Relevant bibliographies by topics / Films within films

Academic literature on the topic 'Films within films'

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Published: 26 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Films within films"

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Seiderer, Anna, and Alexander Schellow. "Writing within Colonial Films." Critical Arts 31, no. 2 (March 4, 2017): 87–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02560046.2017.1345967.

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Khandelwal, A., R. Shukla, and K. S. Sharma. "Effect of Different Compositions of Mixed Metal Oxides (Zinc Oxide and Tin Oxide) on Structural and Optical Properties for the Application of Window Layers in Solar Cells." Journal of Scientific Research 16, no. 1 (January 1, 2024): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v16i1.64157.

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Thin films of composite Zinc Tin Oxide (ZTO) are grown on glass substrates by thermal vapor evaporation. Thin films with different ratios of ZnO: SnO2= (90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40 and 50:50) wt% were prepared and annealed at 500 °C for 2 h. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns reveal that the ZTO films have become polycrystalline as we increase the percentage of tin oxide. The crystallinity of films also increases significantly. The field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) results indicate that the percentage of tin oxide changes the film's morphology. UV visible spectroscopy of the films indicates that the band gap is reduced with the increased percentage of tin oxide in the mixture, and transmittance is also decreased at a higher percentage. The transmittance of the films ranges from 90 to 83 %, while the band gap falls within the range of 3.90 to 3.40 eV. These characteristics make the films well-suited for solar cell window layers.
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Michelson, Annette. "The Kinetic Icon in the Work of Mourning." October 169 (August 2019): 87–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/octo_a_00361.

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Among Dziga Vertov's films, Three Songs of Lenin is unique in its immediate and enduring approval within the Soviet Union. The film was commissioned for the tenth anniversary of Lenin's death and made extensive use of archival material documenting Lenin's political trajectory and his funeral. Annette Michelson offers a reading of the film's political function within the historical situation of the USSR in the 1930s, claiming that the register and scale of Three Songs of Lenin make the film a “kinetic icon” for the deceased leader. Michelson discusses similarities between religious icons and films, particularly the way in which death haunts both, and she examines the way in which the film's emphasis on the role of the female mourner enables it to transform document into monument.
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Kümmerling-Meibauer, Bettina. "Paratexts in Children's Films and the Concept of Meta-filmic Awareness." Journal of Educational Media, Memory, and Society 5, no. 2 (September 1, 2013): 108–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/jemms.2013.050208.

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This article demonstrates, on the basis of recent research in film studies and media literacy, that filmic paratexts play a significant role in contemporary children's films. It shows that paratexts effectively comment on feature films by, for example, anticipating the film's plot and characters in the opening credits, and by pursuing the film plot in the end titles. Thorough analysis of children's films reveals that paratexts stimulate the child viewer to develop a competency that might be characterized as “meta-filmic awareness”, which is the capacity to distinguish between different levels of plot, communication, or complexity within a film. In keeping with these findings, this article represents an exploration of what we might call a meta-critical approach toward children's films.
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Podgorski, T., J. M. Flesselles, and L. Limat. "Dry arches within flowing films." Physics of Fluids 11, no. 4 (April 1999): 845–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.869956.

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Williamson, M., R. Hull, D. Dunn, J. Greene, and S. Kodambaka. "Microtextural Characterization and Orientational Mapping of Polycrystalline Thin Films Using TEM Dark Field Imaging Through an Annular Objective Aperture." Microscopy and Microanalysis 5, S2 (August 1999): 218–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600014410.

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Several methods have been applied to the texture characterization of polycrystalline films, including X-ray diffraction and several SEM and TEM techniques. Few of these techniques combine high spatial resolution with the ability to characterize large sample areas in a short time. We have fabricated annular objective apertures for the TEM, extending earlier work of Heinemann and Poppa, to characterize the orientation and size of grains within polycrystalline thin films. This procedure is similar to conical dark field imaging which has been shown to provide microtextural information over large areasApertures were fabricated using a FEI FIB-200 focused ion beam (FIB) workstation. Bitmap templates of apertures were created using Adobe Illustrator™ and converted to stream files. These stream files were then used to controllably cut annular apertures into an existing platinum JEOL aperture strip with a 30 keV Ga+ FIB. The apertures were then placed in the objective aperture drive of a JEOL 2000FX transmission electron microscope and TiN thin films were imaged in bright- and dark-field imaging modes.
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Kane, R. S., R. E. Cohen, and R. Silbey. "Semiconductor Nanocluster Growth within Polymer Films." Langmuir 15, no. 1 (January 1999): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la980738i.

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Ryan, Connor. "Diversity Within Yoruba-Language Video Films." African Studies Review 55, no. 2 (September 2012): 180–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/arw.2012.0040.

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Zhuravlyova, E., L. Iglesias-Rubianes, A. Pakes, P. Skeldon, G. E. Thompson, X. Zhou, T. Quance, M. J. Graham, H. Habazaki, and K. Shimizu. "Oxygen evolution within barrier oxide films." Corrosion Science 44, no. 9 (September 2002): 2153–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0010-938x(02)00025-2.

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BOUSÉÉ, DEREK. "Two Brothers." Film Quarterly 59, no. 3 (2006): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fq.2006.59.3.52.

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ABSTRACT This review of Jean-Jacques Annaud's 2004 tale about a pair of tiger cubs in Southeast Asia details the film's formal and narrative similarities to the supposedly ““non-fiction”” wildlife films on nightly television. Despite working within the boundaries of formula (outlined here), Annaud's execution is nevertheless brilliant and moving.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Films within films"

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Bailey, Lee. "Spatial distributions within electroactive films." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/30039.

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The spatial distributions of polymer and solvent within three types of polymer modified electrode have been investigated using the technique of neutron reflectivity. The overall aim of this research is to rationalise electrochemical behaviour of polymer modified electrodes through improved knowledge of in situ electrode structure. This may in future assist the design and fabrication of modified electrodes of desired function. The permselectivity failure of poly(vinylferrocene) has been investigated, with neutron reflectivity used to quantify mobile species transfer which occurs during redox cycling. Short time scale reflectivity studies have allowed observation of the changes in spatial distributions which occur within such films during oxidation and reduction, and rate limiting species transfers have been proposed. The reaction of the polymer poly(pentafluorophenyl 3-(pyrrol-1-yl)propanoate) with the nucleophile ferrocene-ethylamine has been followed and in particular the progress of the nucleophile's reaction front through the polymer monitored as a function of time. Definite regional differences in polymer structure were identified, which had an effect on the reaction progress. Studies on a third system looked at the effect of electrolyte pH on the structure of poly(orthotoluidine) films. At high acid concentration films are observed to swell, with the species responsible dependent on acid concentration. Neutron reflectivity was also used to rationalise combined EQCM/PBD responses obtained during redox cycling of poly(orthotoluidine).
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Duke, Tyler Norman. "The role of conservation films within the environmental debate." Thesis, Montana State University, 2006. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2006/duke/DukeT1206.pdf.

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Supian, Faridah Lisa. "Sensing interactions within nanoscale calixarene and polysiloxane Langmuir-Blodgett films." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.538002.

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Conner, Marilyn W. "Theory of solid physisorbed films within the Potts lattice gas model /." The Ohio State University, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487266691096888.

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Crutchley, Nigel Stuart. "The encapsulation of oils and oil soluble substances within polymer films." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.434758.

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Kane, Ravindra (Ravindra Shantaram) 1972. "Characterization and technical studies of semiconductor nanoclusters synthesized within polymer films." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9608.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, 1998.
Includes bibliographical references.
Semiconductor nanoclusters were synthesized within diblock copolymer films containing carboxylic acid units on one of the blocks. Diblock copolymer films microphase separate during film casting, and yield many different morphologies (spherical lamellar/ cylindrical ) depending on the ratio of the lengths of the two blocks. Metals such as Zn or Pb were selectively sequestered into the acid-containing microdomains by treating the films with aqueous metal salt solutions or with suitable organometallic reagents. Subsequent treatment with H2S formed metal sulfide nanoclusters within the microdomains. Initial experiments focused on PbS nanoclusters synthesized using tetraethyllead as the organometallic reagent PbS is interesting on account of its small effective mass which results in a large quantum size effect. The composite films containing PbS nanoclusters were characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, electron microscopy, and UV­Vis spectroscopy. The cluster size and hence its optical properties could be controlled by varying processing parameters such as the reaction temperature, the presence of coordinating bases, and the time of exposure to H2S. A model was developed to explain the effect of these processing pm.meters on the cluster size. The experiments were also complemented by a theoretical study of the electronic structure of PbS nanoclusters. The semi-empirical tight binding method was used to study the dependence of the band gap of PbS nanoclusters on their size. 'The effects of spin-orbit coupling were included, and the calculated band gaps agreed well with previously published experimental values for PbS. Applications of semiconductor nanoclusters in devices have been hindered by surface defects, which greatly reduce the quantum yield for photoluminescence and electroluminescence. This difficulty can be overcome by using doped nanoclusters, where the emitter would be an impurity atom in the nanocluster. We have synthesized manganese-doped and terbium-doped ZnS nanoclusters within diblock copolymer films. The cations (zinc and the impurity atom) were successively loaded from aqueous solutions of their salts. The extent of loading was tracked using ICP discharge emission spectroscopy. Doped nanoclusters were formed by treating the ion-loaded films with H2S. The Mn-doped ZnS nanoclusters have been characterized by UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. The photoluminescence spectra show the characteristic manganese emission. Excitation spectra, in conjunction with UV-Vis spectra for doped ZnS nanoclusters of different sizes, demonstrated that manganese emission occurs by excitation of the ZnS nanocluster. To-doped ZnS nanoclusters also showed emission characteristic of terbium ions in the cluster.
by Ravindra Kane.
Ph.D.
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Harrison, Mark Geoffrey. "The charge excitations of conjugated polymers and oligomers : optical and electrical studies within field-effect devices." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360905.

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Timmons, Lena G. Boyd Jean Ann. "Functions of film music and sound within a genre : the revenge western /." Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/4900.

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Kimber, Shaun. "'Looking beyond the obvious' : the censorship of film violence within contemporary Britain." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.339962.

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Hao, Qing, Yue Xiao, and Hongbo Zhao. "Characteristic length of phonon transport within periodic nanoporous thin films and two-dimensional materials." AMER INST PHYSICS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621715.

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In the past two decades, phonon transport within nanoporous thin films has attracted enormous attention for their potential applications in thermoelectrics and thermal insulation. Various computational studies have been carried out to explain the thermal conductivity reduction within these thin films. Considering classical phonon size effects, the lattice thermal conductivity can be predicted assuming diffusive pore-edge scattering of phonons and bulk phonon mean free paths. Following this, detailed phonon transport can be simulated for a given porous structure to find the lattice thermal conductivity [Hao et al., J. Appl. Phys. 106, 114321 (2009)]. However, such simulations are intrinsically complicated and cannot be used for the data analysis of general samples. In this work, the characteristic length K-Pore of periodic nanoporous thin films is extracted by comparing the predictions of phonon Monte Carlo simulations and the kinetic relationship using bulk phonon mean free paths modified by K-Pore. Under strong ballistic phonon transport, K-Pore is also extracted by the Monte Carlo ray-tracing method for graphene with periodic nanopores. The presented model can be widely used to analyze the measured thermal conductivities of such nanoporous structures. Published by AIP Publishing.
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Books on the topic "Films within films"

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Barritt, Greg J. Communication within animal cells. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1991.

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Bliss, Michael. Dreams within a dream: The films of Peter Weir. Carbondale, Ill: Southern Illinois University Press, 2000.

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Alan, Gevinson, ed. Within our gates: Ethnicity in American feature films, 1911-1960. Berkeley, Ca: University of California Press, 1997.

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Vatnsdal, Caelum. They came from within: A history of Canadian horror cinema. Winnipeg, MB, Canada: Arbeiter Ring Pub., 2004.

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Iaccino, James F. Jungian reflections within the cinema: A psychological analysis of sci-fi and fantasy archetypes. Westport, Conn: Praeger, 1998.

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Hicks, Neill D. Writing the thriller film: The terror within. Studio City, CA: M. Wiese Productions, 2002.

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Hicks, Neill D. Writing the thriller film: The terror within. Studio City, Calif: M. Wiese Productions, 2002.

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Kitses, Jim. Horizons west: Anthony Mann, Budd Boetticher, Sam Peckinpah : studies of authorship within the western. Ann Arbor: ProQuest, 2002.

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Dias, Magan. A critique of race within the films 'Flame in the Streets' and 'Sapphire': Understanding the portrayal of black identity within British society. London: LCP, 1999.

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Hendershot, Cynthia. The animal within: Masculinity and the Gothic. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Films within films"

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Kimber, Shaun. "Valuing Film Violence: Student Perceptions on the Inclusion of Violent Films and Film Violence within the Undergraduate Learning Experience." In Valuing Films, 149–66. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230305854_9.

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Zhang, Yufei Tai. "Brief Analysis of Chinese Films within the Film Industry in Argentina, Chile, Mexico, and Uruguay." In Chinese Films Abroad, 223–43. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003466932-13.

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George, Susan A. "Invasion from within: Mom, the Nuclear Family, and Suburban Masculinity." In Gendering Science Fiction Films, 85–105. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137321589_4.

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Gissler, W., T. P. Mollart, and R. Gilmore. "Tribological coatings within the Ti-B-N system." In Protective Coatings and Thin Films, 357–66. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5644-8_28.

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Guarde-Paz, César. "The Quatermass Anxiety and the Evil Within." In Critical Readings on Hammer Horror Films, 26–38. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003458609-4.

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Aveyard, Bob. "Thin liquid films." In Surfactants, 314–36. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198828600.003.0012.

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The study of soap films, which are symmetrical, has a distinguished history. More recently, other asymmetric liquid films (e.g. pseudo-emulsion films and wetting films on solids) have been widely investigated. The (meta)stability of thin liquid films can be understood in terms of disjoining pressure isotherms, the shapes of which reflect the nature of the films. Film stability in systems with only fluids present can also be considered in terms of both classical and generalized entry coefficients, defined in terms of the various interfacial tensions in the system. Film rupture obviously occurs as a result of dynamic processes. Film drainage (thinning) rate is influenced by surface concentration gradients in the surfactant layers at film surfaces and by the effects of Marangoni flow within the films. To be stable, films need to have elastic properties in order to withstand mechanical perturbations. If the repulsive forces between surfaces become insufficient, hole formation will lead to film rupture.
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Lash, Dominic. "Genres within Genres within Genres: Nested Narrative and Metalepsis." In The Cinema of Disorientation, 39–50. Edinburgh University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474462778.003.0004.

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This chapter explores the relationship between genre and orientation by means of studies of two films with heavily nested narratives that are distinguished by genre: Cloud Atlas (Tom Tykwer, Lana Wachowski, Lilly Wachowski, 2012) and The Forbidden Room (Guy Maddin and Evan Johnson, 2015). The more distinct narrative levels a film contains, the more opportunities for metalepsis, and hence for the generation of disorientating effects. But these two films indicate the range of possible ways that complexity and disorientation may relate to one another. Structural diagrams of the two films demonstrate that simplicity of structure by no means necessarily results in ease of orientation for viewers.
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Durkin, Hannah. "Performing within Primitivism." In Josephine Baker and Katherine Dunham, 75–105. University of Illinois Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252042621.003.0004.

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This chapter examines Baker’s two feature-length silent films, La Revue des revues and La Sirène des tropiques (both 1927). It shows how their staging of Baker’s dancing body plays into early-twentieth-century colonial and primitivist fantasies but simultaneously allows the star to showcase a self-referential performance style with origins in Black vaudeville. The chapter also juxtaposes Baker’s work with the regimented routines of white chorus girls and traces her film stardom’s impact on 1920s African American audiences. The coexistence of competing significations in these films underscores the fundamental ambiguity of Baker’s performances, which allow for readings of both subjugation and contestation.
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Hobbs, Simon. "Lars von Trier: Provocation, Condemnation and Confrontation." In Cultivating Extreme Art Cinema, 163–88. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474427371.003.0008.

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Lars von Trier role as a provocateur, although well established, is central to his paratextuality. Approaching his performances in the film festival space as additional paratexts, the chapter shows how the director adds a transgressive capital to his films through these external acts. The chapter then instigates a detailed paratextual study of Antichrist. The chapter illustrates how Chelsea Films, a sub-branch of the larger Curzon conglomerate, adopts a generic horror schema for its paratextual presentation of Antichrist. Discussing the ramifications of the company’s decision to position a pair of bloody scissors on the film’s cover, the chapter concludes that the use of a horror narrative image simplifies the text and nullifies its arthouse credentials. Thereafter, the chapter explores Artificial Eye’s remediation, suggesting that the company are unsuccessful in their attempt to redefine the film within the parameters of art cinema. Finishing with an exploration of the film’s involvement in the Film4 Extreme Season, the chapter highlights the differences between the commercial representation of extremity on DVD and Television, showing the latter to be more flexible.
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Tzioumakis, Yannis. "Converging Indiewood: Spike Jonze, Propaganda Films, and the Emergence of Specialty Film Giant USA Films." In ReFocus: The Films of Spike Jonze, 46–64. Edinburgh University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474447621.003.0004.

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This chapter examines the production background of Jonze’s first feature film, Being John Malkovich. Jonze put Being John Malkovich together with the participation of both production companies and music labels (such as Michael Stipe’s Single Cell Pictures), and a new distribution company, USA Films. Although largely unrecognized at the time, USA Films also released Traffic and The Man Who Wasn’t There, before merging with other companies to become Focus Features. As Being John Malkovich went on to become a quintessential ‘indiewood’ film, this chapter examines the film’s role, and indeed the role of Jonze more broadly, in the shift toward the incorporation of global finance and distribution structures within the independent film sector. The chapter posits that Jonze’s diverse media background and ability to traverse entertainment sectors can be seen as a key example of indiewood’s drive to push independent filmmaking into new arenas in the late ‘90s.
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Conference papers on the topic "Films within films"

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Rouquette, Paul, Claude Amra, Myriam Zerrad, and Catherine Grèzes-Besset. "Photo-induced thermal radiation within multilayers optics." In Advances in Optical Thin Films VII, edited by Michel Lequime and Detlev Ristau. SPIE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2596881.

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Amra, Claude, Myriam Zerrad, and Michel Lequime. "Trapped light scattering within optical coatings: a multilayer roughness-coupling process." In Advances in Optical Thin Films VII, edited by Michel Lequime and Detlev Ristau. SPIE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2597021.

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Gacoin, E., C. Fretigny, and A. Chateauminois. "Shear Properties of Polymer Films Within Confined Contacts." In World Tribology Congress III. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wtc2005-63488.

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Approximate contact models for film/substrate systems have been developed and validated in order to determine the shear moduli of mechanically confined films using lateral contact stiffness measurements. This approach allowed to discuss the effects of material compressibility, hydrostatic pressure and plastic deformation on the mechanical response of thin polymers films within macroscopic contacts.
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Ruffner, J. A., M. D. Himel, and Ursula J. Gibson. "Stress modification in ZnS thin films." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1988.thv7.

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Thermally evaporated ZnS forms dense polycrystalline films which exhibit compressive stress that may lead to structural failure of thicker samples. However, we have observed that ZnS films deposited onto liquid nitrogen cooled substrates are amorphous and exhibit tensile stress and lower refractive indices. The last two factors indicate that the cooled films have a lower density than conventionally deposited films. Ion assisted deposition (IAD) can be used to densify a film which leads to increased compressive stress. We have investigated the possibility of tuning the stress within a ZnS film by using IAD in conjunction with substrate cooling, with the goal of improving the structural stability of thicker ZnS coatings.
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Roberts, M. J., G. A. Lindsay, J. D. Stenger-Smith, P. Zarras, R. A. Hollins, A. P. Chafin, M. P. Nadler, and K. J. Wynne. "Nonlinear Optical Films from Pairwise-Deposited Semi-ionomeric Syndioregic Polymers." In Organic Thin Films for Photonic Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/otfa.1997.the.7.

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Processing polymers near room temperature to produce all-polymeric nonlinear optical films has important advantages [1]. For example, the Langmuir-Blodgett-Kuhn (LBK) technique offers control over final film thickness to within one monolayer. Also, materials may be precisely located within the film to control properties for purposes such as phase matching of the fundamental and second harmonic waveguide modes [2].
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Vogt, Bryan D., Christopher L. Soles, Vivek M. Prabhu, Sushil K. Satija, Eric K. Lin, and Wen-li Wu. "Water distribution within immersed polymer films." In Microlithography 2005, edited by John L. Sturtevant. SPIE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.599746.

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Himel, M. D., J. A. Ruffner, and Ursula J. Gibson. "Modification of structure and waveguiding properties of evaporated ZnS films." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1988.wh3.

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We have observed that the dominant loss mechanism in thermally deposited ZnS films is internal scattering at grain boundaries within the film. To reduce crystalline effects, we deposited ZnS onto liquid nitrogen cooled substrates. X-ray diffraction indicates that these films are amorphous and they exhibit significantly lower losses (<1 dB/cm) than films deposited at ambient temperatures (≃ 10 dB/cm). The cooling process may also reduce film density, which results in a lower refractive index and tensile stress within the ZnS films. Preliminary results on nonlinear properties of the cooled films are presented.
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Wang, C. H., A. D. Lloyd, B. S. Wherrett, D. J. Bone, T. G. Harvey, T. G. Ryan, and N. Carter. "Asymmetric Fabry-Perot Electro-Optic Modulators Containing a Polymeric Film." In Organic Thin Films for Photonic Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/otfa.1993.fd.2.

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Many organic polymeric materials have been developed that possess electro-optic coefficients exceeding that of LiNbO3 [1]. These materials lend themselves to incorporation within Fabry-Perot structures to form an electro-optic modulator [2], with potential for high modulation speeds and a wide range of commercially viable applications which are enabled by their ease of processing.
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Flipse, Marinus C., Roel de Jonge, Richard H. Woudenberg, Albert W. Marsman, Cornelis van Walree, and Leonardus W. Jenneskens. "Measurements Of First Hyperpolarizabilities β:Anomalous Hyper-Rayleigh Scattering Results." In Organic Thin Films for Photonic Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/otfa.1995.tha.2.

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The large optical nonlinearities, the accessibility of molecular engineering, and the intriguing physics of quadratic nonlinear optics made both chemists and physicists explore the field of organic chromophores for nonlinear optics. Furthermore, the potential of polymers derived from these nonlinear optical chromophores for applications within telecommunications led to a considerable interest from industry.
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Kippelen, B., B. L. Volodin, E. Hendrickx, D. D. Steele, Sandalphon, Y. Enami, J. F. Wang, et al. "High performance photorefractive polymers and their applications." In Organic Thin Films for Photonic Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/otfa.1997.fd.1.

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Within the past years, photorefractive polymers have gained in maturity and are emerging as a promising new class of materials for photonic applications.1,2 Several applications ranging from holographic storage to real-time optical processing3 have been demonstrated with highly efficient photorefractive polymers. In polymers with a low glass transition temperature, orientational effects were identified4 and were found to have the strongest contribution to the overall refractive index modulation amplitude.5 Due to these orientational effects, the design criteria or figure of merit of chromophores for photorefractive applications differ from those of purely electro-optic applications.
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Reports on the topic "Films within films"

1

Wang, Qing-Ming. Dual Mode Thin Film Bulk Acoustic Resonators (FBARs) Based on AlN, ZnO and GaN Films with Tilted c-Axis Orientation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada532761.

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2

Cusato, Antonio, and Jose Luis Castillo. Access to Credit and the Expansion of Broadband Internet in Peru. Inter-American Development Bank, June 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004959.

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We exploit the staggered expansion of the internet broadband network to firms and bank branches locations in Peru during the last decade to study non-financial firm performance and bank credit dynamics. Access to broadband unleashes firm growth, increases the chances of entry of firms and reduces the probability of exit in benefited locations. For those firms that had a borrowing relation with a bank before the expansion of broadband, the increase in sales serves as a signal to banks about their profitability, which in turn respond by providing more credit. Entry and exit from the credit market follows a similar pattern as in the case of firms, but the results take longer to materialize after the shock. We can disentangle supply and demand effects, since there is a group of firms and bank branches with different locations and asymmetrical timing for the availability of the technology. Our analysis highlights the importance of the demand channel in the reduction of the observed interest rates, which is consistent with the fact that our credit market results are concentrated among micro and small firms, and firms with thin credit files, which are often perceived as riskier.
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3

Cirera, Xavier, Diego Comin, Marcio Cruz, and Kyung Min Lee. Technology Within and Across Firms. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w28080.

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4

Stucchi, Rodolfo, Alessandro Maffioli, Sofía Rojo, and Victoria Castillo. Knowledge Spillovers of Innovation Policy through Labor Mobility: An Impact Evaluation of the FONTAR Program in Argentina. Inter-American Development Bank, February 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011534.

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Although knowledge spillovers are at the core of the innovation policy's justification, they have never been properly measured by any impact evaluation. This paper fills this gap by estimating the spillover effects of the FONTAR program in Argentina. We use an employer-employee matched panel dataset with the entire population of firms and workers in Argentina for the period 2002-2010. This dataset allows us to track the mobility of qualified workers from FONTAR beneficiary firms to other firms and, therefore, to identify firms that indirectly benefit from the program through knowledge diffusion. We use a combination of fixed effect and matching to estimate the causal effect-direct and indirect-of the program on various measures of performance. Our findings are robust to a placebo test based on anticipatory effects and show that the program increased employment, wages, and the exporting probability of both direct and indirect beneficiaries. The analysis of the dynamic of these effects confirms that performance does not improve immediately after the treatment for neither direct nor indirect beneficiaries.
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5

Garicano, Luis, and Thomas Hubbard. Specialization, Firms, and Markets: The Division of Labor Within and Between Law Firms. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w9719.

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6

Maffioli, Alessandro, Marcela Eslava, and Marcela Meléndez Arjona. Second-tier Government Banks and Firm Performance: Micro-Evidence from Colombia. Inter-American Development Bank, January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011356.

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Despite the large potential gains from credit by second-tier development banks, little is known about the actual impact of these banks' lending activity. This study partially fills that gap by analyzing the impact of the lending activity of Bancoldex, the Colombian second-tier development bank, on firm performance. The evaluation uses data over a several-year period on loans granted to firms by Bancoldex and on performance for all manufacturing establishments with 10 or more employees.
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7

Prendergast, Canice, and Lars Stole. Non-Monetary Exchange Within Firms and Industry. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w5765.

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8

Impink, Stephen Michael, Andrea Prat, and Raffaella Sadun. Communication within Firms: Evidence from CEO Turnovers. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w29042.

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9

Blanco, Roberto, Elena Fernández, Miguel García-Posada, and Sergio Mayordomo. An estimation of the default probabilities of Spanish non-financial corporations and their application to evaluate public policies. Madrid: Banco de España, September 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53479/33512.

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We model the one-year ahead probability for default of Spanish non-financial corporations using data for the period 1996-2019. While most previous literature considers that a firm is in default if it files for bankruptcy, we define default as having non-performing loans during at least three months of a given year. This broader definition allows us to predict firms’ financial distress at an earlier stage that cannot generally be observed by researchers, before their financial conditions become too severe and they have to file for bankruptcy or engage in private workouts with their creditors. We estimate, by means of logistic regressions, both a general model that uses all the firms in the sample and six models for different size-sector combinations. The selected explanatory variables are five accounting ratios, which summarise firms’ creditworthiness, and the growth rate of aggregate credit to non-financial corporations, to take into account the role of credit availability in mitigating the risk of default. Finally, we carry out two applications of our prediction models: we construct credit rating transition matrices and evaluate a programme implemented by the Spanish government to provide direct aid to firms severely affected by the COVID-19 crisis.
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10

Wetzel, Eric D., and Brice K. Fink. Adherend Thermal Effects During Bonding with Inductively Heated Films. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada393565.

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