Relevant bibliographies by topics / Filled rubber compound

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Filled rubber compound'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 6 July 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Filled rubber compound"

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Indra Surya and Siswarni MZ. "EFFECT OF EPOXIDIZED NATURAL RUBBER AS A COMPATIBILIZER IN SILICA-FILLED STYRENE BUTADIENE RUBBER COMPOUND." Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU 3, no. 2 (July 2, 2014): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/jtk.v3i2.1500.

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By using a semi-efficient vulcanization system, the effect of Epoxidized Natural Rubber (ENR) as a compatibilizer in silica-filled Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) compound was carried out. The ENR was incorporated into the silica-filled SBR compound at 5.0 and 10.0 phr. An investigation was carried out to examine the effect of ENR on cure characteristics and tensile properties of the silica-filled SBR compound. It was found that ENR gave enhanced cure rate to the silica-filled SBR compound. ENR also exhibited a higher torque difference, tensile modulus, and tensile strength up to 10.0 phr. The study of rubber - filler interaction proved that the addition of ENR to the silica-filled SBR system improved the rubber - filler interaction.
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Muniandy, Komethi, Hanafi Ismail, and Nadras Othman. "Curing Characteristics and Mechanical Properties of Rattan Filled Natural Rubber Compounds." Key Engineering Materials 471-472 (February 2011): 845–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.471-472.845.

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Rattan for its potential as a new type of filler was investigated in natural rubber (NR) compounds. Natural rubber (NR) compounds were prepared by the incorporation of rattan at different loadings into a natural rubber matrix with a laboratory size two roll mill. The effect of rattan loading as filler on curing characteristics, tensile properties, morphological properties using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and rubber–filler interaction of rattan filled natural rubber compound were studied in the filler loading range of 0 to 30 phr. The results indicate that the scorch time (ts2) and cure time (t90) shorten with increasing filler loading, whereas the maximum torque (MH) showed an increasing trend. As the filler loading increases, the tensile strength and elongation at break decreases whilst tensile modulus; stress at 100 % elongation and stress at 300 % elongation increased. The rubber filler interactions of the rubber compound decreased with increasing filler loading. SEM studies indicate that the increasing rattan loading weakens the rubber-rattan interactions.
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Saramolee, P., K. Sahakaro, N. Lopattananon, W. K. Dierkes, and J. W. M. Noordermeer. "COMPARATIVE PROPERTIES OF SILICA- AND CARBON BLACK-REINFORCED NATURAL RUBBER IN THE PRESENCE OF EPOXIDIZED LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT POLYMER." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 87, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 320–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/rct.13.86970.

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ABSTRACT This work investigates the effect of epoxidized low molecular weight natural rubber (ELMWNR) in silica- and carbon black-filled natural rubber (NR) compounds on processing and mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties. The ELMWNRs with different mol% epoxide content were prepared from depolymerization of epoxidized NR using periodic acid in latex state to have a molecular weight in a range of 50 000–60 000 g/mol. Their chemical structures and actual mol% of epoxide were analyzed by 1H NMR. The ELMWNRs were added to the filled NR compounds as compatibilizers at varying loadings from 0 to 15 phr. The addition of ELMWNR decreases compound viscosity and the Payne effect, that is, filler–filler interaction, of the silica-filled compound. In the silica–silane compound and the compound with 28 mol% epoxide (ELMWNR-28), the compound viscosities are comparable. The optimal mechanical properties of silica-filled vulcanizates are obtained at the ELMWNR-28 loading of 10 phr. In contrast, the addition of ELMWNR to a carbon black-filled compound shows only a plasticizing effect. The incorporation of ELMWNR into NR compounds introduces a second glass transition temperature and affects their dynamic mechanical properties. Higher epoxide contents lead to higher loss tangent values of the rubber vulcanizates in the range of the normal service temperature of a tire.
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Ding, R., and A. I. Leonov. "An Approach to Chemorheology of a Filled SBR Compound." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 72, no. 2 (May 1, 1999): 361–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3538808.

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Abstract Three steps in complex chemorheological studies are necessary for complete rheological characterization of filled rubbers during cross-linking reaction. They include: (i) kinetic studies of cross-linking reaction, (ii) rheological studies of green rubber compounds, and (iii) correlation between the rheological parameters and the degree of cure. Basic experiments in the steps (i)–(iii) and their modeling are presented in this paper on the example of a filled SBR compound with sulfur accelerated vulcanization. The approach provides a unique possibility to trace therheological properties of rubber compounds from the green to completely cured states.
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Khongwong, Wasana, Nittaya Keawprak, Phunthinee Somwongsa, Duriyoung Tattaporn, and Piyalak Ngernchuklin. "Effect of Alternative Fillers on the Properties of Rubber Compounds." Key Engineering Materials 798 (April 2019): 316–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.798.316.

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The paper is focused on the influence of alternative fillers on rubber compounds properties. Three different types of powder fillers, drinking water treatment sludge (DWTS), perlite and calcium carbonate, were mixed into rubber compound mixtures. The mixtures were composed of STR20, EPDM, zinc oxide, steric acid, paraffin wax, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT), sulphur, Wingstay L, and filler. The mixtures were mixed in a Kneader type mixer at temperature of 70°C and then continuously mixed using a two-roll mill at temperature of 70°C. The relationships between type and the amount of filler versus properties of rubber compounds were demonstrated. The results showed that tensile and elongation at break of rubber compounds gradually decreased with increasing the amount of filler. Rubber compounds filled with small particle size filler possessed higher tensile strength and elongation at break than those filled with large particle size filler. Values of DIN abrasion loss of rubber compounds prepared under proper mixing condition were not more than 300 mm3. Under appropriate condition, the rubber compounds with DWTS, perlite and calcium carbonate provided sufficiently high shore A hardness (not less than 50 Shore A hardness). Finally, alternative fillers such as DWTS and perlite were expected to replace calcium carbonate in normal formula.
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Nakajima, Nobuyuki. "Strain-Rate Amplification of Carbon-Black-Filled Rubber Compounds." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 61, no. 5 (November 1, 1988): 938–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3536227.

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Abstract The strain amplification is one of the recognized causes of the reinforcement of rubber by carbon black. Previously, we evaluated strain amplification in nonequilibrium, i.e., stress-strain measurements. Carbon-black-filled rubber compounds were used. In these examples, not only strain but also strain rate must be amplified, since it is a dynamic situation. Because the behavior of the gum matrix is strain-rate dependent, strain-rate amplification is also an important aspect of the rubber compound behavior. In this paper, we presented case studies of strain-rate amplification with several compounds involving variation of gum rubbers and carbon blacks.
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Saramolee, Prachid, Kannika Sahakaro, Natinee Lopattananon, Wilma Dierkes, and Jacques W. M. Noordermeer. "Silica-Reinforced Natural Rubber with Epoxidized Low Molecular Weight Rubber as a Compatibilizer." Advanced Materials Research 747 (August 2013): 522–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.747.522.

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This work investigates the effect of epoxidized low molecular weight natural rubber (ELMWNR) in silica-filled NR compounds on processing, mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties. The ELMWNRs with mol% epoxide groups varying from 0-50 and molecular weight in a range of 50,000-60,000 g/mol were prepared from depolymerization of epoxidized natural rubber using periodic acid in latex state. They were then added in the silica-filled NR compounds as a compatibilizer at varying loading from 0-15 phr. The addition of ELMWNR decreases compound viscosity and Payne effect, i.e. filler-filler interaction. The optimal mechanical properties of silica-filled vulcanizates are observed at the ELMWNR-28 (28 mol% epoxide) loading of 10 phr. The incorporation of ELMWNR with 28 and 51 mol% epoxide groups into NR compounds introduces a second glass transition temperature and affects on their dynamic mechanical properties. Higher epoxide content leads to higher Tan δ of the rubber vulcanizates in the range of normal service temperature.
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Wang, Yue Qiong, Zheng Peng, Jie Ping Zhong, Kui Xu, Chang Jin Yang, Yong Yue Luo, and Pu Wang Li. "Damping Performance of CB Filled NR/ENR, NR/BR and NR/IIR Compounds." Applied Mechanics and Materials 716-717 (December 2014): 70–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.716-717.70.

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Natural rubber (NR)/epoxidized natural rubber (ENR)/carbon black (CB), natural rubber/butadiene rubber (BR)/carbon black and natural rubber/isobutylene-isoprene rubber (IIR)/carbon black compounds were prepared by mechanical mixing method. The mechanical properties, dynamic mechanical properties for the compounds were investigated respectively. The temperature range of tanδ>0.3 of NR/ENR40/CB compound was wider and shifted to high temperature than NR/CB compound. Comprehensive analysis indicated that NR/BR/CB and NR/IIR/CB compounds had no better damping performance than NR/CB compounds, while NR/ENR/CB compound had better damping performance.
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Wolff, Siegfried, Meng-Jiao Wang, and Ewe-Hong Tan. "Filler-Elastomer Interactions. Part VII. Study on Bound Rubber." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 66, no. 2 (May 1, 1993): 163–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3538304.

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Abstract SBR compounds were filled with 17 carbon blacks covering the whole range of rubber grades and tested for bound-rubber content. It was found that the bound-rubber content of a polymer at high loadings is higher for large surface-area carbon blacks. On the other hand, the bound-rubber content per unit of interfacial area in the compound (specific bound-rubber content) decreases with increasing specific surface area and filler loading. This observation was interpreted in terms of interaggregate multiple molecular adsorption, filler agglomeration, and change of molecular weight of rubber during mixing. When the comparison was carried out at critical loading of a coherent mass, the specific bound-rubber content was found to be higher for the high-surface-area products which are characterized by high surface energies. The critical loading of coherent mass of bound rubber also shows a strong surface-area dependence, indicating that large particle carbon blacks give high critical loadings. The measurements of bound rubber at high temperatures for carbon-black-filled compounds and in an ammonia atmosphere for silica-filled compounds suggest that bound rubber is caused essentially by physical adsorption.
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Fatin, M. H., N. Z. Noriman, Kamarudin Husin, M. Z. Salihin, N. R. Munirah, Hanafi Ismail, A. M. Mustafa Al Bakri, and S. T. Sam. "Cure Characteristics and Physical Properties of Imperata cylindrica Activated Carbon Filled SMR L Compounding." Applied Mechanics and Materials 815 (November 2015): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.815.44.

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The potential of activated carbon as a filler in rubber compound has been reviewed .Cure characteristics and physical properties ofImperataCylindricaactivated carbon filled natural rubber of Standard Malaysian Rubber (SMR L) were studied. SMR L was used as the elastomer and the composition of filler loading were varied from 0-50 parts per hundred rubber (phr). A semi-efficient vulcanization system was used throughout the study. The cure characteristics of the rubber compound was determined by using rheometer. The samples of hardness and resilience were measured by durometer shore A and Wallace Dunlop Tripsometer. Cure characteristics showed that cure time, t90and scorch time,t2increased as increased filler loading which indicate poor interaction between rubber and filler which slow down the vulcanization time. Minimum torque,MLand maximum torque,MHincreased as increased filler loading due to the low processability of the SMR L compounds. Crosslink density and hardness exhibit increment as increased filler loading due to increase rigidity of the SMR L compounds. The resilience will decrease correspondingly as increased in rigidity of the compounds.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Filled rubber compound"

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Genin-Blanchard, Elodie. "Etude des mécanismes élémentaires d'usure des élastomères chargés réticulés." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ECDL0042.

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L'usure des élastomères chargés réticulés génère souvent des faciès à rides, que l'on peut voir notamment sur les pneumatiques dans certaines conditions d’utilisation. Le but de cette étude est d’étudier ces rides, reproduites en laboratoire au moyen d'un tribomètre spécifique, afin d'en expliquer le mécanisme de formation. Des grandeurs telles que la perte de masse, le coefficient de frottement, la rugosité et les propriétés mécaniques de surface sont analysées. L'apparition d'un tel faciès est reliée à des aspects de vibrations dans le contact et de champ de contraintes de traction à l'arrière du contact. Les rides obtenues présentent parfois des languettes plus ou moins enroulées et évoluent vers des débris d'usure en forme de rouleaux. Ce faciès à rides s'estompe ensuite au cours de l'essai tribologique pour disparaître lorsque la distance glissée devient grande. Une approche énergétique permet de souligner les couplages existant entre les différentes propriétés du matériau, le frottement, le faciès et l'usure
The wear of filled rubber compounds often produces a ridge pattern which can be seen on tyres in certain driving conditions. The goal of this work is to study the ridges obtained in laboratory experiments on a specific tribometer and explain the mechanism of their formation. Parameters such as friction coefficient, loss of weight, rugosity and surface mechanical properties have been studied. The origin of this pattern is linked to contact vibrations and tensile stress field at the rear of the contact. The upper part of the ridges sometimes presents tongs which can be rolled and the ridges lead to roll shaped wear debris. The pattern then fades during the next part of the tribological test and disappears when the sliding distance becomes high. An energetical approach leads to emphasize the links between material properties, friction, pattern and wear
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Mustafa-Kamal, Mazlina. "Starch as a filler for rubber compounds." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2007. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/34216.

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Starch is a reasonably cheap, renewable and environmentally friendly resource. With a view to developing a new type of rubber composite based on starch, the objective of the study was to assess the factors affecting the reinforcing effect of starch and determine how reinforcement could be maximised In general, the study shows relatively poor reinforcement of natural rubber by starch, resulting in compounds of low stiffness and strength compared to compounds filled to a similar volume fraction with carbon black. The poor reinforcement is due to a weak interaction between polar starch and non-polar rubber and due to the large particle size of starch. However, the addition of polybutadiene maleic anhydride (PBMAH) and resorcinol formaldehyde (RF) coupling agents significantly improved the rubber to filler adhesion.
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Chai, Xiaoli. "Reinforcement and Cut Growth in Swollen and Unswollen Filled Rubber Compounds." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1206387937.

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Salberg, Alesia C. "Characterization of the Physical and Chemical Networks in Filled Rubber Compounds." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1258383036.

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Hirata, Mamoru. "A fractal approach to mixing-microstructure-property relationship for rubber compounds." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1997. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/28493.

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The research is concerned with· exploration of the utility of fractal methods for characterising the mixing treatment applied to a rubber compound and also for characterising the microstructure developed during mixing (filler dispersion). Fractal analysis is also used for characterisation of the fracture surfaces generated during tensile testing of vulcanised samples. For these purposes, Maximum Entropy Method and Box Counting Method are developed and they are applied to analyse the mixing treatment and the filler dispersion, respectively. These methods are effectively used and it is found that fractal dimensions of mixer-power-traces and fracture surfaces of vulcanised rubber decrease with the evolution of mixing time while the fractal dimension of the state-of-mix (filler dispersion) also decreases. The relationship of the fractal dimensions thus determined with conventional properties, such as viscosity, tensile strength and heat transfer coefficient are then explored For example, a series of thennal measurements are carried out during vulcanisation process and the data are analysed for determining the heat transfer coefficient Nuclear Magnetic Resonance is used to obtain the properties of bound rubber and a quantitative analysis is also carried out and possible mechanisms for the relationships between the parameters are discussed based on existing interpretations. Fmally, the utility of the fractal methods for establishing mixing-microstructureproperty relationships is compared with more conventional and well established methods. For this purpose, the fractal dimension of the state-of-mix is compared to conventional methods such as the Payne Effect, electrical conductivity and carbon black dispersion (ASTM D2663 Method C). It is found that the characterisation by the fractal concept agrees with the conclusions from these conventional methods. In addition, it becomes possible to interpret the relationships between these conventional methods with the help of the fractal concept.
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Gunewardena, J. Anoma G. S. G. "Development and evaluation of dispersing agents for carbon black filled natural rubber compounds." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1999. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/32245.

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Various additions are used in rubber compounds to accelerate mixing with particulate fillers and to improve behaviour in subsequent processing operations. Cationic surfactants of general structure [RNH2(CH2)3NH3]2+ 2[R'COO] can be used in rubber processing as multifunctional additives (MFA) which act as processing aids, accelerators and mould releasing agents. However, with all these beneficial properties an adverse effect of decreased scorch time was observed when N–tallow–1,3 diaminopropane dioleate (EN444) was used in the filled natural rubber compound.
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Albehaijan, Hamad A. "Approaches to Enhance Filler-Polymer Interactions and Cure Properties of Rubber Compounds." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1491515276428703.

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Li, Shang-Min. "Utilization of Pyrolyzed Soybean Hulls as an Alternative Reinforcement Filler in Natural Rubber Compounds." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1617976155028824.

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Sun, Weicheng. "Use of Torrefied Sorghum as Eco-friendly Filler in Styrene Butadiene Rubber." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1527786418607651.

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Ren, Xianjie ren. "Use Of Fly Ash As Eco-Friendly Filler In Synthetic Rubber For Tire Applications." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1463148731.

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Book chapters on the topic "Filled rubber compound"

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White, James L., and Kwang-Jea Kim. "Polymer-Particle Filler Systems." In Thermoplastic and Rubber Compounds, 73–104. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9783446418561.002.

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White, James L., and Kwang-Jea Kim. "Polymer-Filler-Additives and Curative-Accelerator Compounds." In Thermoplastic and Rubber Compounds, 201–12. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9783446418561.007.

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Schuster, R. H. "Dispersion and Distribution of Fillers." In Mixing of Rubber Compounds, 173–236. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9783446428652.006.

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Wang, Meng-Jiao, and Michael Morris. "Effect of Fillers on the Properties of Uncured Compounds." In Rubber Reinforcement with Particulate Fillers, 193–262. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9781569907207.005.

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Sadasivuni, Kishor Kumar, Sunita Rattan, Kalim Deshmukh, Aqib Muzaffar, M. Basheer Ahamed, S. K. Khadheer Pasha, Payal Mazumdar, Sadiya Waseem, Yves Grohens, and Bijendra Kumar. "CHAPTER 12. Hybrid Nano-filler for Value Added Rubber Compounds for Recycling." In Green Chemistry Series, 310–29. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781788013482-00310.

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Bandini, Stefania, Giampaolo Giuliani, and Massimiliano Magagnini. "A Cellular Automata Based Computational Model for the Simulation of Dynamic Properties of Filled Rubber Compounds." In Cellular Automata: Research Towards Industry, 80–91. London: Springer London, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1281-5_8.

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Ciullo, Peter A., and Norman Hewitt. "TIRE BEAD FILLER/APEX COMPOUND." In The Rubber Formulary, 78. Elsevier, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-081551434-3.50010-5.

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Erman, Burak, and James E. Mark. "Multiphase Systems." In Structures and Properties of Rubberlike Networks. Oxford University Press, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195082371.003.0018.

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One class of multiphase elastomers are those capable of undergoing strain-induced crystallization, as was discussed separately in chapter 12. In this case, the second phase is made up of the crystallites thus generated, which provide considerable reinforcement. Such reinforcement is only temporary, however, in that it may disappear upon removal of the strain, addition of a plasticizer, or increase in temperature. For this reason, many elastomers (particularly those which cannot undergo strain-induced crystallization) are generally compounded with a permanent reinforcing filler. The two most important examples are the addition of carbon black to natural rubber and to some synthetic elastomers, and the addition of silica to siloxane rubbers. In fact, the reinforcement of natural rubber and related materials is one of the most important processes in elastomer technology. It leads to increases in modulus at a given strain, and improvements of various technologically important properties, such as tear and abrasion resistance, resilience, extensibility, and tensile strength. There are also disadvantages, however, including increases in hysteresis (and thus of heat buildup) and compression set (permanent deformation). Another problem in this area is the absence of a reliable molecular theory for filler reinforcement, in general, and even simple molecular pictures of the origin of the reinforcement are lacking. The subject is not even discussed in what has long been the standard reference book on rubberlike elasticity! On the other hand, there is an incredible amount of relevant experimental data available, with most of these data relating to reinforcement of natural rubber by carbon black. Recently, however, other polymers such as poly(dimethylsiloxane), and other fillers, such as precipitated silica, metallic particles, and even glassy polymers, have become of interest. These studies have shown that materials which act as fillers can vary substantially with respect to the chemical nature of their surfaces, and probably most solid, finely divided materials may advantageously be incorporated into an elastomer. In fact, this is one of the ways the crystallites discussed in chapter 12 improve the mechanical properties of an elastomer. Experimental evidence indicates that the extent of the reinforcement depends strongly on particle size.
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LEBLANC, Jean L. "NON-LINEAR BAGLEY PLOTS WITH FILLED RUBBER COMPOUNDS." In Theoretical and Applied Rheology, 932–34. Elsevier, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-89007-8.50415-9.

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"Synthetic layered silicates as synergistic filler additive for tire tread compounds." In Constitutive Models for Rubber VIII, 595–600. CRC Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b14964-106.

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Conference papers on the topic "Filled rubber compound"

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Cataldo, Franco, Alberto D’Amore, Domenico Acierno, and Luigi Grassia. "ON THE REINFORCING EFFECT OF MULTIWALL CARBON NANOTUBES IN A NATURAL RUBBER-BASED CARBON BLACK FILLED RUBBER COMPOUND." In IV INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE TIMES OF POLYMERS (TOP) AND COMPOSITES. AIP, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2988981.

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Govedarica, Olga, Predrag Kojić, Oskar Bera, Mirjana Jovičić, Sonja Stojanov, Jelena Pavličević, and Dragan Govedarica. "INFLUENCE OF EPOXIDIZED EXTENDER OIL PROPERTIES ON RUBBER PERFORMANCES." In 1st INTERNATIONAL Conference on Chemo and BioInformatics. Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/iccbi21.117b.

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The rubber compounds are obtained by blending natural or synthetic rubber, reinforcing fillers, rubber extender oil and other additives. Choosing the best components for rubber compounding are essential in rubber industry. The main function of rubber process oil (extender oil) is to reduce viscosity and improve mobility of the rubber chains and thus enable better processing and dispersion of the filler particles. Mineral oils, particularly aromatic ones, were widely used as extender oil in rubber industry, however, due to their influence on environment and the toxicity, there is a demand for their replacement in rubber compounds. One of the environmentally friendly extender oils with possible use in the compounding process as processing aids are epoxidized vegetable oils. In this study, influence of the epoxidizes soybean oil as extender oil on the properties of compound based on natural rubber was investigated. Characteristics of epoxidizes soybean oil as extender oil was experimentally measured or calculated. The experiments were performed on a laboratory internal batch mixer, at the constant temperature of 90°C and a rotor speed of 60 rpm. The hardness, tensile strength, elongation at break, modulus at 100 and 300% elongation, and rheological properties of rubber compounds were determined. Power consumption during rubber compounding mixing phase was calculated on the basis of experimentally measured voltage and amperage.
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Blagojević, Julijana, Olga Govedarica, Kojić Predrag, Oskar Bera, Mirjana Jovičić, Sonja Stojanov, Jelena Pavličević, and Dragan Govedarica. "INVESTIGATION OF HEMPSEED PROCESS OIL AS THE ALTERNATIVE IN NATURAL RUBBER COMPOUNDING PROCESS." In 1st INTERNATIONAL Conference on Chemo and BioInformatics. Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/iccbi21.121b.

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Good selection of natural rubber compounds is substantial in rubber industry. Behavior of products based on natural rubber is determined by rubber blending components, especially nature of process oil and concentration of reinforcing fillers. Rubber process oil main purpose is to improve dispersibility of fillers and reduce the viscosity of the rubber compound, therefore enable better processing. Mineral oils are mostly used process oils in natural rubber compounding, but, due to their toxicity and new requirements for preservation of the environment, more and more well-known manufacturers have turned to the use of environmentally friendly process oils. In this study, influence of the hempseed oil as process oil on the products properties in natural rubber compounding was investigated. Properties of hempseed oil as process oil were experimentally determined or calculated. Blending of natural rubber was performed in a laboratory by internal batch mixer, at the constant temperature of 90°C and a rotor speed of 60 rpm. Main rubber properties such as hardness, tensile strength, elongation at break, modulus at 100 and 300% elongation, and rheological properties were determined. Also, voltage and amperage were experimentally measured for calculating power consumption during effective mixing phase in rubber blending.
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Fernando, A. N. A., W. G. A. Pabasara, K. Y. Gayashini, and D. N. Liyanage. "Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Rice Straw Ash-filled Natural Rubber Compounds." In 2021 Moratuwa Engineering Research Conference (MERCon). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mercon52712.2021.9525799.

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Stojanov, Sonja, Mirjana Jovičić, Ilija Bobinac, Olga Govedarica, Jelena Pavličević, Julijana Blagojević, Dragan Govedarica, and Oskar Bera. "RHEOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF RUBBER COMPOSITES BASED ON NATURAL RUBBER LOADED WITH MINERAL OILS AND PYROLYTIC CARBON BLACK." In 1st INTERNATIONAL Conference on Chemo and BioInformatics. Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/iccbi21.173s.

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This paper aims to investigate the effect of the addition of mineral oil and pyrolytic carbon black on crosslinking the natural rubber and the mechanical properties of the crosslinked products. A rheometer determined curing characteristics at a temperature of 150 °C. The mechanical properties of prepared vulcanized composites were determined. By adding mineral oil to rubber compounds, the vulcanization reaction starts later, and it takes slightly more time to achieve the optimal vulcanization time. The addition of mineral oil to the rubber mixture achieves better dispersion of pyrolytic carbon blacks in the matrix and thus increases the physical interaction between the filler and rubber. Pyrolytic carbon black (pCB) is obtained by recycling waste products and contains a higher proportion of impurities. Due to impurities, PCB has a smaller surface area for the physical adsorption of rubber molecules than standard carbon black, and it can be assumed that this has led to a decrease in the crosslinking density. The addition of mineral oil to rubber compounds results in a slight reduction in mechanical properties. The type of carbon black has a much more significant influence on the mechanical properties of vulcanized composites based on natural rubber.
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Sya’bani, Muh Wahyu, Yuli Suwarno, Mertza Fitra Agustian, Indra Perdana, and Rochmadi. "Studies of geothermal silica as rubbers compounds reinforcing filler." In THE 5TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INDUSTRIAL, MECHANICAL, ELECTRICAL, AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2019 (ICIMECE 2019). AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0000730.

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Stelescu, Maria Daniela, Elena Manaila, Mihaela Nituica, Laurentia Alexandrescu, and Dana Gurau. "Comparison of Characteristics of Natural Rubber Compounds with Various Fillers." In The 6th International Conference on Advanced Materials and Systems. INCDTP - Division: Leather and Footwear Research Institute, Bucharest, RO, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.24264/icams-2016.i.24.

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Saeb, Mohammad Reza, Hadi Ramezani Dakhel, Akbar Ghaffari, Alberto D’Amore, Domenico Acierno, and Luigi Grassia. "MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND VULCANIZATION CHARACTERISTICS OF STYRENE-BUTADIENE RUBBER (SBR) BASED COMPOUNDS FILLED WITH EGGSHELL POWDER AS A BIO-FILLER." In IV INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE TIMES OF POLYMERS (TOP) AND COMPOSITES. AIP, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2989045.

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Surya, I., and H. Khosman. "The compounds of montmorillonite-filled natural rubber: Cure rate index, swelling and hardness properties." In THE 14TH JOINT CONFERENCE ON CHEMISTRY 2019. AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0005218.

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Satoh, Yoshihiro, and Hiroshi Misawa. "An Optimal Design Method for Rubber Dynamic Vibration Absorber." In ASME 1995 Design Engineering Technical Conferences collocated with the ASME 1995 15th International Computers in Engineering Conference and the ASME 1995 9th Annual Engineering Database Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1995-0606.

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Abstract A dynamic vibration absorber can be used for suppression of excessive amplitude of structures at the resonance. This paper deals with an optimal design method for the dynamic vibration absorber which consists of a mass and a carbon-black filled rubber vulcanizate. First, a system which consists of a main system and the dynamic vibration absorber was analyzed, considering nonlinear dynamic properties possessed by the rubber vulcanizate. Frequency response functions of the system were derived in the form including the rubber geometry and a mass ratio as design parameters. Next, an objective function was composed of the frequency response functions. Minimizing the objective function with respect to the parameters of the rubber geometry for given mass ratio, the optimal values were determined. From the consideration of the results, a new convenient method to determine the optimal values was derived. This method was examined by the experiments. As a result, the validity of the analysis method was verified, and the availability of the present design method for the suppression of vibration was confirmed.
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