Journal articles on the topic 'Fields of Research – 220000 Social Sciences, Humanities and Arts-General'
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1
Daniel, Ana Dias, Shahzada Adeel, and Anabela Botelho. "Entrepreneurial Alertness Research: Past and Future." SAGE Open 11, no. 3 (July 2021): 215824402110315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440211031535.
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The construct of entrepreneurial alertness has been gaining considerable interest from academics because it is at the heart of the entrepreneurial process. Consequently, there has been a substantial increase in the number of academic papers over the years. However, this is a highly fragmented field of research that aggregates contributions from researchers in the fields of economics and strategy, entrepreneurship, and psychology. Also, in recent decades, the concept of entrepreneurial alertness has been studied from different perspectives, being considered, on one hand, as cognitive capacity, a dynamic capacity or a skill of the entrepreneur and, on the other hand, as an organizational factor that affects a company’s performance and a source of competitive advantage. The analysis reveals a set of future research avenues that may contribute to the development of the entrepreneurial alertness research field.
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Zhou, Yan, and Jong-Wook Kwon. "Overview of Hofstede-Inspired Research Over the Past 40 Years: The Network Diversity Perspective." SAGE Open 10, no. 3 (July 2020): 215824402094742. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244020947425.
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Hofstede’s cultural value framework has inspired many empirical studies in various fields. Scholars have advanced our understanding of how the Hofstede value model is used. However, there remain a number of underexplored areas regarding the ways in which Hofstede’s framework has been used over the last decade. Drawing on the co-authorship network and cultural diversity literature, we attempt to make a contribution that goes beyond the existing research by addressing underexplored areas, namely, the network diversity of institutions, authors, and countries engaged in Hofstede-inspired research. As a result, the cultural diversity and diversity of specialization of the networks of institutions, authors, and countries engaged in research incorporating the Hofstede framework are still too Western-based and psychology-oriented to acquire new research directions and increase innovation opportunities in new fields. We summarize the possible limitations of this study and provide some future research directions, including how to expand networks, the influence of author identity on networks, the appropriate number of authors and the diversity level of participants in a network, and the main motivations of author co-authorship networks.
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WOODS, MICHAEL E. "Interdisciplinary Studies of the Civil War Era: Recent Trends and Future Prospects." Journal of American Studies 51, no. 2 (December 6, 2016): 349–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875816001973.
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Interdisciplinary scholarship on the era of the American Civil War has invigorated a well-trodden field. This essay addresses recent scholarship on the history of emotions, medicine, and the environment in the Civil War era, analyzing key themes and suggesting areas for future research. Together, these fields have added nuance to the “dark turn” in Civil War studies, historicized concepts often treated ahistorically, and allowed Civil War historians to engage in meaningful conversations with scholars in other fields and disciplines.
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Purkon, Arip. "POLITICAL PARTIES AND ISLAMIC LAW POSITIVIZATION IN CONTEMPORARY INDONESIAN GOVERNANCE." Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 9, no. 2 (March 18, 2021): 75–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2021.928.
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Purpose of the study: This research aims to analyze the existence of Islamic law formalized into Indonesian law in the Reformation Era from 1999 to 2019 and explore whether it is legally stronger or weaker. Also tries to explore what Islamic law fields are formalized into Indonesian national law.
Methodology: This research is qualitative research that is doctrinal law research with juridical analysis methods. The main source of research data is the law established between 1999-2019. Data is described systematically and objectively, then analyzed using content analysis techniques.
Main Findings: During the Reformation Era 1999-2019, 17 Indonesian national laws contained formal Islamic law. The legal position of Islamic law became stronger in several fields, namely hajj (pilgrimage) and umrah management, management of zakat, implementation of special privileges Aceh Province, endowments (waqf) management, religious courts, state sharia securities, Islamic banking, halal product guarantee, marriage law and the existence of pesantren (Islamic boarding school).
Applications of this study: This study is useful as a model example of a relationship between religion and state. Islamic law can be transformed into state law without changing the state principles. This research also provides a solution to Muslims (they are the majority in Indonesia) that Islamic law can be constituted as national law constitutionally and tolerant of other religious communities.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The object of research is positivization in contemporary Indonesian governance that has been enacted between 1999-2019. In terms of time, this is very representative and updated.
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Capano, Giliberto, and Michael Howlett. "The Knowns and Unknowns of Policy Instrument Analysis: Policy Tools and the Current Research Agenda on Policy Mixes." SAGE Open 10, no. 1 (January 2020): 215824401990056. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244019900568.
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Policies are made and pursue their goals through policy instruments. Furthermore, policy instruments have become a relevant topic in many policy fields due to their theoretical and empirical relevance. The study of this field dates back to Lowi and others who developed many typologies and theories in classic works by authors such as Hood, Salamon, Linder and Peters, Peters and van Nispen, Schneider and Ingram, Lascomes and Le Galès, among others. This is important work that is linked closely to current research on policy design but, despite much effort, many fundamental issues remain unknown or understudied with respect to the topic. It is time to take inventory of the knowns and unknowns about policy tools. The current article examines four clusters of basic issues in the field which require further research.
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Ptashkin, Alexander. "The Category of Deviation in the Novel The Master and Margarita by Mikhail Bulgakov." SAGE Open 11, no. 3 (July 2021): 215824402110326. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440211032670.
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This research deals with revealing various linguistic units: lexemes and collocations within the framework of semantic fields of notional components of the category of deviation that are reflected in the works of professional translators, Michael Glenny, Richard Pevear, and Larissa Volokhonsky of The Master and Margarita by Mikhail Bulgakov in the English language. The author takes the method of conceptual analysis of the linguistic units of expressing different parts of semantic fields of components of the mental unit of deviation in English as the basic one here. Lexemes and collocations are also the focus of a contextual method of reviewing the translators’ approaches to the linguistic units of the work under analysis. Different semantic spheres based on personal and professional experience of Michael Glenny, Richard Pevear, and Larissa Volokhonsky reflect the category of deviation in translations of the novel under study. This category includes the central part and periphery. The central part implies the lexemes and collocations of neutral-bookish style, and the periphery means lexical units of informal style. The author also distinguishes the interpretative field within the semantic fields of the category of deviation. The results given in this article can be a basis for comparative analysis of translations within one language or as a source of a contrastive analysis of literary works.
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Alyousef, Hesham Suleiman. "Structure of Research Article Abstracts in Political Science: A Genre-Based Study." SAGE Open 11, no. 3 (July 2021): 215824402110407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440211040797.
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The research article (RA) abstract is the first section researchers read to determine its relevance to their interests. Researchers need to possess an implicit knowledge of the rhetorical move structure and organization of this section. Unlike most scientific disciplines, political science RA abstracts are unstructured, that is, with no headings (or moves), which makes it more challenging. To the best of our knowledge, the rhetorical move structure in high readership political science RA abstracts has not been researched. This study investigated (a) the rhetorical move structure in 120 political science RA abstracts from six high-impact journals, (b) the most common move patterns, and (c) the move(s) occupying most textual space. The findings indicated the lack of obligatory moves. A move structure model for writing a political science RA abstract is proposed, comprising four conventional moves (Introduction [I]–Purpose [P]–Methods [M]–Results [R]) and two optional step/move, namely, Research Gap step and Discussion [D] move. The results also showed that the first most frequent move pattern is I-P-M-R-D, followed by I-P-M-R and the I-P-R-D. The fact that an RA abstract summarizes the whole RA results in move embedding, particularly in the four moves, I-P-M-R. The findings revealed the importance of the Results move as it occupied nearly one third of text space. The results may contribute to the fields of discourse and genre studies. They may provide invaluable insights for novice political science researchers attempting to publish their work in high-ranking journals. The proposed move structure model can act as a guide for English for Academic Purposes (EAP)/English for Specific Purposes (ESP) tutors and political science authors.
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Khan, Muhammad Asad, Fadillah Binti Ismail, Altaf Hussain, and Basheer Alghazali. "The Interplay of Leadership Styles, Innovative Work Behavior, Organizational Culture, and Organizational Citizenship Behavior." SAGE Open 10, no. 1 (January 2020): 215824401989826. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244019898264.
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Leadership stains affect the follower’s performances regarding innovative work behavior, and a gap is found in leadership research in higher education, specifically in Pakistan. The basic purpose of this research is to point out the effect of leadership styles on innovative work behavior under the mediating and moderating roles of organizational culture and organizational citizenship behavior among the Head of the Departments (HODs) in higher education institutions (HEIs). A survey method has been carried out to collect data from 160 respondents to, further, verify how leadership styles of academic leaders affect employees’ performances in universities. The statistical study exposes a substantial positive effect of leadership styles on innovative work behaviors of employees highlighting mediating and moderating effects of organizational culture and OCB on such a relationship. This study carries various implications for prior research in both theoretical and practical fields, and its scope may also be enlarged, geographically or institutionally, to another context. This research uncovers the relationship of leadership styles and innovative work behavior in academic research, which has been ignored before in higher education of Pakistan.
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Ayar, Ilknur, and Ahmet Gürbüz. "Sustainable Consumption Intentions of Consumers in Turkey: A Research Within the Theory of Planned Behavior." SAGE Open 11, no. 3 (July 2021): 215824402110475. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440211047563.
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Sustainable consumption can be a way to minimize the environmental impact of the rapidly growing consumption phenomenon. However, sustainable consumer behavior changes depending on many different factors and determining these factors is very important for many disciplines. This study aims to determine the sustainable consumption behavior of consumers and the factors affecting this behavior within the framework of Planned Behavior Theory, which is used in many fields in the literature. The research was conducted within the framework of attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavior control as well as altruistic values variables added to the model. Research data survey method with Turkey/Kastamonu were collected from the consumers in the province. The questionnaire was adapted using previous studies, and its validity and reliability analysis were made. Research data were tested with Structural Equation Modeling, which is used frequently in social sciences and behavioral sciences. As a result; It has been revealed that the variables of Planned Behavior Theory, which are attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and also the altruistic values dimension added to the model have a statistically significant effect on sustainable consumption intention, and intention has an effect on sustainable consumption behavior. It was concluded that perceived behavioral control has no direct effect on sustainable consumption behavior. These findings have important consequences for a large number of individuals and organizations such as policy makers, scientists, environmental organizations, health organizations, and businesses.
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Vega-Gómez, F. I., F. J. Miranda González, and J. Pérez-Mayo. "Analyzing the Effects of Institutional- and Ecosystem-Level Variables on University Spin-Off Performance." SAGE Open 10, no. 2 (April 2020): 215824402093111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244020931116.
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Academic entrepreneurship has been one of the main research fields over the past 20 years, specifically due to the interest of policy makers in this topic. Initially, this interest focused on the creation of university spin-off (USO) firms; although given the new circumstances of the university and its context, there is a need to steer the research topic toward survival. This is because the simple creation of USOs, without their being able to survive or create value, is useless. This article focuses on one of the determining factors of the success of USOs, as measured by employment and sales growth: the influence of institutional- and ecosystem-level variables. Through a backward sequential process, our results show that the business size and the public support in the field of training and bureaucracy are the main elements that affect success.
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Kotera, Atsushi. "GREAT WALL?: OVERCOMING THE BOUNDARY BETWEEN EURO-AMERICAN AND SINO-JAPANESE SINOLOGIES." International Journal of Asian Studies 6, no. 2 (July 2009): 219–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479591409000229.
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It is well known that the nations of Europe and North America take the lead in the majority of disciplines in the academic world today. In most fields, unless a scholarly work makes reference in some way or other to the findings of Euro-American research, it is not considered worthy of mention. It is not, however, so common for the accomplishments of Euro-American scholars to be taken up by Japanese and Chinese scholars working in the field of ancient Chinese history. Presumably one reason for this is that in East Asia, especially in Japan and China, there are long and rich traditions of scholarship on Chinese ancient history that reach back to premodern times. Yet to just what extent is the research of European and American scholars referenced in the introductory books and general surveys concerning ancient Chinese history that are published in Japan and China?
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Kemppainen, Laura, Veera Koskinen, Harley Bergroth, Eetu Marttila, and Teemu Kemppainen. "Health and Wellness–Related Travel: A Scoping Study of the Literature in 2010-2018." SAGE Open 11, no. 2 (April 2021): 215824402110137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440211013792.
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Health and wellness–related travel, also known as medical tourism, is a topical phenomenon with a wide range of effects in both local and transnational contexts. This scoping study examines the literature on this phenomenon from the perspective of travelers. The literature search was conducted using three databases (EBSCOhost, Web of Science, and SCOPUS) and covered the period from 2010 to 2018. The results show that the literature is divided into two academic fields: social sciences and tourism. Travel from the Global North to the Global South still dominates the field of medical travel research, and studies on South-to-South or intra-regional travel are underrepresented. There is a need for a more in-depth qualitative understanding of travelers’ lived experiences and for studies with more advanced quantitative methods and longitudinal research designs. We call for more interdisciplinary and theoretical approaches to health and wellness–related travel and propose a conceptual model that considers travelers’ intent (medical/wellness) and status (patient/tourist).
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Hoang, Cuong Huu, and Trang Thi Doan Dang. "Developing a Framework to Explore Local Researchers’ Engagement with Global Academia: The Case of Vietnamese Social Sciences Scholars." Asian Social Science 17, no. 5 (April 27, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v17n5p1.
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In recent years, local scholars have been playing an increasingly significant role in the global knowledge system. However, in the context of Vietnam, interaction and engagement between Vietnamese social sciences researchers (VSSRs) with the global academic world are limited despite efforts from the Vietnamese government and tertiary institutions. This study explores the barriers that prevent Vietnamese scholars engaging with the international academic community. Eighty-two Vietnamese scholars in various fields of social sciences responded to an online self-reporting questionnaire including 13 closed-ended and nine open-ended questions. The results show that various individual factors (e.g., the researchers’ inadequate proficiency in English or limited research capacities), organisational factors (e.g., the lack of a supportive research environment, the lack of funding and resources, and unsupportive policies), and broader factors (e.g., political censors or the tradition of social research) could significantly influence VSSRs’ engagement with global academia. The study underlines the need for in-depth scholar-centred research to understand the process in which local researchers, who are disadvantaged by their contextual factors, participate in the international academic community. More importantly, findings are used to develop a potential framework to study local researchers’ academic engagement with global academia.
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Jaffar, Nosheen. "DECIPHERING THE FAIRYTALE: DECONSTRUCTION OF ROMANCE THROUGH THE CONSTRUCTION OF SELF IN PYGMALION." Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 9, no. 3 (May 20, 2021): 459–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2021.9347.
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Purpose: This study examines Eliza’s character in Bernard Shaw’s play Pygmalion and her construction of self through the deconstruction of romance in the play.
Methodology: This research is a qualitative study applying the content analysis method. A qualitative research design was adopted to investigate and look at various traits of the main character and her evolution to become an independent, thinking, and opinionated individual towards the end. The research data in this paper is drawn from two primary sources: literary books and articles.
Main Findings: The analysis of the text unravels the transformation of the character and her eventual emancipation from the shackles of the expected programmed behavior.
Applications: This paper can be used by literary scholars, and students.
Novelty/Originality: In the past, many researchers have contributed articles on the thematic analysis of Pygmalion, while this paper approached the play from both linguistic and thematic viewpoints and provided insights for other researchers in the field. The insights based on language analysis of Pygmalion presented in this paper can be a model for other researchers in the interdisciplinary fields of language and literature to apply similar approaches to analyze literary texts.
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Molony, Thomas, and Daniel Hammett. "The Friendly Financier: Talking Money with the Silenced Assistant." Human Organization 66, no. 3 (September 1, 2007): 292–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/humo.66.3.74n7x53x7r40332h.
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In many academic fields the researcher often financially remunerates both research assistants and participants. Literature covers the ethics involved in paying informants. Both research design and research methodology literature covers many important aspects of the research process, but neither pays much attention to the issue of research assistants. These relationships can be complicated by the dynamics of an outsider researcher working in a southern context. Drawing upon examples of researcher-research assistant in the field, in Tanzania and South Africa, this paper explores the ethics of financial transactions in researcher-assistant relationships and the ways in which wealth asymmetry can affect the working relationship. We conclude by stating our belief that these issues have not been adequately addressed elsewhere, and that there is an imperative for due consideration in training and planning for these relationships to be considered as integral and visible to the research and writing phases.
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Zyoud, Shaher H., and Ahed H. Zyoud. "Visualization and Mapping of Knowledge and Science Landscapes in Expert Systems With Applications Journal: A 30 Years’ Bibliometric Analysis." SAGE Open 11, no. 2 (April 2021): 215824402110275. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440211027574.
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The Expert Systems With Applications (ESWA) is a leading journal in the fields of computer science and engineering. Motivated by its outstanding performance, this paper seeks to develop a comprehensive overview of research activities in ESWA since its inception in 1990. In this regard, bibliometric techniques have been utilized to characterize the status quo, dynamics, and development trends of research patterns in ESWA. In doing so, the work used Scopus database as a source of data required. A data visualization software, visualization of similarities (VOS) viewer, was used to map the bibliographic material. The Scopus database yielded 12,254 documents published in ESWA from 105 countries with an average of 408 documents/year. The most productive country was Taiwan (2,069 documents; 17.0%). National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, was the most productive institution (219 documents; 1.8%). The major topics which will continue to be active include genetic algorithms, data mining, neural networks, support vector machines, classification and machine learning, feature selection, particle swarm optimization, fuzzy logic, and clustering. The outcomes underline the significant growth of ESWA through time. The vitality of topics addressed in ESWA to solve real-world problems boosts the progress and advancements of knowledge in this journal.
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Kulstad-González, Tess. "Transborder Disasters and Vulnerability: The Case of the 2010 Earthquake in Haiti." Human Organization 78, no. 4 (December 2019): 278–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/0018-7259.78.4.278.
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This paper examines how disasters unfold in transborder contexts. Using ethnographic research collected in the Haitian-Dominican border town of Comendador, Elías Piña after the 2010 earthquake, this paper reveals how transborder social relations distribute disaster damage beyond the bounded and static frameworks that characterized post-disaster discourse. It also exposes the limitations of utilizing geopolitical boundaries to frame hazards and disasters. The concept of disaster fields is proposed as an alternative configuration that considers interconnections between direct impact areas and distant locations.
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Iqbal, Liaqat, Farooq Shah, Akbar Ali, and Irfan Ullah. "SOCIAL MATRIX AND CONSTRUCTION OF GENDER IDENTITY IN NATHANIEL HAWTHORN’S THE SCARLET LETTER." Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 9, no. 3 (May 6, 2021): 182–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2021.9320.
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Purpose of the study: The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorn, already explored from different perspectives by many researchers, has relevance to the social matrix that how gender identity is constructed in the text. In order to explore this perspective, the study deals with the character of Hester Prynne as how she is deconstructing normative gender.
Methodology: For this purpose, the theory of ‘Imitation and Gender Insubordination’ presented by Butler (1993) has been applied. Secondly, the study tries to answer the gender identity of Hester Prynne by using Freudian ‘Identification of gender.’ Lastly, the work is concerned with Hester Prynne’s avoiding the danger of being leper and castaway. The last analysis owes itself to the Freudian understanding of psychoanalysis.
Main Findings: The findings show that gender is purely volatile and oscillating and is usually being constructed by feminist narratives, social appropriations, inborn congenital schema, and sexual orientations. Butler’s arguments get augmented in this study through the analysis of a few characters, particularly Hester Prynne’s, and it has indicated that through the application of Butler’s arguments on gender stance that gender is performative and hence, it has no real or inborn value/definitions. Therefore, it is inferred that gender is performative and is socially constructed.
Application of this study: This study has implications in literature in general, gender studies, and related fields in particular.
Novelty/Originality of this study: Though Nathaniel Hawthorn’s The Scarlet Letter had been written long before that has been explored from different perspectives, the present research is original and new in the sense that it brings social matrix and discusses gender issues in it both from the social and psychological interpretations.
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Chakravorty, Swastika, Srinivas Goli, and K. S. James. "Family Demography in India: Emerging Patterns and Its Challenges." SAGE Open 11, no. 2 (April 2021): 215824402110081. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440211008178.
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Family has always been an important unit of analysis in an effort to improve and understand human development. Studying the changes in the institution of family and households keeping in view the demographic, social, and economic transitions also becomes imperative. So far, in our knowledge, there are very few studies based in India have investigated the household size and family formation patterns, while a few of them have looked into its possible causes or associations and demographic, economic, and social repercussions. In particular, as per our knowledge, there is no evidence on who is losing and who is gaining among family members due to the unprecedented transition in family forms in India. This paper serves a twofold purpose as first it seeks to explore and enrich the field of family demography in India by studying the existing evidence in the field as well as allied fields to understand how family serves as the nuclei directing individuals and communities toward certain behaviors and choices which consequently translate into larger social, economic and demographic transitions. Second, it also discusses the missing links and scope in the field of family demography in India as compared to the developed societies to provide future research prospects in this area.
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Zhang, Hongjun, and Kehui Deng. "Research on the Application of Unity3D in the Protection and Inheritance of Intangible Cultural Heritage." Asian Social Science 15, no. 11 (October 24, 2019): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v15n11p89.
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Intangible Cultural Heritage is an important part in the soul of a region. The protection and inheritance of existing intangible cultural heritage projects are of great historical and realistic significance to the historical and cultural heritage of the city and the promotion of national, scientific and popular socialist culture. Unity3D is a comprehensive game engine based on multi-platform, it has the characteristics of specialization, and it also has obvious effect in other fields. This article focuses on the application of unity3d in the field of protection and inheritance of intangible cultural heritage, summarizes the general process and matters needing attention in the production of protection and inheritance works and hopes to provide some help for future related work.
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Onoyeyan, Glory O., and Vincent Unegbu. "Awareness as Determinant of Choice of Law Librarianship as a Career Among Law Students in South-West Nigeria." SAGE Open 9, no. 3 (July 2019): 215824401985908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244019859086.
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Several career paths are open to law graduates. Many of them pursue careers in other fields without giving a thought to law librarianship. The fact that majority of law students do not consider law librarianship as a career option is undesirable for the future of law librarianship. The future of law librarianship profession may depend on awareness. The study therefore examined the influence of awareness on the career choice of law librarianship among law students in South-West, Nigeria. The study employed the survey research design. The population for the study was 2,945 undergraduate law students in the in the 12 purposively selected universities that run the approved undergraduate law program up to 500 level in South-West, Nigeria. Krejcie and Morgan’s formula was used to select the sample size of 597. The instrument for data collection was a validated questionnaire. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for the constructs ranged from .80 to .89. The return rate was 94%. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The result showed that awareness of law librarianship significantly influenced law students’ choice of law librarianship as a career. The study also revealed that law students were slightly aware of law librarianship as a choice of career. Results indicated that the inclination to pursue a career in law librarianship was based on altruistic consideration.
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Kiklewicz, Aleksander. "Polish and Russian School of Cultural Linguistics: Similarity and Differences of Approaches." Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski 10, no. 2 (December 30, 2019): 273–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/pw.5480.
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The author reviews contemporary cultural linguistics (as one of the fields of anthropological linguistics) in two Slavic countries: Poland and Russia. The first part of the article discusses the general theoretical foundations of cultural linguistics, as well as the circumstances in which it was established in Poland and Russia (USSR). In the second part, the author discusses the distinguishing features of both linguistic traditions. So he writes that in Russia, researchers are more interested in linguoculturology, in particular in the description of concepts and the so-called konceptosphere. In Poland there is a stronger tradition of researching folk culture, folk psychology and folk language, for this reason the methodology of Polish research is based to a greater extent on empirical procedures, such as field research and surveys.
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Chu, Xiaodong, Jianxin Kuang, and Jun Liu. "The Research on Evaluation of College Students’ Ability to Achieve the Physical Exercising Habit and Volition." Asian Social Science 14, no. 6 (May 28, 2018): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v14n6p118.
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With the development of modern society, the competition in all fields is becoming increasingly intensified. Therefore, people must be strong in volition if they want to stand out in such a competitive society. Especially for college students, they should form strong volition with the help of school education, or it will be difficult for them to make a career in the future. The research on college students’ ability to develop the physical exercising habit and volition is vital to the physical education of college students. This paper researches on the feasibility of developing college students’ ability to form volition by developing their physical exercising habit through school education, and analyses the influence factors of the formation of volition, hoping to give some theoretical references to the evaluation system of the ability to develop the physical exercising habit and volition.
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Gond, Jean-Pascal, and Christine Moser. "Critical Essay: The reconciliation of fraternal twins: Integrating the psychological and sociological approaches to ‘micro’ corporate social responsibility." Human Relations 74, no. 1 (October 21, 2019): 5–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018726719864407.
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Aguinis and Glavas’ call for a deeper understanding of the microfoundations of corporate social responsibility has spurred a growing number of empirical micro-CSR (corporate social responsibility) studies. Micro-CSR scholars share the common goal of developing a clear picture of the microfoundations of CSR—a holistic theoretical and empirical understanding of how individual actions and interactions drive CSR-related activity—but pursue this objective from a variety of angles. Our research suggests that although many scholars work under the same ‘micro-CSR’ banner, they approach their goal from a wide range of disciplines, use different methodologies, and study different phenomena. In this critical essay, we show that most micro-CSR research can be classified in one of two distinct sub-fields: ‘psychological micro-CSR’ and ‘sociological micro-CSR.’ We compare the differences between these orientations (including their distinct empirical approaches, and contributions of both fields of micro-CSR) and explore possible opportunities for cross-fertilization between the psychological and sociological approaches. Finally, we suggest ways in which micro-CSR scholars could exploit the complementarities and eliminate the blind spots common to the two dominant micro-CSR approaches.
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Krapivnyk, Ganna. "Apocalyptic motifs and images in media texts on Brexit and Ukrainian elections." Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski 11, no. 2 (December 30, 2020): 117–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/pw.6495.
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The paper provides the linguistic analysis of verbalising apocalyptic motifs and images in the media texts, devoted to the topical processes of Brexit and Ukrainian elections. It was confirmed that these motifs and images serve as a tool for influencing the recipients and noted that the consideration of the linguistic realization of images and motifs in the texts of media resources refers to the rapidly developing field of media linguistics. The word families, enriching Ukrainian and English with the neologisms related to the above extra-linguistic processes were singled out. The semantic fields of the considered images and motifs were described. Suggestions for further research were outlined.
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Dziuba, Dariusz T. "INITIATIVES FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF REGIONAL CROWDFUNDING SYSTEMS IN THE FINANCIAL GROUP OF GERMAN SAVINGS AND VOLKS- RAIFFEISEN BANKS." Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 9, no. 4 (July 11, 2021): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2021.945.
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Purpose of the Study: The subject of consideration is crowdfunding as an innovative method of acquiring sponsors for the implementation of projects. The considerations were devoted to the initiatives of the Sparkassen-Finanzgruppe and the Volks-Raiffeisen banks in the implementation of regional crowdfunding systems in these banks. The aim of the research was to answer the following question: what are the sizes (in terms of value and quantity) of the analyzed market sub-segment and its specificity. Methodology: Crowdfunding platforms were identified at individual savings banks and VR banks. The data was searched on internet resources, supported by, inter alia, lists of such financial institutions. The final data was obtained directly from the websites of financial institutions, or they were aggregated. The research was carried out at the turn of May and June 2021, with data verification as of June 7, 2021.Main Findings: The article explores a specific market segment in Germany - savings banks and Volks-Raiffeisen banks that implement donation crowdfunding platforms. The scope of implementation of such systems was determined by identifying individual analyzed financial institutions. Methods of project co-financing by banks were highlighted. The value of accumulated financial resources (capital) and the scope of project implementation were measured, separating the size of the market sub-segment under study. The examined systems collectively obtained a relatively large amount, over EUR 86.3 million.
Applications of the Study: The presented article relates to the use of crowdfunding methods in selected financial institutions: German savings banks and VR banks. This implies considerations in several scientific fields, incl. economics and finance (the possibility of measuring the market segment; the specificity of banks' operation), IT (in economic applications), or sociology (relations between donors / sponsors and financial institutions).
Novelty / Originality of this Study: Scientific literature on the use of crowdfunding in financial institutions, in particular the measurement of the size of this market segment, is practically non-existent. Thus, getting to know the specifics and distinguishing in this article the size (in terms of value and quantity) of the crowdfunding sub-segment in German savings banks and VR banks, although partial, seems promising. This opens a pool of further studies in this area with the possibility of comparing them.
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Skënderi Rakipllari, Elsa. "A framing analysis of the debate about waste imports in Albania." Ars & Humanitas 14, no. 1 (June 24, 2020): 215–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/ars.14.1.215-229.
Full textAbstract:
This paper focuses on an essentially environmental and recurrent debate about foreign waste imports in Albania. The aim of this paper is to examine the frames that are used by parties in this debate in order to persuade the public in favour of or against importing foreign waste. The representative actors of the foreign waste debate are politicians and environmental activists. Salient fragments of their speeches were collected and divided into two groups (in favour vs. against). Framing analysis is a widely used methodological approach in social sciences, with various conceptualizations in different research fields, such as in communication studies (Entman 1993), linguistics (Fillmore’s semantic frames; critical discourse analysis frames or schemata), psychology (frames in thought), sociology (frames in communication). The theoretical background section of the paper provides an overview of these main approaches in defining, detecting and extracting frames. In the present paper a linguistic approach is employed to detect and reconstruct frames of the debate. Following the methodological technique applied by Touri and Koteyko (2015), the frame packages extracted are: (a) environmental threat/ damage, (b) Albania’s existing problem with its own waste, (c) the Mafia, (d) the European Union, and (e) economic development. The analysis shows that frames are crucial in understanding how an issue is characterized in persuasive discourse when speakers draw attention to certain aspects of reality by dismissing others.
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Carrigan, Coleen, Noah Krigel, Mira Banerjee Brown, and Michelle Bardini. "Articulating a Succinct Description: An Applied Method for Catalyzing Cultural Change." Human Organization 80, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 128–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/1938-3525-80.2.128.
Full textAbstract:
Articulating a Succinct Description uses ethnographic data to create case study interventions facilitated with people who belong to the culture with whom the ethnographer is engaged. We do so in order to disseminate research findings, address problems presented in the case, and collect additional data for further collective analysis. Further, Articulating a Succinct Description is designed as a means of intervention for underrepresented group members to be heard and gain support and promote equity engagement among majority members in efforts to create more inclusive cultures. In this paper, we validate this method using findings from its application with engineering students at a public university. This method allowed us to view engineering culture not as monolithic, but rather as one with multiple sets of cultural beliefs, values, and behaviors. In particular, we noted a behavior among students we’ve called Swing Staters, who expressed meritocratic beliefs, yet, who we argue, may be critical to reducing bias in engineering education. These findings, analyzed along interwoven threads of race and gender, demonstrate the efficacy of the Articulating a Succinct Description method and contribute to efforts in engineering education to advance pedagogical tools to reduce bias and exclusions in these fields.
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Saeed, Amna, and Aiman Rehman. "THE EXISTENTIAL ALIENATION OF THE FEMININE SELF IN THIS HOUSE OF CLAY AND WATER BY FAIQA MANSAB." Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 9, no. 1 (January 29, 2021): 69–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2021.917.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose of the study: The present study aims to analyze the text This House of Clay and Water (2017) by Mansab, through the Existentialist Feminist lens in the light of Simone de Beauvoir’s theory as explained in her revolutionary work, The Second Sex (2009). The purpose of the study is not only to highlight women’s oppression/ othering in marriage due to patriarchy but also to mark the role of the ‘husband’ as crucial to the understanding of women’s emotional abandonment in marriage.
Methodology: The study is qualitative and uses a descriptive analysis of the selected text. The method of literary analysis used in the text is based on a close reading of the narrative description and events of alienation of the identity persona of the protagonist in the text.
Main Findings: The present study draws on Simone de Beauvoir’s ideas about how women are treated as others by the male subject in marriage resulting in a feeling of frustration, identity loss alienation, and existential crisis. Moreover, the role of the husband is crucial to avoid this crisis in women after marriage.
Application of the study: This study can have many applications in various fields. The study demonstrates the impacts of social and cultural stereotypes on women as well as the role of patriarchy and resulting alienation. This study can have many applications in gender and feminist studies. This study can also be helpful in the academic setting for research purposes especially in feminism, gender studies, and female existentialism.
The novelty of the study: The present study demonstrates how the protagonist feels entrapped and suffocated in her home, forced to live a life of false hope due to the impositions placed on her by her parents, her husband, her in-laws, and the patriarchal society which resultantly creates a feeling of alienation. The study concludes how dissuading a woman from her true self and forcing her to exist as an object results in a feeling of dissatisfaction, existential crisis, and alienation. The selected text has not been explored through the lens of Existential Feminism before.
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Kos, Mateja. "The Importance of National Museums in Preserving Collective Memory." Ars & Humanitas 13, no. 1 (August 20, 2019): 234–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/ah.13.1.234-247.
Full textAbstract:
Research into memory, which has been carried out in recent decades by researchers in the fields of social sciences and humanities, is also important in the field of museology.Museums collect objects that, at the time of transition, lose their original function they have in previous everyday life and acquire a new one. Objects are generators of memory, and memory works through objects. However, the stories of individual objects are necessarily less comprehensive than stories that are made up of broader semantic wholes. At some stage of the narrative a transition from the collection of individual memories or memories of individuals to a wider whole appears – a collective memory. It is not composed of a multitude of individual memories, but is processed and transformed into a whole that corresponds a particular community. Memory is connected with time, and individual memories are fixed at the points of collective time.Museums are creators of collective memory. Collective memory is connected with the concepts of historical memory, (cultural) heritage and witnessing. The collective memory generated by objects creates an identity. This can be created at every level, from personal to local, from regional to national. Structuring a particular past has an extremely important role in structuring identity. The concepts of memory, heritage, witnessing and history in the field of cultural heritage refer to national museums in the purest form. Each national museum is a guardian, researcher and promoter of a professionally and scientifically transformed collective memory, and thus a constitutive element of national consciousness.
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Kos, Mateja. "The Importance of National Museums in Preserving Collective Memory." Ars & Humanitas 13, no. 1 (August 20, 2019): 234–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/ars.13.1.234-247.
Full textAbstract:
Research into memory, which has been carried out in recent decades by researchers in the fields of social sciences and humanities, is also important in the field of museology.Museums collect objects that, at the time of transition, lose their original function they have in previous everyday life and acquire a new one. Objects are generators of memory, and memory works through objects. However, the stories of individual objects are necessarily less comprehensive than stories that are made up of broader semantic wholes. At some stage of the narrative a transition from the collection of individual memories or memories of individuals to a wider whole appears – a collective memory. It is not composed of a multitude of individual memories, but is processed and transformed into a whole that corresponds a particular community. Memory is connected with time, and individual memories are fixed at the points of collective time.Museums are creators of collective memory. Collective memory is connected with the concepts of historical memory, (cultural) heritage and witnessing. The collective memory generated by objects creates an identity. This can be created at every level, from personal to local, from regional to national. Structuring a particular past has an extremely important role in structuring identity. The concepts of memory, heritage, witnessing and history in the field of cultural heritage refer to national museums in the purest form. Each national museum is a guardian, researcher and promoter of a professionally and scientifically transformed collective memory, and thus a constitutive element of national consciousness.
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Marinova, Elena. "Absence of inflexion of common nouns ending in a consonant: the boundary of the phenomenon in the modern Russian speech." Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski 9, no. 2 (November 30, 2018): 191–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/pw.3188.
Full textAbstract:
The study was based on the texts from the “Electronic corpus of Russian newspapers” (MSU project), “Integrum”, “Russian national corpus” and recordings of speech, from the beginning of the XXI century. The aim is to analyze the absence of inflexion of common nouns ending in a consonant. The relevance of the research lies in the fact that the concerned phenomenon, previously peripheral, is becoming more and more frequent. The article describes the factors supporting indeclinability of nouns ending in a consonant: multi-functionality of a word, analogy with a proper name (onim), foreign graphics, fashion factor; as well as new categories of nouns ending in a consonant, which are used without inflexion. The analysis shows that in certain fields of the modern Russian language, deep mechanisms of traditional inflexion compete with analytical tendencies. The facts of grammatical variation of new foreign nouns prove it. The study was carried out in the framework of dynamic language description method.
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Spence, Crawford, Chris Carter, Javier Husillos, and Pablo Archel. "Taste matters: Cultural capital and elites in proximate Strategic Action Fields." Human Relations 70, no. 2 (July 20, 2016): 211–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018726716649247.
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Recent literature suggests that elites are increasingly fragmented and divided. Yet there is very little empirical research that maps the distinctions between different elite groups. This article explores the cultural divisions that pertain to elite factions in two distinct but proximate Strategic Action Fields. A key insight from the article is that the public sector faction studied exhibits a much broader, more aesthetic set of cultural dispositions than their private sector counterparts. This permits a number of inter-related contributions to be made to literature on both elites and field theory. First, the findings suggest that cultural capital acts as a salient source of distinction between elite factions in different Strategic Action Fields. Second, it is demonstrated how cultural capital is socially functional as certain cultural dispositions are strongly homologous with specific professional roles. Third, the article demonstrates the implications for the structure of the State when two culturally distinct elites are brought together in a new Strategic Action Field.
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Girsang, Lasmery RM, Ahmad Sihabudin, and Mirza Ronda. "Indonesian Women’s Struggle Towards Transformation: A Case from ‘Rusunawa’ Community." Asian Social Science 14, no. 10 (September 28, 2018): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v14n10p38.
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This article discusses roles of women in struggling transformation within their community. As one of governmental policies in 2015 about eradication of slum areas under BasukiTjahajaPurnama (‘Ahok’) as previous governor of Jakarta, many flats were built and provided to those who became the target of that program. It’s called ‘Rusunawa’—low cost simple flat. Researchers choose ‘Rusunawa’ Pulogebang (the first flat located on East Jakarta) as the locus of research. Unfortunately, there are new social problems emerge. One of them is adaptation matter: changing habits from previous location to new situation. Crashed by new system—such as paying room regularly every month meanwhile having no permanent job/work yet—occurs seriously impact until now. Besides that, losing home also keep them traumatic. In such situation, not all people can change their way of life rapidly till some women—driven by awareness—striving for changing the community decisively by various sustainable efforts. Therefore, this qualitative research will analyze the three main ideas in Feminist Standpoint Theory: knowledge, experience and power relation. Intrinsic case study is used to get in-depth inquiry. Also, researchers conduct as participant observers and in-depth interviewers towards key informants and community itself. Finally, based on critical paradigm, the results show that those women succeed to lead the community towards social transformation in health, education, economic, and leadership fields.
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Furnari, Santi. "When does an issue trigger change in a field? A comparative approach to issue frames, field structures and types of field change." Human Relations 71, no. 3 (October 25, 2017): 321–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018726717726861.
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Previous research has shown that institutional fields evolve around issues, but has devoted less attention to explain why certain issues trigger substantial field-level changes while others remain largely inconsequential. In this article, I argue that the extent to which an issue is likely to trigger field change and the type of field change triggered depend on the structure of the field and the ways in which the issue is framed. I develop a model linking two types of issue frames (adversarial vs collaborative issue frames) with two types of field structures (centralized vs fragmented). The model explains how the likelihood of field change and type of field change vary across four configurations of these issue frames and field structures. In particular, I highlight four types of field change that entail different re-distribution of power within a field (weakening vs reinforcing the field’s elite; aligning vs polarizing fragmented actors). Overall, I contribute a much called-for comparative approach to institutional fields, explaining how the effects of issue frames on field change vary across different fields.
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Kuh, George D., and Shouping Hu. "Unraveling the Complexity of the Increase in College Grades From the Mid-1980s to the Mid-1990s." Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis 21, no. 3 (September 1999): 297–320. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/01623737021003297.
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To determine the factors contributing to the widely reported increase in average undergraduate grades, data were analyzed from students from two different time periods: 22, 792 students in the mid-1980s and 29,464 in the mid-1990s. After controlling for student background characteristics and institutional characteristics, it appears that undergraduate grades increased across different types of institutions and major fields, but the increases were not of the same magnitude or due to the same factors. Evidence of grade inflation was found only at research universities and selective liberal arts colleges, while grade deflation occurred at general liberal arts colleges and comprehensive colleges and universities and in the humanities and social sciences. Also contributing to the increase in grades were changes in student characteristics and subtle adjustments in grading reward structures at all institutional types and for all major field clusters. In general, grading reward structures favored White students, female students, and upper-division students. Equally important, students 'academic effort was rewarded consistently across time at all institutions and major fields, with students who invested more time and effort in their studies reporting higher grades.
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Aydoğan, Reyhan, Tim Baarslag, and Enrico Gerding. "Artificial Intelligence Techniques for Conflict Resolution." Group Decision and Negotiation 30, no. 4 (May 28, 2021): 879–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10726-021-09738-x.
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AbstractConflict resolution is essential to obtain cooperation in many scenarios such as politics and business, as well as our day to day life. The importance of conflict resolution has driven research in many fields like anthropology, social science, psychology, mathematics, biology and, more recently, in artificial intelligence. Computer science and artificial intelligence have, in turn, been inspired by theories and techniques from these disciplines, which has led to a variety of computational models and approaches, such as automated negotiation, group decision making, argumentation, preference aggregation, and human-machine interaction. To bring together the different research strands and disciplines in conflict resolution, the Workshop on Conflict Resolution in Decision Making (COREDEMA) was organized. This special issue benefited from the workshop series, and consists of significantly extended and revised selected papers from the ECAI 2016 COREDEMA workshop, as well as completely new contributions.
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Qurban, Masuda Aalim Jalan. "Renewing Art Education Philosophy in Light of Twenty-First Century Skills." Asian Social Science 15, no. 3 (February 28, 2019): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v15n3p107.
Full textAbstract:
The problem of renewing the philosophy of teaching art education in the light of 21st century skills. Art education at the global level is facing many and many challenges as a result of the tremendous changes in the way knowledge and information are exchanged, in which technology plays a large role because of the necessity of its existence at various scientific levels. These challenges required a comprehensive review of the educational system and philosophy in general And in particular technical education, which in turn lead to the development of advanced courses and innovative work to prepare a learner is able to absorb better, in addition to it makes the educational process an interesting process for the learner and by integrating those courses study With 21st century skills and information technology, which in turn improves the outcomes of the learning process and the quality of education.
Research problem: The researcher found through the study of international and international research of the 21st century skills and information technology to be applied in the curricula of different fields, because it is important for the students as it earns and trains them on life and work skills to bring out a person who is more capable of dealing smartly in life and linking them to the curriculum. As well as their application to the labor market.
Therefore, the problem of this research lies in the following question: To what extent is it possible to implement a program based on the integration of information technology and art education curricula in the light of 21st century skills to bring out a learner capable of keeping pace with the labor market?
Research goals: The research aims to:
- Prepare a student capable of keeping pace with the labor market through the application of the skills of the 21st century by international standards in the curricula of art education.
- to highlight the skills of the twenty-first century of high value that contribute to the output of a learner capable of achieving professional success in the labor market.
Research importance:
- keep up with information technology through integration with the curriculum of art education
- Use the skills of the twenty-first century in teaching the curriculum of art education
- Stimulate educational institutions to apply the skills of the twenty-first century and mechanisms to achieve the vision of the Kingdom 2030 in the field of education.
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Haddow, Gaby. "Citations to Conference Papers Indicate They Are Declining in Importance across All Discipline Areas." Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 4, no. 2 (June 14, 2009): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/b8k904.
Full textAbstract:
A Review of:
Lisée, Cynthia, Vincent Larivière and Eric Archambault. Conference Proceedings as a Source of Scientific Information: A Bibliometric Analysis.‛ Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 59.11 (2008): 1776-84.
Objective – To compare the impact and ageing of conference proceedings with that of scientific literature in general, as reflected in citation characteristics.
Design – Citation analysis.
Setting – Thomson’s Science Citation Index, Social Science Citation Index, and Arts and Humanities Citation Index (CD-ROM version).
Subjects – Conference proceedings citations.
Methods – The Thomson citation indexes were searched to identify all citations to conference proceedings in natural sciences and engineering (NSE) and social sciences and humanities (SSH) from 1980 to 2005. Keywords in English, Spanish, Italian and German, truncated terms (such as ‘bienn’), single letters (such as P), and numbers were combined to retrieve all possible citations. Additional filters to exclude citations to publications other than proceedings were applied to the P search results, which had accounted for 75% of the total results. The references remaining in the P search set were validated using Google Scholar and WorldCat. Finally, two random samples of 1,000 references were checked manually to determine the extent of false positives and false negatives in the results.
Main Results – The study’s findings are presented for NSE and SSH separately, with 1.7% of NSE citations and 2.5% of SSH citations referring to conference proceedings. The total number of citations to proceedings has increased over the period 1980-2005, however, citations to proceedings in NSE and SSH as a proportion of all citations decreased during this time. A small increase in the average number of proceedings citations per paper was found for NSE and SSH. When this increase is compared to the overall increase in references per paper over this period, the share of proceedings citations per paper has decreased. Of all fields in NSE and SSH, only engineering has increased the proportion of proceedings citations, rising from 7% to 10% in the period studied. In 2005, the share of proceedings citations in NSE (excluding engineering) was below 3%, and for SSH it was below 1.5%.
The share of proceedings citations varies across different fields within NSE and SSH. Engineering fields and computer science range from around 5% (general engineering) to 19.6% (computers) in the share of proceedings citations, with only five of the 109 NSE fields having 10% or more as a share of proceedings citations. SSH has only one field (ergonomics, 7.6%) with a share of proceedings citations over 5%. Transport studies has a share of proceedings just under 5%, followed by the field information science & library science with proceedings citations at 3.3%.
In relation to the ageing characteristics of proceedings citations overall, the findings show a median age of 4.0 years compared with 6.1 years for citations to literature in general. The difference between the age of NSE cited proceedings and NSE cited literature in general had decreased during the period specified. In 1980, the median age of NSE cited proceedings was 6.3 years compared with 9.3 years for NSE citations to literature in general. In 2005, the median ages were 8.4 years and 10.1 years, respectively. The median age of SSH cited proceedings in 2005 was 10.3 years, compared with 14.2 years for all SSH cited literature. Cited literature in general is older for SSH (14.2 years) than NSE (10.1 years), but the age difference between proceedings cited in the two discipline areas is almost half this. A number of fields in NSE (such as physics, chemistry, and engineering) indicate a greater difference between the age of cited proceedings and literature in general, while for others (such as biology and biomedical research) the ageing characteristics are similar. In SSH, the difference between age of cited proceedings and literature in general is greater. Fine arts and psychology proceedings citations are 43% younger than citations to literature in general; literature cited proceedings are 42% younger, and social sciences 31% younger. Humanities are an exception, with cited proceedings only 11% younger than citations to literature in general.
Conclusion – Only 2% of all citations are to conference proceedings in NSE and SSH combined; a proportion that has declined over the 25-year period studied. While there was an increase in the average number of (all) citations per paper during this time, proceedings citations per paper have seen only a very slight increase. These findings are true of all fields studied, with the exception of engineering-related fields which have enjoyed an increase of over 2% in proceedings citations in the period studied. The results also indicate the importance of proceedings in the field of computers. The authors speculate that in these fields, proceedings are regarded as ‚more than just prototypes, but rather as the final products of scientific research.‛ Due to the higher proportion of proceedings citations in engineering and computer science fields, they should be considered for analysis in bibliometric studies.
Despite arriving at this conclusion, the authors suggest that computer scientists might consider publishing their papers through channels other than conference proceedings to ‚maximize their scientific impact [original italics].‛ They support this statement by noting that although proceedings citations in computer science represent 20% of total citations, a study of Australian computer science research output (Butler) found proceedings comprise over 60% of all publications in computer science. The authors suggest that the difference between the proportion of proceeding published and the proportion of proceedings cited indicate that their scientific impact does not seem to be all that important.‛
In all fields, proceedings are cited sooner after publication and they cease to be cited earlier than literature in general. These results indicate that proceedings deliver more current information and cutting edge research findings than literature in general. The differences between ageing of proceedings citations and of literature in general lead the authors to conclude that conference proceedings serve different functions and have different life cycles depending on the community they serve.‛
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Vincent, Steve, and Victoria Pagan. "Entrepreneurial agency and field relations: A Realist Bourdieusian Analysis." Human Relations 72, no. 2 (May 28, 2018): 188–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018726718767952.
Full textAbstract:
This article addresses the problem of understanding and assessing how entrepreneurial and self-employed workers engage with economic fields as they pursue their interests. It considers the differing experiences of entrepreneurial workers by developing a transferable approach to studying the relations between their environments, practices and values. The approach developed combines Bourdieusian and critical realist scholarship to explore qualitative data about the networking practices of 25 self-employed and entrepreneurial human resource consultants who competed in a conurbation in the North of England. We argue that the form of analysis that develops, which we call Realist Bourdieusian Analysis, reveals more about the causal properties of the social formations entrepreneurial workers navigate than analyses that are limited within each lexicon. Arguably, combining Bourdieusian analysis and critical realism enriches our understanding of the constituent parts of economic fields, the resources entrepreneurial workers access through them, and agents’ relations, experiences and reflexive struggles. This novel approach, we argue, facilitates deeper appreciation of these workers’ experiences and more insightful critique of existing supports to entrepreneurship, as well as the possibility of prescribing policy supports that might enable workers within the field studied. The analysis concludes by highlighting the practical, theoretical and methodological contributions of this research.
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Mierzecka, Anna. "The Role of Academic Libraries in Scholarly Communication. A Meta-Analysis of Research." Studia Medioznawcze 19, no. 1 (2019): 42–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.33077/uw.24511617.ms.2019.1.85.
Full textAbstract:
The wide expansion of digital technologies has influenced research in all fields of science as well as educational activities. Scientific objective: The purpose of this article is to examine critical areas of academic library activity, in a significant or requiring far-reaching changes in all aspects, in the context of needs of the scientific community. Research methods: It was decided that the method that will allow to outline the situation in this area will be qualitative content analysis texts from leading journals. For this purpose, the main databases of Web of Science articles have been searched: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI), and Arts & Humanities Citation Index (A&HCI), using the instruction TS = (“academic library” OR “academic libraries” OR “university library” OR “university libraries”) AND TS = (scholars or scientists or faculty or researchers or academics). The query limited to the last five years yielded gave as results 170 articles, of which 51 were deemed relevant to the issues discussed. Results and conclusions: In the light of qualitative content analysis of those texts, it is possible to distinguish following areas as important: general approach of scholars and librarians to cooperation, practices of research support, access to information resources adapted to scholars’ needs, data curation support, publication strategies support. On this basis, conclusions have been drawn about the role and type of support that academic libraries may provide in the process of scholarly communication. Cognitive value: This study has contributed to the research into the evaluation of academic library’s support services in the process of scholarly communication.
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Phuong, Nguyen Duy, and Nguyen Van Sang. "Support of Socialist Countries during Vietnam War: Training Officers of Soviet Union for Vietnam, 1954-1975." Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 10, no. 1 (January 17, 2021): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2021-0011.
Full textAbstract:
The victory of the Vietnamese people in the war is inseparable from the great support of the international community and the peacekeeping force worldwide. Not only receiving material support, but more importantly, Vietnam also received the support on intellectual resources from international friends through the training of officers in all fields. The Soviet Union's role as the leader of the socialist bloc held the most important position in that immense help. Based on archived sources that are diplomatic documents between the two countries, as well as the latest research achievements, the article analyzes the support of The Soviet Union for Vietnam in the field of officer training in many aspects. The results confirm the great contributions of The Soviet Union to the Vietnam war against the United States to build and protect the independence of Vietnamese people, and at the same time contribute to explain the effects of the “Soviet model” in Vietnam in the past as well as nowadays.
Received: 19 August 2020 / Accepted: 2 December 2020 / Published: 17 January 2021
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Verovšek, Špela, Tadeja Zupančič, Matevž Juvančič, Simon Petrovčič, Matija Svetina, Miha Janež, Žiga Pušnik, Iztok Lebar Bajec, and Miha Moškon. "The Aspect of Mobility and Connectivity While Assessing the Neighbourhood Sustainability." Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 10, no. 3 (May 10, 2021): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2021-0062.
Full textAbstract:
The rapid evolution of information and communications technologies has brought the potential held by urban analytics up to a higher level and thus promises more well-informed decisions, including advances in the assessment methodologies and monitoring based on existing data and its reuse. The paper provides an insight into an ongoing national research project examining the assessment methodologies and data integration for the purpose of monitoring the progress as regards sustainability and quality in urban environments. Specifically, we focus on the level of the neighbourhoods; by measuring the extent to which the built environment comprehends the required characteristics and configuration for efficiency, or contribute to quality living and sustainability. Current study covers the aspect of efficient mobility and connectivity, revealing the potential of the location-based data provided by mobile devices and associated infrastructures. While such data are widely recognised as a beneficial source of information in various fields and solid advances have been made in both analytics and modelling, little progresses has been seen in exploiting that potential as regards sustainability assessment tools. This study examines the viability of indicators addressing travel time reliability throughout the empirical testbed, exemplified by six strategic routes associated with three neighbourhoods in Ljubljana, Slovenia. The paper summarizes current progress of the study.
Received: 21 January 2021 / Accepted: 22 March 2021 / Published: 10 May 2021
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McNamara, Tom, Debrah Meloso, Marco Michelotti, and Petya Puncheva-Michelotti. "‘You are free to choose . . . are you?’ Organisational punishment as a productivity incentive in the social science literature." Human Relations, April 3, 2021, 001872672110078. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00187267211007891.
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This article investigates the theoretical and empirical relationships between organisational punishment and productivity. We do so by highlighting the contributions of two academic fields to this topic: management and economics. We underscore the many common theoretical and empirical grounds across management and economics. We heighten, in particular, how motivation and learning theories have contributed to the development of both theoretical and empirical research on this topic. This article also argues that this debate could be significantly advanced if insights stemming from industrial relations and labour process theory were also considered, as these disciplines have traditionally focused on macro-issues such as how changes in the economic/institutional contexts may affect the likelihood that organisations will resort to punishment. In order to foster future research on this topic, three research themes were developed: (a) freedom of choice and the role of contract completeness; (b) perception of punishment, monitoring and productivity; and (c) punishment, productivity and exogenous variables.
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Albert, Alexandra. "Citizen social science in practice: the case of the Empty Houses Project." Humanities and Social Sciences Communications 8, no. 1 (March 15, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41599-021-00755-4.
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AbstractThe growth of citizen science and participatory science, where non-professional scientists voluntarily participate in scientific activities, raises questions around the ownership and interpretation of data, issues of data quality and reliability, and new kinds of data literacy. Citizen social science (CSS), as an approach that bridges these fields, calls into question the way in which research is undertaken, as well as who can collect data, what data can be collected, and what such data can be used for. This article outlines a case study—the Empty Houses Project—to explore how CSS plays out in practice, and to reflect on the opportunities and challenges it presents. The Empty Houses Project was set up to investigate how citizens could be mobilised to collect data about empty houses in their local area, so as to potentially contribute towards tackling a pressing policy issue. The study shows how the possibilities of CSS exceed the dominant view of it as a new means of creating data repositories. Rather, it considers how the data produced in CSS is an epistemology, and a politics, not just a realist tool for analysis.
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Michalec, Ola, Cian O’Donovan, and Mehdi Sobhani. "What is robotics made of? The interdisciplinary politics of robotics research." Humanities and Social Sciences Communications 8, no. 1 (March 8, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41599-021-00737-6.
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AbstractUnder framings of grand challenges, robotics has been proposed as a solution to a wide range of societal issues such as road safety, ageing society, economic productivity and climate change. However, what exactly is robotics research? From its inception, robotics has been an inherently interdisciplinary field, bringing together diverse domains such as engineering, cognitive science, computer science and, more recently, knowledge from social sciences and humanities. Previous research on interdisciplinarity shows that this mode of knowledge production is often driven by societal concerns and political choices. The politics of who gets to make these choices and on what terms is the focus of empirical research in this paper. Using a novel mixed-method approach combining bibliometrics, desk-based analysis and fieldwork, this article builds a narrative of interdisciplinarity at the UK’s largest public robotics lab, the Bristol Robotics Laboratory. This paper argues for the recognition of the plural ways of knowing interdisciplinarity. From citation analysis, through tracing of the emerging fields and disciplines, to, finally, the investigation of researchers’ experiences; each method contributes a distinct and complementary outlook on “what robotics is made of”. While bibliometrics allows visualising prominent disciplines and keywords, document analysis reveals influential and missing stakeholders. Meanwhile, fieldwork explores the logics underpinning robotics and identifies the capabilities necessary to perform the research. In doing so, the paper synthesises plural ways of locating politics in interdisciplinary research and provides recommendations for enabling “structural preparedness for interdisciplinarity”.
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Lobbé, Quentin. "Multi-scale methods for reconstructing collective shapes of digital diasporas." Humanities and Social Sciences Communications 8, no. 1 (June 18, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41599-021-00828-4.
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AbstractThe ICT revolution has impacted the way diasporic groups and individuals communicate and interact with one another. Diasporas are now fueled by unlimited flows of digital contents generated by daily activities or sudden historical events. As a natural result, the science of migration has evolved just as much as its own subject of research. Thus, dedicated branches of research like digital diasporas emerge at the crossroad between fields of social and computational sciences. Thereupon, new types of multi-scale reconstruction methods are developed to investigate the collective shapes of digital diasporas. They allow the researchers to focus on individual interactions before visualizing their global structures and dynamics. In this paper, we present three different multi-scale reconstruction methods applied to reveal the scientific landscape of digital diasporas and to explore the history of an extinct online collective of Moroccan migrants.
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Glynatsi, Nikoleta E., and Vincent A. Knight. "A bibliometric study of research topics, collaboration, and centrality in the iterated prisoner’s dilemma." Humanities and Social Sciences Communications 8, no. 1 (February 11, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41599-021-00718-9.
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AbstractThis manuscript explores the research topics and collaborative behaviour of authors in the field of the Prisoner’s Dilemma using topic modeling and a graph theoretic analysis of the co-authorship network. The analysis identified five research topics in the Prisoner’s Dilemma which have been relevant over the course of time. These are human subject research, biological studies, strategies, evolutionary dynamics on networks and modeling problems as a Prisoner’s Dilemma game. Moreover, the results demonstrated the Prisoner’s Dilemma is a field of continued interest, and that it is a collaborative field compared to other game theoretic fields. The co-authorship network suggests that authors are focused on their communities and that not many connections across the communities are made. The most central authors of the network are the authors connected to the main cluster. Through examining the networks of topics, it was uncovered that the main cluster is characterised by the collaboration of authors in a single topic. These findings add to the bibliometrics study in another field and present new questions and avenues of research to understand the reasons for the measured behaviours.
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Johnson, Timothy P., Mary K. Feeney, Heyjie Jung, Ashlee Frandell, Mattia Caldarulo, Lesley Michalegko, Shaika Islam, and Eric W. Welch. "COVID-19 and the academy: opinions and experiences of university-based scientists in the U.S." Humanities and Social Sciences Communications 8, no. 1 (June 17, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41599-021-00823-9.
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AbstractMuch of the available evidence regarding COVID-19 effects on the scientific community in the U.S. is anecdotal and non-representative. We report findings from a based survey of university-based biologists, biochemists, and civil and environmental engineers regarding negative and positive COVID-19 impacts, respondent contributions to addressing the pandemic, and their opinions regarding COVID-19 research policies. The most common negative impact was university closures, cited by 93% of all scientists. Significant subgroup differences emerged, with higher proportions of women, assistant professors, and scientists at institutions located in COVID-19 “hotspot” counties reporting difficulties concentrating on research. Assistant professors additionally reported facing more unanticipated childcare responsibilities. Approximately half of the sample also reported one or more positive COVID-19 impacts, suggesting the importance of developing a better understanding of the complete range of impacts across all fields of science. Regarding COVID-19 relevant public policy, findings suggest divergence of opinion concerning surveillance technologies and the need to alter federal approval processes for new tests and vaccines.
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Usman, Muhammad, Akinori Sawaya, Mari Igarashi, Jeffry Joseph Gayman, and Rakesh Dixit. "Strained agricultural farming under the stress of youths’ career selection tendencies: a case study from Hokkaido (Japan)." Humanities and Social Sciences Communications 8, no. 1 (January 20, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41599-020-00688-4.
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AbstractAlthough job availability in Japan is at its highest in 24 years, the unemployment rate has remained unchanged. On one hand, certain fields are saturated with employees while on the other hand, the rural areas of Hokkaido are in desperate need of agricultural workers. At the same time, the aging population in Japan is an emerging challenge. The flat unemployment rate in conjunction with the rapidly aging farmers’ population can possibly reduce the food self-sufficiency rate, raise Japan’s dependency for international food products and increase import expenses. Thus, these factors can tip the socio-economic balance of the struggling economy. For the present research, different surveys were conducted not only in various farming corporations of Hokkaido but also 20 farmers were directly contacted and interviewed. In addition, adolescents’ (aged 16–18 years) career choices were studied through questionnaires administered to 157 students at Hokkaido’s Sapporo Kaisei Secondary School. It was found that, in rural areas of Hokkaido, relocation of youth to the cities is probably the main cause of the shortage of workers. In Sapporo city, among adolescents who had already chosen a career path, around 76% wanted to enter the science and technology field. This trend can result in intense competition and “saturation” in science and technology fields and many vacant slots in the others related to agricultural farming. This behavior is probably maintaining the unemployment rate, regardless of the number of job vacancies. In addition, according to our survey, considering career paths, parents and teachers provide general guidance that has very little influence on adolescents’ career decisions. So, a more detailed career counseling is suggested.