Relevant bibliographies by topics / Filler gap dependencies

Academic literature on the topic 'Filler gap dependencies'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Filler gap dependencies"

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Kohrt, Annika, Trey Sorensen, Peter O'Neill, and Dustin A. Chacón. "Inactive gap formation: An ERP study on the processing of extraction from adjunct clauses." Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America 5, no. 1 (May 17, 2020): 807. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/plsa.v5i1.4775.

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Filler-gap (movement, extraction, displacement) dependencies are processed actively, i.e., comprehenders anticipatorily commit to an interpretation of the sentence before encountering bottom-up evidence. This suggests that comprehenders make structural commitments to how a sentence will unfold shortly after encountering a filler NP. However, the grammaticality of some filler-gap dependencies may depend on semantic and pragmatic features of the sentence that are not typically considered in studies on filler-gap dependencies. One particular case is extraction from adjunct clauses, in which the filler NP may only grammatically be understood as the object of a non-finite adjunct clause if the main verb is an achievement predicate (e.g., What coffee did you arrive [ drinking ]? (Truswell 2011). We present evidence from an EEG study demonstrating that comprehenders do not actively construct filler-gap dependencies in constructions such as these. Instead, they “inactively” build the dependency, only after integrating semantic information about the adjunct clause into the sentence.
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Hawkins, John A. "Processing Complexity and Filler-Gap Dependencies across Grammars." Language 75, no. 2 (June 1999): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/417261.

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Aoshima, Sachiko, Colin Phillips, and Amy Weinberg. "Processing filler-gap dependencies in a head-final language." Journal of Memory and Language 51, no. 1 (July 2004): 23–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2004.03.001.

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Lee, On-Soon. "Processing Filler-Gap Dependencies in Korean How Many-Constructions." Journal of Language Sciences 25, no. 4 (December 31, 2018): 151–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.14384/kals.2018.25.4.151.

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Kluender, Robert, and Marta Kutas. "Bridging the Gap: Evidence from ERPs on the Processing of Unbounded Dependencies." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 5, no. 2 (April 1993): 196–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.1993.5.2.196.

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Since the early days of generative grammar, the study of “unbounded dependencies” such as wh-questions and relative clauses has occupied a central place in both syntactic theory and language processing research. The problem that such constructions pose is as follows. In a normal wh-question, a wh-phrase is typically displaced to the left periphery of a clause (What did you say — to John?); this displaced constituent is often referred to as a “filler.” The vacant position (indicated in the previous example by a blank line) where it would ordinarily occur in an “echo” question (You said what to John?) is correspondingly referred to as a “gap.” Filler and gap are mutually dependent on each other since they share syntactic and semantic information essential for successful sentence interpretation. However, since sentence processing is a sequential operation, a filler cannot be assigned to its gap until some time after it has occurred. In other words, the filler must be held in working memory until such time as filler-gap assignment can take place. The intent of the research reported here was to examine the processing of unbounded dependencies in English as revealed in event-related brain potentials (ERPs). To this end, subjects were shown both grammatical and ungrammatical yes/no-questions (Did you say something to John?) and wh-questions. A number of comparisons made at various points in these questions showed that both the storage of a filler in working memory and its subsequent retrieval for filler-gap assignment were associated with an enhanced negativity between 300 and 500 msec poststimulus over left anterior sites. This effect of left anterior negativity (LAN) was independent of and orthogonal to the grammaticality of the eliciting condition. We show how this interpretation coincides with recent studies that demonstrate a correlation between left anterior negativity, working memory capacity, and successful language processing.
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Chow, Wing-Yee, and Yangzi Zhou. "Eye-tracking evidence for active gap-filling regardless of dependency length." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 72, no. 6 (October 19, 2018): 1297–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747021818804988.

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Previous work on real-time sentence processing has established that comprehenders build and interpret filler-gap dependencies without waiting for unambiguous evidence about the actual location of the gap (“active gap-filling”) as long as such dependencies are grammatically licensed. However, this generalisation was called into question by recent findings in a self-paced reading experiment by Wagers and Phillips, which may be taken to show that comprehenders do not interpret the filler at the posited gap when the dependency spans a longer distance. In the present study, we aimed to replicate these findings in an eye-tracking experiment with better controlled materials and increased statistical power. Crucially, we found clear evidence for active gap-filling across all levels of dependency length. This diverges from Wagers and Phillips’s findings but is in line with the long-standing generalisation that comprehenders build and interpret filler-gap dependencies predictively as long as they are grammatically licensed. We found that the effect became smaller in the long dependency conditions in the post-critical region, which suggests the weaker effect in the long dependency conditions may have been undetected in Wagers and Phillips’s study due to insufficient statistical power and/or the use of a self-paced reading paradigm.
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VAN TRIJP, REMI. "Long-distance dependencies without filler−gaps: a cognitive-functional alternative in Fluid Construction Grammar." Language and Cognition 6, no. 2 (April 7, 2014): 242–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/langcog.2014.8.

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abstractLong-distance dependencies are notoriously difficult to analyze in a formally explicit way because they involve constituents that seem to have been extracted from their canonical position in an utterance. The most widespread solution is to identify a gap at an extraction site and to communicate information about that gap to its filler, as in What_FILLERdid you see_GAP? This paper rejects the filler−gap solution and proposes a cognitive-functional alternative in which long-distance dependencies spontaneously emerge as a side effect of how grammatical constructions interact with each other for expressing different conceptualizations. The proposal is supported by a computational implementation in Fluid Construction Grammar that works for both parsing and production.
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Fadlon, Julie, Adam M. Morgan, Aya Meltzer-Asscher, and Victor S. Ferreira. "It depends: Optionality in the production of filler-gap dependencies." Journal of Memory and Language 106 (June 2019): 40–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2019.02.005.

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Gawron, Jean Mark, and Andrew Kehler. "The Semantics of Respective Readings, Conjunction, and Filler-Gap Dependencies." Linguistics and Philosophy 27, no. 2 (April 2004): 169–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:ling.0000016452.63443.3d.

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Dallas, Andrea, and Edith Kaan. "Second Language Processing of Filler-Gap Dependencies by Late Learners." Language and Linguistics Compass 2, no. 3 (March 28, 2008): 372–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-818x.2008.00056.x.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Filler gap dependencies"

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Nakamura, Michiko. "Processing of multiple filler-gap dependencies in Japanese." Thesis, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2003. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=764748181&SrchMode=1&sid=1&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1233163310&clientId=23440.

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Books on the topic "Filler gap dependencies"

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Chaves, Rui P., and Michael T. Putnam. Unbounded Dependency Constructions. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198784999.001.0001.

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This book is about one of the most intriguing features of human communication systems: the fact that words which go together in meaning can occur arbitrarily far away from each other. The kind of long-distance dependency that this volume is concerned with has been the subject of intense linguistic and psycholinguistic research for the last half century, and offers a unique insight into the nature of grammatical structures and their interaction with cognition. The constructions in which these unbounded dependencies arise are difficult to model and come with a rather puzzling array of constraints which have defied characterization and a proper explanation. For example, there are filler-gap dependencies in which the filler phrase is a plural phrase formed from the combination of each of the extracted phrases, and there are filler-gap constructions in which the filler phrase itself contains a gap that is linked to another filler phrase. What is more, different types of filler-gap dependency can compound, in the same sentence. Conversely, not all kinds of filler-gap dependencies are equally licit; some are robustly ruled out by the grammar whereas others have a less clear status because they have graded acceptability and can be made to improve in ideal contexts and conditions. This work provides a detailed survey of these linguistic phenomena and extant accounts, while also incorporating new experimental evidence to shed light on why the phenomena are the way they are and what important research on this topic lies ahead.
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Charles, Parkinson. Bills of Rights and Decolonization. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199231935.001.0001.

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This book analyzes the British Government's radical change in policy during the late 1950s on the use of bills of rights in colonial territories nearing independence. More broadly it explores the political dimensions of securing the protection of human rights at independence and the peaceful transfer of power through constitutional means. This book fills a major gap in the literature on British and Commonwealth law, history, and politics by documenting how bills of rights became commonplace in Britain' s former overseas territories. It provides a detailed empirical account of the origins of the bills of rights in Britain's former colonial territories in Africa, the West Indies, and South East Asia as well as in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. It sheds light on the development of legal systems at the point of gaining independence and raises questions about the colonial influence on the British legal establishment's change in attitude towards bills of rights in the late 20th century. It presents an alternative perspective on the end of Empire by focusing upon one aspect of constitutional decolonization and the importance of the local legal culture in determining each dependency's constitutional settlement and provides a series of empirical case studies on the incorporation of human rights instruments into domestic constitutions when negotiated between a state and its dependencies. More generally, this book highlights Britain's human rights legacy to its former Empire, and traces the genesis of the bills of rights of over thirty nations from the Commonwealth.
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Santibañez Gruber, Rosa Maria, and Antonia Caro González, eds. DEUSTO Social Impact Briefings No. 4 (2019). University of Deusto, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18543/dsib-4(2020).

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This fourth edition of the DSIB presents the main results of the research carried out under four broad-based projects jointly developed by researchers and actors involved in topics of great social relevance such as responsible gambling, Cooperative-Intelligent transport Systems, gender dimension of alcohol addiction and support and care for victims of trafficking for sexual exploitation. This issue comprises the following four briefings: 1. What would sports betting advertising be like if it were handled more responsibly? will analyse the structure of sports betting advertising, in an attempt to understand whether such advertising could become a public health issue. This briefing examines different works that have led to scientific publications and presents their main conclusions as well as the major recommendations for gambling companies and regulators. 2. How can artificial intelligence reduce road traffic accidents and prevent congestion? This briefing seeks to present the benefits of the TIMON system for optimising traffic management and urban transport network operations in cities, directly supporting transport managers in their decision-making processes for transport operations. 3. Gender inequalities in matters of drug addiction: how does alcoholism really affect women? aims to study the phenomenon of drug dependence from a gender perspective. This involves identifying what kind of socio-cultural and psychological representations are involved in women, according to their gender role, so that they develop a series of risk factors for them, both for the beginning of consumption and in its continuity. In addition, the research team proposes guidelines for a specialized care for women in this area, in order to increase the effectiveness of required interventions. 4. Key points for supporting and accompanying victims and survivors of human trafficking for sexual exploitation is intended as a working document for specialists involved in the prevention and detection of cases and in support and care for victims. It seeks to fill the current gaps and meet the needs of women victims of trafficking providing a better response to their situations.
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Book chapters on the topic "Filler gap dependencies"

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Farke, Hildegard. "Zur Verarbeitung von filler-gap dependencies." In Grammatik und Sprachverarbeitung, 144–64. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-90241-2_6.

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Rastelli, Stefano, and Arianna Zuanazzi. "Different effects of syntactic knowledge, associative memory and working memory in L2 processing of filler-gap dependencies." In Romance Languages and Linguistic Theory, 67–82. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/rllt.8.05ras.

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Hsu, Chun-Chieh, and Jenn-Yeu Chen. "How linear distance and structural distance affect the processing of gap-filler dependencies in head-final relative clauses." In Studies in Chinese Language and Discourse, 247–70. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/scld.2.12hsu.

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"Filler–gap dependencies and relativization." In Analyzing Syntax, 165–91. Cambridge University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511801693.008.

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Chaves, Rui P., and Michael T. Putnam. "Movement-based approaches." In Unbounded Dependency Constructions, 122–55. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198784999.003.0004.

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This chapter discusses how the Minimalist Program (MP) strives to model unbounded dependency constructions and island constraints, and discusses the empirical, theoretical and cognitive status of syntactic displacement (movement), as formalized in terms of Internal Merge. At the present time, modelling filler-gap dependencies via movement faces significant theoretical and empirical issues. There is no parsimonious account of successive cyclic movement in the MP because of the Triggering Problem, nor of convergent and cumulative filler-gap dependencies. Other problems concern island phenomena, which have been argued to follow from core architectural economy constraints, but which make incorrect predictions not only about islands, but also about unbounded dependency constructions more generally. Finally, the MP has also been difficult to reconcile with extant psycholinguistic evidence about language processing. All recent attempts to make the MP consistent with incremental sentence processing adopt phrase-structural information, and abandon movement altogether.
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Chaves, Rui P., and Michael T. Putnam. "Extraction types." In Unbounded Dependency Constructions, 18–48. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198784999.003.0002.

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This chapter provides a descriptive introduction to unbounded dependency constructions, and to the range of filler-gap dependency patterns they allow. These are two very different topics. The former concerns the repertoire of syntactic constructions in which extraction takes place, and their grammatical idiosyncrasies, whereas the latter concerns the types of interaction between fillers and gaps. We survey of the various kinds of interrogative, declarative, and subordinate UDCs that exist in English. The resulting picture is one of astonishing richness and complexity. There are three major families of UDCs which sub-divide into smaller families, each with their peculiar syntactic, pragmatic and phonological similarities, as well as their idiosyncrasies. Such idiosyncratic meaning and structure must be stipulated somewhere in the grammar, regardless of which theory one adopts. The chapter next focuses on the nature of the linkage between fillers and gaps, and shows that these can interweave and create complex dependencies, beyond what is recognized in the literature.
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Chaves, Rui P., and Michael T. Putnam. "Introduction." In Unbounded Dependency Constructions, 1–17. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198784999.003.0001.

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This chapter introduces the phenomena that will be discussed in the remainder of the book, discusses how these are modelled in a variety of frameworks, and how human beings process such filler-gap dependencies. The chapter concludes with five overarching questions, each of which is the topic of subsequent chapters: (1) What is the possible range of filler-gap dependency types? In particular, what patterns arise when there are multiple gaps?; (2) Is there a common constraint at work in most or all island phenomena?; (3) What are the advantages or disadvantages of movement-based versus non-movement-based approaches? (4) How can a theory of grammar account for the fact that some (but not other) island violations have gradient acceptability, are prone to frequency effects, and are sensitive to contextual information? (5) How can unbounded dependency constructions be learned by speakers? Does the evidence favor nativist approaches or domain-general experience-based approaches?
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Hunter, Tim. "Left-corner parsing of minimalist grammars." In Minimalist Parsing, 125–58. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198795087.003.0006.

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Much recent research in experimental psycholinguistics revolves around the resolution of long-distance dependencies, and the manner in which the human sentence processor “retrieves’” elements from earlier in a sentence that must be related in some way to the material currently being processed. At present there is no obvious way for the issues raised by this research to be framed in terms of an MG parser. Stabler’s 2013 top-down MG parser does not involve any corresponding notion of “retrieval’”: it requires that a phrase’s position in the derivation tree be completely identified before the phrase can be scanned, which means that a filler cannot be scanned without committing to a particular location for its corresponding gap. This chapter attempts to develop a parsing algorithm that is inspired by Stabler, but which allows a sentence-initial filler to be scanned immediately while delaying the choice of corresponding gap position.
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Chaves, Rui P., and Michael T. Putnam. "The acquisition of UDCs." In Unbounded Dependency Constructions, 241–56. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198784999.003.0007.

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This chapter focuses on behavioral evidence concerning acquisition of unbounded dependency constructions and island phenomena. It provides a general overview of their acquisitional trajectory in normal developing L1, focusing on the emergence of filler-gap dependencies from one-word constructions to multi-clausal constructions, as well as island effects. The chapter argues that the gradual and frequency-based developmental evidence is consistent with an exemplar-based approach that contains rich morphosyntactic, semantic, and pragmatic information along the lines of the empiricist perspective. In particular, the extant evidence supports a usage-based view in which the growth of a grammar proceeds from simple units to more complex ones, exploiting the frequency of simple as well as complex exemplars. The chapter concludes by describing a exemplar- and chunk-based account of grammar development, composed of rich information that is probabilistic in nature, and shaped by experience.
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Chaves, Rui P., and Michael T. Putnam. "Extraction constraints." In Unbounded Dependency Constructions, 49–121. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198784999.003.0003.

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This chapter offers a detailed survey of the constraints that restrict filler-gap dependencies (island constraints), and argues that there are several different kinds of island constraints, due to different combinations of independently motivated factors. Most importantly, it argues that most islands are not cross-constructionally active. That is, most island phenomena are restricted to certain kinds of unbounded dependency constructions (e.g. interrogatives, or relative clauses). In particular, several island types are primarily caused by drawing the hearer’s attention to a fronted referent that is not at-issue, and is of little consequence to what the utterance convey. Such an account emerges naturally from the observation that not all propositions express equally likely states of affairs and that different constructions come with different biases with respect to how information structure is packaged, and consequently, to which referents it is pragmatically licit to single out. The chapter concludes with a discussion of resumption and supposed island effects in other types of construction.
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Conference papers on the topic "Filler gap dependencies"

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Wilcox, Ethan, Roger Levy, Takashi Morita, and Richard Futrell. "What do RNN Language Models Learn about Filler–Gap Dependencies?" In Proceedings of the 2018 EMNLP Workshop BlackboxNLP: Analyzing and Interpreting Neural Networks for NLP. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/w18-5423.

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Cagna, M., and M. Boehle. "Application of CFD Methods for the Simulation of the Flow Through a Filter in Dependency of the Operating Time." In ASME 2002 Joint U.S.-European Fluids Engineering Division Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2002-31101.

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Filters are playing an important role in process engineering, chemical engineering as well as in many machineries like gas turbines, air conditioners or cars. At present it is possible to calculate the flow through a filter and predict the average pressure loss of the flow for the initial state of the filter medium. In the present paper a pragmatic procedure is introduced, which makes it possible to consider the deposition of dust onto the filter and the influence on the flow implied with it. For the application of the method the commercial CFD-Code FLUENT is used. The reasonability of the concept is shown by regarding the characteristic time scales of the flow and the dust deposition. The method is used to simulate the flow through a filter within a quadratic tube in dependence of the operating time.
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Mamontov, Y., G. Mesyats, K. Sharypov, V. Shpak, S. Shunailov, M. Yalandin, N. Zubarev, and O. Zubareva. "Runaway electrons in an air gap in the presence of a magnetic field." In 8th International Congress on Energy Fluxes and Radiation Effects. Crossref, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56761/efre2022.s5-o-019701.

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The divergence of the runaway electron flow generated in an air-filled discharge gap with a sharp conical cathode can be essentially reduced by applying a guiding axial magnetic field, which opens up prospects for the practical use of formed dense paraxial bunches of fast electrons. In the present work, we consider factors that determine the radial scale of the bunch. Our analysis shows that the main factor is the diffusion of electrons across the magnetic field lines due to collisions with gas molecules. Calculations of the dependence of the runaway electron beam radius on the magnitude of the applied magnetic field, taking this phenomenon into account, agree with the experimental data.
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Chen, Jiaxin, Ian G. C. Ashton, and Ajit C. Pillai. "Wave Record Gap-Filling Using a Low-Rank Tensor Completion Model." In ASME 2022 41st International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2022-79897.

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Abstract The offshore wind farm industry has identified further refinement of marine operations as necessary to realize the lower strike prices seen in recent subsidy auctions. This requires extending working times by taking advantage of weather windows, even when operating in more remote sites. Key to this will be increasing the accuracy of forecasts and live metocean data from site for effective and safe operation scheduling. In recent years, statistical models or deep learning-based models, by learning spatial and temporal patterns in observations have shown their potential to support or even partly replace numerical weather modelling to provide accurate forecasts. The present paper implements a machine learning approach utilizing a nonconvex low-rank tensor completion considering truncated nuclear norm algorithm (LRTC-TNN) which can characterize the spatial and temporal dependencies rooted in the data to fill gaps in measurement data from wave buoys. The performance is assessed by manually masking valid data thereby introducing three types of missing entries. The proposed method is shown to successfully fill datasets missing up to 20% of the data with R2 values exceeding 0.9. The results are also compared against other intuitive methods including linear interpolation, cubic spline interpolation, and mean historical. Compared to these, the present method is shown to have more reasonable trends. Finally, sensitivity considering the ratio of missing data, the type of missing data, and two hyper-parameters of the algorithm were compared to characterize their impacts on the results and advise potential improvements. This work demonstrates multivariate time series gap-filling with arbitrary missing ratio and sensor availability that can be extended and deployed to sensor networks for possible forecasting applications.
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Wu, Jiongyang, Wei Shyy, and Stein T. Johansen. "Filter-Based Unsteady RANS Computations for Single-Phase and Cavitating Flows." In ASME 2004 Heat Transfer/Fluids Engineering Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht-fed2004-56181.

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The widely used Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) approach, such as the k-ε two-equation model, has been found to over-predict the eddy viscosity and can dampen out the time dependent fluid dynamics in both single- and two-phase flows. To improve the predictive capability of this type of engineering turbulence closures, a consistent method is offered to bridge the gap between DNS, LES and RANS models. Based on the filter size, conditional averaging is adopted for the Navier-Stokes equation to introduce one more parameter into the definition of the eddy viscosity. Both time-dependent single-phase and cavitating flows are simulated by a pressure-based method and finite volume approach in the framework of the Favre-averaged equations coupled with the new turbulence model. The impact of the filter-based concept, including the filter size and grid dependencies, is investigated using the standard k-ε model and with the available experimental information.
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Kamiya, Nobuo, Mitsuru Asai, Akinobu Bessho, and Shigetaka Wada. "Determination of Fracture Origin in Ceramic Radial Rotor by Taking Photographs at Failure From Two or Three Directions." In ASME 1990 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/90-gt-383.

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A technique involving taking moment photographs from two or three directions at failure of ceramic radial rotor was developed to determine the position of fracture origin of the radial rotor revolving at a high speed. The position of the fracture origin of the silicon nitride radial rotor, 60mm in outer diameter and fabricated by injection molding, was demonstrated to be the fillet at the base of the shaft subjected to high stress. Furthermore, the dependence of cracking modes of rotors on the position of fracture origin was demonstrated using ceramic rotors with artificial flaws.
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de Jongh, F. M., and P. G. Morton. "The Synchronous Instability of a Compressor Rotor due to Bearing Journal Differential Heating." In ASME 1994 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/94-gt-035.

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The paper describes a synchronous vibration instability problem encountered on a centrifugal compressor with oil lubricated bearings. The problem was solved by modification of the compressor rotor, however the root cause was not completely understood at that time. A possible explanation was based on a theory which suggested differential heating of the bearing journals. It was decided to verify ibis theory by experiments. Therefore a test rotor was designed with identical rotor dynamic characteristics to those of the compressor rotor. In order to fill a gap in the published research on bearing thermohydrodynamics an experimental technique was devised to measure the surface temperature variations around one of the journals of this rotor. The dependence of significant temperature differentials across the journal upon its orbit was confirmed.
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Pylypenko, Anton, Yevgenii Rastigejev, Lijun Wang, and Abolghasem Shahbazi. "Experimental and Numerical Study of Cold Gas-Solid Flow Regimes in a Fluidized Bed Gasifier." In ASME 2017 Power Conference Joint With ICOPE-17 collocated with the ASME 2017 11th International Conference on Energy Sustainability, the ASME 2017 15th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology, and the ASME 2017 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power-icope2017-3263.

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The objective of this work is to analyze the dynamics and regimes of cold gas-solid flow in a biomass gasifier that is built at North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University and to identify its corresponding ranges of operating conditions. The value of the minimum fluidization velocity Umf ≈ 8 cm/s has been found experimentally in a series of measurements of a pressure drop in the fluidized bed filled with Gledart type-B silica sand for the range of superficial gas velocities between 0 and 40 cm/s. To complement the experimental results, a set of three-dimensional numerical simulations of the isothermal gas-solid flow based on Eulerian-Eulerian approach has been performed. The analysis of the fluidization characteristics such as axial void fraction distributions has allowed us to evaluate the dependence of the bed expansion ratios from the flow superficial velocity. Good agreement between experimental and numerical results for the considered operating conditions of the gasifier has been observed.
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Širovnik, Nuša, and Igor Vrečko. "Agile Project Management as a Multi-Level Resilience Antecedent." In Challenges in Economics and Business in the Post-COVID Times. University of Maribor Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/um.epf.5.2022.29.

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The goal of this paper is to introduce evidence that an agile approach to project management could be a source of resilience at the individual, team and organisational levels in the current projectified environment. This article is designed as a review paper. The authors first discuss the trends and recent findings in projectification and then in resilience. In the continuation, the authors highlight the connections between these areas, which to date have not been widely discussed in existing literature, as well as where agile project management could be of great importance. Dependencies between projectification, resilience and agile project management are evident. Agile project management could be considered as an antecedent for multi-level resilience, however, empirical evidence supporting this claim does not yet exist, therefore the issue should be further investigated. Enough evidence has been collected to understand that it would be worth further investigating the dependencies between these concepts, as there is an opportunity to fill some gaps in existing academic knowledge and also create a hands-on practical contribution for contemporary organisations
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10

Nutsugah, Redeemer, Patrick Mensah, Stephen Akwaboa, and Michael Martin. "Pressure and Thermophysical Property of Gas Dependence of Effective Thermal Conductivity of a Porous Silica Insulator." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-53011.

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The thermal conductivity of a high-temperature calcium silicate block insulation product was measured in gaseous environments at pressures up to 100 bar at room temperature. The thermal conductivity of the porous material was tested in nitrogen, argon, and carbon dioxide gaseous environments. These tests were performed in a newly-constructed pressure chamber integrated with a thermal conductivity testing device. A standardized testing method was employed in the design of the apparatus. The test method used was based on the ASTM c177, the guarded-hot-plate method [1]. Tests performed in a carbon dioxide pressure medium have produced data with thermal conductivity as a nonlinear function of pressure. The results of tests conducted using nitrogen and argon show that the variations of thermal conductivity of the porous silica insulating material are linear functions of pressure and specific heat (Cv) of the fill gas. Tests performed in a nitrogen gaseous environment have relatively higher thermal conductivity values than thermal conductivity values at corresponding pressures in argon gaseous environment. This trend is attributable to the higher thermophysical property values of nitrogen than those of argon. This observation suggests that the thermophysical properties of the fill gas have significant effect on the effective thermal conductivity of the porous material. Thermal conductivity data collected in both nitrogen and argon pressure media have coefficients of determination (r2) of 0.9955 and 0.9956, respectively. An exponential function fitted to the carbon dioxide data produced a coefficient of determination of 0.9175. A precision study for the newly-constructed steady-state thermal conductivity measuring apparatus was performed in atmospheric air. With a standard deviation of 0.00076 W/m · K and a mean thermal conductivity value of 0.07294 W/m · K, a 95% confidence interval was assumed for a sample space size of 13 for the baseline tests in air. This produced a precision error of ±0.00046 W/m · K (±0.63%), a mean bias error of ±0.00955 W/m · K (±13.09%), and a mean steady-state error of ±1.67%. Hence, the total uncertainty in the mean thermal conductivity value of the baseline tests in atmospheric air could be reported as 0.07294W/m · K ± 13.22% with 95% confidence. The result of the precision study is indicative of the reliability of the apparatus. The single-sample precision uncertainty in thermal conductivity values at varying pressures in the various fill gases were estimated based on the standard deviation of the repeated tests in atmospheric air as 0.001166W/m · K.
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Reports on the topic "Filler gap dependencies"

1

Ruosteenoja, Kimmo. Applicability of CMIP6 models for building climate projections for northern Europe. Finnish Meteorological Institute, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35614/isbn.9789523361416.

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In this report, we have evaluated the performance of nearly 40 global climate models (GCMs) participating in Phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6). The focus is on the northern European area, but the ability to simulate southern European and global climate is discussed as well. Model evaluation was started with a technical control; completely unrealistic values in the GCM output files were identified by seeking the absolute minimum and maximum values. In this stage, one GCM was rejected totally, and furthermore individual output files from two other GCMs. In evaluating the remaining GCMs, the primary tool was the Model Climate Performance Index (MCPI) that combines RMS errors calculated for the different climate variables into one index. The index takes into account both the seasonal and spatial variations in climatological means. Here, MCPI was calculated for the period 1981—2010 by comparing GCM output with the ERA-Interim reanalyses. Climate variables explored in the evaluation were the surface air temperature, precipitation, sea level air pressure and incoming solar radiation at the surface. Besides MCPI, we studied RMS errors in the seasonal course of the spatial means by examining each climate variable separately. Furthermore, the evaluation procedure considered model performance in simulating past trends in the global-mean temperature, the compatibility of future responses to different greenhouse-gas scenarios and the number of available scenario runs. Daily minimum and maximum temperatures were likewise explored in a qualitative sense, but owing to the non-existence of data from multiple GCMs, these variables were not incorporated in the quantitative validation. Four of the 37 GCMs that had passed the initial technical check were regarded as wholly unusable for scenario calculations: in two GCMs the responses to the different greenhouse gas scenarios were contradictory and in two other GCMs data were missing from one of the four key climate variables. Moreover, to reduce inter-GCM dependencies, no more than two variants of any individual GCM were included; this led to an abandonment of one GCM. The remaining 32 GCMs were divided into three quality classes according to the assessed performance. The users of model data can utilize this grading to select a subset of GCMs to be used in elaborating climate projections for Finland or adjacent areas. Annual-mean temperature and precipitation projections for Finland proved to be nearly identical regardless of whether they were derived from the entire ensemble or by ignoring models that had obtained the lowest scores. Solar radiation projections were somewhat more sensitive.
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