Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Fin du XIXe siècle'
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Strauss, André. "Le financement de l'économie française de la fin du XIXe siècle à la fin du XXe siècle." Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010694.
Full textColin, Marie-Hélène. "Les saints lorrains : entre religion et identité régionale : fin XVIe - fin XIXe siècle." Nancy 2, 2006. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/NANCY2/doc372/2006NAN21018.pdf.
Full textThe worship of saints goes well beyond the context of the history of religions but also encompasses elements pertaining to the history of politics, mentalities, representations and language. That of saints from the Lorraine region evolves according to three distinct periods from the 17th till the 19th century. First, a revival by the end of the 16th c. , with the taking place of an appropriate iconography, speech and liturgy. Second, starting from the 17th c. , the saint becomes of strategic interest for the power between bishops and dukes of Lorraine. Third, from the 19th c. , one attends another "revival" with the Restoration period. That revival basically follows two events : the growing up of a regional "romanticism" and the will by the Church of extending its roots within the local environment. All this becomes all the more obvious when the worship of the saints of Lorraine is reinvested in the second half of the 19th c. As a result of the development of the lotharingism. The study of the rites and the holy space shows an assimilation of the saints of Lorraine by the people, which denotes the key place of those. The role of the saints may even exceed the geographical limits of the region (e. G. Jeanne d'Arc), remains regional (saint Nicolas, saint Barbe) or entierely local, as for the majority of the saints
Koślacz-Virol, Elżbieta. "Gabriela Zapolska actrice polonaise de la fin du XIXe siècle." Paris 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA030059.
Full textGabriela Zapolska (1857-1921) is mainly known as an author of dramas. Nowadays as ever, her plays belong to the Polish theatrical repertory and they have been widely translated abroad. These have been the subject of quite reputable works. However, she made her debut as an actress and, for some twenty years (from 1880 to 1900), she performed in more than 200 plays, primarily from Polish and French authors. Its seems that, comparatively, this activity has been rather concealed, perhaps judged second-rate. Yet, her curriculum as an actress should draw larger interest. She notably performed before audiences in Warsaw, Poznan, Cracow, Lvov, and in the provinces of Poland that were then divided under the Russian, Prussian and Austrian rules. Her ambitions, her successes and her setbacks may be understood accordingly to this context ; conversely, they shed some light on this very context, and on the evolutions of the theatrical life of this epoch. Her stay in Paris, from 1889 to 1895, faced her with the changes that were taking place in the literary, pictorial and theatrical fields. As she had experienced being an actress at the Antoine's naturalist theatre and at the Lugné-Poe's symbolist theatre, from 1892 to 1895, Zapolska attempted to translate this experience on the Polish scene, after her return in Poland. .
Grivaud, Gilles. "Pour une histoire des villages désertés à Chypre de la fin du XIIe à la fin du XIXe siècle." Paris, EHESS, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994EHES0035.
Full textFrom the end of the byzantine dominaton until the beginning of the british colonisation, the analysis of written sources shows that at least 500 villages disappeared in cyprus. The reasons to explain those lost villages belong to the usual disasters (plagues, wars, droughts), but the economic trends changeds the patterns of settlement
Perrin, Anne. "Le carnaval d'une fin de siècle : recherche sur les aspects carnavalesques de la littérature de la fin du XIXe siècle." Nancy 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NAN21033.
Full textA heterogeneous period characterized by disconcerting creations, the end of the nineteenth century would find its cultural unity in the concept of carnival. Indeed, carnival appears to offer the very model capable of shedding pertinent new light on the literary trends of this period. Starting with an analysis of the "end-of-century" objects and an assessment of the concept of the carnival esthetic, these two notions develop into a single body, revealing a startling number of similarities between the two. The phenomenon of "decadence", which needs to be defined, possesses a mythical dimension which invites a carnivalesque reading. The spectacular nature of carnival is echoed both in a culture based on spectacle, and in a literary esthetic of representation. On the one hand, the corporal and popular elements found in literature of this period offer a particular vision which deviates from the carnivalesque model. On the other, the carnivalesque logic broadly shapes end-of-century literary stereotypes and an image as demonstrated by the latter’s inversion of values and its hybrid identities. The public condemnation inherent in carnival translates into a form of censure which decries the injustices of the ordo rerum through different literary genres. Finally, the mask, like the joke, constitutes an esthetic mode which is represented significantly at the end of the century, particularly in the shape of literary provocation and mystification, which challenge the traditional expectations of the public. True to the palingenetic model found in carnival, the theme of rebirth, as expressed trough the renunciation of decadence and the emergence of an anarchic spirit, concludes this comparison of literature at the end of the nineteenth century and carnival
Decu, Adriana. "Le symbolisme mineur à la fin du XIXe siècle et au début du XXème siècle." Strasbourg, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011STRA1020.
Full textThe analyzed period, 1880- 1916 (the interval between the year of the first issue of Literatorul and the year when Romania entered World War I) is often ignored, at least when it comes to minor symbolists who, even if they will not succeed to elevate to the standards of symbolist poetry, creating more like Eminescu, nevertheless they will keep with strictness the specific symbolist themes: the floral universe, the Satanism, the autumn, the musical instruments. My attempt is to analyze the beginnings of Romanian symbolism, to reconstruct the poetic outset surrounding Literatorul , including not only the general opinion about this literary current but also the sources of inspiration, the critics’ opinion, the programmatic context of the literary circle, and finally, as a novelty my thesis brings, some studies about minor symbolists who were never the object of a detailed analyze. Without trying to be a direction study our thesis is rather a dossier unexamined for a long time by the literary justice and now by presenting each aspect of their creation may represent a “pleading for reconsideration”
Stavrakis, Katerina. "L'exode rural : naissance d'un imaginaire social à la fin du XIXe siècle." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010634.
Full textPastorello, Thierry. "Sodome à Paris : protohistoire de l'homosexualité masculine fin XVIIIe - milieu XIXe siècle." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00392241.
Full textMasson, Philippe. "L’Erémitisme dans les diocèses champenois et lorrains fin XVIe- courant XIXe siècle." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO20115/document.
Full textHermit leaves the world for meeting God. This fact that accompanied the Church all the long of her history. In Champagne and Lorraine, eremitical life appears especially dynamic at three times : end of 5th century to end of 7th century, end of 10th to 12th century and end of 16th to end of 17th century. This last era is the golden age of the movement. Reasons of revival of eremitical life in the second half of 16th century are manies. Books praise of solitude. The success of spiritual currents (dévotio moderna and spanish spirituality) favorable to solitude is real. Climate factors favour the movement. Wars of Religion, the League lead to the desire to leave a world of violence. The state of regular clergy plays a part too. Send to the pastoral or not yet reformed, it is not satisfactory for peoples who search solitude, all the more that monastic rules are for some peoples a too rigid framework. Finally, some hermits have an aura and arouse vacations.In the 17th and in the beginning of the 18th century, literatur and arts spread a positiv picture of hermit. But it’s mean an old or faraway hermit. The contemporary hermit is criticized. The first is an independent spirit out of place in an order society. So, supervision of hermits in the first decades of the 17th century is made by diocesan congregations at Langres (1623) and Toul (1655 and 1676).The 410 hermitages listed in Lorraine and Champagne at the beginning of the 18th century show the success of eremitical life. But the result is not homogenous in the space. eremitical life is principally present ant active in dioceses of Toul, Metz and Langres. Dioceses of Verdun, Reims and above Châlons and Troyes are clearly less concerned. Here play regional idiosyncrasies : importance of protestantism and jansenism in these dioceses create a spiritual competition unfavorable to eremitical life and the personality of the bishop, when he’s in disfavor about hermits, as Le Tellier at Reims, take a big importance.The study of hermitages in sacred geography shake the myth of hermitage faraway of all. The hermit, often born in lower or middle social classes, has a career sometime complex (widowerhood, poverty). His spirituality is often the same of Christian people but sometime exceptional and he is seeing as a saint.The 1670 decade is the beginning of a time disfavor to hermits. The bishops of Reims then Metz and Verdun forget hermits in their dioceses. The Age of Enlightenment makes fun of hermits in their woods. Nevertheless their quality is proved. Eremitical life declines at the 18th century and miss practically behind the French Revolution. Hermits are expelled and hermitages sold. Some hermits exist at the XIXth century. Often, the hermitage is broken after the death of the last hermit. Only the chapel remains. Eremitical life miss physically but literature and art perpetuate an imaginary hermit
Grall, Julie. "Histoire du badminton en France (fin XIXe siècle – 1979) : pratiques et représentations." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN20017/document.
Full textBadminton is practiced by a small circle of followers, from its introduction in France, until 1979, unlike other modern sports appeared at the same time and become mass cultural phenomena. This work highlights a set of factors limiting the rise of badminton and its manufactures as a sport recognized as such. The game is gradually built with modern sports features, from the birth of the Dieppe club, in 1907 (an institution, a uniform codification, competitions, a classification, search for progress, more and more rational training, trained executives), yet it is hardly perceived as a "real sport". "Girl's game", "beach sport", herited representations from her supposed ancestor, the battledore and shuttlecock, are attached to badminton and persist. Considered a game, it does not attract practitioners seeking a "serious sport". It is however defended as such by its followers and is by the way of practicing that proposes its governing institution. Due to the lack of a large mass of players, practices are not visible enough to change representations. To this vicious circle is added a set of elements that do not allow the activity to be know. Badminton is primarily a distinctive activity, reserved for a social elite. Then, badminton his organized as an alternative sport to tennis, placed under the supervision of the FFLT in 1944, without being able to convince the yellow ball followers. On the international level, the French badminton team is poor. Federal policies, without means, are ineffective and the lack of covered infrastructure does not provide conditions for mass practice. These obstacles are gradually lifted and lead to the renaissance of the French badminton Federation in 1979, but are not enough to change the representations, stronger than not very visible practices
Ebroussard, Cristel. "Les Luttes antimafia en Italie de la fin du XIXe siècle au début du XXIe siècle." Paris 8, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA083165.
Full textIn an Italy inhabited by the secular presence of organized crime, commonly called "mafia", the appearance on the public stage of the expression of popular discontent occurred in the 1980s, appeared as a new phenomenon as it has manifested itself. Witnesses of a massive popular rejection of the mafia unprecedented abuses 1980-1990 have been the theatre of what was spontaneously called by the press and many observers the birth of the Italian civil society, real "alarm popular" thus terminating the law of silence. This period has been radical turning point in the history of Italian antimafia struggles ; unpublished by its magnitude and by its modes of expression, this citizen momentum was all provided by its heterogeneity by unifying capacity comprising the whole of society, in order to defend the general interest. This citizen wave antimafia occurred during that period of Italian history raises many questions to which this work tries to provide answers: why at this precise and not before time? What are the factors which led to the emergence of this popular revolt in public space? What this refusal of the mafia by Italian citizens stop with the struggles of the past? But, who are the protagonists of this massive rejection? What are their modes and their fields of actions, their objectives? And finally, what is the impact of the citizen fight antimafia, if there are, to the next few ten to fifteen years back we face the phenomenon?
Kury, Lorelai Brilhante. "Civiliser la nature : histoire naturelle et voyages (France, fin du XVIIIe siècle - début du XIXe siècle)." Paris, EHESS, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995EHES0085.
Full textStarting with the enlightenment, the histoire naturelle was characterized by the emphasis on the utility of nature. Within this context, botany, zoology and agriculture were seen as crucial disciplines in the development of civilization as well immediately relevant to the happiness of mankind. The search for exotic natural products thus mobilized considerable individual and institutional efforts. The parisian museum d'histoire naturelle played a key role in the studies of nature carried on in france : there, exotic natural products became part of a universal system of knowledge, thanks to their orderly disposition and the acknowledgement of their utility. Often carrying with them detailed instructions, naturalists left their country with the hope of finding extraordinary plants living in privileged countries. Voyages did however constitute a highly heterogenous enterprise, differing in motivation, execution and outcome. The voyage, as perceived by contemporaries, represented the intellectual and physical conquest of the world involving science, utopia, personal gain, public utility and adventure. Back to france, the chimera of the acclimatisation of exotic plants indicated the hope of overcoming the geographical limitations imposed upon living beings, thus submitting nature to civilization
Rémy, Sylvie. "Les socialistes indépendants de la fin du XIXe siècle au début du XXe siècle en France." Limoges, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LIMO0006.
Full textPylia, Martha. "Les notables moréotes, fin du XVIIIe début du XIXe siècle : fonctions et comportements." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010665.
Full textPavé, François. "Le péril jaune à la fin du XIXe siècle, fantasme ou inquiétude légitime ?" Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00654273.
Full textDuplâtre-Debès, Brigitte. "Les peintres espagnols à Paris à la fin du XIXe siècle (1872-1899)." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040140.
Full textBizien, Roland. "Une société urbaine relationnelle à la fin du XIXe siècle, Brest (1889-1915)." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006IEPP0028.
Full textThe design of a town, Brest in this case, and the different places of their private and social lives have a strong impact on the relationships between people. Interpersonal relationships seem to be quite spontaneous. Yet, if we look closer, we can perceive they are dependent on some definite codes. The surge of violence, whether physical or symbolical, is part of them. The enforcement of law and order by the municipal police reveals the quality of the surveillance system on groups and places. Police watch is at its strongest during big social events. Police intervention is based more on prevention than on repression. In this society where scarcity gave way to an increasing purchasing power, esteem and respect are a priceless asset. If the relationships are worsening at times, this doesn’t foretell the disappearance of such qualities as solidarity and generosity. Violent behaviours seem to be only part of the normal relationships between people, at least in most social backgrounds. Can we link this violence simply to vile instincts ? On the contrary, it seems to be caused by life in society (it seems to be fundamentally social), when the impulsive nature of some people, the strategies of some other people and the need to respect some social norms lead to a clash. Some social mechanisms are more easily understood if we take into account the policies of reconciliation, the decisions of the court magistrates, and the community work sentences. They reveal a society that is organised into a strong hierarchy and structured by complex domination relationships. Despite the tensions and the blows given, the people who have been studied seem to be recognized through their social identities and their common cultures
Pastorello, Thierry. "Sodome à Paris : protohistoire de l'homosexualité masculine fin XVIIIe - première partie XIXe siècle." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA070009.
Full textOver a period stretching from the latter part of the eighteenth century to the first half of the nineteenth century, a specific male homosexual identity was developing in cities such as Paris. This period saw a proliferation of writings about and views on sexual practices and same-sex relations between men, and the development of a subculture of sodomites. As the judicial sphere evolved between death sentences and an increasingly repressive attitude on the part of the police, male homosexuality was singled out as asocial behaviour. A new form of medical discourse emerged in order to support the police statements and legal judgments of the time. In order to clamp down on homosexuality, the authorities made widespread use of the charge of 'affront to public decency, and of police raids. Yet homosexual subcultures thrived, and public condemnations of homosexuality had relatively little influence on people's behaviour, as the numerous police records involving urban, working-class young men and older gentlemen demonstrate. Whilst this was a new moment in the social construction of homosexuality, it was profoundly anchored in traditional gender stereotypes
Carette-Drencourt, Fabienne. "Schopenhauer et les grands courants littéraires français de la fin du XIXe siècle." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040030.
Full textSCHOPENHAUER'S PHILOSOPHY, GRANTING A PRIVILIGED PLACE TO ART AND PARTICULARLY TO MUSIC, HAD A TREMENDOUS INFLUENCE OVER THE AESTHETICS OF THE SECOND HALF OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY, AND ESPECIALLY IN FRANCE OVER ITS LITERARY CURRENTS. SCHOPENHAUER, WHO REGARDS ARTISTIC REPRESENTATION NOT AS AN ILLUSIVE IMAGE BUT AS THE ACTUAL CONVEYANCE OF THE BEING IN ITSELF, BESTOWS ON ART A METAPHYSICAL AND REDEEMING OFFICE. VERY DIFFERENT SCHOOLS OF POETS WILL CLAIM THEIR BELONGING TO HIS AESTHETICS, STARTING FROM THE GNOMIC AND PHILOSOPHICAL POETRY OF JEAN LAHOR OR LOUISE ACKERMANN, THEN ON TO THE IMPASSIVITY AND MYSTICISM OF THE BREAUTIFUL OF THE PARNASSIAN SCHOOL, AND FINALLY TO THE UTMOST SUBTELIES OF THE DECADENTS. BUT INDEED SYMBOLISM, SWAYED BY THE THEMES OF SOLIPSISM AND SUBJECTIVE IDEALISM, FAR MORE THAN ANY OTHER SCHOOL AIMS TO PUTTING INTO PRACTICE THE GERMAN PHILOSOPHER'S METAPHYSICS OF MUSIC. AS TO REALISTIC WRITERS, THEY ARE ATTRACTED NOW BY THE PESSIMISTIC AND SUBVERSIVE ASPECTS, NOW BY THE COMFORTING SIDE OF THE DOCTRINE. SCHOPENHAUER DEPRIVES THE CLEAR-HEADED CREATOR OF ANY ILLUSION BUT AT THE SAME TIME ALLOWS HIM REMOTENESS AND SOME SORT OF SALVATION, THROUGH ART OR ASCETISM. ENTICED, MAUPASSANT, ZOLA, HUYSMANS, AMONG OTHERS, HAVE DEDICATED ONE OF THEIR WORKS TO HIM. BUT WE CAN ASCERTAIN THAT IT IS IN THE OUEST OF LOST TIME THAT SCHOPENHAUER'S MARK PROVES THE DEEPEST. IN FACT, FROM JEAN SANTEUIL UP TO RECAPTURED TIME, PROUST EXPRESSES A CONCEPTION OF TIME, ART, AND HUMAN RELATIONSHIPS THAT IS QUITE CONNECTED with THE SCHOPENHAUERIAN SYSTEM. BY DEFINING THE MODERN MAN WITH HIS ANGUISH WHEN ENCOUNTERING A WORTHLESS WORLD, AND AN ELUSIVE REASON IN FACE OF THE ALMIGHTY UNCONSCIOUS, SCHOPENHAUER HAS OVERTHROWN THE FOUNDATIONS OF ANY GENUINE LITERARY CREATION
Guéret, Danielle. "Le décor peint des monastères bouddhiques du Cambodge, fin du XIXe siècle ‒ troisième quart du XXe siècle." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040222.
Full textTemples, or vihāra, of Buddhist monasteries, or watt, always played an essential role in Cambodian society. Places of gathering, prayer and teaching which house the largest statue of the Buddha of the monastery, many of them of have received a decor of paintings on their walls and ceiling, recounting his previous Lives and his historical Life. This heritage is not present in the National Archives of Phnom Penh and has never been the subject of a thorough study, let alone a census. The oldest paintings are not earlier than the end of the 19th century and the most recent do not exceed the mid-1970s, when the Khmer Rouges close all monasteries and begin to destroy their buildings, mainly the vihāra. More than 3000 monasteries have been identified and 1800 sanctuaries were photographed during this research whose result is presented in three volumes : volume I is a study of the paintings into six chapters concerning mainly the vihāra but also some sālā and kūtī; volume II contains the annexes with approximately 1400 photographs, detailed maps and lists of the concerned watt ; volume III is a catalogue of the 206 watt having preserved ancient murals, or paintings on other supports - wood, canvas, glass or metal –, with roughly 500 photographs
Chebili, Saïd. "Les critiques philosophiques de la psychologie à la fin du XIXe siècle et au cours du XXe siècle." Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010583.
Full textVincent, Domey Odette. "Filles et familles en milieu ouvrier : Hull, Québec, à la fin du XIXe siècle." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5242.
Full textAbbani, Dayana. "Musique et Société au temps de la Nahḍa à Beyrouth (fin XIXe siècle-1938)." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL032.
Full textThis dissertation offers a glimpse into early 20th century Beirut’s musical life by unveiling the type of music that prevailed at the time, the famous singers, the places of singing. It follows the ways in which the collapse of the Ottoman Empire and the arrival of the French mandate changed and affected entertainment and leisure in Beirut, by focusing on its evolving musical scene, as it manifested in changing places of consumption, sociality and the distribution of music as a new form of commodity. It does that by studying expert, lay and intellectual debates on music and music criticism in this period, as they emerged in in the press. Moreover, this dissertation looks at how new developments in technologies affected music at the beginning of the 20th century by focusing on how the evolution of the record industry imposed and produced new forms of expressions, of music, and new places of entertainment. A reading of how the social and political transformations in early 20th century Beirut affected and created new forms of entertainment, leisure, musical expressions and commodities allows us to understand the role of music in making a national identity and discourse in the newly established State of Greater Lebanon
Laville, Béatrice. "L'éducation et ses enjeux à la fin du XIXe siècle : La Vérité d'Emile Zola." Paris 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA03A009.
Full textFirst of all this thesis remains the situation of the educative institution under the third republic, by favouring different aspects : the laws, the scolar assiduity the curriculums, the scolar system, and the reproduction of social classes in this systel. Them, it stresses the problems of the french political life during this period, both in its social movements and in its idiological aspirations. In this historical context, the content of the ostentavious recourse to education emerges in its ideological social and political dimension. In a second part, this thesis tries to analyse the progress of one zola's thought about education, from his journalistic writtings, from his personal experiences (hachette books shop) and from the literary production of this period. Finally, this thesis concentrates on the lessons zola extractes from the dreyfus'affair which became the revailing of the republican failures. The third part studies "travail" and "verite" in their sources, their genesis, their educative spirits and their social propsectives. The fourth part stresses the studie of educator's characters : writting constraints, madelling of a hero, characters'systems and distribution of roles. The thesis ends with the underlining of zola's demonstration limits. The discourses of thesis novel, the dilution of the aim in utopia, the recourse to christic myth, emphasize the parallelism kept between the imagery, the republican discourse and the christian faith
Ducrey, Guy. "Poétique de la danse et de la danseuse à la fin du XIXe siècle." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040060.
Full textAt the end of the 19th century, dancing becomes a favourite subject of representation in european literature. Dancers play important, sometimes essential parts in poems, novels and innumberable short stories. For writers, they become a literary stake, and for today's critic, they have an heuristic value. Their art of suggestive silence submits them to free interpretaion, and they summon naturalists, symbolists and decadents to disclose their positions. But in closely considering the texts, those categories, which history of literature has traditionnaly distinguished, appear fluctuating. As studied through the problems of dancing and ballet in literature, they can be put in question : the works of many writers reveal that naturalism, symbolism and decadence may coexist at the end of the century. The intimate coherence of the fin-de-siecle imagination in its relation to dancing thus lies beyond literary movements : in an axious questionnin g of writing and language, whose very conditions of existence are henceforth called in question. As a language without words, as a writing without traces, dancing is, in the melancholic and crepuscular imagination of the fin-de-siecle, the subject of a reflection about the uncertain future of literature
Guiochet, Sylvie. "Images de l'actrice à la fin du XIXe siècle : des Mémoires d'actrices au roman." Paris 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA030123.
Full textThe actress character in painting, photography, press or literature was born from the nineteenth century craze for the theatre. Like the character of nana, the actress is a hazy notion that conveys less reality than a collective imaginary and a representation: the numerous illustrations included will prove this. Two kinds of texts have been used as support: first, those of the "actresses" themselves, memoirs or novels; then,those of more established writers, who recreate the first ones in their own way. From each of them arises a character whose realism essentially rests in its adequacy to the horizon of imaginary, sociological, aesthetic expectations of the years 1880-1900 (which have seen the vogue of an "actress" genre continue with sarah bernhardt as emblematic figure). After a panoramic study of various memoirs, the first part deals with the memoirs and novels of marie colombier. The second part studies the actress in edmond de goncourt's la faustin (1881) and in the goncourt's work which may explain it. The third part attempts to apprehend the evolution of this imaginary and representation in champsaur's dinah samuel (1882 and 1889), in villiers de l'isle adam's eve future (1886) and in rodenbach's bruges la morte (1892). From one text to the other, the actress expresses a physical as well as metaphysical and social evil. The character progressively loses its theatrical specificity and becomes a figure of speech, implying romantic poetics. The last works' symbolism makes the actress a reality to transcend. The novel keeps the questionning power on the "world theatre" of the character, as in p. Louys, proust or claudel's work. Paradoxically, these last images recall those of baudelaire, nerval or hugo, showing beyond the realistic, naturalistic, symbolistic currents, a permanence of the imaginary and poetics
Babilotte, Ingrid. "Le marché de la bicyclette en France de la fin du XIXe siècle à nos jours." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010506.
Full textTissot, Allan. "Une abbaye de renom à l'époque moderne : l'Abbaye aux Dames de Saintes (fin du XVe siècle - début XIXe siècle)." Phd thesis, Université Michel de Montaigne - Bordeaux III, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00909678.
Full textLevy, Christine. "La formation de l'internationalisme prolétarien au Japon entre la fin du XIXe siècle et le début du XXe siècle." Paris 7, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA070015.
Full textAfter an analysis of the birth of the modern Workers' Movement in its historical links with the Movement for democratic rights and freedom in the 1880s, the theses studies the relationship between nationalism and internationalism and their correlation in early days of the Workers' Movement. The internationalism of unionised Workers is expressed by the way they supported the creation of a social-Democratic Party, which was forbidden the day after, but whose activities were taken over by the members of the Socialist Association. Under these circumstances we can explain the existence of an anti-colonialist, anti-imperialist, peaceful and socialist political trend attracted towards the IInd International. This political trend built itself up around the weekly Heimin shinbun which became the paradigm of the Japanese Socialist Movement until after the First World War; and even later it had political and ideological ramifications until the 1930s. The repression of this Movement in 1911 suppressed their main leaders, but didn't eliminate its two trends: one close to the left and extreme-Left wing of the Second International, the other close to American and European Anarchism. The internationalist character of the first Socialist Movement in Japan was remarkable, emphasizing the "globalization" of ideological trends at the end of the XIXth and at the beginning of the XXth century, before the First World War initiated the "nationalization" of the Labour Movements
Combal, Cécile. "Mobilité, adaptation, reconversion : trajectoires croisées de territoires désindustrialisés, basse Romanche, moyenne Maurienne, haute Durance (Fin XIXe siècle - XXIe siècle)." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALH001.
Full textThis PhD dissertation seeks to understand the impact of de-industrialisation in alpine aluminium territories through changes in demographic and land-use on the long-term. More specifically we seek to understand how successive processes of industrialisation/de-industrialisation followed by tourism reconversion, were experienced ; constructed ; implemented ; and what their impacts on local communities were. First we review the key features of industrial development in the Moyenne Maurienne, the Basse romanche and the Haute Durance. We explore the arrival of external actors and the implementation of corporate social policies. Next we lay the framework to understand how the process of de-industrialisation is constructed. To that end we go back and forth between the Maurienne factories (Saint-Jean, la Saussaz, la Praz), the decision-making authorities and the relevant negotiating bodies. This allows us to focus on two case-studies : the closing of l’Argentière in exchange for social and economic benefits, and the closing of Rioupéroux without compensation. Finally, following the end of industrial activity, we seek to analyse the implementation of tourism reconversion policies. In each territory, they appear to be of varying intensity, to operate within different time frames and to differ in content. The dissertation concludes by comparing the lived experiences of the above communities in relation to these processes extending throughout the 20th century and beyond. It seeks to question the relation between these territoires and the trope of modernity. We find that in each case, the communities are compelled to abide by recurrent schemes of outdated development models imposed by the maket, scientific communities and public authorities
Kohler, Catherine. "Emigration et conflit agraire en Ecosse à la fin du XIXe siècle : le projet Lothian." Grenoble 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001GRE39020.
Full textRollet-Grandhomme, Marie-Christine. "L'image de l'enquêteur dans le roman policier français : fin du XIXe-début du XXe siècle." Dijon, 2006. https://nuxeo.u-bourgogne.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/2eea4aa1-f185-4fac-a310-50e7ea494a4b.
Full textThis research proposes an approach to detective novels written from the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century. The founding writers of popular and detective novels such as Emile Gaboriau, Gaston Leroux, Maurice Leblanc, Marcel Allain and Pierre Souvestre will give an understanding of the passage from popular novels towards the detective novels. In the beginning of the 20th century, the cleavage between the two styles is not yet effective. Nevertheless, the interest can be found in the novel is, in part, about the logical application to crime analysis. This aspect comes into view in some Emile Gaboriau’s novels, at the end of the 19th century, or in le Mystère de la chambre jaune. These novels are popular and mystery stories with crimes rather than detective novels in the literal sense. However, the interest comes slowly into a deduction and observation system, which will drive to, in the years 1920-1930, to the pure English detective novel. The study concerns the representation of the investigator and the emulation between two opposite forces: the official authorities and the dilettante. Prime investigators’ exceptional characteristics and aptitudes can be observed, which drive the omniscient inquirer’s symbolic representation into the classical detective novels
Martin, Véronique. "De l'audace ! : la rhétorique argumentative dans le théâtre "engagé" en France à la fin du XIXe siècle." Toulouse 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOU20081.
Full textThe study of commitment amounts to study the reception such as the writer would have dreamed. The argument commences with the elaboration of the "spectataire" a representation of the receiving audience, forged by the writer. The commitment presents a deep historicity - productions from 1900 lay out an "history of rage". The argumentation ad personam allows the appreciation of the effectiveness of the action of the personages. The writer elaborates a strategy, supported by discursive and scenic devices, which demands of the "spectataire" an intense act of reception, from epidictic sentence to comprehension of the weaknesses of his own system of beliefs. Naturalist aesthetics modifies the mental representations of the "spectataire" - reception is a cognitive activity. A work can certainly be committed when it presents the consciousness of the writer of the processes of writing and of reception. But commitment finds its limits in argumentative shamanism, which proclaims the powerlessness of the writer. In the thirties, there arises an alternative. Celebration fulfils the fusion of the group desired by the writer. The cognitive process constitutes alone the fable of the brechtian lehrstück
Kadib, Abdou. "L'époque des quatre premiers califes dans l'historiographie francophone entre la fin du XIXe siècle et le début du XXIe siècle." Thesis, Nantes Université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022NANU2007.
Full textThe era of the first four caliphs is a founding era in the history of Islam. According to Muslim sources, it was during this period that the Caliphian institution was born, that Arabia really submitted to Islam, that Islam left its territories, that the Koran was collected in a Muṣḥaf, that the first divisions within Islam took place. This period has caused much ink to flow among researchers in the East and in the West. We limit ourselves here to studying it in francophone historiography. We aimed in this research to analyze the way in which was written, by francophone researchers, the history of the first caliphs and the way in which these researchers exposed the circumstances in which the religion of Islam was born. We examine the sources on which they base their writing of the first times of Islam, the methods and the sources of the sources of the francophone researchers
Pineau-Defois, Laure. "Les grands négociants nantais du dernier tiers du XVIIIe siècle : capital hérité et esprit d'entreprise (fin XVIIe-début XIXe siècle)." Nantes, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NANT3004.
Full textMoscatiello, Manuela. "Le japonisme de Giuseppe de Nittis, peintre italien en France à la fin du XIXe siècle." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040284.
Full textThe artistic experience of Giuseppe De Nittis (1846-1884), an Italian painter working in Paris from 1868, represents an important art history case for studies devoted to nineteenth-century European interest in Japanese art. Around 1878, ten years after his arrival in Paris, De Nittis was already a publicly recognized artist, integrated in the avant-garde artistic and literary circles. His salon became one of the most famous places of the city. Among his guests, one could find the most passionate amateurs and collectors of Japanese art. The Italian artist assembled a very fine Japanese art collection which included high quality works of art such as a kakemono by Watanabe Seitei (1851-1918), a Japanese artist arrived in Paris in 1878 during the Exposition Universelle. While he was in Paris, Seitei made some demonstrations of Japanese painting witch left a lively memory in all who, like De Nittis, were fortunate enough to observe them. Analysis of the posthumous inventory of the painter’s possessions, of some unpublished notes written by him, and the study of various literary sources, have helped us to reconstitute the Japonisant environment in which he lived. They also allowed us to reconstruct his Oriental collection and all the objects he loved to surround himself with and from which he took frequently his inspiration
Malaure, Julie. "Penser les mécanismes de la création à la fin du XIXe siècle : entre scientisme et onirisme." Paris 8, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA083681.
Full textFollowing the scientific discoveries of the middle of the XIXth century on the evolution, how to think Creation? This rupture in the thought does not announce only the end of a world but the opening towards new interrogations. Those find their incarnation in a character of novel of Flaubert, the anchorite of "The Temptation of Saint Anthony". The Saint incarnates uneasiness and doubts of the end of the XIXth. Because he concentrates at the same time the signs of a temporal crisis and universal myth, the artist will identified with this prototype. By artist, we mean a group of artists gathered here in virtues of intellectual affinities: Victor Hugo [1802-1885], Gustave Moreau [1826-1898], Odilon Redon [1840-1916], August Strindberg [1849-1912] and Alfred Kubin [1877-1959]. These "Recluses of Art" incarnate a stream of thought which finds a theoretical base among two philosophers: Nietzsche and Kierkegaard. This study, multi-field, covers the period of the last decades of XIXth, encroaching few years up the XXth century. What makes it possible to form a group found our reflection: these artists think the genesis like a whole. Meet (reach/join?) there those of cosmos, species, artwork and oneself. Thus, from the observation natural creation’s mechanisms, to their practical application in art, the question is to discover how it works: coincidences, fate, psychological projection? The reflection slips of physics to metaphysics, as the century passes from Darwin to Freud. The thought of mechanisms of creation then gives up gradually a rationalism disputed to discover all the creative potential of subjectivity
Albert, Nicole G. "Saphisme et décadence dans l'art et la littérature en Europe à la fin du XIXe siècle." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040054.
Full textThis dissertation is divided into six chapters. My first chapter is concerned with the mythical figure of Sappho as she was constructed and sexualized through philology and the new translations of her poetry at the end of 19th century. As Sappho is linked to the island on which he lived, my second chapter focuses on Lesbos and other doomed cities, which decadent artists used to elaborate a topography of vice. Sapphism was turned into not only a vice but also a malady. The pathologisation of the lesbian was then delineated through the medium of artistic expression or through the clinical categorization of sexual deviance, both explored in chapter three. Unsurprisingly, sapphism was also involved in the emerging third sex, which i deal with in chapter four, which covers transvestism and transsexualism. From this perspective, the lesbian, who not only looks and dresses like a man but also encroaches upon the male sexual role, can be seen as the epitome of the decadent androgyny. As she becomes the locus of fears of degeneration and worldwide sterility, the “damned woman”, as she is outlined in my fifth chapter, is punished for her sexual subversion to which satanic motives are attached. Therefore, in claiming virginity and sterility as the icons of her sexual freedom and independence from men, she not only challenges nature but decadence itself. Nevertheless, the lesbian was eventually poeticized by fin de siècle artists. Indeed my last chapter shows how the narcissistic Sapphic figure was linked to a poetic of the double that simultaneously enables and questions the voyeuristic attitude of the male artist towards her. But the lesbian also symbolizes an artificial quest for a beauty outside of nature that mimics the aesthetic and stylistic researches of decadence. Utilizing a wide variety of artistic and literary works as well as medical reports, this dissertation thus tries to demonstrate the recurrence of a character and a motif that shaped the decadent era
Izbicki, Jean-Louis. "Représentation de la lumière électrique dans les peintures de la fin du XIXe siècle à 1937." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30002.
Full textTo justify his point of view in a scientific controversy, Volta made a device, later called "Volta pile" or "Volta battery", which was the first generator that made it possible to obtain a permanent current. After his travels in Europe to show his discovery, along with its publication in a scientific journal, the first applications followed immediately, thanks in particular to Davy. The "electric light" appeared and its development has continued ever since. The electric arc, the Jablochkoff candle, light bulbs, neon tubes. - these are the various technologies implemented in the 1840s - 1910. The most surprising, no doubt, is the fact that during all those years it was not possible to specify exactly what the notion of current covered. In what way can the knowledge of electricity, and therefore of electric light, be relevant and enriching for the eye, the pleasure, and the analysis of paintings related to the new artificial light that appeared at the very beginning of the 19th century? This work is based on the following assumption: a scientist's perspective can contribute to the understanding of a painting. The knowledge of the scientific facts, their observations or their conceptualizations, their hesitations, their inaccuracies accompanying the birth and the development of the electric light seem necessary to help establish a complete analysis of the works. In what places and at what times did this new light manifest itself? How was it received in the intellectual sphere or in the press? What evolutions did the electric light cause and how were they represented? From the mid- to late nineteenth century, what evolution in electric light technologies occurred? What, then, were the new subjects dealt with by painters? The analysis, under electric light, of one part of the history of art has revealed : frontal views of electric lights in paintings by Sonia Terk Delaunay, Goncharova and Balla; saturated illuminations in the works of Sluijters and Rockwell ; beams structuring the night space, from Nevinson to Vallotton; political action under Devambez's electric light in Deïneka and Steinlen's work; night landscapes of cities from Hassam to Ury; expressive approaches of the city from Kirchner to Masereel; interiors under electric lighting by Vuillard and Hopper. Even painters that we do not spontaneously associate with electricity and electric light such as Gérôme, Monet, Manet, and Picasso have also made a contribution to the artistic representations of electric light. This highly disparate collection of painters of all nationalities reflects the varied appropriations of the appearance, presence and development of electric light in society
Agostini, Aldo D'. "Phénoménologie du discours sur le panislamisme dans les sources françaises à la fin du XIXe siècle." Aix-Marseille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX10046.
Full textRavonjiarisoa, Alice Marie Linah. "Les dictionnaires bilingues malgaches dès origines jusqu’à la fin du XIXe siècle : étude historique et métalexicographique." Thesis, Paris, INALCO, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021INAL0005.
Full textThe history of the Malagasy lexicography begins in 1603, with the publication of the plurilingual dictionary of Frederick de Houtman, a merchant navigator. It continued until the 21st century when in 2019, a bilingual and bidirectional school dictionary for Malagasy school and college students was published. Studies on the history of Malagasy dictionaries are rather recent [J. Dez (1958, 1979, 1991) ; F. Raison Jourde (1977) ; N. Rajaonarimanana (2000)]. As an extension of these works, this thesis deals with the cultural and intellectual history of the first lexicographical repertoires (1603-1773) and the bilingual-printed or manuscript dictionaries produced throughout the 19th century (1816-1896) which are not very well-known and little studied. The thesis is divided into three parts. The first focalises on historical witnesses of the Malagasy language with the analysis of the founding works of Houtman (1603), Flacourt (1658), Drury (1729), Challan (1773)and Froberville (1816). The second part deals with the birth of modern Malagasy lexicography (1818-1835) and historical and metalexicographical analyses of the first bidirectional dictionary of Johns and Freeman (1835). The final part focuses on the typology and the formal study (macrostructure and microstructure) of the 19th century dictionaries. This study aims at placing each lexicographical work in the context of its production from a historical, cultural and linguistic point of view
Raquillet, Pauline. "Alfred Ébelot ou le parcours migratoire d'un français dans l'Argentine de la fin du XIXe siècle." Paris 7, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA070048.
Full textAlfred Ebelot (1837-1912) immigrated to Argentina in 1870. Graduated as a civil ingineer, he finally worked at the Revue des Deux Mondes before leaving Paris for Buenos-Aires. In Argentina, he worked with the scientific community before meeting political members of french community. In 1875, Alsina then Roca asked him to join the army as a military ingineer to "conquest the desert". From 1880, he became a political journalist for various Argentin and French periodics, meeting all the argentin political actors. Because he criticized me Roca and after the Juarez Celman politic, he had to leave Buenos-Aires for San Pedro. In 1896, he came back to Paris but, disappointed by his professional situation, he retumed to Argentina in 1908. At last, he chose to corne back definitely to France and died in Toulouse
Mezeix, Capucine. "La fabrique de l'enseignement technique : trois écoles professionnelles en France à la fin du XIXe siècle." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENH022/document.
Full textThis thesis sets out to account for the construction and the development of technical training in France, at an intermediary level of schooling, between 1880 and 1919, through the study of three technical schools during this period: the Ecole Nationale Professionnelle of Voiron, the Ecole Nationale d'Horlogerie of Cluses and the Ecole Vaucanson of Grenoble. A methodology combining histoire totale, monographic analysis and sociology of curriculum guides this study. The methodology of histoire totale shows how the technical, economic, industrial, political, geopolitical and educative contexts feed into the construction of technical training and the debates regarding its construction This type of education arises in a period of democratization of education in a context of technical progress and industrialization of France and reflects these changes. The monographic and comparative analysis of the three schools shows the steps of the creation of these schools. It highlights the experimenting, the transformations and the evolutions of the schools as they are integrated in the local and national educational landscape, the construction of the educational offer, the definition of admission requirements, the establishment of diplomas, the construction of job opportunities and the development of partnerships with the local firms and territory. The analysis of the curricula of the three schools focuses on the nature of the education and its evolution in order to characterize the underlying educational models. The numerous forces at stake drew the outline of reflections, mostly around the distribution between general, scientific and technical education, and guided the creation of the curricula. The study focuses on the educational goals of the schools and the pedagogical organization including the selection, the differentiation in sections, the discipline and the evaluation of students. The analysis of the programs through subjects' schedules shows the different choices of schools, from vocational training for laborers to elite training designed for skilled workers and even engineers. We propose the notion of fabrique (the making), to account for the construction of technical training during this period. This notion underlines the multiplicity of factors contained in the construction of technical training institutions and the negotiations associated with the long, experimental and unpredefined dimension of such a process. It also highlights that it is destined to reproduce and spread its products: institutions, technical education and trained students. We characterize the concept of fabrique and propose a generic definition which could be used as a model to study other technical institutions, in other countries or other periods. Our analysis of three technical schools at the turn of the XXth century shows that for a time these intermediary technical schools provided a high level education, based on technical progress and enlightened by the advance of science. They also bore a true individual and collective ambition for their students. These prototypical institutions, that can be qualified as elite institutions, will nevertheless not be developed afterwards. The possibilities which arose during this period of changes are brought to an end with the war. In spreading technical training schools to the whole French territory, the choice of decision-makers will then be to favor less ambitious institutions
Bausardo, Thomas. "Les coopérations internationales de la France dans la lutte contre le terrorisme (fin XIXe siècle – 1989)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040120.
Full textAt the end of the nineteenth century, in response to the rise of a modern internationalized terrorism, European states, and chiefly among them France, draft a first grammar of international cooperation against terrorism, a multilateral political cooperation, a secret police cooperation and a judicial cooperation of which extradition is the cornerstone. The history of France’s international cooperation against terrorism from this point on to the end of the 1980s shall thusly be written with regards to its political, policing, intelligence and judicial implications and take into account not only the evolving nature of the understanding of the phenomenon by and within the state, but the evolution of terrorism itself and that of international relations, of which international cooperation against terrorism is an integral part. Following the era of anarchist terrorism, during the interwar years, the rise of nationalist terrorism in the Balkans provide France with a new outlook and the phenomenon becomes, for the first time, an issue on the agenda of an international organization, the League of Nations. After WWII, France faces anew the challenges of international cooperation during the Algerian War, and, from the end of the 1960s on, takes part in a differential process of Europeanization of international cooperation against terrorism. In its geographical and institutional incarnations, and due to the persistence of both domestic and international terrorism, Europe thus becomes the core of France’s international efforts against terrorism
Bausardo, Thomas. "Les coopérations internationales de la France dans la lutte contre le terrorisme (fin XIXe siècle – 1989)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040120.
Full textAt the end of the nineteenth century, in response to the rise of a modern internationalized terrorism, European states, and chiefly among them France, draft a first grammar of international cooperation against terrorism, a multilateral political cooperation, a secret police cooperation and a judicial cooperation of which extradition is the cornerstone. The history of France’s international cooperation against terrorism from this point on to the end of the 1980s shall thusly be written with regards to its political, policing, intelligence and judicial implications and take into account not only the evolving nature of the understanding of the phenomenon by and within the state, but the evolution of terrorism itself and that of international relations, of which international cooperation against terrorism is an integral part. Following the era of anarchist terrorism, during the interwar years, the rise of nationalist terrorism in the Balkans provide France with a new outlook and the phenomenon becomes, for the first time, an issue on the agenda of an international organization, the League of Nations. After WWII, France faces anew the challenges of international cooperation during the Algerian War, and, from the end of the 1960s on, takes part in a differential process of Europeanization of international cooperation against terrorism. In its geographical and institutional incarnations, and due to the persistence of both domestic and international terrorism, Europe thus becomes the core of France’s international efforts against terrorism
Pricop, Lucian. "L'identité de la littérature roumaine: écrivains, éditeurs et lecteurs à la fin du XIXe siècle et au début du XXe siècle." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209502.
Full textLes lectures croisées de documents (plans éditoriaux, correspondance, presse, journaux intimes et professionnels, etc.) et de sources secondaires (histoires littéraires, travaux de critique, manuels, etc.) nous ont permis de suivre l’évolution des intentions, des objectifs, des réalités et des conséquences sur ce qu’on considère l’histoire officielle de la littérature. Les différences entre les étapes démontrent, d’une manière assez exacte, les degrés de pouvoir des forces impliquées dans la production du canon littéraire ;elles illustrent aussi l’emprise croissante de l’idéologie sur le champ culturel à partir de la fin du XIXe siècle. L’analyse diachronique des parutions éditoriales à travers les 34 années étudiées reflète les changements des politiques culturelles de l’Etat. L’analyse appliquée à la politique éducationnelle de la discipline littérature roumaine nous a permis d’envisager une modification de la stratégie de l’Etat dans ce domaine et de questionner ses effets sur la création du patrimoine national.
Le littéraire, acteur central de notre recherche, nous a donné la possibilité d’instrumentaliser plusieurs notions appartenant à l’histoire du livre et de l’édition. De cette manière, les tensions présentes à l’intérieur de l’analyse historique de la littérature ont été transformées en sujet de réflexion, voire de rétablissement de certaines positions de domination. Le concept d’identité bibliographique est convoqué pour réaliser une lecture diachronique d’une époque. Nous avons identifié et analysé toute une série de problématiques passionnantes, telles les relations entre les instances impliquées dans la production, la circulation et la réception des livres littéraires durant la période 1880-1914.
The PhD thesis entitled The Romanian Literary Identity. Writers, Publishers and Readers in the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries examines a communication phenomenon, constituting a scientific enterprise that aims to clarify some aspects relating to the modernization of Romanian society during the Belle Époque: we have in mind the transformation of the “publishing house” from a business dealing with handmade items into a “proto-industrial culture” and the creation of a public sphere in a world constantly seeking to define itself. The relationship between the increasing number of cultural goods produced by publishers and the growing interest in reading among the people represents a main focus of this research. In other words, we tried to assess the social function of Romanian literature and the role of books on the market for cultural and informational products. By choosing a fairly long period of time (1880-1914), we were able to confront the data pertaining to literary production in a diachronic manner, analyzing the economic and political strategies of the “actors”, as well as the conflicts arising from the power relations between those actors. The analysis of the circumstances surrounding the transformations undergone by the Romanian cultural area enabled us to determine more clearly the social roles of the participants, the interactions and confrontations between actors and audiences. We could identify a crisis of the original Romanian literature, a crisis that fostered the “internationalization” of the literary production. The competition between cultural goods “imported” from the West in the form of translations or adaptations was one of the factors enhancing local literary production.
The cross-reading of documents (editorial plans, correspondence, press, personal and professional diaries etc.) allowed us to evaluate the evolution of the intentions, goals, realities and consequences of the official history of Romanian literature (which has its origins in this period). The differences between these stages revealed the power statuses of the forces involved in producing the literary canon; they also showed the growing influence of ideology on the cultural field since the end of the nineteenth century. The diachronic analysis of the titles published in the 34 years under scrutiny reflects the changes ocurring in the cultural policies of the state. The educational strategies concerning Romanian literature as a field of study revealed the state’s attitude change towards this area, which enabled us to assess the effects on the development of the “national literary heritage”.
The literary field, the central actor of our research, opened the possibility to operationalize several concepts pertaining to the history of book publishing. Thus, the tensions existing within the historical analysis of literature were transformed into a subject of reflection, even re-establishing some positions of dominance. The notion of bibliographical identity was employed in order to do a diachronic reading of the era.
The research conducted for this dissertation gave us the opportunity to identify and analyze a range of exciting issues, such as the relationship between the participants involved in the production, dissemination and reception of literary works between 1880 and 1914.
Doctorat en Langues et lettres
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Brunelle, Patrick. "Un cas de colonialisme canadien : les Hurons de Lorette entre la fin du XIXe siècle et le début du XXe siècle." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq33589.pdf.
Full textFigeac-Monthus, Marguerite. "Les Lur Saluces d'Yquem de la fin du XVIIIe siècle au milieu du XIXe siècle : identité nobiliaire, tradition viticole, continuité familiale." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040029.
Full textAtine, Hugues. "Présence de la communauté arabe dans la Caraïbe francophone et anglophone, (Martinique et Trinidad) fin XIXe-début XXe siècle." Antilles-Guyane, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AGUY0426.
Full textThis research aims to appraise and analyse the « rank » help by a minority community (the « syrian » community) within a francophone society of the Carribean (the martinican society) and within an other Anglophone society of the same Caribbean: the Trinidadian society. The approach is therefore steadfastly comparative; the process of confrontation and integration will be scrutinized, the idea of cultural mosaic will be addressed, and particularly the dinamyc notion of créolisation, at work in that region of the world. The groundwork of this study is thus the process of creolisation (to be differentiated from syncrétism and miscegenation, as well). When we say “nakedness” or naked body in this work, we gave it the value of a sign in the semiotic sense (i. E, what can be decoded, interpreted both from its sociological and psychological background). The complex reality expressed by the naked body historical. That is to say it is a representation enacted in a post-slavery society. The naked body is therefore a projection of the imaginary (mind power), as well as the cloth that will become its other language, an other modality of its representation. It is in fact a code slave and master have in common; a code the “Syrian” will decipher and use. This research of the Syrian communities of Martinique and Trinidad is of great interest for the Caribbean, because like all the creole societies of the Americas bred through the painful experience of slavery, Trinidad (Martinique, likenise) is a melting-pot of cultures in wich numerous ethnic groups amalgamated throughout history to shope a common creole people
Weider-Navascues, Ruth. "La quête du blanc : le marché des produits lessiviels en France de la fin du XIXe siècle à nos jours." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010586.
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