Journal articles: 'Filler gap dependencies'

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Kohrt, Annika, Trey Sorensen, Peter O'Neill, and Dustin A. Chacón. "Inactive gap formation: An ERP study on the processing of extraction from adjunct clauses." Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America 5, no. 1 (May 17, 2020): 807. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/plsa.v5i1.4775.

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Filler-gap (movement, extraction, displacement) dependencies are processed actively, i.e., comprehenders anticipatorily commit to an interpretation of the sentence before encountering bottom-up evidence. This suggests that comprehenders make structural commitments to how a sentence will unfold shortly after encountering a filler NP. However, the grammaticality of some filler-gap dependencies may depend on semantic and pragmatic features of the sentence that are not typically considered in studies on filler-gap dependencies. One particular case is extraction from adjunct clauses, in which the filler NP may only grammatically be understood as the object of a non-finite adjunct clause if the main verb is an achievement predicate (e.g., What coffee did you arrive [ drinking ]? (Truswell 2011). We present evidence from an EEG study demonstrating that comprehenders do not actively construct filler-gap dependencies in constructions such as these. Instead, they “inactively” build the dependency, only after integrating semantic information about the adjunct clause into the sentence.

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Hawkins, John A. "Processing Complexity and Filler-Gap Dependencies across Grammars." Language 75, no. 2 (June 1999): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/417261.

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Aoshima, Sachiko, Colin Phillips, and Amy Weinberg. "Processing filler-gap dependencies in a head-final language." Journal of Memory and Language 51, no. 1 (July 2004): 23–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2004.03.001.

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Lee, On-Soon. "Processing Filler-Gap Dependencies in Korean How Many-Constructions." Journal of Language Sciences 25, no. 4 (December 31, 2018): 151–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.14384/kals.2018.25.4.151.

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Kluender, Robert, and Marta Kutas. "Bridging the Gap: Evidence from ERPs on the Processing of Unbounded Dependencies." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 5, no. 2 (April 1993): 196–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.1993.5.2.196.

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Since the early days of generative grammar, the study of “unbounded dependencies” such as wh-questions and relative clauses has occupied a central place in both syntactic theory and language processing research. The problem that such constructions pose is as follows. In a normal wh-question, a wh-phrase is typically displaced to the left periphery of a clause (What did you say — to John?); this displaced constituent is often referred to as a “filler.” The vacant position (indicated in the previous example by a blank line) where it would ordinarily occur in an “echo” question (You said what to John?) is correspondingly referred to as a “gap.” Filler and gap are mutually dependent on each other since they share syntactic and semantic information essential for successful sentence interpretation. However, since sentence processing is a sequential operation, a filler cannot be assigned to its gap until some time after it has occurred. In other words, the filler must be held in working memory until such time as filler-gap assignment can take place. The intent of the research reported here was to examine the processing of unbounded dependencies in English as revealed in event-related brain potentials (ERPs). To this end, subjects were shown both grammatical and ungrammatical yes/no-questions (Did you say something to John?) and wh-questions. A number of comparisons made at various points in these questions showed that both the storage of a filler in working memory and its subsequent retrieval for filler-gap assignment were associated with an enhanced negativity between 300 and 500 msec poststimulus over left anterior sites. This effect of left anterior negativity (LAN) was independent of and orthogonal to the grammaticality of the eliciting condition. We show how this interpretation coincides with recent studies that demonstrate a correlation between left anterior negativity, working memory capacity, and successful language processing.

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Chow, Wing-Yee, and Yangzi Zhou. "Eye-tracking evidence for active gap-filling regardless of dependency length." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 72, no. 6 (October 19, 2018): 1297–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747021818804988.

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Previous work on real-time sentence processing has established that comprehenders build and interpret filler-gap dependencies without waiting for unambiguous evidence about the actual location of the gap (“active gap-filling”) as long as such dependencies are grammatically licensed. However, this generalisation was called into question by recent findings in a self-paced reading experiment by Wagers and Phillips, which may be taken to show that comprehenders do not interpret the filler at the posited gap when the dependency spans a longer distance. In the present study, we aimed to replicate these findings in an eye-tracking experiment with better controlled materials and increased statistical power. Crucially, we found clear evidence for active gap-filling across all levels of dependency length. This diverges from Wagers and Phillips’s findings but is in line with the long-standing generalisation that comprehenders build and interpret filler-gap dependencies predictively as long as they are grammatically licensed. We found that the effect became smaller in the long dependency conditions in the post-critical region, which suggests the weaker effect in the long dependency conditions may have been undetected in Wagers and Phillips’s study due to insufficient statistical power and/or the use of a self-paced reading paradigm.

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VAN TRIJP, REMI. "Long-distance dependencies without filler−gaps: a cognitive-functional alternative in Fluid Construction Grammar." Language and Cognition 6, no. 2 (April 7, 2014): 242–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/langcog.2014.8.

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abstractLong-distance dependencies are notoriously difficult to analyze in a formally explicit way because they involve constituents that seem to have been extracted from their canonical position in an utterance. The most widespread solution is to identify a gap at an extraction site and to communicate information about that gap to its filler, as in What_FILLERdid you see_GAP? This paper rejects the filler−gap solution and proposes a cognitive-functional alternative in which long-distance dependencies spontaneously emerge as a side effect of how grammatical constructions interact with each other for expressing different conceptualizations. The proposal is supported by a computational implementation in Fluid Construction Grammar that works for both parsing and production.

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Fadlon, Julie, Adam M. Morgan, Aya Meltzer-Asscher, and Victor S. Ferreira. "It depends: Optionality in the production of filler-gap dependencies." Journal of Memory and Language 106 (June 2019): 40–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2019.02.005.

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Gawron, Jean Mark, and Andrew Kehler. "The Semantics of Respective Readings, Conjunction, and Filler-Gap Dependencies." Linguistics and Philosophy 27, no. 2 (April 2004): 169–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:ling.0000016452.63443.3d.

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Dallas, Andrea, and Edith Kaan. "Second Language Processing of Filler-Gap Dependencies by Late Learners." Language and Linguistics Compass 2, no. 3 (March 28, 2008): 372–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-818x.2008.00056.x.

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Nyvad, Anne Mette, and Ken Ramshøj Christensen. "Recent Advances in Research on Island Phenomena." Languages 8, no. 1 (January 2, 2023): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages8010016.

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Omaki, Akira, and Barbara Schulz. "FILLER-GAP DEPENDENCIES AND ISLAND CONSTRAINTS IN SECOND-LANGUAGE SENTENCE PROCESSING." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 33, no. 4 (November 15, 2011): 563–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263111000313.

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Second-language (L2) sentence processing may differ from processing in a native language in a variety of ways, and it has been argued that one major difference is that L2 learners can only construct shallow representations that lack structural details (e.g., Clahsen & Felser, 2006). The present study challenges this hypothesis by comparing the extent to which advanced L1 Spanish-L2 English learners and English native speakers make use of the relative clause island constraint in constructing filler-gap dependencies. In offline acceptability judgment and online self-paced reading experiments that used stimuli adapted from Traxler and Pickering (1996), both the L2 group and the native-speaker control group demonstrated clear evidence for application of the relative clause island constraint. These findings suggest that advanced L2 learners not only build abstract structural representations but also rapidly constrain the active search for a gap location. These results cast doubt on the proposal that L2 learners are unable to build structural representations with grammatical precision.

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De Vincenzi, Marica. "Filler-gap dependencies in a null subject language: Referential and nonreferential WHs." Journal of Psycholinguistic Research 20, no. 3 (May 1991): 197–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01067215.

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Kim, Euhee, Myungkwan Park, and Wonil Chung. "On Korean English L2ers’ processing of wh-filler-gap dependencies: An ERP study." Language and Information 21, no. 3 (November 30, 2017): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.29403/li.21.3.1.

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Jessen, Anna, and Claudia Felser. "Reanalysing object gaps during non-native sentence processing: Evidence from ERPs." Second Language Research 35, no. 2 (January 20, 2018): 285–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0267658317753030.

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The present study used event related potentials (ERPs) to investigate how native (L1) German-speaking second-language (L2) learners of English process sentences containing filler-gap dependencies such as Bill liked the house (women) that Bob built some ornaments for __ at his workplace. Using an experimental design which allowed us to dissociate filler integration from reanalysis effects, we found that fillers which were implausible as direct objects of the embedded verb (e.g. built the women) elicited similar brain responses (an N400) in L1 and L2 speakers when the verb was encountered. This confirms findings from behavioral and eye-movement studies indicating that both L1 and L2 speakers immediately try to integrate a filler with a potential lexical licensor. L1/L2 differences were observed when subsequent sentence material signaled that the direct-object analysis was in fact incorrect, however. We found reanalysis effects, in the shape of a P600 for sentences containing fillers that were plausible direct objects only for L2 speakers, but not for the L1 group. This supports previous findings suggesting that L2 comprehenders recover from an initially plausible first analysis less easily than L1 speakers.

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Momma, Shota. "Producing filler-gap dependencies: Structural priming evidence for two distinct combinatorial processes in production." Journal of Memory and Language 126 (October 2022): 104349. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2022.104349.

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SUZUKI, TAKAAKI. "A case-marking cue for filler–gap dependencies in children's relative clauses in Japanese." Journal of Child Language 38, no. 5 (February 9, 2011): 1084–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000910000553.

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ABSTRACTObject relative clauses have traditionally been thought to be more difficult than subject relative clauses in child English. However, recent studies as well as Japanese data show contradictory results. This study disclosed preschool children's superior performance on object relative clauses in Japanese; however, this dominance disappeared for the children who could use both the nominative and accusative case markers as cues for the comprehension of single-argument sentences. Assuming a filler–gap dependency for the relative clause formation, we suggest that there is no difference in the difficulty between subject and object relative clauses in the grammar of Japanese-speaking children.

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Ng, Shukhan, and Nicole Y. Y. Wicha. "Processing gap-filler dependencies in Chinese: What does it tell us about semantic processing?" Journal of Memory and Language 74 (July 2014): 16–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2014.04.002.

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Huili, Wang. "A Study of Filler-gap Dependencies and Extractions of English WH-Questions by Chinese English Learners." British Journal of Education, Society & Behavioural Science 4, no. 2 (January 10, 2014): 176–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/bjesbs/2014/6068.

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Dickey, Michael Walsh, and Cynthia K. Thompson. "The resolution and recovery of filler-gap dependencies in aphasia: Evidence from on-line anomaly detection." Brain and Language 88, no. 1 (January 2004): 108–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0093-934x(03)00283-9.

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Gagliardi, Annie, Tara M. Mease, and Jeffrey Lidz. "Discontinuous development in the acquisition of filler-gap dependencies: Evidence from 15- and 20-month-olds." Language Acquisition 23, no. 3 (April 13, 2016): 234–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10489223.2015.1115048.

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BENTEA, ANAMARIA, and STEPHANIE DURRLEMAN. "Not committing has its advantages: facilitating children's comprehension of object filler–gap dependencies is one of them." Journal of Child Language 45, no. 1 (March 23, 2017): 35–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000917000034.

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AbstractTwo studies assess French-speaking children's comprehension of object filler–gap dependencies, with the goal of investigating whether the degree of specificity/set-restriction of the fronted object or the intervening subject modulates comprehension. We tease apart the predictions of various accounts attributing children's difficulties to (i) similarities between the object and the intervening subject (Gordonet al., 2001, 2004), particularly when both constituents share a structural +NP feature (Friedmannet al., 2009); (ii) increased processing cost determined by an operation of set-restriction (Goodluck 2010); and (iii) the tendency to incrementally interpret sentences and the subsequent difficulty in revising an early commitment to an agent/subject-first analysis (Trueswellet al., 1999). Our results support the incremental processing view as they reveal that only a less specific fronted object, but not a less specific intervener, enhances comprehension. This suggests that referentially ambiguous objects alleviate children from an erroneous initial interpretive commitment to an agent/subject-first structure.

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Fernandez, Leigh B., Paul E. Engelhardt, Angela G. Patarroyo, and Shanley EM Allen. "Effects of speech rate on anticipatory eye movements in the visual world paradigm: Evidence from aging, native, and non-native language processing." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 73, no. 12 (August 14, 2020): 2348–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747021820948019.

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Research has shown that suprasegmental cues in conjunction with visual context can lead to anticipatory (or predictive) eye movements. However, the impact of speech rate on anticipatory eye movements has received little empirical attention. The purpose of the current study was twofold. From a methodological perspective, we tested the impact of speech rate on anticipatory eye movements by systemically varying speech rate (3.5, 4.5, 5.5, and 6.0 syllables per second) in the processing of filler-gap dependencies. From a theoretical perspective, we examined two groups thought to show fewer anticipatory eye movements, and thus likely to be more impacted by speech rate. Experiment 1 compared anticipatory eye movements across the lifespan with younger (18–24 years old) and older adults (40–75 years old). Experiment 2 compared L1 speakers of English and L2 speakers of English with an L1 of German. Results showed that all groups made anticipatory eye movements. However, L2 speakers only made anticipatory eye movements at 3.5 syllables per second, older adults at 3.5 and 4.5 syllables per second, and younger adults at speech rates up to 5.5 syllables per second. At the fastest speech rate, all groups showed a marked decrease in anticipatory eye movements. This work highlights (1) the importance of speech rate on anticipatory eye movements, and (2) group-level performance differences in filler-gap prediction.

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CHAVES, RUI P., and JERUEN E. DERY. "Frequency effects in Subject Islands." Journal of Linguistics 55, no. 3 (July 27, 2018): 475–521. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226718000294.

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This work provides evidence that Subject Island violation effects vanish if subject-embedded gaps are made as frequent and pragmatically felicitous as non-island counterpart controls. We argue that Subject Island effects are caused by the fact that subject-embedded gaps are pragmatically unusual – as the informational focus does not usually correspond to a dependant of the subject phrase – and therefore are highly contrary to comprehenders’ expectations about the distribution of filler–gap dependencies (Chaves 2013, Hofmeister, Casasanto & Sag 2013). This not only explains why sentences with subject-embedded gaps often become more acceptable ‘parasitically’, in the presence of a second gap outside the island, but also explains why some Subject Island violations fail to exhibit any amelioration with repetition (Sprouse 2009, Crawford 2011, Goodall 2011); some ameliorate marginally (Snyder 2000, 2017) or moderately (Hiramatsu 2000, Clausen 2011, Chaves & Dery 2014), and others become fully acceptable, as in our case. This conclusion extends to self-paced reading Subject Island studies (Stowe 1986, Kurtzman & Crawford 1991, Pickering, Barton & Shillcock 1994, Phillips 2006), which sometimes find evidence of gap filling and sometimes do not.

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Felser, Claudia, Harald Clahsen, and Thomas F. Münte. "Storage and integration in the processing of filler-gap dependencies: An ERP study of topicalization and wh-movement in German." Brain and Language 87, no. 3 (December 2003): 345–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0093-934x(03)00135-4.

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Dekydtspotter, Laurent, A. Kate Miller, Mike Iverson, Yanyu Xiong, Kyle Swanson, and Charlène Gilbert. "The timing versus resource problem in nonnative sentence processing: Evidence from a time-frequency analysis of anaphora resolution in successive wh-movement in native and nonnative speakers of French." PLOS ONE 18, no. 1 (January 26, 2023): e0275305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275305.

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Nonnative processing has been argued to reflect either reduced processing capacity or delayed timing of structural analysis compared to the extraction of lexical/semantic information. The current study simultaneously investigates timing and resource allocation through a time-frequency analysis of the intrinsic neural activity during syntactic processing in native and English-speaking nonnative speakers of French. It involved structurally constrained anaphora resolution in bi-clausal wh-filler-gap dependencies such as Quelle décision à propos de lui est-ce que Paul a dit que Lydie avait rejetée sans hésitation? ‘Which decision about him did Paul say that Lydie rejected without hesitation?’. We tested the hypothesis that nonnative speakers may allocate greater resources than native speakers to the computation of syntactic representations based on the grammatical specifications encoded in lexical entries, though both native and nonnative processing involves the immediate application of structural constraints. This distinct resource allocation is likely to arise in response to higher activation thresholds for nonnative knowledge acquired after the first language grammar has been fully acquired. To examine this bias in nonnative neurocognitive processing, we manipulated the wh-filler to contain either a lexically specified noun complement such as à propos de lui ‘about him’ or a non-lexcially specified noun phrase modifier such as le concernant ‘concerning him’. We focused on processing at the intermediate gap site, that is, the point of information exchange between the matrix and the embedded clauses by adopting a measurement window corresponding to the bridge verb dit ‘said’ and subordinator que ‘that’ introducing the embedded clause. Our results showed that structural constraints on anaphora produced event-related spectral perturbations at 13-14Hz early into the presentation of the bridge verb across groups. An interaction of structural constraints on anaphora with group was found at 18-19Hz early into the presentation of the bridge verb. In this interaction, the nonnative-speaker activity at 18-19Hz echoed the concurrent general patterns at 13-14Hz, whereas the native-speaker activity revealed distinct power at 18-19Hz and at 13-14Hz. There was no evidence of delay of structural constraints on intermediate gaps with respect to lexical access to the bridge verb and subordinator. However, nonnative speakers’ allocation of power in cell assembly synchronizations of fillers and gaps at the intermediate gap site reflected the grammatical specifications lexically encoded in the fillers.

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RUDANKO, JUHANI. "Watching English grammar change: a case study on complement selection in British and American English." English Language and Linguistics 10, no. 1 (May 2006): 31–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1360674306001791.

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This article traces the complement selection properties of the adjective accustomed from the eighteenth century to the present. The adjective has frequently selected sentential complements, but the study illustrates a major change affecting the form of such complements. In the eighteenth century they were regularly of the to infinitive type, but today they are almost as regularly of the to -ing type. Both syntactic and semantic factors are identified in the article as having an impact on the change. The study also compares the pace of the change in British and American English, arguing that incipient change was discernible in both varieties as early as the nineteenth century. It is argued further that, at the present time, the change has been completed more fully in American English than in British English. This conclusion is reached by considering sentences with extraction or filler–gap dependencies. The data in the article come from large electronic corpora.

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Carroll, Susanne E. "Shallow processing: a consequence of bilingualism or second language learning?" Applied Psycholinguistics 27, no. 1 (January 2006): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716406060061.

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Clahsen and Felser (CF) review ground-breaking work comparing selected types of language processing in monolingual children and adults, on the one hand, and in monolingual first language (L1) adults and adult second language (L2) learners, on the other. They argue that children behave essentially like adults, but that adult L2 learners, even high-proficiency ones, do not. Thus, there is a principled difference to be made among types of learners; there is continuity of mechanism and process to be observed in monolingual development but L2 acquisition exhibits certain fundamental differences. In particular, L2 learners construct shallow syntactic structures (essentially failing to compute trace chains) when processing long-distance filler-gap dependencies. According to the shallow structure hypothesis (SSH), learners immediately interpret incoming words in a minimal semantic representation by assigning thematic roles to argument expressions and associating modifiers to their hosts. They are not mapping detailed and complete syntactic representations onto semantic representations.

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CHAVES, RUI P. "An expectation-based account of subject islands and parasitism." Journal of Linguistics 49, no. 2 (November 9, 2012): 285–327. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226712000357.

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Subject phrases impose particularly strong constraints on extraction. Most research assumes a syntactic account (e.g. Kayne 1983, Chomsky 1986, Rizzi 1990, Lasnik & Saito 1992, Takahashi 1994, Uriagereka 1999), but there are also pragmatic accounts (Erteschik-Shir & Lappin 1979; Van Valin 1986, 1995; Erteschik-Shir 2006, 2007) as well as performance-based approaches (Kluender 2004). In this work I argue that none of these accounts captures the full range of empirical facts, and show that subject and adjunct phrases (phrasal or clausal, finite or otherwise) are by no means impermeable to non-parasitic extraction of nominal, prepositional and adverbial phrases. The present empirical reassessment indicates that the phenomena involving subject and adjunct islands defies the formulation of a general grammatical account. Drawing from insights by Engdahl (1983) and Kluender (2004), I argue that subject island effects have a functional explanation. Independently motivated pragmatic and processing limitations cause subject-internal gaps to be heavily dispreferred, and therefore, extremely infrequent. In turn, this has led to heuristic parsing expectations that preempt subject-internal gaps and therefore speed up processing by pruning the search space of filler–gap dependencies. Such expectations cause processing problems when violated, unless they are dampened by prosodic and pragmatic cues that boost the construction of the correct parse. This account predicts subject islands and their (non-)parasitic exceptions.

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Webelhuth, Gert, and Farrell Ackerman. "A Lexical-Functional Analysis of Predicate Topicalization in German." American Journal of Germanic Linguistics and Literatures 11, no. 1 (1999): 1–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1040820700002456.

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In this paper we examine the topicalization paradigm for ten different verbal constructions in German. We argue that a uniform explanation for the observed behaviors follows from the interpretation of the relevant expressions as (parts of) lexical representations. To this end we motivate a revision of Functional Uncertainty as proposed in Kaplan and Zaenen 1989 to account for filler/gap relations in long-distance dependencies. We assume with the original formulation of this principle that topicalized elements share values with the (grammatical) function status of an entity an indeterminate distance away. We appeal to the inventory of functions posited within LEXICAL-FUNCTIONAL GRAMMAR (LFG), inclusive of the frequently neglected PREDICATE function, which, we argue, is associated with both simple and complex predicates. In addition we show that topicalization, given this function-based proposal, should not be limited to maximal categories. We argue that the need to posit a PREDICATE function for German topicalization is supported by an independent line of research within LFG concerning the analysis of complex predicates. For this purpose we employ the proposals of T. Mohanan (1990/1994), which argue for the independence of the construct PREDICATE from its categorial realization. We show that this type of proposal extends to provide a uniform account of the German topicalization paradigm. This permits us to explain the similarities and differences in the behaviors of various sorts of predicators as well as certain idiomatic expressions interpreted as complex predicates.

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Спиридонов, В., V. Spiridonov, Ю. Новиков, Yu Novikov, Вадим Большаков, and Vadim Bolshakov. "Wires Interweaving Method Influence on Wire Gauze Nets’ Hydraulics." Safety in Technosphere 6, no. 3 (October 17, 2017): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_59d492e369a9f4.42426178.

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In this paper have been analyzed various ways for wire gauze nets’ hydraulics presentation. Have been determined errors emerging when using the Darcy coefficient based on the channel model of nets’ internal structure. It has been proposed to consider all types of wire gauze nets as local resistances whose hydraulics are described by dependence of Euler criterion on Reynolds number, and to use a net cell as characteristic section. Based on analysis of filter gauze nets’ geometrical structure, have been defined analytical dependences for the nets’ cells area calculation allowing determine the nets’ clear gap size. As a result of experimental data processing by the specified technique has been established the influence of net’s wires interweaving type on Lagrange criterion value. The dependence for Lagrange criterion value calculation on porosity of filter serge unilateral nets has been proposed.

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Muñoz, Carlos. "Lo que oculta el silencio:." Saga. Revista de Letras, no. 7 (October 20, 2020): 105–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.35305/sa.vi7.47.

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Este artículo discute la similitud léxico-sintáctica que existe entre el filler y el gap de una dependencia de movimiento en el marco de la Teoria de la Huella y de la Teoría de la Copia. Los datos que se presentan parecen mostrar que la isomorfía filler-gap no es un fenómeno que se deba a operaciones de la sintaxis estricta, sino a principios interpretativos de las interfaces.

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Evingür, Gülşen Akın, Nafia Alara Sağlam, Büşra Çimen, Bengü Özuğur Uysal, and Önder Pekcan. "The WS2 dependence on the elasticity and optical band gap energies of swollen PAAm composites." Journal of Composite Materials 55, no. 1 (July 26, 2020): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998320944210.

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New generation nano-filler polymer composites have many applications including biomedical, electronic and maritime related applications because of their mechanical, electronic and optical properties. The properties of composites were investigated as a function of nano-filler content. Among these, tungsten disulfide (WS2) has the potential to be used as a component in electronic devices owing to its high electron mobility and easily tunable optical band gap energy. Tungsten disulfide (WS2)- Polyacrylamide (PAAm) composite was prepared using free radical co-polymerization and wet laboratory methods with WS2 content. Composites were characterized for mechanical and optical properties using an Elasticity Instrument and UV-vis Spectrophotometer, respectively. Elastic modulus was modeled by a statistical thermodynamics model. Tauc’s and Urbach’s Tail model for direct transition were used to model for the optical band gap. In this study, the swelling and WS2 effect on the optical band gap and elasticity of WS2 - PAAm composites were investigated. It was observed that the elasticity presented a reversed behavior of optical band gap energies with respect to WS2 content. For the applications of nano-filler doped polymer composites in flexible electronic devices, WS2 content strongly influences the mechanical and optical properties.

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Pochernyaev, Vitaly, Nataliia Syvkova, and Mariia Mahomedova. "SWITCH-FILTER ON A RECTANGULAR WAVEGUIDE PARTIALLY FILLED BY DIELECTRIC." Informatyka, Automatyka, Pomiary w Gospodarce i Ochronie Środowiska 12, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/iapgos.3052.

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At article investigates a broadband switch for microwave technology, antenna-feeder paths of which are implemented on a rectangular waveguide partially filled by dielectric. Modern means of communication of the microwave range can operate for transmission through two independent antenna channels, each of which includes its own microwave transmitter. It is also provided the operation of one microwave transmitter for two antennas. The transmission of high-power signals requires the implementation devices based on rectangular waveguide partially filled by dielectric for such antenna-feeder paths. The active element is an open nonlinear structure included in a dielectric plate which located in a rectangular waveguide. The electrodynamic problem is solved by the method of eigenfunctions. In this article, the transfer coefficient T11 and plotted the graphs of the dependence of the electrical length of the waveguide segment with the open nonlinear structure on the value of the reactive conductivity of the inductive loop at fixed reactive conductivity of the open nonlinear structure is determine. The results of this article can be used in the development of broadband switches for mobile digital combined troposcatter-radio relay stations with space-diversity transmission, antenna-feeder paths of which are implemented on the rectangular waveguide partially filled by dielectric. The article developed a filter on waveguide tees partially filled by dielectric. A design based on an H-tee on a rectangular waveguide partially filled by dielectric is proposed. The equivalent circuit of the H-tee is based on the equivalent circuit in the longitudinal slot in the narrow wall of the waveguide. Such a gap interrupts the lines of the transverse surface current of the main quasi-H10 wave of a rectangular waveguide partially filled by dielectric. Numerical results are obtained for transformation ratios.

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Leśny, Jacek, and Monika Panfil. "A gap filling method for active surface heat balance structure." ITM Web of Conferences 23 (2018): 00023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20182300023.

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The paper describes gap filling procedures for active surface heat balance structure data recorded for fields of rape, maize, spring and winter wheat and an apple orchard. The balance components were determined based on the Bowen ratio requiring direct measurements of net radiation, soil heat flux, temperature and water vapour pressure profiles. The latter is used to determine vertical gradients and the Bowen ratio, with sensible and latent heat fluxes calculated from the heat balance equation. Missing data are filled in from regression dependencies between individual balance components at various measurement sites. The regression data set comprised results recorded over 24 h, before the gap in measurements and after 24 h. Multiple regressions were determined from a 48-h measurement set. Regression was applied to establish missing values of net radiation (Rn), soil heat flux (G) and latent heat (LE), while sensible heat was calculated from the active surface heat balance equation. Relatively the greatest differences were found for latent heat and soil fluxes, with both estimated values deviating by 13% from the measured daily average, for net radiation the relative difference was 10% and for sensible heat – 6%. This method successfully filled gaps in measured heat balance data from April to September.

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Makarenko, F., A. Arsent'ev, and Konstantin Zolnikov. "NARROWING OF THE GAAS LED EMISSION SPECTRUM DUE TO THE USE OF THE INP (AG) LIGHT FILTER." Modeling of systems and processes 13, no. 4 (February 16, 2021): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2219-0767-2021-13-4-32-38.

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АЛ115В LED emission spectrum at currents of 6.3 mA and 56 mA, as well as the emission spectrum using an InP (Ag) light filter at current 56 mA, are studied. A classical approximation of the spontaneous emission spectrum of a straight-band LED is presented (without taking into account the narrowing of the band gap due to the high degree of LED doping). The analytical and experimental widths of the LED band gap are estimated. The transmission spectrum of an InP (Ag) light filter is presented, taking into account reflection losses in the region of fundamental transitions. The spectral dependence (fragment) of the InP absorption coefficient is determined. The error is estimated. It is proposed to use АЛ115В with an InP (Ag) light filter in order to narrow the spectral band of radiation from 53 nm to 34 nm.

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Kozachok, Oleh, and Rostyslav Martynyak. "Contact problem for wavy surfaces in the presence of an incompressible liquid and a gas in interface gaps." Mathematics and Mechanics of Solids 24, no. 11 (June 18, 2018): 3381–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1081286518781679.

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This paper presents a study on smooth elastic contact between two semi-infinite elastic bodies, one of which has a wavy surface, for the case when there are an incompressible liquid, not wetting the surfaces of the bodies, at the central region of each interface gap and a gas under constant pressure at the edges of each gap. Due to the surface tension of the liquid, a pressure drop occurs in the liquid and the gas, which is described by the Laplace formula. The formulated contact problem is reduced to a singular integral equation (SIE) with the Hilbert kernel, which is transformed into a SIE with the Cauchy kernel for a derivative of a height of the gaps. A system of transcendental equations for a width of each gap and a width of the gap region filled with the liquid is obtained from the condition of boundedness of the contact stresses at the gap ends and the condition of liquid amount conservation. It is solved numerically, and the dependences of the width and shape of the gaps, the width of the gap regions filled with the liquid and the contact approach of the bodies on the applied load and the surface tension of the liquid are analyzed.

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Wu, Xiaodan, Kathrin Naegeli, Valentina Premier, Carlo Marin, Dujuan Ma, Jingping Wang, and Stefan Wunderle. "Evaluation of snow extent time series derived from Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer global area coverage data (1982–2018) in the Hindu Kush Himalayas." Cryosphere 15, no. 9 (September 7, 2021): 4261–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-4261-2021.

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Abstract. Long-term monitoring of snow cover is crucial for climatic and hydrological studies. The utility of long-term snow-cover products lies in their ability to record the real states of the earth's surface. Although a long-term, consistent snow product derived from the ESA CCI+ (Climate Change Initiative) AVHRR GAC (Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer global area coverage) dataset dating back to the 1980s has been generated and released, its accuracy and consistency have not been extensively evaluated. Here, we extensively validate the AVHRR GAC snow-cover extent dataset for the mountainous Hindu Kush Himalayan (HKH) region due to its high importance for climate change impact and adaptation studies. The sensor-to-sensor consistency was first investigated using a snow dataset based on long-term in situ stations (1982–2013). Also, this includes a study on the dependence of AVHRR snow-cover accuracy related to snow depth. Furthermore, in order to increase the spatial coverage of validation and explore the influences of land-cover type, elevation, slope, aspect, and topographical variability in the accuracy of AVHRR snow extent, a comparison with Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data was included. Finally, the performance of the AVHRR GAC snow-cover dataset was also compared to the MODIS (MOD10A1 V006) product. Our analysis shows an overall accuracy of 94 % in comparison with in situ station data, which is the same with MOD10A1 V006. Using a ±3 d temporal filter caused a slight decrease in accuracy (from 94 % to 92 %). Validation against Landsat TM data over the area with a wide range of conditions (i.e., elevation, topography, and land cover) indicated overall root mean square errors (RMSEs) of about 13.27 % and 16 % and overall biases of about −5.83 % and −7.13 % for the AVHRR GAC raw and gap-filled snow datasets, respectively. It can be concluded that the here validated AVHRR GAC snow-cover climatology is a highly valuable and powerful dataset to assess environmental changes in the HKH region due to its good quality, unique temporal coverage (1982–2019), and inter-sensor/satellite consistency.

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Radovic, Miodrag, Cedomir Maluckov, Slobodan Mitic, and Bratislav Radovanovic. "Two step current increases in glow discharge development in neon filled diode at 4 mbar." Facta universitatis - series: Physics, Chemistry and Technology 5, no. 1 (2007): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fupct0701001r.

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The results are presented of investigating temporal and spatial development of electrical glow discharge in a neon filled tube under 4mbar pressure. Linear increasing voltage (at 5 V/s increasing voltage rate) is applied to the gas diode. Time dependence of 585.2 nm line light emitted from negative glow is observed from various positions in the diode during formation of electrical discharge. The results show that the development of glow discharge starts in the gap, and propagates to the cathode and in the space around and behind the cathode. An unexpected two-step current rise is found. In the stationary regime, most of the emitted light occupied the cathode carrier rod. This indicates the position where the secondary electron emission is intensive. It corresponds to the second step in the current increase app. 3 ms after the breakdown has already taken place. It is assumed that this step originates from different surface characteristics of the rode material. The analysis of time dependencies of the current and light from the negative glow, from different positions in the gas diode, suggests that the observation of deexcitation processes in gas can be used for determination of early discharge formative processes, as well as processes that lead to the stationary regime in the gas diode tube.

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Filip, Cristina, Bertrand Garnier, and Florin Danes. "Effective Conductivity of a Composite in a Primitive Tetragonal Lattice of Highly Conducting Spheres in Resistive Thermal Contact With the Isolating Matrix." Journal of Heat Transfer 129, no. 12 (April 20, 2007): 1617–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2768096.

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A state-of-the-art study and a physical and numerical 3D finite element study of anisotropic conduction through composites filled with isometric inclusions of different conductivity were performed by modeling the longitudinal conduction across a tetragonal lattice of spheres in imperfect contact with the surrounding matrix. In dimensionless variables, the effective conductivity E is expressible as a function of a geometrical parameter B, reflecting the relative thickness of the gap between spheres, the Kapitza resistance C of the contact inclusion/matrix, and the relative resistivity D of the filler. The computation of some 600 E values at some 25 levels of the factors B, C, and D allows one to find some features, such as the leading role of the factor whose value is the highest of three, the low effect of the interactions between factors, the imperfect equivalence of the effects of the three factors, the slow and linear E dependence on the second and third greatest factor, and finally, the asymptotically exact linear relationship between E and the logarithmated sum of factors, with a slope depending only slightly on the relative magnitudes of factors.

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Kaunietis, I., R. Šimkus, V. Laurinavičius, and F. Ivanauskas. "Apparent Parameters of Enzymatic Plate-Gap Electrode." Nonlinear Analysis: Modelling and Control 10, no. 3 (July 25, 2005): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/na.2005.10.3.15120.

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It was suggested that reaction-diffusion conditions in pores of bulk enzymatic electrode resemble particular conditions in thin enzyme filled gap between parallel conducting plates. The plate-gap model of porous enzymatic electrode is based on the diffusion equations containing a nonlinear term related to the Michaelis-Menten kinetics of the enzymatic reaction inside the gap. Steady state current was calculated for the wide range of given values of substrate diffusion coefficient, depth of the gap and substrate concentrations. Simple approximate relationships between “apparent” parameters of amperometric biosensor (maximal currents and apparent Michaelis constants) and given values of diffusion characterising parameters were derived. Association of these dependences with previously reported relationships led to derive approximate formulae that bind apparent parameters with the complete set of given parameters of the plate-gap enzymatic electrode. The limit case of slow diffusion into deep gap was also characterised. In this specific case, the highest numerical values of the apparent parameters were obtained. However, this gain is achievable at the expense of biosensor response time.

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Bessenbacher, Verena, Sonia Isabelle Seneviratne, and Lukas Gudmundsson. "CLIMFILL v0.9: a framework for intelligently gap filling Earth observations." Geoscientific Model Development 15, no. 11 (June 14, 2022): 4569–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-4569-2022.

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Abstract. Remotely sensed Earth observations have many missing values. The abundance and often complex patterns of these missing values can be a barrier for combining different observational datasets and may cause biased estimates of derived statistics. To overcome this, missing values in geoscientific data are regularly infilled with estimates through univariate gap-filling techniques such as spatial or temporal interpolation or by upscaling approaches in which complete donor variables are used to infer missing values. However, these approaches typically do not account for information that may be present in other observed variables that also have missing values. Here we propose CLIMFILL (CLIMate data gap-FILL), a multivariate gap-filling procedure that combines kriging interpolation with a statistical gap-filling method designed to account for the dependence across multiple gappy variables. In a first stage, an initial gap fill is constructed for each variable separately using state-of-the-art spatial interpolation. Subsequently, the initial gap fill for each variable is updated to recover the dependence across variables using an iterative procedure. Estimates for missing values are thus informed by knowledge of neighbouring observations, temporal processes, and dependent observations of other relevant variables. CLIMFILL is tested using gap-free ERA-5 reanalysis data of ground temperature, surface-layer soil moisture, precipitation, and terrestrial water storage to represent central interactions between soil moisture and climate. These variables were matched with corresponding remote sensing observations and masked where the observations have missing values. In this “perfect dataset approach” CLIMFILL can be evaluated against the original, usually not observed part of the data. We show that CLIMFILL successfully recovers the dependence structure among the variables across all land cover types and altitudes, thereby enabling subsequent mechanistic interpretations in the gap-filled dataset. Correlation between original ERA-5 data and gap-filled ERA-5 data is high in many regions, although it shows artefacts of the interpolation procedure in large gaps in high-latitude regions during winter. Bias and noise in gappy satellite-observable data is reduced in most regions. A case study of the European 2003 heatwave shows how CLIMFILL reduces biases in ground temperature and surface-layer soil moisture induced by the missing values. Furthermore, in idealized experiments we see the impact of fraction of missing values and the complexity of missing value patterns to the performance of CLIMFILL, showing that CLIMFILL for most variables operates at the upper limit of what is possible given the high fraction of missing values and the complexity of missingness patterns. Thus, the framework can be a tool for gap filling a large range of remote sensing observations commonly used in climate and environmental research.

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Frolov, V. N., Y. M. Shcherbakov, and Y. A. Skachkov. "Experimental study of plastics hardness." Izvestiya MGTU MAMI 8, no. 2-3 (May 20, 2014): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/2074-0530-67533.

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The experimental studies on hardness of unfilled polycarbonates and also of filled polycarbonate and polyamide in lateral bending mode of the specified cyclic deformation were made. The influence of technological gap on fatigue properties error was found experimentally. There were investigated the dependence of stress on defomations when lateral bending and the possibility of describing it with linear and exponential laws. Hardness limits of plastics deformations and stresses were obtained.

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Reshetnyak, Victor, Igor Pinkevych, Timothy Bunning, and Dean Evans. "Influence of Rugate Filters on the Spectral Manifestation of Tamm Plasmon Polaritons." Materials 14, no. 5 (March 8, 2021): 1282. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14051282.

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This study theoretically investigated light reflection and transmission in a system composed of a thin metal layer (Ag) adjacent to a rugate filter (RF) having a harmonic refractive index profile. Narrow dips in reflectance and peaks in transmittance in the RF band gap were obtained due to the excitation of a Tamm plasmon polariton (TPP) at the Ag–RF interface. It is shown that the spectral position and magnitude of the TPP dips/peaks in the RF band gap depend on the harmonic profile parameters of the RF refractive index, the metal layer thickness, and the external medium refractive index. The obtained dependences for reflectance and transmittance allow selecting parameters of the system which can be optimized for various applications.

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Felser, Claudia, Ian Cunnings, Claire Batterham, and Harald Clahsen. "THE TIMING OF ISLAND EFFECTS IN NONNATIVE SENTENCE PROCESSING." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 34, no. 1 (March 2012): 67–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263111000507.

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Using the eye-movement monitoring technique in two reading comprehension experiments, this study investigated the timing of constraints on wh-dependencies (so-called island constraints) in first- and second-language (L1 and L2) sentence processing. The results show that both L1 and L2 speakers of English are sensitive to extraction islands during processing, suggesting that memory storage limitations affect L1 and L2 comprehenders in essentially the same way. Furthermore, these results show that the timing of island effects in L1 compared to L2 sentence comprehension is affected differently by the type of cue (semantic fit versus filled gaps) signaling whether dependency formation is possible at a potential gap site. Even though L1 English speakers showed immediate sensitivity to filled gaps but not to lack of semantic fit, proficient German-speaking learners of English as a L2 showed the opposite sensitivity pattern. This indicates that initial wh-dependency formation in L2 processing is based on semantic feature matching rather than being structurally mediated as in L1 comprehension.

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Yakovenko, Olena S., Lyudmila Yu Matzui, Ludmila L. Vovchenko, Victor V. Oliynyk, Volodymyr V. Zagorodnii, Sergei V. Trukhanov, and Alex V. Trukhanov. "Electromagnetic Properties of Carbon Nanotube/BaFe12−xGaxO19/Epoxy Composites with Random and Oriented Filler Distributions." Nanomaterials 11, no. 11 (October 28, 2021): 2873. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11112873.

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The microwave properties of epoxy composites filled with 30 wt.% of BaFe12–xGaxO19 (0.1 ≤ x ≤ 1.2) and with 1 wt.% of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were investigated in the frequency range 36–55 GHz. A sufficient increase in the microwave shielding efficiency was found for ternary 1 wt.%CNT/30 wt.% BaFe12–xGaxO19/epoxy composites compared with binary 1% CNT/epoxy and 30 wt.% BaFe12–xGaxO19/epoxy due to the complementary contributions of dielectric and magnetic losses. Thus, the addition of only 1 wt.% of CNTs along with 30 wt.% of barium hexaferrite into epoxy resin increased the frequency range where electromagnetic radiation is intensely attenuated. A correlation between the cation Ga3+ concentration in the BaFe12–xGaxO19 filler and amplitude–frequency characteristics of the natural ferromagnetic resonance (NFMR) in 1 wt.%CNT/30 wt.% BaFe12–xGaxO19/epoxy composites was determined. Higher values of the resonance frequency fres (51.8–52.4 GHz) and weaker dependence of fres on the Ga3+ concentration were observed compared with pressed polycrystalline BaFe12–xGaxO19 (fres = 49.6–50.4 GHz). An increase in the NFMR amplitude on the applied magnetic field for both random and aligned 1 wt.% CNT/30 wt.% BaFe12–xGaxO19/epoxy composites was found. The frequency of NFMR was approximately constant in the range of the applied magnetic field, H = 0–5 kOe, for the random 1 wt.% CNT/30 wt.% BaFe12–xGaxO19/epoxy composite, and it slightly increased for the aligned 1 wt.% CNT/30 wt.% BaFe12–xGaxO19/epoxy composite.

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Nowacki, Jerzy. "Structure and Stresses of Large Size Brazed Joints of Cermets and Steel." Advanced Materials Research 445 (January 2012): 783–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.445.783.

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Stresses in brazing joints of different differed in properties were appraised as a result of technological experiments and FEM analysis. Evaluation of microstructure and mechanical properties of large dimensional vacuum brazed joints of Ferro Titanit Nicro 128 sinters and precipitation hardened stainless steel of X5CrNiMoCuNb14-5 using copper as the brazing filler metal. Structure of the joint was described. Shear strength Rt and tensile strength Rm of the joints have been defined. It have been state, that the basic factors decreasing quality of the joint, which can occur during vacuum brazing of the Ferro Titanit Nicro 128 sinter Cu brazing filler metal steel joints are diffusive processes leading to exchange of the cermets and brazing filler metal elements and creation of intermetallic in the joint. It can have an unfavourable influence on ductility and quality of the joint. The effect of joint geometry structure on stresses and deformations as well as on the process of plate cracking has been determined. Results of numerical calculations of three-dimensional models of brazed joints for different sizes of surfaces brazed at a constant width of solder gap are presented. Results of the investigate proved that joints microstructure and mechanical properties depend on filler and parent materials, diffusion process during brazing, leading to exchange of the cermets components and filler metal as well as joint geometry. The thickness of the joints has an essential influence on the values of the local stress and the significant influence on the joint rigidity. In a case of the considered joints the values of the local stress differences have been considerable in dependence of a fixed load manner.

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Lou, Pengcheng, Chao Tang, Qingshan Niu, Yuanhao He, and Ben-Xin Wang. "Multiple-band terahertz filter device using coupling effect of two nest metallic split-ring resonators." Modern Physics Letters B 34, no. 21 (May 16, 2020): 2050211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984920502115.

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Multiple-band terahertz filter device consisting of two different-sized metallic split rings with the nested design method is proposed and investigated in this paper. Five separated filtering resonant dips having different resonance amplitudes and quality factors are gained, which are mainly attributed to the hybrid coupling effect between the two nested split-ring resonators. More importantly, the resonance features of the five filtering dips show a significant dependence on the designed parameters, especially the gap between two nested split rings. The multiple-band filtering resonance device given here can open up new avenues to control terahertz waves in many technology-related fields.

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Kurdzo, James M., Emily F. Joback, Pierre-Emmanuel Kirstetter, and John Y. N. Cho. "Geospatial QPE Accuracy Dependence on Weather Radar Network Configurations." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 59, no. 11 (November 2020): 1773–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-19-0164.1.

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AbstractThe relatively low density of weather radar networks can lead to low-altitude coverage gaps. As existing networks are evaluated for gap fillers and new networks are designed, the benefits of low-altitude coverage must be assessed quantitatively. This study takes a regression approach to modeling quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE) differences based on network density, antenna aperture, and polarimetric bias. Thousands of cases from the warm-season months of May–August 2015–17 are processed using both the specific attenuation [R(A)] and reflectivity–differential reflectivity [R(Z, ZDR)] QPE methods and are compared with Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS) rain gauge data. QPE errors are quantified on the basis of beam height, cross-radial resolution, added polarimetric bias, and observed rainfall rate. The collected data are used to construct a support vector machine regression model that is applied to the current WSR-88D network for holistic error quantification. An analysis of the effects of polarimetric bias on flash-flood rainfall rates is presented. Rainfall rates that are based on 2-yr/1-h return rates are used for a contiguous-U.S.-wide analysis of QPE errors in extreme rainfall situations. These errors are then requantified using previously proposed network design scenarios with additional radars that provide enhanced estimate capabilities. Last, a gap-filling scenario utilizing the QPE error model, flash-flood rainfall rates, population density, and potential additional WSR-88D sites is presented, exposing the highest-benefit coverage holes in augmenting the WSR-88D network (or a future network) relative to QPE performance.

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Tverda, Oksana, Olena Kofanova, Mykola Repin, Oleksii Kofanov, Kostiantyn Tkachuk, Nelya Guts, and Edgar Cabana. "A resource efficient and environmentally safe charge structure for mining in an open-pit." Mining of Mineral Deposits 15, no. 4 (December 2021): 84–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/mining15.04.084.

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Purpose. The purpose is to reduce mineral losses during the explosive destruction of rocks and environmental pollution by harmful gases and fine particulate matter. Methods. To achieve the objectives of the study, methods of physicochemical analysis and mechanics of continuous media have been used. The method of physico-chemical analysis has been used to determine the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the composition of the well stemming depending on the parameters of the well, the type of explosive, the amount and type of harmful gases formed during the explosion. Methods of solid medium mechanics have been used to establish the patterns of pressure waves during an explosion depending on the characteristics of the gap filler between the charge and the well wall. To solve the problem of the behavior of a two-layer medium during the loading of a cylindrical cavity by a nonstationary load, a numerical method based on the finite-difference McCormack predictor-corrector scheme has been used. Findings. A resource-saving and environmentally friendly charge structure for rock mining by explosion was developed. The design of the charge involves the formation of a gap between the charge and the wall of the borehole, and filling it with a suspension of calcium hydroxide or a suspension of calcium carbonate. Originality. SThe dependences of the volume of harmful gases (NO2, CO2, CO) formed during the explosive destruction of rocks and the magnitude of the pressure peak in the area close to the charge on the chemical composition of the filler of the radial gap between the charge and the well wall have been set. Practical implications. Developed charge design allows to neutralize the harmful gases formed during the explosion, to reduce the pressure peak in the area of the rock massif close to the charge, and can be widely used in non-metallic quarries that extract minerals for the production of crushed stone.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Filler gap dependencies'

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