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Academic literature on the topic 'Filamenty'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Filamenty"

1

Moraczewska, Joanna. "Filamenty cienkie i mikrofilamenty – funkcjonalne kompleksy aktyny z tropomiozyną." Kosmos 67, no. 1 (July 10, 2018): 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.36921/kos.2018_2366.

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Aktyna jest uniwersalnym białkiem o strukturze dobrze zachowanej w toku ewolucji. W komórkach aktyna istnieje w równowadze pomiędzy formą monomeryczną i filamentową. Pomimo zachowanej w toku ewolucji struktury, aktyna pełni zdumiewająco wiele różnorodnych funkcji. Jest to możliwe dzięki zdolności aktyny do oddziaływania z wieloma białkami, wśród których znajdują się motory miozynowe oraz białka regulujące dynamiczną polimeryzację i depolimeryzację aktyny. Nadrzędnymi regulatorami filamentów aktynowych są tropomiozyny, rodzina superhelikalnych białek, które polimeryzują wzdłuż filamentowej aktyny, dzięki czemu stabilizują filamenty zapobiegając ich depolimeryzacji oraz kontrolują dostęp i aktywność białek wiążących aktynę. Tropomiozyny działają jako „stróże” filamentu, którzy kontrolują oddziaływania aktyny, co prowadzi do segregacji białek wiążących aktynę do swoistych przedziałów komórkowych gdzie białka te realizują określone funkcje komórkowe. W artykule zostały omówione zależne od tropomiozyny mechanizmy regulacji oddziaływań aktyny z niektórymi miozynami oraz z Arp2/3 i kofiliną – białkami, które inicjują rozgałęzianie, polimeryzację i depolimeryzację filamentów aktynowych.

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Alina, D., I. Ristorcelli, L. Montier, and M. Juvela. "Statistics on the relative orientation between magnetic fields and filaments hosting Planck Galactic Cold Clumps." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 14, A30 (August 2018): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921319003594.

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AbstractWe present a statistical analysis of the relative orientation between the plane-of-sky magnetic field and the filaments associated with the Galactic Cold Clumps. We separated polarization parameters components of the filaments and their background using thin optical medium assumption, the filaments were detected using the Rolling Hough Transform algorithm and we separated the clump and the filament contributions in our maps. We found that in high column density environments the magnetic fields inside the filaments and in the background are less likely to be aligned with each other. This suggests a decoupling between the inner and background magnetic fields at some stage of filamentsâ€™ evolution. A preferential alignment between the filaments and their inferred magnetic fields is observed in the whole selection if the clumpsâ€™ contribution is subtracted. Interestingly, a bimodal distribution of relative orientation is observed between the filamentary structures of the clumps and the filaments’ magnetic field. Similar results are seen in a subsample of nearby filaments. The relative orientation clearly shows a transition from parallel to no preferential and perpendicular alignment depending on the volume densities of both clumps and filaments. Our results confirm a strong interplay between the magnetic field and filamentary structures during their formation and evolutionary process.

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Hoemann, Elena, Stefan Heigl, and Andreas Burkert. "Merging filaments I: a race against collapse." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 507, no. 3 (June 14, 2021): 3486–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1698.

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ABSTRACT The interstellar medium is characterized by an intricate filamentary network that exhibits complex structures. These show a variety of different shapes (e.g. junctions, rings, etc.) deviating strongly from the usually assumed cylindrical shape. A possible formation mechanism are filament mergers that we analyse in this study. Indeed, the proximity of filaments in networks suggests mergers to be rather likely. As the merger has to be faster than the end dominated collapse of the filament along its major axis, we expect three possible results: (a) The filaments collapse before a merger can happen, (b) the merged filamentary complex shows already signs of cores at the edges, or (c) the filaments merge into a structure which is not end-dominated. We develop an analytic formula for the merging and core-formation time-scale at the edge and validate our model via hydrodynamical simulations with the adaptive-mesh-refinement-code ramses. This allows us to predict the outcome of a filament merger, given different initial conditions which are the initial distance and the respective line-masses of each filament as well as their relative velocities.

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4

Arzoumanian, D., Ph André, V. Könyves, P. Palmeirim, A. Roy, N. Schneider, M. Benedettini, et al. "Characterizing the properties of nearby molecular filaments observed with Herschel." Astronomy & Astrophysics 621 (January 2019): A42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201832725.

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Context. Molecular filaments have received special attention recently thanks to new observational results on their properties. In particular, our early analysis of filament properties from Herschel imaging data in three nearby molecular clouds revealed a narrow distribution of median inner widths centered at a characteristic value of about 0.1 pc. Aims. Here, we extend and complement our initial study with a detailed analysis of the filamentary structures identified with Herschel in eight nearby molecular clouds (at distances <500 pc). Our main goal is to establish statistical distributions of median properties averaged along the filament crests and to compare the results with our earlier work based on a smaller number of filaments. Aims. We use the column density (NH2) maps derived from Herschel data and the DisPerSE algorithm to trace a network of individual filaments in each cloud. We analyze the density structure along and across the main filament axes in detail. We build synthetic maps of filamentary clouds to assess the completeness limit of our extracted filament sample and validate our measurements of the filament properties. These tests also help us to select the best choice of parameters to be used for tracing filaments with DisPerSE and fitting their radial column density profiles. Methods. Our analysis yields an extended sample of 1310 filamentary structures and a selected sample of 599 filaments with aspect ratios larger than 3 and column density contrasts larger than 0.3. We show that our selected sample of filaments is more than 95% complete for column density contrasts larger than 1, with only ~ 5% spurious detections. On average, more than 15% of the total gas mass in the clouds, and more than 80% of the dense gas mass (at NH2 > 7 × 1021 cm−2), is found to be in the form of filaments. Analysis of the radial column density profiles of the 599 filaments in the selected sample indicates a narrow distribution of crest-averaged inner widths, with a median value of 0.10 pc and an interquartile range of 0.07 pc. In contrast, the extracted filaments span wide ranges in length, central column density, column density contrast, and mass per unit length. The characteristic filament width is well resolved by Herschel observations, and a median value of ~0.1 pc is consistently found using three distinct estimates based on (1) a direct measurement of the width at half power after background subtraction, as well as (2) Gaussian and (3) Plummer fits. The existence of a characteristic filament width is further supported by the presence of a tight correlation between mass per unit length and central column density for the observed filaments. Results. Our detailed analysis of a large filament sample confirms our earlier result that nearby molecular filaments share a common mean inner width of ~0.1 pc, with typical variations along and on either side of the filament crests of about ± 0.06 pc around the mean value. This observational result sets strong constraints on possible models for the formation and evolution of filaments in molecular clouds. It also provides important hints on the initial conditions of star formation.

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Goldsmith, K. J. A., and J. M. Pittard. "The isothermal evolution of a shock-filament interaction." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 491, no. 4 (December 4, 2019): 4783–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz3320.

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ABSTRACT Studies of filamentary structures that are prevalent throughout the interstellar medium are of great significance to a number of astrophysical fields. Here, we present 3D hydrodynamic simulations of shock-filament interactions where the equation of state has been softened to become almost isothermal. We investigate the effect of such an isothermal regime on the interaction (where both the shock and filament are isothermal), and we examine how the nature of the interaction changes when the orientation of the filament, the shock Mach number, and the filament density contrast are varied. We find that only sideways-oriented filaments with a density contrast of 102 form a three-rolled structure, dissimilar to the results of a previous study. Moreover, the angle of orientation of the filament plays a large role in the evolution of the filament morphology: the greater the angle of orientation, the longer and less turbulent the wake. Turbulent stripping of filament material leading to fragmentation of the core occurs in most filaments; however, filaments orientated at an angle of 85° to the shock front do not fragment and are longer lived. In addition, values of the drag time are influenced by the filament length, with longer filaments being accelerated faster than shorter ones. Furthermore, filaments in an isothermal regime exhibit faster acceleration than those struck by an adiabatic shock. Finally, we find that the drag and mixing times of the filament increase as the angle of orientation of the filament is increased.

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Буланин, В. В., В. К. Гусев, Г. С. Курскиев, В. Б. Минаев, М. И. Патров, А. В. Петров, Ю. В. Петров, et al. "Влияние низкочастотных магнитогидродинамических мод на развитие филаментов в токамаке Глобус-М." Письма в журнал технической физики 45, no. 19 (2019): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/pjtf.2019.19.48312.17933.

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Experimental data indicating the influence of the magnetohydrodynamic tearing mode in the Globus-M spherical tokamak on the appearance of filamentary structures (filaments) are presented. The filaments were detected by the Doppler backscattering method. Filament groups localized in the toroidal direction were detected, the appearance of which turned out to be synchronized with the spreading of the tearing mode. The possible causes of the influence of low-frequency MHD oscillations on the occurrence of groups of filamentary perturbations are considered.

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Muru, Moorits Mihkel, and Elmo Tempel. "Assessing the reliability of the Bisous filament finder." Astronomy & Astrophysics 649 (May 2021): A108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202039169.

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Context. Recent years have given rise to numerous methods of detecting the cosmic web elements in the large-scale structure of the Universe. All of these methods describe more or less the same features, but each with its nuance. The Bisous filament finder is a stochastic tool for identifying the spines of filaments using galaxy positions. Aims. This work provides an analysis of how the galaxy number density of the input data affects the filaments detected with the Bisous model and gives estimates of the reliability of the method itself to assess the robustness of the results. Methods. We applied the Bisous filament finder to MultiDark-Galaxies data, using various magnitude cuts from the catalogue to study the effects of different galaxy number densities on the results and different parameters of the model. We compared the structures by the fraction of galaxies in filaments and the volume filled by filaments, and we analysed the similarities between the results from different cuts based on the overlap between detected filamentary structures. The filament finder was also applied to the exact same data 200 times with the same parameters to study the stochasticity of the results and the correlation between different runs was calculated. Results. Multiple samples show that galaxies in filaments have preferentially higher luminosity. We found that when a galaxy is in a filament there is a 97% chance that the same galaxy would be in a filament with even more complete input data and about 85% of filaments are persistent when detecting the filamentary network with higher-density input data. Lower galaxy number density inputs mean the Bisous model finds fewer filaments, but the filaments found are persistent even if we use more complete input data for the detection. We calculated the correlation coefficient between 200 Bisous runs on the exact same input, which is 0.98. Conclusions. This study confirms that increased number density of galaxies is important to obtain a more complete picture of the cosmic web. To overcome the limitation of the spectroscopic surveys, we will develop the Bisous model further to apply this tool to combined spectroscopic and narrow-band photometric redshift surveys, such as the J-PAS.

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Xia, Qianli, Mark C. Neyrinck, Yan-Chuan Cai, and Miguel A. Aragón-Calvo. "Intergalactic filaments spin." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 506, no. 1 (July 13, 2021): 1059–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1713.

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ABSTRACT Matter in the Universe is arranged in a cosmic web, with a filament of matter typically connecting each neighbouring galaxy pair, separated by tens of millions of light-years. A quadrupolar pattern of the spin field around filaments is known to influence the spins of galaxies and haloes near them, but it remains unknown whether filaments themselves spin. Here, we measure dark matter velocities around filaments in cosmological simulations, finding that matter generally rotates around them, much faster than around a randomly located axis. It also exhibits some coherence along the filament. The net rotational component is comparable to, and often dominant over, the known quadrupolar flow. The evidence of net rotations revises previous emphasis on a quadrupolar spin field around filaments. The full picture of rotation in the cosmic web is more complicated and multiscale than a network of spinning filamentary rods, but we argue that filament rotation is substantial enough to be an essential part of the picture. It is likely that the longest coherently rotating objects in the Universe are filaments. Also, we speculate that this rotation could provide a mechanism to generate or amplify intergalactic magnetic fields in filaments.

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Uehara, Kenta, Masato Tsuboi, Yoshimi Kitamura, Ryosuke Miyawaki, and Atsushi Miyazaki. "ALMA view of the Galactic Center 50km/s molecular cloud." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 11, S322 (July 2016): 162–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921316011984.

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AbstractWe have observed the Galactic Center 50km/s molecular cloud (50MC) with ALMA to search for filamentary structures. In the CS J=2-1 emission line channel maps, we succeeded in identifying 27 molecular cloud filaments using the DisPerSE algorithm. This is the first attempt of filament-finding in the Galactic Center Region. These molecular cloud filaments strongly suggest that the molecular cloud filaments are also ubiquitous in the molecular clouds of the Galactic Center Region.

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Rędowicz, Maria Jolanta. "Modyfikacje potranslacyjne aktyny." Kosmos 67, no. 1 (July 10, 2018): 43–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.36921/kos.2018_2367.

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Aktyna, komponent cytoszkieletu komórek eukariotycznych, to jedno z białek najistotniejszych dla funkcjonowania organizmów i najlepiej zachowanych w toku ewolucji. Ta globularna cząsteczka o masie cząsteczkowej około 42,3 kDa występuje zarówno w formie monomerycznej, jak i spolimeryzowanej (filamenty), a zdolność do dynamicznej reorganizacji aktyny jest niezbędna dla życia komórki. Przejście pomiędzy obiema formami jest możliwe dzięki precyzyjnej w czasie i przestrzeni, dynamicznej regulacji organizacji aktyny przez szereg białek wiążących się zarówno z monomerami, jak i filamentami aktyny. Istotnym czynnikiem wpływającym na stopień spolimeryzowania aktyny są także liczne modyfikacje potranslacyjne tego białka. Niniejszy artykuł przeglądowy jest poświęcony omówieniu tego obszernego i wciąż mało poznanego zagadnienia, a w szczególności opisowi jakim modyfikacjom ulega aktyna i w jaki sposób modyfikacje te wpływają na strukturę i funkcje tego wyjątkowego białka.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Filamenty"

1

Gutjahr, Petra. "Conformations of semiflexible polymers and filaments." Phd thesis, kostenfrei, 2007. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/1591/.

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Janiš, Adam. "Mechanické vlastnosti materiálů pro 3D tisk." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-442479.

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This thesis focuses on the description of 3D printing technologies using the FDM method, which uses deposition of molten thermoplastics and their subsequent cooling and solidification layer by layer. This unique structure then shows a strong anisotropy of mechanical properties and, as a result, their testing and print settings are very important. Tensile testing of plastic materials, including indicators of mechanical properties, are described in this thesis according to ČSN EN ISO standard. The practical part presents the concept of a device capable of performing these tests. The block diagram indicates the functional elements and the connections among them. Tensile strength test is described together with results processing. Necessary product documentation is also included.

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Mackay, Duncan Hendry. "Basic magnetic field configurations for solar filament channels and filaments." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14188.

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The three-dimensional magnetic structure of solar filament channels and filaments is considered. A simple analytical potential model of a filament channel is setup with line sources representing the overlying arcades and point sources the flux of the filament. A possible explanation of the distinct upper and lower bounds of a filament is given. A more detailed numerical force-free model with discrete flux sources is then developed and the effect of magnetic shear on the separatrix surface explored. Dextral channels are shown to exist for a wider range of negative values of the force-free alpha and sinistral channels for positive values of alpha. Potential models of a variety of coronal structures are then considered. The bending of a filament is modelled and a method of determining the horizontal component of a filament's magnetic field is proposed. Next, the observed opposite skew of arcades lying above switchbacks of polarity inversion lines is shown to be produced by a local flux imbalance at the corner of the switchback. Then, the magnetic structure of a particular filament in a filament channel is modelled using observations from a photospheric magnetogram. It is shown that dips in the filaments magnetic field could result from opposite polarity fragments lying below the filament. Finally, the formation of a specific filament channel and filament is modelled. The formation of the channel is shown to be due to the emergence of new flux in a sheared state. It is shown that convergence and reconnections between the new flux and old remnant flux is required for the filament to form. The field lines that represent the filament form a thin vertical sheet of flux. The changing angle of inclination of the sheet gives the appearance of twist. The method of formation is then generalised to other cases and it is shown that a hemispheric pattern consistent with the results of Martin et al. (1995) can be obtained.

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Meiklejohn, Bruce Ian 1959. "ISOLATION AND SEPARATION OF HUMAN CYTOKERATINS USING VARIOUS CHROMATOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUES." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276475.

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The cytokeratins from various human tissue were isolated using chromatographic techniques. The cytokeratins were first extracted from crude tissue using high and low salt buffers. It was necessary to use a denaturing agent such as urea to solubilize the resulting cytokeratin pellet. Imidazole also seemed to help solubilize the pellet and a reducing agent such as 2-Mercaptoethanol was not needed as previously believed. The acidic cytokeratins were separated from the neutral-basic cytokeratins using a DEAE ion-exchange column. The acidic cytokeratin fraction was further separated on a moderately polar reverse phase column with an acetonitrile gradient to eluted the proteins. Tetramethylammonium tetrafluoroborate was added to the mobile phase to react with any unreacted silanol groups on the stationary phase and trifluoroacetic acid was added to ion pair with the protein. The peaks were analyzed for purity using two dimensional electrophoresis and monoclonal antibodies that recognize the cytokeratins.

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Golzar, Mohammad. "Melt spinning of fine PEEK filaments Schmelzspinnen von feinen PEEK Filamenten /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=973384654.

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Nam, Gi-moon. "Dynamics of confined biofilaments." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAE048/document.

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Cette thèse est consacrée à la mécanique et à la mécanique statistique de biofilaments/biopolymères et de leur modèle le plus répandu le Worm-Like Chain (WLC) qu’il s’avère nécessaire d’étendre. Nous étudions WLC à 2-d en présence d’obstacles plus proches que la longueur de persistance. Nous caractérisons le mouvement aux temps courts par des simulations numériques complétées par des calculs analytiques. Des concepts similaires servent à décrire des ADN greffés balayés par le front d’une vésicule en cours d’étalement, l’adhésion de la vésicule est promue par des paires biotine/streptavidine qui contraignent les molécules d'ADN sur des chemins étroits où ils peuvent être imagés. Les microtubules (MT) ici stabilisés au taxol, présentent par contre certains comportements qui échappent au WLC et doivent être ramenés à leur structure interne : i)les déflexions latérales d’un MT attaché par un bout correspondent à une longueur de persistance apparente qui augmente avec la longueur ii) les MT adoptent des formes super-hélicoïdales. Ces deux points sont établis au moyen d’analyses de forme des MT. Des transitions de forme corrélées le long du MT mises en évidence sont compatibles avec un modèle basé sur la bistabilité du dimère de tubuline. Finalement un modèle de chaîne super-hélicoïdale comprenant une courbure et une torsion spontanées élargi le WLC. Confiné à 2-d, HWLC peut adopter un état fondamental circulaire ou sinueux caractérisé par le nombre de points d’inflexion où se concentre la torsion (twist-kink). Dans le cas circulaire, il existe des états métastables proches, à petit nombre de twist-kinks, hyperflexibles
This PhD is devoted to the mechanics and statistical mechanics of biofilaments and their most widespread model, the Worm-Like Chain (WLC) model, which, as it turns out, needs to be extended. We study the WLC in 2-d in the presence of obstacles closer than their persistence length. We characterize the short time motion by numerical simulations complemented by analytical calculations. Similar concepts serve to describe grafted DNAs swept by the front of a spreading vesicle whose adhesion is promoted by biotin/streptavidin bonds, which constrain the DNAs on narrow paths where they can be imaged. Microtubules (MT), here stabilized by taxol, show features which cannot be rationalized by the WLC and shall be related to their internal structure : i)lateral deflections of a clamped MT correspond to an effective persistence length growing with the MT size ii) MT adopt super-helical shapes. These two points are proven by refined image analysis. We analyze shape transitions correlated along the MT which are compatible with a model based on dimer bi-stability. Finally, a super helical chain model (HWLC) allowing for spontaneous curvature and twist is developed which extends the WLC. When confined to 2-d, the HWLC can adopt a ground state which is circular or wavy with inflection points where twist accumulates, so-called twist-kinks. In the circular case there exist close metastable states, with a small number of twist-kinks, which are hyperflexible

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Rutherford, Sharon Ann. "Construction of a single-chain antibody against intermediate filaments." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=68253.

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Intermediate filaments are fibrous proteins, appearing in a wide variety of tissue specific forms. The function of these proteins is poorly understood, although they are commonly believed to perform a structural role in the cell. Evidence suggests that the role these proteins play may be more dynamic than was previously believed. To gain more insight into their normal in vivo function, a single-chain monoclonal antibody has been constructed to serve as a specific reagent which can disrupt the intermediate filament network in vivo. The work presented in this thesis represents the first step in an approach which involves the use of single-chain monoclonal antibodies as specific reagents to target and disrupt the function of intracellular proteins.
The polymerase chain reaction was used for the cloning and modification of the heavy and light chain variable regions of the murine monoclonal antibody produced by the TIB 131 hybridoma. The variable regions of the light and heavy IgG chains were initially amplified from cDNA using degenerate 5$ sp prime$ primers and 3$ sp prime$ primers complementary to the constant region of the appropriate chain. The amplification products were cloned individually, sequenced, then modified to include restriction sites suitable for cloning into an expression vector. The two modified variable regions were cloned into an expression vector, and when expressed in either bacteria or in a rabbit reticulocyte lysate system, yielded a protein of the expected molecular weight.

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Roskey, Daniel Eric. "On the Role of Linear Processes in the Development and Evolution of Filaments in Air." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194509.

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It is well known that ultrashort, high intensity pulses with peak powers exceedinga certain critical value (Pcr) undergo self-focusingleading to collapse and filamentation. During the initial stagesof propagation at low intensities the beamdynamics are dominated by diffraction and dispersion. During filamentation, self-focusing resulting from the nonlinear Kerr effect is balanced by higher order nonlinearities such as plasma induced defocusing and absorption.This work examines the role that linear processes combined with initial spatial and temporal conditioningplay in the generation and subsequent evolution of filaments within nonlinearbeams. It is demonstrated that, because of linear diffraction, initial spatial beam shaping can have a dramatic effect on the filament pattern, the number of filaments and the energy contained in each filament. These ideas are applicable to cases that arequite common, such as circularly apodized beams, and help to explain interestingbehavior observed in these types of beams. Finally, it is demonstrated thatwith appropriate preconditioning of multiple subcritical pulses, linear effects can be employed to accurately control when and where filamentation occurs during long distance propagation through conditional collapse of overlapping pulses.

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Ansari, Mubashir Qamar. "Generation of Thermotropic Liquid Crystalline Polymer (TLCP)-Thermoplastic Composite Filaments and Their Processing in Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF)." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/99885.

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One of the major limitations in Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF), a form of additive manufacturing, is the lack of composites with superior mechanical properties. Traditionally, carbon and glass fibers are widely used to improve the physical properties of polymeric matrices. However, the blending methods lead to fiber breakage, preventing generation of long fiber reinforced filaments essential for printing load-bearing components. Our approach to improve tensile properties of the printed parts was to use in-situ composites to avoid fiber breakage during filament generation. In the filaments generated, we used thermotropic liquid crystalline polymers (TLCPs) to reinforce acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and a high performance thermoplastic, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS). The TLCPs are composed of rod-like monomers which are highly aligned under extensional kinematics imparting excellent one-dimensional tensile properties. The tensile strength and modulus of the 40 wt.% TLCP/ABS filaments was improved by 7 and 20 times, respectively. On the other hand, the 67 wt.% TLCP/PPS filament tensile strength and modulus were improved by 2 and 12 times, respectively. The filaments were generated using dual extrusion technology to produce nearly continuously reinforced filaments and to avoid matrix degradation. Rheological tests were taken advantage of to determine the processing conditions. Dual extrusion technology allowed plasticating the matrix and the reinforcing polymer separately in different extruders. Then continuous streams of TLCP were injected below the TLCP melting temperature into the matrix polymer to avoid matrix degradation. The blend was then passed through a series of static mixers, subdividing the layers into finer streams, eventually leading to nearly continuous fibrils which were an order of magnitude lower in diameter than those of the carbon and glass fibers. The composite filaments were printed below the melting temperature of the TLCPs, and the conditions were determined to avoid the relaxation of the order in the TLCPs. On printing, a matrix-like printing performance was obtained, such that the printer was able to take sharp turns in comparison with the traditionally used fibers. Moreover, the filaments led to a significant improvement in the tensile properties on using in FFF and other conventional technologies such as injection and compression molding.
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10

Friend, Lexie Robyn. "An analysis of intermediate filament end domains /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17114.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Filamenty"

1

Intermediate filaments: A review. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1985.

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2

Traub, Peter. Intermediate Filaments. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70230-3.

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The cytoskeleton: An introductory survey. Wien: Springer-Verlag, 1986.

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4

Filamentos. Buenos Aires: Ediciones del Dock, 2007.

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5

Krull, Rainer, and Thomas Bley, eds. Filaments in Bioprocesses. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20511-3.

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Quinlan, Roy. Intermediate filament proteins. London: Academic Press, 1994.

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Inc, ebrary, ed. Composite filament winding. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International, 2011.

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Quinlan, Roy. Intermediate filament proteins. London: Academic Press, 1995.

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Parry, David A. D. Intermediate filament structure. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1995.

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Dresselhaus, Mildred S. Graphite Fibers and Filaments. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Filamenty"

1

Martin, Sara F., Rajesh Bilimoria, and Philip W. Tracadas. "Magnetic Field Configurations Basic to Filament Channels and Filaments." In Solar Surface Magnetism, 303–38. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1188-1_28.

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Mackay, Duncan H. "Formation and Large-Scale Patterns of Filament Channels and Filaments." In Solar Prominences, 355–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10416-4_14.

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Traub, Peter. "Introduction." In Intermediate Filaments, 1. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70230-3_1.

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Traub, Peter. "Distribution of Intermediate Filaments." In Intermediate Filaments, 2–97. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70230-3_2.

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Traub, Peter. "In Vitro Assembly and Structure of Intermediate Filaments." In Intermediate Filaments, 98–136. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70230-3_3.

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Traub, Peter. "Synthesis of Intermediate Filament Proteins in Vitro." In Intermediate Filaments, 137–39. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70230-3_4.

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Traub, Peter. "Posttranslational Modification of Intermediate Filament Proteins." In Intermediate Filaments, 140–69. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70230-3_5.

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Traub, Peter. "Cellular Function(s) of Intermediate Filaments and Their Subunit Proteins." In Intermediate Filaments, 170–95. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70230-3_6.

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Traub, Peter. "Summary and Concluding Remarks." In Intermediate Filaments, 196–98. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70230-3_7.

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Pevtsov, Alexei A., Olga Panasenco, and Sara F. Martin. "Coronal Mass Ejections from Magnetic Systems Encompassing Filament Channels Without Filaments." In Solar Flare Magnetic Fields and Plasmas, 185–201. New York, NY: Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3761-1_13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Filamenty"

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Chandran, Preethi L., and Mohammad R. K. Mofrad. "Hydrodynamics and Semi-Flexible Filament Behavior." In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-206748.

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In this paper we simulate the effect of hydrodynamic interaction on the Brownian dynamics of semiflexible filaments. Semiflexible filaments are those whose entropy-driven bending fluctuations are resisted by the elastic bending stiffness. Semiflexible filaments make up the structural scaffold of cell and tissue matrix, and understanding their dynamic behavior is necessary for studying force transmission and remodeling in cells and tissue matrix. Hydrodynamic interaction refers to force on filament mediated through the local solvent flow around it. The local solvent flow is induced by the motion of the filament itself. Dynamic studies of semiflexible filaments tend to assume a uniform friction coefficient at every point on the filament. However Lagamarsino et al [1] showed that even for a filament in uniform translation, most of the drag is localized at the filament ends, which increases the tendency of the filament to bend and rotate even under a uniform driving force. In this paper we explore how the combined effect of non-uniform friction coefficient due to hydrodynamic screening and the non-uniform local solvent flow due to the filament fluctuations affects its Brownian dynamics.

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Silva-Leon, Jorge, and Andrea Cioncolini. "Experiments on Vortex Shedding From Reconfigured Flexible Filaments Vibrating in Flow." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-10393.

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Abstract This paper describes an experimental study of the spanwise vortex shedding frequencies from cantilever flexible filaments which are bent (reconfigured) when exposed to air crossflow. At a reduced velocity of approximately U* = 1500 (based on filament diameter) the filaments started to vibrate in the inline direction. Hot-wire anemometry was thus employed to investigate the wake flow of filaments of three aspect ratios (L/D = 38, 80, and 113) at Reynolds numbers Re < 300. Despite the large relative inclination angles between the filament and the flow direction, the vortex shedding frequency measured along the span of the filaments remained close to those of a cylinder in pure crossflow. Moreover, it was found that as the aspect ratio (axial length) of the filaments was increased, vortex shedding lost coherence towards the free end of the filaments, whereas this was not the case for the shortest aspect ratio filament currently tested. This is thought to be due to the interaction between the crossflow vortex shedding and the axial flow component developing along the wake of the inclined filaments. Through comparisons with stiff inclined wires it was confirmed that the spanwise vortex shedding behaviors observed (frequency and coherence) were not modulated by the motions of the filaments.

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Sommerfeld, Christian, Eckart Uhlmann, and Anton Hoyer. "Modelling of Brushing Processes." In ASME 2019 14th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2019-2833.

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Abstract Brushes consist of a body with fixed highly flexible filaments and can be used for deburring and surface finishing operations. During the brushing process, axial and tangential deflections of the highly flexible filaments lead to an adaptation to the shape of the workpiece and interaction between the filaments. The described complex contact behavior has been insufficiently investigated so far. For a better understanding of the contact between a brush and the workpiece surface, this paper presents a model based on physical principles. The model describes the dynamic behavior of a brush in contact with different workpiece geometries and consists of separate physical descriptions for the filaments of the brush, the workpiece surface and the occurring contacts. A description of a single filament is given by a multi-body system of rigid links. The rigid links are connected by joints which approximate the material behavior of the filaments. To approximate different geometries, the workpiece surface is specified by a polynomial. Contact can occur between the filaments and the workpiece surface as well as between the filaments. For the description of the occurring contacts, Hertz’s theory of elastic contact and Coulomb’s law of friction are used. The aforementioned physical descriptions are included in the Lagrange’s equations to obtain a system of equations of motion that calculates the deflection of the filaments of the brush and the acting forces during the contact with the workpiece surface. A numerical solution to the system of equations of motion was calculated by using experimentally determined material and contact properties of the filament. A comparison of the calculated forces with experimentally determined values shows good correlations for different workpiece surfaces and process parameters. In this context, the developed model calculates the progression and the maximum value of the acting contact forces. The results show a shorter contact length of the filament lc for a circular surface compared to a plane surface, and a rise of the maximum normal force Fn with the depth of cut ae. Furthermore, consideration of the filament interactions leads to a more accurate approximation of the brush-workpiece contact. Based on the findings, the developed model can be used to calculate predictions for different brushing processes which reduce the number of time-consuming preliminary tests for the process design.

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Hull, Emmett, Weston Grove, Meng Zhang, Xiaoxu Song, Z. J. Pei, and Weilong Cong. "Effects of Process Variables on Extrusion of Carbon Fiber Reinforced ABS Filament for Additive Manufacturing." In ASME 2015 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2015-9396.

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Additive manufacturing (3D printing) is a class of manufacturing processes where material is deposited in a layer-by-layer fashion to fabricate a three-dimensional part directly from a computer-aided design (CAD) model. With a current market share of 44%, thermoplastic-based additive manufacturing such as fused deposition modeling (FDM) is a prevailing technology. A preliminary extrusion process is required to produce thermoplastic filaments for use in FDM 3D printers. It is crucial that extruded filament must have constant dimensional accuracy for FDM 3D printers to produce the desired object with precision. In this study, carbon fibers were blended with acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) thermoplastics to produce carbon fiber reinforced ABS filaments in order to improve the mechanical properties of FDM-printed objects. During filament extrusion, three process variables showed significant effects on filament diameter, expansion percentage, and extrusion rate. These process variables included carbon fiber content, extrusion temperature, and nozzle size. The objective of this study is to test the feasible ranges of these process variables and to investigate their effects on filament extrusion. Results of this study will provide knowledge on quality improvement of carbon fiber reinforced ABS filament extrusion for additive manufacturing.

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Kroon, Martin. "A Theoretical Assessment of the Influence of Myosin Filament Dispersion on Smooth Muscle Contraction." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53071.

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A new constitutive model for the biomechanical behavior of smooth muscle tissue is employed to investigate the influence of statistical dispersion in the orientation of myosin filaments. The number of activated cross-bridges between the actin and myosin filaments governs the contractile force generated by the muscle and also the contraction speed. A strain-energy function is used to describe the mechanical behavior of the smooth muscle tissue. The predictions from the constitutive model are compared to histological and isometric tensile test results for smooth muscle tissue from swine carotid artery. In order to be able to predict the active stress at different muscle lengths, a filament dispersion significantly larger than the one observed experimentally was required. Furthermore, a comparison of the predicted active stress for a case of uniaxially oriented myosin filaments and a case of filaments with a dispersion based on the experimental histological data shows that the difference in generated stress is noticeable but limited. Thus, the results suggest that myosin filament dispersion alone cannot explain the increase in active muscle stress with increasing muscle stretch.

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Mertiny, Pierre, Christian Hansen, and Jens Kotlarski. "Structural Health Monitoring Using Embedded Metal Filaments in Polymer Composite Piping." In ASME 2009 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2009-77983.

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Compared to conventional metal piping, fiber-reinforced polymer composite (FRPC) pipe has several attractive characteristics, among them high corrosion resistance and strength-to-weight ratio. In addition, manufacturing processes commonly employed for FRPC piping, such as filament winding, facilitate the incorporation of liner systems that are intrinsically bonded to the structural pipe body, and structural health monitoring systems. The present study investigates how metallic filaments embedded in the liner structure or the structural pipe body can be employed for structural health monitoring purposes. Using electrical induction effects a direct contact to embedded metallic filaments may not be required; information on the structural health state of liner and pipe may be obtained using excitation and sensing coils located on the outside of the pipe. In this study the feasibility of such a system was demonstrated using filament-wound FRPC tubes with embedded strain-sensitive metallic filaments.

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Jun, Li De. "The Research of Broken Filaments Detection Device on Viscose Filament Yarn." In 2007 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Security Workshops (CISW 2007). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cisw.2007.4425643.

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Buehler, Markus J., and Je´re´mie Bertaud. "Hierarchical Structure Controls Nanomechanical Properties of Vimentin Intermediate Filaments." In ASME 2010 First Global Congress on NanoEngineering for Medicine and Biology. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nemb2010-13103.

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Intermediate filaments (often abbreviated as IFs), in addition to microtubules and microfilaments, are one of the three major components of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells (Figure 1). It has been suggested that intermediate filaments are crucial in defining key mechanical functions of cells such as cell migration, cell division and mechanotransduction, and have also been referred to as the “safety belts of cells” reflecting their role in preventing exceedingly large cell stretch [1, 2]. Vimentin is a specific type of this protein filament found in fibroblasts, leukocytes, and blood vessel endothelial cells, representing the most widely distributed type of intermediate filaments. Several diseases have been linked to the structure and density of intermediate filaments. Here we report a systematic study of the effects of intermediate filaments on cell mechanics, specifically focused on changes in the density of filaments. We compare the results with experimental studies in vimentin deficient cells, showing good qualitative agreement.

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Khan, Mujibur R., Hassan Mahfuz, and Andreas Kyriacou. "Synthesis and Characterization of Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) Reinforced With Functionalized CNTs." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-68034.

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A systematic approach was undertaken to increase strength, modulus, and toughness of low density polyethylene (LDPE) filaments through infusion of functionalized CNT and ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). CNTs were functionalized with OH functional groups using chemical treatment. Functionalized CNTs and UHMWPE were first dry mixed with LDPE, and filaments were then drawn using a melt extrusion process. Loading of UHMWPE varied from 8–10 wt% while that of CNT was at 2–4 wt%. LDPE has been infused first with UHMWPE, and then with both UHMWPE and CNT, and filaments were extruded. Neat LDPE filaments were also extruded as control samples. Individual filaments from each category were tested under tension according to ASTM D3379-75. In addition, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies were also conducted to measure changes in thermal and crystalline behavior. Filament tests have revealed that the tensile elongation of LDPE can be increased by about 200% with the addition of 10 wt% UHMWPE. This is however, is accompanied by a loss of about 50% ultimate tensile strength. In the next step, when 2 wt% CNTs and 8 wt% UHMWPE are added, tensile strength of the composite filament is restored to the level of neat LDPE (∼ 25 MPa) with an increase in modulus by 44% and in ultimate fracture strain by about 60% compared to that of neat LDPE. The source of improvement has been traced as formation of copolymer between LDPE and UHMWPE and strong interfacial interaction between the CNT and the polymers.

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Park, Jiyong, Byungnam Kahng, and Wonmuk Hwang. "Supramolecular Structure and Stability of the GNNQQNY β-Sheet Bilayer Filament: A Computational Study." In ASME 2007 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2007-175588.

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Self-assembly of β-sheet forming peptides into filaments has drawn great interests in biomedical applications [1,2]; Hydrogels formed by filaments self-assembled from de novo designed peptides possess potential applications for cell culture scaffolds [3]. On the other hand, peptides derived from amyloidogenic proteins in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s also form similar β-sheet filaments in vitro. They share little sequence homology, yet filaments formed by these self-assembling peptides commonly have the cross-β structure, the key signature of the amyloid fibril. Detailed structural information of the self-assembled β-sheet filaments has been limited partly due to the difficulty in preparing ordered filament samples, and it has been only recently that solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance and x-ray techniques have revealed their molecular structure at the atomic level [4,5]. Although molecular structures of amyloid fibrils are becoming available, physical principles governing their self-assembly and the properties of the filaments are not well-understood, for which computational as well as theoretical approaches are desirable [6].

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Reports on the topic "Filamenty"

1

Farabaugh, E. N., A. Felfman, and L. Robins. Influence of Filament Geometry on Hot Filament Growth of Diamond Films. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada231818.

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Trent, J. D., H. K. Kagawa, Takuro Yaoi, E. Olle, and N. J. Zaluzec. Chaperonin filaments: The archael cytoskeleton. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/510354.

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Seki, Daikichi, Kenichi Otsuji, Takako T. Ishii, Kumi Hirose, Tomoya Iju, Satoru UeNo, Denis Cabezas, et al. SMART/SDDI Filament Disappearance Catalogue. Balkan, Black sea and Caspian sea Regional Network for Space Weather Studies, March 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31401/sungeo.2019.02.01.

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Seki, Daikichi, Kenichi Otsuji, Takako T. Ishii, Kumi Hirose, Tomoya Iju, Satoru UeNo, Denis Cabezas, et al. SMART/SDDI Filament Disappearance Catalogue. Balkan, Black sea and Caspian sea Regional Network for Space Weather Studies, March 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31401/sungeo.2020.02.01.

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ZUTAVERN, FRED J., ALBERT G. BACA, WENG W. CHOW, MICHAEL J. HAFICH, HAROLD P. HJALMARSON, GUILLERMO M. LOUBRIEL, ALAN MAR, MARTIN W. O'MALLEY, and GREGORY A. VAWTER. Current Filament Semiconductor Lasers (CFSL). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/780317.

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Kinney, R., T. Tajima, N. Petviashvili, and J. C. McWilliams. Filamentary magnetohydrodynamic plasmas. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10167173.

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Calini, Annalisa. Integrable Dynamics of Knotted Vortex Filaments. GIQ, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/giq-5-2004-11-50.

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Vogt, G. J., and J. D. Katz. Microwave processing of ceramic oxide filaments. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/105136.

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Eric Carlson. HIGHER EFFICIENCY FILAMENTS FOR INCANDESCENT LAMPS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/828972.

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Petviashvili, V. A filament model of MHD turbulence. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/451196.

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