Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Finances – Étude et enseignement – Aspect économique'
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Lawrence, Nathaniel Archer. "Perception d'inflation et comportement des agents : nouvelles analyses expérimentales et macroéconomiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Panthéon-Assas, 2025. http://www.theses.fr/2025ASSA0002.
Full textThis thesis seeks to understand how economic agents—primarily household consumers—behave when faced with inflation. I examine how individuals perceive inflation and adapt their consumption and savings decisions accordingly. Given the inconsistent results in the existing literature on the inflation-consumer relationship, I develop and apply novel techniques to gain new perspectives both at the micro- and macroeconomic levels. I develop an experimental task to measure how subjects internalize and ultimately react to inflation. This experimental work provides a direct link between measures perceived and expected inflation and subsequent consumption and savings behavior. Using this finding, I can compare subjects’ performance and adaptability to their individual characteristics to better understand the underlying traits that correlate with decision-making in inflation. In particular, numerical abilities, consistency of economic decision-making, and general adaptability are strong predictors of task performance. Further, through different financial education treatments, I identify effective means of educating consumers on appropriate decision - making in inflationary conditions—particularly by providing personalized feedback and easily actionable advice. Finally, through wavelet analysis, I demonstrate how the inconsistent expectations-consumption relationship found in the literature may in fact arise from an underlying cyclical nature. Moreover, I find supporting evidence of the positive relationship between expectations and nondurables consumption at the macro- level as identified at the individual level through my experimental methods
Nehme, Georges. "Analyse des méthodes d'enseignement des sciences économiques dans le système éducatif Libanais." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00547879.
Full textShimizu, Mariko. "Les différences individuelles dans les facteurs contributifs de l'illusion monétaire." Thesis, Paris 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA020041.
Full textThe term "money illusion" was first coined by American economist Irving Fisher in 1928 to describe the phenomenon whereby individuals fail to perceive that units of money expand or shrink in value. In the following decades, economists, psychologists and behavioral scientists have first debated the existence of money illusion, and then proceeded to refine and expand its definition. This thesis builds on the precedent research regarding money illusion, with the aim to evidence, using experimental methods, the characteristics that explain the occurrence of money illusion on an individual level, as well as the factors that may help diminish the occurrence thereof. The present thesis first summarizes the evolution of the concept of money illusion from Fisher's discovery to the last progresses made in behavioral sciences on this topic. It then shows the results of three separate experiments that were conducted in order to evidence several factors that we hypothesized as being either contributing to, or diminishing, money illusion. The first one examines the relationship between money illusion, financial literacy and numeracy; the second one focuses particularly on numeracy and numerical abilities in general as a way to overcome money illusion; and the third one on whether time perspectives may explain and/or mitigate money illusion
Romia, Sylvie. "La concurrence entre les collectivités locales : étude théorique et empirique." Montpellier 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON10056.
Full textJean, Nicolas. "Environnement économique et élections : une étude des déterminants du vote appliquée aux élections municipales françaises." Thesis, Lille 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL12015/document.
Full textThis thesis examines the impact of economic conditions and political context on the result of parties' candidates in local elections in France. It confirms hypothesis of economic voting, in the case of French local elections, on the basis of an original and detailed database, covering the 1983-2008 period. We show that the incumbent’party is considered as a victim of national political events (cohabitation notably) but it shares the responsibility for the level of economic variables and is consequently rewarded (or penalized). Furthermore, for the 2001 elections, environmental variables also impact incumbent’s share of vote. This thesis also investigates the behaviour of the voter, showing a complex mechanism of varied degrees of sociotropism: regional level is relevant for fiscal variables, but national level is in voter’s mind for economic factors (unemployment). Finally, the electoral rule (two rounds) is also crucial for identifying the decisive factors. Municipal budget structure is important for the first round, particularly; wages and investments expenditures increase the incumbent’s winning probability but consumption spending (wages off) decrease this probability. Political variables (number of candidates) come into play for the second round
Lahalle, Agnès. "Les écoles de dessin au XVIII° siècle : entre arts libéraux et arts mécaniques." Angers, 2005. http://books.openedition.org/pur/6981.
Full textThe number of free Art schools increased during the second half of the XVIIIth century. Without any school fees, those secular state schools were always funded by local authorities and sometimes by private sources. Those schools represented the first kind of professional elementary teaching. Studying the art of drawing appealed to a large number of traders who considered those schools were giving the theoretical education which complemented the practical experience taught by the master. Their founders defended economic aims and moral aims as well. Yet those new institutions remained ambiguous, hesitating between mechanical arts and liberal ones. Among the latter, you can find lectures for art lovers and artists: most of the masters in charge of teaching the figure, the embossing and the model had an academic education. Teaching two subjects implied a certain complexity of the institutional statutes and relationships with the Royal Academy of painting and sculpture, as well as with craftsmen. It also implied a large diversity among the pupils who attended those schools. Those Art schools which included all the tasks mentioned above will disappear in 1793 when the academies are closed
Moulin, Léonard. "Frais d’inscription dans l’enseignement supérieur : enjeux, limites et perspectives." Thesis, Paris 13, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA131017/document.
Full textChapter 1 provides a critical and multidisciplinary review of the literature and identifies three motifs for the introduction or increase of tuition fees whose validity we question in each case. Chapter 2 examines the theoretical conditions that would make the establishment of tuition fees desirable, even when taking into consideration the existence of different social classes with distinct behaviors. Chapter 3 highlights the divergent nature of the results presented in the literature review before providing a typology of institutional contexts. The next three chapters provide the first study analyzing the effects of introducing tuition fees in the French university context. In chapter 4 we show that the introduction of tuition fees in University Paris 9 Dauphine strengthened the effects of social segregation and inequality. In chapter 5 we extend this approach to show that results developed in the theoretical literature, tuition fees do not increase the level of success. Finally, in chapter 6, we discuss the possible generalization of preceding results beginning by highlighting the unique nature of the students at University Paris 9 Dauphine when compared to the broader French academic landscape. The theoretical limits to the introduction of tuition fees (Part I), confirmed empirically (Part II), lead us to return in the last part of our thesis to the typology constructed in Chapter 3 in order to discuss how the “social democratic” institutional regime might help ensure equity, efficiency, and the funding needs of universities in the French context
Roubineau, Jean-Manuel. "Cité et fiscalité : étude sur les exemptions dans le monde des cités grecques de l'archai͏̈sme à l'époque hellénistique." Bordeaux 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BOR30060.
Full textSefrioui, Sofia. "Les migrations étudiantes des pays en développement vers les pays développés, efficience et équité : étude dans le cas particulier des flux d'étudiants vers la France." Dijon, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997DIJOE009.
Full textIIn early 90's, student mobility in the world involved more than one million individuals : nearly two percent of all students were pursuing higher education outside their home country. The predominant pattern of international student migrations is based on asymetric flows from developing countries to developed ones. These flows were originally designed to statisfy the needs of sending countries in term of higher learning and knowledge transfer. However, the student flows are now increasingly less organized and submited to severe regulations from host countries. The main subject of this present thesis is to describe this phenomenon through a study of the role and strategy of each actor involved in the process and to set up a cost-benefit analysis of foreign studies. The work was mainly based on human capital concepts, migration models and social welfare theory. Our statistical studies brought us to establish a world panorama of student flows as regards their impact both in sending and in host countries. The work also includes the building and testing of a model explaining the intensity and destination of the student migrations from developing countries to developed countries and a model explaining foreing postgraduates return rates to homeland
Lazzaro, Elisabetta. "Essays in cultural economics." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211077.
Full textCasta, Aurélien. "Le financement des étudiants en France et en Angleterre de 1945 à 2011 : le student finance, l'award et le salaire étudiant et leur hégémonie." Thesis, Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100086/document.
Full textThe thesis deals with student funding policies in France and England and the debates that they raised since the post-war years. It answers two main questions. By using the approach of the social policies sociology, it compares the systems of proposals and policies – the student finance, the award and the salaire étudiant – which have shaped higher education since 1945 in both countries. By using the concept of hegemony that Antonio Gramsci thought it at the beginning of the 20th century, the thesis shows the decision-making process that lead to these proposals and policies. Our materials are composed of the available statistical data, the student union archives, the governmental reports and the documents diffused by the groups involved in the sector. The thesis deals with four periods – two in each country – and describe the debates, the conflicts and the policy which took place. It shows that those funding systems are founded on different measures: tuition fees, loans and grants for the student finance; the public funding of maintenance and fees for the award; free higher education and wage for the salaire étudiant. It also shows that they are supported by specific representations of students and the value of their work and specific types of funding and decision-making process. It shows finally that the spreading of these ideas in the public debate and the development of these institutions inside the sector make possible the shaping of their policies and of their hegemony
Bouslimani, Azzedine. "Eléments pour une caractérisation économique du contenu qualitatif du développement. Une analyse à partir de la relation éducation-croissance en Algérie (1875-2000)." Montpellier 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON10056.
Full textEdwards, José Miguel. "Joyful economists : étude des relations historiques entre analyse économique et analyse psychologique du point de vue de "l'économie du bonheur"." Phd thesis, Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010063.
Full textLaurence, Lisa. "La fabrique des financiers : une socialisation scolaire aux normes professionnelles." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPSLD053.
Full textThis thesis presents and analyzes the processes of professional socialization within finance education programs. It shows how finance students are positioned by their studies and according to their social backgrounds within the hierarchical space of financial professions, but also the ways in which they internalize specific norms differently, such as the systematic pursuit of profits, depending on their prior socialization. It concludes that professional socialization in finance promotes the acceptance of the capitalist economic structure of society
Debbich, Majdi. "Essays in Financial Literacy and Financial Behaviors." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0098.
Full textIn the recent years, households have been facing a process of increasing financial responsibility given a globa trend of pension systems privatization, loan markets liberalization and credit expansion. Meanwhile the supply of financial products has become more complex. In this context, do people have the ability to process economic and financial information and take sound decisions in terms of financial planning, wealth accumulation, debt and pensions? What remedies can be considered so as to mitigate the adverse effects of poorly informed financial decisions? This thesis contributes to answering both questions through an empirical assessment of financial literacy in the French population and its relationship with financial behaviors but also through a study of the determinants of financial literacy over the life course and potential remedies to financial illiteracy. I report evidence that financial literacy levels in France appear to be in the international average with heterogeneous levels across population subgroups: men, educated, middle-age as well as wealthy respondents tend to perform better. I also show that financial literacy can have an influence on financial behaviors by fostering participation to the stock market and financial planning in the long-run. I question the role of financial advisor as potential alternatives to financial education and show that these cannot substitute
Ausiandra, Yusuf. "L'évolution institutionnelle du capital risque dans l'environnement du Web 2.0 : une étude comparative et transdisciplinaire." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAA003/document.
Full textThe present doctorate research thesis attempts to resolve three correlated problematics summarized as following: (a) the relation between the use of new tools provided by the 2.0 platforms especially in the field of financial intermediation and the advent of a new financial archetype; (b) the difference between venture capital 2.0 and the conventional venture capital and (c) the concern over the utmost optimum approach in constructing a legal environment adapted to the current evolution introduced by the use of 2.0 tools in the financing of innovation. The research confronts the problematic by conducting a preliminary deconstruction of the ongoing institutional dynamic in regards to the current economical transformation. Subsequently, the research would attempt to define the nature and extent of the economical mutations in constant exposure to the new technologies in information and communication. This research fundamentally adopts a law and economics (L&E) analysis. In addition, the research would complement the traditional L&E analysis with further theoretical instruments by referral to the American neo-institutionnalist school of thought along with the French critical socio-economic theories. This transdisciplinarity would grant the possibility of attaining a more indepth understanding of nature of the economical mutation. The central unifying theme throughout the research resides on the concept of financialization of the economy. The research attributes the major disruption in the form and functioning of contemporary economy to an institutional financial and technological wave of change. The research identifies three economical and legal institutions residing at the core of the American financing of innovation model : the governance through contractual flexibility based on the notion of “private ordering”, financial liquidity and the externalization of the innovation process. A comparative analysis of different venture capital regulatory framework in various national jurisdictions confirms the major importance of the three stated institutions. In sum, the institutional nature of the financing model adopted by the government in support of innovation should be fully considered by national governments. For the case of the US venture capital model, an equilibrium point should be attained between two main regulatory framework objectives: the protection of investors and the creation of financial liquidity. A regulatory oscillation between liquidity creation and regulation would always prevail. Nonetheless, the financialization of the economy in conjunction with IT innovation would oblige private actors to maintain the creation of financial liquidity through private initiative. The emergence of new types of simplified equity financing model contracts such as the KISS contracts and the French variant, AIR contracts confirms this statement. Legislators would have to provide protection against unreasonable risk taking while ensuring that the two main elements of venture capital rest unhindered : conditional speculation and sufficient contractual autonomy to support innovation
Palaoro, Gilbert. "Analyse des modalités de délocalisation des programmes d’enseignement supérieur : le cas des formations supérieures de gestion au Viêt-Nam." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO22001/document.
Full textThe lack of expertise and scientific resources prompts developing countries to resort to the international offer reckoned to be able to boost up their higher education system in the long run, and to favor innovation. This trend generates de facto a world market for knowledge operating on diverging modes, sometimes beyond control, in any case meaning competition, and whose goal is to shape up society’s human asset, i.e. its future. This situation raises issues such as the problem of quality and the coexistence between different logics, both product of either a cultural aid to help development or a private sector competition-based offer. Our research highlights the stakes and risks of this market by taking approaches proper to resource and education developing economy, and to education sciences. We analyze the conditions in which knowledge transfer is carried out, as well as the methods used in pedagogic engineering and evaluation, for cases of master of international management delocalized in Vietnam, a country considered representative thanks to its opening to foreign economy, the growth of foreign trainings within it, its culture and its craving for knowledge.Quantitative and qualitative comparative studies on the master cases recorded between 2005 and 2008, provide microeconomic measurements of the complexity of their transfer in this particular environment. It turns out that the foreign offer hits its own limits and has to face competition rules and powerful constraints from the different actors, each one pursuing his own logic and interests : the State – families - local establishments – companies, etc.. It might eventually occur important gaps between the offer itself and its capacity to locally meet the socio-economic and academic needs in a pertinent way, gaps that may be nevertheless reduced by deliberate association with local partners, firm political will and special care for project engineering
Greffard, Jean-Louis. "Economie du tourisme et linguistique de corpus : enjeux d'un dispositif d'amélioration de la compétence phraséologique des apprenants sinophones en contexte universitaire." Thesis, Perpignan, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022PERP0024.
Full textThis thesis questions the efficiency of support mechanisms for Chinese students enrolled in the tourism sectors of French universities. Having become a major player in world tourism, China has seen a considerable increase in its need for the training of qualified personnel, including those of French-speaking speakers qualified in tourism. To this end, the Chinese authorities have promoted student mobility to French higher education institutions in order to train students who will benefit from the knowledge and know-how of foreign experts and will become the future executives of a developing tourism industry. However, the arrival of Chinese students in the tourism sectors of French universities – now first group of non-French-speaking foreign students on a study stay in France – was not without questioning the university institution in terms of integration and support of an audience whose academic habits differ significantly from the teaching and learning culture in force in French universities. Our research is therefore part of the problems of French for Academic Purposes (FOU), this field of Didactics of Languages and Cultures that is interested in the needs of international audiences in academic context : in this way, it contributes to the discussions surrounding the support and integration of Chinese students in higher education in France. Our work is based on the FOU Tourism scheme, a preparatory year for training before entering a master’s degree in tourism, jointly set-up by the Tourism Department and the French Studies Center of the University of Perpignan. Our research is motivated by an initial observation and the desire to improve the existing FOU system: the note-taking activity, the cornerstone of university adaptation, constitutes a source of major difficulties specific for Chinese students. In order to remedy this situation, we formulate the hypothesis that, when entering course content, it is necessary to rely not on the recognition of words in isolation, but on the mastery of phraseological units (polylexical signs composed of at least two words) specific to the discourse of the tourism specialty. Indeed, a large part of the lexical resources mobilized by a native speaker in a communication situation – and even more in the language of specialty – is made up of these prefabricated combinations, or “word blocks”. To improve the note-taking skills of tourism courses by a Chinese student, it will therefore be necessary that linguistic comprehension is not achieved from isolated lexical units, but from polylexical units apprehended and decoded as blocks. To constitute our corpus of study and identify these combinations of words, learning objects in the context of the acquisition of a phraseological competence in FOU Tourism, our choice was for a semester course in tourism economics – fundamental teaching in the specialized bachelor’s courses in tourism – whose pre-constructed lexical sequences we analysed using the tools of corpus linguistics