Academic literature on the topic 'Filtration timing'
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Journal articles on the topic "Filtration timing"
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Matheis, G., M. Scholz, A. Simon, D. Henrich, G. Wimmer-Greinecker, and A. Moritz. "Timing of leukocyte filtration during cardiopulmonary bypass." Perfusion 16, no. 1_suppl (January 2001): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026765910101600i105.
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de Vries, AJ, YJ Gu, and W. van Oeveren. "TIMING OF LEUKOCYTE FILTRATION DURING CARDIAC SURGERY." Anesthesia & Analgesia 88, Supplement (April 1999): 15SCA. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000539-199904001-00015.
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Berlot, Giorgio, Stefano Falini, Virginia Negro, Antoinette Agbedjro, Ariella Tomasini, Fulvio Iscra, Francesco Bianco, Ugo Gerini, and Giuliano Boscutti. "Influence of Timing of Initiation and Volume of Processed Plasma on the Outcome of Septic Shock Patients Treated with Coupled Plasma Filtration and Adsorption." Blood Purification 46, no. 4 (2018): 274–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000490611.
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Background: The extracorporeal removal of mediators is a rescue strategy for septic shock patients, which is still under investigation. Several techniques are available: coupled plasma filtration and adsorption (CPFA) combines plasma processing with renal replacement therapy. Methods: The study aimed to elucidate the role of both timing of initiation and intensity of treatment on the outcome, for which we retrospectively studied 52 patients. We collected the overall pre-CPFA time interval, starting from the first episode of hypotension in the wards and the volume of processed plasma (Vp), which we used as a proxy for intensity of treatment. Results: Timing of initiation did not significantly differ between survivors and non-survivors (25 vs. 27 h), while the Vp did (0.25 vs. 0.17 L/kg/session, p < 0.05). The significance of Vp was confirmed by a multiple logistic regression model. Conclusion: Our study confirms that intensity of CPFA, but not its timing of initiation, correlates with survival of septic shock patients.
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Chiu, J. M. Y., H. Wang, V. Thiyagarajan, and P. Y. Qian. "Differential timing of larval starvation effects on filtration rate and growth in juvenile Crepidula onyx." Marine Biology 154, no. 1 (February 2, 2008): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00227-007-0902-y.
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Ferrer, F., J. Rivera, J. Corral, R. Gonzalez-Conejero, M. L. Lozano, and V. Vicente. "Evaluation of pooled platelet concentrates using prestorage versus poststorage WBC reduction: impact of filtration timing." Transfusion 40, no. 7 (July 2000): 781–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1537-2995.2000.40070781.x.
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Rauf, Syarifuddin, and Husein Akbar. "A simple estimation of glomerular filtration rate in children." Paediatrica Indonesiana 42, no. 5 (October 30, 2002): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/pi42.5.2002.193-6.
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Background The estimation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is routinely used in the assessment of renal function in children. An accurate measurement of GFR is very helpful in detecting renal disease.Objective The aim of this study was to compare GFR calculated by Schwartz's formula and that assessed by creatinine clearance measurement.Methods A study to evaluate GFR calculated by the Schwartz's fonnula and by the conventional creatinine clearance method was done on 114 (57%) boys and 86 (43%) girls aged 6-13 years hospitalized in the Department of Child Health, Hasanuddin University, Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar in 1996.Results This study showed that there was no significant difference between the value of GFR determined by the conventional creatinine clearance method and that calculated by the Schwartz's fonnula according to age and sex. Our findings also did not show any difference of GFR assessed by both methods according to nutritional status of children. In regard to the accuracy of Schwartz's fonnula, the sensitivity, specificity, positive, and negative predictive values were 87.5%, 98.86%, 9 1.3%, and 98.3%, respectively.Conclusion It seems that Schwartz's fonnula might be used for assessing GFR in children particularly if either there is no facility for measuring creatininuria or there is difficulty in collecting complete and accurate-timing urine samples. The formula is a very simple and inexpensive method for determining GFR in children compared to the conventional creatinine clearance method.
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de Vries, Adrianus J., Y. John Gu, Wendy J. Post, Paulien Vos, Ietse Stokroos, Harm Lip, and Willem van Oeveren. "Leucocyte depletion during cardiac surgery: a comparison of different filtration strategies." Perfusion 18, no. 1 (January 2003): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0267659103pf643oa.
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The results of leucocyte filtration during cardiac surgery are conflicting. This may be due to timing and duration of the filtration procedure, and to flow and pressure conditions in the filter. Therefore, we prospectively compared three major leucocyte filtration strategies in cardiac surgical patients. Forty patients were randomly divided into four groups. Group I: leucofiltration of arterial blood throughout cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) (associated with high-flow and pressure gradients), Group II: leucofiltration of a part of the venous return blood in the re-warming phase during CPB (associated with intermediate flow, but high pressure), Group III: leucofiltration of residual heart-lung machine blood during transfusion into the patient after CPB (associated with low flow and low pressure), Group IV: control group without leucofiltration. We measured circulating leucocyte counts, plasma elastase levels and arterial blood oxygenation. Filters were postoperatively examined using scanning electronmicroscopy (SEM). Leucocyte counts increased over time and oxygenation decreased in all groups, without significant differences between the groups. SEM demonstrated extensive protein deposits and damaged leucocytes in the deeper layers of the filters from Group I. This was not observed in the filters from Group III. The postoperative plasma elastase levels increased in Groups II and IV and decreased in Groups I and III. In conclusion, we could not demonstrate a clinical difference among the three leucocyte depletion strategies. However, our laboratory results suggest that leucocyte filtration at low flow and pressure conditions is associated with less leucocyte damage and less release of elastase.
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Grams, Morgan E., Yingying Sang, Shoshana H. Ballew, Juan Jesus Carrero, Ognjenka Djurdjev, Hiddo J. L. Heerspink, Kevin Ho, et al. "Predicting timing of clinical outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease and severely decreased glomerular filtration rate." Kidney International 93, no. 6 (June 2018): 1442–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.kint.2018.01.009.
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van der Meer, Pieter F., Ruby N. I. Pietersz, and Hendrik W. Reesink. "Influence of temperature, filter wettability, and timing of filtration on the removal of WBCs from RBC concentrates." Transfusion 41, no. 4 (April 2001): 540–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1537-2995.2001.41040540.x.
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McDermott, Eoghan, and Roseline Agyekum. "Supporting the transition from pre-dialysis to end-stage renal failure." Journal of Kidney Care 5, no. 5 (September 2, 2020): 206–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/jokc.2020.5.5.206.
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Renal replacement therapy (RRT) is a life-saving therapy for those with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 5 or end-stage renal failure (ESRF)—defined as an estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate of less than 15 ml/min/1.73 m2. RRT has a profound impact on quality of life (QoL), dependent on the preparation for and timing of therapy initiation; the mode of RRT selected; and the individual's age, health, and priorities. This article explores the transition to RRT, directed by the research question, ‘How does the evidence base inform clinical decision-making when supporting CKD patients’ transition from pre-dialysis to management of ESRF?'. The discussion of these critical decisions, including timing, modality and potential of dialysis to benefit the individual, is framed by their effect on QoL as dialysis is established. There are many other aspects concerning the transition to RRT, which are not discussed, but the reader is signposted to additional information sources.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Filtration timing"
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Breschi, Carlotta, Bruno Zanoni, and Valentina Canuti. "Turbidity of extra virgin olive oil: characterization and its effect on product quality during processing and distribution." Doctoral thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1238406.
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The literature study on veiled extra virgin olive oils (VEVOO), and on the role of turbidity on olive oil quality, showed that the results obtained by different researchers were contradictory. Some authors have demonstrated that VEVOO were more stabile during storage than filtered extra virgin olive oils (FEVOO); on the contrary, other authors have demonstrated the opposite effect. The non-unanimity of results, and the increasing interest in consumer and producers for VEVOO, has led to a step-by-step study on extra virgin olive oil turbidity and its role on quality during processing and distribution.
The general scope of the thesis can be split into four specific aims, which have driven four works carried out, and published, during the PhD:
1) In literature, there are no works that speak about different turbidities. Olive oil studies always report a comparison between FEVOO and VEVOO, considering turbidity as a dichotomous variable. Therefore, the first aim of PhD was to find what characterize olive oil turbidity the most and if all VEVOO are the same.
2) After a first characterization of a wide spectrum of turbidities, which have different water content and microbial contamination, a targeted study on the role of water and microorganism was carried out. The aim of this work was to understand what effects are strictly connected with water content, what effects depends on microbial contamination, and what effects are due to the joint present of water and microorganisms.
3) Since the development of “fusty” sensory defect, and the hydrolysis of phenolic compounds are phenomena always present in analyzed VEVOO, the third aim of the PhD thesis was to define how fast these degradative phenomena are, in order to indicate a filtration scheduling.
4) The last aim of this PhD thesis was to do a focused work on the effects of different “turbidities”, in term of water and insoluble solids content, and microbial contamination, both together and separately, on VEVOO quality during a longer storage.
Book chapters on the topic "Filtration timing"
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Hom, Andrew R. "Telling Time." In International Relations and the Problem of Time, 82–108. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198850014.003.0004.
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Having defended a basic theory of timing, chapter three develops a framework more closely fitted to IR. Drawing from narratology, it formulates an account of narrative timing, which shows how we configure and re-configure narratives to place confounding experiences in a meaningful, serial whole. After emphasizing narrative elements common to all IR scholarship, this chapter shows how narrative emplotment unfolds a temporal world using four distinct timing techniques: the synoptic theme, which acts as the timing standard; creative filtration, which determines what processes matter; cleaving experience, which establishes the story’s durative presence; and concordant discordance, which reinterprets unintelligible and overwhelming experiences as key plot drivers. It then illustrates these narrative timing operations in familiar IR explanatory forms. Finally, the chapter discusses how narrative timing further elaborates the problem of Time and why some narrative temporalities become reified, passive timing meters, which aesthetically resolve that problem while blinding us to its future return. Chapter three closes by highlighting key conclusions from Part One and their implications for IR.
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Dass, Bhagwan, William Hahn, and Rajesh Mohandas. "Evaluation and Management of Acute Kidney Injury." In Kidney Protection, edited by Vijay Lapsia, Bernard G. Jaar, and A. Ahsan Ejaz, 113–24. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190611620.003.0011.
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Acute kidney injury (AKI) is defined as a sudden or abrupt decrease in glomerular filtration rate. Preventing AKI requires an understanding of the pathophysiology of AKI and accurately identifying those at risk to enable close monitoring of high-risk patients, timely institution of preventative therapy, and early diagnosis and treatment to prevent complications. The risk of AKI depends on the extent and nature of injury as well as unique patient susceptibility factors. While promising, the utility of biomarkers to improve resource utilization or clinical outcomes remains to be proven. Preventive measures for AKI, including optimization of volume status and avoiding nephrotoxins, are recommended for all patients. The routine use of dopamine, natriuretic peptides, statins, or growth factors is not recommended. There is no role for prophylactic dialysis, and the optimal timing for initiation of renal replacement therapy remains controversial.
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Shrivastava, Anurag, and Kuldev Singh. "Noncorneal Complications." In Complications of Glaucoma Surgery. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195382365.003.0043.
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Most glaucoma specialists advocate the use of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and mitomycin-C (MMC) in various concentrations during the intraoperative and postoperative periods to help inhibit postoperative scarring, the primary cause of filtration surgery failure. Although the increased use of antifibrotic agents as adjunctive therapy to guarded filtration surgery has improved the likelihood of operative success, there are many additional complications associated with this class of medications. It is the nature of filtration surgery as it is performed today that successful drainage of aqueous comes with a price. Any adjunct that improves the intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering success of surgery must be assessed in light of this increased risk. A leaking bleb is one of the most common complications seen after trabeculectomy and may occur at any point postoperatively. This complication has been reported with an incidence ranging between 17% and 42% according to one review. More recent estimates have been somewhat lower, at between 8% and 14.6%. The longer the postoperative follow-up, the greater the cumulative likelihood of bleb leakage. It is imperative that the bleb be checked periodically for leaks, primarily through examination and standard Seidel testing. Use of antifibrotic therapy is associated with increased formation of thin-walled cystic blebs, which are more likely to result in both short-term and long-term complications. The timing of a bleb leak will dictate management. Many early postoperative bleb leaks resolve without intervention but can significantly decrease the likelihood of trabeculectomy success. Early postoperative bleb leaks are often attributed to surgical technique and can generally be avoided by use of appropriate blunt instruments and careful attention to surgical detail. The simple use of nontoothed forceps when handling the conjunctiva can prevent small buttonhole conjunctival tears, which often result in early postoperative bleb leaks. However, even with careful manipulation, friable conjunctival tissue can be prone to small tears. While some have advocated the use of light cautery, or even tissue adhesives to close bleb leaks, the use of such techniques has diminished in the antifibrotic era. Intraoperative suturing of buttonholes is definitive.
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Dye, Christopher. "History of a hypothesis." In The Great Health Dilemma, 1–28. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198853824.003.0001.
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The main ideas about preventing illness run through the whole of human history even if, in every age and in every place, they find new interpretation. Spanning 5,000 years, this chapter reveals prevention’s common themes, including the following: illnesses have preventable causes (Neolithic filtration and boiling of water); the choice of prevention over cure is conditional on the balance of costs and benefits, where the benefits depend on the risk, timing and severity of the hazard (shipping insurance, from 4000 BC); prevention is about improving health, not merely avoiding illness (Ancient Greece); prevention is for communal as well as personal health (Roman aqueducts and communal toilets); prevention is at a premium in the absence of a cure (fourteenth-century plague); the costs and benefits of prevention can be calculated and used to make choices about health (Franklin on fire insurance, Chadwick on sanitation); and the immediate, preventable causes of illness (diet, tobacco) depend, in turn, on deeper causes, in societies, economies and environments (Hippocrates to the Sustainable Development Goals).
Conference papers on the topic "Filtration timing"
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Blizard, Norman C. "Future Diesel Fuel Requirements and Fuel Quality Impacts on Tier 2-4 High Horsepower Offroad Engines With Common Rail Fuel Systems." In ASME 2014 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2014-5426.
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Off highway Tier 2-4 emissions requirements for high speed, high horsepower diesel engines (>750 h.p.) have driven substantial engine, after-treatment and fuel system design improvements. Modern high pressure common rail (HPCR) fuel systems are being applied by engine manufacturers through use of increased injection pressure, precision injection timing, and multiple injection events to achieve emissions targets. In the field, careful attention to diesel fuel quality is now required by the end user to avoid problems with performance, reliability and durability of the fuel systems and after-treatment. Ultra-fine filtration and complete water separation are essential to maintain the fuel clean and dry. Internal Diesel Injector Deposit (IDID) formation due to degradation of the fuel and unintended consequences of additives must also be avoided. This is a voice of a fuel consumer and fuel system integrator to fuel suppliers and end customers on challenges encountered and countermeasures developed to achieve better fuel filtration, water separation, fuel cleanliness practices and end user education.
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Fritz, Steven G., John C. Hedrick, and Tom Weidemann. "Development of a Low Emissions Upgrade Kit for EMD GP20D and GP15D Locomotives." In ASME 2012 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2012-92128.
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This paper describes the development of a low emissions upgrade kit for EMD GP20D and GP15D locomotives. These locomotives were originally manufactured in 2001, and met EPA Tier 1 locomotive emission regulations. The 1,491 kW (2,000 HP) EMD GP20D locomotives are powered by Caterpillar 3516B engines, and the 1,119 kW (1,500 HP) EMD GP15D locomotives are powered by Caterpillar 3512B engines. CIT Rail owns a fleet of 50 of these locomotives that are approaching their mid-life before first overhaul. Baseline exhaust emissions testing was followed by a low emissions retrofit development focusing on fuel injection timing, crankcase ventilation filtration, and application of a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC), and then later a diesel particulate filter (DPF). The result was a EPA Tier 0+ certification of the low emissions upgrade kit, with emission levels below EPA Line-Haul Tier 3 NOx, and Tier 4 HC, CO, and PM levels.
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Saaibon, Mohamed Sopiee, Zainab Kayat, and Fatimah A Karim. "Management of Mercury Offshore for Onshore Production Facilities." In Offshore Technology Conference Asia. OTC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/31465-ms.
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Abstract The objective of this paper is to provide an approach in mitigating the adverse effects of mercury found in production fields which include the evaluation on the requirement for mercury treatment facility and suitable technology and best location for the production fields and onshore LNG facilities. The evaluation included assessment of pipeline integrity and managing unexpected increase in mercury content to ensure Mercury Removal Unit (MRU) is capable to treat the gas within the design specification The method includes mercury mapping and analysis of the results. Evaluation of technology and type at various streams in gas, condensate and water streams. There is no method to predict mercury production forecast and sizing cannot be based on one exploration well data only. Subsurface data might not be representative due to improper procedure, sampling, preservation and timing. Rigorous technology evaluation was evaluated for various mercury species covering its vulnerability to operations abnormalities such as entrainment of moisture, spikes of mercury content, changes to feed gas, hydrogen sulfide content, historical experience of mercury contamination and its impact to operations and performance of cryogenic systems and chemical injection for pipelines. Review of effectiveness of mercury removal technology for gas stream cover metal sulfide based adsorbent and metal oxide based with H2S in-situ sulfiding. In view that there is no proven technology for condensates stream, particulates mercury removal using filtration and hydrocyclones of the multiphase condensate /water and water streams were considered Mercury has exceeded downstream design specification and pose threats to existing LNG facilities aluminum cryogenic heat exchanger. Speciation, particle size distribution and the use of a practical size test rig on site, adsorbent -condensate compatibility test are approaches to determine the capacity of the MRU. Based on the selected technology, concepts were derived for gas and condensate to ascertain the feasibility of mercury removal, particulate filtration, mercury impact to pipeline integrity and the basis for the onshore mercury removal facility. This yielded seven (7) different concepts or options addressing both MRU gas and condensate either at offshore platform or onshore facilities. The concept select ascertained the optimum requirement to install the mercury removal unit onshore upstream of an Acid Gas Removal Unit in the LNG facilities. A two-stage filtration to remove mercury particulates above 1 micron was selected for offshore facility. Understanding the behaviour of mercury and the distribution tendencies into the various streams and factors that influence this distribution would provide insight on the integrity of production and pipeline system and management of mercury for operations.
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Gusev, Sergey Igorevich, Elena Sergeyevna Kolbikova, Olga Igorevna Malinovskaya, Azat Fanisovich Garaev, and Robert Kamilevich Valiev. "Forecast of Prospective Oil Saturation Zones in the Devonian Carbonate Deposits of the Kharyaginsky Field Based on Geological and Geophysical Information Analysis by Using Machine Learning Methods." In SPE Russian Petroleum Technology Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/206520-ms.
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Abstract The Kharyaginskoye oil field is located on the territory of the Nenets Autonomous District and belongs to the Timan-Pechora Basin oil and gas province. The main object of development is a Devonian age carbonate reservoir. The productive zones of the studied object are mainly confined to thin bed low-porosity reservoirs with a complex structure of void space. The high heterogeneity of deposits laterally and the presence of different levels of oil-water contact (OWC) in the marginal isolated zones necessitate a more accurate assessment of the oil-saturated effective thicknesses. The increase in the reliability of the interpretation was achieved by the joint analysis of borehole and seismic studies using Machine Learning methods. At the stage of configuring the facies model based on well logs and core data, a Multi-Resolution Graph-based Clustering MRGC was used, which provides effective integration of geological and geophysical information. The multi-dimensional dot-pattern recognition method based on k-Nearest neighbors algorithm (k-NN), and by combining various criteria, it allows solving the problem of non-linearity of the relationships between logging responses and the corresponding lithology. The algorithm of the democratic association of neural networks DNNA was used to propagate electrofacies in the inter-well space. The method optimizes the use of seismic data before summation and after summation together with well data through a controlled process that provides a calibrated and scaled distribution of facies. The most probable facies distribution can be used directly as a property in reservoir modeling or as a constraint for modeling. It is known that there is no direct connection between a certain type of wave pattern and the lithological composition of rocks, therefore, the analysis of changing reflection characteristics is performed in conjunction with geophysical data, such as well logging. In addition, a priori geological information about the work area is involved. An important condition for the effective application of facies analysis is the presence of representative core material and the availability of high-quality well information. At the first stage of the work, the lithotyping of carbonate deposits was performed according to the macro description of the core, based on the classification of limestones according to R. H. Dunham. Then, using the multidimensional statistical recognition algorithm MRGC, the relationships between the selected lithotypes and logging responses were obtained. As a result of the tuning, a cluster model was obtained that allows us to distinguish electrofacies characterized by an increased filtration and capacitance potential. At the second stage, the obtained electrofacies, considering the nature of saturation, were used to train cubes of seismic attributes and calculate the cubes of lithofacies and the probability of the existence of each lithofacies. The key point in the distribution was the use of electrofacies obtained in wells belonging to different facies zones. Thus, the joint analysis of all available borehole and seismic information by machine learning methods made it possible to make a forecast lithofacies considering the type of saturation based on geological and geophysical information analysis. The effectiveness of the presented technologies was demonstrated by analyzing the properties of low-permeable carbonate reservoirs, where classical attributes and inversion demonstrate limitations in describing a heterogeneous saturation model. The use of neural network approaches allows to configure complex nonlinear dependencies that are not available to classical methods. The use of a small volume of multi-scale geological and geophysical information using Machine Learning algorithms in the field of field-geophysical and seismic interpretation makes it possible to increase the reliability of interpretation and clarify the location of prospective zones with improved reservoir properties on the studied area, as well as to minimize geological risks during subsequent well placement.