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Academic literature on the topic 'Films minces d'hydrogel'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Films minces d'hydrogel"
Ciapa, Lola. "Frottement de films minces d'hydrogel : poroélasticité et interface." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UPSLS006.
Full textThin hydrogel films find applications in biomedical engineering (synthetic articular cartilage, contact lenses) or optics (anti-fog coatings) thanks to their biocompatibility, transparency, and lubricating properties. The frictional properties of these systems in water, which are crucial for their use, arise from the complex coupling of several physical mechanisms. Fluid film lubrication, poroelastic flows in the gel due to pressure gradients, and molecular interactions at the interface between the gel and the sliding surface are all involved in gel friction.In the present work, we provide a description of the role played by interfacial molecular interactions on friction of hydrogels in water. To this end, we built an experimental set up in which both poroelastic flows and water film lubrication are suppressed. By sliding a spherical silica lens with a rotative trajectory over a micrometer-thick polydimethylacrylamide gel film immersed in water, under imposed normal force and velocity, we measure the frictional forces and observe the gel/silica contact by interferometry. By functionalizing the silica with various silanes, we show an effect of surface chemistry of the silica lens on the measured friction forces and their dependence on sliding speed, over three decades in velocity. In transient regime, we demonstrate an ageing phenomenon of the interface when the lens is maintained in contact with the gel over long times before sliding initiation. We derive a model for steady state friction based on the thermodynamic adsorption/desorption of polymer chains on the sliding surface. This model successfully accounts for our experimental observations with a set of molecular parameters which agree with the physico-chemistry of our silanated systems
Delavoipière, Jessica. "Transport dans des films minces d'hydrogel : gonflement, frottement et rhéologie." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS386.
Full textHydrogel films are proposed as anti-fog coatings on glazings. Indeed, they may delay mist formation by absorbing water up to several times their volume. However, their mechanical resistance in the swollen state remains an issue. In this work, we investigate water transport towards and within non-equilibrium hydrogel films in two situations. First, we have studied the swelling kinetics of the cooled films when submitted to a humid air flow. Second, we have characterized their indentation and frictional response in relation to the drainage of the poroelastic network which results from contact stresses. For this purpose, model micrometric hydrogel films, with a varied and controlled physical-chemistry, are prepared. Experimental set-ups have been developed and the results are modelled in relation with the architecture of hydrogels and their physical-chemistry. We show how the hygroscopy of the polymer, the architecture and the thickness of the films control their swelling kinetics in a vapor flux. We also demonstrate that the friction force on hydrogel films mostly originates in the flow of water forced within the permeable polymer network in the sliding contact. Finally, at large indentation depths where the water content becomes low enough, we highlight the role of the transitions (glass transition or LCST-type) of the polymer on the mechanical response of the films
Votte, Guillaume. "Synthèse de cristaux photoniques modulables à partir de films minces d’hydrogel stimulables." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPSLS010.
Full textResearch in the field of synthetic photonic crystals has been advancing at high speed. In thedevelopment of this field, additional performances in terms of modularity and switchabilityusing soft matter and polymers provide unprecedented enhanced devices. In this thesis, wedeveloped a platform of stimuli-responsive nano- and microstructured polymer hydrogelsthat are surface-grafted to ensure chemical stability regardless of environmental change.This strategy is based on CLAG chemistry which consists in simultaneous Cross-Linking AndGrafting of polymer chains on the substrate. This platform is exploited to fabricate stimulableBragg mirrors with large amplitude of spectral shift. We also developed a strategy allowingus to design two-dimensional photonic cristals by using photolithographic masks. Finally, wedemonstrated that the hydrogel platform allows the coupling of temperature with otherstimuli: chemical, mechanical, light and electromagnetic field for plasmonic and magnetichyperthermia
Li, Mengxing. "Films minces d'hydrogels stimulables." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066268/document.
Full textThin films of hydrogels we study are chemical polymer networks covalently grafted on solid substrates. These versatile coatings allow the control of various interfacial properties such as responsive properties, wetting or mechanical properties. Here, thin films of stimuli-responsive hydrogels (with temperature, light or electric field) are the point of interest. The surface-attached gel films are synthesized by following a straightforward strategy based on thiol-ene click chemistry. The formation of the films is achieved by adding bifunctional thiol molecules as cross-linkers to the ene-reactive polymers on thiol-modified surfaces. This strategy allows us to obtain hydrogel films with a wide range of thickness and with the desired properties. We study the structure of surface-attached poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) gel films which show thermo-responsive properties. We determine the effect of confinement and constraints due to the surface-attachment on the swelling/collapse phase transition of hydrogels with two approaches: the one-dimension swelling normal to the surface using ellipsometry and neutron reflectivity and the in-plane observation of the free surface of the gel using AFM. New and complex hydrogel films are also developed by targeting the architecture of the polymer networks. Inspired from macroscopic hydrogels architecture, we design various architectures: multilayer gel films, interpenetrating networks (IPN) gel films and hybrid gel films
Li, Mengxing. "Films minces d'hydrogels stimulables." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2014. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2014PA066268.pdf.
Full textThin films of hydrogels we study are chemical polymer networks covalently grafted on solid substrates. These versatile coatings allow the control of various interfacial properties such as responsive properties, wetting or mechanical properties. Here, thin films of stimuli-responsive hydrogels (with temperature, light or electric field) are the point of interest. The surface-attached gel films are synthesized by following a straightforward strategy based on thiol-ene click chemistry. The formation of the films is achieved by adding bifunctional thiol molecules as cross-linkers to the ene-reactive polymers on thiol-modified surfaces. This strategy allows us to obtain hydrogel films with a wide range of thickness and with the desired properties. We study the structure of surface-attached poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) gel films which show thermo-responsive properties. We determine the effect of confinement and constraints due to the surface-attachment on the swelling/collapse phase transition of hydrogels with two approaches: the one-dimension swelling normal to the surface using ellipsometry and neutron reflectivity and the in-plane observation of the free surface of the gel using AFM. New and complex hydrogel films are also developed by targeting the architecture of the polymer networks. Inspired from macroscopic hydrogels architecture, we design various architectures: multilayer gel films, interpenetrating networks (IPN) gel films and hybrid gel films
Augustine, Anusree. "Swelling induced debonding of thin hydrogel films grafted on silicon substrate : the role of interface physical-chemistry." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UPSLS040.
Full textHydrogel coatings are transparent and hydrophilic polymer networks that absorb a lot of water and can be suitable candidates for anti-mist coatings. However, swelling-induced stresses within the film can result in detrimental debonding of hydrogel and may fail. In this study, these debonding processes are investigated in the relation to the grafting density at the film/substrate interface, so as to control and predict the failure of the coatings during swelling or under contact stresses. For that purpose, we have developed a methodology consisting in monitoring the initiation and the propagation of swelling-induced delamination from well-controlled preexisting interface defects.Surface-attached poly(dimethylacrylamide) (PDMA) hydrogel thin films are prepared on silicon wafers from the simultaneous Cross-Linking And Grafting (CLAG) of functionalized polymer chains by thiol-ene click chemistry. This strategy allows to tune the film thickness (0.1-2 µm) while ensuring a homogeneous crosslinking density. In order to vary the strength of the film/substrate interface, the silicon wafer is grafted by mixing reactive mercaptosilane and unreactive propylsilane in various proportions prior to the formation of the hydrogel film. We characterize the mercaptosilane surface fraction thus obtained by XPS and TOF-SIMS analyses. Well-controlled line defects (width between 2 and 100 µm) are also created to nucleate delamination of the hydrogel from the substrate.Swelling-induced debonding of the film is achieved under a constant vapor flow ensuring water saturation. Optical observations show the progressive debonding of the film from the pre-existing line defects under the action of localized swelling stresses. We obtain a delamination pattern of typical so-called telephone cord instability. We measure the debonding propagation velocity where the hydrogel is grafted to the substrate. The debonding rate is found to decrease over two orders of magnitude when the amount of mercaptosilane in the reactive silane mixture is increased from 10% to 100% while increasing the covalent bonds between hydrogel and substrate. A threshold thickness for debonding is also observed. This threshold thickness increases with the amount of mercaptosilane used to graft the substrate. We derived quantitative values of the interface fracture energy from the measured thickness threshold with a simple fracture mechanics model