Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Financial agreements'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Financial agreements.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Financial agreements.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Kennedy, Patrick C. (Patrick Conrad). "Renegotiating chapter 121A agreements : legal and financial considerations." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/75518.
Full text
2
Heffernan, Grant B. "Effect of Lockup Agreements on Buyout Backed Initial Public Offerings." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2011. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/183.
Full textAbstract:
Using a sample of 279 buyout backed firms, I examined the effect of lockup agreements on the firm’s stock returns. I found there to be a negative .8 percent cumulative abnormal return for the three-day period surrounding lockup expiration. Consistent with my hypothesis the CAR for the three-day period surrounding lockup expiration was less negative for buyout backed IPOs compared to venture capital backed IPOs. In addition, I found there to be an abnormal 24.24 percent increase in trading volume for the three days surrounding lockup expiration.
3
Nguyen, Duc Bao. "Essays on regional trade agreements and international trade." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0203/document.
Full textAbstract:
Cette thèse s’inscrit dans le contexte de prolifération des accords commerciaux régionaux (ACR) et traite des effets des ACR sur le commerce international. Nous visons à mieux comprendre et à apporter des points de vue nouveaux sur le rôle des ACR et du régionalisme en général en tant qu’élément important de la politique commerciale international aujourd’hui. Dans le premier chapitre, nous revisitons les effets ex post des ACR sur le commerce des pays membres et le commerce extrabloc en adoptant une approche empirique. Nous cherchons à déterminer la manière dont les blocs commerciaux régionaux affectent le commerce non seulement entre pays membres mais aussi entre pays membres et pays extérieurs à l’accord. Notre analyse confirme que les ACR augmentent de manière significative le commerce intra-bloc ; néanmoins, dans de nombreux cas, les ACR impliquent des effets de détournement d’échanges qui sont préjudiciables au reste du monde. Le chapitre deux examine de quelle manière la période de mise en œuvre de l’accord et les niveaux de développement des pays membres déterminent, en dynamique, l’effet des ACR sur le commerce international. Nous obtenons des tendances distinctes des effets ex post de l’ACR sur le commerce entre les accords Nord-Nord, Sud-Sud et Nord-Sud. Nous vérifions empiriquement que les ACR conclus par des partenaires commerciaux ayant un statut de développement économique analogue (les accords Nord-Nord ou Sud-Sud) sont susceptibles d’engendrer une augmentation plus forte du commerce des membres pendant une période de mise en œuvre plus courte. Le chapitre trois porte sur la manière dont les interactions entre ACR et développement financier influencent les flux d'échanges entre partenaires commerciaux. Dans ce travail conjoint avec Anne-Gaël Vaubourg, nous montrons que le développement financier (particulièrement sous sa forme intermédiée) encourage les échanges commerciaux mais que cet effet est atténué dès lors que les partenaires commerciaux ont signé un ACRThe subject of this dissertation focuses on the analysis of different aspects of the relationship between regional trade agreements (RTAs) and the multilateral trading system. We aim to provide a fresh understanding and views of the role of RTAs and regionalism in general as an important feature of international trade policy today. In chapter one we revisit the ex post effects of RTAs on member countries’ trade and extrabloc trade by adopting an empirical approach. We explore how regional trading blocs have influenced trade among members as well as trade with nonmembers. Our analysis confirms the widespread trade-enhancing effects of RTAs on member countries’ trade; however, in many cases, they lead to trade diversion effects that are detrimental to the rest of the world. Chapter two takes a closer look at how the implementation period of trade liberalization and partners’ levels of development affect the RTA dynamic effects on trade over time. We obtain distinct patterns of ex post RTA effects on trade across North-North RTAs, South-South RTAs and North-South RTAs. We empirically validate that RTAs formed by trading partners experiencing similar economic development status (North-North RTAs or South-South RTAs) are likely to lead to a larger increase in members’ trade during a shorter implementation period. Chapter three studies the mechanism through which RTAs impact the effect of financial development on trade flows between exporting and importing countries. In this joint work with Anne-Gaël Vaubourg, we show that the trade-enhancing role of financial development in the exporting country—especially through intermediated finance—is mitigated when there is an RTA between this country and its trading partner
4
Hannemann, Henrik Jonathan Nicolai. "Conservation planning in Europe : ecological, financial, and political challenges." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:6180deed-8bab-4932-8a7c-e5bd54f765ed.
Full textAbstract:
Conservation of biodiversity and sustainable resource use are central aims within ecology. This thesis focuses on the current data and environmental frameworks used to support these aims across different states in Europe. In particular, it examines the impact of geo-political boundaries on data-use, funding and planning for temporal movement of species in response to climate change. It also examines the current environmental framework agreements in Europe and their capacity to deal with trans-boundary aspects of biodiversity change. Through examination of European biodiversity datasets, undertaking species distribution modelling of forest taxa, examining economic data, palaeo-ecological data, and assessing international environmental framework agreements, this thesis identifies a number of important knowledge gaps. Probably unsurprisingly, the distribution of biodiversity in Europe mostly does not match political entities, all of which have individual aims, financial resources, and biodiversity management regimes in place. All have a significant impact on biodiversity conservation planning because i) the use of geo-politically truncated data influences modelling predictions, ii) financial commitment to biodiversity conservation varies between countries influencing success outcomes, iii) biodiversity persistence in current and future climate change does not recognise geo-political boundaries, and iv) many of the key environmental frameworks are implemented within countries and do not considering trans-boundary issues. Overall these findings significantly improve the understanding of conservation and resource management in Europe and fill a number of important knowledge gaps. They highlight the importance of appropriate trans-boundary ecological datasets and the need for more consistency across Europe in financial resources for biodiversity conservation. They also highlight the need for appreciation of areas of high-persistent biodiversity regardless of geo-political boundaries and environmental framework agreements that support cross-border conservation measures.
5
Arabaci, Mehmet Cengiz. "The IMF and the catalytic effect do IMF agreements improve access to international financial markets? /." Connect to Electronic Thesis (CONTENTdm), 2010. http://worldcat.org/oclc/646196889/viewonline.
Full text
6
Hoeft, Steven L. "A financial analysis of resource sharing agreements as part of the TRICARE Managed Care Support Contracts." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1998. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA359565.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S. in Management) Naval Postgraduate School, December 1998.Thesis advisor(s): Richard Doyle, Bill Gates. "December 1998." Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-84). Also available online.
7
Dipholo, Thabo. "The potential impact of the African Continental Free Trade Area agreement on a regional service provider." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/74834.
Full textAbstract:
The advent of trade in services theory has been a developing research topic since 1980, where various factors are in place to determine trade flows and the impact of regulatory frameworks and policies. Services trade is an important contributing factor towards economic objectives and continues to drive development. With growth in services trade across the globe there is increased value in understanding the impact of the services sector on the African continent. The evolving reliance on services towards globalisation in low-income economies is proven to contribute significantly to gross domestic product. The African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) agreement was instituted to integrate economies by creating ease of access for the intra-trade of goods and services across the continent. This study aimed to explore the impact of the AfCFTA agreement on a regional financial services provider. The research followed a semi-structured interview methodology, which measured and tested the impact of the agreement on trade in services for this qualitative study. The results indicated that the service provider would adopt the AfCFTA agreement’s requirements in the expansion of its operations, to establish services across the continent. Although the minimum number of countries required supported the ratification process, a lot of work is needed to develop and understand the effect of international trade, on the back of reformative policy changes such as the AfCFTA agreement.Mini Dissertation (MPhil)--University of Pretoria, 2019.
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
MPhil
Unrestricted
8
Hedberg, Peter. "Handeln och betalningarna mellan Sverige och Tyskland 1934-1945 : Den svensk-tyska clearingepoken ur ett kontraktsekonomiskt perspektiv." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-3550.
Full text
9
Zhang, Lin VanHoose David D. "Could sub-debts of banks be potential tools for supervision? Empirical study with data set 1999-2007 /." Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/5183.
Full text
10
Mudrochová, Petra. "Účtování o produktech oddělení finančních trhů v ING Bank." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-114539.
Full textAbstract:
The banking industry is without a doubt one of the most innovative segments. Its products are continuously evolving with the advent of new technologies, globalization, competition and regulation. IASB attempt to capture what is happening to modify IFRS. On the other hand bank's lobbying actions can also be seen on countless amendments to International Accounting Standard on financial instruments. Therefore, IAS 39 has become difficult to understand, apply and interpret and thus IASB developed a new exposure draft IFRS 9. This diploma thesis compares Czech Accounting Standards, IAS 39 and IFRS 9 for derivatives, bonds and repurchasing agreements, focusing on their different classification, the concept of fair value and own credit risk. The practical part is based on products of Financial Markets department at ING Bank. Finally, it outlined the latest developments in the convergence process between IFRS and U.S. GAAP relating to the issues described.
11
Rieder, Kilian. "(Un)promising beginnings : Bagehot in the land of the waltz : financial crises and lending of last resort in the Austro-Hungarian Empire (1868-1914)." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:5701f2df-3dda-466c-a820-3f0364e6a176.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation analyzes the emergence of the Austro-Hungarian Bank (OeUB) as a modern lender of last resort (LLR) between 1868 and 1914. In order to evaluate policy responses to specific periods of financial distress, an in-depth knowledge of the context and dynamics at hand is indispensable. Chapter I sets the groundwork for this dissertation. It shows that bank failures during the Austro-Hungarian crisis of 1873 followed mainly from the break-down of a large repo market on the Viennese stock exchange. Credit institutions granted repo loans against securities that turned into highly illiquid and depreciated collateral. Banks that were forced to sell repossessed collateral in response to heavy funding withdrawals had to write-off substantial portions of their repo portfolios and thus incurred heavy losses. This chapter reinterprets the Austro-Hungarian crisis of 1873 as a historical "run on repo". It is the first study to examine a historical repo market crisis using microdata. I use semi-parametric survival analysis as well as stratification techniques new to the literature on bank distress to identify the causes of bank failures. Bank failures in 1873 did not spring from a pure liquidity problem, nor did they derive from a simple solvency shock. The complex roots of bank distress in 1873 posed difficult questions for policy-makers who needed to decide whether and how to intervene. Although central banks may be first-best candidates for the role of a LLR, they can also face constraints which obviate an elastic supply of liquidity during crises. Some of these constraints may be ideational, institutional or technical. Others are driven by market characteristics: quantity rationing can be the result of asymmetric information problems in financial markets. In Chapter II, I study a historical experiment implemented to overcome the specter of a credit rationing LLR during the Austro-Hungarian crisis of 1873. I explore bank-level information on treatment by a LLR mechanism designed as a public-private partnership between the central bank and market players. Drawing on inverse probability weighted regression adjustment (IPWRA) to tease out the causal effect of liquidity support, I show that this unconventional LLR was effective in mitigating bank distress: it worked as a remedy for the under-provision of a good particularly desirable in times of crises central bank liquidity. No matter how successful it is in calming financial distress and independently of the concrete form it takes, the LLR always comes at a cost. Moral hazard is a central issue in the literature on last resort lending. In Chapter III, I provide a new explanation for how central banks dealt with moral hazard historically. I focus on one specific component of central banks' risk frameworks: credit limits for discount window customers. I argue that credit limits as operationalized by the Austro-Hungarian Bank (OeUB) after 1878 constituted the backbone of an early form of microprudential regulation that was designed to check moral hazard in normal times. Credit limits empowered the Austro-Hungarian Bank to enforce minimum liquidity and capital standards for its counterparties at the discount window. Rather than contradicting the tenet of free lending in times of distress, credit limits functioned as "contingent rules": enforced in normal times, limits were increased or lifted during liquidity crises perceived as exogenous. Moreover, even during crises, the Bank did not simply relax limits for all credit institutions: it differentiated between banks depending on their fundamentals prior to the crisis. Chapter III provides the first economic interpretation and empirical analysis of the credit limit frameworks employed by central banks in the past.
12
Svihran, Katrina. "The friction between rationales of national ownership, macroeconomic prudence/supervision and financial restructuring in national banking sectors, how global/regional trade agreements have intensified a competitive rivalry among financial firms operating in the global economy based on the differences between domestic regulatory frameworks." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0007/MQ46154.pdf.
Full text
13
Stanziola, Irene. "International finance : financing a syndicated loan agreement." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=65524.
Full text
14
Oliveira, Joana Pereira. "Curricular training report: clinical studies coordination in a clinical research organization vs an investigational site perspective." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/15780.
Full textAbstract:
Mestrado em Biomedicina FarmacêuticaThis report describes my experience of nine months as a trainee of a CRO (Eurotrials, Scientific Consultants), as well as a trainee of a clinical research site (Clinical Academic Center – Braga, Association). This document describes the European framework about clinical research and the Portuguese situation compared to similar countries. The activities developed during this internship are also described. These activities are divided in two phases. The first one occurred in Eurotrials, Scientific Consultants, a CRO specialized in clinical research and scientific advice. The first weeks were dedicated to intensive self-training needed to perform CTA tasks. These tasks included qualification, initiation and monitoring activities related to clinical trials, as well as the development of a quality management system. The second phase took place on 2CA-Braga, a clinical research center located in Hospital of Braga. Clinical studies coordination was the main focus of this second phase of my internship, as well as negotiation of clinical studies agreements. I had also the opportunity to participate in “1as Jornadas de Investigação Clínica e Inovação” (1st Clinical Investigation and Innovation Conference) organized by 2CA-Braga. Globally, this internship was a great opportunity to get knowledge and experience in the implementation and management of clinical trials, in a CRO and clinical research site perspectives. These two perspectives provided an interesting overview about the scientific needs of different players involved in clinical research. To conclude, this internship strengthened the knowledge acquired from my academic background, which make me able to face and overcome new challenges in the clinical research area.
Este relatório descreve a minha experiência de nove meses enquanto estagiária numa CRO (Eurotrials, Consultores Científicos) e num centro de investigação clínica (Centro Clínico Académico – Braga, Associação). Este documento começa por analisar o enquadramento europeu da investigação clínica e, posteriormente, a situação portuguesa comparativamente a países similares. De seguida, são descritas as atividades desenvolvidas no âmbito deste estágio, as quais foram divididas em duas fases. A primeira fase desenrolou-se na Eurotrials, Consultores Científicos, uma CRO especializada em investigação clínica e consultoria científica. As primeiras semanas foram dedicadas ao treino e à formação necessários para o desempenho de tarefas como assistente de estudos clínicos. Estas tarefas incluíram a participação em várias atividades de qualificação, iniciação e monitorização de estudos clínicos, assim como o desenvolvimento e aperfeiçoamento de um sistema de gestão de qualidade. A segunda vertente decorreu no 2CA-Braga, um centro de investigação clínica localizado no Hospital de Braga. Nesta fase, o estágio focou-se essencialmente na coordenação de estudos clínicos, assim como, em atividades relacionadas com o processo de revisão/negociação de contratos financeiros. Para além disso, tive a oportunidade de participar nas “1as Jornadas de Investigação Clínica e Inovação” organizadas pelo 2CA-Braga. Globalmente, o estágio traduziu-se numa excelente oportunidade para ganhar conhecimentos e experiência nas tarefas associadas a projetos e serviços no âmbito da implementação e gestão de estudos clínicos, na perspetiva de uma CRO e de um centro de investigação clínica. A integração destas duas perspetivas permitiu-me identificar e confluir necessidades específicas de diferentes players envolvidos na investigação clínica. Concluindo, este estágio permitiu-me aplicar e aperfeiçoar os conhecimentos adquiridos durante a minha formação académica tornando-me capaz de enfrentar e transpor novos desafios na área da investigação clínica.
15
Hoang, Quang. "Fast driftställe enligt OECD:s modellavtal i ljuset av elektronisk handel." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Commercial Law, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-12468.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this thesis is to examine whether the concept of permanent establishment, as defined in Article 5 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and Capital, is applicable to electronic commerce and if so whether the current definition is able to appropriately deal with the challenges of electronic commerce.
In 2003, the OECD added a new section to the Commentary on the Model Tax Convention on Article 5. The new section is a clarification on the application of the permanent establishment definition in electronic commerce.
The current definition of permanent establishment in the Model Tax Convention relies on the physical presence of a foreign corporation as the threshold for source taxation. While the current definition, prima facie, might be applicable on electronic commerce, the highly mobile nature of electronic commerce might affect the current revenue distribution equilibrium between states.
16
Djäken, Eric, and Bergendahl Karin Norell. "Samverkansoptimering i projekteringsfasen." Thesis, KTH, Byggteknik och design, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-259950.
Full textAbstract:
Relationen mellan entreprenörer och beställare i byggbranschen har ofta en brist på tillit vilket är ogynnsamt både för projekten och den involverade personalen. Mycket tid läggs på att hantera tvister och det finns ett antagande att parterna är ute efter att lura varandra till egen vinning. Det blir i sin tur ett negativ utfall för både entreprenören och beställaren då det bidrar till att projekten ofta blir dyrare och tar längre tid än nödvändigt. Dessvärre har branschen sett ut så väldigt länge men det finns bättre sätt att arbeta på. NCC:s affärsområden NCC Building Sweden och NCC Property Development arbetar tillsammans i partneringavtalsprojekt och har under de projekt de arbetat i byggt upp en relation som skapar trevlig arbetsmiljö och väl genomförda projekt. De arbetar med ekonomiskt incitament som gör att tiden som läggs på att hantera vem som blir betalningsskyldig vid ändringar och liknande minimeras. Trots att den nära och välutvecklade relationen ger många positiva effekter finns det brister även i dessa projekt. Det finns en viss otydlighet mellan parterna och rollerna som bidrar till att vissa frågor och ansvarsområden saknar ägare. Det är även mycket information om arbetssätt och beslut som hamnar på individnivå på grund av att dokumentation utelämnas, vilket i sin tur gör det svårt för ny personal att komma in i projekten och man går miste om erfarenheter från tidigare projekt. Rapporten undersöker hur partneringavtalsprojekten skiljer sig från NCC dokumenterade sätt att arbeta. Syftet är att finna sätt att optimera samarbetet mellan NCC Building Sweden och NCC Property Development och i förlängning finna sätt att skapa mer tydlighet samt bättre sätt att hantera ny personal i projekten. Med hjälp av noga granskning av den dokumenterade processen och intervjuer kan jämförelser mellan arbetssätten göras för att utforma resultat. Resultatet används sedan för att hitta fördelar och nackdelar med projekt med partneringavtal samt komma fram till sätt att optimera samarbetet i dessa projekt. Intervjuer visar att partneringavtalsprojekten är fördelaktiga på många vis men det skulle behövas tydliga gränsdragningslistor över ansvarsfördelningen mellan beställare och entreprenör och mellan de olika rollerna hos parterna. För att förbättra förutsättningar för kommande projekt och lättare ta in ny personal behövs bättre dokumentation över arbetssätt och erfarenheter.The relationship between contractor and developer in the construction industry often has a lack of trust, which is unfavorable for both the projects and the staff involved. A lot of time is spent on dealing with disputes and there is an assumption that the parties are looking to con each other to their own gain. This leads to a negative outcome for both the contractor and the developer, as this contributes to the projects often becoming more expensive and more time consuming than necessary. Unfortunately, the industry has been like this for a long time, but there are better ways to work. NCC's business areas NCC Building Sweden and NCC Property Development are working together in projects with partnering agreement and during these projects they have managed to build a relationship that creates a more pleasant work environment and well-executed projects. They work with financial incentives, which means that the time spent managing who are liable for payment in the event of changes or similar is minimized. Although this close and well-developed relationship has many positive effects, there are also shortcomings in these projects. There is a certain lack of clarity between the parties and the roles that contribute to certain issues and areas of responsibility lacking owners. There is also a lot of information about working methods and decisions that end up at the individual level due to the fact that documentation is omitted. This makes it difficult for new staff to enter the projects and one loses out on experiences from previous projects. The report looks in to how the projects with partnering agreement differ from NCC's documented ways of working. The purpose is to find ways to optimize the cooperation between NCC Building Sweden and NCC Property Development and, by extension, find ways to create more clarity and better ways to manage new staff in the projects. With the help of careful examination of the documented process and interviews, comparisons between the working methods can be made to form results. The result is then used to find advantages and disadvantages of projects with partnering agreements and to find ways to optimize the cooperation in these projects. Interviews show that the projects with partnering agreement are advantageous in many ways, but clear lists of boundaries of responsibility between the contractor and the developer and between the different roles of the parties would be needed. In order to improve the conditions for future projects and to facilitate the introduction of new staff, better documentation of working methods and experiences is needed.
17
Reis, N. C. M. "Will CARICOM countries be vulnerable to financial crises as a result of the Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) : the Cotonou Agreement?" Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 2014. http://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/27729/.
Full textAbstract:
Whether the EPA contains the seeds of potential financial crises in relation to the CARICOM countries, using the concepts of globalisation, volatility risk and hubris (of leadership, economic thought and a weak regulatory environment). This study seeks to establish whether financial crises may occur when the variables of globalisation, volatility risk and hubris within a weak regulatory environment coincide within the framework of the Economic Partnership Agreement between the ACP countries, (in particular the CARICOM countries) and the EU (the Cotonou Agreement). Ultimately it is the intention to assess whether there is any association between these factors to determine if when combined we can anticipate the likely occurrence of financial crises. A number of research hypotheses were derived from the review of the literature in Documents 2 and 3. The evidence presented in Document 4 did not support the null hypotheses and allowed us to conclude that there is a statistical association among globalisation, volatility risk and hubris. In conclusion, we explore the attitudes of key sectors with respect to the EPA economic framework and proffer that a likely combination of these three variables may contribute to the occurrence of financial crises. Furthermore it is the author’s contention that the Cotonou Agreement may contain the ingredients to usher in another financial crisis.
18
Marolla, Eugenia Cristina Cleto. "O equilíbrio econômico-financeiro nas concessões regidas pela Lei nº 8.987/95." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2010. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/8963.
Full textAbstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:30:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Eugenia Cristina Cleto Marolla.pdf: 1161775 bytes, checksum: d2820173fa1c0aa9840bb49e3f297caa (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2010-05-19The use of concessions for the provision of public services is a tool that has been widely employed by the Local, State and Federal Governments. Through them the State transfer the provision of a public service to a third party, which will perform it at its own risk and being paid for such services. Therefore, the concession encompasses two conflicting interests: on one side the State interests for a suitable service provision and, on the other side, the private interests in profiting through rendering the service. The balance between both interests results in a economic-financial equation, a tool that can guarantee the relationship maintenance, among the benefits and duties agreed by the parties, and which they view as ideal for the attainment of their interests and which should be kept throughout the whole necessarily-long performance of the contract. Nowadays, the maintenance of economic-financial balance stands out in face of the increasing risks and of the need for heavy fund allocation for making the concession viable, which demands luring investments in an extremely competitive market, which has been increasingly requiring greater guarantees. On the other hand, the problems brought forth by the breakdown of the economic-financial equation are the most frequent and stormy in the daily routine of public services concessions, often leading the parties to lengthy and costly litigations. Thus, the reflection on the principle of economic-financial balance and its adaptation to the present situation is necessary, and mainly after the enactment of Law 8.987/95, about the points that generate more questions and about the importance for the improvement of tools for preventing disputes, such as planning, straightforward well-prepared agreement clauses and the performance of ordinary and extraordinary reviews. This paper aims at portraying that legal security creates a virtuous circle concerning the concession agreements, thus being the maintenance of the economic-financial balance mandatory for the accomplishment of this purpose
A utilização da concessão para a prestação dos serviços públicos é instrumento que vem sendo utilizado em larga escala pelos governos Municipal, Estadual e Federal. Por meio dela, o Estado transfere a prestação de um serviço público a terceiro, que o executará por sua conta e risco, remunerando-se por meio da exploração do serviço. A concessão abriga, portanto, dois objetivos contrapostos: de um lado, o interesse do Estado na prestação de um serviço adequado; de outro, o intento do particular em obter lucro com a prestação do serviço. O equilíbrio desses dois interesses resulta na equação econômico-financeira, ferramenta apta a garantir a manutenção da relação entre as vantagens e obrigações acordadas pelas partes, tida por elas como ideais para a consecução de seus objetivos. Esse equilíbrio deve ser mantido durante toda a execução, necessariamente longa, do contrato. Na atualidade, a manutenção do equilíbrio econômico-financeiro ganha relevo ante ao incremento dos riscos e da necessidade de grandes aportes de recursos para a viabilização da concessão. A consecução dos deveres do Estado demanda a atração de investimentos elevados, implicando na exigência da outorga de garantias maiores para que o capital particular seja atraído para esse fim. Os litígios decorrentes da quebra da equação econômico-financeira são dos mais recorrentes e tormentosos no dia a dia das concessões de serviços públicos, levando as partes, não raramente, a longas e custosas disputas judiciais. Por essa razão, faz-se necessária a reflexão sobre o princípio do equilíbrio econômico-financeiro e sua conformação na atualidade, principalmente após a edição da Lei 8.987/95. Afigura-se imperativo o aperfeiçoamento de instrumentos de prevenção de litígios como o planejamento, a redação de cláusulas contratuais mais claras e bem elaboradas e a realização de revisões ordinárias e extraordinárias. Pretende-se mostrar, na presente dissertação, que a segurança jurídica cria um círculo virtuoso em relação aos contratos de concessão e a manutenção do equilíbrio econômico-financeiro mostra-se essencial para a efetivação desse intento
19
Andersson, Josefine. "Insurances against job loss and disability : Private and public interventions and their effects on job search and labor supply." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Nationalekonomiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-327916.
Full textAbstract:
Essay I: Employment Security Agreements, which are elements of Swedish collective agreements, offer a unique opportunity to study very early job search counselling of displaced workers. These agreements provide individual job search assistance to workers who are dismissed due to redundancy, often as early as during the period of notice. Compared to traditional labor market policies, the assistance provided is earlier and more responsive to the needs of the individual worker. In this study, I investigate the effects of the individual counseling and job search assistance provided through the Employment Security Agreement for Swedish blue-collar workers on job finding and subsequent job quality. The empirical strategy is based on the rules of eligibility in a regression discontinuity framework. I estimate the effect for workers with short tenure, who are dismissed through mass-layoffs. My results do not suggest that the program has an effect on the probability of becoming unemployed, the duration of unemployment, or income. However, the results indicate that the program has a positive effect on the duration of the next job. Essay II: The well-known positive relationship between the unemployment benefit level and unemployment duration can be separated into two potential sources; a moral hazard effect, and a liquidity effect pertaining to the increased ability to smooth consumption. The latter is a socially optimal response due to credit and insurance market failures. These two effects are difficult to separate empirically, but the social optimality of an unemployment insurance policy can be evaluated by studying the effect of a non-distortionary lump-sum severance grant on unemployment durations. In this study, I evaluate the effects on unemployment duration and subsequent job quality of a lump-sum severance grant provided to displaced workers, by means of a Swedish collective agreement. I use a regression discontinuity design, based on the strict age requirement to be eligible for the grant. I find that the lump-sum grant has a positive effect on the probability of becoming unemployed and the length of the completed unemployment duration, but no effect on subsequent job quality. My analysis also indicates that spousal income is important for the consumption smoothing abilities of displaced workers, and that the grant may have a greater effect in times of more favorable labor market conditions. Essay III: Evidence from around the world suggest that individuals who are awarded disability benefits in some cases still have residual working capacity, while disability insurance systems typically involve strong disincentives for benefit recipients to work. Some countries have introduced policies to incentivize disability insurance recipients to use their residual working capacities on the labor market. One such policy is the continuous deduction program in Sweden, introduced in 2009. In this study, I investigate whether the financial incentives provided by this program induce disability insurance recipients to increase their labor supply or education level. Retroactively determined eligibility to the program with respect to time of benefit award provides a setting resembling a natural experiment, which could be used to estimate the effects of the program using a regression discontinuity design. However, a simultaneous regime change of disability insurance eligibility causes covariate differences between treated and controls, which I adjust for using a matching strategy. My results suggest that the financial incentives provided by the program have not had any effect on labor supply or educational attainment.
20
Náhlovský, David. "Stínové bankovnictví a jeho vliv na stabilitu finančních trhů." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-201572.
Full textAbstract:
This diploma thesis is focused on shadow banking and its impact on the financial markets. The first section defines shadow banking and offers an overview of its instruments and activities with focus on the advantages and risks related to securitization, repurchase agreements and money market funds. The second section begins with an overview of systemic risk emerging from shadow banking activities. Substantial part of the thesis is dedicated to measurement of the shadow banking sector size based on methods of Financial Stability Board. The thesis concludes with an overview of current regulatory progress in transforming shadow banking into resilient market-based finance.
21
Valihrachová, Lea. "Rozdíly mezi českou účetní legislativou a mezinárodními účetními standardy u dlouhodobého majetku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-374717.
Full textAbstract:
There is a significant number of differences between the Czech accounting legislation and the International Financial Reporting standards in the area of posting and presentation of non-current assets. These are eliminated by the process of harmonization within the European Union. Harmonization process shows clear advantages for the users of financial information; however, the process is still not fully completed. Continuous changes in accounting rules also bring to business a lot of complications and additional costs. The diploma thesis presents a comparison of both accounting conceptions; shows a discussion on their advantages and disadvantages and demonstrates the impact of different approaches to booking for non-current assets to the financial statements of a business entity.
22
Bouriche, Riadh. "Les réformes fiscales et douanières en Algérie dans le cadre des accords euro-méditerranéens : une approche relationnelle et institutionnelle de l'association interrégionale." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CERG0799.
Full textAbstract:
Avec les accords euro-méditerranéens d’association, les pouvoirs publics algériens sont appelés à respecter les engagements internationaux et régionaux qui en résultent. Il s’agit en particulier de mettre en conformité les administrations fiscales et douanières. En effet, les transformations économiques et juridiques que produit la mise en place de ce genre d’accord d’association interpellent notamment les législateurs algériens pour entreprendre des réformes fiscales et douanières qui s’imposent par la libéralisation des échanges. L’objectif est donc de rapprocher le droit fiscal et douanier de l’Algérie avec les législations en vigueur dans les Etats de l’Union européenne et plus généralement euro-méditerranéens. C’est dans ce cadre que notre sujet se propose d’approcher et de débattre la réforme fiscale et douanière en Algérie. Pour cela, ce travail débute par une réflexion sur cet accord d’association, qui passe par l’évolution des relations entre l’Algérie et l’Union européenne. Puis nous abordons plus précisément la question des réformes fiscales et douanières en Algérie dans le cadre de cet accord d’association. Pour terminer nous traitons de l’importance de la bonne gouvernance financière dans le cadre de l’intégration régionaleWith the Euro-Mediterranean Association Agreements, the Algerian authorities are required to comply with the resulting international and regional commitments. This concerns in particular the conformity to the tax and customs administrations. In fact, the economic and legal transformations implemented by such an association agreement demand the Algerian legislators to undertake fiscal and customs reforms required by trade liberalization. The goal, therefore, is to bring the Algerian tax and customs law closer to the laws in force in the European Union states and more particularly in the Euro-Mediterranean ones. It is in this context that we aim through our subject to approach and discuss tax and customs reform in Algeria. For this, the work begins with a reflection on the Association Agreement, achieved through the development of relations between Algeria and the European Union. Then, we tackle specifically the issue of tax and customs reforms in Algeria on the occasion of the Euro-Mediterranean agreements. Finally we discuss the importance of good financial governance in the context of regional integration
23
Marain, Gaëtan. "La juridicisation de la responsabilité sociétale des entreprises." Thesis, Paris 9, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA090008.
Full textAbstract:
La commission européenne définit la responsabilité sociétale des entreprises comme « l'intégration volontaire des préoccupations sociales et écologiques des entreprises à leurs activités commerciales et leurs relations avec leurs parties prenantes » . la rse se subdivise en trois partie : l'écologie, le social et la gouvernance.jusqu'à présent, la rse était cantonnée à des guides de bonne conduite et un discours marketing bien rodé. le seul risque encouru par l'entreprise ne respectant pas ses engagement était une atteinte à son image (plus ou moins importante selon le degré de médiatisation de l'entreprise, allant de la simple condamnation par la presse spécialisée jusqu'au boycott).le terme responsabilité était alors restreint à l'acception commune, une sorte d'exigence morale. mais, la rse tend à investir le droit, et le risque de contentieux juridique apparaît. elle peut alors se comprendre comme la tentative de sanctionner par le droit un comportement autrefois seulement fustigé par l'éthique. elle correspond à un rapprochement de la morale et du droit, dans un mouvement inverse à celui qu'avait connu jusqu'alors la responsabilité.cette responsabilité émerge dans l'actualité. c'est l'affaire de l'erika. le tribunal correctionnel de paris a récemment condamné l'affréteur total à 192 millions d'euros de dommages et intérêts pour « préjudice écologique » en reconnaissant notamment l'atteinte au « vivant non commercial ». on assiste à une extension de la chaîne des responsabilités. de l'affréteur aux oiseaux et au littoral en passant par un armateur, des sociétés de notation, des gestionnaires du navire, des personnes publiques et des associations des défense de l'environnement. l'écran juridique de la société est écarté au profit de la notion plus large d'entrepriseSocial responsibility standards voluntarily set by a company create obligations both in respect of their issuers and their receptors. Law operates a double movement of legalization (they shall become binding for employees) and control (this binding nature is to exist only if it satisfies the justification and proportionality criteria) to standards that create new constraints for employees. The employer may, espacially by means of a code of conduct, restrict the exercise of freedom of its employees provided that such limitation is justified by the interest of the company and proportionate to the aim pursued. In addition, under the influence of a renovated corporate governance, social interest is now open to the interests of stakeholders. This changes the responsibilities of executives and forces them to set up and report on their corporate social responsibility policies. Once acquired the idea that a company has to integrate social responsibility into its business, the question of the legal nature of the measures implemented comes into play. One may distinguish on the one hand unilateral initiatives of the company, usually by means of a code of conduct and, on the other hand, concerted initiatives taking the form of international framework agreements. Both of these CSR instruments are relatively foreign to lawyers. After comparing codes of conduct and unilateral commitments, I attempted to legally qualify international framework agreements through a contractual perspective. From these analyzes, it appears that commitments entered into by a company, whether unilaterally or adopted after consultation, generate binding obligations. Standards of corporate social responsibility are subject to a process of legalization and individuals can now usefully use them as part of a trial to assert their claims
24
Staak, Sam van der. "Trade liberalisation and financial compensation : the BLNS states in the wake of the EU-South African trade and development agreement /." Leiden : African Studies Centre, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1887/12891.
Full text
25
Mirandola, Carlos Maurício Sakata. "Globalização financeira e integração de mercados financeiros nacionais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2135/tde-04012011-105821/.
Full textAbstract:
O presente estudo tem dois objetivos. O primeiro (1) é substantivo: contribuir com o debate sobre globalização financeira, ajudando a nele incorporar uma dimensão que parecia um pouco fora de foco em diversas discussões a dimensão jurídico-institucional empírica. O segundo (2) é metodológico, e não se relaciona diretamente com o objeto da pesquisa: ajudar a incorporar ao estudo do direito no Brasil a utilização de certas técnicas empíricas que permitiriam o exercício mais freqüente do que se será chamado aqui de ceticismo esclarecido pela empiria o salutar questionamento de afirmações doutrinais peremptórias com o auxílio de evidência empírica. Em relação ao objetivo (1), apresenta-se a seguinte tese. A globalização financeira é produto de diversos processos heterogêneos de cooperação internacional, políticas governamentais, reformas legislativas e estratégias políticas. Tais processos têm determinantes diversos, e objetivos variados, não apenas liberalização. De fato, mera liberalização unilateral não daria suporte suficiente ao aumento de fluxos financeiros transfronteiriços a globalização só pôde e só pode ocorrer em vista da criação de uma diversidade de estruturas internacionais, incluídas aí as bilaterais, plurilaterais e multilaterais. Estas resultaram em uma densa malha jurídico-institucional que, para ser criada, demandou mudanças por diversas vezes dolorosas e custosas aos países que as implantaram, assim como grandes esforços de negociação. Somente porque existe essa malha jurídica, cuja origem é a atividade política dos governos nacionais, é que investidores e empresas financeiras puderam e podem cruzar fronteiras, deter ativos no estrangeiro, e fazê-los circular em nível global. A globalização é resultado, não da abdicação e retração dos Estados, mas do ativo engajamento de seus governos na persecução de objetivos de política pública. Trata-se, portanto, de uma reação a interpretações concorrentes, segundo as quais a globalização financeira estaria sendo causada pela retração dos Estados Nacionais, que estariam se retirando da atividade regulatória, de forma geral, e da regulação das finanças, de formas mais específicas. A primeira parte consiste de dois capítulos discutindo os arranjos jurídico-institucionais que geraram a globalização financeira. A metodologia utilizada foi primordialmente qualitativa. Realizaram-se reconstruções institucionais comparadas, discutindo a evolução de certos arranjos de governança do sistema financeiro. Dois conjuntos de análises de casos foram realizados: (a) uma sobre a formação comparada de Sistemas Financeiros Nacionais, e (b) outra sobre processos comparados de integração financeira. A segunda parte consiste de um capítulo discutindo correlações entre indicadores econômicos e processos de globalização financeira. Aplicaram-se métodos econométricos sobre uma grande base de dados reunida e criada exclusivamente para esta pesquisa.This study has two objectives. The first (1) is substantive: to contribute to the debate on globalization by helping to incorporate to it a dimension that has been somewhat left aside in many discussions the legal-institutional dimension. The second (2) is methodological, and not directly related to the subject of research: to help incorporating to the study of law in Brazil the use of certain empirical techniques that allow the exercise of what can be called a skepticism enlightened by the empiricism - the healthy questioning of doctrinal statements with the aid of empirical evidence. In relation of (1), the following thesis is advanced. Financial globalization is the product of several heterogeneous processes of international cooperation, government policies, legislative reforms and legal strategies. These processes have several determinants, and varied objectives, not just liberalization. In fact, a mere unilateral liberalization process would not give enough support to increase cross-border financial flows - globalization could only and may only occur in view of a diversity of international structures, including bilateral, plurilateral and multilateral agreements. These resulted in a dense mesh of legal and institutional structures, that to be created, demanded changes several times painful and costly to the countries that have implemented, as well as major efforts to negotiate. Only because of such legal tissue, whose origin is the political activity of national governments, is that investors and financial institutions could and can cross borders, holding assets abroad, and circulate them globally. Globalization is the result, not the abdication of the retraction, but the active engagement of governments in their pursuit of public policy objectives. The thesis is therefore a reaction to competing interpretations, under which financial globalization was being caused by the retraction of nation states, they were withdrawing from regulatory activity, in general, and regulation of finance, more specific forms. The first part consists of two chapters discussing the legal and institutional arrangements that led to financial globalization. The methodology was primarily qualitative. There were institutional compared reconstructions, discussing the evolution of certain governance arrangements of the financial system. Two sets of case studies were conducted: (a) training on a comparison of national financial systems, and (b) the other on the comparative analysis of financial integration. The second part consists of a chapter discussing correlations between economic indicators and processes of financial globalization. Were applied econometric methods on a large database collected and created exclusively for this research.
26
Kornfeld, Hannah. "After the Paris Agreement: How India Can Use Climate Financing to Implement a Sustainable Clean Cookstove Program." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2016. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1590.
Full textAbstract:
The burning of biomass for cooking purposes without proper ventilation and filters poses a massive health and climate risk. Health implications from exposure to household air pollution from this type of fuel impacts women and children in many developing countries, who spend many hours a day cooking and gathering fuel. Climate implications from burning solid biomass results in increased carbon dioxide and black carbon emissions, which contribute to global climate change. This thesis aims to explore the issues associated with biomass cookstoves in terms of both health and climate, and seeks to understand how a new national clean cookstove program could be funded in India. This includes potential partnerships with United States agencies, nonprofit organizations, and other international funding sources. The topic of clean cookstoves has gained traction as a strategy to mitigate emissions and adapt to a changing climate, and with the recent passing of the United Nations Paris Agreement, funding is increasing to support programs that address climate impacts.
27
Cederlund, Douglas, and Karl Hammarsten. "Balanced interests in the Paris Agreement : Analysis of COP attendees’ interests at multilateral climate negotiations pre- and post-the Paris Agreement." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema Miljöförändring, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-176022.
Full textAbstract:
The United Nations climate change conferences are the utmost platform for climate change negotiations and are convened under an international treaty known as the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The causes of greenhouse gas emissions are deeply embedded in the economic and social activity on a global scale and yet, developing countries are expected to evolve into developed countries without straining the environment further. Knowledge of the interest of the participants at the COP is limited since no other research projects have measured it quantitively and at a large scale. This thesis aims to examine the professional interest in adaptation of delegates to the UNFCCC relative to other issue areas (mitigation and financing) and if there has been a shift in focus pre- and post-Paris Agreement. This thesis uses quantitative survey data gathered by The International Negotiations Survey (INS) together with two external indexes and data regarding CO2 emissions per capita for each country. While the chosen indexes to some extent overlap, they both contribute to the analysis by allowing to (1) measure the economic and social development of a country (HDI), (2) measure a country´s vulnerability to climate change (ND-GAIN). The results in this thesis show that there is a difference in interest among respondents that represent different HDI-categories. Results show that when comparing interest in adaptation to the external indexes, the more vulnerable a country is to the effects of climate change according to their ND-GAIN score the more interested their delegates are in adaptation. The results also indicate that respondents that represent countries that are most capable of addressing the effects of climate change show the least interest in doing so.
28
Higham, Andrew. "Financing technology in a post-2012 international climate change agreement: leveraging private investment for climate change mitigation technologies." Thesis, Higham, Andrew (2010) Financing technology in a post-2012 international climate change agreement: leveraging private investment for climate change mitigation technologies. Masters by Coursework thesis, Murdoch University, 2010. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/4069/.
Full textAbstract:
The Bali Action Plan (UNFCCC, 2007a) acknowledges the central roles of finance and technology in the successful implementation of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (‘the Convention’). They form two of the four building blocks for a post-2012 international climate change agreement. For developing countries, the conclusion of negotiations for an acceptable and successful agreement hinges upon the provision of financial and technology sup-port from developed countries, commensurate with the identified needs, in accordance with the polluter pays principle and the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities, and reflecting the full agreed incremental costs of meeting the objectives of the Convention.
This dissertation presents research undertaken in support of these negotiations and the design of new financing and technology development and transfer policies to underpin the mitigation and adaptation efforts of the post-2012 agreement, as mandated by decision 3/CP.13 of the Conference of the Parties. The research contained within this dissertation draws and builds upon the re-ports of the Expert Group on Technology Transfer (UNFCCC, 2008a; 2009a;b) which were pre-pared in response to the mandate of the Conference of the Parties.
Financing for technology will need to be scaled up by an order of magnitude, across all technologies and in all nations (UNFCCC, 2009b). In the order of USD 1 trillion in investment, both public and private, needs to be mobilized each year (IEA, 2008a). Using estimates of the incremental costs for developing countries, the cost for Annex II Parties is estimated at an additional USD 262–670 billion per year for mitigation technologies and USD 33–163 billion per year to adapt to climate change (see UNFCCC, 2009a, pp 31–33). A wide range of financing options and technology development and transfer policies are avail-able, some with greater potential than others to mobilise the necessary financial resources. Effectiveness varies across policy instruments. Combining policy options so as to exploit synergies, and matching of policy responses to local and national circumstances can be significant determinants of a successful regime.
This dissertation attempts to assess and compare the possible public and private financing needs, based on the policy concept of ‘leveraging the private sector’, which is commonly touted within the negotiations by many national governments as an essential policy objective for finance and technology. Available options are described and proposals are analysed according to their effectiveness.
Scenarios of public and private financing for technology development and transfer are developed based on the average leveraging ratios achieved by a wide range of policies and programmes at the national, regional and international level. Policies under consideration both at the international and national levels are included where estimates of their leveraging potential can be made. The assessment is made for each stage of the technology innovation cycle (research and development, demonstration, deployment, diffusion) and estimates are made of the amounts of public financing required.
The results of this dissertation point to the significant role that public finance will play in achieving the objectives of the Convention. Scenarios that involve a significant increase in the leveraging effect of public policies and investment programmes on the private sector will still require substantial public investment, in the order of USD 30–160 billion per annum. It is estimated that, under this scenario, the private sector share of total investment would be increased from the current levels of approximately 60 per cent to 75–80 per cent. The results also suggest that the financial mechanism of the Convention needs to take a more prominent role in coordinating the overall delivery of financing and to help optimize the potential for private sector financing. Integrated design of public policies and investment programmes will be important and a wide range of innovative financing instruments and types of finance will need to be deployed in a targeted way to address qualitative and quantitative gaps in the existing financial arrangements.
29
Kanee, Emmanuel Lah. "Strategies to Manage Transfer Pricing Risks." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7812.
Full textAbstract:
Transfer pricing compliance related issues continue to pose challenges to leaders of multinational entities (MNEs) and tax regulators. MNE leaders strive to mitigate the risks of non-compliance violations and double taxation, while tax regulators seek to minimize profit shifting and revenue losses. This multiple case study explored strategies for managing transfer pricing risks against the backdrop of various risks MNE leaders face for non-compliance violations. The cost contribution agreement theory served as the conceptual framework for this study. Data were collected from organizational documents and semistructured interviews conducted with 6 finance executives representing 2 multinational entities in the midwest and southwest regions of the United States who have implemented successful strategies to manage transfer pricing risks. Data were analyzed using Yin's multiple-step thematic analysis process. Following the thematic data analysis 5 themes emerged, including commitment to tax compliance, tax minimization, advance pricing agreement (APA), comparable uncontrolled price method (CUP), and cost plus method (CPM). MNE leaders favor commitment to tax compliance as an effective strategy as penalties for non-compliance increases risks to business functionality. The findings of this study may help business leaders to follow compliance procedures and adopt risk mitigation strategies, while also informing regulators to update tax regulations to reflect current economic realities. The findings of this study could result in positive social change through an enhanced governmental revenue that stimulates economic growth, improves productivity, and promotes technological innovations.
30
Makki, Fadi A. "Financial services in the World Trade Organisation (WTO) and the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) : development towards the rule of law." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.245225.
Full text
31
Men, Jing 1971. "Is it a castle in the air? : assessing the Sino-US WTO agreement : from the perspective of telecommunications and banking liberalization." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33363.
Full textAbstract:
China, a nation inhabited by one fifth of the world's population and often referred to as "the sleeping giant", is undergoing significant transition. China, subject to domestic changes in its quest for a new balance between traditions, socialist notions and market economy, defines its new role in a changing world that drives towards the globalization of trade in goods and services faces.This study examines the Chinese position regarding two aspects significant for both China's domestic process of transition and China's international role: telecommunications and banking services. The first chapter examines the general international framework of the GATS with respect to telecommunications and financial services. This includes, inter alia, a study of the legal framework, comprising in particular the WTO Financial Services Agreement and the Basic Telecommunications Agreement. Chapter Two provides an overview of the Chinese telecommunications and banking sectors. This Chapter focuses on the historical and cultural background influencing the process of domestic deregulation and internationalization of these sectors. Chapter Three features an assessment of the Sino-US WTO Agreement on the telecommunications and banking sectors. In the course of this study, a number of concerns and probable consequences can be identified for both sectors examined.
Will "the sleeping giant" move on towards complete market liberalization, or is that prospect merely a castle in the air? This study explores how the China's legal framework governing these two key sectors might unfold.
32
Limburská, Martina. "Leasingová smlouva v českém, slovenském a rakouském právu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-150153.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this thesis is to provide complex information on the characteristics of leasing, its cathegorisation and accounting issues including the comparison of leasing relationships outside of the Czech Republic, namely in Austria and in Slovakia. The work is divided into nine chapters, first three of them deal with general concept of leasing -- its history, various types and particularly with the legal framework of leasing in the applicable Czech legislation. The subsequent chapters focus on the lease agreement itself from the moment it comes to existence including the principal requirements of the agreement through changes that may occur during the existence of the agreement to its termination. The eighth chapter is intended to acquaint the reader with accounting of the lease transaction under the international financial reporting standards IFRS and to compare these accounting transactions with processes contained in the Czech accounting legislation. The last part of the work is based mainly on materials provided by IKB Leasing ČR s.r.o. and focuses on differences in the regulation of leasing relationship in Slovakia and Austria.
33
Rees, Alan Norman, and n/a. "Strategic alliance as an entrepreneurial stimulus for learning in mature stage organizations : a case study of financial services organizations entering into cross industry agreement strategic alliances." Swinburne University of Technology, 2005. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au./public/adt-VSWT20070424.180436.
Full textAbstract:
Sustained success for an organization is based upon its ability to constantly realign with opportunities that emerge within their markets. Thus, organizations must continually evolve as markets evolve.
This thesis examined how mature stage organizations within the financial services industry can adopt entrepreneurial approaches to learn, evolve and improve their competitiveness. Despite the rate of technological change, globalization, and convergence of industries that has occurred in the last decade, there is no clear model to support the adoption of entrepreneurial activities within mature stage organizations. Adopting an exploratory qualitative case study approach, the researcher interviewed informants with experience in the financial services industry in Australia, Europe, North and South Asia, and the United States of America to explore the research question: How do mature stage organizations integrate strategic alliances as an entrepreneurial approach and capitalize on learning in response to evolving markets?
Interviewing key informants within the financial services industry, the study confirmed a range of means of conceptualizing, introducing, and managing new business initiatives through strategic alliances. These findings were synthesized into a hypothetical organization in which, it became evident, the more entrepreneurial and innovative the organization became, the more capable it was of sourcing and responding to new opportunities within existing and related markets.
The study confirmed the need in strategic alliances for shared vision, strong leadership, effective communication of the organization's direction and strategy, a culture that embraces flexibility, business competence, a commitment to respect and manage differences between organizations, an ability to work collaboratively, and a willingness to upgrade or replace business processes and technologies to support innovation.
The study sought to provide an understanding of how entrepreneurial approaches can remain fluid rather than become static, and how they can be preserved within mature organizations. The importance of leadership, commonality of vision, collaboration, communication, integration of business structures and processes, and willingness to learn from each other began to emerge as central issues from the initial interviews. Consequently, a second research question was added: How do partnering organizations operating in the mature stage of a corporate life cycle within the construct of a cross industry agreement strategic alliance adopt an entrepreneurial approach and mutually learn to recast the direction of their relationship?
The study confirmed that organizations should develop and support a culture that embraces learning, flexibility and change. Entrepreneurial organizations require vision, leadership, business structures, processes, and competencies to support innovation.
This research adds to the field by establishing that innovation is embedded in the ability of partnering organizations to learn continuously and collaboratively. In doing so, they become more capable of realigning with changing markets and creating and capitalizing on new markets. The research concludes that less hierarchical organizational structures within partnering organizations support strategic alliances and promote the ability of organizations to learn how to cooperate, collaborate, and grow individually and mutually together.
34
Rees, Alan Norman. "Strategic alliance as an entrepreneurial stimulus for learning in mature stage organizations a case study of financial services organizations entering into cross industry agreement strategic alliances /." Australasian Digital Thesis Program, 2005. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au/public/adt-VSWT20070424.180436/index.html.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (DBA) -- Swinburne University of Technology, Australian Graduate School of Entrepreneurship, 2005.Dissertation submitted to the Australian Graduate School of Entrepreneurship in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctorate of Business Administration, Swinburne University of Technology, 2005. Typescript. "August 2005". Bibliography: p. 250-266.
35
Hoffman, Dana M. C. "FINANCING PUBLIC SOLAR PROJECTS: CALIFORNIA PUBLIC JURISDICTIONS’ EXPERIENCES IN ACQUIRING AND FINANCING SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC INSTALLATIONS." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2013. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1045.
Full textAbstract:
More efficient technologies, state laws as well as environmental, social, and political pressures have all contributed to placing solar acquisition on the agenda for California’s public entities over the last half decade. But a key question for these frequently cash-strapped jurisdictions is how to utilize public dollars and lands, and how to leverage incentives to obtain solar PVs. As an alternative to outright purchase, a promising financing option made available to jurisdictions in recent years is ownership by a third party, usually the solar company, including various forms of Power Purchase Agreements (PPA’s) and leasing. Due in part to state and federal incentives available between 2007 and 2012, these third-party provider (TPP) options have been used with increasing frequency; TPP arrangements accounted for “virtually all” larger and mid-size non-residential installations in 2008 (Sherwood 2008). A number of California’s early adopters of third-party financing have installations that have now been operational for several years. Consequently, there is a new opportunity to evaluate third-party financing effectiveness. This thesis reviews solar acquisition practices in California over the last six years, comparing financing options through document analysis and feedback from jurisdiction staff. It finds that directly buying installations has provided a slight advantage in direct savings and overall satisfaction for jurisdictions on average, but success generally depends upon the jurisdiction having secured upfront capital, usually from successfully accessing very low-interest loans or large grants. TPP projects have provided a good alternative to direct purchase, resulting in significant savings and positive reviews from jurisdictions, allowing them to invest in larger installation sizes, and to meet local policy goals or mandates. Additionally, this thesis makes observations about the limitations for installation sizing, impacts of siting on savings, tips for selecting a solar installer, the benefits of cooperative procurement arrangements, and the relative importance of existing and expired monetary incentives available for solar from 2006 through 2020.
36
Aubry, Stephanie. "El Salvador in the Age of Financial Capitalism: Democracy, Biocapitalism and the Reduction to Bare Life." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1468870599.
Full text
37
Páez, Laura. "Liberalizing financial services and foreign direct investment in the WTO, assessing the effect of the General agreement on trade in services (GATS) on foreign bank presence in the OECD region /." Zürich, 2007. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?sys=000259592.
Full text
38
Kubátová, Lenka. "Analýza vzájemných vztahů mezi bankovním a nemovitostním trhem." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-124868.
Full textAbstract:
The diploma thesis is focused on description of relations between banking and real estate market. The first part describes these market. The second part is on Project financing and development projects. The third part deals with financing of living, especially mortgage loan.
39
Liang, Ping Barth James R. "What determines the foreign ownership share of a country's banking assets?" Auburn, Ala, 2008. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2008/FALL/Economics/Thesis/Liang_Ping_47.pdf.
Full text
40
Maláník, Ondřej. "Rozpočet EU jako vzor řešení problémů českých veřejných financí." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-4340.
Full textAbstract:
The main objective of this thesis is to point out to situation of Public finance in Czech Republic and analyse it from perspective of institutional framework of budgeting system to find weak its weak points. Simultaneously the similar analysis is compiled for institutional framework and budgeting procedures of EU budget in an effort to find such components, which would be usefull for solving recognized problems in Czech parallel. Theoretical background is provided throught description of particular budgeting systems based on so called Interinstitutional Treatment in case of EU Budget and by Budgeting rule law in case of Czech institutional framework. For better comprehension of Bugeting system in Czech Republic there is incorporated part dealing its evolution since 1918 with accent to recent decades, when the distinctive changes in budgeting rule law were ammended.
41
Spozdil, Jaroslav. "Vybrané problémy regulace finančních trhů." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-113658.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis aims to provide the reader with an overview and understanding of arbitration proceedings and conclusion of arbitration agreements within the context of the Czech legal framework. Arbitration clauses in various forms are often an integral part of trade agreements but are also regularly included in consumer contracts such as loan or insurance agreements. The first part of the thesis provides a general overview of the financial market regulation which serves as the common framework allowing various legal entities to operate within the local market environment. The topic of regulation is discussed within the second section of the thesis which is structured into 4 stand-alone chapters. These chapters describe the institute of arbitration, its requisites and the various forms of arbitration agreements while also analyzing the changes of the statutory legal framework in the context of the current amendment which came into effect in April 2012. The analysis of the arbitration clauses is especially consumer-focused, searching to elaborate on questions such as what consequences can entering into an arbitration agreement have on a subject in a legal relationship, what are the obligations stemming from entering into such agreement and what are the options of withdrawing from such agreements.
42
Česalová, Iveta. "Podnikatelský záměr na bázi franchisingu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-223481.
Full textAbstract:
The subject of this diploma thesis is to elaborate a business plan based on franchising in early childhood education. The theoretical part contains the definition of a business plan and its parts, as well as explanations of basic concepts in franchising and finally a description of laws and regulations, which must be followed in the establishment of kindergarten. The target is a practical demonstration of the establishment of kindergarten through franchising.
43
Алейникова, А. Л., and A. L. Aleynikova. "Совершенствование методов учета в строительно-монтажных организациях : магистерская диссертация." Master's thesis, б. и, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10995/93960.
Full textAbstract:
Выполнение строительно-монтажных работ связано со сложной системой нормативного регулирования затрат по сметной стоимости, служащих базовым показателем ценообразования и договорной политики подрядных организаций. Разработка методов, позволяющих применить единый подход к учету разнообразия условий выполнения работ по видам договоров, а также средств контроля за исполнением договорных обязательств, служит существенным фактором совершенствования финансового и налогового учета. Результаты проведенного исследования: предложена система субсчетов в составе действующих синтетических счетов по учету затрат на строительно-монтажные работы, а также по учету реализации отдельных этапов работ; обоснована целесообразность расширения функциональных обязанностей работников, осуществляющих внутренний аудит, от обычного финансового контроля до комплексного анализа учетных операций в сочетании с договорной политикой строительной организации; адаптировано использование нормативного метода для учета затрат подрядных организаций с целью повышения эффективности мониторинга отклонений от сметы при формировании финансового результата отчетного периода.Execution of construction and installation works is associated with a complex system of regulatory regulation of costs according to the estimated cost, which serves as a basic indicator of pricing and contractual policy of contractors. Development of methods to apply a unified approach to the diversity of conditions of work in contracts, as well as means of control over execution of contractual obligations is a significant factor in the improvement of financial and tax accounting. Results of the study: - a system of sub-accounts is proposed as part of existing synthetic accounts for accounting for construction and installation costs, as well as for accounting for the implementation of individual stages of work; - the expediency of expanding the functional responsibilities of employees engaged in internal audit from ordinary financial control to a comprehensive analysis of accounting operations in combination with the contractual policy of the construction organization is justified; - adapted the use of the standard method for accounting for the costs of contractors in order to improve the effectiveness of monitoring deviations from the estimate when forming the financial result of the reporting period.
44
Beisler, Matthias Werner. "Modelling of input data uncertainty based on random set theory for evaluation of the financial feasibility for hydropower projects." Doctoral thesis, Technische Universitaet Bergakademie Freiberg Universitaetsbibliothek "Georgius Agricola", 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:105-qucosa-71564.
Full textAbstract:
The design of hydropower projects requires a comprehensive planning process in order to achieve the objective to maximise exploitation of the existing hydropower potential as well as future revenues of the plant. For this purpose and to satisfy approval requirements for a complex hydropower development, it is imperative at planning stage, that the conceptual development contemplates a wide range of influencing design factors and ensures appropriate consideration of all related aspects. Since the majority of technical and economical parameters that are required for detailed and final design cannot be precisely determined at early planning stages, crucial design parameters such as design discharge and hydraulic head have to be examined through an extensive optimisation process. One disadvantage inherent to commonly used deterministic analysis is the lack of objectivity for the selection of input parameters. Moreover, it cannot be ensured that the entire existing parameter ranges and all possible parameter combinations are covered. Probabilistic methods utilise discrete probability distributions or parameter input ranges to cover the entire range of uncertainties resulting from an information deficit during the planning phase and integrate them into the optimisation by means of an alternative calculation method. The investigated method assists with the mathematical assessment and integration of uncertainties into the rational economic appraisal of complex infrastructure projects. The assessment includes an exemplary verification to what extent the Random Set Theory can be utilised for the determination of input parameters that are relevant for the optimisation of hydropower projects and evaluates possible improvements with respect to accuracy and suitability of the calculated resultsDie Auslegung von Wasserkraftanlagen stellt einen komplexen Planungsablauf dar, mit dem Ziel das vorhandene Wasserkraftpotential möglichst vollständig zu nutzen und künftige, wirtschaftliche Erträge der Kraftanlage zu maximieren. Um dies zu erreichen und gleichzeitig die Genehmigungsfähigkeit eines komplexen Wasserkraftprojektes zu gewährleisten, besteht hierbei die zwingende Notwendigkeit eine Vielzahl für die Konzepterstellung relevanter Einflussfaktoren zu erfassen und in der Projektplanungsphase hinreichend zu berücksichtigen. In frühen Planungsstadien kann ein Großteil der für die Detailplanung entscheidenden, technischen und wirtschaftlichen Parameter meist nicht exakt bestimmt werden, wodurch maßgebende Designparameter der Wasserkraftanlage, wie Durchfluss und Fallhöhe, einen umfangreichen Optimierungsprozess durchlaufen müssen. Ein Nachteil gebräuchlicher, deterministischer Berechnungsansätze besteht in der zumeist unzureichenden Objektivität bei der Bestimmung der Eingangsparameter, sowie der Tatsache, dass die Erfassung der Parameter in ihrer gesamten Streubreite und sämtlichen, maßgeblichen Parameterkombinationen nicht sichergestellt werden kann. Probabilistische Verfahren verwenden Eingangsparameter in ihrer statistischen Verteilung bzw. in Form von Bandbreiten, mit dem Ziel, Unsicherheiten, die sich aus dem in der Planungsphase unausweichlichen Informationsdefizit ergeben, durch Anwendung einer alternativen Berechnungsmethode mathematisch zu erfassen und in die Berechnung einzubeziehen. Die untersuchte Vorgehensweise trägt dazu bei, aus einem Informationsdefizit resultierende Unschärfen bei der wirtschaftlichen Beurteilung komplexer Infrastrukturprojekte objektiv bzw. mathematisch zu erfassen und in den Planungsprozess einzubeziehen. Es erfolgt eine Beurteilung und beispielhafte Überprüfung, inwiefern die Random Set Methode bei Bestimmung der für den Optimierungsprozess von Wasserkraftanlagen relevanten Eingangsgrößen Anwendung finden kann und in wieweit sich hieraus Verbesserungen hinsichtlich Genauigkeit und Aussagekraft der Berechnungsergebnisse ergeben
45
Soro, Russell Olivier. "El contrato normativo : análisis de una categoría." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR40017.
Full textAbstract:
L'objet principal de notre recherche sera d'essayer d'éclairer l'obscurité relative à la figure du contrat normatif, existante particulièrement en espagne, en élaborant une étude minutieuse et en profondeur qui fait actuellement défaut dans la littérature juridique. de même, il sera aussi bien nécessaire d'analyser si la notion de contrat normatif, telle qu'elle est proposée par la doctrine et jurisprudence espagnole et surtout italienne, peut être transposée au droit français des contrats. et, d'autre part, si la notion française de contrat-cadre correspond à celle, espagnole, de « contrato marco ». pour ce faire, il sera nécessaire d'entamer une étude de ses différences et similitudes au moyen d'une comparaison de l'emploi, par les professionnels du droit de chaque pays, de chacun des termes. finalement il sera envisagé, le cas échéant, l'opportunité d'une éventuelle transposition de la figure du contrat-cadre au droit espagnol à travers celle de « contrato marco », l'intégrant comme équivalente ou application de la figure de contrat normatif.ainsi, une fois notre recherche achevée nous serons en mesure de proposer une définition complète et claire de contrat normatif, de déterminer sa nature juridique, d'obtenir ses principaux caractères, d'en tirer sa portée et, enfin, de rassembler ces principales applications pratiques. et ce, naturellement sans oublier de relever tant l'histoire ou la genèse de cette figure que sa valeur actuelle, en tant que nouvelle forme de négociation, d'autorégulation et de limitation volontaire de la liberté contractuelleHow far are now individuals free to create the most appropriate contractual tool to achieve the satisfaction of their needs and interests? What they have in common figures as diverse as a joint-venture agreement, a franchise agreement or a marriage contract? Is the old general theory of contract adapted to the contractual practice of the XXI century? A deep study of the normative contract in this book provides answers to these and to many other momentous matters of Private Law of Contract. Reconstructed from the detailed analysis of the theory and legal practice, the notion of normative contract as an agreement of cooperative nature could constitute the bridge to a new and inspiring way of conceiving the contract. Not surprisingly, as shown by its main practical manifestations, the contract is often more than just an instrument to organize an exchange of goods and services, a powerful regulatory tool of reality and human behavior. To put it briefly, if on the one hand in this essay the author seeks find a remedy for a situation of great uncertainty regarding the so-called normative contract, in the other hand he also invites the legal community to reflect calmly on the role played by contract in present society.Keywords: Normative contract, Normenvertrag, Alfred HUECK, genesis, concept, pactum de modo contrahendo, contrat-cadre, framework agreements, distribution, collective agreement, financial transactions, joint venture, marriage contract, codes of conduct, Spanish private law, French private law, contractual clause, cooperative agreement, intuitus personae, no-obligational and obligational content of the contract, union of contracts, regulatory function of contract, general contract theory, theory of legal regulation, Hans KELSEN , freedom of contract
46
Honsová, Marcela. "Faktoring jako moderní způsob financování podniku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-222129.
Full textAbstract:
This master’s thesis introduces factoring as a possibility of financing business activities. It describes factoring as a form of finance business transactions, analyses selected company and proposes improvement its finance situation by means of factoring. And then master’s thesis compares financing by means of bank overdraft, which used selected company before, with financing by means of factoring, of purpose to use given finance.
47
Mundy, Daniel Esteban Cooper. "Sustainable finance and climate change in the context of the insurance sector of Portugal." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/20926.
Full textAbstract:
Mestrado em Actuarial ScienceEste estudo visa avaliar os riscos relacionados com as alterações climáticas em diferentes cenários, principalmente os riscos de se tornar num sistema financeiro sustentável, impulsionado pelo acordo de Paris, metas europeias e agendas estratégicas locais. Bem como avaliar a limitação da informação histórica para modelar a materialização das alterações climáticas em Portugal. Além disso, este estudo tem como objetivo oferecer um amplo panorama da revisão da literatura sobre riscos relacionados ao clima sob diferentes perspectivas e estudos. De facto, este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar, a partir de uma estrutura de trabalho harmonizada, a materialização dos riscos relacionados as alterações climáticas, com base em esforços coordenados entre governos, supervisores e bancos centrais. Em particular, a natureza dos riscos relacionados as alterações climáticas abrange ativos e passivos numa seguradora, por esta razão, este estudo apresenta benchmarks para monitorar os diferentes componentes da cadeia de valor de uma seguradora e como esses benchmarks podem interagir com os resultados deste estudo. No geral, este estudo foi desenvolvido sob uma perspectiva combinada, usando teoria financeira moderna, avaliação da disponibilidade das informações, opiniões de especialistas macroeconômicos, modelos macroeconômicos locais, metodologias de avaliação de ativos, ponto de vista da ciência atuarial e o uso de cenários com base de dados público.
This study seeks to evaluate climate-related risks under different scenarios, mainly the risks of turning into a sustainable financial system, driven by the Paris agreement, European targets and local strategic agendas. As well as to evaluate the limitation of the historical information to model the materialization of climate changes in Portugal. Furthermore, this study has the objective to offer a broad overview of literature review on climate-related risks from different perspectives and studies. In fact, this study aims to assess, from a harmonized framework, the materialization of climate-related risks, based on coordinated efforts among governments, supervisors and central banks. In particular, the nature of climate-related risks embraces assets and liabilities in an insurance company, for this reason, this study introduces benchmarks to monitor the different components of an insurer's value chain and how these benchmarks might interact with the findings of this study. Overall, this study was developed under a combined perspective, mixing modern financial theory, information availability assessment, macroeconomic experts' opinions, local macroeconomic models, assets valuation methodologies, actuarial science perspective and scenarios with a widely public database.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
48
Cubaynes, Camille. "La durée des contrats administratifs." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU10031.
Full textAbstract:
Si l’on perçoit intuitivement la durée, il est plus délicat d’en donner une définition. L’exercice devient plus périlleux encore lorsqu’il s’agit de définir la durée des contrats administratifs. Face aux interrogations que sa définition et sa délimitation soulèvent, l’étude de la réglementation, de la jurisprudence ou de la doctrine publiciste n’est que peu instructive. La diversité du vocabulaire employé traduit les imprécisions de la notion étudiée. Parce qu’elle représente une donnée essentielle du contrat, à la fois objet et source de nombreuses réglementations, la notion de durée des contrats administratifs doit être définie. Son étude révèle une appréhension parcellaire de la notion par le droit public. Celui-ci n’envisage que la durée d’existence du contrat, qui est une durée juridique et prévisionnelle. Elle traduit le prisme sous lequel le droit public s’intéresse à la durée du contrat : c’est un outil d’encadrement de la rémunération du titulaire et d’organisation de la remise en concurrence régulière du contrat. À côté de cette durée d’existence, coexiste une durée d’exécution qui a pour caractéristique d’être une durée opérationnelle constituée d’un agrégat de délais. Si ces deux durées coïncident parfois parfaitement – ce qui explique leur confusion – cela n’est pas systématique. Elles possèdent, en outre, des fonctions distinctes qui justifient leur différenciation. Parce qu’elles représentent cependant les deux facettes d’une même notion, l’unité du régime de la durée prédomine. En ce domaine, c’est un mouvement d’influences réciproques mais d’inégale importance qui s’opère. Le contrat conditionne la durée : il régit sa fixation et son évolution. Dans le même temps, la durée influe sur le contrat. Celle-ci est en effet la source d’application d’éléments de régime au contrat et justifie l’intégration de certaines clauses au sein des contrats où son volume est importantWe can easily perceive the notion of duration. However, it is rather difficult to give it an exact definition. It becomes even more delicate when it comes to identify the duration of public contracts. Neither of the legal doctrine nor the legislation or case law are helpful in solving questions about both the definition and limit of a contract’s duration. The diversity of the legal vocabulary reveals the inaccuracy of this notion. However, the duration of public contracts has to be precisely identified as it is a crucial datum of any contract, as well as a source and the object of various existing rules. As far as the study of public contracts has lead us, we can only notice that the apprehension of their duration is fragmented. Public contract law exclusively develops one aspect of the duration, which represents the amount of time during which the contract stands. This shows how the notion of duration is analyzed: itis a sort of tool used in order to frame the contract holder’s wage, but also indicates when to use properly competitive procedures. It is correct to state that the duration identifies the period during which the contract stands, however, it covers another aspect, which we aim to expose here. The duration of contract also represents the amount of time during which the contract is fulfilled, or executed, which is composed by a sum of delays. These two aspects of duration may often coincide but this is not always the case. It must be noted that these two sides have different functions, which justifies why we study them separately. Nevertheless, the legal regime remains the same whether we talk about one aspect or another. At the end of this study, we can report mutual influences. The object of the contract conditions its very own duration as its clauses set its evolution through the execution. At the same time, the duration of the public contract conditions various elements of its regime, especially when the contract stands fora substantial period of time
49
Ouazzani, Khaldoun El. "Banque marocaine et financement des activités de pêche : fragilité d'une relation. Cas du port de Safi (Maroc)." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON30008.
Full textAbstract:
Entamé depuis la fin des années 80, le processus de modernisation du système bancaire marocain avait pour objectif l’introduction de réformes juridiques et la mise en place de processus et procédures techniques pour en faire une véritable locomotive d’une économie nationale de plus en plus ouverte.Aujourd’hui on peut dire que les banques marocaines et le système bancaire marocain se portent très bien. Le système bancaire marocain est un système « globalement correct »Néanmoins, considérées comme responsables de la faible bancarisation de la population marocaine, il convient de souligner que les banques se heurtent aux difficultés de l’environnement au sein duquel elles évoluent.Des secteurs économiques vitaux du pays sont encore très mal structurés, du fait de la désorganisation qui les caractérise. Le secteur de la pêche en est le meilleur exemple. Conséquence, les banques marocaines affichent une méfiance à l’égard du secteur de la pêche pourtant voulu stratégique par les différentes politiques économiques du Royaume.Le secteur des pêches maritimes représente dans la balance commerciale 15% de la valeur totale des exportations et 55% de la valeur des exportations agro-alimentaires et emploie plus de 150.000 personnes..Toutefois, le secteur continue à connaitre beaucoup de problèmes d’organisation, et des dysfonctionnements qui rendent l’accès au financement bancaire très difficile, parfois même impossibleLa question serait alors de chercher l’optimalité dans une relation fragile : banque/secteur de la pêche.MOTS CLESSystème bancaire marocain, Lois bancaires, Risques bancaires, Accords de Bâle, besoins de financements, Pêche au Maroc, Armement de pêcheBegun since the end of the 80s, the process of modernization of the Moroccan banking system had for objective the introduction of legal reforms and the implementation of processes and technical procedures to make a real locomotive of a more and more opened national economy.Today we can say that the Moroccan banks and the Moroccan banking system go very wellNevertheless, considered as responsibles in charge of the weak bancarisation of the Moroccan population, it is advisable to underline that banks collide with the difficulties of the environment within which they evolve.Vital branches of the country’s industry are still very badly structured, due to the disorganization which characterizes them. The sector of Fishing is the best example. As a Consequence, the Moroccan banks show a distrust towards the sector of fishing even it’s considered strategic by the various economic policies of the Kingdom.The sector of sea fishing represents in the trade balance 15 % of the total value of the exports and 55 % of the value of the food-processing exports ;also employs more than 150.000 people..However, the sector continues to undergo many problems of organization and dysfunctions which makes the access to the bank financing very difficult and sometimes even impossible.The question would then be to look for the optimality in a fragile relation banque / fishing sector.KEYWORDSBanking Moroccan system, banking Laws, banking Risks, Agreements of Basel, needs for financing, Goes fishing in Morocco, Armament of fishing
50
Louro, Pedro Lobato Pereira Castanheiro. "Liquidity rules in Basel III : a test on the largest portuguese banks." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/7677.
Full textAbstract:
Mestrado em FinançasO principal objectivo da presente dissertação foi uma análise preliminar sobre os novos regulamentos provenientes do Basileia III, nomeadamente, uma análise inicial ao Liquidity Coverage Ratio e a sua aplicação prática assim como os seus benefícios na gestão do risco de liquidez nas instituições financeiras. Neste sentido, foram seleccionadas as 5 instituições financeiras, à data de 31 de Dezembro de 2012, que representavam a amostra mais relevante em termos de actividade no sector Português da banca comercial ("mercado bancário" Português). Recorrendo ao Liquidity Coverage Ratio obtido, foi possível observar que o "mercado bancário" português apresentou, inicialmente, um Liquidity Coverage Ratio acima do requerido pelo Basileia III (60%). O Liquidity Coverage Ratio obtido no "mercado bancário" Português foi de 102% em 2013. Num cenário simulado de stress, pode ser verificado que, o mínimo que a carteira de activos líquidos de alta qualidade no "mercado bancário" pode cair é de aproximadamente 59% do seu valor, à data de 31 de Dezembro de 2013, e ainda assim existem condições para cumprir com o mínimo requerido pelo Basileia III (60%). De acordo com todas as análises realizadas, foi possível concluir que o "mercado bancário" Português, tem capacidade para suportar, eficientemente, qualquer cenário de stress financeiro. Desta forma, o mercado detém uma quantidade suficiente de activos líquidos de alta qualidade, que podem fácil e rapidamente ser convertidos em dinheiro (nos sector privados) que suportem uma volatilidade de mercado significativa ou cenários de stress que durem mais de 30 dias.
The main objective of the present dissertation was a preliminary analysis of the new regulatory package of Basel III, namely, a first analysis of the Liquidity Coverage Ratio computation, its practical application and its benefits for liquidity risk management in financial institutions. For this purposes, it was selected a sample of 5 Portuguese financial institutions which, as at 31 December 2012, represented the most relevant financial institutions with retail banking activities (Portuguese "banking market"). Considering the average Liquidity Coverage Ratio obtained it was possible to observe that the Portuguese "banking market" started to present a Liquidity Coverage Ratio clearly above the Basel III minimum requirement (60%). The Liquidity Coverage Ratio obtained by the Portuguese "banking market" insofar was 102% for 2013. In a simulated stress scenario, we were able to verify that the minimum which Portuguese "banking market" high quality liquidity assets stock could drop was approximately 59% of its value, at 31st of December 2013, and still maintain the conditions to fulfil the Basel III minimum requirement (60%). According to all the analysis performed, it was possible to conclude that the Portuguese "banking market" has the ability to efficiently sustain, any financial stress scenario. In this sense, holds sufficient stock of high quality liquidity assets that could be easily and immediately converted into cash (in private markets) in order to sustain a significant market volatility or stress scenarios lasting over 30 calendar days.