murawski. "Financial Development, State Capacity, and Inequality Distributions." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1523981143011671.
Full textSamargandi, Nahla. "Essays on financial development and economic growth." Thesis, Brunel University, 2015. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/11071.
Full textDogbey, John. "Spillover effects in financial and international development." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10450/10593.
Full textTitle from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 88 p. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 75-78).
Li, Zhenxiong. "Essays on financial development and economic performance." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2018. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/126388/.
Full textSchauer, Johanna. "Essays in Inequality, Education and Financial Development." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU10057.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the development of heterogeneous agent DSGE models to investigate questions of inequality, education and financial development. It is composed of three chapters. In the first chapter, Marti Mestieri, Robert Townsend and I use household-level data from Mexico, to document patterns between schooling, entrepreneurial decisions and house-hold characteristics, e.g., assets, talent of members, and age of the household head. Motivated by our findings, we develop a heterogeneous-agent, overlapping-generations, dynasty model. Households jointly decide over their life-cycle on (i) kids' human capital investments (schooling) and (ii) parents' entry, exit and investment into alternative entrepreneurial modes (subsistence and modern). With financial constraints, all these are co-determined. We show that a calibrated version of our model can account for the broad correlation patterns uncovered in data within and across generations, e.g., a non-monotonic relationship between educational choices and assets across occupational modes, growth in profits and employment for modern firms only, and dynastic persistence across generations in education and wealth. Endogenous human capital acquisition is a key driver of inequality and intergenerational persistence. Eliminating this channel from the model would decrease the top 10% income share by 56%. Eliminating collateral constraints would increase average household expenditure by 7.1% and benefit the middle class, reducing top and bottom expenditure shares. It would also reduce by 29% the correlation between household assets and kids' schooling levels.In the second chapter, Sonali Jain-Chandra and I look at recent developments in India, which show impressive growth and progress in eradicating extreme poverty but rising inequality. We investigate the contribution of high skill premia and inequality in education levels to this development. We set up a model of heterogeneous agents, who endogenously choose their skill levels and occupations while being financially constrained. Moreover, we account for the large variance in the quality of education and the duality of the economy. We calibrate the model to India's economy today making use of detailed survey data. Evaluating different policies we find that targeted unconditional cash transfers can lower inequality and increase output and educational attainment at relatively low costs if designed carefully. In the final chapter, I investigate the role of payroll-based lending in the creation of entrepreneurship and its effect on inequality. Payroll-based credit has expanded rapidly in recent years, especially in emerging markets. I develop a heterogeneous agents DSGE model that captures the specific characteristics of these countries and loans. I calibrate the model to the South African market using micro data from the National Income Dynamics household survey and macro moments. I find that the increase in payroll-based lending from 2008 to 2014 leads to a decrease in entrepreneurship and productivity and an increase in inequality. Restricting access to payroll-based loans for households with low income levels can improve output and inequality in the long-run, while a substitution by developmental loans targeting the poorest can only be effective if they are large enough