Journal articles on the topic 'Finance, Public Psychological aspects'
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1
Al-Anizi, Sa’ad. "Investment Perspective According to Behavioral Finance Science." Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences 16, no. 58 (June 1, 2010): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.33095/jeas.v16i58.1486.
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The first thing that comes to mind is the highly important question of whether there were some effects of human behavior and its fluctuations on the theories of the efficient market and the contemporary investment portfolio. According to what has been said by the proponents of these two theories; when the optimal return is realized, the efficiency of the market is achieved in terms of perfect information on prices and risk that supposed to be predetermined in a rational way.
he other question that imposed here is “at what time people should be rational in their investments in the security markets ?”. This means that investors are rational for their efforts devoted to utility maximization, which are perceived as a result of investing their wealth in the best possible manner.
Then, can those two questions be achieved in practice? Many ontological aspects are influenced in their relations by emotions and feelings more than by money as a financial resource . Investors may take irrational financial decisions because of the dominance of those emotions and feelings compared with what investors do toward other actions in their public and special daily life.
Understanding investors financial awareness without taking into account the human action is considered as an outstanding problem which can be assimilated as an attempt to sail with compass, but without guided maps. The importance and necessity of human psychological factor are arise when we are talking about investing common stocks in the security market. Then, this means that issues directing investment decisions of individuals in financial assets whether they were stocks or bonds, can be only interpreted with referring to principles of human behavior.
Absolutely there is no exaggeration if we said that the market in general be advanced, lagged behind , prospected , and crept when making collective decisions in buying securities through viewing psychological factors which capture individuals behaviors after information being collected and analyzed. The validity of an efficient market theory has been widely accepted by its proponents for a long time lasting almost a century so that any research on the psychological aspects of a security market encountered by objection till a close time of ten years .
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Gryazeva, Elena, Olga Mayorova, Natalia Malchikova, Maria Nemkova, and Marina Paravina. "International financial fraud: economic and psychological aspects, classification and ways of minimization." Economic Annals-ХХI 189, no. 5-6(1) (June 10, 2021): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21003/ea.v189-02.
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The active use of the latest information technologies and non-cash payment forms has led to an increase in various types of fraud in the financial sector. Moreover, virtually all spheres of public relations now fall under the risk of fraudulent schemes, starting from financial credit and insurance and ending with foreign economic activity and the Internet. In addition, some other economic factors contribute to the significant spread of fraudulent schemes in modern conditions: a wide variety of new financial instruments (types of money, securities, financial services); rapid growth in financial transactions; leveling barriers to the unhindered movement of money, goods, and services in the process of globalization, which provokes an increase in transnational financial crime. Therefore, in search of tools to preserve existing and generate potential income, especially trusting investors fall into the traps of scammers. With the development of the current economic institutionalism, the principle of rationality in human economic behavior was no longer considered absolute, therefore, representatives of the institutional theory noted the irrational nature of human behavior, including in the field of economics and finance. Modern reality and economic practice are clear evidence of the truthfulness of this thesis. After all, despite the constant warnings of the mass media and other sources regarding various fraudulent schemes, as well as (paradoxically) often their own negative experience, citizens continue to invest in various kinds of fraudulent schemes. According to experts, the main reason is that «people will always strive for «easy» money, and it is unlikely that this desire will ever disappear» (Bruton, 2015). In this paper, we study the possibilities of preventing financial fraud on an international scale. In the context of the complexity of modern business processes, one of the most urgent problems has become the problem of activating the manifestations of corporate fraud. On average, companies lose about 5% of their profits due to corporate fraud, and the annual losses from such economic crimes amount to about USD 4 trillion on a global scale. In Russia, this figure reaches 15% (and we are talking only about losses made public by companies). The lion’s share of fraudulent schemes falls on the banking sector. The implementation of fraudulent schemes in the banking sector has certain features, in particular: fraudulent actions cause damage not only to banks and their depositors, but also negatively affect the stability of the financial system as a whole; such crimes are characterized by high latency, since managers, fearing for the business reputation of their bank, only in isolated cases turn to law enforcement agencies with appropriate statements; identifying the facts of financial fraud is very difficult since fraudsters (often not without the help of bank managers) hide their actions in every possible way and take measures to launder funds obtained by criminal means.
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Antoci, Angelo, Alessandro Fiori Maccioni, Pier Luigi Sacco, and Mauro Sodini. "Self-protection, Psychological Externalities, and the Social Dynamics of Fear." Journal of Conflict Resolution 61, no. 2 (July 11, 2016): 349–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022002715596771.
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We examine the social dynamics of crime by means of evolutionary game theory, and we model the choice of boundedly rational potential victims to privately self-protect against prospective offenders. Negative externalities from self-protection, as the socially transmitted fear of victimization, can influence the strategic choices of victims even with constant or declining crime rates, and this circumstance may lead to Pareto inefficient equilibria with excessive expenses for private protection. Providing higher levels of public security (or of appropriate social care) financed through discriminatory taxation of private defensive behaviors can prevent crime and reduce superfluous self-protection, thus driving the social dynamics toward a more efficient equilibrium. Public policy can therefore be effective in implementing the social optimum. This article extends previous work by Cressman, Morrison, and Wen by increasing the range of possible dynamics and the scope for public intervention. Consequently, in our model, public policy can deter crime and improve the welfare of victims by addressing the intangible aspects of crime, that is, the social dynamics of fear.
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Hellmich, Simon Niklas. "Social psychological aspects of “making” economists: A review of the nature versus nurture debate." Citizenship, Social and Economics Education 19, no. 1 (February 21, 2020): 23–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2047173420908068.
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A considerable number of empirical studies argue that economics experts differ from other groups with respect to their public policy preferences and their behavior in certain social dilemmas. Economists are more likely to regard allocation via markets as “fair” than other people and they seem to adjust their behavior and expectations to the actor-model presumed in the elementary neoclassical theory. Some trace back such observations to influences related to the economics education. An alternative view is that economics attracts individuals with preferences that differ from those of non-economists. While the literature on the matter is growing, a comprehensive picture of the nature and sources of the differences has not yet emerged. This article reviews research based on the survey, experimental, and field evidence collected since 1990 to detect, characterize, and explain the differences. It points at some problems inherent to the methodology that dominates the existing research. Primarily, it directs attention to some psychological and social-psychological aspects of training and socializing economists that have not found adequate recognition so far, but should be considered, to better understand the phenomena in question.
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Barabash, L. V. "THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF HARMONIZATION OF UKRAINIAN TAX SYSTEM IN CONTEXT OF BEHAVIORAL FINANCE." Collected Works of Uman National University of Horticulture 2, no. 98 (June 20, 2021): 254–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.31395/2415-8240-2021-98-2-254-262.
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The tax system of Ukraine in the way in which it now operates, in terms of performance does not meet the conditions of modern tax systems of the world's leading countries. Proof of this is 84th place in the ranking of competitiveness and 23rd place in the ranking of the Top 25 countries with the highest level of taxation. Therefore, harmonization of the tax system is needed to simplify tax treatment and reduce the tax burden or average it in order to reduce the prices of goods production means. It is noteworthy that harmonization is now considered primarily as the harmonization of the standards of the tax systems of different countries in the framework of cooperation and the achievement of mutual positive effects. However, each state has its own economic traits and national traditions, which are reflected in the functioning of taxes. Therefore, harmonization, as a phenomenon of an economic nature, is quite applicable within a particular tax system. Among plenty of factors influencing the operating of the tax system, a group of behavioral aspects is relatively new for the native economic environment. They are based on the habits, traditions and culture of the population, public consciousness and the level of psychological and social tension in society. Although it is notable that behavioral factors arise and worsen under the influence of other groups of parameters. And one of these is the level of fiscalization of the economy and its basis - the tax system. The high level of fiscalization of the tax system has formed a negative attitude of taxpayers to taxation, which has intensified the shadow trends in the state economy. The inconsistency between the amounts of taxes paid and the quality and amount of services and benefits received from the state, as well as the low level of social guarantees, caused a general cognitive dissonance. Transformed into a prejudice, he acquired a national social character, forming a model of economic behavior that in fact denies the defining role of the state in the life of the modern individual. Therefore, it should be emphasized that the harmonious functioning of the tax system should be based on a comprehensive approach, taking into account various factors. And from this point of view, behavioral finance becomes a factor of core and direct influence.
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Hadian, Dedi, Dudung Juhana, Soelaiman Sukmalana, Aan Hardiyana, Maulana Yusup, Iwan Sidharta, Adhie Fasha Nurhadian, and Nenny Rinawati. "Authentic Leadership on Employee Coping and Its Impact on Psychological Vulnerable: Survey on Public Organization in Bandung, Indonesia." Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 11, no. 5 (September 2, 2022): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2022-0131.
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The study tested the preceding research model to develop theories regarding aspects of authentic leadership and employee coping in public organizations. Researchers conducted a survey on public organizations with 198 respondents whose task is providing services to the community. Researchers used the convenience sampling technique to take samples of respondents who work in public organizations in Bandung, Indonesia. To test the proposed research model, researchers used a non-parametric approach to predict the model of research. The result of this study indicates there is a connection between authentic leadership and psychological vulnerability mediated by proactive coping in uncertain situations, especially during COVID-19. The study result contributes to filling the research gaps, which shows the effectiveness of authentic leadership in encouraging proactive behavior of employees in dealing with stress and reducing the impact of psychological vulnerability on employees of public organizations. The research implication recommends that leaders of public organizations encourage the employees' proactive behavior by providing direct support. Thus, the employees can be more effective in dealing with uncertain situations to decrease the impact of psychological vulnerability.
Received: 17 April 2022 / Accepted: 19 August 2022 / Published: 2 September 2022
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Yuniarta, Gede Adi, and I. Gusti Ayu Purnamawati. "Spiritual, psychological and social dimensions of taxpayers compliance." Journal of Financial Crime 27, no. 3 (May 25, 2020): 995–1007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfc-03-2020-0045.
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Purpose This paper aims to analyze the role of spiritual, psychological and social dimensions of business taxpayer compliance in micro small and medium enterprises. Tax compliance is an ideal condition for taxpayers who meet tax regulations and report income accurately and honestly. However, the reality in Indonesia shows the voluntary compliance level to the community is still low. This is reflected in the amount of state tax revenue compared to gross domestic product. Design/methodology/approach The location of the study was conducted on taxpayers of micro small and medium enterprises in Bali Province. The type of data used in this study is quantitative data with primary data sources in the form of questionnaires to 100 business taxpayers. Data analysis uses multiple linear regression. Findings The results showed that money ethics (as a psychological dimension) and tax socialization (as a social dimension), did not significantly influence tax compliance. Karma phala (as a spiritual dimension) has a positive and significant effect on business taxpayers’ compliance. When an individual's behavior has reflected commitment in their religion philosophy, it is expected to be a control of deviant behavior and good behavior in taxation obligations. In the future, it will be able to prevent deviations from perversion and universal undesirable. Research limitations/implications Research is only limited to entrepreneurs who are in the micro small and medium business sector, so it is still lacking in representing the public opinions, especially business people in businesses whose scope is wider. In addition, the variables used in this study are still not maximized, one can add more variables, one of which is tax modernization. Originality/value Consideration of spirituality dimension use because it is part of individual character formation in attitude and behavior. The psychological and spiritual dimensions include the human behavior theories development that integrate aspects of spirituality to shape human behavior as a whole with a comprehensive perspective, especially religious philosophy through the enforcement of karma phala laws to realize compliance and fulfillment of tax obligations with full responsibility.
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Khan, Saba, Rizwan Raheem Ahmed, Dalia Streimikiene, Justas Streimikis, and Munsif Ali Jatoi. "THE COMPETENCY-BASED TRAINING & ASSESSMENT, AND IMPROVEMENT OF TECHNICAL COMPETENCIES AND CHANGES IN PEDAGOGICAL BEHAVIOR." E+M Ekonomie a Management 25, no. 1 (March 2022): 96–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.15240/tul/001/2022-1-006.
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This research aims to analyze the improvement of technical competencies and changes in pedagogical behavior on competency-based training and assessment. We developed a modified conceptual model with the help of previous literature. We examined the impact of competency-based training & assessment on traditional teaching methodologies, practical teaching strategies, technical knowledge, and pedagogical & technical components as outcome variables. We also incorporated behavior & psychological aspects of teachers as mediators in our modified conceptual model and examined the mediation between exogenous and endogenous variables. We have collected the data of 458 respondents using a modified structured questionnaire from public and private teachers of Sindh technical and vocational institutions online from different regions of Sindh, Pakistan. For the data analyses, we employed SEM-based multivariate techniques. The findings exhibit that the direct relationship between competency-based training & assessment (independent variable) has a significant and positive influence on traditional teaching methodologies, practical teaching strategies, technical knowledge, and pedagogical & technical components as outcome variables. Similarly, the findings further concluded that behavior & psychological aspects are potent mediators between competency-based training & assessment and traditional teaching methodologies, teaching-learning abilities, practical teaching strategies, technical knowledge, and pedagogical & technical components as outcome variables. Hence, the behavior & psychological aspects of teachers is a vital factor that accelerates the impact of competency-based training & assessment on the dependent variables. The outcomes of this research are imperative theoretical and practical implications, which may guide the direction of future researchers and policymakers of vocational training and education.
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Cvetanović, Slobodan, Sretko Ribać, and Danijela Despotović. "FINANCIAL ASPECTS OF HEALTH PROTECTION." Knowledge International Journal 28, no. 1 (December 10, 2018): 297–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij2801297c.
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In addition to education, health is a basic component of human capital. Until recently the significance of health of the population was not the subject of serious study in economic science. However, in recent research, health is increasingly treated as a factor with long-term effect on economic development. It was concluded that the realisation of various health programmes had pronounced and numerous economic effects. The improvement of health services resulted in reduced mortality rate between the developed and underdeveloped countries, which had effect on economic growth. The health of individuals is reflected in biological, psychological, and social sphere, and their interaction. The more healthy individuals in a society, the easier it is to drive economic development. Thus in the economy of health the “production “of health as an important process in human capital increases. Total health “production” is determined by numerous factors such as available income, property, degree of education, genetic predisposition and level of public health. Besides, many other factors that determine life style of an individual are also important, which influences the creation of health needs like smoking, alcohol and drug consumption etc. These factors have impact on health “production” by using the available financial resources. Here, the possibilities of new technologies to satisfy various needs for health care should also be mentioned, since they are unavoidably connected with the increasing finances. Treatment of health protection as a domain where health is “produced” leads to conclusion that it is possible, in analytical sense, to express the relation between health status (of an individual, certain group of people, or ethnic community) as a result of health protection system and factors that determine that status in the form of production function Health = F (health protection, other inputs, time). This does not refer so much to health industry, aimed at preventing diseases (although it is important as well), but, first and foremost, to prevention and healthy lifestyle (diet, physical activity, finding right measures for each thing, avoiding harmful substances and pollution of the environment). Healthy life, of course, includes sufficient free time and appropriate living standard. Health of labour is particularly affected by healthy diet, healthy working environment, appropriate daily, weekly, and annual breaks, appropriate housing, organized care of employees’ young children, organization of physical and social activities in the company, and the like. In this context, the central problem of health protection system management is how to provide maximum possible level of health status of population with the available finances allocated for health protection. Health economists, logically, cannot directly influence the improvement of health status of the population, but can be useful in increase of efficiency in the use of available finances for health care, i.e. increase the level of health status of the population by using the same amount of finances.
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Macht, Stephanie, and Geoffrey Chapman. "Getting more than money through online crowdfunding." Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration 11, no. 2 (July 16, 2019): 171–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/apjba-05-2019-0101.
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Purpose Many businesses invest significant resources to develop human, social and psychological capital, yet Crowdfunding (CF) activities have the potential to build all of these non-financial forms of capital at the same time as raising finance. The purpose of this paper is to explore the non-financial forms of capital that entrepreneurs and businesses using online CF activities can gain from their backers without having to ask for it. Design/methodology/approach The study used thematic, qualitative analysis to explore the comments and queries that crowdfunders posted on the publicly visible message board of individual CF projects on Kickstarter, one of the world’s leading crowdfunding platforms (CFPs). Findings Fund-seekers can gain more than money from crowdfunders: they can enhance their own human capital (e.g. knowledge of the viability of the project), social capital (e.g. the development of a bonding relationship) and psychological capital (e.g. self-efficacy and resilience) by effectively interpreting unsolicited comments and questions. Research limitations/implications This study is based on typed comments on CFP message boards, which limits insights into underlying reasons and motivations. However, the qualitative analysis of message board comments demonstrates how this type of data can be utilised to explore crucial aspects of CF that have to date been neglected. Practical implications Comments from many crowdfunders can provide useful information to fund-seeking entrepreneurs and businesses, although some of it may require interpretation. Originality/value The opportunity for fund-seekers to gain non-financial capital from crowdfunders, without having to ask for it, has not previously been explicitly considered in the field.
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Rengel, Rodrigo, and Darci Schnorrenberger. "Influence of the alignment of operators’ preferences on the use of managerial information,." Revista Contabilidade & Finanças 33, no. 88 (April 2022): 81–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1808-057x202112900.
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ABSTRACT This article aimed to evaluate the influence of the alignment of operators’ preferences for aggregating or disaggregating on the use of managerial information. Although studies indicate that accounting information has the potential to support the decision-making process, they also point to its limited use. However, those studies have basically investigated aspects such as information received versus demanded, timeliness, and legal and corporate aspects. There remains the question of whether divergences in preferences regarding the way information is presented, between those who elaborate and those who use it, could also be an explanatory factor. Thus, this study sought to investigate, under the lens of Mental Accounting Theory (MAT), whether there are differences in operators’ preferences that help to explain the low use of accounting information to support the decision-making process. The relevance of this article lies in better understanding the reasons for the low use of accounting information to support the decision-making process, despite its contributive potential, seeking organizational continuity and prosperity. As an impact on the area, this article helps preparers to understand and contemplate users’ demands and preferences, resulting in greater use of information. The aim is for informed decisions to be taken without the influence of opportunisms, randomness, or the bias of whoever prepares the information. A quasi-experiment was operationalized with 1,074 students, 550 of accounting courses (preparers) and 524 of management courses (users) at four (public and private) universities in the south of Brazil. The study involves empirical, quantitative, descriptive, and applied research. For the data analysis, descriptive statistics, logistic regressions, and homogeneity analysis by means of alternating least squares (HOMALS) were used. In most of the scenarios, the operators (preparers and users) presented a preference for disaggregating the information, independently of whether they follow the assumptions of MAT or not. It was observed that the search for informational volume for more assertive decision making predominates over the psychological gains and the value function perceived by the individual. Those who prefer disaggregated information are willing to align/use accounting information for management.
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Успаева, Милана Гумкиевна, Ахмед Магомедович Гачаев, and Мадина Рамзановна Хаджимурадова. "The Federal Budget of the Russian Federation as an instrument of socio-economic development: educational aspects." Management of Education, no. 4(44) (September 15, 2021): 198–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.25726/t2212-1748-7661-u.
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Внедрение институционального подхода к исследованию бюджетной системы является важным и включает определение признаков института бюджетного регулирования, институциональной среды, обеспечивающее его функционирование, трансакционных затрат с применением теории общественного выбора. Институты бюджетной системы имеют сложную внутреннюю структуру норм, правил, эволюция этих институтов тесно связана с развитием институтов государственного управления, макроэкономического регулирования. На основные характеристики функционирования и развития социально-экономических систем в плоскости общественной жизни с его философскими, правовыми, социальными, психологическими, культурными особенностями непосредственно влияют проявления тесной связи таких факторов, как экономическое поведение субъектов предпринимательской деятельности и факторы, ее определяющие; система и структура стимулов и мотивов экономических агентов; нормы, принципы, правила экономического поведения. Необходимые институты в сфере государственных финансов формируются в процессе общественного развития, определенные функциональные связи, которые устанавливаются между ними, становятся основой возникновения соответствующих финансовых отношений. Институциональная среда раскрывает влияние финансового механизма на показатели экономического и социального развития. Исследование взаимосвязи эффективности бюджетной системы как составляющей государственного регулирования и характеристики институциональной среды страны доказывают, что именно институциональная среда в значительной мере создает условия, при которых в рамках институциональной архитектоники экономической системы выстраивается ее составляющая — институциональная архитектоника финансовой системы. Такие условия существенно зависят от ряда особенностей страны в историческом и социокультурном аспектах, становления институтов в обществе, характеристики его институциональной среды. The introduction of an institutional approach to the study of the budget system is important and includes the definition of the features of the institution of budget regulation, the institutional environment that ensures its functioning, transaction costs using the theory of public choice. The institutions of the budget system have a complex internal structure of norms and rules, the evolution of these institutions is closely related to the development of public administration institutions, macroeconomic regulation. The main characteristics of the functioning and development of socio-economic systems in the plane of public life with its philosophical, legal, social, psychological, cultural characteristics are directly affected by the manifestations of a close relationship of such factors as the economic behavior of business entities and the factors that determine it; the system and structure of incentives and motives of economic agents; norms, principles, rules of economic behavior. The necessary institutions in the field of public finance are formed in the process of social development, certain functional connections that are established between them become the basis for the emergence of appropriate financial relations. The institutional environment reveals the impact of the financial mechanism on the indicators of economic and social development. The study of the relationship between the effectiveness of the budget system as a component of state regulation and the characteristics of the country's institutional environment proves that it is the institutional environment that largely creates the conditions under which its component — the institutional architectonics of the financial system-is built within the framework of the institutional architectonics of the economic system. Such conditions significantly depend on a number of features of the country in historical and socio-cultural aspects, the formation of institutions in society, the characteristics of its institutional environment.
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Hoffmann, Diane E., and Anita J. Tarzian. "Dying in America — An Examination of Policies that Deter Adequate End-of-life Care in Nursing Homes." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 33, no. 2 (2005): 294–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2005.tb00495.x.
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The quality of end-of-life care in this country is often poor. There is abundant literature indicating that dying individuals do not receive adequate pain medication or palliative care, are tethered to machines and tubes in a way that challenges their dignity and autonomy, and are not helped to deal with the emotional grief and psychological angst that may accompany the dying process. While this is true for individuals in many settings, it seems to be especially true for individuals in nursing homes. This is somewhat puzzling given that (1) considerable resources have been devoted to bringing public attention to this problem, (2) we have the knowledge and expertise to provide such care, and (3) we have a government-financed benefit that covers this type of care - the Medicare hospice benefit (MHB).While utilization of hospice care has increased during the last decade, there is considerable evidence that hospice care remains underutilized particularly in the long term care setting.
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VOZNYAK, Halyna, and Khrystyna PATYTSKA. "FINANCES OF TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES OF UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF SPREADING PANDEMIC: PROBLEM-ORIENTED ANALYSIS TAKING INTO ACCOUNT BEHAVIORAL ASPECTS." Economy of Ukraine 2021, no. 6 (June 22, 2021): 78–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/economyukr.2021.06.078.
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It is shown that the pandemic in Ukraine has caused new challenges and increased the risks to the sustainable progress of territorial communities, and quarantine measures have deepened the negative trends in strengthening of their financial capacity. The processes of formation and use of financial resources of territorial communities of Ukraine in the conditions of a pandemic are analyzed. Emphasis is placed on the peculiarities of the COVID-19 crisis at the local level (asymmetric impact on the development of territories, negative financial and economic effects, uncertainty in financial and management decisions). The tendencies of pandemic influence on financial indicators of territorial communities in the context of selected groups (cities of regional significance, urban, settlement and rural territorial communities) are revealed: reduction of financial support of local budgets from the state budget, slowdown of growth of tax revenues on basic taxes; reduction of financial resources to ensure the economic development of territories, etc. Problems that negatively affect the strengthening of financial capacity of communities are identified, including: lack of vertical coordination and coordination of actions of public authorities and local governments in addressing the effects of the pandemic and ensuring the development of territories; unsystematic nature of the reaction of local authorities to the crisis; excessive orientation of local governments to finance social expenditures and delegated powers while reducing the amount of economic direction; low communication of local governments with residents of communities (especially rural) in the conditions of remote work. The influence of cognitive, social and psychological factors on decision-making is proved, which is peculiar both to individuals and groups of persons in the part of: substantiation of non-systemic character and short-term perspective of reaction of governing bodies of different levels to the crisis; underemployment of hired workers; establishing systematic communication between the authorities and residents; formation of effective mechanisms of interaction and support of citizens taking into account behavioral representations of people.
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Zakharova, I. N., L. Ja Klimov, L. D. Kochneva, M. G. Gevandova, V. A. Kuryaninova, M. V. Stoyan, V. S. Kashnikov, A. V. Ivanova, A. V. Jagupova, and S. N. Kashnikovа. "Social Aspects of Adherence to Gluten-Free Diet for Children and Adolescents with Celiac Disease." Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics) 65, no. 6 (January 22, 2021): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2020-65-6-57-64.
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The purpose of the study: analysis of medical and social problems and factors affecting the availability and compliance of a gluten-free diet, based on a survey of parents of children with celiac disease living in southern Russia. Purpose of the Study: Analysis of the medical and social problems and factors affecting the availability and adherence to the gluten-free diet based on the results of the questioning survey of the parents of children with celiac disease that are residents of the south of Russia. Children Characteristics and Study Methods. The study include 200 families that bring up the children with the celiac disease at the ages from 10 months to 18 years. The patients included 116 (58%) girls and 84 (42%) boys. The medical and social issues were studied using the developed questionnaire consisting of the open questions and intended as self-administered by the patient parents. Results. 87% of the families noted the significant difficulties in adhering to the diet, 75% were forced to refuse to travel with children, 56% of the surveyed were unable to visit the public spaces, restaurants, and 90% indicated the impossibility and difficulties in purchase of the gluten-free products. The strict adherence to the diet at school age is much worse. The main reasons for the deliberate non- adherence to the gluten-free diet are the high cost of food, lack of funds to purchase it. The patient families spend RUB 8,000– 9,000 per month in average to purchase the gluten-free products. There is a great demand of patients for the imported products with the relevant quality marks. The psychological symptoms were noted in the patients with celiac disease in response to the introduction of the gluten-free diet, manifested by the depression, aggression, irritability, high level of the anxiety. Conclusion. The main difficulties faced by the families that bring up the children and adolescents with the celiac disease include the social and psychological maladjustment of the patients, reduced finances, search and purchase of the high-quality gluten-free products and the necessity to adapt the child and family members to the dietary habits.
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Marmul, Larisa, Liudmyla Liudmyla, and Vadym Yarovyy. "Mechanisms, motives and incentives for providing strategic priorities for the development of tourist enterprises in the rural." University Economic Bulletin, no. 54 (September 27, 2022): 38–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2306-546x-2022-54-38-45.
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The subject of the research is the theoretical and practical aspects of the functioning of tourist enterprises, including rural areas, the formation and use of their mechanisms, incentives and motives to ensure strategic development priorities and increase competitiveness in the future. The purpose of the work is to identify factors in the formation and use of mechanisms, incentives and motives for ensuring the strategic priorities of the development of tourism enterprises in the countryside, their components, effectiveness, and potential opportunities. The methodological basis of the article is general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge: system-structural analysis and synthesis, problem-targeted approach, statistical-economic, historical, monographic. Results of the article. The article identifies competitive advantages, risks, bottlenecks, resources and opportunities as factors in the formation of mechanisms, incentives and motives for the development of tourist enterprises, including in the countryside. Their components and their role in ensuring the strategic priorities of tourist activity are defined. Grounded directions and sources of further improvement, primarily through consideration of environmental motives and incentives, application of mechanisms and tools of behavioral economics and finance, aesthetic components. Field of application of results. The results can be used by tourism enterprises, territorial communities, regional and state authorities, public organizations, individual entrepreneurs and activists, institutions of higher education, scientific institutions. Conclusions. When substantiating mechanisms, identifying motives and developing incentives for tourism activity for the future, psychological and behavioral factors that are difficult to systematize should be taken into account. It is about positive emotions, desires, ambitions, beliefs, preferences, behavioral finance, which can also be motives, incentives, and mechanisms to one degree or another at the same time. Yes, it can be hopes for the implementation of the family business so that it can be inherited and developed by future generations; gather a large family under one roof, etc. Finally, people like to be admired, praised, set as an example, shown gratitude, etc.
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Podstawski, Robert, Marta Żurawik, Krzysztof Borysławski, Aneta Anna Omelan, and Anatolii Tsos. "Working conditions of physical education teachers in European higher education institutions." Physical Activity Review 10, no. 2 (2022): 111–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.16926/par.2022.10.26.
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Aim: One of the problems of modern higher education is the so-called "New core curricula", which oblige PE teachers to make many changes in the way they work. PE teachers face several restrictions to provide PE programs that improve students' physical fitness, cognitive development, and overall health. The research aimed to investigate the working conditions of university PE teachers in selected European tertiary institutions. Materials and Methods: The quantitative research employed purposive sampling. Five academics volunteered to collect information on 66 European tertiary institutions located in Poland, Slovakia, Serbia, Hungary, Czech Republic, Slovenia, Turkey, Spain, Montenegro, Croatia, Bosnia & Hercegovina, Finland and Kosovo. Quantitative data were collected using questionnaires with a set of questions concerning characteristics of tertiary institutions and various aspects of working conditions of university PE teachers. Results: Two thirds of the university PE teachers held master's degree in PE since in over 42% of surveyed institutions, a master's degree in physical education was required to conduct PE classes. The majority of PE teachers (84.4%) were employed full-time, and on average worked 38.6 days in an academic year. Significantly more PE teachers with masters and doctoral degrees (p = 0.012) were employed full-time, or fixed term in public, middle size HEIs (p <0.001). In HEIs in cities with less than 500,000 residents, PE teachers were more often encouraged for participation in CPD (p = 0.049). Significantly more public HEIs fully or partially covered the costs of CPD or conferences (p <0.001), whereas in non-public or small HEIs significantly more PE teachers had to finance the costs of CPD. Moreover, significantly more (p =0.037) universities implemented specific PE teachers’ evaluation criteria with a personal record of their achievements. Conclusion: There is a pressing need to improve qualifications of university PE teachers, as many European HEIs do not support PE teachers in CPD. Furthermore, lack of CPD opportunities, low salaries and lack of career promotion perspectives combined with lower psychological resilience, may result in professional burnout syndrome.
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McCrindle, Cheryl M. E. "The role of the veterinarian in the education and health of pre-school children." Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 62, no. 4 (December 31, 1991): 176–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/jsava.v62i4.1784.
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Two surveys conducted in pre-schools (n=156) located in advantaged areas and disadvantaged areas in Pretoria, indicated that animals had social and psychological as well as educational value for pre-school children. All schools (n=156) utilised animals in some way for the education of pre-school children. Nineteen of the pre-schools in advantaged areas kept animals permanently at the school. All of these schools utilised the zoo. Only 3 of the schools in disadvantaged areas (n=106) were able to keep animals permanently on the premises although 69 would have liked to keep animals and 77 of the schools visited the zoo at least once a year. Limiting factors included lack of finances and facilities, lack of knowledge on animal management and anxiety about zoonoses. No cases of zoonotic disease in children were recorded. The species of animals utilised at the pre-schools differed from those found most commonly as household pets. Pre-schools favoured rodents, fish and birds rather than carnivores.The role of the veterinarian may include clinical treatment of the animals from the pre-school, advice on management and zoonosis prevention, pet-care counselling, communication with children and their parents in the consulting room, public health aspects and promotion of environmental education.
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Donaldson, Andrew R. "Aspects of the New Public Finance." OECD Journal on Budgeting 6, no. 2 (December 1, 2006): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/budget-v6-art11-en.
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Evison, Margaret. "Psychological aspects of surgery." Foundation Years 1, no. 1 (August 2005): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/s1744-1889(06)70003-2.
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Morgan, Kevin. "Psychological aspects of ageing." Women's Health Medicine 3, no. 2 (March 2006): 81–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1383/wohm.2006.3.2.81.
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Sultan, Nasir, Kiran Khushnood, and Waqar Ahmed Awan. "A Lesson / An Eye Opener." Rehabilitation Journal 6, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 268–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.52567/trj.v6i01.149.
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The pandemic of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has led to serious implications throughout the globe ranging from finance, education, social support to health. There is hardly any aspect left untouched by this fatality. It has also opened our eyes about unequal and unjust distribution of resources among the world where the deprived have seen the worse scenarios. The developed nations tried to cope this situation with their assets while the rest have either suffered or have emerged even stronger. The major burden was definitely on the health services delivery and provision, where the scares means from equipment to space and man power have all played their role. The pandemic has opened the eyes of health policy makers and service providers who were living in deception and have never been ready for certain contagion. We have come to know that the medical services are never enough to deal with similar situation. COVID-19 has taught us the skill of how to be prepared and fight in a worse situation but unfortunately, we have learned this after losing many precious lives. The changes in healthcare practices have also been modified. The infection control (IC) system which should have been a focus prior became a highlight after pandemic. The IC practices in hospitals (public and private sector) were not sufficient and adherence to them wasn’t observed either. Even the majority of services providers and heath care professionals weren’t aware of use of personal protective equipment (PPE); their use and sequences of donning and doffing, except for those working in intensive care units and isolation areas. Thanks to COVID-19 who taught us to be familiar with these things whether their use is un-common. COVID-19 has also been a guide for people in rehabilitation who are prime part of recovery from all illnesses including this pandemic. COVID-19 was found to be a cause of multiple complications i.e. pulmonary, cardiac, neurological, musculoskeletal, psychological and social. Attention was also diverted to recovery in all the mentioned aspects which led to provision and improvements in tertiary care setups with focus on rehabilitation as a mode of full recovery. The stakeholders have started to be more focused on improving the mental and physical aspects of disease along with the physiological. The rehabilitation and physical therapy services have not been spared from the pandemic. Where the physical therapy professionals were not ready and well trained to deal with contagious diseases and safety measures it put us in a bigger challenge. Many clinics and hospitals had scares availability of personnel protective equipment (PPE) which also lead to seriousness of situation. As for provision of physical therapy care direct contact with patients cannot be limited, and lack of knowledge on unavailability of PPE could put therapist’s or the patient’s life in danger. Covid-19 opened the eyes and importance of teaching safety measures and donning and doffing of PPEs was learned with appropriate sequence. Although the well-organized hospitals were also working as per global standard protocols had least difficulty dealing with such issues. The physical therapists are trained to deal with such emergencies and critical situations but not being exposed to a pandemic and emergency like this has made the suppression of such reflexes in practice. The therapist learned to manage patients with optimum precautions making sure that the quality of care is not compromised. Several tele-rehabilitation models have also been develop and practiced to encounter the issue.1, 2 Hence we would take COVID-19 as an eye opener and as taught to be fair in the division of global resources and be prepared for a disaster that doesn’t discriminate among developed and undeveloped nations. The efficient use of services and being aware of emergency and safe healthcare practices can save us from unpredictable disasters like COVID-19.
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Tartaglia, Charles. "Psychological Aspects of Hospice Care." Hospice Journal, The 3, no. 4 (February 15, 1989): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j011v03n04_05.
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Kiyak, H. Asuman. "Psychological aspects of orthognathic surgery." Psychology & Health 8, no. 2-3 (April 1993): 197–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08870449308403179.
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Dragan, Olena V., Ganna S. Yermakova, Andrii M. Chvaliuk, Oleg G. Kurchin, and Oleg V. Karagodin. "Psychological Aspects of Corruption in Public Administration: Case-Study of Ukraine." Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 9, no. 6 (November 19, 2020): 264. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2020-0130.
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The purpose of this research was to explore the psychological aspects of corruption in public administration through a combination of methods such as the non-systematic review, a semi-structured interview, a survey questionnaire, and observations of the anti-corruption court hearings. The study employed a case research design using the exploratory research strategy. It relied on a combination of data collection methods. The study was designed as a flow of three basic stages such as identification of psychological factors of corruption, validation of factors, and assessment of relative importance of every factor using the Triangular Assessment Method. It provided first-hand evidence and cases for the course in “Psychological, Behavioural and Economic Triggers of Corruption.” The IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0.0.1. Software was used to process the yielded data. The study found that civil servants’ ambitions to get rich quick, their low self-esteem, psychological dependencies, community-accepted image, sense of impunity were the major psychological aspects pushing the people to corruption in Ukraine. It was also found that the sense of impunity could be considered to be the primary psychological impact factor stimulating corruption actions by the civil servants, specifically. The self-esteem could be regarded as a second important psychological factor of corruption in public administration, which is related to the persons’ vision of their role in the community. The third important factor was ambitions driven by ‘easy money’ and status. The last two factors such as psychological dependencies, the community-accepted image were judged to be the least important ones. Further in-depth research is needed to identify the gender difference in the psychological aspects of corruption in public administration.
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Буздалина, О. Б. "cted aspects of improving public finance management tools." Audit and Financial Analysis, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 52–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.38097/afa.2021.33.18.008.
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В настоящее время важное внимание уделяется вопросам качественного управления финансовыми ресурсами государства, которые необходимы для развития экономики государства. Качественное управление подразумевает и эффективное и ответственное управление, что позволяет обеспечить устойчивость национальной бюджетной системы и социально-экономического роста. Эффективное и ответственное управление государственными финансами имеет важное значение с точки зрения обеспечения устойчивости национальной бюджетной системы, а также обеспечения общей финансовой безопасности и устойчивого экономического роста. Currently, important attention is paid to the issues of high-quality management of the state's financial resources, which are necessary for the development of the state's economy. High-quality management implies effective and responsible management, which ensures the sustainability of the national budget system and socio-economic growth. Effective and responsible public financial management is essential to ensure the sustainability of the national budget system, as well as to ensure overall financial security and sustainable economic growth.Public finances are managed through economic policy. The purpose of which is the following defining positive characteristics, including: improvement of the quality and standard of living of the population, sustainable economic growth, development of the social sphere of the state, possible provision of financial independence, macroeconomic balance, a positive balance of payments, a balanced deficit-free budget, reduction of public debt, stability of the national currency, as well as ensuring the social stability of citizens, with the help of laws, norms and rules of the financial system.
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Collis, Karen. "The psychological aspects of palliative care." Foundation Years 1, no. 2 (October 2005): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/s1744-1889(06)70013-5.
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Abenova, A. S. "PUBLIC POLICY PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT ON SHAPING PUBLIC OPINION: METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS." BULLETIN Series of Sociological and Political sciences 69, no. 1 (March 15, 2020): 190–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.51889/2020-1.1728-8940.30.
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The article analyzes the methodological foundations of the study of performance management of public authorities on shaping public opinion. The Author considers various definitions of the concept of “public opinion”, considering that public opinion is an expression of certain morals and ethics of society and the attitude of social communities to the phenomena of public life, and social-psychological communicative phenomenon. Special attention is paid to strategies, concepts and approaches to the problem of public policy performance management.
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Gibson, Bryan. "Psychological aspects of smoker-nonsmoker interaction: Implications for public policy." American Psychologist 49, no. 12 (1994): 1081–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.49.12.1081.
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Scappaticci, Anne Lise Silveira, and Sergio Luis Blay. "Homeless teen mothers: social and psychological aspects." Journal of Public Health 17, no. 1 (June 4, 2008): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10389-008-0195-8.
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Aleshchenko, V. "Psychological aspects of the information war." Visnyk Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Military-Special Sciences, no. 2(50) (2022): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2217.2022.50.27-31.
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The article has analyzed views of domestic and foreign authors on the essence and content of the concepts of "information warfare", "psychological war" and "information-psychological war" as components of a hybrid war. Within the psychological paradigm, information warfare is understood as the latent impact of information on individual, group and mass consciousness through methods of propaganda, misinformation, manipulation to form new views on the socio-political organization of society through changes in values and basic attitudes. The concept of "world psychological warfare", various theoretical approaches, tools of information and theoretical approach are considered. The tools of the information warfare against Ukraine are propaganda; manipulation; attempts to change public opinion; psychological and psychotropic pressure; spreading rumors, blocking TV and radio broadcasts; removal of Ukrainian channels in the occupied territories; disinformation and distribution of fake news; distribution of fake information. The defining features of the concepts of "information warfare" and "psychological war" are that information warfare is conducted mostly in cyberspace, while psychological – in social space. The organizational differences of the information influence of the Russian Federation in the basic training of law enforcement specialists are investigated. The main directions of work, forms of information warfare activities which were carried out by the Russian party are characterized. The main psychological challenges of modern information wars are shown. The psychological challenges caused by the war are identified, which are conditionally divided into the following four groups: challenges to Ukrainians as a community; challenges to the mental health of the individual; challenges to psychological well-being; challenges to Ukrainian psychologists as a professional community. In the course of the study, recommendations for confrontation in the information warfare were formed. The main necessary measures to counteract the information aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine are suggested.
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Seriogin, S. M., O. S. Petrenko, and S. I. Sokolovskiy. "Psychological dependence of public servants as factor of corruption behavior." Public administration aspects 6, no. 11-12 (February 20, 2019): 102–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/151879.
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The purpose of the article is to identify psychological aspects of preventing corruption in the professional activities of public servants by analyzing the main motives of systemic corruption behavior and socio-cultural aspects of their formation. It is revealed that research on the motives of corruption behavior is associated with several important factors: 1) the stereotypes of understanding of the corruption existing in the Ukrainian society; 2) social factors of corruption behavior - historical, economic, political, cultural, collective-psychological and individual psychological; 3) socio-cultural aspects of the formation of anticorruption consciousness.There are several motives of corruption behavior: game, social, monetary etc. This is due to the existence of the most common frames of mass consciousness, which are recorded in the Ukrainian society regarding the perception of corruption. The determining factors of the occurrence of corruption behavior in the professional activities of public servants are the psychological dependencies of the person, which leads to the use of the concept of psychological research.Corruptive behavior is defined as deviant one and causes the perception of the responsibilities of the public service as an opportunity to obtain satisfaction from the prospect of receiving unlawful benefits and privileges for violating official moral and ethical requirements (the formation of dependence). The types of psychological dependencies of public servants (on power, money, etc.) are distinguished. It is shown that a painful manifestation of such a person’s psychological dependency is kleptomania. In order to prevent corruption in the professional activities of public servants, it is proposed to apply scientifically substantiated psychological and diagnostic support, in particular special methods for determining the propensity for kleptomania and corruption behavior.
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Smith, S. "Environmental and public finance aspects of the taxation of energy." Oxford Review of Economic Policy 14, no. 4 (December 1, 1998): 64–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxrep/14.4.64.
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Proost, Stef, Bruno De Borger, and Pia Koskenoja. "Chapter 3 Public finance aspects of transport charging and investments." Research in Transportation Economics 19 (January 2007): 59–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0739-8859(07)19003-x.
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Bashbaeva, Muslima, Ainur Zinalieva, Gulmira Umarova, Akmaral Baspakova, and Ainash Duisenova. "Psychophysical Aspects of Public Health in the Oil and Gas Region." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 8, E (August 30, 2020): 446–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2020.4542.
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This study attempts to determine whether the prolonged stay of people in an unfavorable environment, in our case the oil and gas (OG) region, affects their psychophysical health, makes them vulnerable, prone to psychosomatic diseases, creates psychological problems, or leads to internal conflicts. Participants (typically healthy people) were asked to answer questions based on the multidimensional fatigue inventory (MFI-20). The scale reflects the following five main dimensions of fatigue: General fatigue, physical fatigue, reduced activity, mental fatigue, and reduced motivation. Three of them, namely general fatigue, physical fatigue, and mental fatigue, are of particular importance for this work. The study revealed the psychological profiles of the population of the study region and concluded that the OG region poses a significant risk to public health with all the ensuing consequences.
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Kamarulzaman, Nur Aizat, Khai Ern Lee, Kim Shyong Siow, and Mazlin Mokhtar. "Public benefit and risk perceptions of nanotechnology development: Psychological and sociological aspects." Technology in Society 62 (August 2020): 101329. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2020.101329.
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Malimon, L. Ya. "Psychological Aspects of Evaluation of Personnel in the System of Public Service." Psychological Prospects Journal 29 (2017): 161–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.29038/2227-1376-2017-29-161-175.
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Swim, Janet, and Eugene Borgida. "Public Opinion on the Psychological and Legal Aspects of Televising Rape Trials1." Journal of Applied Social Psychology 17, no. 5 (May 1987): 507–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.1987.tb00327.x.
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Gore, Aaditya, and Anuradha Parasar. "Adversarial Criminal Investigation - Legal, Psychological, and Sociological Aspects." ECS Transactions 107, no. 1 (April 24, 2022): 873–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10701.0873ecst.
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Criminal investigation in India is premised on the adversarial system, which provides for investigative fact finding with complete police discretion in fact finding. Investigation to find out only inculpatory facts deviates from the requirement of fairness in executive procedure. The purpose of investigation is to find out the truth. Exculpatory facts are a part of that truth. Constraints placed upon the freedom of the arrestee during investigative incarceration curtail the ability to establish exculpatory facts. Fair investigative procedure ought to provide for statutory norms for bringing to the fore exculpatory facts. Incarceration-related duress leads at times to false confessions. This paper explores the legal, psychological, and sociological aspects of investigative incarceration, and the practical implications and limitations of processual justice in the adversarial investigative process with special reference to India. A survey of civilian experience of policing is made to understand the approach of the public towards policing as a service.
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Majd, Vahid Khodaie, and Arastu Bakhshaliyev. "The Study of Psychological Aspects of Iranian Mothers’ Lullabies." Asian Social Science 12, no. 4 (March 19, 2016): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v12n4p93.
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<p>Lullabies are one of the best and most appealing national-spiritual songs of the Iranian nation reflecting their high creativity in treating their children. The purpose of the present qualitative study is to examine the psychological aspects of the lullabies used by Iranian mothers through content analysis. Almost two thousand and five hundred lullabies of Farsi and Azeri speaking regions of Iran were selected based on purposive sampling. Having ensured the validity of the sources and documents of the lullabies in the regions, interpretive approach was adopted for studying and analyzing the contents of the lullabies. The content analysis of the lullabies under study indicated their far reaching psychological role in psychic health of the children, especially in creating positive self-concept, feeling of peace and security, reduced stress, and reinforcement of cognitive abilities as well as other psychological aspects, all of which have been discussed in this study.</p>
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Moroz, Ivanna. "LOGOS OF EXTERNAL PUBLIC DEBT: ONTOLOGICAL AND EPISEOOLOGICAL ASPECTS." Economic Analysis, no. 31(2) (2021): 114–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/econa2021.02.00114.
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Introduction. The article considers the theoretical foundations of the essence of external public debt based on the combination of the plurality of its ontological interpretations with other categories of public finance. The content of the concept of external public debt from the standpoint of its understanding as an economic phenomenon, economic category, an instrument of macroeconomic policy and financial burden for future generations is considered. The main approaches and tools of external public debt management are described. The aim is to build a fundamental theoretical construct of the study of external public debt in terms of substantiating its ontological and epistemological interpretations based on the study of relationships with other categories of public finance and the need to create a basis for effective policy of external debt management. Method (methodology). The article uses methods of empirical and retrospective analysis of world and domestic economic thought in order to identify the fundamental foundations of external public debt; methods of generalization and comparison of scientific approaches to determining the logo of external public debt; a systematic approach to justify the relationship and interdependence of external public debt and other categories of public finance. Results. The article formulates the logos of external public debt as a theoretical and philosophical construct of expressing external public debt not only as a unity of components, but a combination of multiple ontological interpretations with other categories of public finance, credit and international relations, national interests and comprehensive orderly reflection of their relationships for the level of confidence and cyclicality in the economy. Such ontological interpretations of external public debt as economic phenomenon, economic category, macroeconomic policy instrument, factor of influence on other categories of public finances, national income and economic processes, object of management are singled out. The conceptual principles of external public debt management are determined.
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Druzhilov, Sergey A. "CONTEMPORARY INFORMATION ENVIRONMENT AND HUMAN ECOLOGY: PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS." Hygiene and sanitation 97, no. 7 (July 15, 2018): 597–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2018-97-7-597-603.
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Introduction. The information environment of the society as an integral part of a human habitat is a factor of his health and must comply with safety requirements. As a result of the development of communication technologies on the basis of computer devices and the Internet, there have been significant changes in the information environment of the society and its impact on people. The study of the negative impact of the contemporary information environment on a human cannot be limited to physical and psychophysiological factors. A semantic component of the information itself is significant. Information environment has a negative impact on the cognitive and emotional sphere of his psyche. The object of information influence is the personality. The objective of the paper is to study the formation of the contemporary information and communication environment of the society, the trends in its development, to define its main components and psychological peculiarities. Material and methods. The method of investigation is a comparative analysis of the views of various authors and their theoretical generalization. Results. Based on the analysis of publications, a current understanding of the information and communication environment of the society is presented. The formation of the information environment is connected with the development of technologies and tools for fixing, preserving and transferring social experience. Six stages of the development of the means of the information transferring and preservation in the society are selected. Global informatization of the environment leads to the changes in people’s lives and activities. The picture of the human world, his worldview, his way of life are exposed to the effects of the information traffic. The risk factor is the deterioration of the human adaptation to new conditions. The changes within the individual do not keep up with the rapid changes in technology. Conclusion. In the context of the new information and communication reality the importance of the problems of human ecology was shown to increase. The information environment of a society as an object of the study can be considered in the following aspects: a) as a human habitat; b) as a means of information human activities; c) as a system of communications, including interpersonal ones; d) as an information infrastructure that provides storage, access and use of information arrays.
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Arborelius, Elisabeth, and Ditte Lindell. "Psychological Aspects of Early and Late Discharge after Hospital Delivery." Scandinavian Journal of Social Medicine 17, no. 1 (April 1989): 103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/140349488901700115.
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Grishanova, Oksana S. "Socio-psychological Aspects of Assessing School Nutrition by Actors in the Education System." Общество: социология, психология, педагогика, no. 7 (2022): 95–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.24158/spp.2022.7.13.
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Romanov, Igor V. "Psychological Aspects of Modern Commemorative Practices of the Image of Peter the Great." Общество: социология, психология, педагогика, no. 10 (2022): 109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.24158/spp.2022.10.17.
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Asenova-Todorova, Asya. "Aspects of Communication Behavior: Medical Institutions and Public Interest." Postmodernism Problems 11, no. 2 (August 5, 2021): 178–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.46324/pmp2102178.
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Not a single organization is immune to crisis. Negligent handling of regulations and standards, misprotection of personal information, mistakes in care and treatment, financial resources frauds, non-compliance with operational and technical processes, or hygiene scandals are just some of the issues that can turn into a crisis. In addition to the universal risks, the emotionally charged topic of healthcare, combined with the importance of healthcare facilities as trustworthy institutions, turns hospital mistakes into events of high news value. This article provides tips and ideas for developing practical communication activities in times of crisis, including answers to the question of what a medical institution can do to be better prepared when a crisis occurs and how to reduce physical, psychological, and emotional stress on the staff and patients.
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Namazbaeva, Zh I., and A. E. Kalymova. "Public awareness of personality - basis for successful implementation of inclusive education in Kazakhstan." Pedagogy and Psychology 42, no. 1 (March 30, 2020): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.51889/2020-1.2077-6861.01.
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This article discusses the general issues of the state and development of inclusive education in the Republic of Ka- zakhstan. The basic psychological and pedagogical problems of the development of inclusive education are disclosed, a significant place is given to solving specific problems regarding the activities of subjects of education. For the first time, an attempt has been made conceptually to reveal the complex relationship between the theory and practice of inclusive education by means of various sciences. A special role is given to highlighting the issue of readiness of the society, future specialists, the socio-psychological and legal aspects are disclosed. In addition, questions of the attitude of society towards people with special educational needs (SEN) were examined and a special place was em- phasized in this process for the psychological support of working with them. The components of psychological readi- ness are highlighted, some forms and methods of its formation in the country’s education system are presented. The development of public consciousness, the formation of a creative, comprehensive personality of persons with special needs is possible only with the implementation of the indicated theoretical, methodological and practical aspects of this great work.
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Li, Xiaoyu. "Analysis of College Students’ Psychological Education Management in Public Emergencies Based on Big Data." Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2022 (September 19, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2654437.
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In recent years, college students’ psychological problems have occurred frequently, and the early warning of college students’ psychological crisis has received social attention. Artificial intelligence and big data, as emerging technologies that have attracted much attention in recent years, have broad application and development space in improving the development of intelligent and refined education in colleges and universities. Applying artificial intelligence and big data to the practice of college students’ mental health education plays a very positive role in accurately finding and scientifically solving college students’ mental health problems. This paper combs the current application and research of artificial intelligence and big data in college students’ mental health education and then clarifies the problems existing in the practical application. Finally, on the basis of in-depth analysis of the characteristics of college students’ psychological crisis, the paper designs college students’ psychological crisis early warning data collection system from six aspects, including the educational administration system and the access control system. And from the aspects of establishing a multilevel linkage feedback early warning system, building a team of big data technical personnel and mental health education personnel, it puts forward countermeasures for college students’ psychological crisis, so as to provide theoretical and methodological support for college mental health management.
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Susman, Elizabeth J., Editha D. Nottelmann, Gale Inoff-Germain, Lorah D. Dorn, and George P. Chrousos. "Hormonal influences on aspects of psychological development during adolescence." Journal of Adolescent Health Care 8, no. 6 (November 1987): 492–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0197-0070(87)90050-7.
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Maulidi, Ach. "When and why (honest) people commit fraudulent behaviours?" Journal of Financial Crime 27, no. 2 (January 13, 2020): 541–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfc-05-2019-0058.
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Purpose This study aims to provide theoretical and empirical insights concerning how macro-level characteristics influence micro-psychological characteristics, in perpetrating fraudulent behaviours. This is because many fraud studies have mainly been focussed on the solo psychological aspects of the offender, rather than the social environments. This study also makes clear that fraudulent behaviours are different from delinquencies. Design/methodology/approach This research is focussed on the big bureaucratic scandals, occurring in Indonesia. The authors chose Indonesia because it places one of the corrupt countries in The Association of Southeast Asian Nations countries. To achieve the goals, the authors used the ethnographic approach by conducting an exclusive interview with 30 elite executives from the Government of Indonesia. Findings This study finds a deeper understanding of the root causes of fraud committed by individuals and co-offenders, in which micro-psychological, situational, sociological and criminological aspects are linked together. Originality/value This study contains provocative findings that can stimulate a critical understanding of the psychological aetiology of an individual’s intention to perpetrate partial fraud or to co-offend.