Academic literature on the topic 'FILM THICKNESS SIMULATION'

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Journal articles on the topic "FILM THICKNESS SIMULATION"

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Markov, A. B., A. V. Solovyov, E. V. Yakovlev, E. A. Pesterev, V. I. Petrov, and M. S. Slobodyan. "Computer simulation of temperature fields in the Cr (film)-Zr (substrate) system during pulsed electron-beam irradiation." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2064, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2064/1/012058.

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Abstract The paper presents the results of numerical simulation of the distribution of thermal fields during the formation of Cr-Zr surface alloy using a pulsed low-energy high-current electron beam (LEHCEB). The melting thresholds of the Cr-Zr system for different thicknesses of Cr films were calculated. The melting threshold of the Cr-Zr system increases linearly with increasing Cr film thickness. A linear regression dependency model of the melting threshold on the film thickness is proposed. Evaporation thresholds of the Cr-Zr system for different thicknesses of Cr films were calculated. The evaporation threshold of the Cr-Zr system increases linearly with increasing Cr film thickness. A linear regression dependency model of the evaporation threshold on the film thickness is proposed. The value of the LEHCEB energy density at which the lifetime of the film and substrate are equal is calculated. This value is a maximum value for the effective formation of Cr-Zr. A model of the LEHCEB energy density, at which the lifetime of the film and the substrate are equal, in the form of a third-degree polynomial is proposed.
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Grigoriev, Fedor V., Vladimir B. Sulimov, and Alexander V. Tikhonravov. "Atomistic Simulation of Stresses in Growing Silicon Dioxide Films." Coatings 10, no. 3 (February 29, 2020): 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10030220.

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Dependence of stress values in silicon dioxide films on its thickness in the initial stage of film growth was investigated using atomistic molecular dynamics simulation. It was shown that the stress in normally deposited films was compressive and varied slightly with growth of film thickness. The stress in the glancing angle deposited films was several times lower than the stress in the normally deposited films, and varied from compressive stress to tensile stress with increasing film thickness. An essential anisotropy of stress tensor components was revealed for the case of glancing angle deposition. The calculated stress values were in the interval of experimental data.
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Du, Run, Anying Zhang, Zhihua Du, and Xiaoyu Zhang. "Molecular Dynamics Simulation on Thin-Film Lubrication of a Mixture of Three Alkanes." Materials 13, no. 17 (August 20, 2020): 3689. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13173689.

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We used the COMPASS forcefield to perform molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of a mixture composed of three alkanes as the lubricant for the thin-film lubrication. The viscosity of the lubrication film in the non-working state, the final film thickness, and density distribution were investigated. The results reveal that the viscosity error among different initial film thicknesses in the non-working state is within 5%, which confirms the applicability of the model and the forcefield. The viscosity decreases oscillating as temperature increases. Whatever the initial film thickness is, the film thickness change rate with respect to pressure load is almost the same. When pressure increases, the density peaks increase. As the initial film thickness increases, the normalized thicknesses of adsorption and ordered layers decrease. In nanoscale, the density predicted by the MD simulation is higher than the prediction of the Tait equation, even if the adsorption layers is excluded.
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Wang, Ben, Xiuhua Fu, Shigeng Song, Hin Chu, Desmond Gibson, Cheng Li, Yongjing Shi, and Zhentao Wu. "Simulation and Optimization of Film Thickness Uniformity in Physical Vapor Deposition." Coatings 8, no. 9 (September 16, 2018): 325. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings8090325.

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Optimization of thin film uniformity is an important aspect for large-area coatings, particularly for optical coatings where error tolerances can be of the order of nanometers. Physical vapor deposition is a widely used technique for producing thin films. Applications include anti-reflection coatings, photovoltaics etc. This paper reviews the methods and simulations used for improving thin film uniformity in physical vapor deposition (both evaporation and sputtering), covering characteristic aspects of emission from material sources, projection/mask effects on film thickness distribution, as well as geometric and rotational influences from apparatus configurations. Following the review, a new program for modelling and simulating thin film uniformity for physical vapor deposition was developed using MathCAD. Results from the program were then compared with both known theoretical analytical equations of thickness distribution and experimental data, and found to be in good agreement. A mask for optimizing thin film thickness distribution designed using the program was shown to improve thickness uniformity from ±4% to ±0.56%.
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Yan, Ying, Jiarun Li, Qiuyu Liu, and Ping Zhou. "Evaporation Effect on Thickness Distribution for Spin-Coated Films on Rectangular and Circular Substrates." Coatings 11, no. 11 (October 29, 2021): 1322. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11111322.

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Spin-coating is widely applied in the field of thin-film fabrication due to its simplicity and high film uniformity. To prepare thin films on rectangular substrates by spin-coating, the simulation and experimental methods were used to study the characteristics of the film thickness in this work. The two-phase flow simulations of spin-coating on a rectangular substrate and circular substrate were carried out with the volume of fluid (VOF) method. The simulation results showed that the airflow field and the substrate geometry had little effect on the evolution of spin-coated film thickness. However, in the experimental results, there was a significant difference in the thickness of the spin-coated film on the rectangular substrate and the circular substrate. According to further study, the solvent evaporation that was neglected in the simulation was the dominant factor of the differences. In addition, it was concluded that the non-uniform evaporation caused by the surface tension and edge accumulation in the later spin-coating stage was the main reason for the film accumulation of the windward area on the rectangular substrate. This work is useful to obtain a deeper understanding of the thin-film formation mechanism of spin-coating.
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Wang, Kaijie, Yongzhi Cao, Yaowen Cui, Aiying Ye, Shaofan Yi, and Zhenjiang Hu. "Study on Parameter Correlation of Thickness and Performance of Anodizing Film on 6061 Aluminum Alloy Frame in High Energy Laser System." Coatings 12, no. 12 (December 16, 2022): 1978. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12121978.

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As stray laser light is difficult to avoid in high-energy laser systems, it is of great significance to improve the laser damage resistance of the aluminum alloy frame anodizing film system. In this paper, the effects of anodic oxidation parameters on the thickness and performance of 6061 aluminium alloy anodic oxide composite film systems are investigated combining experiments and simulations. The thickness of the oxide film is calculated theoretically, and the simulation model is established. Then the effects of anodizing parameters and the reasons are analyzed. After characterizing the surface quality and laser damage resistance of the oxide film, the influence of anodizing parameters is summarized. This paper enables advance calculations of film thickness within a certain range, combined with the film properties, to provide a reference for the laboratory preparation of 6061 anodizing films and the preparation of structure-specific composite film systems based on the film.
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P, Ramesh, and James Gunasekaran E. "Numerical Simulation of Film Thickness Formation in a PFI Engine Under Motoring Conditions." Bonfring International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management Science 9, no. 3 (September 30, 2019): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.9756/bijiems.9032.

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HU, ZHAN-NING, and V. C. LO. "THICKNESS DEPENDENCE OF THE COERCIVE FIELD IN FERROELECTRIC THIN FILMS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 20, no. 22 (September 10, 2006): 3223–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979206035424.

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By considering the effects of the space charges and domain boundaries in ferroelectric thin films, the thickness dependence of coercive field (Ec) is numerically simulated based on the four-state Potts model with the nearest-neighbor interactions between dipole moments. For large thickness, experimental results where Ec decreases with thickness can be produced from our Monte-Carlo simulation. On the other hand, when the thickness is very small, our simulation gets that Ec increases with thickness by the study of the polarization switching in the film. This gives an explanation of the experimental result by Zhu et al. in J. Appl. Phys.83, 1 (1998) for SBT-BTN film, and a similar report by Bune et al. in Nature391, 874 (1998) for the crystalline film. The critical temperature of the thin film is also discussed.
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Khaneft, Alexander V., Vadim A. Dolgachev, and Svyatoslav A. Rybin. "The Effect of Metal Film Thickness on Ignition of Organic Explosives with a Laser Pulse." Molecules 24, no. 24 (December 16, 2019): 4600. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24244600.

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The results of numerical ignition simulation of pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN), cyclotrimethylene trinitramine (RDX), cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine (HMX) and 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB) by aluminium (Al) and molybdenum (Mo) films heated by nanosecond laser pulses in a three-layer system: glass–metal–explosive material (EM) are presented. Influence of metal film thickness on the time of EM ignition delay was considered. A non-linier dependence of time of delay of ignition of EM from thickness of a metal film is shown. The greatest critical thicknesses of Al and Mo metallic films at which ignition of EM is still possible were determined. It was established that the greater the thickness of the metal film and heat resistance of EM, the greater the heat reserve needed in EM ignition film. It was established that the ignition delay time of EM increases in the sequence of PETN, RDX, HMX and TATB.
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Xiong, Min, Chuanxin Teng, Ming Chen, Yu Cheng, Shijie Deng, Fuwang Li, Hongchang Deng, Houquan Liu, and Libo Yuan. "Simulation Study of High Sensitivity Fiber SPR Temperature Sensor with Liquid Filling." Sensors 22, no. 15 (July 30, 2022): 5713. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22155713.

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In this paper, a high sensitivity fiber temperature sensor based on surface plasmon resonance is designed and studied. In the simulation, the single mode fiber is polished to remove most of the cladding, and then gold and silver films are added. Finally, it is embedded in the heat shrinkable tube filled with a thermo-optic coefficient liquid for curing. The numerical simulation results show that the sensing characteristics are sensitive to the remaining cladding thickness of the fiber, the thickness of the gold film and the thickness of the silver film. When the thermo-optic coefficient of the filling liquid is −2.8 × 10−4/°C, the thickness of the gold film, the thickness of the silver film and the thickness of the remaining cladding of the fiber are 30 nm, 20 nm and 1 μm, respectively. The sensitivity of the sensor designed in this paper can reach −6 nm/°C; this result is slightly higher than that of similar research in recent years. It will have a promising application prospect in flexible wearable temperature sensors, smart cities and other fields.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "FILM THICKNESS SIMULATION"

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Іващенко, Максим Миколайович, Максим Николаевич Иващенко, Maksym Mykolaiovych Ivashchenko, Олександр Дмитрович Погребняк, Александр Дмитриевич Погребняк, Oleksandr Dmytrovych Pohrebniak, S. N. Abdulla, and A. A. K. Muhammed. "Design and Fabrication Heterojunction Solarcell of Si-CdS-ZnO Thin Film." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/35487.

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Cadmium sulphide (CdS) is a prominent candidate to be used a buffer layer in Si based solar cell. In this study, absorber layer parameters thickness have been investigated by (SCAPS) to find out the higher conversion. Moreover, it is found that Jsc,Voc, η is increased for the absorber layer thickness of 500-600 nm and quantum efficiency is nearly overlap after the 600 nm thickness of the Si absorber layer. In addition, it is revealed that the highest efficiency cell can be achieved with the absorber layer thickness of 600 nm. From the simulation results, numerous influences of absorber layer are investigated in Si/CdS/ZnO solar cell which can lead to the fabrication of high efficiency devices. Experimentally the designed cell fabricated and the electrical properties measured also Jsc ,Voc ( with lower values) as Si thickness increased until 600 nm. And best efficiency value calculated was 8.9%. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/35487
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Žonda, Peter. "Konstrukce simulátoru kyčelního kloubu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-241896.

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The master's thesis is concerned with design and execution of an experimental acetabulofemoral joint simulator. Its primary use is the study of lubrication film thickness in hip implants. The work first describes available hip joint simulators, which simulate particular joint positions. Next, the thesis proposes author’s own designs and solutions. The result is a produced device allowing for dynamic change of load in simulation of hip joint flexion and extension as set by ISO standard. Contact is recorded by an optical apparatus composed of a high-speed camera and a microscope. The work also includes the initial testing experiment and the complete design documentation of the device including electrical wiring diagrams.
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Polnický, Vojtěch. "Konstrukce simulátoru kolenního kloubu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-318786.

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The diploma thesis is focused on the design and realization of an experimental device. The purpose of device is the simulation of dynamic and kinematic conditions of knee replacement during the walking cycle. The simulator will be used to study the formation of the lubricating film in contact of the femoral component and the polyethylene spacer, and to the cyclic wear tests for knee replacements. First part of thesis is focused on the description of working parameters of knee replacements and analysis of knee joint simulators. The description of conceptual design and selection of the final variation follows. The final design allows simulation of dynamic and kinematic conditions of ISO 14 243-3. Creation of lubricating film is analyzed by the non-contact optical fluorescence microscopy method. The work includes complete drawing documentation, wiring diagram, verification of the functionality of the device and detailed operating instructions.
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Sommer, Oliver. "Ein Beitrag zur Untersuchung des Verhaltens dünner Flüssigkeitsfilme nahe gekrümmten Substratoberflächen." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-154946.

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In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde das Verhalten dünner Flüssigkeitsfilme an gekrümmten Substratoberflächen durch experimentelle Beschichtungsversuche basierend auf der non-invasiven laserinduzierten Fluoreszenzmesstechnik und durch numerische Filmsimulationen mit Hilfe des Volume-of-Fluid Mehrphasenmodells untersucht. Besonderes Interesse galt dabei dem Finden optimaler Einflussgrößenkombinationen zur Reduzierung des Fettkanten-Effekts. In der hierfür durchgeführten Parameterstudie wurden sowohl Applikationsparameter wie der Kantenrundungsradius und die Applikationsschichtdicke als auch Stoffparameter der untersuchten Flüssigkeit wie die Viskosität und die Oberflächenspannung variiert. Neben qualitativen Beschreibungen der entstandenen Fettkantengestalten sind als Resultate auch Größen zur Quantifizierung der Fettkanten festgelegt worden und systematisch dargestellt. Es konnte nachgewiesen werden, dass ungünstige und geeignete Parameterkonfigurationen existieren, welche prägnante bzw. kaum auffällige Fettkanten erzeugen, insbesondere im Experiment. Über die dabei eingreifenden Mechanismen der zugrundeliegenden Strömungen wurden konkrete Hypothesen aufgestellt, auch um die resultierenden Proportionalitäten der Fettkantengrößen bezüglich der Einflussgrößen zu plausibilisieren. Weiterhin konnte eine Aussage über die Signifikanz der untersuchten Einflussgrößen getroffen werden. Abschließend wurde eine geeignete dimensionslose Kenngröße generiert, um den Fettkanten-Effekt parameterübergreifend beschreiben zu können, wodurch mittels der Ähnlichkeitstheorie auch eine gewisse Abschätzung des Fettkanten-Effekts ermöglicht wird
In this study the behaviour of a thin liquid layer at a curved solid edge was examined by experimental coating investigations based on the laser-induced fluorescence technique and by numerical film simulations based on the Volume-of-Fluid multiphase flow model, respectively. The main motivation was to find optimal combinations of influencing quantities to reduce the fat-edge effect. Therefore a study of these quantities was performed, in which application parameters like edge radii of curvature and application layer thicknesses as well as determining liquid properties like viscosity and surface tension have been varied. Results are described qualitatively at corresponding fat-edge shapes and quantified by suitable fat-edge parameters, which had to be identified and selected. It could be shown that adverse and appropriate influencing parameter combinations exist, which generate conspicuous and less distinctive fat-edges, respectively - especially in laboratory experiments. The experimental findings and proportionalities regarding fat-edge shapes and dimensions are found to be physically plausible. Furthermore an order of significance of the influencing quantities established. Eventually, a dimensionless quantity was derived by dimensional analysis, which describes the fat-edge effect. Thus, the fat-edge effect has also been described by the application of similarity theory and the corresponding dimenionless number, respectively
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Tsai, Dian-Yang, and 蔡典洋. "Simulation of Polysilicon Thin Film Transistor Characteristics with LDD and Field Plate Thickness Variation Design." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/fs79pe.

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碩士
逢甲大學
電子工程學系
107
Abstract Polycrystalline silicon thin-film transistors(Poly-Si) are widely used in various field ,including active-matrix liquid crystal displays(AM-LCDs), solar cells and three-dimensional(3-D) integrated circuit because they have high carrier mobility and driving current. It is widely known that the high electric field induced near the drain causes several undesirable effects in the device electrical characteristics, such as the large leakage current, kink effect, and hot carrier effect. In recent years,many groups which research TFTs have made efforts in the issue of electric field distribution. The non-ideal effects of high electric-field at drain were improved by various structure designs, including offset structure. This study was continued and changed the novel structure previously proposed by the laboratory with increasing the thickness of the field plate which will improve the dispersion of currents, avoid high electric fields, and reduce ion collisions. We use ISE-TCAD to simulate the electric field, electron current density, and impact ionization distributions of the novel -TFT to do analyses of the device performances. We found that the novel -TFT has a lower leakage current, higher breakdown voltage, and reduces impact ionization. Further more,it improves kink effect. Finally, our experimental results demonstrated novel-TFT effectively improved the kink effect and leakage current effects. In addition, for the device stability, the FPRSD-TFT degraded slower than conventional TFT, because of a combination of field plate and RSD.
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LU, JYUN-HONG, and 盧俊宏. "Dynamically Monitoring the Thickness of Film using Envelope Analysis─The Preliminary Simulation of Uniformity of Large-Area Ta2O5 Thin Film Deposited by RF Magnetron Sputtering." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/05507665771991951389.

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碩士
輔仁大學
物理學系
95
It’s extremely important that getting a stably optical characteristic to coat a optical thin film, especially for the uniformity of large-area optical thin film. In this thesis, I use a self-made mode to move and roll the substrate. At the same time, I choose the specific programming language, called LabVIEW to code optical monitoring programs, which is based on envelope analysis. Furthermore, I build a wideband dynamic film thickness control system on RF magnetron sputtering coater and use the substrate, which is a disc in shape to simulate the large-area coating. In the end, I analyze the uniformity of film thickness and the reason of the inaccuracy.
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GAUR, SHAILENDRA KUMAR. "HEAT & MASS TRANSFER ANALYSIS OF GOLD, TIN & INDIUM THIN LAYER DEPOSITION ON SURFACE." Thesis, 2016. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/14778.

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The surface temperature is required to specifying the temperature of the evaporating Gold, Tin and Indium source using constant elements for turn off the refinement in the post-processing settings. The present work represents the modeling of nanoscale Gold, Tin & Indium films by computing the film thickness, mass deposited on the substrate and mass transfer rate on silicon substrates with time dependent model using BDF solver. Gold is deposited by thermal evaporation process 34-38 nm by evaporating at temperature of 2000 °K in the vacuum of 50 Pa. Mass of gold deposited for 60 sec is 5.8 x 10-6 kg with mass transfer rate of 9.9 x 10-8 kg/sec. The SEM micrographs shows the smooth and uniformly distributed nanoscale gold film on silicon and the average grain size of gold is 12-30 nm. The XRD analysis shows the polycrystalline face centered cubic (fcc) structure in preferential (111) plane. Tin and Indium is evaporated from a resistively heated evaporator source at a temperature of 1855 °K and 1485 °K respectively in a pressure (vacuum) of 100 Pa onto silicon surface held on a fixed surface. The film thickness varies between 144 nm to 165 nm for Tin and 160 nm to 183 nm for Indium across the sample after 60 sec of deposition, with radial symmetry about the midpoint of the source. The film thickness as well as mass deposited at a point increases linearly with time. Like gold mass deposited & mass transfer rate for tin and indium also computed from the flux arriving on the substrate. Since the angular distribution is of particular interest in this model, by increasing the integration resolution to a maximum value for ensuring the most accurate angular resolution when computing the flux. The SEM micrographs of Tin and Indium at different magnifications shows the 100nm to 1microns grain size along the grain boundaries. Similarly, XRD analysis with Kα (wavelength 1.541874) shows the peaks of intensity at different 2θ angles for different orientations of planes with polycrystalline structure. The XRD of tin shows tetragonal polycrystalline structure in preferential (101) plane while XRD for indium shows tetragonal bcc structure in preferential (103) plane for tin & indium thickness of 164 nm, 183 nm respectively. Deposited gold, tin & indium film thickness measured from Dektek surface profiler at different points on the substrate surface.
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Kuo-Wei, Huang, and 黃國瑋. "Dynamically Monitoring the Thickness of Film using Wideband Optical Monitoring –The Preliminary Simulation of Uniformity of Large-Area TiN and Si Thin Film Deposited by RF Magnetron Sputtering." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/80265786159512487551.

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碩士
輔仁大學
物理學系
96
Since the uniform of thickness is different in every position on the thin film, useful area maybe small in a large area thin film application. The main subject in this study is to construct an optical monitoring system in magnetron sputtering system. Using Wideband Optical Monitoring as the monitoring method, we decrease the thickness errors at modified ceased point. Moreover, we cooperate dynamic film thickness control device to coat TiN and Si thin film and discuss the uniform. The experiments proof that, we got success in using this monitoring method to control the thickness and coating uniform film.
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Yu, Jia-Cong, and 余佳璁. "Dynamically Monitoring and Compensating the Thickness of Film using Turning Point Value Analysis-The Preliminary Simulation of Uniformity of Large-Area Ta2O5 Thin Film Deposited by RF Magnetron Sputtering." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/07958095493905949383.

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碩士
輔仁大學
物理學系
96
The thickness of film has to reach the specific degree of uniformity, because it effects optical characteristic directly by itself. However, the bigger size of the substrate is, the harder demand of uniformity reach. The thesis mainly concerns the situation of the uniformity in the thickness of Ta2O5 film being deposited on the circular substrate whose diameter is 180mm. The research method is to set up Dynamical Monitoring which optical monitors with turning point value analysis on RF magnetron sputtering coater. The major findings were as follow: (1)The fineness of the uniformity in the thickness of Ta2O5 films which are in the same radius and different degrees. (2)The whole thickness is thicker than the planned thickness, however, the researcher correct the inaccuracy through modifying the monitoring wavelength.
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Chao, Wei-Siang, and 趙偉翔. "Effects of mainstream Reynolds number, boundary layer thickness, and turbulence intensity on film cooling with a fan-shaped hole by direct numerical simulation." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/63287w.

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博士
國立交通大學
機械工程系所
106
The aim of this thesis is to investigate film cooling problems with a fan-shaped cooling hole. In order to simulate this subject realistically, the viscosity and compressibility of the gas are taken into consideration simultaneously. Several methods, such as Roe scheme, preconditioning and dual time stepping matching the LUSGS method, are adopted in the current CFD code to solve compressible flow problems. Firstly, the mainstream Reynolds number is varied to study its effect on film cooling. Results indicate that the blow-off phenomenon happens when the mainstream Reynolds number equals to 480. On the contrary, at the higher Reynolds number, the coolant jet is deflected by the mainstream fluid. Thus, a better film cooling performance is achieved with higher mainstream Reynolds number (Re=3200). A detailed comparison of the vortex structure is presented in this study. Secondly, the Boundary layer thickness is varied to study its influence on film cooling. Results reveal that a horseshoe vortex appears with a thicker mainstream boundary layer, and thus the lateral coverage of the coolant fluid is increased significantly. Also, the increase of turbulence intensity eliminates the blow-off phenomenon, which happens in a thin mainstream boundary layer condition.
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Book chapters on the topic "FILM THICKNESS SIMULATION"

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Peter, Johannes M. F., and Markus J. Kloker. "Numerical Simulation of Film Cooling in Supersonic Flow." In Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design, 79–95. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53847-7_5.

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Abstract High-order direct numerical simulations of film cooling by tangentially blowing cool helium at supersonic speeds into a hot turbulent boundary-layer flow of steam (gaseous H2O) at a free stream Mach number of 3.3 are presented. The stagnation temperature of the hot gas is much larger than that of the coolant flow, which is injected from a vertical slot of height s in a backward-facing step. The influence of the coolant mass flow rate is investigated by varying the blowing ratio F or the injection height s at kept cooling-gas temperature and Mach number. A variation of the coolant Mach number shows no significant influence. In the canonical baseline cases all walls are treated as adiabatic, and the investigation of a strongly cooled wall up to the blowing position, resembling regenerative wall cooling present in a rocket engine, shows a strong influence on the flow field. No significant influence of the lip thickness on the cooling performance is found. Cooling correlations are examined, and a cooling-effectiveness comparison between tangential and wall-normal blowing is performed.
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Potyka, Johanna, Johannes Kromer, Muyuan Liu, Kathrin Schulte, and Dieter Bothe. "Modelling and Numerical Simulation of Binary Droplet Collisions Under Extreme Conditions." In Fluid Mechanics and Its Applications, 127–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-09008-0_7.

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AbstractThe complexity of binary droplet collisions strongly increases in case of immiscible liquids with the occurrence of triple lines or for high energetic collisions, where strong rim instabilities lead to the spattering of satellite droplets. To cope with such cases, the Volume of Fluid method is extended by an efficient interface reconstruction, also applicable to multi-material cells of arbitrary configuration, as well as an enhanced continuous surface stress model for accurate surface force computations, also applicable to thin films. For collisions of fully wetting liquids, excellent agreement to experimental data is achieved in different collision regimes. High-resolution simulations predict droplet collisions in the spattering regime and provide detailed insights into the evolution of the rim instability. Another challenge is the numerical prediction of the collision outcome in the bouncing or coalescence region, where the rarefied gas dynamics in the thin gas film determines the collision result. To this end, an important step forward became possible by modelling the pressure in the gas film. With the introduction of an interior collision plane within the flow domain, it is now possible to simulate droplet collisions with gas film thickness reaching the physically relevant length scale.
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Moroz, L. I., E. M. Veselova, and A. G. Maslovskaya. "Simulation of Thickness-Dependent Polarization Switching in Ferroelectric Thin Films Using COMSOL Multiphysics." In SMART Automatics and Energy, 49–57. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8759-4_6.

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Erkkilä, Anna-Leena, Jukka Räbinä, Ilkka Pölönen, Timo Sajavaara, Esa Alakoski, and Tero Tuovinen. "Using Wave Propagation Simulations and Convolutional Neural Networks to Retrieve Thin Film Thickness from Hyperspectral Images." In Intelligent Systems, Control and Automation: Science and Engineering, 261–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70787-3_17.

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Mo, Guowei, Yunxian Cui, Junwei Yin, Pengfei Gao, and Babak Safaei. "Design and Simulation of Smart Bolt Based on Zno Piezoelectric Thin Film Sensor." In Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Smart Manufacturing and Material Processing (SMMP2022). IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/atde220828.

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In order to solve the coupling error problem of smart bolt, the coupling model of piezoelectric thin film sensor and bolt is established by using piezoelectric constitutive equation. The size parameters of ZnO piezoelectric film sensor are simulated and analyzed by finite element method using Comsol software M10×1.5 piezoelectric thin film sensor is prepared on the bolt. First, the sensors of different piezoelectric materials are compared, and then the shape, size and thickness of the piezoelectric materials of the sensor are simulated; the size and thickness of electrode material are simulated. The simulation results show that the piezoelectric material is ZnO, the shape is round, the piezoelectric material size is 10 mm, the piezoelectric thickness is 1000 nm, the electrode material size is 6 mm, and the electrode thickness is 200 nm. ZnO piezoelectric thin film sensor was fabricated with this material and size.
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Raniero, Walter, Gianantonio Della Mea, and Matteo Campostrini. "Functionalization of Surfaces with Optical Coatings Produced by PVD Magnetron Sputtering." In Research Perspectives on Functional Micro- and Nanoscale Coatings, 170–207. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0066-7.ch007.

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This chapter describes the functionalization of the surface of the glass through thin film inorganic coatings. Such filters called dichroic filters, following the physical principle of interference of light using the rules of optical physics. The design of the optical multilayer materials with high and low refractive index and optimizing the predetermined optical responses. The AFM quantify the real thickness and, calibrate the deposition plant, using as an input data for the simulation to evaluate the dispersion index refraction and absorption. The dichroic filters separate the incident radiation into two or more predetermined optical bands. The materials used are deposited using PVD Reactive Magnetron Sputtering, allows to increase the deposition rate, to obtain good homogeneity range of the surface deposited. The set point of deposition which allows to obtain stoichiometric oxides is analyzed with the technique RBS. These optical filters, also called dichroic are applied in the research field of the splitting photovoltaic concentration.
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Xu, Fangwei, and Xiaojian Liu. "Dynamic Texture Design Method Based on Fresnel Optical Principle." In Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications. IOS Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/faia220709.

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To make 3D visual texture effect of surface with bare eye in the plane thickness of micron-level, based on Fresnel optics principle, for conventional free-form surfaces, the continuous surface “collapse” method of reducing the thickness of the Fresnel lens is prone to large areas of visible segmentation planes and the problems that the visual effects of the designed micro-textures are difficult to predict. In this paper, a unit texture construction method is proposed, which differentiates the free-form surface into square mesh cells whose size is smaller than the smallest size that can be recognized by human eyes. The micro-surface in each element is approximately treated as a square column with inclined plane at the top, and the normal vector of the inclined plane is close to the synthetic normal vector of the micro-surface. Then, according to the limit of the design thickness, the inclined plane column is “collapsed” to ensure that one end of the inclined plane touches the bottom, and the height difference of the inclined plane in the unit is less than the designed thickness. Finally, the light source is set for the completed gray image file. The brightness of each point in the image file is inversely proportional to the angle between the point normal vector and the light source, and the visual dynamic rendering effect of the overall scheme simulation is obtained by rotating the light source. The validity of the proposed method and the effectiveness of the simulation results are verified.
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Tchangnwa Nya, Fridolin, and Guy Maurel Dzifack Kenfack. "Thin-Film Solar Cells Performances Optimization: Case of Cu (In, Ga) Se2-ZnS." In Solar Cells [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93817.

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In this chapter, we investigate a way of improving solar cells performances. By focusing studies on optimizing the structural, the opto-electrical and electronic properties of materials that constitute the layers and interfaces of a solar device, such as electrical susceptibility, doping concentration, mobility of charge carriers and crystallographic structure, it is possible to improve the output parameters of a solar cell. Working on a CIGSe-based second-generation ultra-thin solar cell model, and using Zinc Sulfide (ZnS) as a window layer, and based on recent studies, vital information are found on the optimal values of these properties that may enhance the efficiency of the cell. A correct modeling of the device with a trusted software such as SCAPS and an appropriate set of the exact conditions and parameters of simulation allow to obtain very promising results. In particular, for nanoscale and microscale thicknesses of buffer and absorber layers materials respectively, and with an appropriate choice of other materials properties such as intrinsic doping concentration, electrons and holes mobilities, it is possible to record efficiencies and fill factors of more than 26% and 85% respectively. These values are very promising for solar energy harvesting technologies development through CIGSe – ZnS based solar devices.
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Conference papers on the topic "FILM THICKNESS SIMULATION"

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Washizu, Hitoshi, Shuzo Sanda, Shi-Aki Hyodo, Toshihide Ohmori, Noriaki Nishino, and Atsushi Suzuki. "All-Atom Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Submicron Thickness EHL Oil Film." In ASME/STLE 2007 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2007-44179.

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All-atom molecular dynamics simulations of an elastohydrodynamic lubricating oil film have been performed to study the effect of the oil film thickness (large spatial scale; thickness: 430 nm, MD time: 25 ns) and the effect of pressure (long time scale; thickness: 10 nm, MD time: 50 ns, external pressure: 0.1 to 8.0 GPa). Fluid layers of n-hexane are confined between two solid Fe plates by a constant normal force. Traction simulations are performed by applying a relative sliding motion to the Fe plates. In a long spatial scale simulation, the mean traction coefficient was 0.03, which is comparable to the experimental value of 0.02. In a long time scale simulation, a transition of the traction behavior is observed around 0.5 GPa to 1.0 GPa which corresponds to a change from the viscoelastic region to the plastic-elastic region which have been experimentally observed. This phase transition is related to a suppressed fluctuation of the molecular motion.
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Wang, Xinwei, and Cecil Lawrence. "Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Thermal Conductivity of Silicon Films Using Environment-Dependent Interatomic Potential." In ASME 2004 Heat Transfer/Fluids Engineering Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht-fed2004-56725.

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In this work, nonequilibrium molecular dynamics is used to predict the thermal conductivity of nanoscale thin silicon films in the thickness direction. Recently developed environment-dependent interatomic potential for silicon, which offers considerable improvement over the more common Stillinger-Weber potential, is used. Silicon films of various thicknesses are modeled to establish the variation of thermal conductivity with the film thickness. The obtained relationship between the thermal conductivity and the film thickness is compared with the results of the Lattice Boltzmann method, and sound agreement is observed.
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Martini, A., Y. Liu, R. Q. Snurr, and Q. Wang. "Integration of a Molecular Viscosity Model and a Continuum EHL Solution for Simulation of Thin Film Lubrication." In World Tribology Congress III. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wtc2005-63091.

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We present a simulation approach for thin film lubrication that integrates a molecular model of the film thickness-viscosity relationship in thin films with a continuum elastohydrodynamic (EHL) lubricated contact solution. Molecular simulation is used to characterize the effect of film thickness on viscosity in terms of solidification, shear thinning, and oscillation. This relationship is then incorporated into a traditional, continuum EHL solution. Film thickness distributions predicted by this integrated model are evaluated. It is found that the effect of the molecular film thickness-viscosity model is small compared to the increase in viscosity with pressure predicted by the Barus equation.
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Sverdlov, Viktor, Oskar Baumgartner, Thomas Windbacher, Franz Schanovsky, and Siegfried Selberherr. "Thickness Dependence of the Effective Masses in a Strained Thin Silicon Film." In 2009 International Conference on Simulation of Semiconductor Processes and Devices (SISPAD). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sispad.2009.5290252.

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Ji, Pengfei, Mengzhe He, Yiming Rong, Yuwen Zhang, and Yong Tang. "Multiscale Investigation of Thickness Dependent Melting Thresholds of Nickel Film Under Femtosecond Laser Heating." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-86947.

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A multiscale modeling that integrates electronic scale ab initio quantum mechanical calculation, atomic scale molecular dynamics simulation, and continuum scale two-temperature model description of the femtosecond laser processing of nickel film at different thicknesses is carried out in this paper. The electron thermophysical parameters (heat capacity, thermal conductivity, and electron-phonon coupling factor) are calculated from first principles modeling, which are further substituted into molecular dynamics and two-temperature model coupled energy equations of electrons and phonons. The melting thresholds for nickel films of different thicknesses are determined from multiscale simulation. Excellent agreement between results from simulation and experiment is achieved, which demonstrates the validity of modeled multiscale framework and its promising potential to predict more complicate cases of femtosecond laser material processing. When it comes to process nickel film via femtosecond laser, the quantitatively calculated maximum thermal diffusion length provides helpful information on choosing the film thickness.
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Liu, Qi-Xin, Pei-Xue Jiang, and Heng Xiang. "Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Non-Fourier Heat Conduction." In 2007 First International Conference on Integration and Commercialization of Micro and Nanosystems. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnc2007-21151.

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Unsteady heat conduction is known to deviate significantly from Fourier’s law when the system time and length scales are within certain temporal and spatial windows of relaxation. Classical molecular dynamics simulations were used to investigate unsteady heat conduction in argon thin films with a sudden temperature increase at one surface to study the non-Fourier heat conduction effects in argon thin films. The studies were conducted with both pure argon films and films with vacancy defects. The temperature profiles in the argon films showed the wave nature of heat propagation. Comparisons of the MD temperature profiles with the temperature profiles from Fourier’s law conduction show that Fourier’s law is not able to predict the temperature development with the time. Different film thicknesses were also studied to illustrate the variation of the time needed for the films to reach steady-state temperature profiles, which means that the relaxation time varies with film thickness.
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Kakimpa, B., H. P. Morvan, and S. Hibberd. "The Numerical Simulation of Multi-Scale Oil Films Using Coupled VOF and Eulerian Thin-Film Models." In ASME Turbo Expo 2016: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2016-56747.

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This paper presents a coupled ETFM-VOF framework for the numerical simulation of multi-scale thin liquid films. A depth-averaged Eulerian thin-film model (ETFM) is used to simulate the oil flow in very thin-film regions where film thicknesses are below the grid resolution while elsewhere in the domain where grid resolution is sufficient to resolve the film, a traditional Volume-of-Fluid (VOF) approach is retained. The two approaches are coupled through momentum and mass conserving source terms and a transition criterion is introduced where the total liquid volume fraction in each cell is evaluated and either the ETFM or VOF approach used depending on the sufficiency of the local grid resolution. Using this approach, thin-film flows characterised by multiple film thickness scales may be reliably simulated at a relatively lower computational cost. The model builds upon currently available ETFM and VOF approaches to thin-film modelling and represents a novel approach to the numerical simulation of multiphase flows involving a varying range of film thickness scales in space and time. A numerical test case of the 3D rimming flow inside an idealised aero-engine bearing chamber has been used to demonstrate the approach and comparisons made against high resolution VOF solutions.
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Lan, H., M. Friedrich, B. F. Armaly, and J. A. Drallmeier. "Three-Dimensional Shear Driven Thin Liquid Film in a Duct." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-15113.

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Measurements and predictions of three-dimensional shear driven thin liquid films by turbulent air flow in a duct are reported. FLUENT - CFD code is used to perform the numerical simulations and the Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes and continuity equations along with the Volume of Fluid (VOF) model and the realizable k-ε turbulence model are implemented for this task. Film thickness and width are reported as a function of air flow rate, liquid film volume flow rate and surface tension, and a comparison with preliminary measured results is made. The thickness of the shear driven liquid film is measured using an interferometric technique that makes use of the phase shift between the reflection of incident light from the top and bottom surfaces of the thin liquid film. The spatial resolution is determined based on the spot size of the incident light, which for the current configuration of the transmitting optics is approximately 10 microns. The resulting fringe pattern is imaged using a high-speed imaging camera operating at 2000 frames per second. The technique has proved successful in measuring thickness between 100 and 900 microns in these shear driven films. Simulation results reveal that higher gas flow velocity decreases the film thickness but increases its width, while higher liquid film flow rate increases the film thickness and increases its width. Reasonable comparison appears to exist between preliminary measured and simulated results.
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Huang, Zhengxing, Zhenan Tang, Suyuan Bai, and Jun Yu. "Temperature Dependence of Thermal Conductivity of Amorphous and Crystal Thin Film by Molecular Dynamics Simulation." In ASME 2007 5th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2007-30085.

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For crystal materials, thermal conductivity (TC) is proportional to T3 at low temperatures and to T−1 at high temperatures. TCs of most amorphous materials decrease with the decreasing temperatures. If a material is thin film, boundary will influence the TC and then influence the temperature dependence. In this paper, we calculate the TC of crystal and amorphous SiO2 thin films, which is a commonly used material in micro devices and Integrated Circuits, by NEMD simulations. The calculation temperatures are from 100K to 700K and the thicknesses are from 2nm to 8nm. TCs of crystal thin films reach their peak values at different temperatures for different thicknesses. The smaller thickness the larger peak values obtained. But for amorphous thin films, the results show that the temperature dependence of thin films is the same as bulk materials and not relative to their thicknesses. The obtained temperature dependence of the thin films is consistent with some previous measurements and the theory predictions.
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Gada, Vinesh H., and Atul Sharma. "Simulation of Multi-Mode Film Boiling Using Level Set Method." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-11161.

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2D transient multi-mode film boiling simulation of water near critical pressure (p = 0.99pc = 21.9 MPa) on a heated horizontal surface is carried out using an in-house Level Set (LS) method based semi-explicit finite volume method code. The influence of initial vapor film thickness (yo) on the dominant instability mode is evaluated by carrying out simulations on domain having width greater than most dangerous Taylor wavelength i.e. LX = 4λd with y0 = 0.0425λd and 0.125λd at low wall superheat (ΔT = 2K). For lower initial film thickness, the viscous force dominated Rayleigh-Taylor instability is captured and the average bubble spacing is found close to the prediction made using lubrication theory i.e. λP = 2λc = 0.816λd. However, for higher initial film thickness, the inertia force dominated Taylor-Helmholtz mode of instability is found with the average bubble spacing close to λd. Simulations are carried out to check the existence of Rayleigh-Taylor instability on various domain width LX = 2λd, 3λd, 4λd and 6λd at yo = 0.0425λd and ΔT = 2K. The average bubble spacing for all domain widths is found to be less than 2λc indicating that the Rayleigh-Taylor instability is dominant.
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