Journal articles: 'Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM)'

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Gao, Ma, Huang, Hua, and Lan. "Deep Learning for Super-Resolution in a Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope." AI 1, no. 1 (October 15, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ai1010001.

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A field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) is a complex scanning electron microscope with ultra-high-resolution image scanning, instant printing, and output storage capabilities. FESEMs have been widely used in fields such as materials science, biology, and medical science. However, owing to the balance between resolution and field of view (FOV), when locating a target using an FESEM, it is difficult to view specific details in an image with a large FOV and high resolution simultaneously. This paper presents a deep neural network to realize super-resolution of an FESEM image. This technology can effectively improve the resolution of the acquired image without changing the physical structure of the FESEM, thus resolving the constraint problem between the resolution and FOV. Experimental results show that the apply of a deep neural network only requires a single image acquired by an FESEM to be the input. A higher resolution image with a large FOV and excellent noise reduction is obtained within a short period of time. To verify the effect of the model numerically, we evaluated the image quality by using the peak signal-to-noise ratio value and structural similarity index value, which can reach 26.88 dB and 0.7740, respectively. We believe that this technology will improve the quality of FESEM imaging and be of significance in various application fields.

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Cosandey, F. "Low-voltage fesem study of TiO2 surface structure and metallization." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 54 (August 11, 1996): 136–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100163149.

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Recent developments of Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopes (FESEM) are now permitting material science studies of surfaces with nanometer scale resolution. For the study of oxide materials with low conductivity it is particularly important to image surfaces at low voltage in order to minimize both the electron range and charging. The unique electron optic design of the LEO (ex ZEISS) 982 GEMINI microscope combining retarding field and electrostatic lens concepts with Schottky field emission source is particularly well optimize for high resolution imaging of materials at low voltage. In this study, we are presenting results on performance evaluation of the LEO 982 FESEM microscope with a study of TiO2 surface structure and metallization.

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Chen, R. T., and M. G. Jamieson. "Advances in microscopy of polymers: A FESEM and STM study." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 49 (August 1991): 1042–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100089524.

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Microscopy has played a major role in establishing structure-process-property relationships in the research and development of polymeric materials. With advances in electron microscopy instrumentation (e.g., field emission SEM - FESEM) and the invention of new scanning probe microscopes (e.g., scanning tunneling microscope - STM), resolution of structures or morphologies down to the nanometer scale can be achieved with ease. This paper will focus on the application of FESEM and STM in order to understand the structure of commercial polymeric materials. Characterization of polymers using other microscopy techniques such as TEM, thermal optical microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM) will also be discussed.The polymeric materials evaluated in this study include membranes, liquid crystalline polymer (LCP) fibers, multiphase polymer blends and polymer films or coatings. In order to minimize beam damage and maximize contrast for surface detail in beam sensitive polymers, low voltage SEM (LVSEM) was performed on a JEOL 840F field emission SEM.

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Castejón, O. J., R. P. Apkarian, and H. V. Castejón. "Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy Of Mouse Cerebellar Synaptic Contacts." Microscopy and Microanalysis 6, S2 (August 2000): 844–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600036710.

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Samples of albino mice cerebellar cortex were processed by the cryofracture method for scanning electron microscopy and examined with the field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). Albino mouse cerebellar cortex was excised, cut into 1-2 mm slices and inmersed in 4% glutaraldehyde in O. l M phosphate buffer solution, pH 7.4, for 24h at 4°C; and postfixed for 1 h in a similarly buffered 1% osmium tetroxide solution. Specimens were dehydrated in a graded serie of ethanol (30, 50, 70, 80, 90 2x100%) prior to wrapping individual tissue pieces in preformed absolute ethanol filled parafilm cryofracture packets. Rapid freezing of packets was performed by plunging into LN2. First, the packet was transferred from the LN2 storage vessel with LNT chilled forceps in order to avoid themial damage. Secondly, the cooled fracture blade was removed from the LN2, the packet was orientated under the blade, and immediately struck with a heavy tool.

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Raj, P. Markondeya, Stanley M. Dunn, and W. Roger Cannon. "Edge Sharpening for Unbiased Edge Detection in Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope Images." Microscopy and Microanalysis 5, no. 2 (March 1999): 136–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927699000100.

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We report here a specific type of edge strength anisotropy observed in field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) images. The images show weaker edge gradients in the scanning direction and hence these edges frequently go undetected. Direct application of edge detection algorithms to images with nondistinct edges, such as powder particles, show strong bias to edges perpendicular to the scanning direction. Edge orientation polarograms obtained from these images always show strong fictitious particle orientation in the scanning direction. In this work, we discuss an edge-sharpening algorithm that corrects for this bias and results in relatively more accurate and consistent edge orientation information.

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Zhang, Yao Jun, Hai Hong Li, Ya Chao Wang, and De Long Xu. "Geopolymer Microstructure and Hydration Mechanism of Alkali-Activated Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer." Advanced Materials Research 374-377 (October 2011): 1481–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.374-377.1481.

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The microstructure and hydration mechanism of alkali-activated fly ash-based geopolymer were studied by means of scanning electron microscope (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDXA) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). The FESEM photomicrographs indicted that the fly ash-based geopolymer showed three dimensional frameworks with an average particle size of 50 nm. EDXA results demonstrated that the Na-PSS type geopolymer was produced via the disintegration of Si-O-Al and Si-O-Si chemical bonds and the polycondensation reaction between [SiO4]4-and [AlO4]5- tetrahedrons in spherical fly ash particles under alkaline condition.

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Xue, Han Song, Xin Yu Li, Wei Na Zhang, Yang Yang Chen, Xiao Chang You, Jin Song Rao, and Fu Sheng Pan. "Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis of Sm₂O₃ Nanoparticles and their Optical Properties." Journal of Nano Research 46 (March 2017): 100–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jnanor.46.100.

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Spherical Sm2O3 nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized by microwave-assisted hydrothermal technique in the condition of different microwave radiation power. The microstructure, morphology and optical properties of the samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), field emission transmission electron microscope (FETEM) and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectrophotometry. The results showed that the precursors Sm (OH)3 nanorods and SmOHCO3 nanoparticles were obtained during microwave-assisted hydrothermal reaction and decomposed into spherical Sm2O3 nanoparticles after heat treatment. A potential mechanism of the formation of Sm2O3 nanoparticles is proposed. The UV-vis absorption spectra indicated that the samples had high ultraviolet absorption capacity and the energy gap was only 4.83 eV as the radiation power increased to 550 W.

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Muhammad Safwan, M., Hui Lin Ong, and Hazizan Md Akil. "Crystallinity and Morphological of Cellulose Extraction from Elaeis guineensis Jacquin Frond." Materials Science Forum 819 (June 2015): 251–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.819.251.

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The work described in this paper is the extraction of microcrystalline cellulose from Elaeis Guineensis Jacquin Frond using alkaline and bleaching treatment. Microcrystalline cellulose extracted has been characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). Morphological investigation of fibers was performed using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) where rod like fiber can be observed. Crystallinity of cellulose extracted was found higher than raw material.

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SU, FABING, LU LV, and X. S. ZHAO. "SYNTHESIS OF NANOSTRUCTURED POROUS CARBON." International Journal of Nanoscience 04, no. 02 (April 2005): 261–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x05003127.

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In this paper, high-surface-area porous carbons with crumpled nanowalls were synthesized by carbonization of sucrose in the presence of zeolite template. The pore structures of the carbon materials were characterized using physical adsorption of nitrogen. Their surface chemistry was analyzed using X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS). The microscopic structure features of the samples were imaged by field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The nanostructure of synthesized porous carbon with a combination of micro-, meso- and macropores has been obtained.

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Zemke, Valentina, Volker Haag, and Gerald Koch. "Wood identification of charcoal with 3D-reflected light microscopy." IAWA Journal 41, no. 4 (September 11, 2020): 478–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-bja10033.

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Abstract The present study focusses on the application of 3D-reflected light microscopy (3D-RLM) for the wood anatomical identification of charcoal specimens produced from domestic and tropical timbers. This special microscopic technique offers a detailed investigation of anatomical features in charcoal directly compared with the quality of field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The advantages of using the 3D-RLM technology are that fresh fracture planes of charcoal can be directly observed under the microscope without further preparation or surface treatment. Furthermore, the 3D-technique with integrated polarized light illumination creates high-contrast images of uneven and black charcoal surfaces. Important diagnostic structural features such as septate fibres and intercellular canals can be clearly detected and intervessel pits are directly measured. The comparison of the microscopic analyses reveals that 3D-reflected light microscopy (3D-RLM) provides an effective alternative technique to conventional field emission scanning electron microscopy for the identification of carbonized wood.

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Kure, Nicodemus, Zainab Yunusa, Hamidon Niza, Isaac Daniel, and Ibrahim Lakin. "Synthesis of carbon nanostructures using microwave enhanced chemical vapor deposition and its potential application to ammonia sensing." Physics Access 01, no. 01 (July 23, 2021): 44–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.47514/phyaccess.2021.1.1.0007.

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In this paper, Carbon Nanostructures (CNS) were directly synthesized on gallium orthophosphate (GaPO4). An alternative microwave enhanced chemical vapor deposition (MECVD) technique was used to synthesized the CNS via commercial microwave oven with operating power of 600 W at 2.45 GHz. Microwave heating provides the temperature for catalytic decomposition of polyethylene at 750 °C for 4 minutes under atmosperic pressure of 0.81 mbar. Characterization of the as-grown CNS was carried out using Raman spectroscopy and Field Emission Scanning electron microscope (FESEM). Raman spectroscopic investigation reveals the CNS quality of 0.92 and the field emission Scanning electron microscope (FESEM) analysis shows twisted hollow-like CNS structures. The material was deployed as a sensor without any post treatment so as to investigate its potential application in the sensor industry. Different concentrations of ammonia (NH3) gas from 0.06% to 1% were exposed.

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Brostin, J. "Scanning probe microscopy of polymers in the field emission SEM." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 54 (August 11, 1996): 876–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100166841.

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The field emission SEM (FESEM) is well suited for imaging polymer and other non-conductive surfaces. High resolution SEM images can be obtained without the application of a conductive coating when operated at low accelerating voltages. Compositional imaging in the backscattered electron mode is facilitated at low voltages by the incorporation of a microchannel plate (MCP) detector. The MCP equipped FESEM has been shown to be phenomenally sensitive to very small differences in average atomic number. Compositional contrasts are achieved in polymer and other low-Z composites that differ only in oxygen content. Those systems that completely lack intrinsic contrast can be differentially stained with ruthenium tetroxide vapors.These capabilities make the FESEM an ideal platform for locating phases and/or subtle features for scanning probe microscopy (SPM). Transparent, thin coatings or very fine, heterogeneously dispersed structures that cannot be readily located or observed with conventional light optics can generally be seen in the FESEM.

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Cosandey, F., L. Zhang, and T. E. Madey. "High Resolution Fesem Study of Au Particle Growth on TiO2." Microscopy and Microanalysis 3, S2 (August 1997): 405–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600008916.

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Transition metals supported on oxides have important catalytic properties and are also used in chemical gas sensors for increasing sensitivity and selectivity. In order to understand growth and reactivity in the Au/TiO2 system, we have performed surface studies on a model system consisting of ultrathin, discontinuous Au films on TiO2 (110) single crystals. In this paper we are presenting results obtained by high resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM) on the effects of substrate temperature and average Au thickness on particle size, density and coverage.The TiO2 (110) single crystal surfaces used in this study were prepared in UHV using surface science tools followed by in-situ Au deposition for different substrate temperatures and for various film thicknesses. After deposition, the samples were transferred in air to the Field Emission Scanning Electron microscope (LEO 982 Gemini) for high resolution imaging.Typical high resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM) images of Au films deposited at 300 K are shown in Fig. 1 for two film thicknesses of 0.22 and 1.0 nm.

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Raj, P. Markondeya, Stanley M. Dunn, and W. Roger Cannon. "Edge Sharpening For Unbiased Edge Detection in Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) Images." Microscopy and Microanalysis 4, S2 (July 1998): 62–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600020432.

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Mathematical representation of particle orientation and shape can show quantitative differences in particle morphology and microstructures of ceramic green bodies with apparently equiaxed powders. In this work, fourier descriptors and moment invariants were used to quantify the shape of ceramic particles and identify their orientation. Edges constitute a significant portion of the information contained in these images, and hence edge detection forms an important issue in these image processing algorithms.A Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM, Leo 982) was used to collect images of various ceramic green bodies in order to assess the ceramic particle shape and orientation. The images were collected and displayed as rectangular pixels on the microscope monitor which were then stored as square pixels (square-pixel-interpolation). Application of various edge detection algorithms on the stored images show strong bias to edges in the direction perpendicular to the scanning direction.

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D. V. Anandhi, S. Selvanandan, and M. S. Shivakumar. "Amalgamation and Characterization of NiCo Ferrite by using Sol-gel Auto Combustion Technique." ACS Journal for Science and Engineering 2, no. 2 (September 1, 2022): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/acsjse.v2i2.39.

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The effect of Nickel doped Cobalt ferrite nano particles Ni0.2CoxFe2-x04(x=0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.5) Created by sol-gel auto combustion technique by using citric acid as fuel. The single phase cubic structure form confirm by the XRD. The crystalline size calculated by FWHM of (311) plane using Scherer’s formula. The typicalsize of the crystalline sample varies in the order of nano regime. The structural and lattice parameter were obtained by XRD data. The surface morphology of Nickel doped Cobalt ferrites was studied by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images. The spherical particles with the average grain size 25.62nm to 33.69nm range are observed by FESEM images. Compositional stoichiometry was confirmed by X-ray photo electron spectroscopy.

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Osumi, M., N. Yamada, and T. Nagatani. "High-Resolution, Low-Voltage SEM of Cell Wall Regeneration of Yeast Shizosaccharomyces Pombe Protoplasts." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 46 (1988): 208–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100103127.

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Even though many early workers had suggested the use of lower voltages to increase topographic contrast and to reduce specimen charging and beam damage, we did not usually operate in the conventional scanning electron microscope at low voltage because of the poor resolution, especially of bioligical specimens. However, the development of the “in-lens” field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) has led to marked inprovement in resolution, especially in the range of 1-5 kV, within the past year. The probe size has been cumulated to be 0.7nm in diameter at 30kV and about 3nm at 1kV. We have been trying to develop techniques to use this in-lens FESEM at low voltage (LVSEM) for direct observation of totally uncoated biological specimens and have developed the LVSEM method for the biological field.

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N, Chandana, M. V. Ramana, and Ghanta Pushpa Chakrapani. "Studies on Rare-Earth Co-Doped: Calcium Tungstate Nano-Crystals." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 9 (September 30, 2022): 1226–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.46795.

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Abstract: We report the synthesis of co-doped Calcium tungstate (CaWO4) nano-crystals with Gadolinium (Gd) and Neodymium (Nd) rare earth ions by hydrothermal synthesis method for the first time. The synthesized nano-crystals were characterized by Xray diffraction (XRD) with energy dispersive analysis of the X-rays (EDAX) and Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and photo-luminescence excitation studies. The phase of the nano-crystals under study was identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) image shows that the synthesized nano-crystals are in the size range of 51nm – 80nm. The presence of Gd and Nd rare earth ions in the GD-Nd co-doped CaWO4 nano-crystals was confirmed by the energy dispersive analysis of the X-rays (EDAX). The photoluminescence properties of the Gd-Nd co-doped CaWO4 nano-crystals were compared with the undoped CaWO4 nano-crystals and are reported. The synthesized nano-crystals exhibit emissions at (i) 369nm, 392nm, 435nm and 477nm for an excitation wavelength of 280 nm and (ii) 540nm and 669nm for an excitation wavelength of 490nm. The emission wavelengths clearly indicate the blue light and green light generation, which is significant for developing luminescent materials of tungstate systems.

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Liu, J. "Ultra-high resolution secondary electron imaging." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 47 (August 6, 1989): 66–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100152306.

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The recent developments of the in-lens field emission scanning electron microscopes (FESEM) make it possible to image specimen surfaces with subnanometer resolution by collecting type I secondary electrons, with an incident electron probe size of about 0.5 nm in diameter. A resolution of the same order of magnitude has also been obtained in a STEM instrument with secondary electron signals. Both in-lens FESEM and STEM utilize field emission gun as electron beam source (high intensity and small probe size) and high excitation objective lenses to reduce abberations. The examined samples have to be positioned inside the objective pole-pieces. Thus the emitted secondary electrons will experience a strong magnetic field and spiral around the magnetic field lines (cyclotron orbit) before they are collected by the secondary electron detector. The radius and the pitch height of the cyclotron orbit depend on the secondary electron energy and the emission angle with respect to the magnetic field axis.

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Dar, M. A., S. G. Ansari, Rizwan Wahab, Young Soon Kim, and Hyung Shik Shin. "The Synthesis of Maghemite and Hematite (_γ-Fe₂O₃, α-Fe₂O₃) Nanospheres." Materials Science Forum 534-536 (January 2007): 157–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.534-536.157.

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Maghemite and hematite nanospheres were synthesized by using the Sol-gel technique. The structural properties of these nanosphere powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM),and pore size distribution.Hematite phase shows crystalline structures.The mean particle size that resulted from BET and XRD analyses were 4.9 nm and 2 nm. The field emission scanning electron microscopy shows iron-oxide powder is composed of nanosized particles, but in nanosized aggregates (agglomeration of particles). It can be seen from transmission electron microscopy that the size of the particles are very small which is in good agreement with the FESEM and the Xray diffraction. TEM and FESEM confirmed that the iron-oxide powder is composed of sizes from 8 nm to 10 nm. The BET and pore size method were employed for specific surface area determination.

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Mahmud, Muhammad Rashid, M. S. Shamsudin, Muzammil Mat Akhir, Mohamad Kamal Harun, Mohamad Rusop, and S. Abdullah. "Surface Morphology of Acrylate/Carbon Nanotubes Nanocomposites on Mild Steel." Advanced Materials Research 1109 (June 2015): 451–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1109.451.

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Acrylate/carbon nanotubes nanocomposites were prepared using sol-gel method. Carbon nanotubes with different percentage (0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8% and 1.0%) incorporated into acrylate and deposited on mild steel. Surface of acrylate/carbon nanotubes composites were characterized using by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). Carbon nanotubes uniformly distributed in acrylate observed by FESEM shows increase in percentage of carbon nanotubes blend with acrylate the peak distribution become decreases.

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Chen, Jia Fu, Zhi Min Chen, Yan Cao, and Qun Xu. "Synthesis of Hollow Carbon Hemispheres in the Magnesium Carbonate-Metallic Li System with the Help of CHBr₃." Advanced Materials Research 266 (June 2011): 106–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.266.106.

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Hollow carbon hemispheres (HCHs) were synthesized at 500 oC in the magnesium carbonate-metallic Li system with the help of CHBr3. The product was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). XRD and electron diffraction (ED) pattern results showed that HCHs were graphite phase and polycrystalline. By FESEM and TEM observation, the diameters of the HCHs were in the range of 200-900 nm. The shell of the HCHs was single-layer and their thickness was about 31 nm. The formation mechanism of HCHs with the help of CHBr3 was discussed. Besides, the effect of reaction temperature and dosage of CHBr3 on the morphology of HCHs was studied.

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Che Ismail, Nor Hafizah, Hazizan Md Akil, and Zainathul Akhmar Salim Abdul Salim. "Thermal and Morphological Properties of ABS/Muscovite Layered Silicate Composites." Materials Science Forum 947 (March 2019): 185–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.947.185.

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The present study investigated the effects of untreated (UM) and treated (TM) muscovite fillers on the morphological and thermal properties of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) composites. The TM produced from a two-stage ion-exchange process and ABS composites were compounded using melt blending. ABS/muscovite layered silicate composites were characterized using Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) while the thermal properties was investigated through Thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis. It was found that ABS/TM recorded higher thermal properties when compared to neat ABS and ABS/UM. The FESEM images showed better dispersion of ABS/TM compared to ABS/UM. Finally, mixed morphology of intercalated-exfoliated structure of composites was proven by TEM analysis.

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Virk, Hardev Singh. "Fabrication of Nanoflowers and other Exotic Patterns." Solid State Phenomena 201 (May 2013): 159–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.201.159.

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A wide variety of metallic and metal oxide nanoflowers and other exotic patterns have been fabricated using different techniques. We have created copper and cupric oxide nanoflowers using two different techniques: electro-deposition of copper in polymer and anodic alumina templates, and cytyltrimethal ammonium bromide (CTAB)-assisted hydrothermal method, respectively. Zinc oxide and manganese oxide nanoflowers have been synthesized by thermal treatment. Characterization of nanoflowers is done in the same way as for nanowires using XRD, SEM, TEM and FESEM. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images record some interesting morphologies of metallic copper nanoflowers. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) has been used to determine morphology and composition of copper oxide nanoflowers. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern reveals the monoclinic phase of CuO in the crystallographic structure of copper oxide nanoflowers. Nanoflowers find interesting applications in industry. There is an element of random artistic design of nature, rather than science, in exotic patterns of nanoflowers fabricated in our laboratory.

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Taka, Zakiyyu Ibrahim, Mohd Kamarulzaki Mustafa, Saliza Asman, Khairunnadim Ahmad Sekak, and Jibrin Muhammada. "Preparation of Aniline Dimer-COOH Modified Magnetite (Fe3O4) Nanoparticles by Ultrasonic Dispersion Method." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.30 (November 30, 2018): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.30.22108.

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The magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles capped with certain level of aniline dimer-COOH were prepared via assisted ultrasonic dispersion method and characterized by X-ray Diffraction spectra (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), Ultraviolent UV-visible (UV-vis) and Fourier Transformation Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The XRD result shows that both the sample of Fe3O4 nanoparticles synthesized without aniline dimer-COOH have similar peaks with the one that were capped with aniline dimer-COOH, this indicated the higher purity crystalline peaks of Fe3O4 nanoparticles was successfully synthesized. The Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) result shows that, the aniline dimer-COOH modified magnetite nanoparticles are less agglomerated with spherical shape and continues size distribution, and the obtained image from EDS indicates the present of Fe3O4 nanoparticles by showing Fe-O group of element. The magnetic properties of the magnetite nanoparticles prepared by ultrasonic irradiation method was observed by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), the hysteresis loop of Fe3O4 nanoparticles observed by VSM has a saturation magnetization at 89.46 emug-1 indicating super paramagnetic behavior of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles.

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Ahamed, Maqusood, Hisham A. Alhadlaq, M. A. Majeed Khan, Ponmurugan Karuppiah, and Naif A. Al-Dhabi. "Synthesis, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Activity of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles." Journal of Nanomaterials 2014 (2014): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/637858.

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We studied the structural and antimicrobial properties of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) synthesized by a very simple precipitation technique. Copper (II) acetate was used as a precursor and sodium hydroxide as a reducing agent. X-ray diffraction patter (XRD) pattern showed the crystalline nature of CuO NPs. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and field emission transmission electron microscope (FETEM) demonstrated the morphology of CuO NPs. The average diameter of CuO NPs calculated by TEM and XRD was around 23 nm. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) spectrum and XRD pattern suggested that prepared CuO NPs were highly pure. CuO NPs showed excellent antimicrobial activity against various bacterial strains (Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Klebsiella pneumonia,Enterococcus faecalis,Shigella flexneri,Salmonella typhimurium,Proteus vulgaris,andStaphylococcus aureus). Moreover,E. coliandE. faecalisexhibited the highest sensitivity to CuO NPs whileK. pneumoniawas the least sensitive. Possible mechanisms of antimicrobial activity of CuO NPs should be further investigated.

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Abdullahi, Umma, Md Abdul Maleque, and Mohammad Yeakub Ali. "Characterization of Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Aluminium Nano-composite using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope." International Journal of Engineering Materials and Manufacture 3, no. 1 (March 30, 2018): 63–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.26776/ijemm.03.01.2018.08.

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Carbon nanotubes (CNT) is a promising fibrous materials for development of nanocomposite especially aluminium (Al) matrix nanocomposites as CNT exhibited extraordinary mechanical properties and high aspect ratios. The dispersion is the main factor for a quality CNT-Al nanocomposite that affects the uniformity in mixture leading to the enhanced mechanical and wear behaviour. The present study emphasizes on the characterization of carbon nanotube dispersion by means of field emission scanning electron microscope after synthetization of new nanocomposite. The mixing of the reinforcement and matrix powders was performed in ball mill for 2 hours at 250 rpm. The result shows the homogeneous distribution was observed from the experiment. The morphological characterization under FESEM provides insight features of CNT-Al nano-composite with the ball milling parameter on the sintering.

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Saurdi, I., Mohamad Hafiz Mamat, and Mohamad Rusop. "Physical Properties of Nano-Structured Zinc Oxide Thin Films Deposited by Radio-Frequency Magnetron Sputtering." Advanced Materials Research 667 (March 2013): 495–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.667.495.

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In this work, ZnO thin films were deposited by RF Magnetron sputtering at different substrate temperatures in the range of 100-400oC on glass substrate. The thin films were characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and I-V measurement, for morphology and electrical properties study. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to study the structural and morphology of the thin films. The particle size varied from 41nm to 146nm showing that the nucleation of ZnO thin films as the substrate temperatures increased. Higher particle size was observed as the substrate temperatures increased up to 400oC as well as high conductivity of thin films at 400oC.

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Chou, Chih Wei, Yueh Hsiung Kuo, You Cheng Hseu, Yung Shiu Chen, and Te Hsing Wu. "Study on the Preparation, Property and Drug Release Carrier of Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles for Cancer Treatment." Advanced Materials Research 284-286 (July 2011): 1800–1803. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.284-286.1800.

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In this paper, the effective nanocompoties (EFNCs) as drug carriers are prepared by grafting reaction of cationic chitosan (CS) and anionic tripolyphosphate (TPP) to encapsulate cancer therapeutic agents such as berberine (BB), KCY-24B…etc. These EFNCs were featured by ultra violet–visible-near infrared spectrophotometer (UV-VIS-NIR spectrophotometer), fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FT-IR), zetasizer, transmission electron microscope (TEM) and field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). So we can obtain here the synthetic method, characterization, and functionality of these effective nanoparticles.

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Chaiyo, Pitchanunt, Ladarat Kanlayavisut, Rinnatha Vongwatthaporn, Bok Ki Min, Seong Jun Kim, Ki Seok An, Supon Sumran, and Supakorn Pukird. "Synthesis and Investigation of MoO₃ Microfilms and Nanorods by Thermal Chemical Vapor Deposition." Key Engineering Materials 690 (May 2016): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.690.23.

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MoO3 microfilms and nanorods can be synthesized by using the powder of MoS2 as starting materials by thermal chemical vapor deposition. The prepared products on substrates were investigated by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectroscopy. FESEM images showed the uniformly microfilms and nanorods-like with diameter around 50-100 nm and length of about through 5 μm, respectively. XPS patterns and Raman shifts revealed the prepared products consisting of MoO3 structure phases.

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Nigam, Aarushi. "Acoustic Performance Evaluation of Sugarcane Bagasse Using Ambient Sound Meter and Scanning Electron Microscopy." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 9 (September 30, 2021): 1985–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.38284.

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Abstract: Non-stop research is afoot to replace synthetic materials with green-materials for sound absorption purposes. Employing of agricultural waste as building materials has been a successful trend throughout the years. This research targets to utilize sugarcane bagasse (SB) fibers as sound barriers with sodium silicate as an adhesive. The SB fibers were treated in an alkaline solution for delignification and to improve the surface morphology. The SB fibers were casted into sheet and further tested for sound transmission loss. Experimentation revealed that the fabricated sheets can be viable option as a sound absorbing medium. A tubular porous structure was observed through Field Emission Scanning Microscope (FESEM). It has the capability to be used as a low-cost, biodegradable, and eco-friendly acoustic material as compared to glass wool and other synthetic acoustic materials. Keywords: Acoustic material, Alkali-treatment, Ambience, FESEM microscopy, Low-cost, Natural fiber, Performance, Sugarcane Bagasse, Sustainability

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Macechko, P. Timothy, Harry van Keulen, Edward L. Jarroll, Thomas Mulgrew, Andrew Gurien, and Stanley L. Erlandsen. "Detection of Giardia Trophozoites in Archival Pathology Specimens of Human Small Intestine." Microscopy and Microanalysis 4, no. 4 (August 1998): 397–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927698980370.

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The examination of archival pathology specimens of human small intestine by light microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and confocal scanning laser microscopy using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) techniques was undertaken to better understand the epidemiology of Giardia. Giardia trophozoites were tentatively identified in the light microscope after hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. The organisms were adherent to the intestinal epithelium where they were also associated with strands of mucus within the lumen. Fluorochrome-conjugated antisense oligonucleotide probes, developed for the 16S rRNA of Giardia lamblia and Giardia muris, were used in FISH experiments with confocal scanning laser microscopy. Positive identification of trophozoites could be obtained with the G. lamblia probe, but not with the G. muris probe. FESEM examination of serial sections adjacent to FISH-stained sections revealed trophozoites characterized by their morphological features. The 16S rDNA probes specifically distinguished different species of Giardia, but whether multiple infections can occur within an individual host could not be determined.

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Han, Tan Kim, Leo Bey Fen, Ng Meng Nee, and Mohd Rafie Johan. "Synthesis and Optical Enhancement of Amorphous Carbon Nanotubes/Silver Nanohybrids via Chemical Route at Low Temperature." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/847806.

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We report the synthesis of amorphous carbon nanotubes/silver (αCNTs/Ag) nanohybrids via simple chemical route without additional reactant and surfactant at low temperature. Field emission scanning microscope (FESEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) confirmed formation of CNTs. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern confirmed the amorphous phase of carbon and the formation of Ag nanoparticles crystalline phase. Raman spectra revealed the amorphous nature ofαCNTs. UV-visible spectroscopy showed enhancement of optical properties ofαCNTs/Ag nanohybrids.

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Ge, Chang Chun, Jun Yu, Wei Ping Shen, Cheng Cheng, Guo Hua Ni, Lu Lu Meng, Ming Li, Cheng Xu Zhang, and Yue Dong Meng. "A New Method to Produce Superfine and Nano-Sized Fe Powders: Spark Plasma Discharge Process." Materials Science Forum 561-565 (October 2007): 861–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.561-565.861.

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Superfine and nano-sized Fe powders were prepared by a spark plasma discharge process in deionized water. The powders were characterized by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) with Oxford Inca EDX, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The experimental results indicate that the powders prepared by the process have a bimodal size distribution, high purity, single phase, good spherical shape and high yield.

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Ackerley, C. A., C. Nielsen, and G. Rodek. "Imaging Macromolecules and Viruses in a Hydrated State Using a Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM)." Microscopy and Microanalysis 21, S3 (August 2015): 49–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s143192761500104x.

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Obenauer-Kutner, Linda J., Rebecca Halperin, Peter M. Ihnat, Christopher P. Tully, Ronald W. Bordens, and Michael J. Grace. "Use of an Automated Image Processing Program to Quantify Recombinant Adenovirus Particles." Microscopy and Microanalysis 11, no. 1 (January 28, 2005): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927605050038.

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Electron microscopy has a pivotal role as an analytical tool in pharmaceutical research. However, digital image data have proven to be too large for efficient quantitative analysis. We describe here the development and application of an automated image processing (AIP) program that rapidly quantifies shape measurements of recombinant adenovirus (rAd) obtained from digitized field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) images. The program was written using the macro-recording features within Image-Pro® Plus software. The macro program, which is linked to a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet, consists of a series of subroutines designed to automatically measure rAd vector objects from the FESEM images. The application and utility of this macro program has enabled us to rapidly and efficiently analyze very large data sets of rAd samples while minimizing operator time.

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Yang, Wei, Chun Xiang Cui, Qiao Zhi Liu, and Ji Bing Sun. "Fabrication and Characterization of Integrated Ultrahigh-Density Pt Nanowire Arrays within the AAO Template." Materials Science Forum 789 (April 2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.789.1.

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The parallel Pt nanowires with highly ordered array and the length more than a dozen micrometers were prepared by the direct current electro-deposition in porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates. The deposition was performed in a aqueous solution of the Pt (NO2)2(NH3)2 composite electrolyte. The images and structure of Pt nanowire arrays were obtained by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM), respectively. Selected area electron diffraction (SAED) are employed to study the crystalline morphology of Pt nanowire arrays. The relationship between the nanowires length and electro-deposition time was discussed. Their growth speed is about 0.5μm/h. The TEM micrographs show that these nanowires have uniform diameter of approximate 55nm. SAED pattern reveals that the Pt nanowire has a polycrystalline structure.

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Reichelt, Rudolf, Thomas Schmidt, Dirk Kuckling, and Karl-Friedrich Arndt. "Structural characterization of temperature-sensitive hydrogels by field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM)." Macromolecular Symposia 210, no. 1 (March 2004): 501–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/masy.200450656.

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Zhang, Yao Jun, Hai Hong Li, Yong Lin Zhao, Ya Chao Wang, and De Long Xu. "Microstructure of Alkali-Activated Granulated Blast Furnace Slag-Based Geopolymer." Advanced Materials Research 250-253 (May 2011): 528–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.528.

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The microstructure of alkali-activated granulated blast furnace slag-based geopolymer was studied by means of field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDXA). FESEM images showed that the geopolymer material has worm-like microstructure in the nanoscale with an average particle size of 20 nm. EDXA results demonstrated that the Na-based and Ca-based geopolymers were produced via the disintegration of amorphous phases and some minerals in GBFS and polycondensation reaction of oxygen-silicon and oxygen-aluminum tetrahedrons under alkaline condition.

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Zhang, Yi He, J. H. Xin, W. A. Daoud, and Xiang Yang Hao. "UV-Blocking Properties of Silica/Titania Hybrid Nanocomposites." Key Engineering Materials 334-335 (March 2007): 1065–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.334-335.1065.

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Silica nanoparticles and silica/titania hybrid nanocomposites were synthesized by sol-gel processes, and padded on cotton fabric. The sizes of these particles ranged from tens to hundreds of nanometers. The morphologies of nanoparticles and hybrid nanocomposites were characterized by high magnification field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). The UV-blocking properties of untreated and treated fabrics with silica/titania nanocomposites were studied and discussed.

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Zainul Abidin, Nurul Aimi Mohd, Fauziah Abdul Aziz, Shahidan Radiman, Ariffin Ismail, Wan Md Zin Wan Yunus, Norazman Mohamad Nor, Risby Mohd Sohaimi, Ahmad Zaidi Sulaiman, Norhana Abdul Halim, and Dian Darina Indah Daruis. "Isolation of Microfibrillated Cellulose (MFC) from Local Hardwood Waste, Resak (Vatica spp.)." Materials Science Forum 846 (March 2016): 679–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.846.679.

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Micrifibrillated cellulose (MFC) is generally can be prepared either by acid hydrolysis, chemical treatments, or by a high pressure refiner. In this study, the MFC of Resak’s hardwood waste with high degree of crystallinity has been obtained by an acid hydrolysis using mineral acid H2SO4. The microstructures of the MFC were characterized via X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM).

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41

Gunawan, I. Sopyan, A. Naqshbandi, and S. Ramesh. "Synthesis of Zinc Doped-Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Nanopowder via Sol-Gel Method." Key Engineering Materials 531-532 (December 2012): 614–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.531-532.614.

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Biphasic calcium phosphate powders doped with zinc (Zn-doped BCP) were synthesized via sol-gel technique. Different concentrations of Zn have been successfully incorporated into biphasic calcium (BCP) phases namely: 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 10% and 15%. The synthesized powders were calcined at temperatures of 700-900°C. The calcined Zn-doped BCP powders were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential and thermogravimetric analysis (TG/DTA) and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the phases present in Zn-doped are hydroxyapatite, β- TCP and parascholzite. Moreover, FTIR analysis of the synthesized powders depicted that the bands of HPO4 increased meanwhile O-H decreased with an increase in the calcination temperature. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) results showed the agglomeration of particles into microscale aggregates with size of the agglomerates tending to increase with an increase in the dopant concentration.

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42

Zhang, Junhao, Yuhui Wu, Jia Zhu, Shaoxing Huang, Dongjing Zhang, and Qinghuan Yin. "Synthesis and optical properties of self-assembled flower-like CdS architectures by mixed solvothermal process." Open Chemistry 8, no. 5 (October 1, 2010): 1027–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11532-010-0075-2.

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AbstractSelf-assembled CdS architectures with flower-like structures have been synthesized by a mixed solvothermal method using ethylene glycol and oleic acid as the mixed solvent at 160°C for 12 h. The results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images indicate that the product exists as the hexagonal wurtzite phase and conatins of larger numbers of flower-like CdS architectures with diameters of 1.8–3 μm. The selected-area electron diffraction (SAED) pattern and the high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) image reveal that the grain has better crystallinity. The optical properties of flower-like CdS architectures were also investigated by ultraviolet-visable (UV-vis) and photoluminescence spectroscopy at room temperature. A strong peak at 490 nm is shown in the UV-vis absorption, while an emission at 486 nm and another strong emission at 712 nm are shown in the PL spectrum.

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Apkarian, R. P. "Dual-stage choreography of bulk biological specimens by Schottky field-emission SEM: Quality imaging at all magnifications." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 52 (1994): 1014–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100172802.

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The utility of a dual stage scanning electron microscope boasting a Schottky field emission (FE) source, for imaging bulk biological samples is its versatility to select the quality of the secondary electron signal. The detector placement and the specimen staging, either in or below the final probe forming lens, results in two distinct secondary electron images dominated by either the backscatter electron (BSE) component or by specimen specific secondary electrons (SE) that generate a high resolution image. It is only the voltage range to operate the FESEM and whether or not to enhance the SE-I contrast from biological specimens, with the coating of an ultrathin continuous fine grain metal film, which need to be determined for successful image recordings. Our facility has employed 1 nm chromium films on bulk biological specimens in order to restrict the electron beam interaction volume and generate a more intense SE-I signal contrast. Due to the extreme stability and minimal 1 nm beam diameter of the Schottky FESEM operated at high voltage (20-30 keV), very high resolution images of membrane ectodomains composed of hydrocarbons <10 nm in diameter (not colloidal gold markers) were recorded when the specimen was coated with Cr.

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Liao, Xuan Mao, and Ding Yi Zhu. "Characteristics of Surface and Interface of Mercury-Stannum Reactive Wetting at Room Temperature." Advanced Materials Research 399-401 (November 2011): 1909–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.399-401.1909.

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Mercury-stannum reactive wetting behaviors were studied by the sessile drop technique at room temperature, and wetting surface and interface were also studied respectively by methods of field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and XRD. It showed that mercury droplets wetted completely on the stannum substrate, on whose surface up-and-down cellular structures were generated, and two metallographic microstructures of intermetallic compounds, Hg0.1Sn0.9 and Hg1.25Sn8.75, were produced in wetting interface.

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Wang, Zi Run, Xin Liu, Gui Qi Xie, Yi Wu, Ming Nie, Hua Lin, and Qing Li. "Convenient Route to Cu-Ag Bimetallic Nanoleaflets with High Content of Cu and their Electrochemical Properties." Key Engineering Materials 727 (January 2017): 395–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.727.395.

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Cu-Ag alloy nanoparticles were synthesized by a liquid phase reduction method. Using sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate (SFS) as reducing agents, copper-silver bimetallic nanoleaflets with high content of Cu were prepared. The obtained Cu-Ag bimetallic nanocrystal were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Different molar ratio of Cu-Ag bimetallic nanomaterials could produce different morphologies. The surfactant β-CD plays a crucial role on the structure of the products. The different molar ratios of Cu-Ag were also investigated. The electrochemical activity was evaluated using cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in a 0.5M Na2SO4 electrolyte.

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Panessa-Warren, Barbara J., George T. Tortora, and John B. Warren. "High Resolution FESEM and TEM Reveal Bacterial Spore Attachment." Microscopy and Microanalysis 13, no. 4 (July 16, 2007): 251–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927607070651.

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Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies in the 1960s and early 1970s using conventional thin section and freeze fracture methodologies revealed ultrastructural bacterial spore appendages. However, the limited technology at that time necessitated the time-consuming process of imaging serial sections and reconstructing each structure. Consequently, the distribution and function of these appendages and their possible role in colonization or pathogenesis remained unknown. By combining high resolution field emission electron microscopy with TEM images of identical bacterial spore preparations, we have been able to obtain images of intact and sectioned Bacillus and Clostridial spores to clearly visualize the appearance, distribution, resistance (to trypsin, chloramphenicol, and heat), and participation of these structures to facilitate attachment of the spores to glass, agar, and human cell substrates. Current user-friendly commercial field emission scanning electron microscopes (FESEMs), permit high resolution imaging, with high brightness guns at lower accelerating voltages for beam sensitive intact biological samples, providing surface images at TEM magnifications for making direct comparisons. For the first time, attachment structures used by pathogenic, environmental, and thermophile bacterial spores could be readily visualized on intact spores to reveal how specific appendages and outer spore coats participated in spore attachment, colonization, and invasion.

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Haiza, Haroon, I. I. Yaacob, and Ahmad Zahirani Ahmad Azhar. "Effect of Voltage on Colloidal Gold (Au) Nanoparticles Produced Using Electro-Dissolution-Reduction Method." Advanced Materials Research 1115 (July 2015): 386–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1115.386.

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Colloidal gold nanoparticles have been successfully prepared using a simple two-electrode cells connected to a DC power supply. During the electro-dissolution-reduction process, the bulk gold at the anode oxidized into gold cations which then reacted with the chloride ions to form aurochloride complex. The complex ions were then reduced by the citrate ion to form colloidal gold nanoparticles. The size and shape of the nanoparticles were modulated by varying the terminal voltages. The colloidal gold nanoparticles obtained were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (UV-Vis). From FESEM analysis, it was found that by increasing the voltage, the size of colloidal gold nanoparticles produced marginally decreased. The mean sizes of gold nanoparticles were roughly about 23.5 nm, 23.2 nm and 19.3 nm for 32 V, 36 V and 40 V, respectively. TEM micrograph showed that the shape of gold nanoparticles obtained is almost spherical. The characteristic peaks of UV-Vis spectra revealed that the suspension was indeed colloidal gold nanoparticles. Keywords: Gold, Nanoparticles, Electro-dissolution-reduction

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Md Sin, N. D., Mohamad Hafiz Mamat, and Mohamad Rusop. "Electrical Properties of Nanostructured Aluminum Doped Zinc Oxide (ZnO) Thin Film Prepared Using Sol-Gel Spin-Coating Method at Different Doping Concentrations." Advanced Materials Research 667 (March 2013): 507–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.667.507.

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Aluminum (Al) doped Zinc Oxide (ZnO) thin films were prepared using sol-gel spin-coating method at different doping concentrations. The effects of Al doping concentration at 0~5 at.% on the Al doped ZnO thin film properties have been investigated. The thin films were characterized using Current-Voltage (I-V) measurement and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) for electrical properties and surface morphology, respectively. The I-V measurement result indicated electrical properties of Al doped ZnO thin film improved with Al doping. The FESEM investigations show that the nanoparticles size becomes smaller and denser as the doping concentration increase.

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ARSHI, NISHAT, JUNQING LU, BON HEUN KOO, CHAN GYU LEE, and FAHEEM AHMED. "EFFECT OF SUBSTRATE TEMPERATURE ON MICRO-STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF Ti AND TiN FILMS DEPOSITED BY E-BEAM EVAPORATION TECHNIQUE." Surface Review and Letters 19, no. 04 (July 26, 2012): 1250037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x12500370.

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We report the deposition of Ti and TiN films on Si/SiO2 (100) substrate using e-beam evaporation technique. The influence of substrate temperature on the structural and morphological properties has been studied. The structure and morphology of the deposited films were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) measurements, respectively. XRD patterns reveal the FCC symmetry for both the Ti and TiN films. The grain size of the films was found to increase with the increase in substrate temperature. FESEM micrographs showed a smooth morphology of the film with columnar grain structure.

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Krawiec, Sebastian, and Łukasz Krawczyk. "Microstructural Investigations of Cracks in Turbine Wheels in Car Engine Turbochargers." Solid State Phenomena 231 (June 2015): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.231.133.

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The turbine wheel is the most affected element in passenger car turbochargers. In order to meet the requirements for the high temperature corrosion, vibrations and the mechanical resistance in the oxidizing environment of the exhaust gases, the turbine wheel is produced from polycrystalline nickel based superalloys, Inconel 713C in the as-cast condition. In this work the methods and results of turbine wheel failure analysis are presented. For this type of research, correlative microscopy, light microscope Axio Imager Z2m (LM), scanning electron microscope Zeiss Ultra Plus with field emission (FESEM) equipped with EDX detector and stereoscopic microscope were used. The results of this work suggest that the Inconel 713C turbine wheel was damaged by two factors: fatigue cracking at low frequencies and grain boundaries oxidation.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM)'

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