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Houser, Letise T. "The importance of horizontal swimming behavior in maintaining patches of larval crabs." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file 1.34 Mb., 156 p, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3200543.
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Gulmann, Lara K. 1975. "Gut-associated microbial symbionts of the marsh fiddler crab, Uca pugnax." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/28678.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Biology, 2004.Page 160 blank.
Includes bibliographical references.
(cont.) bacterial phylotypes. An exception was the U. pugnax hindgut phylotype most closely related to a phylotype identified from hindguts of the detritivorous shrimp Neotrypaea califomiensis. This finding suggests that detritivorous crustacean hindguts may provide an ecological niche for specific bacterial phylotypes. Functionally, resident bacteria, particularly in the hindgut, may contribute to total enzyme activity in the gut of their host.
Digestive associations between marine invertebrates and resident (attached) microbial communities may play a critical role in host physiology and involve previously unidentified microbial species. The overarching goal of this thesis was to characterize the ecology and genetic diversity of resident gut microbes to advance our understanding of their interactions with their host, the marsh fiddler crab, Uca pugnax. Furthermore, we assessed whether microbes benefit the host by contributing extracellular enzymes along the digestive tract. This is the first report of the eccrinid protists, Enteromyces callianassae and Enterobryus sp., inhabiting U. pugnax. The greatest abundances of both bacteria and protists were documented in the host stomach and hindgut. For these sections, we have described morphologies, measured abundances and characterized the genetic diversity (bacteria) of resident microbes. Presence and abundance of the Eccrinales protists depends on host molt stage as all eccrinid biomass is shed with the host's molt. In intermolt crabs, both bacterial and protozoan symbionts appear to be consistent features of the stomach and hindgut. Furthermore, bacterial diversity patterns seem to be comparable among individuals and over time, as assessed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). Community composition, however, does differ between stomach and hindgut populations, as resolved by DGGE and clone libraries of the 16S rRNA gene. Many recovered clones were most closely related to other symbiotic or gut-associated bacteria. Few identified clones, however, shared more than 95% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with their nearest known relatives, indicating that this environment may support novel
by Lara K. Gulmann.
Ph.D.
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Muramatsu, Daisuke. "Mating investment for sand structure construction by the fiddler crab Uca lactea." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/124456.
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Didion, Jeremiah E. "Spectral Sensitivity Underlying Two Different Visual Behaviors in the Fiddler Crab, Uca Pugilator." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin156387282269598.
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Weese, David Andrew. "Molecular population genetics of the Atlantic sand fiddler crab, Uca pugilator, along the Atlantic Coast." Click here to access thesis, 2006. http://www.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/archive/fall2006/david_a_weese/weese_david_a_200608_ms.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Georgia Southern University, 2006."A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Georgia Southern University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Science" ETD. Includes bibliographical references (p. 31-35)
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How, Martin J. "The fiddler crab claw-waving display : an analysis of the structure and function of a movement-based visual signal /." View thesis entry in Australian Digital Theses Program, 2007. http://thesis.anu.edu.au/public/adt-ANU20081001.111333/index.html.
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Walls, Michael. "Path integration in the fiddler crab, Uca pugilator: Evidence for a stride-based odometer." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1258475516.
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Ebie, Jessica D. "The role of sensory systems in directional perception of the fiddler crab, Uca pugilator." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1343052088.
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Walls, Michael L. "Path integration in the fiddler crab, Uca pugilator evidence for a stride-based odometer /." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc_num=ucin1258475516.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Cincinnati, 2009.Advisor: John E. Layne. Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed Feb. 24, 2010). Includes abstract. Keywords: path integration; fiddler crabs; uca pugilator. Includes bibliographical references.
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Hubbard, Charles Robert. "A comparison of invasive and non-invasive techniques for emasuring fiddler crab density in a salt marsh by Charles R. Hubbard." Click here to access thesis, 2008. http://www.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/archive/fall2008/charles_r_hubbard/Hubbard_Charles_R_200808_MS.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Georgia Southern University, 2008."A thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Georgia Southern University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Science." Directed by Sophie B. George. ETD. INDEX WORDS: Fiddler crabs, Population density, Salt marsh, Survey techniques Includes bibliographical references (p. 28-30) and appendices.
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Rajkumar, Premraj. "Spatial, temporal and spectral properties of photoreceptor cells in the fiddler crab Uca pugilator (Bosc, 1802)." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1346171602.
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Taylor, Leigh M. "Photoinduced Toxicity in Early Lifestage Fiddler Crab (Uca longisignalis) Following Exposure to Deepwater Horizon Spill Oil." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc822799/.
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The 2010 Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill resulted in a large release of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) into the Gulf of Mexico. PAH can interact with ultraviolet radiation (UV) resulting in increased toxicity, particularly to early lifestage organisms. The goal of this research was to determine the sensitivity of fiddler crab larvae (Uca longisignalis) to photo-induced toxicity following exposure to Deepwater Horizon spill oil in support of the DWH Natural Resource Damage Assessment. Five replicate dishes each containing 20 larvae, were exposed to one of three UV treatments (10%, 50%, and 100% ambient natural sunlight) and one of five dilutions of water accommodated fractions of two naturally weathered source oils. A dose dependent effect of PAH and UV on larval mortality was observed. Mortality was markedly higher in PAH treatments that included co-exposure to more intense UV light. PAH treatments under low intensity sunlight had relatively high survival. These data demonstrate the importance of considering combined effects of non-chemical (i.e. UV exposure) and chemical stressors and the potential for photo-induced effects after exposure to PAH following the Deepwater Horizon spill.
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How, Martin John, and martin how@anu edu au. "The fiddler crab claw-waving display: an analysis of the structure and function of a movement-based visual signal." The Australian National University. Research School of Biological Sciences, 2004. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20081001.111333.
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Communication is an essential component of animal social systems and a diverse suite of signals can be found in the natural environment. An area of animal communication that, for technical reasons, we know very little about is the field of movement-based or dynamic visual signals. In this thesis, I make use of recent advances in measurement and analysis techniques, including digital video and image motion processing tools, to improve our understanding of how movement-based signals are adjusted according to signalling context. I measured and characterised the flamboyant claw-waving displays of male fiddler crabs (Genus Uca) and made use of their transparent lifestyle to record the behavioural contexts in which these signals are produced.¶
The claw-waving displays of seven Australian species of fiddler crab are compared and contrasted to show that these signals are species-specific, but also vary within and between individuals. I show that the species Uca perplexa produces different types of signal in different behavioural contexts, a lateral wave for courtship, and a vertical wave during short-range agonistic and courtship interactions. The structure of the lateral courtship waves of Uca perplexa vary according to the distance of signal receivers, the first time this kind of relationship has been shown in a dynamic visual signal. Finally, I describe and analyse the signalling and orientation behaviour of U. elegans during courtship herding, an unusual mating system that uses the claw-waving display in a novel way.¶
The adjustments made by fiddler crabs to their displays during changes in behavioural contexts suggest that the fine-scale context-sensitivity of animal signals may be far more widespread in communication than hitherto recognised.
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Crane, Dakota A. "Future Changes to Species' Range along the South American Coast Based on Statistically Downscaled SST Projections." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1555352153855504.
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O'Leary, Patricia Anne. "The Development of Fiddler Crabs (Uca Spp.) as a Comparative Model System for the Parasitic Dinoflagellate, Hematodinium Perezi and its Natural Host the Blue Crab, Callinectes Sapidus." W&M ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1550153657.
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Herein, I have completed several experiments which encompass developing fiddler crabs as a model system, as well as sentinel and temperature studies to investigate biotic and abiotic factors in parasite transmission. My studies show which factors prevent, delay, or accelerate transmission and progression of H. perezi. The fiddler crab experiments by chapter are as follows: Chapter 1. I screened adult and juvenile fiddler crab populations for naturally occurring H. perezi infections at endemic and non-endemic sites. No natural infections were found in the adult or juvenile populations (Chapter 1 and 3). I completed inoculation trials with U. minax, U. pugnax, and U. pugilator, demonstrating that the parasite can survive and replicate in these species. Fiddler crabs can live for several months with patent infections. For example, I successfully transferred H. perezi from blue crab to fiddler crab and back to blue crab. Through serial inoculations I was able to serially maintain the parasite in the lab year-round. Building on the above experiments, I completed minimum dose studies which showed that a minimum inoculum of 1,000 parasite cells was required for patent infections. Additionally, I evaluated parasite progression through studies using Uca minax. These studies which used an inoculum in the ameboid trophont and clump colony stages showed that H. perezi progresses through its life-history stages in fiddler crabs as it would in blue crabs, with the filamentous trophont stage first observed in the hemolymphs smears followed by the ameboid trophont stage. Chapter 2. Intertidal environments are well known as areas of environmental extremes, and accordingly the animals that reside there have adapted to those conditions out of necessity. One abiotic factor that can have large diel variation is temperature. to address the impact of temperature variation of the marsh and subtidal habitat on H. perezi, I developed laboratory temperature experiments with nascent infections (7 °C, 15°C, 20°C, 25°C, 30°C), with patent infections (10°C, 15°C, 20°C, 30°C), and a progression series over fine scale (15°C, 17°C, 19°C, 20°C) temperature increments. These studies demonstrated that growth of the parasite is limited at the higher and lower temperatures, and that H. perezi is eliminated from the host at 30°C. This was confirmed by hemolymph smears, histology, and PCR. Chapter 3. The successful laboratory inoculations and lack of infections in fiddler crabs from endemic areas led to additional field deployments. These experiments aimed to address the dissonance of the initial results. My sentinel studies included fiddler crabs deployed in a crab pot from a pier touching bottom, deployed from the pier approximately mid-tidal height, deployed mid-marsh in mesh cages without access to bury, and deployed mid-marsh with access to bury. Fiddler crabs can obtain H. perezi infections in the marsh when caged without access to bury or when fully or partially submerged from a pier. However, they do not obtain H. perezi infections when given access to bury. Natural behaviors, such as burying along with elevated marsh temperatures likely prevent the establishment of H. perezi in the natural fiddler crab population.
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Ray, Kacy Lyn. "Factors affecting Wilson's Plover (Charadrius wilsonia) demography and habitat use at Onslow Beach, Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, North Carolina." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30996.
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The Wilson’s Plover (Charadrius wilsonia) is a species of concern in most southeastern U.S. coastal states, where it breeds and winters. The U.S. Shorebird Conservation Plan listed this species as a Species of High Concern (Prioritization Category 4), and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has designated it as a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC). Despite its conservation status, Wilson’s Plover population trends are poorly understood and little research has been conducted examining habitat factors affecting this species’ breeding and foraging ecology. I collected Wilson’s Plover demographic data and explored which habitat characteristics influenced breeding success and foraging site selection among three coastal habitat types (i.e. fiddler crab (Uca spp.) mud flats, beach front, and interdune sand flats) at Onslow Beach, Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, 2008-2009. I observed little difference between years in nest success (≥ 1 egg hatched), failure, and overall nest survival. The majority of nest failures were caused by mammalian predators. For those nests that hatched successfully, greater proportions were located in clumped vegetation than on bare ground or sparsely vegetated areas. In-season chick survival for both years was higher for nests that hatched earlier in the season, and for nests farthest from the broods’ final foraging territory. Productivity estimates (chicks fledged per breeding pair) were not significantly different between years (0.88 ± 0.26 fledged/pair in 2008, 1.00 ± 0.25 fledged/pair in 2009) despite a shift in foraging behavior, possibly related to habitat alterations and availability in 2009. My findings indicate that Wilson’s Plover adults and broods were flexible in establishing final foraging territories; in 2008 all final brood foraging territories were on fiddler flats while in 2009, final foraging territories were sometimes split between fiddler flats, beach front, and interdune sand flats. For those Wilson’s Plovers establishing territories on fiddler flats, area of the flat was the most important feature explaining use versus non-use of a particular flat; area ≥ 1250 m² was preferred. Close proximity to water and vegetative cover were also important habitat features in foraging site selection on fiddler crab mud flats, and in all habitat types combined. My findings will directly contribute to population and habitat research goals outlined in the U.S. Shorebird Plan and will supplement limited data about foraging and habitat use related to Wilson’s Plover breeding ecology.Master of Science
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Martin, Jennifer Lynn. "The effect of cattle grazing on the abundance and distribution of selected macroinvertebrates in west Galveston Island salt marshes." Thesis, Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969/179.
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DeRivera, Catherine E. "Conflict over male searching in fiddler crabs /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9956458.
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Choi, Kwong-chuen. "The ecology of fiddler crabs (Crustacea: Ocypodidae) at the Mai Po Marshes Nature Reserve, Hong Kong /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1991. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12971820.
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Skov, Martin Wiggers. "Reproduction and feeding ecology of East African mangrove crabs, and their influence on forest energy flow." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.250459.
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Souza, Laize Santana de. "Influência da zonação sobre a estrutura populacional e biologia reprodutiva de UCA Leptodactylus (Crustacea : Decapoda : Ocypodidae) em estuários do Estado de Sergipe." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2014. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/4427.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorThe present study investigated the effect of different strata of tide on the abundance, size, sex ratio, population structure, relative growth, morphological sexual maturity, amount of ovigerous females and reproductive burrows in U. leptodactylus. To this end, monthly collections were made from January to December 2013 in two strata of the intertidal, estuaries of Sergipe river and Vaza-barris river, using a square with internal area of 90cm², launched ten times randomly within each strata. For each stratum monthly measures air temperature, substrate temperature, water temperature, salinity and samples episubstrate for the determination of particle size and composition of organic matter were taken. In the laboratory, crabs were sexed, measured and preserved in 70% alcohol. The monthly results were statistically compared between strata and estuaries, there are similarities in environmental factors analyzed between strata, with an analysis of the abundance, size, relative growth and sexual maturity divergent between the same strata.The abundance and size of crabs were higher in the open strata of both estuaries, with the estuary of Vaza-barris river more abundant than estuary of Sergipe river, which in turn showed higher crabs. The sex ratio was not significantly different between the strata of the estuary of Vaza-barris river, but presented to the estuary of Sergipe river, where in the open strata occurred more males and more females in the vegetated strata. Population structure showed 19 classes of size 0.5 mm with modal distribution of recent juveniles for vegetated strata and adults to open strata. Juvenile and adult crabs showed positive allometric growth between carapace width and length of the propodus and width of the abdomen, separately for each sex. The fiddler crabs vegetated strata matured in smaller sizes than that observed for the open strata in both estuaries, in the estuary of Vaza-barris river males and females matured with 6.18 and 5.26 mm and 4.94 and 4.91 mm carapace width in open and vegetated strata, respectively. In the estuary of Sergipe river males and females matured with 5.61 and 5.36 and 5.24 mm and 4.39 mm carapace width in open and vegetated strata respectively. The similarity in abiotic factors between open and vegetated strata, and differences in the abundance, population structure and reproductive biology have led to the consideration of the reproductive behavior of lekking for U. leptodactylus. Ovigerous females and reproductive burrows occurred primarily in the open strata, so these areas were considered reproductive arenas, while vegetated strata were considered priority areas in recruitment.
O presente trabalho investigou o efeito de diferentes estratos de maré sobre a abundância, tamanho, razão sexual, estrutura populacional, crescimento relativo, maturidade sexual morfológica, quantidade de fêmeas ovígeras e tocas reprodutivas em U. leptodactylus. Para tal, foram realizadas coletas mensais no período de Janeiro à Dezembro de 2013 em dois estratos do entremarés, nos estuários do rio Sergipe e rio Vaza-barris, utilizando-se um quadrado com área interna de 90cm², lançado dez vezes aleatoriamente em cada estrato. Para cada estrato mensalmente foram tomadas as medidas de temperatura do ar, temperatura do substrato, temperatura da água, salinidade e amostras do episubstrato, para a determinação do teor de matéria orgânica e composição granulometria. Em laboratório, os caranguejos foram sexados, medidos e conservados em álcool 70%. Os resultados obtidos mensalmente foram comparados estatisticamente entre estratos e estuários, observou-se semelhança nos fatores ambientais analisado entre os estratos, sendo a análise da abundância, tamanho, crescimento relativo e maturidade sexual divergente entre os mesmos estratos. A abundância e o tamanho dos caranguejos foram maiores nos estratos abertos de ambos os estuários, sendo o estuário do rio Vaza-barris mais abundante do que o estuário do rio Sergipe, que por sua vez apresentou caranguejos maiores. A razão sexual não apresentou diferença significativa entre os estratos para o estuário do rio Vaza-barris, porém apresentou para o estuário do rio Sergipe, onde no estrato aberto ocorreram mais machos e nos estratos vegetados mais fêmeas. A estrutura populacional apresentou 19 classes de tamanho de 0,5 mm, com distribuição modal de juvenis recentes para os estratos vegetados e de adultos para os estratos abertos. Os caranguejos juvenis e adultos apresentaram crescimento alométrico positivo entre a largura da carapaça e comprimento do própodo e largura do abdômen, separadamente para cada sexo. Os chama-marés dos estratos vegetados maturaram em tamanhos menores do que o observado para os estratos abertos de ambos os estuários, no estuários do rio Vaza-barris os machos e fêmeas maturaram com 6,18 e 5,26 mm e 4,94 e 4,91 mm de largura da carapaça nos estratos aberto e vegetado, respectivamente. No estuário do rio Sergipe os machos e fêmeas maturaram com 5,61 e 5,36 mm e 5,24 e 4,39 mm de largura da carapaça nos estratos aberto e vegetado, respectivamente. A semelhança nos fatores abióticos entre os estratos abertos e vegetados, e as divergências na abundância, estrutura populacional e biologia reprodutiva, levaram à consideração do comportamento reprodutivo de lekking para U. leptodactylus. As fêmeas ovígeras e tocas reprodutivas ocorreram prioritariamente nos estratos abertos, portanto essas áreas foram consideradas arenas reprodutivas, enquanto os estratos vegetados foram considerados áreas prioritárias no recrutamento.
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Stueckle, Todd Alan. "An evaluation of the non-target effects of mosquito control pesticides on Uca pugnax physiology, limb regeneration and molting processes." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2008. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5767.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2008.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xv, 239 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.
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Hong, Luke. "Spatial navigation in fiddler crabs: Goal oriented path integration of Uca pugilator." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1384850701.
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Michie, Laura. "Investigating the coexistence of fiddler crabs in the Wakatobi Marine National Park, Indonesia." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2017. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/investigating-the-coexistence-of-fiddler-crabs-in-the-wakatobi-marine-national-park-indonesia(c7645e39-0e5c-4df4-be13-7735e85b9773).html.
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The coexistence of ten species of fiddler crab was studied at Ambeua, on the island of Kaledupa, Indonesia. This remarkable level of biodiversity has been used to investigate the species-specific differences that support coexistence. Through studying their morphology, behaviour and the structure of their habitat it can be seen that they occupy distinct but overlapping niches. Each species is described and studied in detail, with notes and imaging based on morphology, phylogenetics, ecology and behaviour. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted using the cytochrome oxidase subunit I and sequences provided strong evidence to support classification. Five transects were delimited in the area of coexistence as well as four outside of this area. Shore height profiles, shading and substrate type were quantified for all transects. Mouthpart morphology was analysed to determine whether associated substrate type correlated with mouthpart morphology. Tubuca coarctata, Tubuca demani, Tubuca dussumieri, Paraleptuca crassipes, and Austruca triangularis were all active in shaded areas and on fine muddy substrates. Austruca cryptica and Austruca mjoebergi were active in unshaded/open areas on sandy substrates, whilst Gelasimus jocelynae, Gelasimus tetragonon and Austruca perplexa were found in both shaded and unshaded areas on sandy substrates. Morphological analysis showed that Tubuca coarctata, Tubuca demani, Tubuca dussumieri, Paraleptuca crassipes, Austruca triangularis, Gelasimus jocelynae and Gelasimus tetragonon all had mouthparts associated with finer sediments whilst Austruca cryptica, Austruca perplexa and Austruca mjoebergi had mouthparts associated with coarser sediments. Detailed analysis of distribution, individual home ranges and nearest neighbours revealed numerous interspecific overlaps and interactions. The close proximity of the local village increases habitat heterogeneity, with crabs recorded living underneath the stilted houses. These anthropogenic factors are directly altering the ecosystem, increasing niche availability and allowing crabs to dwell in places otherwise uninhabitable.
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Choi, Kwong-chuen, and 蔡廣全. "The ecology of fiddler crabs (Crustacea: Ocypodidae) at the Mai Po Marshes Nature Reserve, Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1991. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31209671.
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Ward, Landon Alan. "Effects of Sediment Characteristics on the Distribution of Fiddler Crabs (Uca spp) at Goodwin Island, Virginia." W&M ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539617815.
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Murphy, Gwendolyn Ann. "HABITAT PREFERENCES OF GULF COAST FIDDLER CRABS AND RESPONSES OF PLANT AND SOIL CHARACTERISTICS TO THEIR BURROWING." OpenSIUC, 2020. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2714.
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Research in salt marshes dominated by the grass Sporobolus alterniflorus indicates that plant characteristics affect fiddler crab burrowing and in turn, crab activity can enhance primary productivity by increasing soil oxygen and nutrient cycling. Crab-plant interactions are less understood in microtidal Gulf Coast marshes compared to Atlantic Coast tidal marshes. It is unknown how structure of the dominant Gulf Coast vegetation zones (salt marsh, brackish marsh, fresh marsh and salt pannes) affects density of crab burrows and how burrows may influence primary productivity. I hypothesized that fiddler crabs would be most abundant in marsh zones with intermediate substrate hardness and vegetation density (Goldilocks Hypothesis). A seasonal habitat preference study was conducted during 2016-2017 in tidal marshes at Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve in coastal Mississippi using burrow density as a proxy for crab abundance. Plant above- and below-ground biomass, burrow proximity to vegetation, and soil hardness were also surveyed as potential drivers of fiddler crab populations. The results indicated that fiddler crabs burrow in all four zones, but to varying degrees, and that burrow density was highest during autumn. The fresh marsh had the highest average density of burrows, as well as vegetation and soil parameters most representative of intermediate habitat, thereby supporting the “Goldilocks Hypothesis”. The brackish marsh also proved to be important fiddler crab habitat. Preferential fiddler crab usage of habitat upslope of salt marsh, e.g., fresh and brackish marsh, in Gulf Coast sites suggests that they may avoid immediate impacts of rising sea levels and possibly even migrate to higher ground if needed.
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Souza, Silas Candido Principe. "Differential effects of water loss and temperature increase in the physiology of fiddler crabs from distinct habitats." Botucatu, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151743.
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Orientador: Tânia Marcia CostaResumo: A temperatura é uma das principais restrições ambientais à distribuição dos organismos, afetando a fisiologia e sobrevivência. Organismos que habitam a zona do entremarés estão constantemente expostos à variação da temperatura e, com as mudanças climáticas, esses organismos devem enfrentar condições diferentes, que incluem temperaturas mais elevadas, levando a maiores taxas de perda de água por evaporação e, consequentemente, redução do desempenho ou mortalidade. Neste estudo, testamos os efeitos da dessecação em duas espécies de caranguejos violinistas (Leptuca thayeri e Minuca rapax) que ocupam habitats distintos em relação à cobertura da vegetação e posição no entremarés e, portanto, podem responder de forma diferente ao estresse por dessecação e ao aumento da temperatura. Leptuca thayeri, que é restrita à zona intermediária do entremarés, é mais sensível à dessecação do que M. rapax, uma espécie generalista, com maiores taxas de dessecação e mortalidade quando expostas à dessecação por 120 minutos. Além disso, em comparação com M. rapax, L. thayeri possui uma carapaça mais permeável. Também avaliamos se o aumento de temperatura pode causar alterações fisiológicas na espécie mais restrita L. thayeri, tendo acesso a alimento e à água. Uma elevação de temperatura de 10 ° C e 20 ° C durante 72 h não causou mortalidade em L. thayeri nem mudanças na concentração de glicose e proteína na hemolinfa. No entanto, as temperaturas mais altas aumentaram os níveis de lactato desidrogen... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
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Jennions, Michael D. "Signalling and sexual selection in animals and plants." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670250.
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Franco, Marco E. "A Mesocosm Assessment of the Ecotoxicological Effects of Crude Oil in Two Species of Fiddler Crabs (Uca spp.) from the Northern Gulf of Mexico." Thesis, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10286530.
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The intensive drilling and extraction of fossil fuels in the Gulf of Mexico (GoM) result in a considerable risk for oil spills impacting coastal ecosystems in the GoM. Two ecologically-important macroinvertebrate species on the northern GoM coast are the gulf marsh fiddler crab Uca longisignalis and the gulf sand fiddler crab Uca panacea. These decapod crustaceans are ecosystem engineers as their burrowing and feeding activities modify biogeochemical processes. They are also important as prey for a wide variety of other crustaceans, fish, birds and mammals. The present study used mesocosm and microcosm designs to investigate effects of crude oil on fiddler crab burrowing and to assess cellular and tissue damage by the oil. Fiddler crabs were exposed for periods of 5 or 10 days to oil concentrations up to 55 mg/cm2 on the surface of the sediment. Burrowing was delayed, burrows were smaller, and movement of sediment transport was less efficient in oil-contaminated sediment. The hepatopancreas had elevated levels of lipid peroxidation and showed an increase in the relative abundance of specific cells (blister cells) that play a role in secretory processes. Interspecific differences were also observed for most endpoints, suggesting higher oil-sensitivity in U. panacea than in U. longisignalis. These new insights into the effects of crude oil on fiddler crabs demonstrate that oil spills are likely to impact both the fiddler crabs themselves, as well as the many species that depend on them for their diet or for the ecological changes that result from their burrowing.
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Pillon, Clarissa Ferreira. "DIVERSIDADE DE CARANGUEJOS E ESTRUTURA POPULACIONAL DE Uca cumulanta Crane, 1943 (DECAPODA: BRACHYURA: OCYPODIDAE) EM UM MANGUEZAL NO NORDESTE BRASILEIRO." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2014. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5313.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorThe aim of this study was to describe the richness and composition of crabs (Crustacea: Brachyura) from four stations in the Rio Formoso mangrove, state of Pernambuco, and then characterize the population structure of the fiddler crab Uca cumulanta. Samplings were carried out monthly from March 2009 to April 2010, covering all microhabitats. The air temperature, burrow´s temperature and burrow´s salinity were measured and correlated to abundance of species, were also compared among sampling sites and between dry and rainy periods. To determine patterns in the structure and composition of the brachyuran taxocenosis were performed multivariate analyzes and calculated the diversity indices total and for each station. Were recorded 7.544 brachyuran crabs belonging to 23 species, 12 genera and seven families. The families with greater richness were Ocypodidae and Panopeidae. In relation to stations the greatest richness was recorded in station 4 (18 species) followed by station 1 (15 species), station 2 (13 species) and station 3 (8 species) of crabs was observed. The highest abundance was found in station 1 (2.242) individuals, followed by station 3 (2.039), station 2 (1.820) and station 4 (1.443). Uca thayeri and U. leptodactylus were the most abundant species. The highest Shannon diversity occurred in station 4, station 2 and 3 had the lowest evenness. The taxocenosis of crabs showed a clear spatial pattern with high dissimilarity between stations, greatest between stations 3 and 4 (72.01 %). Environmental variables did not influence the abundance of species and it also did not varied among sampling stations, however, varied between dry and rainy period. The results showed that the diversity of crabs in the mangrove areas of Rio Formoso was expressive, however, with low diversity indices due to dominance of some species, the collection area has great spatial heterogeneity and environmental variables had no influence on the abundance of crabs at this site. In order to characterize the population structure of Uca cumulanta, based on same data sampling described before, the average size of males and females, the frequency distribution by size classes (carapace width - CW), sex ratio, ovigerous females and handedness in the population were analyzed. A total of 346 individuals were collected: 211 males and 135 females. There was no significant difference in the average size of carapace width of males (7.86 ± 1.07 mm) and females (7.88 ± 1.15 mm). The size frequency distribution was normal and unimodal for both males and females. The overall sex-ratio (1.56: 1) shows a higher frequency of males. Only five ovigerous females were found and a population was predominant right-handed. In general, population of U. cumulanta is stable and data was similar to those previously recorded for other species of the genus. Considering that most tropical mangroves were not well explored and there are many species to be discovered, this study will contribute to the knowledge of local taxocenosis and thus provide allowance for crab conservation and management of this estuarine area.
O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever a riqueza e a composição de caranguejos (Crustacea: Brachyura) de quatro pontos de amostragem no manguezal do Rio Formoso, Estado de Pernambuco, e em seguida, caracterizar a estrutura populacional do caranguejo chama-maré Uca cumulanta. Para isto, foram realizadas amostragens mensais no período de março de 2009 a abril de 2010, abrangendo todos os microhabitats. A temperatura do ar, temperatura da toca e salinidade foram mensuradas e correlacionadas com a abundância de espécies, também foram comparadas entre pontos de amostragem e período seco e chuvoso. Para determinar padrões na estrutura e composição da taxocenose de braquiúros foram realizadas análises multivariadas e calculados os índices de diversidade totais e para cada ponto de coleta. Foram registrados 7,544 exemplares de caranguejos braquiúros pertencentes a 23 espécies, 12 gêneros e a sete famílias. As famílias que apresentaram maior riqueza foram Ocypodidae e a Panopeidae. Em relação aos pontos de coleta a maior riqueza foi registrada no ponto 4 (18 espécies) seguida do ponto 1 (15 espécies), ponto 2 (13 espécies) e ponto 3 foi observada apenas 8 espécies de caranguejos. A maior abundância foi registrada no ponto 1 (2242) indivíduos, seguida do ponto 3 (2039), ponto 2 (1820) e ponto 4 (1443). Uca thayeri e U. leptodactylus foram as espécies mais abundantes. A maior diversidade de Shannon ocorreu no ponto 4, os ponto 2 e 3 apresentaram a mais baixa equitabilidade. A taxocenose de caranguejos apresentou um padrão espacial bem definido, com alta dissimilaridade entre os pontos de coleta, sendo maior entre os pontos 3 e 4 (72,01%). As variáveis ambientais não tiveram influência na abundância de espécies e também não variaram entre os pontos de amostragem, no entanto, entre período seco e chuvoso variaram. Os resultados demonstraram que a diversidade de caranguejos nas áreas do manguezal do Rio Formoso foi expressiva, porém, com índices baixos devido à dominância de algumas espécies, a área de coleta apresenta grande heterogeneidade espacial e as variáveis ambientais analisadas não tiveram influência sob a abundância de caranguejos neste local. Para caracterizar a estrutura populacional de Uca cumulanta, a partir de dados provenientes da coleta descrita anteriormente, foram analisados o tamanho médio de machos e de fêmeas, a distribuição de frequência em classes de tamanho de largura da carapaça (LC), a razão sexual, número de ovígeras e destreza na população. Foram coletados 346 indivíduos, sendo 211 machos e 135 fêmeas. Não houve diferença significativa no tamanho médio (LC) de machos (7,86 ± 1,07 mm) e fêmeas (7,88 ± 1,15 mm). A distribuição de frequência em classes de tamanho (LC) apresentou um padrão normal para ambos os sexos. A proporção sexual total foi desviada em favor dos machos (1,56: 1). Apenas cinco fêmeas ovígeras foram registradas e a população foi predominantemente destra. Em geral, a população de U. cumulanta apresentou-se estável e com características semelhantes a outras do gênero. Tendo em vista que a maioria dos manguezais tropicais ainda não foram bem explorados e há muitas espécies para serem descobertas, este estudo irá contribuir para o conhecimento da taxocenose de caranguejos local e assim fornecer subsídeo para projetos de conservação e manejo desta área estuarina.
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Jimenez, Pedro Julião. "O competidor interespecífico pode alterar a agressividade intraespecífica? um estudo com caranguejos do gênero Uca." Botucatu, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/138028.
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Orientador: Rodrigo Egydio BarretoResumo: Experimentalmente, em campo e em laboratório, usando como modelo as espécies Uca leptodactyla e U. uruguayensis, avaliamos como o estímulo direto e o estímulo visual de um competidor interespecífico pode alterar a agressividade e os comportamentos agonísticos durante as lutas intraespecíficas. Vimos que o comportamento de estender o quelípodo (ameaça), que é um comportamento pouco escalado, ocorre em menos lutas na presença do estímulo do competidor interespecífico nos experimentos em laboratório. Em U. leptodactyla, o comportamento de entrelaçar/agarrar os quelípodos, que indica combates mais escalados, esteve presente em mais lutas com o estímulo direto do interespecífico, diferindo das lutas na presença do estímulo do intraespecífico. Nos experimentos com estímulo visual, em U. uruguayensis, houve mais comportamento de entrelaçar no grupo experimental sem a presença do estímulo, diferindo do grupo experimental com estímulo intraespecífico. Nos experimentos em campo, em U. uruguayensis houve maior número do comportamento arremessar, o mais escalado analisado neste estudo, nas lutas com ausência do estímulo de competidores. Os resultados sugerem que na presença de interespecíficos ocorrem diferenças nas lutas, em que menos comportamentos de ameaça são utilizados. Parece haver identidade mal interpretada do estímulo visual dos competidores, pois não ocorrem diferenças entre os grupos com estímulo visual intra- e interespecífico. Os dados sugerem existir diferenças na ameaça o... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Experimentally, in field and laboratory, using as models the species Uca leptodactyla e U. uruguayensis, we evaluated how the direct and the visual stimulus of an interspecific competitor can alter the aggressivity and agonistic behaviors in intraspecific fights. The cheliped extend (threat behavior), a less scalated behavior, occurred in less fights in the presence of the interspecific competitor, in the laboratory experiments. In U. leptodactyla, the interlace/grapple behavior, that indicate more escalated combats, occurred in more fights when in the presence of the direct stimulus of the interspecific, differing of the fights in the presence of the intraspecific stimulus. In the field experiments, there was a bigger number of the flick behavior, the most escalated in this study, in the fights of U. uruguayensis when in the absence of competitor’s stimulus. The results suggest that differences occur in the fights when interspecific competitors are present, occurring less threat behaviors. It seems that occur a misidentification of the specie identity when only exposed to visual cues of the competitors, not occurring differences between the groups with the intra- and interspecific stimulus. The data suggests differences in the offered threat by the interspecific between the species, and the assessment that the individuals do about their adversaries can lead to different response by the species.
Mestre
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Jimenez, Pedro Julião [UNESP]. "O competidor interespecífico pode alterar a agressividade intraespecífica? um estudo com caranguejos do gênero Uca." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/138028.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Experimentalmente, em campo e em laboratório, usando como modelo as espécies Uca leptodactyla e U. uruguayensis, avaliamos como o estímulo direto e o estímulo visual de um competidor interespecífico pode alterar a agressividade e os comportamentos agonísticos durante as lutas intraespecíficas. Vimos que o comportamento de estender o quelípodo (ameaça), que é um comportamento pouco escalado, ocorre em menos lutas na presença do estímulo do competidor interespecífico nos experimentos em laboratório. Em U. leptodactyla, o comportamento de entrelaçar/agarrar os quelípodos, que indica combates mais escalados, esteve presente em mais lutas com o estímulo direto do interespecífico, diferindo das lutas na presença do estímulo do intraespecífico. Nos experimentos com estímulo visual, em U. uruguayensis, houve mais comportamento de entrelaçar no grupo experimental sem a presença do estímulo, diferindo do grupo experimental com estímulo intraespecífico. Nos experimentos em campo, em U. uruguayensis houve maior número do comportamento arremessar, o mais escalado analisado neste estudo, nas lutas com ausência do estímulo de competidores. Os resultados sugerem que na presença de interespecíficos ocorrem diferenças nas lutas, em que menos comportamentos de ameaça são utilizados. Parece haver identidade mal interpretada do estímulo visual dos competidores, pois não ocorrem diferenças entre os grupos com estímulo visual intra- e interespecífico. Os dados sugerem existir diferenças na ameaça oferecida pelo interespecífico para as diferentes espécies, e a avaliação que os indivíduos fazem dos adversários pode ter levado a respostas diferentes pelas espécies.
Experimentally, in field and laboratory, using as models the species Uca leptodactyla e U. uruguayensis, we evaluated how the direct and the visual stimulus of an interspecific competitor can alter the aggressivity and agonistic behaviors in intraspecific fights. The cheliped extend (threat behavior), a less scalated behavior, occurred in less fights in the presence of the interspecific competitor, in the laboratory experiments. In U. leptodactyla, the interlace/grapple behavior, that indicate more escalated combats, occurred in more fights when in the presence of the direct stimulus of the interspecific, differing of the fights in the presence of the intraspecific stimulus. In the field experiments, there was a bigger number of the flick behavior, the most escalated in this study, in the fights of U. uruguayensis when in the absence of competitor’s stimulus. The results suggest that differences occur in the fights when interspecific competitors are present, occurring less threat behaviors. It seems that occur a misidentification of the specie identity when only exposed to visual cues of the competitors, not occurring differences between the groups with the intra- and interspecific stimulus. The data suggests differences in the offered threat by the interspecific between the species, and the assessment that the individuals do about their adversaries can lead to different response by the species.
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Mendes, Luziane Montezoli Damon. "Aspectos bioecol?gicos dos caranguejos do g?nero Uca (Crust?cea, Decapoda, Ocypodidae) no manguezal de Itacuru??/Coroa Grande, Ba?a de Sepetiba, RJ." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2014. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/1383.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPQ
Species of the genus Uca Leach 1814, have wide distribution in tropical, subtropical and temperate regions of the world, especially as a species excavators substrate, activity is important the processes of energy transfer and nutrient cycling, and is considered a keystone species in the ecosystem. This study was conducted with the aim of investigate the ecology distribution, population biology and somatic growth and natural mortality of the genus Uca in Itacuru??/Coroa Grande mangrove, Sepetiba Bay- RJ. Sampling was conducted in the right bank of the Draga river and Itingussu river during May/2010 to April/2011. The samplings were made monthly by two collectors during 10 minutes in low tide, digging sediment and removing crabs. Sediment samples were collected in 72 subareas of 5x5m, to determine the granulometry, organic matter, calcium, phosphor and metal zinco e manganese. They were studied seven species of the genus Uca: Uca cumulanta, Uca leptodactylus, Uca rapax, Uca thayeri, Uca uruguayensis, Uca mordax and Uca vocator. Uca cumulanta was the more abundant species and Uca vocator the rarer.The results indicated that distribution of the species was influenced by abiotic factors, being the main limiting factors: salinity, sediment grain size, organic matter, concentrations of phosphor and metals, zinc and manganese. Only air temperature presented correlatin with the abundance of the ovigerous females. During the study period was collected a total of 4234 crabs, with 2570 males and 1664 females (61 ovigerous females). The results of the mean size revealed the occurrence of significant differences between the sexes, with a predominance of larger males, for the most populations. Only the females of U. cumulanta presented larger mean size compared to males, and U. thayeri no difference between the sexes. The results of the growth dynamics revealed that a longevity for the study populations ranged from 3.27 to 4.22 years. U. thayeri was the species with the lowest difference in relation to longevity between the sexes, with 3.43 years for males and 3.53 years for females, and U. leptodactylus showed higher amplitude, with 3.43 years for males and 4 07 years for females. The coefficients of natural mortality showed no marked inter and intraspecific differences according to species and sexes, although the values of natural mortality have been higher on males than females
As esp?cies do g?nero Uca possuem ampla distribui??o nas regi?es tropicais, subtropicais e temperadas do mundo, destacando-se como esp?cies escavadoras do substrato, atividade importante para os processos de transfer?ncia de energia e ciclagem de nutrientes e ? considerada uma esp?cie-chave do ecossistema. Este trabalho foi realizado com objetivo de analisar a biologia populacional, distribui??o ecol?gica, crescimento som?tico e mortalidade natural das esp?cies do g?nero Uca no manguezal de Itacuru?a/Coroa Grande, Ba?a de Sepetiba ? RJ. A amostragem foi realizada ? margem direita do rio da Draga e do Rio Itingussu, em tr?s grades (0, 100 e 200 m), durante o per?odo de maio/2010 a abril/2011, mensalmente, durante a mar? baixa, por 10 minutos, atrav?s de coletas manuais escavando o sedimento e removendo os caranguejos. Amostras do sedimento foram coletadas nas 72 sub?reas de 5x5m, para determinar o tamanho das part?culas, mat?ria org?nica, teor de c?lcio, f?sforo e os metais, ferro, zinco e mangan?s. Foram capturadas sete esp?cies do g?nero Uca: Uca cumulanta, Uca leptodactylus, Uca rapax, Uca thayeri, Uca uruguayensis, Uca mordax e Uca vocator. A esp?cie mais abundante foi U. leptodactylus e U. vocator a mais rara.. As principais vari?veis limitantes da abund?ncia das esp?cies do g?nero Uca no manguezal de Itacuru??/Coroa Grande, foram a salinidade, tamanho dos gr?os do sedimento, teor de mat?ria org?nica, concentra??o de f?sforo e dos metais ferro, zinco e mangan?s. Para as f?meas ov?geras a vari?vel temperatura do ar foi a ?nica, que apresentou correla??o com a abund?ncia desses organismos. Durante o per?odo de estudo foi analisado um total de 4234 caranguejos, sendo 2570 machos e 1664 f?meas (61 f?meas ov?geras). A an?lise dos resultados do tamanho m?dio revelou a ocorr?ncia de diferen?as significativas entre os sexos, com predomin?ncia de machos maiores, para maioria das popula??es. Somente as f?meas de U. cumulanta apresentaram maior tamanho m?dio quando comparadas aos machos, j? U. thayeri n?o apresentou diferen?a significativa entre os sexos. Os resultados da din?mica de crescimento, revelaram que a longevidade para as popula??es em estudo, variou de 3,27 a 4,22 anos. U. thayeri foi a esp?cie que apresentou menor diferen?a em rela??o ? longevidade entre os sexos, com 3,43 anos para machos e 3,53 anos para f?meas, j? U. leptodactylus apresentou maior amplitude, com 3,43 anos para machos e 4,07 anos para f?meas. Os coeficientes de mortalidade natural n?o evidenciaram diferen?as inter e intraespecificas acentuadas de acordo com a esp?cie e o sexo, embora os valores de mortalidade natural tenham sido um pouco mais elevados sobre os machos, do que sobre as f?meas. Palavras-chave: Ba?a de Sepetiba, chama-mar?s, longevidade, padr?o de distribui??o, mortalidade.
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NABOUT, João Carlos. "Macroecologia do gênero Uca (Crustacea, Decapoda): padrões de diversidade, distribuição e respostas às mudanças climáticas globais." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/344.
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Previous issue date: 2009-11-17Macroecology of the genus Uca (Crustacea, Decapoda): Patterns of diversity, distribution and responses to global change. The genus Uca, composed by 97 species, has a worldwide distribution on coastal marine regions, mainly in tropical environments. Many researches have used the genus Uca as a model of study, although the actual scientific knowledge about this group is dispersed. Moreover, few studies have investigated its global and evolutive patterns. In this sense, considering that the genus Uca has no taxonomic problems (there is a consensus about its distribution and species identification), presents wide geographical distribution and has phylogenetic topologies, this group can be used as an excellent model to test macroecological and evolutionary hypotheses, and to discuss the effects of climate change on coastal organisms. The aim of this study was to detect trends and biases in scientific literature about the genus Uca, as well as to assess macroecological patterns (at a global scale) and to evaluate the influence of climate change on the geographical range size and species richness. Moreover, we associated the information generated to improve conservation strategies for species of the genus Uca. Considering our goals, we generated four papers in this thesis. Among the most prominent results, we observed that, the number of papers about the genus Uca indexed in Thomson ISI database, did not increase between 1991 and 2007, which may indicate the lack of interest of the scientific community on this taxonomic group. Moreover, the majority of the scientific production about the genus Uca came from institutions in the USA. The studies about the genus Uca were mainly characterized as population papers (which analyzes population attributes such as density, distribution and ecological interactions). The results of species accumulation curve demonstrated that the total number of Uca species currently know (97 described species) is substantially lower than the number predicted by the asymptote of the Gompertz model (134 species predicted), suggesting that new species need to be described. However, a new species of Uca is not described since 1987. Models were generated to explain the date of species description based on the body size, geographical range size, human influence and the type of habitat of each species. These models were selected using the Akaike Information Criteria (AIC). The best model among the candidate ones (explaining 37% of the total variance) was composed by variables representing the geographical range size of species, their body size and the human influence on them. In other words, large-bodied species and those widely distributed, mainly in regions with elevated human influence, were described earlier. In another paper of this thesis, we evaluated the levels of phylogenetic heritability of species of the genus Uca on their geographical range size, shape and position. If a strong phylogenetic signal of geographic range sizes exists between close related species, we can predict the unknown geographic range of species through the known geographic range of its relatives, which is useful for conservation purposes. However, the absence of phylogenetic signal was evidenced for this trait. On the other hand, there was a strong phylogenetic pattern considering the position of the range (mainly along longitudinal axis), probably due to mechanisms of vicariant allopatric speciation and to the geographical structure of the cladogenesis of the group. In the last paper, the impact of global changes on geographic range size of genus Uca were modeled, producing a comprehension about a poleward shift and elaborating maps of species richness based in two scenarios of global change. The models generated presented good performance, and predictions are that the species will probably have reduced the geographical range size and some species will be extinct (considering two scenarios until 2050), mainly in the tropical regions. Moreover, the range of species with midpoints in both hemispheres changed towards to poles in the future scenarios of climatic changes. Finally, the results of this set of papers highlighted the urgency of detailed studies for some species of Uca, and in some coastal marine regions (e.g. Indo-West Pacific) to evaluate the actual status of the distribution of species of the genus Uca and the real species richness of this genus. This is essential to generate local strategies aiming to minimize impacts of global change on coastal organism
O gênero Uca é composto atualmente por 97 espécies, distribuídas mundialmente, ocupando ambientes costeiros marinhos, principalmente da região tropical. Diversos campos de pesquisa têm desenvolvidos trabalhos usando o gênero Uca como modelo, entretanto, atualmente o conhecimento científico sobre esse grupo apresenta-se disperso, além disso, estudos sobre padrões globais e evolutivos ainda são incipientes. Dessa forma, considerando que o gênero Uca é taxonomicamente resolvidos (i.e., consenso na distribuição e identificação das espécies), apresenta ampla distribuição geográfica e existem topologias filogenéticas, estes tornam-se excelentes modelos para testar hipóteses macroecólogicas, evolutivas e discutir efeitos de mudanças climáticas sobre organismos costeiros. O objetivo geral desse trabalho foi avaliar tendências e detectar vieses da literatura científica global de caranguejos do gênero Uca, bem como investigar padrões macroecológicos em escala global e a influência das mudanças climáticas na distribuição geográfica e riqueza de espécies desse grupo de caranguejo, além disso, associar as informações geradas para avançar em estratégias de conservação para essas espécies. Dessa forma, considerando o objetivo geral desse trabalho, foram gerados quatro artigos apresentados nessa tese. Dentre os resultados mais importantes, observamos que o número de artigos sobre Uca indexados na base Thomson ISI não aumentou ao longo dos anos (1991 até 2007), o que pode indicar que não houve aumento de interesse da comunidade científica com esse grupo de organismo, além disso, a maior parte da produção científica sobre Uca foi desenvolvidas por instituições dos Estados Unidos. Os estudos sobre Uca foram principalmente caracterizados como artigos de cunho populacional (i.e. analisaram atributos como densidade, distribuição e interações ecológicas). Apesar de um longo tempo não serem descritas novas espécies de Uca (última espécie foi descrita em 1987), os resultados da curva de acumulação de espécies demonstraram que o número total de espécies de Uca atualmente descrito é menor do que o número de espécies predito pela assíntota do modelo de Gompertz (preditos 134 espécies), sugerindo que existem novas espécies de Uca para serem descritas. Além disso, foram gerados modelos para explicar a data de descrição de espécies, baseado no tamanho da carapaça, tamanho da área de distribuição geográfica, influência humana nos locais de ocorrência das espécies e o tipo de habitat da espécie. Esses modelos foram confrontados e selecionados de acordo com o Critério de Informação de Akaike (AIC). O melhor modelo foi composto pelo tamanho da distribuição geográfica, tamanho do corpo e influência humana, explicando 37% da variação total dos dados, dessa forma, as espécies descritas primeiramente apresentaram maior tamanho corpóreo, maiores áreas de distribuição geográfica e ocorrem em regiões de elevada influência humana. Em outro artigo desenvolvido nessa tese, foi avaliado os níveis de herdabilidade filogenética do tamanho, forma e posição da distribuição geográfica de espécies de Uca. A existência do sinal filogenético para o tamanho da distribuição geográfica pode auxiliar em estratégias para conservação, pois é possível prever o tamanho da distribuição geográfica de uma espécie caso se conheça o tamanho da distribuição de uma espécie filogeneticamente próxima. Entretanto, para as espécies de Uca, foi observado ausência de sinal filogenético para esse caráter. Somente a posição da distribuição geográfica (ao longo do eixo longitudinal) apresentou um forte padrão filogenético, possivelmente devido ao processo de especiação alopátrica vicariante e a estrutura geográfica dos clados. Para o último artigo, foram modelados os impactos das mudanças climáticas globais sobre a distribuição geográfica das espécies de Uca, gerando uma compreensão do deslocamento das espécies em direção aos pólos e ainda produzindo um mapa de riqueza de espécies com base em cenário otimistas e pessimistas de mudanças climáticas globais. Os modelos gerados apresentaram bom desempenho, e grande parte das espécies de Uca apresentarão diminuição da distribuição geográfica acarretando perda de espécies (para cenários projetados para 2050), principalmente nas regiões tropicais, ainda assim, as espécies com pontos médios de ocorrência em ambos os hemisfério, tenderão a direcionar-se para os pólos nos cenários futuros de mudanças climáticas. Por fim, os resultados desse conjunto de artigos evidenciam a urgência de estudos ambientais para diversas espécies de Uca e de regiões costeiras (e.g. Indo-Oeste Pacífico) a fim de gerar um painel atualizado da distribuição e riqueza de espécies de Uca, que permitirão gerar estratégias locais para minimizar impactos das mudanças climáticas
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Alkaladi, Ali Saleh. "The functional anatomy of the fiddler crab compound eye." Phd thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/151089.
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Reaney, Leeann Tracy. "Female mate choice in the fiddler crab Uca mjoebergi." Phd thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/151066.
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Tseng, Yu Fang, and 曾于芳. "The dear-enemy effect in the fiddler crab, Uca lactea." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/28778457519367703067.
Full textAbstract:
碩士東海大學
生命科學系
96
Some of the territorial group-living animals present the dear-enemy phenomenon, in which residents respond less aggressively to their neighbors than to the intruders. There are two kinds of hypotheses aiming to explain this phenomenon. One is ‘role mistake hypothesis’ and ‘fighting to learn hypothesis’. These emphasize the different levels of familiarity between contestants and is generally called the familiarity hypothesis. The other is ‘relative threat hypothesis’ and is based on the different threats posed by different individuals. Familiarity hypothesis can not fully explain many cases, including: 1) some territorial animals do not have dear-enemy effect and 2) aggressive behavior between neighboring residents can change seasonally. In addition, because the term ‘non-neighbor’ in studies of the dear-enemy effect are not clearly defined, the experimental design of early studies deserves further investigation. The purpose of the present study was to clarify these three problems of territorial behavior. Uca lactea is a group-living and territorial animal. Its surface mating activity fluctuates with tidal cycle. These properties make U. lactea ideal for this study. Three experiments were included to: 1) examine interactions between contestants with different levels of familiarity, 2) compare aggressive behavior between residents and neighbors and between residents and intruders during neap and spring tides, and 3) evaluate effects of potential mating opportunity on aggressive interactions among residents. My results showed that, individuals fought longer and more fiercely when encountering strangers than neighbors. It is an indication that there is dear-enemy effect in Uca lactea. Longer and more violent contests were found between intruders and residents than among residents during neap tide. Residents fought more among themselves in spring tide than in neap tide. When there were potential mating opportunities, residents fought more aggressively, although fighting duration and frequency were not different t among residents. These results supported the ‘relative threat hypothesis’. Specifically, a ‘non-neighbor’ in the dear-enemy effect is an intruder that lacks a territory, not just a stranger. Providing a precise definition will help to clarify some of the controversy in the study of the dear-enemy effect.
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"Costs of sexual selection in the sand fiddler crab, Uca pugilator." STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT STONY BROOK, 2008. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3301475.
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Rosch, Eric. "Response to Conspecific Chemical Cues in the Fiddler Crab Uca Rapax." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/149306.
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Fiddler crabs are well-known for their visual displays in courtship and social interactions. However, the ability of these animals to produce and respond to chemical stimuli remains unknown. The current study investigated the existence of these cues and the information they may contain. Experiments were designed to discover any behavioral differences among populations as well as the duration of the cues. Both male and female crabs were found to be able to distinguish the size and sex of another fiddler crab by chemical cues alone, and displayed preferences for sand exposed to females and smaller crabs. Mate choice trials were conducted using crabs from a local and non-local population to determine whether these chemical cues differ among populations. Females showed a preference for males from a non-local population based on chemical cues. Larval development was studied to ascertain the duration of the planktonic larval phase as well as gain information regarding survival and development rates correlated with factors such as mother size, hatch date, and hatch size. Larval survival and duration were found to be impacted by the timing of release and the size of the mother. Population genetic analyses using cytochrome oxidase I were conducted to discover the relatedness of different populations of fiddler crabs throughout the Gulf of Mexico. Populations from Texas showed high relatedness, which may indicate high gene flow among populations.
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Clark, Huon Lyndon. "Reproductive success and factors affecting sexual selection in a fiddler crab, Uca mjoebergi." Phd thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/116841.
Full textAbstract:
Producing offspring is the most important aspect of an animal’s
life. Reproductive success is the cornerstone of evolution, but
successful mating is a complex process that we are only starting
to understand. This thesis examines five aspects of reproductive
success in a fiddler crab, Uca mjoebergi. This is an ideal study
species since the crabs are tractable, abundant and amenable to
manipulation. In the first chapter, I examine the natural
mate-searching behaviour of females and show, for the first time
in any species, that there is a mosaic of preferences: females
prefer males of different sizes depending on where they are in
the tidal zone, and when they are mate-searching in the tidal
cycle. This level of complexity in female preferences can partly
explain the ‘lek paradox’.
In the second chapter, I examine assortative mating and show that
there is a strong correlation between the size of males and
females in mated pairs. I show that neither mate availability nor
mating constraints can explain the pattern. Since both males and
females preferentially mate with larger partners, sexual
selection explains the high level of size-assortative mating. In
chapter three, I revisit earlier work on this species showing
that claw loss and subsequent regeneration strongly disadvantages
males in terms of reproductive success. By substantially
increasing the sample size, I show that males with regenerated
claws are not at a mating disadvantage. This study highlights the
importance of large sample sizes in behavioural studies.
In chapter four, I examine the effect of temperature on mating
success. Males can live in the sun or shade. There are advantages
to living in the shade: males can be active for longer periods
and they are less likely to dehydrate or overheat. Females that
chose to mate with males living in the shade, however, would
incubate their eggs at approximately 3°C lower than females
incubating in sunny territories. I show that this difference in
temperature does not affect the timing of crucial reproductive
events and does not prevent the females from releasing their
fully-formed larvae at the optimal time.
In chapter five, I examine the potential consequence of habitat
loss and subsequent overlap between species distributions. We can
already observe this: a larger, lower-living fiddler crab is
invading the habitat of Uca mjoebergi, increasing the competition
between these species. I show that the disadvantages experienced
by male U. mjoebergi from having a heterospecific neighbour is
not necessarily as severe as common sense may suggest.
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"Molt staging and b-glucosidase activity in the fiddler crab, Uca pugilator (crustacean, sclerotization)." Tulane University, 1985.
Find full textAbstract:
The molt stages of the fiddler crab, Uca pugilator, are described with setal development and extent of epidermal retraction in pleopods as the major criteria for molt stage determination. Setogenic molt staging is a simple technique to use and produces no apparent adverse physiological effects. A single crab can be staged throughout an entire molt cycle using this technique. Setogenic molt staging may be performed using setae from several regions of the body. The molt cycle in Uca was divided into the following stages and substages: A-B, C, D(,0), D(,1), D(,2), and D(,3-4) The enzyme, B-glucosidase, was demonstrated to exist in the fiddler crab and was characterized by kinetic, temperature, pH sensitivity and reaction rate data. Levels of enzyme activity in the cuticle and epidermis were also determined in relation to the stages of the molt cycle. The V(,0) pH sensitivity data indicate an optimum pH of approximately 5.0. Temperature sensitivity data indicate an optimum temperature of approximately 80(DEGREES) C. The apparent Km and Vmax values of the crab B-glucosidase are 15.57mM PNPG and 0.0712mM PNPG/min respectively. The pH sensitivity and rate data suggest a multiplicity of forms for the exhibited enzyme activity. The temporal relationship of B-glucosidase activity with known molt cycle events suggests this enzyme is involved with protein sclerotization in the fiddler crabacase@tulane.edu
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Chen, Yao-Hung, and 陳耀弘. "Density influence factors of fiddler crab in mangrove estuary of Cigu River in southwestern Taiwan." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/30369462319837731820.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
漁業科學研究所
97
The study mangrove area, which was located at southwestern Taiwan has abundant biological resources and is one of important habitat of wild bird. The fiddler crabs were the most dominant species of benthic animals. In previous study, visual survey was the most efficiency and suitable method to estimate fiddler crab’s density in the mangrove estuary of Cigu River. Fiddler crabs were also captured and measured their morphology. The data were sampled monthly from July, 2008 to June, 2009, the purpose of this study was to comprehend density influence factors of fiddler crab in mangrove estuary of Cigu River. The transect sampling was vertical to tidal line. Besides, species discrimination, individual counts and sex judgement were also investigated by visual survey. The environmental factors, such as pH, salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen, water content, organic matter, grain size and the proportion of mud/sand were also investigated. The results indicated that there were four species, such as Uca arcuata, Uca lactea, Uca triangularis triangularis and Uca vocans borealis. Carapace width of Uca arcuata and Uca lactea lactea had highly relevant with weight, and carapace length of Uca vocans borealis had highly relevant with weight. The mangrove estuary of Cigu River could be divided into three sectors, such as Cigu River sector, small water channel sector, Sangu River which was composed of different water and sediment factors. PCA also indicated that the variation of the mangrove estuary of Cigu River was mainly from sediment factors then water factors. Sangu River sector was suitable habitat for Uca arcuata and Uca lactea lactea compared to other two sectors. There were high Uca arcuata and Uca lactea lactea densities in high tidal zone of Sangu River sector. Sangu River sector had sedimental factors as following：grain size 48.8 ± 5.68 μm；mud/sand proportion 1.7 ± 0.38％；organic matter 3.56 ± 0.93 ％；water content 35.5 ± 4.76 ％。
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LIN, HUI-ZHEN, and 林惠真. "The reproductive behavior and mate choice of fiddler crab, uca lactea lactea, in mid-Taiwan." Thesis, 1986. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/76715711691696753006.
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Su, Kuo-Chiang, and 蘇國強. "A new hypothesis on the function of the chimney of the fiddler crab, Uca arcuata." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/40069993233606583502.
Full textAbstract:
碩士東海大學
生命科學系
95
Some fiddler crabs (genus Uca) build structures at their burrow entrances. In the previous studies, several hypotheses on the functions of these structures have been proposed. For Uca arcuata, the chimney-building behavior could not be explained by any of these hypotheses. In the first part of this study, the number of visiting crabs (ie., Helice formosensis & Helicana doerjesi) was one of the most important factors for the chimney-building behavior in U. arcuata. Field observations revealed that some crabs have a burrow-visiting behavior, suggesting that this behavior may be interference to the resident crabs. Furthermore, crabs usually make a detour if there is a roadblock. Hence, I proposed a new hypothesis that chimneys will reduce inter-specific interference due to burrow-visiting. To test this hypothesis, three experiments were conducted. First, the frequency and the rate of chimney building would increase when there are more visiting crabs around. Twelve enclosures were constructed and three densities of H. formosensis were manipulated. The number of chimney in each enclosure was recorded for the following 5 consecutive days. The number of chimney in the high density enclosures was significantly greater than that in the no H. formosensis treatment. And there was a linear relation of density to the rate of chimney emergence. Second, if the chimney can reduce interference, then it is expected that the visiting crabs are more likely to enter a burrow without a chimney. I recorded the frequency of burrows, with and without chimneys, visited by H. formosensis and Perisesarma bidens after artificial releases. The results indicated that both species entered burrows without chimneys significantly more frequently. Third, the visited frequency is expected to be lower in the burrows with a chimney than in those without a chimney. The result of the burrow trap experiment confirmed this prediction. The burrow-visited frequency was significantly lower in burrows with a chimney. And eighteen of the 28 visiting crabs captured by burrow traps were H. formosensis, and 5 were U. arcuata. These three experiments supported the new hypothesis of this study.
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Falkowski, Marcin. "The spectral and temporal properties of fiddler crab photoreceptors in the context of predator avoidance." Phd thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/144592.
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The ability to detect and effectively escape from predators is
critical to an animal's survival, and the ability to do so
effectively depends on its sensory system. Vision is the dominant
if not sole sensory system fiddler crabs use for predator
avoidance. In this thesis I investigate the photoreceptor
properties of two fiddler crab species, Uca vomeris and Uca
dampieri, and their escape behaviour under field conditions with
the aim to further our knowledge of how these crabs use visual
information to organise their escape behaviour.
In an attempt to elucidate the spectral sensitivities of the
crabs' photoreceptors, intracellular electrophysiological
recordings were performed and are presented in Chapter 2.
Temporal resolution of their visual system was investigated using
both intracellular recordings and electroretinograms (ERGs) and
presented in Chapter 3. The following two chapters present the
results of behavioural experiments into the effect of the
predator's elevation in the crabs' visual field on two stages of
the crabs' predator avoidance response: the run home stage
(Chapter 4) and the burrow descent stage (Chapter 5).
I found that both species of fiddler crabs have a UV-sensitive
photopigment, plus one or two photopigments with a peak
sensitivity in the blue part of the spectrum (400-500 nm). Their
temporal resolution, measured as critical flicker fusion
frequency (CFF), was similar to other non-flying animals at
around 70 Hz. When measured as integration time and time-to-peak,
however, their temporal resolution was very high, comparable even
to flying animals. The behavioural experiments revealed that at
the run home stage, the crabs perceive objects changing in
elevation as most dangerous. Additionally, when far from the
burrow they respond earlier to objects appearing low in the
visual field, whereas when close to their burrow, such as at the
stage of the burrow descent, they are more sensitive to objects
that are seen high in the visual field.
These investigations into the visual system and into predator
avoidance behaviours of fiddler crabs move us closer to
establishing them as a model system where we understand the first
stage of sensory processing, which in turn will allow us to
investigate how further neural processing leads to the functional
behavioural output that can be observed in the field.
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Yeh, Chun-Liang, and 葉春良. "Observation of Chimney Function and Territorial Behavior in the Fiddler Crab Uca arcuata De Haan,1835." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/51929748462218342644.
Full textAbstract:
碩士輔仁大學
生物學系
84
Uca arcuata is one kind of fiddler crab, and it is widely distributed in East Asia. The habitat of Uca arcuata is the mud area in the tidal zone of the river mouth. A large population can be found especially in the tidal creek side of the mangroves. The study area of this paper was located at the mangroves of the Zhu-Wei district of Taipei County. The field observation was taken place between June 1995 and May 1996. At the burrow entrance of Uca arcuata, a chimney can always be found. The building condition of the chimney construction depends on age, sex, the breeding state of the female, the situation of the micro-habitat, and the crab as a wandering type or not. The result of this study indicates that a chimney does not mean to be a landmark, a guidepost or used for a courtship, and that a new chimney will be rebuilt if someone removes the old one. Therefore, It is assumed that the building of the chimney construction might improve the micro-habitat and the breeding environment. The territorial behavior includes four kinds of activities: warning, driving & threatening, combat, and defense. Fighting is always found between males of similar sizes. Larger males often win in the fighting. The territory is set around the center of the burrow. Generally, larger crabs have larger home range, but the size of the territory is interrelated with other factors such as the distance and the intention of other approaching crabs.
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"The regulation of neuroendocrine release in the eyestalk of the fiddler crab Uca pugilator (dopamine, fmrfamide)." Tulane University, 1987.
Find full textAbstract:
Crustaceans, like many other invertebrates and some vertebrates, are capable of altering their color by altering the degree of pigment concentration or dispersion in specialized integumental cells known as chromatophores. Pigment translocation in the fiddler crab, Uca pugilator, is regulated by hormones released from the animal's eyestalk neuroendocrine gland, the X-organ-sinus gland complex. This complex contains no fewer than four pigment effector hormones. The release of these hormones is thought to be regulated by neurons impinging directly on the secretory cells, or on cells somewhere along the chain of neurons leading to the X-organ-sinus gland (Fingerman, 1985) Biogenic amines, including dopamine, octopamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, and norepinephrine, have been shown to have hormone-releasing effects when injected into U. pugilator. Whether or not endogenous stores of these compounds act as neurotransmitters, however, has not been fully illustrated In the following work, I have documented the presence of dopamine, octopamine, norepinephrine and 5-hydroxytryptamine in various tissues of U. pugilator. In addition, I have provided evidence for a mechanism of synthesis of one (5-hydroxytryptamine) using pharmacological blockers against enzymes involved in its synthesis. I have also demonstrated a mechanism whereby the action of one (norepinephrine) is terminated by re-uptake and metabolism of this putitive neurotransmitter. In the final chapter, the relationship of biogenic amines and eyestalk neuropeptides, was examinedacase@tulane.edu
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HSIEH, HUNG-CHUNG, and 謝宏忠. "Study on the live mode of fiddler crab (Uca arcuata) in the Dapeng Bay, Pingtung County." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ax2565.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立高雄海洋科技大學
漁業生產與管理研究所
106
Nearly 50 hectares of mangrove rehabilitating areas in Dapeng Bay National Scenic Area, Pingtung County, all 12 kinds of tidal crabs have been seen in Taiwan, in order to provide reference for the development of ecologically relevant uses in Dapeng Bay in the future, observe and It is necessary to record the life pattern of the wetland crabs. The main observations in this study are the Uca (Tubuca) arcuata lifestyle and the association between the symbiotic crabs Gelasimus vocans and Austruca lactea. The results of the study showed that in the observation area, male and female arctic crabs with different genders had a higher proportion of males (87.50%), with large chelate feet distributed to the right (73.47%). The movement of waving a large chelate foot may represent a site for declaration and Foraging, the female feeding rate (more than 60 times/minute) was higher than that of the male (49 times/point or less), and the surface activity rate in the mudflat area was more likely to be affected by tides and temperatures. In addition, there were significant differences between the number of waving larvae (p=0.029) and the number of feedings (p=0.017). Afterwards, the most significant differences between the number of waving and feeding times were August and December. It was estimated that the main factors influencing the activity of innocent fiddler crabs in the region were rainfall and temperature, and the high temperature and heavy rain often occurred on the surface of the mudflat. During the low-temperature dry season, it may be necessary to rely on tide-covered seawater to maintain soil moisture, and the surface activity rate is significantly reduced.
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LA, BARBA CARMELO. "Behavioural, ecological and physiological plasticity of East African fiddler crab (genus Uca): a paradigm of terrestriality." Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1002283.
Full textAbstract:
Studio comparativo su fisiologia respiratoria, terrestrialità e territorialità dei granchi fiolinisti in ambiente di magrovia. A comparative study on respiratory physiology, terrestriality and territoriality of fiddler crabs in mangrove ecosystem